Postprandial Metabolic Responses to Sustainable and Non-Sustainable Meals in Healthy Young Men

This randomized crossover study evaluated the acute postprandial metabolic and hydration responses to two standardized lunch meals differing in nutritional quality and environmental footprint in healthy young men. Each participant consumed both meals in separate experimental visits according to a randomized sequence. Postprandial oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production, respiratory quotient, energy expenditure, diet-induced thermogenesis, substrate oxidation, satiety, and hydration-related outcomes were assessed.