Donal Grant

Note from John Bechard, creator of this Electronic text. Note from John Bechard, creator of this Electronic text. The following is a list of Scottish words which are found in George MacDonald’s Donal Grant . I have compiled this list myself and worked out the definitions from context with the help of Margaret West, from Leven in Fife, Scotland, and also by referring to a word list found in a collection of poems by Robert Burns, “Chamber’s Scots Dialect Dictionary from the 17th century to the Present,” c. 1911, and “Scots-English English-Scots Dictionary,” Lomond Books, c. 1998. I have tried to be as thorough as possible given the limited resources, and I welcome any feedback on this list which may be wrong (my e-mail address is JaBBechard@aol.com). This was never meant to be a comprehensive list of the National Scottish Language, but rather an aid to understanding some of the conversations and references in this text in the Broad Scots. I do apologise for any mistakes or omissions. I aimed for my list to be very comprehensive. It includes words that are obvious to native English speakers, only spelled in such a way to demonstrate the regional pronunciation. This list is a compressed form that consists of three columns for ‘word’, ‘definition’, and ‘additional notes’. It is set up with a comma between each item and a hard return at the end of each definition. This means that this section could easily be cut and pasted into its own text file and imported into a database or spreadsheet as a comma separated variable file (.csv file). Failing that, you could do a search and replace for commas in this section (I have not used any commas in my words, definitions or notes) and replace the commas with spaces or tabs. Word, Definition, Notes a’, all; every, also have a’ place, all places; everywhere, a’body, everyone; everybody, aboot, about, abro’d, abroad, abune, above; up; over, ac’, act, accep’, accept, accoont, account, accoontable, accountable, ae, one, ae-sidit, one-sided, aff, off; away; past; beyond, affrontit, affronted; disgraced, also ashamed; shamed afore, before; in front of, aforehan’, beforehand, aft, often, aften, often, again’, against; opposed to, also again ’ahint, behind; after; at the back of, ain, own, also one aipple, apple, airms, arms, also coat of arms; crest airmy, army, airt, quarter; direction; compass point, also art airy, chilly, ait, eat, aith, oath, aither, either, aitin’, eating, aiven, even, alane, alone, alang, along, alison, awl, alloo, allow, allooed, allowed, alloot, allowed, Almichty, Almighty; God, amen’s, amends, amo’, among, amoont, amount, an’, and, ance, once, ane, one, also a single person or thing anent, opposite to; in front of, also concerning Anerew, Andrew, ’aneth, beneath; under, angers, angers; makes angry, also grieves angert, angered; angry, also grieved angel-corbie, raven (sent from heaven), reference to 1 Kings 17:6 anither, another, An’rew, Andrew, answert, answered, appeart, appeared, approachin’, approaching, appruv, approve, a’ready, already, arena, are not, argle-barglet, bandied words; disputed; haggled, art and part, aiding and abetting, ashamet, ashamed, aside, beside, also aside askin’, asking, asun’er, asunder, ’at, that, aten, eaten, a’thegither, all together, a’thing, everything; anything, ’at’ll, that will, ’at’s, that is, ’atween, between, aucht, eight; eighth, also ought; own; possess auchteen, eighteen, auchty, eighty, auld, old, aulder, older, auldest, oldest, auld-farrand, old-fashioned, also droll; witty; quaint ava’, at all; of all, exclamation of banter; ridicule awa’, away; distant, aweel, ah well; well then; well, awfu’, awful, ay, yes; indeed, exclamation of surprise; wonder aye, yes; indeed, ’ayont, beyond; after, backbane, backbone, baggin’, swelling; bulging, bairn, child, bairnie, little child, diminutive bairnly, childish, baith, both, banes, bones, bangin’, banging, bangt, banged, barnflure, barn floor, becomin’, becoming, bed-claes, bedclothes, beery, bury, beggin’, begging, beggit, begged, beginnin’, beginning, behavet, behaved, bein’, being, beir, bear, beirin’, bearing; allowing, believin’, believing, belongin’, belonging, ben, in; inside; into; within; inwards, also inner room bena, be not; is not, beseekit, beseeched, bethinking (oneself), stopping to think; reflecting, bidden, abided; stayed, bide, endure; bear; remain; live, also desire; wish bidin’, enduring; bearing; remaining; living, also desiring; wishing biggin’, building, biggit, built, binna, be not, bit, but; bit, also small; little—diminutive blamin’, blaming, blaw, blow, blessin’, blessing, blessin’s, blessings, blin’, blind, blink, take a hasty glance; ogle, also shine; gleam; twinkle blude, blood, bludeshed, bloodshed, boady, body, body, person; fellow, also body bonnie, good; beautiful; pretty; handsome, boord, board (i.e. room and board), brainch, branch, brak, break, brakfast, breakfast, br’akin’, breaking, brawly, admirably; very; very much; well, breid, bread, brither, brother, brither man, fellowman; brother, broucht, brought, bude, would prefer to, buik, book, also Bible buildin’, building, b’un’, bound, burnin’, burning, buss, bush; shrub; thicket, buyin’, buying, by ord’nar, out of the ordinary; supernatural, also unusual; exceptional ca’, call; name, ca’d, called, cairriage, carriage, cairry, carry, callin’, calling, cam, came, cankerin’, souring; festering, also fretting can’le, candle, canna, cannot, carefu’, careful, caret, cared, carin’, caring, carryin’, carrying, ca’s, calls, castel, castle, cat, ointment, lit. soft clay or mud cauld, cold, cauld-hertit, cold-hearted, ’cause, because, cawpable, capable, ceevil, civil, ’cep’, except; but, chairge, charge, chappin’, knocking; hammering; striking, cheenge, change, cheengeable, changeable, cheengt, changed, cheep, chirp; creak; hint; word, cheir, chair, ch’ice, choice, chiel’, child; young person; fellow, term of fondness or intimacy chimley-piece, chimney piece; mantle, chuise, choose, claes, clothes; dress, clan, group; class; coterie, clankin’, clanking, clapper-clash, gossip, clash, blow; slap; mess, also gossip; tittle-tattle; tale-bearing clean, altogether; entirely, also comely; shapely; empty; clean clearin’, clearing, clim’, climb, cloods, clouds, cloot, clout; box (ear); beat; slap, also patch; mend close parin’, give a short measure, cobblet, cobbled, cobblin’, cobbling; shoemaking, comena, do not come, comfortin’, comforting, comin’, coming, comman’, command, comman’ments, commandments, committit, committed, comparet, compared, compleen, complain, compleenin’, complaining, comprehen’, comprehend, conceivin’, conceiving, concernin’, concerning, concernt, concerned, condescen’, condescend, conduc’, conduct, conneckit, connected, considert, considered, conteened, contained, contert, contradicted; thwarted, contrairy, contrary, contrive, design, convic’, convict, cooardly, cowardly, cooncil, council, coonsel, counsel, coont, count, coontenance, countenance, coontin’, counting, coontit, counted, coopered, tinkered up, coorse, coarse, also course coortin’, courting, corbie, crow; raven, corbie-steps, corbel steps, projections on a gable resembling a step correc’, correct, couldna, could not, crack, news; story; chat; gossip, cracks, news; stories; chats; gossip, craps, crops; produce of the field, cratur, creature, crawin’, crowing, creakin’, creaking, creepit, crept; crawled, cried, called; summoned, croont, crowned, cry, call; summon, cryin’, calling; summoning, cuist, cast, cunnin’, cunning, cuttit, cut; harvested, dacent, decent, danglin’, dangling, dauchter, daughter, daur, dare; challenge, daured, dared; challenged, daurna, dare not; do not dare, daursay, dare say, dawin’, dawning, Dawvid, David, declaret, declared, declarin’, declaring, ’deed, indeed, dee’d, died, dee’dna, did not die, deein’, doing, also dying dees, dies, deevil, devil, defen’, defend, deid, dead, deif, deaf, deifer, deafer, deil, devil, deith, death, denner, dinner, denyin’, denying, depen’, depend, describit, described, dewotit, devoted, didna, did not, differ, difference; dissent, also differ difficlety, difficulty, dignities, dignitaries, dignity, dignitary, din, sound; din; report; fame, dinna, do not, direc’, direct, direckit, directed, direckly, directly; immediately, dis, does, disapp’intit, disappointed, discipleen, discipline, discontentit, discontented, discoontenance, discountenance; refuse to approve of, discoorse, discourse, disgeist, digest, disgracin’, disgracing, disna, does not, disrespec’, disrespect, dist, dust, disturbit, disturbed, div, do, dochter, daughter, doesna, does not, dogsure, quite certain, doin’, doing, doo, dove, darling—term of endearment dooble, double; duplicate, also double dealing; devious doobt, suspect; know; doubt, have an unpleasant conviction doobtfu’, doubtful, doobtin’, suspecting; knowing, also doubting doobtless, doubtless, doobtna, do not suspect; do not know, also does not doubt doon, down, door-sill, threshold, doos, doves, dottlet, crazy; in dotage, douce, gentle; sensible; sober; prudent, dour, hard; stern; stiff; sullen, dowy, sad; lonely; depressing; dismal, also ailing doze, dose, drap, drop; small quantity of, drappin’, dropping, drappit, dropped, dreid, dread, dreidfu’, dreadful; dreadfully, dreidit, dreaded, drogues, drugs, drunken, drinking, du, do, duer, doer, duin’, doing, dull, deaf; hard of hearing, dune, done, dwall, dwell, dyke, wall of stone or turf, earth-dyke, wall of earth, Ebberdeen, Aberdeen, edder, adder, e’e, eye, eemage, image, een, eyes, e’en, even; just; simply, also eyes; evening efter, after; afterwards, efterwards, afterwards, elbuck, elbow, en’, end, encoonter, encounter, endeevour, endeavour, eneuch, enough, Englan’, England, enstance, instance, enterest, interest, er’, ere; before, etin, giant, also ogre exackly, exactly, excep’, except, expeckit, expected, experrience, experience, explainin’, explaining, fa’, fall; befall, fac’, fact, fac’s, facts; truths; realities, factor, manager of property, lets farms; collects rents; pays wages faddomless, fathomless, failt, failed, faimilies, families, faimily, family, faimily-name, family name; surname, fain, eager; anxious; fond, also fondly; gladly fa’in’, falling, fairmer, farmer, Faith!, Indeed!; Truly!, exclamation faither, father, faithfu’, faithful, fallow, fellow; chap, fancyin’, fancying, fa’s, falls, faund, found, fause, false, fau’t, fault; blame, fauvour, favour, fauvoured, favoured, fearfu’, fearful; easily frightened, fears, makes afraid; frightens; scares, fearsome, terrifying; fearful; awful, feart, afraid; frightened; scared, feathert, feathered, feelin’, feeling, fell, very; potent; keen; harsh; sharp, intensifies; also turf feow, few, fess, fetch, fillsna, does not fill, fin’, find; feel, fit, foot; base, also fit; capable; able fittin’, fitting, fittit, fitted, fivver, fever, fixtur, fixture, flangna, did not kick; did not throw, flee, fly (insect), flingin’, kicking; throwing, flit, shift; remove; depart, followt, followed, forbeirs, ancestors; forefathers, forby, as well; as well as; besides, also over and above forepairt, front part, also early part (e.g. of the night) forgettin’, forgetting, fortin, fortune, fowk, folk, frae, from, frae hame, away; not at home, freely, quite; very; thoroughly, freen’, friend; relation, freen’ly, friendly, freen’s, friends; relations, fricht, frighten; scare away, also fright frichtit, frightened; scared away, fu’, full; very; much, fule, fool, fulish, foolish, full, fully, also full f’un’, found, f’undation, foundation, furnisht, furnished, furreign, foreign, furth, forth, fut, foot, futur, future, gae, gave, gaed, went, gaedna, did not go, gaein’, going, gaein’s, goings, gairden, garden, gait, way; fashion, also route; street gaither, gather, gaitherin’, gathering, gane, gone, gang, go; goes; depart; walk, gangin’, going; walking, gangin’s, goings, gangs, goes; walks, gar, cause; make; compel, gars, makes; causes; compels, gat, got, gauin’, going, German Ocean, old reference to the English Channel & North Sea gether, gather, gethert, gathered, gettin’, getting, gey, fairly; considerable, ghaist, ghost; soul; spirit, gie, give, gied, gave, giedst, gave; gaveth (King James style), giein’, giving, gien, if; as if; then; whether, also given gi’en, given, gies, gives, girn, grimace; snarl; twist the features, girned, grimaced; snarled; twisted features, also found fault girnin’, grimacing; snarling, git, get; acquire, glaid, glad, glaidness, gladness, glaiss, glass, gleg, quick; lively; smart; quick-witted, glimp, glimpse; glance, also the least degree gloamin’, twilight; dusk, glower, stare; gaze; scowl, glowert, stared; gazed; scowled, gluves, gloves, God-fearin’, God-fearing, gowk, cuckoo; fool; blockhead, gran’, grand; capital; first-rate, gran’child, grandchild, gran’er, grander, gran’father, grandfather, grantin’, granting, grâtis, free; gratuitous, greit, cry; weep, greitin’, crying; weeping, grip, grasp; understand, grippin’, gripping, grit, great, grit-gran’mother-tongue, great grandmother-tongue, groanin’, groaning, growin’, growing, grue, feeling of horror; tremor, also tremble gruntin’, grunting, grup, grip; grasp, grutch, grudge, guid, good, also God guidman, master; husband; head of household, also farmer guidwife, mistress of the house; wife, also farmer’s wife gurly, threatening to be stormy, also growling; boisterous ha’, hall; house hadna, had not, hae, have; has, haein’, having, haena, have not, haibitable, habitable, haill, whole, hailstanes, hailstones, Haith!, Faith!, exclamation of surprise halesome, wholesome; pure, half-ways, half; partly, hame, home, hame-like, like home, han’, hand, handiwark, handiwork, handy, near by; close at hand, han’fu’, handful, hangin’, hanging, hangt, hanged, han’led, handled; treated, han’let, handled, han’lin’, handling, han’s, hands, han’some, handsome, hantle, much; large quantity; far, happed, happened, happent, happened, h’ard, heard, hardenin’, hardening, hasna, does not have, hathenish, heathenish, haud, hold; keep, hauden, held; kept, haudin’, holding; keeping, h’aven, heaven, h’avenly, heavenly, hawt, hawked; cleared the throat, also hesitated healin’, healing, heap, very much, also heap hearin’, hearing, hearken, hearken; hear; listen, hearkenin’, hearkening; listening, hearkent, hearkened; heard; listened, heels ower heid, topsy-turvy, heicher, higher, heid, head; heading, heild, held, helpit, helped, herd, herd-boy; cow-boy, also herd herd-laddie, herd-boy; cow-boy, hermonious, harmonious, hermony, harmony, hersel’, herself, hert, heart, hert-brak, heartbreak, hertily, heartily, het, hot; burning, hidin’, hiding, hielan’s, highlands, himsel’, himself, hin’er, hinder, hing, hang, hingin’, hanging, hit, it, emphatic hiz, us, emphatic honourt, honoured, hoo, how, hooever, however, hoor, hour, hoose, house, hoosekeep, keep house, hoosekeeper, housekeeper, hoot, pshaw, exclamation of doubt or contempt hoots, pshaw, exclamation of doubt or contempt hose, stocking, houp, hope, houpless, hopeless, howk, dig; excavate, howkit, dug; excavated, howlin’, howling, hoydenish, inelegant, hue, look; appearance, hummt, stammered; spoke hesitatingly, also murmured hungert, starved, i’, in; into, I doobt, I know; I suspect, ilk, every; each, also common; ordinary ilka, every; each, also common; ordinary ill, bad; evil; hard; harsh; badly, also misfortune; harm ’ill, will, ill-mainnert, ill-mannered, ill-pleast, not pleased; unhappy, ill-used, used wrongly, ill-usin’, using wrongly, ’im, him, implorin’, imploring, impruvt, improved, in the sulks, sullen, ineequities, iniquities, ingle-neuk, chimney-corner or recess; fireside, inquirin’, inquiring, intendit, intended, intil, into; in; within, inveesible, invisible, ir, are, isna, is not, i’stead, instead, ither, other; another; further, ithers, others, itherwise, otherwise, itsel’, itself, jaud, lass; girl; worthless woman, old worn-out horse jeally, jelly, jeedge, judge, jeedgment, judgement, j’in, join, jist, just, justifee, justify, justifeein’, justifying, keek, look; peep; spy, keepin’, keeping, keepit, kept, ken, know; be acquainted with; recognise, kenna, do not know, kenned, known; knew, kennin’, knowing, kens, knows, kent, known; knew, killin’, killing, kin’, kind; nature; sort; agreeable, also somewhat; in some degree kin’ness, kindness, kirk, church, kirk-session, lowest Presbyterian Church court, oversees congregation kirk-time, time to go to church, kirkyard, churchyard, kissin’, kissing, kist, chest; coffer; box; chest of drawers, knockin’, knocking, knockit, knocked, lad, boy, term of commendation or reverence laddie, boy, term of affection laich, low; inferior, laichest, lowest, lairger, larger, laistit, lasted, Laitin, Latin, lan’, land; country; ground, lane, lone; alone; lonely; solitary, lanely, lonely, lanesome, lonesome, lang, long; big; large; many, also slow; tedious langer, longer, lan’lord, landlord, lass, girl; young woman, term of address lassie, girl, term of endearment lat, let; allow, latna, let not; do not let, latten, let; allowed, lattin’, letting; allowing, lauch, laugh, lauchin’, laughing, lave, rest; remainder; others, also leave laverock, lark (type of bird), lea’, leave, learnin’, learning, also teaching learnit, learned, learnt, learned, also taught leavin’, leaving, leddy, lady, also boy; lad; laddy leddyship, ladyship, leeberty, liberty, lees, lies, leevin’, living; living being, leevit, lived, len’th, length, leuch, laughed, ley, leave, licht, light, lichten, lighten, lichter, lighter, lichtest, lightest, lichtit, lighted, lickin’, thrashing; punishment, lift, load; boost; lift; helping hand, also sky; heavens liftin’, lifting, liftit, lifted, like, like; likely to; looking as if to, also as it were; as if likin’, liking, likit, liked, lines, any written or printed authorities, lippen, trust; depend on, also look after lippent, trusted; depended on, also looked after listenin’, listening, livin’, living, ’ll, will, loaf-breid, wheaten loaf (of bread), lockit, locked, lodgin’, lodging, lo’e, love, lo’ed, loved, lo’ein’, loving, lo’es, loves, lood, loud, lookin’, looking, lookit, looked, loot, let; allowed; permitted, losin’, losing, lovesna, does not love, lowlan’s, lowlands, lowse, loose; free, also dishonest; immoral ludgin’, lodging, lugs, ears, luik, look, luikin’, looking, luikit, looked, lyin’, lying, mainner, manner, mair, more; greater, mairch, march, maist, most; almost, ’maist, almost, maister, master; mister, maistly, mostly; most of all, maitter, matter, mak, make; do, makin’, making; doing, makker, maker; God, manse, Scottish minister’s official residence, mattin’, matting, maun, must; have to, maunna, must not; may not, mayna, may not, meanin’, meaning, meenute, minute, meeserable, miserable, meetin’, meeting, mem, Ma’am; Miss; Madam, men’, mend, men of Gotham, wise men who play the fools, refers to an English fable men’in’, mending; healing, men’it, mended; healed, mentiont, mentioned, merriet, married, merry, marry, also merry merryin’, marrying, micht, might, michtna, might not, michty, mighty; God, mickle, great; big; much; abundant; very, also important; proud mids, midst; middle, min’, mind; recollection, also recollect; remember minnie, mother; mommy, pet name minnisters, ministers, min’s, minds; reminds; recollects, mirk, darkness; gloom; night, mirracle, miracle, mischance, misfortune; bad luck, mischeef, mischief; injury; harm, misdoobt, doubt; disbelieve; suspect, misguidit, wasted; mismanaged; ill-used, mistak, mistake, mither, mother, mither-tongue, mother-tongue, Mononday, Monday, mony, many, moo’, mouth, moo’s, mouths, moose, mouse, mornin’, morning, mouldy, dirty; soiled, muckle, huge; enormous; big; great; much, muir, moor; heath, munelicht, moonlight, m’untain, mountain, murdert, murdered, muvs, moves; affects, my lane, on my own, mysel’, myself, na, not; by no means, nae, no; none; not, naebody, nobody; no one, naething, nothing, naither, neither, nait’ral, natural, nane, none, natur, nature, nearhan’, nearly; almost; near by, neb, tip; point; nib; beak, necessar’, necessary, neebour, neighbour, needsna, does not need to, neeper, neighbour, negleckit, neglected, neist, next; nearest, news, talk; gossip, nicht, night; evening, nigh, near; nearly, nip, smart; squeeze; bite; pinch, also cheat; steal no, not, noo, now, nor, than; although; if, also nor nowt, cattle; oxen, o’, of; on, obeddience, obedience, obeyin’, obeying, objec’, object, observt, observed, occurrt, occurred, offerin’, offering, ohn, without; un-, uses past participle not present progressive on a suddent, suddenly; all of a sudden, ony, any, onybody, anybody; anyone, onygait, anyway, onything, anything, onyw’y, anyway, oonbelief, unbelief, oondefent, undefended, oongratefu’, ungrateful, oonholy, unholy, oonlikly, unlikely, oonseen, unseen, oor, our, oors, ours, oorsel’s, ourselves, oot, out, ootside, outside, ootward, outward, open-hertit, open-hearted, openin’, opening, oppresst, oppressed, or, before; ere; until; by, also or ord’nar, ordinary; usual; natural, also custom; habit oucht, anything; all, also ought ouchtna, ought not, ow, oh, exclamation of surprise ower, over; upon; too, owerbeirin’, overbearing, owercome, overcome; recover, pack, property; belongings, pailace, palace, pairt, part, pairties, parties, parin’, paring; cutting off the surface, parritch, oatmeal porridge, partic’lar, particular, pat, put; made, pattren, pattern, peacefu’, peaceful, pecooliar, peculiar, peety, pity, perris, parish, perswaud, persuade, pey, pay, peyin’, paying, peyment, payment, peyt, paid, p’int, point, plack, the smallest coin, worth 1/3 of a penny plaguin’, plaguing, plaister, plaster, playin’, playing, pleasin’, pleasing, pleast, pleased, pleesur, pleasure, pluckit, plucked, pooches, pockets, pooer, power, potterin’, pottering, praist, praised, prayin’, praying, preejudice, prejudice, preejudized, prejudiced, preevilege, privilege, prefar, prefer, preparin’, preparing, preshume, presume, press, wall-cupboard with shelves, preten’, pretend, prevailt, prevailed, prood, proud, protec’, protect, providin’, providing, prowlin’, prowling, pu’, pull, pu’d, pulled, puir, poor, pullin’, pulling, pu’pit, pulpit, pushin’, pushing, putten, put, puttin’, putting, quaiet, quiet, quaietly, quietly, queston, question, quo’, swore; said; quoth, ragin’, raging, raither, rather, rampaugin’, rampaging, rattlin’, rattling, readin’, reading, rebukit, rebuked, recollec’, recollect, reid, red, reivin’, plundering; robbing, also roaming; straying remaint, remained, repentit, repented, resolvt, resolved, respec’, respect, richt, right; correct, also mend richteous, righteous, richteousness, righteousness, rin, run, ringin’, ringing, rinnin’, running, rist, rest, rive, rent; tear; tug; wrench, rizzon, reason, rizzonable, reasonable, roarin’, roaring, ro’d, road; course; way, ro’d-side, roadside, romage, disturbance, romour, rumour, roomie, little room, diminutive roon’, around; round, rouch, rough, rouchly, roughly, routit, bellowed; made a loud noise, also poked about; cleared out row, roll; wrap up; wind, rudimen’s, rudiments, rum’lin’s, rumblings, rute, root, ’s, us; his; as; is, also has s’, shall, sacrets, secrets, sae, so; as, saft, muddy; soft; silly; foolish, safter, muddier; softer; sillier, saidna, did not say, sair, sore; sorely; sad; hard; very; greatly, also serve sair-hertit, sad of heart, saitisfee, satisfy, sall, shall, sanct, saint, sarks, shirts, sattle, settle, sattlet, settled, sattlin, settling; deciding, savin’, saving, also except Sawbath, Sabbath; Sunday, Sawbath-day, Sabbath day; Sunday, saxpence, sixpence, say, speech; saying; proverb, sayin’, saying, scaret, scared, school-maister, schoolmaster, scriptur, Scripture, scunnert, disgusted; loathed, scushlin, slide; shuffle in walking, seein’, seeing, seekin’, seeking, seemile, simile, seemna, do not seem, seemt, seemed, seesna, does not see, sel’, self, sellin’, selling, semple, simple; of low birth, sen’, send, sen’in’, sending, servan’, servant, servan’s, servants, setna, do not set, Setterday, Saturday, settin’, setting, shakin’, shaking, shamefu’, modest; shy; bashful, sharper, sharper; rougher; coarser, also more clever shaw, show; reveal, also grove shelterin’, sheltering, shillin’, shilling, shiverin’, shivering, shochle, shake about; joggle; stagger, shoothers, shoulders, shoots, shouts, shouldna, should not, shue, shoe, shuit, suit, shune, shoes, shutten, shut, sic, such; so; similar, sicht, sight, siclike, suchlike; likewise, like such a person or thing sidewise, sideways, siller, silver; money; wealth, simmer, summer, sin, since; ago; since then, also sin; sun sin’, since; ago; since then, sittin’, sitting, skean dhu, knife; dirk; short-sword, slaverin’, slobbering; talking fast; flattering, sleepit, slept, sma’, small; little; slight; narrow; young, sma’est, smallest; littlest; slightest; narrowest, smugglet, concealed; hid, sodger, soldier, some, somewhat; rather; quite; very, also some somewhaur, somewhere, soon’, sound, soon’s, sounds, soop, sweep; brush, sornin’, taking food or lodging; sponging, taking by force of threat soucht, sought, sowl, soul, spak, spoke, spang, leap; bound; spring; span, spark, speck; spot; blemish; atom, speakin’, speaking, speakna, speak not; do not speak, speerit, spirit, speir, ask about; enquire; question, speiredna, did not ask about or enquire, speirin’, asking about; enquiring; questioning, speirt, asked about; enquired; questioned, spellin’, spelling, speyk, speak, sp’ilt, spoiled, stair, stairs; staircase, stamack, stomach, stammert, staggered; stumbled; faltered, stan’, stand; stop, stan’in’, standing, stan’s, stands, startit, started, stealin’, stealing, steek, shut; close; clench, also stitch (as in clothing) steer, stir; disturbance; commotion; fuss, stick, stick; gore; butt with horns, stickin’, sticking; goring, stiles, gates; passages over a wall, stime, glimpse; glance; least particle, faintest form of an object stoot, stout; healthy; strong; plucky, stoppit, stopped, story-buik, storybook, strae, straw, strak, struck, stramash, uproar; tumult; fuss; brawl, straucht, straighten; straight, stren’th, strength, stude, stood, sud, should, suddent, sudden; suddenly, sudna, should not, sune, soon; early, suner, sooner, sun’ert, sundered, supposin’, supposing, sutors, shoemakers; cobblers, swarmin’, swarming, sweir, swear, sweirin’, swearing, swingin’, swinging, syne, ago; since; then; at that time, also in (good) time ’t, it, ta, to, tae, toe; also tea, also the one; to ta’en, taken; seized, taibernacles, tabernacles, taich, teach, tak, take; seize, takin’, taking, takna, do not take, taksna, does not take, talkin’, talking, tane, the one, tanneree, tannery, tap, top; tip; head, taucht, taught, tauld, told, teep, type, teetin’, peeping; stealing a glance, teetle, title, telled, told, tellin’, telling, tellt, told, ten’ency, tendency, ten’er, tender, ten’erest-hertit, most tender-hearted, thae, those; these, than, then, also than thankfu’, thankful, thankfu’ness, thankfulness, thankit, thanked, the day, today, the morn, tomorrow, the nicht, tonight, the noo, just now; now, thegither, together, themsel’s, themselves, thereawa’, thereabouts; in that quarter, thinkin’, thinking, thinkna, do not think, thinksna, does not think, this day week, in a week’s time; a week from now, also a week ago this mony a day, for some time, thoo, thou; you (God), thoucht, thought, thrashen, threshed, thraw, throw; turn; twist, threid, thread, threip, argue obstinately, also maintain by dint of assertion thro’t, throat, throttlin’, throttling, throuw, through, til, to; till; until; about; at; before, timorsome, timorous; fearful; nervous, tither, the other, tod, fox, toddlin’, toddling; walking unsteadily, toon, town; village, toon-fowk, town folk; city folk, toor, tower, toot-moot, low muttering conversation, touchin’, touching, traivel, travel, traivellin’, travelling, traivelt, travelled, tramp, trudge, also tramp transplantit, transplanted, treatin’, treating, trem’lin’, trembling, tre’t, treat, trible, trouble, tribled, troubled, triblet, troubled, trimlin’, trembling, trowth, truth; indeed, also used as an exclamation trustit, trusted, tryin’, trying, ’tsel’, itself, tu, too; also, tuik, took, turnin’, turning, turnpike-stair, narrow spiral staircase, turnt, turned, twa, two; a few, twalmonth, twelvemonth; year, twasome, couple; pair, twise, twice, unco, unknown; odd; strange; uncouth, also very great un’erstan’, understand, un’erstan’in’, understanding, un’erstan’s, understands, un’erstan’t, understood, unlockit, unlocked, up the stair, upstairs, also to heaven upbringin’, upbringing, uphaud, uphold; maintain; support, upo’, upon; on to; at, upsettin’, forward; ambitious; stuck-up; proud, uttert, uttered, varily, verily; truly, varra, very, veesitation, visitation, veesitin’, visiting, veesitit, visited, veesits, visits, verra, very; true; real, v’ice, voice, vooed, vowed, wa’, wall, also way; away wad, would, wadna, would not, waitin’, waiting, waitit, waited, wan’erin’, wandering, wantin’, wanting; lacking; without; in want of, wantit, wanted, war, were, wark, work; labour, warkin’, working, warklessness, inability to work, warl’, world; worldly goods, also a large number warl’s, worlds, warna, were not, warnin’, warning, warran’, warrant; guarantee, warst, worst, warstle, wrestle, wa’s, walls, also ways wasna, was not, wastena, do not waste, watter, water, wauges, wages, wauk, wake, waukin’, waking, waukit, woke, waur, worse, also spend money wawves, waves, wayfarin’, wayfaring, weather-cock, place where criminals were kept, refers to churchsteeple weddin’, wedding, wee, small; little; bit, also short time; while weel, well; fine, weel-behavet, well-behaved, weel-kent, well-known; familiar, weicht, weight, weir, wear, also hedge; fence; enclosure weirer, wearer, wha, who, whaever, whoever, whan, when, wha’s, who is, also whose whase, whose, What for no?, Why not?, What for?, Why?, whate’er, whatever, whauls, whales, whaur, where, whaurat, wherefore, whaurever, wherever, whauron, whereon, whause, whose, wheen, little; few; number; quantity, whiles, sometimes; at times; now and then, whilk, which, whustlin’, whistling, wi’, with, willin’, willing, win, reach; gain; get; go; come, win’, wind, winna, will not, winnin’, reaching; gaining; getting, win’s, winds, winsome, large; comely; merry, withoot, without, won, reached; gained; got, won’er, wonder; marvel, won’erfu’, wonderful; great; large, won’erin’, wondering, woo’, wool, worryin’, worrying, wouldna, would not, wow, woe, exclamation of wonder or grief or satisfaction wrang, wrong; injured, wranged, wronged, wrangs, wrongs, wrangt, wronged, wringin’, wringing, writin’, writing, wud, wood; forest, adj.-enraged; angry; also would wudna, would not; will not, wull, will; wish; desire, also astray; stray; wild wullin’, willing; wanting, wullin’ly, willingly, wuman, woman, wur, lay out, also were wuss, wish, w’y, way, wynds, narrow lanes or streets; alleys, w’ys, ways, wyte, blame; reproach; fault, ye, you; yourself, year, years, also year ye’ll, you will, yer, your, yerd, yard; garden, ye’re, you are, yerl, earl, yersel’, yourself, yon, that; those; that there; these, yon’er, yonder; over there; in that place, yon’s, that is; that (thing) there is, yoong, young, yoonger, younger, yoongest, youngest, Zacchay, Zaccheus, see Luke 19

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