Revision of Antifungal Strategies Definitions for Invasive Fungal Infections in Hematological Malignancies

The primary objective of this study is to evaluate invasive fungal infections (IFI) according to clinicians' opinion vs the opinion of an independent board of experts. The primary output of this study is the evaluation of inter-raters agreement. Secondary objectives are: evaluation of IFI incidence; description of clinical and laboratory features; frequencies of different antifungal treatments; description of outcome; impact on the treatment of underlying hematological malignancy. This is a multicenter, non-interventional observational, prospective study. The duration of the study will be 18 months. The study will recruit all consecutive eligible patients in each participating center, during a period of 6 months until at least 600 patients with acute myeloid leukemia are registered, that represented the highest risk category. Other disease types that fulfill the eligibility criteria in the participating centers during the same period will also be recruited in the study. The clinical, microbiological, diagnostic and therapeutic procedures operated on these patients will be collected. An eCRF will be compiled for all patients: T0: at the start of antifungal treatment, information will be collected regarding hematological malignancy, status of the disease at onset of infection and phase of treatment, last chemotherapy regimen, comorbidities and risk factors; previous IFI, neutropenia, antifungal and antibiotic prophylaxis and the kind of IFI clinicians retain the patient suffer (possible/probable/proven) and the kind of antifungal treatment started (empiric/pre-emptive/target); diagnostic work-up done, positive microbiology and biomarkers, positive radiological findings; antifungal treatment. T1: at 30-40 days (or before if the patient unfortunately died) a second form must be completed with information regarding any changes in/additional diagnostic work-up done, positive microbiology and biomarkers, positive radiological findings; any changes in antifungal treatme