Small Extracellular Vesicles from Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections Induce Myeloid Differentiation via p38 Signaling and Coordinate Antibacterial Defense Through the p38-IL-6 Axis

Much still remains to understand about the underlying molecular mechanisms by which the trafficking of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) modulates innate immune responses during infection with pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria. To address this significant gap in knowledge, we used two infection mo