Urine VOC Investigation in Bladder Cancer Diagnosis

The goal of this study to investigate the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the urine samples of both healthy individual and bladder cancer patients, using gas chromatography - mass spectrometry. Researchers aim to find a set of certain VOCs specific to bladder cancer and use this set to construct a diagnostic model that can help diagnosing bladder cancer. Participants will be asked to collect their early morning midstream urine in a predesignated container. Researchers will compare urine VOCs from bladder cancer patients and healthy individuals to see if there is any VOC whose concentration differ significantly among the two groups.