PART 110—GENERAL REQUIREMENTS Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(f), 106(g), 40101, 40102, 40103, 40113, 44105, 44106, 44111, 44701-44717, 44722, 44901, 44903, 44904, 44906, 44912, 44914, 44936, 44938, 46103, 46105. Source: Docket FAA-2009-0140, 76 FR 7486, Feb. 10, 2011, unless otherwise noted. § 110.1 Applicability. This part governs all operations conducted under subchapter G of this chapter. § 110.2 Definitions. For the purpose of this subchapter, the term— All-cargo operation Commercial air tour (1) Whether there was a holding out to the public of willingness to conduct a sightseeing flight for compensation or hire; (2) Whether the person offering the flight provided a narrative that referred to areas or points of interest on the surface below the route of the flight; (3) The area of operation; (4) How often the person offering the flight conducts such flights; (5) The route of flight; (6) The inclusion of sightseeing flights as part of any travel arrangement package; (7) Whether the flight in question would have been canceled based on poor visibility of the surface below the route of the flight; and (8) Any other factors that the FAA considers appropriate. Commuter operation (1) Rotorcraft; or (2) Airplanes or powered-lift that: (i) Are not turbojet-powered; (ii) Have a maximum passenger-seat configuration of 9 seats or less, excluding each crewmember seat; and (iii) Have a maximum payload capacity of 7,500 pounds or less. Direct air carrier DOD commercial air carrier evaluator Domestic operation (1) Airplanes or powered-lift that: (i) Are turbojet-powered; (ii) Have a passenger-seat configuration of more than 9 passenger seats, excluding each crewmember seat; or (iii) Have a payload capacity of more than 7,500 pounds. (2) Locations: (i) Between any points within the 48 contiguous States of the United States or the District of Columbia; or (ii) Operations solely within the 48 contiguous States of the United States or the District of Columbia; or (iii) Operations entirely within any State, territory, or possession of the United States; or (iv) When specifically authorized by the Administrator, operations between any point within the 48 contiguous States of the United States or the District of Columbia and any specifically authorized point located outside the 48 contiguous States of the United States or the District of Columbia. Empty weight Flag operation (1) Airplanes or powered-lift that: (i) Are turbojet-powered; (ii) Have a passenger-seat configuration of more than 9 passenger seats, excluding each crewmember seat; or (iii) Have a payload capacity of more than 7,500 pounds. (2) Locations: (i) Between any point within the State of Alaska or the State of Hawaii or any territory or possession of the United States and any point outside the State of Alaska or the State of Hawaii or any territory or possession of the United States, respectively; or (ii) Between any point within the 48 contiguous States of the United States or the District of Columbia and any point outside the 48 contiguous States of the United States and the District of Columbia; or (iii) Between any point outside the U.S. and another point outside the U.S. Justifiable aircraft equipment Kind of operation i.e., Maximum payload capacity (1) For an aircraft for which a maximum zero fuel weight is prescribed in FAA technical specifications, the maximum zero fuel weight, less empty weight, less all justifiable aircraft equipment, and less the operating load (consisting of minimum flightcrew, foods and beverages, and supplies and equipment related to foods and beverages, but not including disposable fuel or oil). (2) For all other aircraft, the maximum certificated takeoff weight of an aircraft, less the empty weight, less all justifiable aircraft equipment, and less the operating load (consisting of minimum fuel load, oil, and flightcrew). The allowance for the weight of the crew, oil, and fuel is as follows: (i) Crew—for each crewmember required by the Federal Aviation Regulations— (A) For male flightcrew members—180 pounds. (B) For female flightcrew members—140 pounds. (C) For male flight attendants—180 pounds. (D) For female flight attendants—130 pounds. (E) For flight attendants not identified by gender—140 pounds. (ii) Oil—350 pounds or the oil capacity as specified on the Type Certificate Data Sheet. (iii) Fuel—the minimum weight of fuel required by the applicable Federal Aviation Regulations for a flight between domestic points 174 nautical miles apart under VFR weather conditions that does not involve extended overwater operations. Maximum zero fuel weight Noncommon carriage On-demand operation (1) Passenger-carrying operations conducted as a public charter under part 380 of this chapter or any operations in which the departure time, departure location, and arrival location are specifically negotiated with the customer or the customer's representative that are any of the following types of operations: (i) Common carriage operations conducted with airplanes or powered-lift, including any that are turbojet-powered, having a passenger-seat configuration of 30 seats or fewer, excluding each crewmember seat, and a payload capacity of 7,500 pounds or less. The operations described in this paragraph do not include operations using a specific airplane or powered-lift that is also used in domestic or flag operations and that is so listed in the operations specifications as required by § 119.49(a)(4) of this chapter for those operations are considered supplemental operations; (ii) Noncommon or private carriage operations conducted with airplanes or powered-lift having a passenger-seat configuration of less than 20 seats, excluding each crewmember seat, and a payload capacity of less than 6,000 pounds; or (iii) Any rotorcraft operation. (2) Scheduled passenger-carrying operations conducted with one of the following types of aircraft, other than turbojet-powered aircraft, with a frequency of operations of less than five round trips per week on at least one route between two or more points according to the published flight schedules: (i) Airplanes or powered-lift having a maximum passenger-seat configuration of 9 seats or less, excluding each crewmember seat, and a maximum payload capacity of 7,500 pounds or less; or (ii) Rotorcraft. (3) All-cargo operations conducted with airplanes or powered-lift having a payload capacity of 7,500 pounds or less, or with rotorcraft. Passenger-carrying operation Principal base of operations Provisional airport Regular airport Scheduled operation Supplemental operation (1) Airplanes or powered-lift that: (i) Have a passenger-seat configuration of more than 30 seats, excluding each crewmember seat. (ii) Have a payload capacity of more than 7,500 pounds. (iii) Are propeller-powered and: (A) Have a passenger-seat configuration of more than 9 seats and less than 31 seats, excluding each crewmember seat; and (B) Are used in domestic or flag operations but are so listed in the operations specifications as required by § 119.49(a)(4) of this chapter for such operations. (iv) Are turbojet-powered and: (A) Have a passenger seat configuration of 1 or more but less than 31 seats, excluding each crewmember seat; and (B) Are used in domestic or flag operations and are so listed in the operations specifications as required by § 119.49(a)(4) of this chapter for such operations. (2) Types of operation: (i) Operations for which the departure time, departure location, and arrival location are specifically negotiated with the customer or the customer's representative. (ii) All-cargo operations. (iii) Passenger-carrying public charter operations conducted under part 380 of this chapter. Wet lease When common carriage is not involved or operations not involving common carriage (1) Noncommon carriage. (2) Operations in which persons or cargo are transported without compensation or hire. (3) Operations not involving the transportation of persons or cargo. (4) Private carriage. Years in service [Docket FAA-2009-0140, 76 FR 7486, Feb. 10, 2011, as amended by Docket FAA-2018-0119, Amdt. 110-2, 83 FR 9172, Mar. 5, 2018; Docket FAA-2022-1563, Amdt. 110-3, 88 FR 48087, July 26, 2023]