Skip to main Communities My dashboard Log in Sign up Grow with Scientific Culture Published April 11, 2026 | Version v1 Journal article Open CRIMINAL LIABILITY FOR DAMAGES CAUSED BY NON-IONIZING RADIATION FROM MOBILE NETWORKS: TOWARDS MAQASID-AL-SHARIAH IN ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS (SDGS) Authors/Creators Rabab Anter, Yusuff Jelili Amuda (Contact person) 1 Show affiliations 1.
College of Law, Prince Sultan University, Saudi Arabia Description The expansion of mobile communication technology has significantly increased human exposure to non-ionizing radiation (NIR) emitted from mobile network base stations, antennas, and other wireless technologies. Although NIR has generally been perceived as less harmful than ionizing radiation, increasing scientific concern regarding its potential health effects suggests that prolonged or uncontrolled exposure may pose risks to human health and the environment. These concerns highlight the need for clearer legal accountability and regulatory oversight regarding radiation exposure associated with telecommunications infrastructure. This study examines the issue of criminal liability for damages arising from exposure to non-ionizing radiation emitted by mobile networks through the lens of the Maqasid al-Shariah framework, while linking the analysis to the developmental perspective of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). By integrating these perspectives, the study seeks to contribute to the broader discourse on legal responsibility, public health protection, and sustainable technological development. Methodologically, the study adopts a qualitative approach based on doctrinal legal analysis. It draws on the principles of criminal law, environmental law, and telecommunications law to evaluate the regulatory and legal dimensions of NIR exposure. The analysis is further strengthened by the Maqasid al-Shariah framework, which emphasizes the preservation of life, intellect, property, and public interest. Within this framework, the concept of public welfare (maslahah) provides a normative basis for safeguarding human health in the context of modern technological development. The study highlights the potential criminal liability of telecommunication companies arising from negligence, regulatory violations, or reckless conduct in the operation of telecommunications infrastructure, while also emphasizing the value of aligning Maqasid al-Shariah principles with the developmental goals of the United Nations SDGs. Files 498.SC3875 Ready final 1.pdf Files (346.5 kB) Name Size Download all 498.SC3875 Ready final 1.pdf md5:8a86b35fac949adfa91b9256dd688cf7 346.5 kB Preview Download 35 Views 23 Downloads Show more details All versions This version Views Total views 35 35 Downloads Total downloads 23 23 Data volume Total data volume 9.4 MB 9.4 MB More info on how stats are collected.... Versions External resources Indexed in OpenAIRE Communities Keywords and subjects Keywords Non-ionizing Radiation; Criminal Liability; Maqasid al-Shariah; Mobile Networks; Sustainable Development Goals. Details DOI DOI Badge DOI 10.5281/zenodo.19511805 Markdown [](https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19511805) reStructuredText .. image:: https://zenodo.org/badge/DOI/10.5281/zenodo.19511805.svg :target: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19511805 HTML <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19511805"><img src="https://zenodo.org/badge/DOI/10.5281/zenodo.19511805.svg" alt="DOI"></a> Image URL https://zenodo.org/badge/DOI/10.5281/zenodo.19511805.svg Target URL https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19511805 Resource type Journal article Publisher Zenodo Published in SCIENTIFIC CULTURE, 12(2.1), ISSN: 2407-9529, 2026. Rights License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International The Creative Commons Attribution license allows re-distribution and re-use of a licensed work on the condition that the creator is appropriately credited. Read more Citation Export Technical metadata Created April 11, 2026 Modified April 11, 2026 Jump up About About Policies Infrastructure Principles Projects Roadmap Contact Blog Blog Support Help FAQ Developers REST API OAI-PMH Contribute GitHub Donate Funded by Powered by CERN Data Centre & InvenioRDM Status Privacy policy Cookie policy Terms of Use This site uses cookies. Find out more on how we use cookies Accept all cookies Accept only essential cookies