Effects of OMT on Gait Kinematics and Postural Control in Parkinson Disease

Parkinson Disease is a degenerative process that affects millions each year, and has devastating effects on patients and their families. The mobility symptoms that manifest as the disease progresses can result in social isolation as patients may be embarrassed or fear falling in public. One of the common risks resulting from the PD is falls. Falling in PD is primarily related to musculoskeletal issues such as muscular rigidity, postural instability \& stooped posture. These kinds of manifestations should be amenable to treatment with OMT. There are studies showing the positive impact that OMT has on gait in PD, and a study showing improvement in balance in non-PD subjects. This investigation is designed to address these components via the following specific aims: 1. Identify the effects of a Neck-down OMT (OMT-ND) protocol on gait kinematics and postural control in Parkinson disease The investigators hypothesize that the application of an OMT protocol will improve gait kinematics and increase subjects' ability to respond to a postural challenge. The theoretical mechanism for this is due to the improved joint flexibility, improved proprioception and decreased muscle co-activation. 2. Determine the efficacy of Whole-body OMT (OMT-WB) protocol including cranial manipulation on gait kinematics and postural control in Parkinson disease The investigators hypothesize that the addition of a cranial manipulation protocol will further improve gait kinematics and increase subjects' ability to respond to a postural challenge. The theoretical mechanism for this is due to the improved arterial blood flow to the brain, which results from improving the cranial bone motion, maximizing venous drainage, and reducing any restrictions around the vestibular system.