Effects of Different Doses of Caffeine on Physical and Cognitive Performance in Female Handball Players

This study investigates how different doses of caffeine affect physical and cognitive performance in female handball players. Caffeine is widely used as a performance-enhancing substance, but its effects may vary depending on the type of performance and the dose consumed. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study, participants complete three experimental conditions: placebo, low-dose caffeine (3 mg/kg), and moderate-dose caffeine (6 mg/kg). Each participant receives all conditions in a randomized order, with sufficient time between sessions to avoid carryover effects. The study evaluates three main performance domains relevant to team sports. Physical performance is assessed using an intermittent running test. Cognitive performance is measured using a reaction time task that evaluates attention and inhibitory control. In addition, a throwing test is used to assess sport-specific motor performance. The main objective is to determine whether caffeine produces dose-dependent improvements and whether these effects differ across physical, cognitive, and technical performance domains. The findings aim to provide practical insights for athletes and coaches regarding optimal caffeine use in team sport settings.