PART 810—OFFICIAL UNITED STATES STANDARDS FOR GRAIN Authority: 7 U.S.C. 71-87k. Source: 52 FR 24418, June 30, 1987, unless otherwise noted. Subpart A—General Provisions Note: Compliance with the provisions of these standards does not excuse failure to comply with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, or other Federal laws. Terms Defined § 810.101 Grains for which standards are established. Grain refers to barley, canola, corn, flaxseed, mixed grain, oats, rye, sorghum, soybeans, sunflower seed, triticale, and wheat. Standards for these food grains, feed grains, and oilseeds are established under the United States Grain Standards Act. [57 FR 3274, Jan. 29, 1992] § 810.102 Definition of other terms. Unless otherwise stated, the definitions in this section apply to all grains. All other definitions unique to a particular grain are contained in the appropriate subpart for that grain. (a) Distinctly low quality. i.e. (b) Moisture. (c) Stones. (d) Test Weight per bushel. (e) Whole kernels. 1/4 [52 FR 24418, June 30, 1987, as amended at 60 FR 61196, Nov. 29, 1995; 71 FR 52406, Sept. 6, 2006; 72 FR 39732, July 20, 2007] Principles Governing the Application of Standards § 810.103 Basis of determination. (a) Distinctly low quality. (b) Certain quality determinations. (c) All other determinations. § 810.104 Percentages. (a) Rounding. (1) When the figure to be rounded is followed by a figure greater than or equal to 5, round to the next higher figure; e.g., report 6.36 as 6.4, 0.35 as 0.4, and 2.45 as 2.5. (2) When the figure to be rounded is followed by a figure less than 5, retain the figure; e.g., report 8.34 as 8.3, and 1.22 as 1.2. (b) Recording. [52 FR 24418, June 30, 1987; 52 FR 28534, July 31, 1987, as amended at 54 FR 24157, June 6, 1989; 57 FR 3274, Jan. 29, 1992; 59 FR 10573, Mar. 7, 1994; 61 FR 18491, Apr. 26, 1996; 63 FR 20056, Apr. 23, 1998] Grades, Grade Requirements, and Grade Designations § 810.105 Grades and grade requirements. The grades and grade requirements for each grain (except mixed grain) and shown in the grade table(s) of the respective standards. Mixed grain grade requirements are not presented in tabular form. § 810.106 Grade designations. (a) Grade designations for grain. (1) The letters “U.S.”; (2) The abbreviation “No.” and the number of the grade or the words “Sample grade”; (3) When applicable, the subclass; (4) The class or kind of grain; (5) When applicable, the special grade(s) except in the case of bright, extra heavy, and heavy oats or plump rye, the special grades, “bright”, “extra heavy”, “heavy” and “plump” will precede the word “oats” or “rye” as applicable; and (6) When applicable, the word “dockage” together with the percentage thereof. When applicable, the remarks section of the certificate will include in the order of predominance; in the case of a mixed class, the name and approximate percentage of the classes; in the case of sunflower seed, the percentage of admixture; in the case of mixed grain, the grains present in excess of 10.0 percent of the mixture and when applicable, the words Other grains (b) Optional grade designations. type of grain type of grain [52 FR 24418, June 30, 1987, as amended at 53 FR 15017, Apr. 27, 1988] Special Grades, Special Grade Requirements, and Special Grade Designations § 810.107 Special grades and special grade requirements. A special grade serves to draw attention to a special factor or condition present in the grain and, when applicable, is supplemental to the grade assigned under § 810.106. Except for the special grade “infested,” the special grades are identified and requirements are established in each respective grain standards. (a) Infested wheat, rye, and triticale. (1) Representative sample. (2) Lot as a whole (stationary). (3) Sample as a whole (continuous loading/unloading of shiplots and bargelots). (b) Infested barley, canola, corn, oats, sorghum, soybeans, sunflower seed, and mixed grain. (1) Representative sample. (2) Lot as a whole (stationary). (3) Sample as a whole (continuous loading/unloading of shiplots and bargelots). [52 FR 24441, June 30, 1987, as amended at 57 FR 3274, Jan. 29, 1992] § 810.108 Special grade designations. Special grade designations are shown as prescribed in § 810.106. Multiple special grade designations will be listed in alphabetical order. In the case of treated wheat, the official certificate shall show whether the wheat has been scoured, limed, washed, sulfured, or otherwise treated. Subpart B—United States Standards for Barley Terms Defined § 810.201 Definition of barley. Grain that, before the removal of dockage, consists of 50 percent or more of whole kernels of cultivated barley ( Hordeum vulgare § 810.202 Definition of other terms. (a) Black barley. (b) Broken kernels. 1/4 (c) Classes. (1) Malting barley (i) Six-rowed Malting barley (ii) Two-rowed Malting barley (2) Barley. (i) Six-rowed barley. (ii) Two-rowed barley. (iii) Barley. (d) Damaged kernels. (e) Dockage. (f) Foreign material. (g) Frost-damaged kernels. (h) Germ-damaged kernels. (i) Heat-damaged kernels. (j) Injured-by-frost kernels. (k) Injured-by-heat kernels. (l) Injured-by-mold kernels. (m) Mold-damaged kernels. (n) Other grains. (o) Plump barley. 6/64 3/4 (p) Sieves. 5/64 3/4 5/64 3/4 (2) 5- 1/2 6/64 3/4 1/2 3/4 (3) 6/64 3/4 6/64 3/4 (q) Skinned and broken kernels. (r) Sound barley. (s) Suitable malting type. (t) Thin barley. (1) Malting barley. 5/64 3/4 5.5/64 3/4 (2) Barley. 5/64 3/4 (u) Wild oats. Avena fatua A. sterilis [52 FR 24418, June 30, 1987; 52 FR 28534, July 31, 1987, as amended at 61 FR 18491, Apr. 26, 1996; 82 FR 20543, May 3, 2017] Principles Governing the Application of Standards § 810.203 Basis of determination. All other determinations. General Provisions Grades and Grade Requirements § 810.204 Grades and grade requirements for Six-rowed Malting barley. Grade Minimum limits of— Maximum limits of— Test weight per bushel Suitable malting types Sound 1 Damaged kernels 1 Wild oats Foreign Other grains Skinned and broken Thin barley U.S. No. 1 47.0 97.0 98.0 2.0 1.0 0.5 2.0 4.0 7.0 U.S. No. 2 45.0 97.0 98.0 3.0 1.0 1.0 3.0 6.0 10.0 U.S. No. 3 43.0 95.0 96.0 4.0 2.0 2.0 5.0 8.0 15.0 U.S. No. 4 43.0 95.0 93.0 5.0 3.0 3.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 1 Note: Malting barley must not be infested in accordance with § 810.107(b) and must not contain any special grades as defined in § 810.206. Six-rowed Malting barley varieties not meeting the requirements of this section must be graded in accordance with standards established for the class Barley. [82 FR 20543, May 3, 2017] § 810.205 Grades and grade requirements for Two-rowed Malting barley. Grade Minimum limits of— Maximum limits of— Test weight per bushel Suitable malting types Sound 1 Damaged kernels 1 Wild oats Foreign Other grains Skinned and broken Thin barley U.S. No. 1 50.0 97.0 98.0 2.0 1.0 0.5 2.0 4.0 5.0 U.S. No. 2 48.0 97.0 98.0 3.0 1.0 1.0 3.0 6.0 7.0 U.S. No. 3 48.0 95.0 96.0 4.0 2.0 2.0 5.0 8.0 10.0 U.S. No. 4 48.0 95.0 93.0 5.0 3.0 3.0 5.0 10.0 10.0 1 Note: Malting barley must not be infested in accordance with § 810.107(b) and must not contain any special grades as defined in § 810.206. Six-rowed Malting barley and Six-rowed Blue Malting barley varieties not meeting the requirements of this section must be graded in accordance with standards established for the class Barley. [82 FR 20544, May 3, 2017] § 810.206 Grades and grade requirements for barley. Grade Minimum limits of— Maximum Limits of— Test weight per bushel (pounds) Sound barley (percent) Damaged kernels 1 Heat damaged kernels (percent) Foreign material (percent) Broken kernels (percent) Thin barley (percent) U.S. No. 1 47.0 97.0 2.0 0.2 1.0 4.0 10.0 U.S. No. 2 45.0 94.0 4.0 0.3 2.0 8.0 15.0 U.S. No. 3 43.0 90.0 6.0 0.5 3.0 12.0 25.0 U.S. No. 4 40.0 85.0 8.0 1.0 4.0 18.0 35.0 U.S. No. 5 36.0 75.0 10.0 3.0 5.0 28.0 75.0 U.S. Sample Grade: U.S. Sample grade shall be barley that: (a) Does not meet the requirements for the grades 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5; or (b) Contains 8 or more stones or any number of stones which have an aggregate weight in excess of 0.2 percent of the sample weight, 2 or more pieces of glass, 3 or more crotalaria seeds ( Crotalaria Ricinus communis Xanthium 1 8 1 4 (c) Has a musty, sour, or commercially objectionable foreign odor (except smut or garlic odor); or (d) Is heating or otherwise of distinctly low quality. 1 [61 FR 18492, Apr. 26, 1996] Special Grades and Special Grade Requirements § 810.207 Special grades and special grade requirements. (a) Blighted barley. (b) Ergoty barley. (c) Garlicky barley. (d) Smutty barley. [52 FR 24418, June 30, 1987, as amended at 52 FR 24441, June 30, 1987] Subpart C—United States Standards for Canola—Terms Defined Source: 57 FR 3274, Jan. 29, 1992, unless otherwise noted. § 810.301 Definition of canola. Seeds of the genus Brassica § 810.302 Definitions of other terms. (a) Conspicuous Admixture. (b) Damaged kernels. (c) Distinctly green kernels. (d) Dockage. (e) Ergot. Claviceps (f) Heat-damaged kernels. (g) Inconspicuous admixture. Brassica kaber B. juncea Brassica juncea B. hirta (h) Sclerotia (Sclerotium, sing. Sclerotinia Claviceps. (i) Sclerotinia. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Principles Governing the Application of Standards § 810.303 Basis of determination. Each determination of conspicuous admixture, ergot, sclerotinia, stones, damaged kernels, heat-damaged kernels, distinctly green kernels, and inconspicuous admixture is made on the basis of the sample when free from dockage. Other determinations not specifically provided for under the general provisions are made on the basis of the sample as a whole, except the determination of odor is made on either the basis of the sample as a whole or the sample when free from dockage. The content of glucosinolates and erucic acid is determined on the basis of the sample according to procedures prescribed in FGIS instructions. Grades and Grade Requirements § 810.304 Grades and grade requirements for canola. Grading factors Grades, U.S. Nos. 1 2 3 Maximum percent limits of: Damaged kernels: Heat damaged 0.1 0.5 2.0 Distinctly green 2.0 6.0 20.0 Total 3.0 10.0 20.0 Conspicuous admixture: Ergot 0.05 0.05 0.05 Sclerotinia 0.05 0.10 0.15 Stones 0.05 0.05 0.05 Total 1.0 1.5 2.0 Inconspicuous admixture 5.0 5.0 5.0 Maximum count limits of: Other material: Animal filth 3 3 3 Glass 0 0 0 Unknown foreign substance 1 1 1 U.S. Sample grade Canola that: (a) Does not meet the requirements for U.S. Nos. 1, 2, 3; or (b) Has a musty, sour, or commercially objectionable foreign odor; or (c) Is heating or otherwise of distinctly low quality. Special Grades and Special Grade Requirements § 810.305 Special grades and special grade requirements. Garlicky canola. Nongrade Requirements § 810.306 Nongrade requirements. Glucosinolates. Subpart D—United States Standards for Corn Terms Defined § 810.401 Definition of corn. Grain that consists of 50 percent or more of whole kernels of shelled dent corn and/or shelled flint corn ( Zea mays § 810.402 Definition of other terms. (a) Broken corn. 12/64 6/64 (b) Broken corn and foreign material. 12/64 (c) Classes. (1) Yellow corn. (2) White corn. (3) Mixed corn. (d) Damaged kernels. (e) Foreign material. 6/64 12/64 (f) Heat-damaged kernels. (g) Sieves 12/64 round-hole sieve. 1/4 (2) 6/64 round-hole sieve. 5/32 [52 FR 24418, June 30, 1987, as amended at 52 FR 24437, June 30, 1987; 52 FR 28534, July 31, 1987] Principles Governing the Application of Standards § 810.403 Basis of determination. Each determination of class, damaged kernels, heat-damaged kernels, waxy corn, flint corn, and flint and dent corn is made on the basis of the grain after the removal of the broken corn and foreign material. Other determinations not specifically provided for under the general provisions are made on the basis of the grain as a whole, except the determination of odor is made on either the basis of the grain as a whole or the grain when free from broken corn and foreign material. [52 FR 24418, June 30, 1987; 52 FR 28534, July 31, 1987] Grades and Grade Requirements § 810.404 Grades and grade requirements for corn. Grade Minimum test weight per bushel (pounds) Maximum limits of Damaged kernels Broken corn and foreign material (percent) Heat damaged kernels (percent) Total (percent) U.S. No. 1 56.0 0.1 3.0 2.0 U.S. No. 2 54.0 0.2 5.0 3.0 U.S. No. 3 52.0 0.5 7.0 4.0 U.S. No. 4 49.0 1.0 10.0 5.0 U.S. No. 5 46.0 3.0 15.0 7.0 U.S. Sample Grade U.S. Sample grade is corn that: (a) Does not meet the requirements for the grades U.S. Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5; or (b) Contains stones with an aggregate weight in excess of 0.1 percent of the sample weight, 2 or more pieces of glass, 3 or more crotalaria seeds (Crotalaria spp.), 2 or more castor beans (Ricinus communis L.), 4 or more particles of an unknown foreign substance(s)or a commonly recognized harmful or toxic substance(s), 8 or more cockleburs (Xanthium spp.), or similar seeds singly or in combination, or animal filth in excess of 0.20 percent in 1,000 grams; or (c) Has a musty, sour, or commercially objectionable foreign odor; or (d) Is heating or otherwise of distinctly low quality. [60 FR 61196, Nov. 29, 1995] Special Grades and Special Grade Requirements § 810.405 Special grades and special grade requirements. (a) Flint corn. (b) Flint and dent corn. (c) Waxy corn. [52 FR 24418, June 30, 1987, as amended at 52 FR 24441, June 30, 1987; 52 FR 28534, July 31, 1987] Subpart E—United States Standards for Flaxseed Terms Defined § 810.601 Definition of flaxseed. Grain that, before the removal of dockage, consists of 50 percent or more of common flaxseed ( Linum usitatissimum § 810.602 Definition of other terms. (a) Damaged kernels. (b) Dockage. (c) Heat-damaged kernels. (d) Other grains. Principles Governing the Application of Standards § 810.603 Basis of determination. Other determinations not specifically provided for under the general provisions are made on the basis of the grain when free from dockage, except the determination of odor is made on either the basis of the grain as a whole or the grain when free from dockage. Grades and Grade Requirements § 810.604 Grades and grade requirements for flaxseed. Grade Minimum test weight per bushel (pounds) Maximum limits of damaged kernels— Heat damaged kernels (percent) Total (percent) U.S. No. 1 49.0 0.2 10.0 U.S. No. 2 47.0 0.5 15.0 U.S. Sample grade— U.S. Sample grade is flaxseed that: (a) Does not meet the requirements for the grades U.S. Nos. 1 or 2; or (b) Contains 8 or more stones which have an aggregate weight in excess of 0.2 percent of the sample weight, 2 or more pieces of glass, 3 or more crotalaria seeds ( Crotalaria Ricinus communis 1 8 1 4 (c) Has musty, sour, or commercially objectionable foreign odor (except smut or garlic odor), or (d) Is heating or otherwise of distinctly low quality. Subpart F—United States Standards for Mixed Grain Terms Defined § 810.801 Definition of mixed grain. Any mixture of grains for which standards have been established under the United States Grain Standards Act, provided that such mixture does not come within the requirements of any of the standards for such grains; and that such mixture consists of 50 percent or more of whole kernels of grain and/or whole or broken soybeans which will not pass through a 5/64 § 810.802 Definition of other terms. (a) Damaged kernels. (b) Foreign material and fines. 5/64 (c) Grades. (d) Heat-damaged kernels. (e) Sieve 5/64 5/64 Principles Governing the Application of Standards § 810.803 Basis of determination. Each determination of damaged and heat-damaged kernels, and the percentage of each kind of grain in the mixture is made on the basis of the sample after removal of foreign material and fines. Other determinations not specifically provided for under the general provisions are made on the basis of the grain as a whole, except the determination of odor is made on either the basis of the grain as a whole or the grain when free from foreign material and fines. Grades and Grade Requirements § 810.804 Grades and grade requirements for mixed grain. (a) U.S. Mixed Grain (grade). (b) U.S. Sample grade Mixed Grain. (1) Does not meet the requirements for the grade U.S. Mixed Grain; or (2) Contains more than 16.0 percent moisture; or (3) Contains 8 or more stones that have an aggregate weight in excess of 0.2 percent of the sample weight, 2 or more pieces of glass, 3 or more Crotalaria seeds ( Crotalaria Ricinus communis Xanthium (4) Is musty, sour, or heating; or (5) Has any commercially objectionable foreign odor except smut or garlic; or (6) Is otherwise of distinctly low quality. Special Grades and Special Grade Requirements § 810.805 Special grades and special grade requirements. (a) Blighted mixed grain. (b) Ergoty mixed grain. (2) Any other mixed grain that contains more than 0.10 percent ergot. (c) Garlicky mixed grain. (2) Any other mixed grain that contains 4 or more green garlic bulblets, or an equivalent quantity of dry or partly dry bulblets, in 500 grams of mixed grain. (d) Smutty mixed grain. (2) Any other mixed grain that has the kernels covered with smut spores to give a smutty appearance in mass, or that contains more than 0.2 percent smut balls. (e) Treated mixed grain. [52 FR 24418, June 30, 1987, as amended at 52 FR 24441, June 30, 1987] Subpart G—United States Standards for Oats Terms Defined § 810.1001 Definition of oats. Grain that consists of 50 percent or more of oats ( Avena sativa A. byzantina C. § 810.1002 Definition of other terms. (a) Fine seeds. 5/64 (b) Foreign material. (c) Heat-damaged kernels. (d) Other grains. (e) Sieves 5/64 5/64 (2) 0.064 3/8 oblong-hole sieve. 3/8 (f) Sound oats. (g) Wild oats. Avena fatua A. sterillis Principles Governing the Application of Standards § 810.1003 Basis of determination. Other determinations not specifically provided for under the general provisions are made on the basis of the grain as a whole. Grades and Grade Requirements § 810.1004 Grades and grade requirements for oats. Grade Minimum limits— Maximum limits— Test weight per bushel (pounds) Sound oats (percent) Heat-damaged kernels (percent) Foreign material (percent) Wild oats (percent) U.S. No. 1 36.0 97.0 0.1 2.0 2.0 U.S. No. 2 33.0 94.0 0.3 3.0 3.0 U.S. No. 3 1 30.0 90.0 1.0 4.0 5.0 U.S. No. 4 2 27.0 80.0 3.0 5.0 10.0 U.S. Sample grade— U.S. Sample grade are oats which: (a) Do not meet the requirements for the grades U.S. Nos. 1, 2, 3, or 4; or (b) Contain 8 or more stones which have an aggregate weight in excess of 0.2 percent of the sample weight, 2 or more pieces of glass, 3 or more crotalaria seeds ( Crotalaria Ricinus communis Xanthium 1 8 1 4 (c) Have a musty, sour, or commercially objectionable foreign odor (except smut or garlic odor); or (d) Are heating or otherwise of distinctly low quality. 1 2 Special Grades and Special Grade Requirements § 810.1005 Special grades and special grade requirements. (a) Bleached oats. (b) Bright oats. (c) Ergoty oats. (d) Extra-heavy oats. (e) Garlicky oats. (f) Heavy oats. (g) Smutty oats. (h) Thin oats. 3/8 5/64 [52 FR 24418, June 30, 1987, as amended at 52 FR 24441, June 30, 1987] Subpart H—United States Standards for Rye Terms Defined § 810.1201 Definition of rye. Grain that, before the removal of dockage, consists of 50 percent or more of common rye ( Secale cereale § 810.1202 Definition of other terms. (a) Damaged kernels. (b) Dockage. (c) Foreign material. (d) Heat-damaged kernels. (e) Other grains. (f) Sieve—0.064 3/8 oblong-hole sieve. 3/8 (g) Thin rye. 3/8 Principles Governing the Application of Standards § 810.1203 Basis of determination. Other determinations not specifically provided for under the general provisions are made on the basis of the grain when free from dockage, except the determination of odor is made on either the basis of the grain as a whole or the grain when free from dockage. Grades and Grade Requirements § 810.1204 Grades and grade requirements for rye. Grade Minimum test weight per bushel (pounds) Maximum limits of— Foreign material Damaged kernels Thin Rye (percent) Foreign matter other than wheat (percent) Total (percent) Heat damaged (percent) Total (percent) U.S. No. 1 56.0 1.0 3.0 0.2 2.0 10.0 U.S. No. 2 54.0 2.0 6.0 0.2 4.0 15.0 U.S. No. 3 52.0 4.0 10.0 0.5 7.0 25.0 U.S. No. 4 49.0 6.0 10.0 3.0 15.0 U.S. Sample grade— U.S. Sample grade is rye that: (a) Does not meet the requirements for the grades U.S. Nos. 1, 2, 3, or 4; or (b) Contains 8 or more stones or any numbers of stones which have an aggregate weight in excess of 0.2 percent of the sample weight, 2 or more pieces of glass, 3 or more crotalaria seeds ( Crotalaria Ricinus communis 1 8 1 4 (c) Has a musty, sour, or commercially objectionable foreign odor (except smut or garlic odor); or (d) Is heating or otherwise of distinctly low quality. Special Grades and Special Grade Requirements § 810.1205 Special grades and special grade requirements. (a) Ergoty rye. (b) Garlicky rye. (c) Light garlicky rye. (d) Light smutty rye. (e) Plump rye. 3/8 (f) Smutty rye. [52 FR 24418, June 30, 1987, as amended at 52 FR 24441, June 30, 1987] Subpart I—United States Standards for Sorghum Terms Defined § 810.1401 Definition of sorghum. Grain that, before the removal of dockage, consists of 50 percent or more of whole kernels of sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor § 810.1402 Definition of other terms. (a) Broken kernels. (b) Broken kernels and foreign material. (c) Classes. (1) Sorghum. (2) Tannin sorghum. (3) White sorghum. (4) Mixed sorghum. (d) Damaged kernels. (e) Dockage. (f) Foreign material. (g) Heat-damaged kernels. (h) Nongrain sorghum. Sorghum almum (i) Pericarp. (j) Sieves 1.98 mm (5/64 (0.0781) inches) triangular-hole sieve. (2) 0.99 mm (2 1/2 /64 (0.0391) inches) round-hole sieve. [52 FR 24418, June 30, 1987, as amended at 52 FR 24437, June 30, 1987; 52 FR 28534, July 31, 1987; 57 FR 58971, Dec. 14, 1992; 72 FR 39732, July 20, 2007] Principles Governing the Application of Standards § 810.1403 Basis of determination. Each determination of broken kernels and foreign material is made on the basis of the grain when free from dockage. Each determination of class, damaged kernels, heat-damaged kernels, and stones is made on the basis of the grain when free from dockage and that portion of the broken kernels, and foreign material that will pass through a 1.98 mm (5/64 inches) triangular-hole sieve. Other determinations not specifically provided for in the general provisions are made on the basis of the grain as a whole except the determination of odor is made on either the basis of the grain as a whole or the grain when free from dockage, broken kernels, and foreign material removed by the 1.98 mm (5/64 inches) triangular-hole sieve. [57 FR 58971, Dec. 14, 1992] Grades and Grade Requirements § 810.1404 Grades and grade requirements for sorghum. Grading factors Grades U.S. Nos. 1 1 2 3 4 Minimum pound limits of Test weight per bushel 57.0 55.0 53.0 51.0 Maximum percent limits of Damaged kernels: Heat (part of total) 0.2 0.5 1.0 3.0 Total 2.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 Broken kernels and foreign material: Foreign material (part of total) 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 Total 3.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 Maximum count limits of Other material: Animal filth 9 9 9 9 Castor beans 1 1 1 1 Crotalaria seeds 2 2 2 2 Glass 1 1 1 1 Stones 2 7 7 7 7 Unknown foreign substance 3 3 3 3 Cockleburs 7 7 7 7 Total 3 10 10 10 10 U.S. Sample grade is sorghum that: (a) Does not meet the requirements for U.S. Nos. 1, 2, 3, or 4; or (b) Has a musty, sour, or commercially objectionable foreign odor (except smut odor); or (c) Is badly weathered, heating, or distinctly low quality. 1 2 3 [72 FR 39733, July 20, 2007] Special Grades and Special Grade Requirements § 810.1405 Special grades and special grade requirements. Smutty sorghum. [52 FR 24418, June 30, 1987, as amended at 52 FR 24441, June 30, 1987] Subpart J—United States Standards for Soybeans Terms Defined § 810.1601 Definition of soybeans. Grain that consists of 50 percent or more of whole or broken soybeans ( Glycine max 8/64 § 810.1602 Definition of other terms. (a) Classes. (1) Yellow soybeans. (2) Mixed soybeans. (b) Damaged kernels. (c) Foreign material. 8/64 (d) Heat-damaged kernels. (e) Purple mottled or stained. (f) Sieve— 8/64 8/64 (g) Splits. 1/4 [52 FR 24418, June 30, 1987, as amended at 88 FR 45056, July 14, 2023] Principles Governing the Application of Standards § 810.1603 Basis of determination. Each determination of class, heat-damaged kernels, damaged kernels, and splits is made on the basis of the grain when free from foreign material. Other determinations not specifically provided for under the general provisions are made on the basis of the grain as a whole. [88 FR 45056, July 14, 2023] Grades and Grade Requirements § 810.1604 Grades and grade requirements for soybeans. Grading factors Grades U. S. Nos. 1 2 3 4 Maximum percent limits of: Damaged kernels: Heat (part of total) 0.2 0.5 1.0 3.0 Total 2.0 3.0 5.0 8.0 Foreign material 1.0 2.0 3.0 5.0 Splits 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 Maximum count limits of: Other materials: Animal filth 9 9 9 9 Castor beans 1 1 1 1 Crotalaria seeds 2 2 2 2 Glass 0 0 0 0 Stones 1 3 3 3 3 Unknown foreign substance 3 3 3 3 Total 2 10 10 10 10 U.S. Sample grade are soybeans that: (a) Do not meet the requirements for U.S. Nos. 1, 2, 3, or 4; or (b) Have a musty, sour, or commercially objectionable foreign odor (except garlic odor); or (c) Are heating or otherwise of distinctly low quality. 1 2 [88 FR 45056, July 14, 2023] Special Grades and Special Grade Requirements § 810.1605 Special grades and special grade requirements. (a) Garlicky soybeans. (b) Purple mottled or stained soybeans. [52 FR 24418, June 30, 1987, as amended at 52 FR 24441, June 30, 1987; 59 FR 10573, Mar. 7, 1994] Subpart K—United States Standards for Sunflower Seed Terms Defined § 810.1801 Definition of sunflower seed. Grain that, before the removal of foreign material, consists of 50.0 percent or more of cultivated sunflower seed ( Helianthus annuus § 810.1802 Definition of other terms. (a) Cultivated sunflower seed. (b) Damaged sunflower seed. (c) Dehulled seed. (d) Foreign material. (e) Heat-damaged sunflower seed. (f) Hull (Husk). (g) Kernel. Principles Governing the Application of Standards § 810.1803 Basis of determination. Each determination of heat-damaged kernels, damaged kernels, test weight per bushel, and dehulled seed is made on the basis of the grain when free from foreign material. Other determinations not specifically provided for in the general provisions are made on the basis of the grain as a whole, except the determination of odor is made on either the basis of the grain as a whole or the grain when free from foreign material. Grades and Grade Requirements § 810.1804 Grades and grade requirements for sunflower seed. Grade Minimum test weight per bushel (pounds) Maximum limits of— Damaged Sunflower Seed Dehulled seed (percent) Heat Damaged (percent) Total (Percent) U.S. No. 1 25.0 0.5 5.0 5.0 U.S. No. 2 25.0 1.0 10.0 5.0 U.S. Sample grade— U.S. Sample grade is sunflower seed that: (a) Does not meet the requirements for the grades U.S. Nos. 1 or 2; or (b) Contains 8 or more stones which have an aggregate weight in excess of 0.20 percent of the sample weight, 2 or more pieces of glass, 3 or more crotalaria seeds ( Crotalaria Ricinus communis (c) Has a musty, sour, or commercially objectionable foreign odor; or (d) Is heating or otherwise of distinctly low quality. Subpart L—United States Standards for Triticale Terms Defined § 810.2001 Definition of triticale. Grain that, before the removal of dockage, consists of 50 percent or more of triticale ( X Triticosecale § 810.2002 Definition of other terms. (a) Damaged kernels. (b) Defects. (c) Dockage. (d) Foreign material. (e) Heat-damaged kernels. (f) Other grains. (g) Shrunken and broken kernels. (h) Sieve—0.064 3/8 oblong-hole sieve. [52 FR 24418, June 30, 1987; 52 FR 28534, July 31, 1987] Principles Governing the Application of Standards § 810.2003 Basis of determination. Each determination of heat-damaged kernels, damaged kernels, material other than wheat or rye, and foreign material (total) is made on the basis of the grain when free from dockage and shrunken and broken kernels. Other determinations not specifically provided for under the general provisions are made on the basis of the grain when free from dockage except the determination of odor is made on either the basis of the grain as a whole or the grain when free from dockage. Grades and Grade Requirements § 810.2004 Grades and grade requirements for triticale. Grade Minimum test weight per bushel (pounds) Maximum limits of— Damaged Kernels Foreign material Shrunken and broken kernels (percent) Defects 3 Heat damaged (percent) Total 1 Material other than wheat or rye (percent) Total 2 U.S. No. 1 48.0 0.2 2.0 1.0 2.0 5.0 5.0 U.S. No. 2 45.0 0.2 4.0 2.0 4.0 8.0 8.0 U.S. No. 3 43.0 0.5 8.0 3.0 7.0 12.0 12.0 U.S. No. 4 41.0 3.0 15.0 4.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 U.S. Sample grade— U.S. Sample grade is triticale that: (a) Does not meet the requirements for the grades U.S. Nos. 1, 2, 3, or 4; or (b) Contains 8 or more stones or any number of stones which have an aggregate weight in excess of 0.2 percent of the sample weight, 2 or more pieces of glass, 3 or more crotalaria seeds ( Crotalaria Ricinus communis 1 8 1 4 (c) Has a musty, sour, or commercially objectionable foreign odor (except smut or garlic odor); or (d) Is heating or otherwise of distinctly low quality. 1 2 3 [52 FR 24418, June 30, 1987; 52 FR 28534, July 31, 1987] Special Grades and Special Grade Requirements § 810.2005 Special grades and special grade requirements. (a) Ergoty triticale. (b) Garlicky triticale. (c) Light garlicky triticale. (d) Light smutty triticale. (e) Smutty triticale. [52 FR 24418, June 30, 1987, as amended at 52 FR 24441, June 30, 1987] Subpart M—United States Standards for Wheat Terms Defined § 810.2201 Definition of wheat. Grain that, before the removal of dockage, consists of 50 percent or more common wheat ( Triticum aestivum T. compactum T. durum § 810.2202 Definition of other terms. (a) Classes. (1) Durum wheat. (i) Hard Amber Durum wheat. (ii) Amber Durum wheat. (iii) Durum wheat. (2) Hard Red Spring wheat. (i) Dark Northern Spring wheat. (ii) Northern Spring wheat. (iii) Red Spring wheat. (3) Hard Red Winter wheat. (4) Soft Red Winter wheat. (5) Hard White wheat. (6) Soft White wheat. (i) Soft White wheat. (ii) White Club wheat. (iii) Western White wheat. (7) Unclassed wheat. (8) Mixed wheat. (b) Contrasting Classes. (1) Durum wheat, Soft White wheat, and Unclassed wheat in the classes Hard Red Spring wheat and Hard Red Winter wheat. (2) Hard Red Spring wheat, Hard Red Winter wheat, Hard White wheat, Soft Red Winter wheat, Soft White wheat, and Unclassed wheat in the class Durum wheat. (3) Durum wheat and Unclassed wheat in the class Soft Red Winter wheat. (4) Durum wheat, Hard Red Spring wheat, Hard Red Winter wheat, Soft Red Winter wheat, and Unclassed wheat in the class Soft White wheat. (5) Durum wheat, Soft Red Winter wheat, and Unclassed wheat in the class Hard White wheat. (c) Damaged kernels. (d) Defects. (e) Dockage. (f) Foreign material. (g) Heat-damaged kernels. (h) Other grains. (i) Shrunken and broken kernels. 3/8 (j) Sieve—0.064 × 3/8 3/8 [52 FR 24418, June 30, 1987, as amended at 54 FR 48736, Nov. 27, 1989; 57 FR 58966, Dec. 14, 1992; 71 FR 8235, Feb. 18, 2006; 78 FR 27858, May 13, 2013] Principles Governing the Application of Standards § 810.2203 Basis of determination. Each determination of heat-damaged kernels, damaged kernels, foreign material, wheat of other classes, contrasting classes, and subclasses is made on the basis of the grain when free from dockage and shrunken and broken kernels. Other determinations not specifically provided for under the general provisions are made on the basis of the grain when free from dockage, except the determination of odor is made on either the basis of the grain as a whole or the grain when free from dockage. [52 FR 24418, June 30, 1987; 52 FR 28534, July 31, 1987] Grades and Grade Requirements § 810.2204 Grades and grade requirements for wheat. (a) Grades and grade requirements for all classes of wheat, except Mixed wheat. Grades and Grade Requirements Grading factors Grades U.S. Nos. 1 2 3 4 5 Minimum pound limits of: Test weight per bushel: Hard Red Spring wheat or White Club wheat 58.0 57.0 55.0 53.0 50.0 All other classes and subclasses 60.0 58.0 56.0 54.0 51.0 Maximum percent limits of: Defects: Damaged kernels Heat (part of total) 0.2 0.2 0.5 1.0 3.0 Total 2.0 4.0 7.0 10.0 15.0 Foreign material 0.4 0.7 1.3 3.0 5.0 Shrunken and broken kernels 3.0 5.0 8.0 12.0 20.0 Total 1 3.0 5.0 8.0 12.0 20.0 Wheat of other classes: 2 Contrasting classes 1.0 2.0 3.0 10.0 10.0 Total 3 3.0 5.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 Stones 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Maximum count limits of: Other material in one kilogram: Animal filth 1 1 1 1 1 Castor beans 1 1 1 1 1 Crotalaria seeds 2 2 2 2 2 Glass 0 0 0 0 0 Stones 3 3 3 3 3 Unknown foreign substances 3 3 3 3 3 Total 4 4 4 4 4 4 Insect-damaged kernels in 100 grams 31 31 31 31 31 U.S. Sample grade is Wheat that: (a) Does not meet the requirements for U.S. Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5; or (b) Has a musty, sour, or commercially objectionable foreign odor (except smut or garlic odor); or (c) Is heating or of distinctly low quality. 1 2 3 4 (b) Grades and grade requirements for Mixed wheat. [52 FR 24418, June 30, 1987, as amended at 52 FR 24442, June 30, 1987; 57 FR 58966, Dec. 14, 1992; 71 FR 8235, Feb. 18, 2006] Special Grades and Special Grade Requirements § 810.2205 Special grades and special grade requirements. (a) Ergoty wheat. (b) Garlicky wheat. (c) Light smutty wheat. (d) Smutty wheat. (e) Treated wheat. [52 FR 24418, June 30, 1987, as amended at 52 FR 24442, June 30, 1987; 57 FR 58967, Dec. 14, 1992]