The Primacy of Load Minimization and the Emergence of Individuality: Wave-Particle Duality and Scale Invariance in Praline Load Minimization Theory

This paper introduces the Praline Load Minimization Theory (PLMT), which posits load minimization as the fundamental optimization principle of the universe. We assume that load minimization is the primordial mechanism underlying all physical laws (公理1). Under this principle, individuality — localized coherence or the “individual aspect” — does not exist as a primary entity but emerges as an optimal strategy for minimizing variational load through synchronization with surrounding flows. Drawing on coupled oscillator models, we demonstrate that the wave-particle duality observed in elementary particles is a natural manifestation of individual-flow duality: the particle aspect maintains localized coherence, while the wave aspect enables delocalized interconnection. This duality operates as a load-minimization process, leading to stable synchronized states. The theory is scale-invariant, extending from quantum fields to biological and cognitive systems. In particular, Friston’s Free Energy Principle (FEP), which functions as a first principle for biological systems, is positioned as a special case of the more universal load minimization framework proposed here. By viewing individuality as an emergent strategy rather than a foundational given, PLMT offers a unified symbiotic perspective on quantum phenomena and macroscopic resonance, suggesting new bridges between physics, philosophy, and lived experience.