Near-Infrared Light Devices Versus Landmark Approach for Peripheral Venous Access in Intensive Care Unit

The central venous catheter (CVC) is commonly used in intensive care unit (ICU). The primary complications associated with CVCs especially with prolonged use include thrombosis and infections. Hence, it is essential to remove the CVC as soon as it becomes unnecessary. Peripheral intravenous cannulation (PIVC) on a critically ill patient can be a significant challenge for nurses. After several days in ICU, patients may develop significant edema in the upper limbs, complicating the PIVC. Near-infrared light devices (NILD) are medical devices that use near-infrared light to highlight the patient's peripheral venous network directly on their skin. The advantage of this device is its minimal training and ease of use for effective application. Nurses can use this medical device without specific conditions once they have received training on its use. The vein illuminator has not been extensively studied in ICU. This study aims to compare two techniques for PIVC in critically ill patients with existing CVC for whom maintaining the deep venous access is no longer indicated. The investigators hypothesize that the use of the NILD would increase the success rate of first-attempt PIVC insertion compared to a landmark approach (traditional method) for PIVC in ICU.