The Impact of Intrapleural Block on Postoperative Pain Caused by Drainage Tubes After Thoracoscopic Surgery

the investigators hereby invite participants to participate in a study entitled "The Impact of Intrapleural Block via Thoracoscopic Surgery on Postoperative Pain Caused by Drainage Tubes". This study is an extension of hospital's major clinical research project: "Efficacy and Safety of Perioperative Intrapleural Block with Local Anesthetics for Acute Postoperative Pain in Adult Thoracic and Pulmonary Surgery: A Prospective, Multicenter, Randomized, Open-Label, Positive Parallel-Controlled, Pragmatic Clinical Trial".During breathing and position changes, the postoperative closed thoracic drainage tube continuously rubs against the pleura, causing severe acute pain in patients. This study hypothesizes that analgesia via a single postoperative spray of local anesthetics into the pleural space is effective, and aims pleural space is effective, and aims to investigate whether a single spray of different local anesthetics can alleviate early acute pain caused by postoperative closed thoracic drainage. This is a pragmatic randomized controlled study. participants have a 1/3 chance of being randomly assigned to Trial Group A, a 1/3 chance to Trial Group B, and a 1/3 chance to the Control Group. If assigned to Trial Group A, participants will receive an intrapleural block with ropivacaine hydrochloride injection; if assigned to Trial Group B, the intrapleural block will contain both ropivacaine hydrochloride injection and tetracaine hydrochloride injection; if assigned to the Control Group, participants will undergo an intrapleural block without any active medications. All three intrapleural block regimens are fully compatible with the overall disease diagnosis and treatment plan and will not exert any differential impact on participants' subsequent treatment. Additionally, participants' other medical procedures and related costs will not be affected in any way. Before surgery, as well as at 2, 4, 6, 8, 24, 48 and72 hours after surgery, physicians will conduct follow-up as