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International Law Fallacy, Volume II: The Forfeiture of Sentient Beings in the Name of Law

Soltani, Sahar · 2026
PhilArchive · Papers · 2026
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philosophy
This volume advances the central prosecution of The International Law Fallacy by testing whether international law exists as the materially universal law above power that the international order claims it to be. Through sovereign debt exceptionalism, North Korea, Iraq, Afghanistan, Iran, Gaza, the United Nations system, International Criminal Court enforcement, and the continued operation of dog-and-cat trafficking and slaughter networks across China, Vietnam, and Southeast Asia, the volume examines the recurring conditions under which purportedly universal rules confront geopolitical power, strategic consequence, sovereign resistance, territorial access, institutional interest, and the absence of meaningful consequence. The resulting evidentiary record establishes a distinction fundamental to the volume's thesis: treaties, courts, institutions, conventions, resolutions, procedures, legal scholarship, diplomatic mechanisms, and international legal vocabulary indisputably exist, but their existence does not establish the existence of international law as materially universal law above power. The examination begins with sovereign debt exceptionalism, where standards presented as universal operate differently once reserve-currency dominance and geopolitical power become sufficiently concentrated. It then turns to North Korea, where decades of documented imprisonment, starvation, repression, surveillance, and generational suffering coexist with repeated assertions of humanitarian obligation, supra-sovereign authority, and international legal protection. The persistence of these conditions under uninterrupted global knowledge is treated not as evidence of an imperfect law struggling to operate, but as evidence against the material existence of the universal protective authority repeatedly claimed in its name. The volume next examines Iraq, Afghanistan, and Iran to test the relationship between sovereignty, intervention, hegemonic power, and legal restraint. The analysis includes the June 2025 Israel-Iran escalation and the renewed United States and Israeli strikes on Iran beginning February 28, 2026. These cases expose a recurring asymmetry in which legal vocabulary remains formally intact while its capacity to impose materially equivalent restraint changes according to the identity, alignment, retaliatory capacity, and geopolitical position of the actor involved. The Iran evidence therefore does not reveal merely a double standard within an otherwise universal legal order. It reinforces the volume's finding that purported international law becomes materially elastic at the precise point at which genuinely universal law would have to operate against power. Gaza provides a further test under conditions of extraordinary humanitarian visibility. The volume examines the persistence of mass civilian suffering, starvation, displacement, infrastructural destruction, and international documentation alongside the inability of proclaimed universal legal authority to generate materially equivalent protection. It further contrasts International Criminal Court enforcement under different conditions of custody, territorial access, state cooperation, and political willingness, including the divergence between arrest warrants issued in the Palestine situation and the arrest and transfer of Rodrigo Duterte to ICC custody in 2025. The comparison exposes the dependence of international criminal enforcement upon conditions supplied by sovereign and geopolitical power rather than upon the operation of an independently universal authority above it. The final annex isolates the problem through the continued persistence of industrial dog-and-cat trafficking and slaughter networks across Asia. Documented networks in China, Vietnam, and Southeast Asia have remained visible through decades of investigations, journalism, rescue operations, advocacy, public protest, and interna
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