A Risk Prediction Model of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Patients With Liver Cancer

PONV management has been recommended as a necessary part of enhanced recovery protocols during the perioperative period, and PONV risk assessment is, therefore, a necessary first step in determining the number of medications or strategies for prophylaxis and treatment by considering the number of modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. However, the external validity of two commonly-used PONV prediction models for patients undergoing liver surgery is unsatisfied, and need to be updated for liver cancer populations to better inform personalized perioperative care regime and individualized decision-making in clinical practice.