Molecular Genetics of Suicidal Behavior

Suicide is a major health problem that causes annually a million death worldwide. In the stress-vulnerability model, suicidal behavior (SB) results from the interaction between an individual's predisposition and stressful condition. According to this model, individuals who carry a suicidal act when subjected to stress factors (environmental stress, depression, substance ...) are those which have a specific vulnerability.These vulnerabilities can be considered as clinical parameters (propensity to despair, aggressive and/or impulsive traits), neurobiological parameters (dysfunction of the serotonergic system, ...) and cognitive parameters (taking disadvantageous decision ...). Suicidal vulnerability is partly underpinned by genetic factors. The interest of current researches is to identify biomarkers that will improve the opportunities for early identification of subject with a risk for SB. The four goals of this project are in the continuity of previous works team: 1. To determine whether combinations of the main serotonin-related genes may better contribute to the vulnerability to SB, than when they are considered independently. 2. To assess whether the associations between these genes and SB are modulated by childhood trauma, life events and stress response associated with these environmental factors. 3. To test the value of combined clinical, neuropsychological and genetic factor for suicide prevention, in a prospective study, in particularity impulsivity and gene gene interaction. 4. To investigate the association between events in real life (using ecological momentary assessment) and emotional response and suicidal ideation. The investigators propose to use a multidisciplinary approach to answer these questions and, hence, be able to identify new prevention strategies for SB.