Less Invasive Beractant Administration in Preterm Infants

The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy and feasibility of a new less invasive surfactant administration (LISA) technique with a specific designed cannula for surfactant administration using Beractant replacement in preterm infants \<32 weeks of gestation and compare short and long term outcomes with the intubation, administration of surfactant and extubation method (INSURE). This was a single-center, prospective, open-label, non-randomized, controlled study with an experimental cohort of 30 patients treated with LISA and a retrospective control group comprising the 30 most recently treated patients with INSURE. Beractant (4 ml/Kg) was administered as exogenous surfactant in both groups if patients on nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) during the first three days of life were needed of more than 30% of fraction of inspired oxygen inspired oxygen fraction (FiO2).