Efficacy of Leuconostoc Mesenteroides

Excessive alcohol intake can cause dehydration, digestive issues, oxidative stress, and hangover symptoms like headache and fatigue. Toxic metabolites like acetaldehyde and ROS contribute to liver damage. Chronic drinking activates harmful pathways like MEOS and increases inflammation. Gut-liver axis disruption also worsens hangovers. Probiotics, such as Leuconostoc mesenteroides, may help restore gut health and reduce toxicity, but more clinical research is needed.