Skip to main Communities My dashboard Log in Sign up Published April 15, 2026 | Version 1.0 Preprint Open Optoelectronic Properties and Numerical Modeling of Non-Invasive Photoplethysmography (PPG) Authors/Creators Huang, Kuan-Wei (Project leader) 1 Show affiliations 1.
Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University Description Currently, there is an increasing interdisciplinary integration of biomedical engineering and microelectronic technology in both academic and practical applications. This synergy has significantly enhanced the accuracy of physiological parameter monitoring and achieved the core objective of real-time, continuous observation of physiological changes. Reflecting on past clinical medical practices, the measurement of key physiological indicators such as blood pressure, heart rate, and blood oxygen saturation often relied heavily on contact-based or invasive monitoring methods. Some traditional techniques, in addition to their cumbersome operating procedures, involve substantial costs in terms of both time and money. Take Electrocardiography (ECG) as an example; this monitoring technology requires attaching conductive electrodes to the subject, which not only limits the subject's mobility but also captures bioelectrical signals only at specific time points, making long-term home monitoring difficult to achieve. Regarding blood oxygen measurement, traditional standards often require invasive venous blood sampling followed by biochemical analysis in specialized laboratories. This process is not only time consuming but repeated sampling procedures can easily cause physiological discomfort and psychological burden to the subject. For chronic patients requiring frequent monitoring, the convenience offered by such methods is significantly insufficient. To overcome the limitations of these traditional monitoring methods, scholars in the biomedical field have actively engaged in deep collaborations with experts in electronics, electrical engineering, and information engineering in recent years. Their goal is to develop more stable and precise non-invasive sensing technologies. Among various sensing research areas, Photoplethysmography (PPG) technology is widely recognized as having the highest research and commercial application value. PPG technology primarily utilizes miniaturized optoelectronic components to detect periodic fluctuations in tissue blood volume associated with the heartbeat by measuring changes in the intensity of light transmitted through or reflected by the tissue. This technology possesses advantages such as low cost, high integration, and extreme miniaturization, allowing it to be easily embedded into various wearable devices like smartwatches and rings. Consequently, it has become a technical cornerstone for modern mobile medical and remote monitoring equipment. Through such non-invasive means, users can complete the collection of physiological data almost imperceptibly, greatly enhancing data integrity and the efficiency of medical monitoring. However, on its path toward high-precision clinical applications, PPG technology still faces numerous non-negligible physical interferences and challenges. Because the transmission of optical signals in biological tissues is extremely sensitive, differences in skin pigmentation affect the light absorption coefficient, leading to inconsistent measurement baselines across different populations. Furthermore, interference from intense ambient scattered light, as well as motion artifacts caused by the subject's daily activities, introduce significant amounts of random noise into the weak physiological signals. These external interference factors are critical keys affecting the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). If clean feature points cannot be effectively extracted from the corrupted waveforms, it will directly lead to distortions in heart rate or blood oxygen estimation. Therefore, numerical modeling and algorithm optimization targeting these interference sources have become core issues that urgently need breakthroughs in the current field of biomedical optoelectronic research. Files Optoelectronic Properties and Numerical Modeling of Non-Invasive Photoplethysmography.pdf Files (618.6 kB) Name Size Download all Optoelectronic Properties and Numerical Modeling of Non-Invasive Photoplethysmography.pdf md5:1fc4e752d749ea35c77bc7a5b0203407 618.6 kB Preview Download Additional details Software Programming language Python 35 Views 82 Downloads Show more details All versions This version Views Total views 35 35 Downloads Total downloads 82 82 Data volume Total data volume 55.7 MB 55.7 MB More info on how stats are collected.... Versions External resources Indexed in OpenAIRE Communities Keywords and subjects Keywords PPG, Dynamic Numerical Simulation System, Beer-Lambert Law, Signal Quality, Process Optimization Details DOI DOI Badge DOI 10.5281/zenodo.19595021 Markdown [](https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19595021) reStructuredText .. image:: https://zenodo.org/badge/DOI/10.5281/zenodo.19595021.svg :target: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19595021 HTML <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19595021"><img src="https://zenodo.org/badge/DOI/10.5281/zenodo.19595021.svg" alt="DOI"></a> Image URL https://zenodo.org/badge/DOI/10.5281/zenodo.19595021.svg Target URL https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19595021 Resource type Preprint Publisher Kuan-Wei Huang Rights License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International The Creative Commons Attribution license allows re-distribution and re-use of a licensed work on the condition that the creator is appropriately credited. 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