Skip to main Communities My dashboard Log in Sign up Pan-African Research Journal Africa Published November 27, 2026 | Version v1 Journal article Open Hacking of Electoral Systems: Real Threats, Perceived Vulnerabilities, and Mitigation: Lessons from the COVID-19 Pandemic Authors/Creators (Ph.D), Abraham Kuol Nyuon 1 Show affiliations 1.
Associate Professor of Politics, Peace, and Security Description This article examines Hacking of Electoral Systems: Real Threats, Perceived Vulnerabilities, and Mitigation: Lessons from the COVID-19 Pandemic with a focused emphasis on Morocco within the field of Law. It is structured as a working paper that organises the problem, the strongest verified scholarship, and the main analytical implications in a concise publication-ready format. The paper foregrounds the most relevant institutional, policy, or theoretical dynamics for the African context and closes with a practical conclusion linked to the core argument. Files zenodo.19548917.pdf Files (175.5 kB) Name Size Download all zenodo.19548917.pdf md5:d5d038fa513354a335a11fb357e68a5c 175.5 kB Preview Download Additional details References Börzel, T.A., & Zürn, M. (2021). Contestations of the Liberal International Order: From Liberal Multilateralism to Postnational Liberalism. International Organization. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0020818320000570 Meyfroidt, P., Bremond, A.D., Ryan, C.M., Archer, E., Aspinall, R., Chhabra, A., Câmara, G., Corbera, E., DeFries, R., Dı́az, S., Dong, J., Ellis, E.C., Erb, K., Fisher, J., Garrett, R., Golubiewski, N.E., Grau, H.R., Grove, J.M., Haberl, H., & Heinimann, A. (2022). Ten facts about land systems for sustainability. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2109217118 Pearsall, H., Gutiérrez-Vélez, V.H., Gilbert, M.R., Hoque, S., Eakin, H., Brondízio, E.S., Solecki, W., Toran, L., Baka, J., Behm, J.E., Brelsford, C., Hinrichs, C.C., Henry, K., Mennis, J., Roman, L.A., Rosan, C.D., South, E.C., & Valletta, R.D. (2021). Advancing equitable health and well-being across urban–rural sustainable infrastructure systems. npj Urban Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42949-021-00028-8 Shao, Q., Tao, R., & Luca, M.M. (2022). The Effect of Urbanization on Health Care Expenditure: Evidence From China. Frontiers in Public Health. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.850872 30 Views 15 Downloads Show more details All versions This version Views Total views 30 30 Downloads Total downloads 15 15 Data volume Total data volume 3.0 MB 3.0 MB More info on how stats are collected.... Versions External resources Indexed in OpenAIRE Communities Keywords and subjects Keywords Electoral Systems Real Systems Real Threats Real Threats Perceived Threats Perceived Vulnerabilities Electoral Systems Systems Real Details DOI DOI Badge DOI 10.5281/zenodo.19548917 Markdown [](https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19548917) reStructuredText .. image:: https://zenodo.org/badge/DOI/10.5281/zenodo.19548917.svg :target: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19548917 HTML <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19548917"><img src="https://zenodo.org/badge/DOI/10.5281/zenodo.19548917.svg" alt="DOI"></a> Image URL https://zenodo.org/badge/DOI/10.5281/zenodo.19548917.svg Target URL https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19548917 Resource type Journal article Publisher Zenodo Published in African Human Rights Law Review (Law/Social/Political crossover), 1(1), 2026. Languages English Rights License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International The Creative Commons Attribution license allows re-distribution and re-use of a licensed work on the condition that the creator is appropriately credited. Read more Citation Export Technical metadata Created April 13, 2026 Modified April 13, 2026 Jump up About About Policies Infrastructure Principles Projects Roadmap Contact Blog Blog Support Help FAQ Developers REST API OAI-PMH Contribute GitHub Donate Funded by Powered by CERN Data Centre & InvenioRDM Status Privacy policy Cookie policy Terms of Use This site uses cookies. Find out more on how we use cookies Accept all cookies Accept only essential cookies