SUMMARY OF PRELIMINARY TREATY OF PEACE A Air Raids, at night, III, 229 - 241 ; British, II, 249; on England, I, 375-388 Albert, King of Belgium, I, 114-115; encourages soldiers, I, 51, 53 Albert, town of, III, 164 Alcedo torpedoed, II, 374-378 Alderson, General, at Second Ypres, I, 258 Aleppo, importance as railway junction, II, 180; starting point for caravans, II, 178 Alien enemies, rules concerning, II, 239-243 Allenby, General, at Gommecourt, II. 75; commands in Palestine, II, 344-368; in Allied retreat, I, 65-67 Allied Armies, in Macedonia, III, 170 ; positions in Battle of the Marne, I, 78, 81, 90-93 Alsace, operations in, I, 84 America Drawn Into War, II, 205-225; bad faith of Germans, II, 210; sinking of Lusitania , II, 210; stirred by invasion of Belgium, II, 208; Sussex , II, 212 America's Break with Germany, relations severed, II, 197-198; reasons for, II, 194-204 America's Declaration of Existence of War, II, 224-225 American Expeditionary Forces, a corps, III, 242 - 243 ; a division, III, 242 ; airplanes, III, 248 ; artillery supply, III, 247 ; artillery training camp, III, 202 ; attack in the Soissonais, III, 224 ; aviators, III, 269 ; communication and supply, III, 244 - 246 ; construction work, III, 244 ; Engineer Corps, III, 216 , 269 ; fight through Meuse-Argonne sector, III, 256 - 267 ; First and Second in Soissons drive, III, 252 ; First Army is organized, III, 254 ; first days on the firing line, III, 200 - 209 ; First Division at Montdidier, III, 250 ; First Division takes Cantigny, III, 250 ; Forty-second Division east of Rheims, III, 251 ; Forty-second and Thirty-second at Cierges, III, 253 ; from the Marne to the Aisne, III, 210 - 228 ; German supply line cut, III, 266 ; infantry training, III, 243 ; line on date of armistice, III, 267 ; losses of, III, 268 ; Medical Corps, III, 268 ; Ordnance Department, III, 269 ; organization of, III, 242 - 248 ; plans for movement against St. Mihiel salient, III, 254 ; ports employed, III, 245 ; quality of soldiers, III, 228 ; Quartermaster's Department, III, 269 ; Second and Thirty-sixth with French, III, 261 - 262 ; Second Army organized, III, 263 ; Second Corps organized on British front, III, 251 ; Second Division takes Bouresches, Belleau Wood and Vaux, III, 250 - 251 ; Service of Supply, III, 245 - 247 , 268 ; Signal Corps, III, 269 ; soldiers in Italy, III, 268 ; soldiers in Russia, III, 268 ; take St. Mihiel salient, III, 254 - 257 ; ten divisions train on British front, III, 250 ; Tank Corps, III, 269 ; Third Division on the Marne, III, 250 - 252 ; Thirty-seventh and Ninety-first in Belgium, III, 264 ; three divisions on the Vesle, III, 253 ; troops in the Argonne, III, 258 - 266 ; Twenty-eighth Division east of Rheims, III, 251 ; Twenty-seventh and Thirtieth Divisions break Hindenburg line, III, 261 ; Twenty-sixth at Seicheprey, III, 249 ; Twenty-sixth takes Torcy, III, 253 American Navy in the War, III, 270 - 296 ; activities of Y.M.C.A. and Knights of Columbus, III, 287 - 288 ; air stations in Ireland, III, 278 ; aviation base at Eastleigh, III, 281 ; base at Cardiff, Scotland, III, 286 ; Battleship Division Nine, III, 278 ; convoy of troops, III, 282 ; co-operates with Allies, III, 271 - 273 ; cross-channel transport service, III, 280 ; destroyers on coast of Ireland, III, 275 ; destroyers at Brest, III, 282 - 283 ; forces at Gibraltar, III, 286 ; mine-laying operations, III, 279 ; naval pipe-line unit, III, 286 ; northern bombing group of seaplanes, III, 281 ; seaplane station at Killingholme, III, 280 ; radio station near Bordeaux, III, 285 ; railway battery, III, 285 - 286 ; Rear-Admiral Rodgers, III, 276 ; subchasers, III, 277 ; subchasers at Corfu, III, 286 ; subchasers at Plymouth, III, 280 ; submarines, III, 276 ; Vice-Admiral Wilson on French coast, III, 281 - 282 American Food Commission, II, 163 American Railway Association, aids war preparations, II, 332 American ships torpedoed, II, 286 Amiens, capture of, I, 82 Ancre, Battle of the, Beaumont taken, II, 109 Ancre and Somme, lines between, II, 71 Anglo-Russian Campaign in Turkey, II, 174-187; British save oil fields, II, 181; British in Kut-el-Amara, II, 181; Russians in Caucasia, II, 183-186 Anzac, meaning of term, I, 224 Arbuthnot, Rear-Admiral Sir Robert, death of, II, 52; ships are disabled, II, 41 Ardent , at Jutland Bank, II, 52 Argonne, American army prepares for battle, III, 258 ; Americans open battle, III, 259 ; character of ground, III, 258 ; divisions engaged, III, 266 ; is cleared of enemy, III, 263 ; prisoners taken, III, 266 Armenia, Russians in, I, 184 Armistice, duration of, III, 304 - 305 ; November 11, 1918, III, 266 ; signatories, III, 305 ; terms of, III, 297 - 305 Artillery, work of, in Argonne, III, 259, 261 Asia, routes, II, 177-178 Atrocities, in Belgium and Serbia, II, 223 Australians, at Gallipoli, I, 222-224; in Palestine, II, 350 Austria-Hungary, army and navy reorganized, I, 8; condition on Bulgaria's capitulation, III, 181 ; orders partial mobilization, I, 24-25; seeks control of Constantinople, I, 126; sends ultimatum to Serbia, I, 14 Austria-Hungary and Russia, mutual antagonism of, I, 8 Austrians, on Col di Lana, II, 55-65; in the Alps, I, 315-319; use 17-inch howitzers, III, 78 Austro-German Offensive Against Italy, III, 71 - 100 Austro-Italian front, II, 56 Aviation, American naval, in Europe, under Captain Cone, III, 286 ; American naval air stations in England, III, 280 - 281 ; American naval air stations in France, III, 283 - 285 ; American naval air stations in Ireland, III, 278 ; German air raids, I, 375, 383; III, 229 - 241 ; report on Jerusalem, II, 362; Royal Flying Corps at Mons, I, 73 Avocourt, attack on, II, 22; retaken by French, II, 19 Avocourt Wood, stormed by Germans, II, 18 Ayesha , cruise of the, I, 184-189 B Bainsizza Plateau, evacuated, III, 80 ; fighting on, III, 78 Baker, Newton D., Secretary of War, II, 298-343 Balkan Nations, I, 127-128 Balkan Railway, II, 179 Balkan War, danger to Turkey, I, 134 Basra, threatened, II, 181 Battle Lines, Map of, III, 227 Bayly, Admiral Sir Lewis, commands destroyer forces, III, 275 Beatty, Admiral, reports on Jutland Battle, II, 31-40 Beaumont, captured, II, 109 Beau Repaire Farm, III, 252 Belgian Army, heroism at Liege, I, 45; retreats to Ostend, I, 106; spirit of soldiers, I, 113, 122; stand in Belgium, I, 101 Belgium, conditions better than in France, II, 167; dangers for, I, 17; French army in, I, 100-101; German rule in, II, 159-173; invasion of, I, 41-61; last ditch in, I, 108-124; neutrality of, I, 31-32; war in, I, 106-107 Belleau Wood, taken, III, 251 Berzy-le-Sec, captured, III, 252 Bethmann-Hollweg, Herr von, opinion, I, 25-26 Birdwood, General, plans of, I, 370-371 Bismarck Fort, I, 216 Black Prince , sunk, II, 52 Black Sea, closing of, I, 135-137 Bohemia, National Assembly of, III, 186 Bohlen, Herr Krupp von, opinion of, I, 20 Bollati, Signor, views on German Government, I, 18-19 "Boris the Bulgar," III, 63 Boulogne, objective, I, 103 Bouresches, taken, III, 251 Boy-Ed, Captain, violates American neutrality, II, 288 Bridge of Arches, I, 47 Briggs, Lieutenant General, operations at Saloniki, II, 252 Brilliant , at Ostend, III, 111 - 112 , 118 Bristol , in Falkland fight, I, 161-172 British Admiralty, I, 283-284 British and French, cooperation in Somme attack, II, 75, 86, 89 British Armies, advance in Marne battle, I, 80-82; in capture of Tsing-Tao, I, 205-220; growth of, II, 67; in the Great Retreat, I, 86-89; on Italian front, III, 83 ; remove from Aisne, I, 99-100; retreat in Picardy, III, 162 - 163 ; transported to northern theater, I, 99 British Empire, in Africa, III, 50 British Navy, arrival of squadron at Port Stanley, I, 161-162; at Jutland Bank, II, 32-54; in Coronel sea fight, I, 141-157; in Falkland Battle, I, 157-175; Grand Fleet, II, 30; at Zeebrugge and Ostend, III, 101 - 118 British Troops in Mesopotamia, advance up Tigris, II, 181; routes to Bagdad, II, 185 Brussiloff, commands offensive in Volhynia, II, 132-133; talks on Rumanian situation, II, 137 Bulgaria, affected by the Russian Revolution, III, 174 ; character of people, III, 171 - 172 ; dependence on Germany for aid, II, 179; dissatisfaction with Peace of Bucharest, III, 172 ; dissatisfied with share of the Dobrudja, III, 175 ; dissatisfied with treatment from Germany, III, 177 - 178 ; influenced by Teuton promises, III, 173 ; influenced by Allied victories in the West, III, 179 ; victorious in Serbia and Rumania, III, 174 ; withdraws from the war, III, 170 Bulgarians, advance in Struma Valley, II, 246; attack Greeks, III, 61 - 64 ; in Eastern Macedonia, II, 247 Bullard, General Robert L., commands Second Army, III, 263 ; commands Third Corps, and operations on the Vesle, III, 253 C Cadorna, General, arrests Italian offensive, III, 72 - 73 Caetani, Gelasio, Italian engineer on Col di Lana, II, 62 Calais, battle of, I, 104; objective of Germans, I, 103 Cambon, coolness in crisis, I, 36; fears of, I, 16 Cameron, Major General George H., in St. Mihiel battle, III, 255 Canadians, at Second Ypres, I, 248-286; counterattack on Germans, I, 251-252; heroism of, I, 249-252; in gas attack at Ypres, I, 253; position of Division at Ypres, I, 248-249; recapture of guns at Ypres, I, 221; Royal Highlanders, I, 255-257; Third Brigade, I, 249-257 Canopus , accompanies Glasgow, I, 146-147; in Falkland fight, I, 156-158 Cantigny, taken by First Division, III, 250 Cantonments, completion of, II, 327; materials for, II, 322-323; sites chosen, II, 319-320; typical, II, 323 Caporetto, falls to Austrians, III, 71 ; taking of, III, 76 Carnovan , in Falkland fight, I, 161-170 Carpathians, I, 319-320 Carpenter, Captain A.F.B., commands Vindictive at Zeebrugge, III, 104 Cassin , U.S. destroyer, torpedoed, II, 369-376 Castelnau, General de, orders troops to hold at Verdun, II, 16 Cavell, Edith, I, 348-364; trial of, I, 350-352 Central Powers, desire to dominate other races, II, 215 Champagne, great offensive in, I, 322, 347 Channel, race for, I, 96-107 Charleroi, defeat of Allied armies at, I, 61 Château-Thierry, German offensive at, III, 252 ; July counteroffensive, III, 252 ; Third Division holds bridgehead, III, 250 ; topography, III, 210 - 213 Chetwode, General, route of Germans by, I, 73 China, neutrality of, I, 204 Choising , German ship, I, 187-191 Col di Lana, blowing off Austrian position, II, 55-65 Combles, French advance on, II, 94-95 Communipaw , sunk, II, 282 Congress, in extraordinary session, II, 26 Constantine, King of Greece, attitude of, III, 54 Constantinople, contention for, I, 129-130; German cruisers at, I, 135; hold of England and France on, I, 129; importance of, I, 126-127, 140; II, 177 Contalmaison, attack on, II, 78 Convoy System, III, 282 Cornwall , in Falkland fight, I, 161-172 Coronel, Battle of, I, 141-157 Coté du Poivre, attack at, II, 18-21; taken by French, II, 28 Council of National Defense, II, 321-343 Cradock, Rear Admiral Sir Christopher, attacks German cruisers, I, 150-157; in chase for German squadron, I, 145 Crown Prince, German, army of, at Verdun, II, 12; brings up fresh forces, II, 18; urges troops to take Verdun, II, 8 Cumières, retaken by French, II, 22; stormed by Germans, II, 22 Curry, General, at Second Ypres, I, 256-257, 259 Czecho-Slovak Expeditionary Force, III, 183 Czecho-Slovaks, III, 183 - 199 ; character of men in Siberia, III, 184 - 185 ; journey on a Czecho-Slovak train, III, 184 D Daffodil , at Ostend, III, 101 ; at Zeebrugge, III, 102 - 103 , 105 Declaration of War, II, 238 Defence , at Jutland Bank, II, 52 Dellville Wood, attacks on, II, 87-88; terrain around, II, 85 Deportations, II, 161-162 Destroyers, American, III, 7 - 31 Dickman, Major General, commands First Corps, III, 263 ; in St. Mihiel battle, III, 255 Dobrudja, disposed of by Germany, III, 175 ; failure of defense in, II, 134 Doiran Lake, British lines near, II, 246 Donnelly, Lieutenant, surprises Turks, I, 235-236 Douaumont, attacks at, II, 21; French victory at, II, 27 Drake, exploits of, I, 149 Duchess of Hohenberg, I, 9 Dunkirk, bombed, I, 109-110; objective of Germans, I, 103 E East African Campaigns, III, 32 - 53 Egypt, natural routes to, II, 178; need for large army, II, 180 Eightieth Division, available for St. Mihiel, III, 255 ; in Argonne, III, 258 Eighty-ninth Division, at St. Mihiel, III, 255 Eighty-second Division, at St. Mihiel, III, 255 ; in reserve in Argonne, III, 259 Eighty-seventh Division, in Argonne, III, 259 Eitel Friedrich , in Falkland fight, I, 162-174; interns at Newport News, I, 174 Emden , cruise of, I, 176, 197; ships captured by, I, 179-180 Engineers, sent to France, II, 328; training of, II, 327; work of, in Argonne, III, 259 England on neutrality of Belgium, I, 30-31; scorns German proposal, I, 26-27 Erzerum, taken by Russians, I, 183 Evan-Thomas, Admiral, report on Jutland Bank, II, 39 F Falkland Sea Fight, I, 142-175 Festubert, Canadian advance at, I, 274-275 Fifth Division, at St. Mihiel, III, 255 First Division, at St. Mihiel, III, 255 ; in drive for Soissons, III, 252 ; in reserve in Argonne, III, 259 ; takes Berzy-le-Sec, III, 252 Flanders, Battle of, I, 97; German attack in, I, 101-103 Foch, General, afterward Marshal, outmanœuvres Germans in Battle of the Marne, I, 93; launches counteroffensive, III, 252 ; uses American troops in Picardy and on the Marne, III, 249 , 250 Food, in Belgium, II, 168 Forts of Liege, I, 54-59 Forts, on banks of Meuse, I, 54-56 Forty-Second (Rainbow) Division, at St. Mihiel, III, 255 ; captures Sergy, III, 253 Fourth Division, in Argonne, III, 258 ; relieves Forty-second, III, 253 France, her wounded heroes, III, 138 - 152 ; Germany declares war on, I, 35; German rule in, II, 159-173; control cards, II, 160 Francis Ferdinand, Archduke, assassination of, I, 10; character of, I, 7-9; marriage to Sophie Chotek, I, 9; political designs of, I, 7-9 French, Sir John, on Battle of the Marne, I, 73-82; on Great Retreat, I, 62-72 French and British, cooperate in Battle of the Somme, II, 86, 89; on Italian front, III, 83 French Armies, advance at Marne, I, 80-82; break German attack at Verdun, II, 16; in Alsace, I, 83-84; in Battle of the Marne, I, 91-95; in Meuse Hills, III, 266 ; losses of, III, 159 ; official account, I, 83-107; retreat at Verdun, II, 14; victorious at Ypres, I, 275 Fricourt, British attacks on, II, 76; captured, II, 77 G Gallipoli, abandonment of, I, 366-374; campaign at, I, 221-239; suffering of troops, I, 367 Gas, accounts for German gains at Second Ypres, I, 269; bombardment at Second Ypres, I, 262-265; cloud of, at Second Ypres, I, 242; Canadians charge through, I, 268; first use in war, I, 240-276; Germans first to employ, I, 276; peculiar appearance of gas battle, I, 267 Gerard, Ambassador to Germany, II, 294 German Activities in the United States, II, 278; note to Mexico, II, 297 German Armies, battle plans of, II, 12; cross the Sambre, I, 86; checked at Verdun, II, 16; driven to Soissons-Rheims, I, 77; first to use gas in battle, I, 241-242; in Battle of Picardy, III, 153, 169 ; in Battle of the Marne, I, 89-90; in Race for the Seas, I, 101-102; invade Belgium, I, 41; line at close of Battle of the Marne, I, 81; losses in Battle of the Marne, I, 95; losses at Ypres, I, 105; losses at Prince Heinrich Hill, I, 209; losses at Tsing-tao, I, 219-220; strength at Verdun, II, 20; positions in Champagne, I, 324-327; losses of, at Ypres, I, 105; defenses between Somme and Ancre, II, 72; in retreat, I, 79-82; prepare for Battle of Verdun, II, 8-12; rapid advance against Italians, III, 77 - 78 ; reinforced, I, 84 German Colonial Aims, strategic points desired, III, 45 - 46 German Control in Belgium, II, 167-172 German Control in France, gendarmerie brutal, II, 167; treatment of girl workers, I, 161 German East Africa, a menace to Asia, III, 49 ; evacuated by enemy, III, 41 ; opinion of Baron von Rechenberg, III, 45 German Fleet, in Battle of Jutland Bank, II, 30-54 German Interference with American manufacturers, II, 292 German Note to Mexico, II, 297 German Notice of January 31, 1917, II, 285 German Propaganda, in Allied countries, III, 75 - 76 German Spies in America, II, 286-292 German West Africa, strategic importance of, III, 48 - 49 Germans, issue submarine proclamation, I, 280; make peace proposals, II, 29; nearness to iron ore, II, 9; system of colonization, III, 43 Germany attains eastern ambitions, III, 154 ; declares war on France, I, 35; industrial expansion of, I, 127; mobilizes, I, 35; loses prestige in the East, III, 181 ; must destroy either French or British army, III, 158 ; need for Central Africa, III, 46 : perfidy of Government, II, 222; plans of, I, 128-133; preparation for defense, I, 201-202; proclaims ruthless submarine warfare, II, 194; sends note on submarine warfare, I, 307-308 Germany's African colonies, strategic importance of, III, 46 - 47 Glasgow , in Coronel fight, I, 146-157 Gneisenau , in Falkland fight, I, 147-171 Gompers, Samuel, labor leader, assistance rendered to government, II, 325; on Council of National Defense, II, 325-326 Good Hope , sunk, I, 146-155 Gorizia, suffers from war, III, 71 Goschen, Sir Edward, I, 30-32 Gough, General, in Battle of the Somme, II, 77 Grand Fleet, British, II, 30 Great Britain, holds vantage points in the East, II, 180; interests in Persia, II, 174-176 Greeks, fight at Rupel Pass, III, 59 ; on the side of the Allies, III, 54, 68 ; successes of, III, 61 Greeks and Bulgars, III, 64 "Green Devils," nickname for German gendarmerie, II, 167 Grey, Sir Edward, refuses German proposals, I, 30 Guillemont, fighting at, II, 88-91 H Hague, The, American policy at, II, 206 Haig, Sir Douglas, commands British in Battle of the Somme, II, 67-113 Haig and Joffre, discuss plans for Somme offensive, II, 67 Hardaumont, fight for, II, 18 Hardromont Quarries, taken by General Mangin, II, 22 Henderson, Sir David, I, 71 Hepburn, Captain A.J., commands subchasers, III, 277 High Wood, II, 81, 82 Hill 304, artillery attack on, II, 21 Hindenburg Line, broken, III, 261 Hines, Major General John L., commands Third Corps, III, 263 Hohenberg, Duchess of, I, 9-10 Hood, Rear Admiral, at Jutland Bank, II, 38; death of, II, 52 Hoskins, General, in East Africa, III, 41 Hospitals, II, 342-343; at naval bases, III, 288 ; bombed by Germans, III, 240 Housatonic , sunk, II, 200 I Identification Papers, II, 159 Indefatigable , sunk at Jutland Bank, II, 52 Inflexible , in Falkland fight, I, 161-170 Ingram, Osmund K., saves comrades, II, 370 International Law, upheld by United States, II, 284 Intrepid , at Zeebrugge, III, 102 , 107, 108 Invincible , in Falkland fight, I, 161-170; sunk at Jutland Bank, II, 52 Iphigenia , at Zeebrugge, III, 102 ,