Entropic Suction Theory v2: Gravity, Redshift, and Cosmology Derived from Universal Entropic Bleed | Zenodo Skip to main Communities My dashboard Log in Sign up There is a newer version of the record available. Published May 2, 2026 | Version v6 Preprint Open Entropic Suction Theory v2: Gravity, Redshift, and Cosmology Derived from Universal Entropic Bleed Authors/Creators LeFever, Adam Description Entropic Suction Theory v2 (EST v2) is a unified theoretical framework deriving gravity, cosmological redshift, Newton’s gravitational constant, F=ma, and the equivalence principle from four axioms about energy, motion, work, and entropy. The central result is that gravity scales with total nucleon count, verified across nine solar system bodies to within 1.5%. Newton’s gravitational constant G is derived to 0.11% agreement with the measured value. The Hubble constant H₀ is identified as the natural resonant frequency of the substrate medium, derived from the per-dimension bleed rate of hydrogen’s zero-point motion. Cosmological redshift is shown to be intrinsic photon energy loss rather than metric expansion, reproducing the linear Hubble law without dark energy. F=ma and the equivalence principle are derived from nucleon coupling to the substrate, closed through Axiom 1: matter is energy, therefore inertial resistance equals rest energy divided by c². Original predictions include proton weakening over cosmic time rather than disappearance, a three-photon confinement endpoint, age-dependent stellar surface gravity, and radioactive decay as deterministic threshold failure rather than quantum probability. This submission includes the main reference document (Version 21), three technical supplements, and an origins paper documenting the discovery sequence from first principles. Files EST v2 Origins v3.docx.pdf Files (1.9 MB) Name Size Download all EST v2 Origins v3.docx.pdf md5:a377486f002db4f136ffe084d7ec013d 287.1 kB Preview Download EST v2 Response to Critiques.docx.pdf md5:7e6332999621de2bce6f1b33c92b6de3 191.6 kB Preview Download EST v2 Supplement3 v3.docx.pdf md5:264ab85be1c4e4ef632e7defde9ce29a 185.5 kB Preview Download EST v2 Supplement4 H0 Derivation.docx.pdf md5:431cf14ccb7a89abff54828ae16094d9 253.7 kB Preview Download EST v2 Supplement5 H0 as Frequency.docx.pdf md5:03a8e385b8e99fe9fefa0e16a51ea298 241.3 kB Preview Download EST v2 Supplement6 Photon Not Sound.docx.pdf md5:76571083b1e0d130c803d46cc4868baa 208.8 kB Preview Download EST v2 Supplement7 Shredding Not Stretching.docx.pdf md5:c78e9b69df2b8a68107b13c57c070dbd 200.3 kB Preview Download EST v2 Version22.docx.pdf md5:f22b34353e7202c1e7211986e1601676 318.8 kB Preview Download Additional details References Tiesinga, E. et al. (2021). CODATA Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants: 2018. Reviews of Modern Physics, 93, 025010. Planck Collaboration (2020). Planck 2018 results. VI. Cosmological parameters. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 641, A6. NASA Planetary Fact Sheets. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/ Dyson, F.W., Eddington, A.S., Davidson, C. (1920). A determination of the deflection of light by the Sun's gravitational field. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A, 220, 291–333. Eötvös, R.V., Pekár, D., Fekete, E. (1922). Beiträge zum Gesetze der Proportionalität von Trägheit und Gravität. Annalen der Physik, 373, 11–66. Dicke, R.H., Roll, P.G., Krotkov, R. (1964). The equivalence of inertial and passive gravitational mass. Annals of Physics, 26, 442–517. Braginsky, V.B., Panov, V.I. (1972). Verification of the equivalence of inertial and gravitational mass. Soviet Physics JETP, 34, 463–466. MICROSCOPE Collaboration, Touboul, P. et al. (2022). MICROSCOPE Mission: Final Results of the Test of the Equivalence Principle. Physical Review Letters, 129, 121102. Riess, A.G. et al. (2022). A Comprehensive Measurement of the Local Value of the Hubble Constant. The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 934, L7. Super-Kamiokande Collaboration, Takenaka, A. et al. (2020). Search for proton decay via p→e+π0 and p→μ+π0 with an enlarged fiducial volume in Super-Kamiokande. Physical Review D, 102, 112011. Hubble, E. (1929). A relation between distance and radial velocity among extra-galactic nebulae. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 15(3), 168–173. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.15.3.168 Zwicky, F. (1929). On the Redshift of Spectral Lines through Interstellar Space. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 15(10), 773–779. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.15.10.773 Michelson, A.A., Morley, E.W. (1887). On the Relative Motion of the Earth and the Luminiferous Ether. American Journal of Science, 34, 333–345. https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.s3-34.203.333 Roche, E.A. (1849). La figure d'une masse fluide soumise à l'attraction d'un point éloigné. Académie des sciences et des lettres de Montpellier, 1, 243–262. Rees, M.J. (1988). Tidal disruption of stars by black holes of 10⁶–10⁸ solar masses in nearby galaxies. Nature, 333, 523–528. https://doi.org/10.1038/333523a0 Cassini-Huygens Mission. NASA/ESA/ASI Saturn Ring Observations 2004–2017. https://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/ 978 Views 869 Downloads Show more details All versions This version Views Total views 978 69 Downloads Total downloads 869 20 Data volume Total data volume 298.7 MB 4.9 MB More info on how stats are collected.... Versions External resources Indexed in OpenAIRE Communities Keywords and subjects Keywords entropic suction theory gravity mechanism substrate nucleon Hubble constant cosmological redshift dark matter dark energy Cosmology physics gravity Alternative gravity model photon energy loss derivation of gravitational constan Details DOI DOI Badge DOI 10.5281/zenodo.19992461 Markdown [](https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19992461) reStructuredText .. image:: https://zenodo.org/badge/DOI/10.5281/zenodo.19992461.svg :target: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19992461 HTML <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19992461"><img src="https://zenodo.org/badge/DOI/10.5281/zenodo.19992461.svg" alt="DOI"></a> Image URL https://zenodo.org/badge/DOI/10.5281/zenodo.19992461.svg Target URL https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19992461 Resource type Preprint Publisher Zenodo Languages English Rights License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International The Creative Commons Attribution license allows re-distribution and re-use of a licensed work on the condition that the creator is appropriately credited. 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