PART 423—CARE LABELING OF TEXTILE WEARING APPAREL AND CERTAIN PIECE GOODS AS AMENDED Authority: 38 Stat. 717, as amended; (15 U.S.C. 41, et seq. Source: 48 FR 22743, May 20, 1983; 48 FR 24869, June 3, 1983, unless otherwise noted. § 423.1 Definitions. (a) Care label (b) Certain Piece Goods pound goods fabrics of undetermined origin (c) Dryclean (d) Machine Wash warm cold, (e) Regular Care (f) Textile Product (g) Textile Wearing Apparel [48 FR 22743, May 20, 1983; 48 FR 24869, June 3, 1983, as amended at 65 FR 47275, Aug. 2, 2000] § 423.2 Terminology. (a) Any appropriate terms may be used on care labels or care instructions so long as they clearly and accurately describe regular care procedures and otherwise fulfill the requirements of this regulation. (b) Any appropriate symbols may be used on care labels or care instructions, in addition to the required appropriate terms so long as the terms fulfill the requirements of this part. See § 423.8(g) for conditional exemption allowing the use of symbols without terms. (c) The terminology set forth in appendix A may be used to fulfill the requirements of this regulation. [48 FR 22743, May 20, 1983; 48 FR 24869, June 3, 1983; 62 FR 29008, May 29, 1997] § 423.3 What this regulation does. This regulation requires manufacturers and importers of textile wearing apparel and certain piece goods, in or affecting commerce, as “commerce” is defined in the Federal Trade Commission Act, to provide regular care instructions at the time such products are sold to purchasers through the use of care labels or other methods described in this rule. § 423.4 Who is covered. Manufacturers and importers of textile wearing apparel and certain piece goods are covered by this regulation. This includes any person or organization that directs or controls the manufacture or importation of covered products. § 423.5 Unfair or deceptive acts or practices. (a) Textile wearing apparel and certain piece goods. (1) To fail to disclose to a purchaser, prior to sale, instructions which prescribe a regular care procedure necessary for the ordinary use and enjoyment of the product; (2) To fail to warn a purchaser, prior to sale, when the product cannot be cleaned by any cleaning procedure, without being harmed; (3) To fail to warn a purchaser, prior to sale, when any part of the prescribed regular care procedure, which a consumer or professional cleaner could reasonably be expected to use, would harm the product or others being cleaned with it; (4) To fail to provide regular care instructions and warnings, except as to piece goods, in a form that can be referred to by the consumer throughout the useful life of the product; (5) To fail to possess, prior to sale, a reasonable basis for all regular care information disclosed to the purchaser. (b) Violations of this regulation. (Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 3084-0046) § 423.6 Textile wearing apparel. This section applies to textile wearing apparel. (a) Manufacturers and importers must attach care labels so that they can be seen or easily found when the product is offered for sale to consumers. If the product is packaged, displayed, or folded so that customers cannot see or easily find the label, the care information must also appear on the outside of the package or on a hang tag fastened to the product. (b) Care labels must state what regular care is needed for the ordinary use of the product. In general, labels for textile wearing apparel must have either a washing instruction or a drycleaning instruction. If a washing instruction is included, it must comply with the requirements set forth in paragraph (b)(1) of this section. If a drycleaning instruction is included, it must comply with the requirements set forth in paragraph (b)(2) of this section. If either washing or drycleaning can be used on the product, the label need have only one of these instructions. If the product cannot be cleaned by any available cleaning method without being harmed, the label must so state. [For example, if a product would be harmed both by washing and by drycleaning, the label might say “Do not wash—do not dryclean,” or “Cannot be successfully cleaned.”] The instructions for washing and drycleaning are as follows: (1) Washing, drying, ironing, bleaching and warning instructions must follow these requirements: (i) Washing. cold, warm, hot Machine wash (ii) Drying. Tumble dry (iii) Ironing. Warnings. (iv) Bleaching. (B) If all commercially available bleaches would harm the product when used on a regular basis, the label must say “No bleach” or “Do not bleach.” (C) If regular use of chlorine bleach would harm the product, but regular use of a non-chlorine bleach would not, the label must say “Only non-chlorine bleach, when needed.” (v) Warnings. (B) Warnings are not necessary for any procedure that is an alternative to the procedure prescribed on the label. [For example, if an instruction states “Dry flat,” it is not necessary to give the warning “Do not tumble dry.”] (2) Drycleaning General. (ii) Warnings. (B) Warnings are not necessary to any procedure which is an alternative to the procedure prescribed on the label. [For example, if an instruction states “Professionally dryclean, fluorocarbon,” it is not necessary to give the warning “Do not use perchlorethylene.”] (c) A manufacturer or importer must establish a reasonable basis for care information by processing prior to sale: (1) Reliable evidence that the product was not harmed when cleaned reasonably often according to the instructions on the label, including instructions when silence has a meaning. [For example, if a shirt is labeled “Machine wash. Tumble dry. Cool iron.,” the manufacturer or importer must have reliable proof that the shirt is not harmed when cleaned by machine washing (in hot water), with any type of bleach, tumble dried (at a high setting), and ironed with a cool iron]; or (2) Reliable evidence that the product or a fair sample of the product was harmed when cleaned by methods warned against on the label. However, the manufacturer or importer need not have proof of harm when silence does not constitute a warning. [For example, if a shirt is labeled “Machine wash warm. Tumble dry medium”, the manufacturer need not have proof that the shirt would be harmed if washed in hot water or dried on high setting]; or (3) Reliable evidence, like that described in paragraph (c)(1) or (2) of this section, for each component part of the product in conjunction with reliable evidence for the garment as a whole; or (4) Reliable evidence that the product or a fair sample of the product was successfully tested. The tests may simulate the care suggested or warned against on the label; or (5) Reliable evidence of current technical literature, past experience, or the industry expertise supporting the care information on the label; or (6) Other reliable evidence. [48 FR 22743, May 20, 1983; 48 FR 24869, June 3, 1983, as amended at 65 FR 47275, Aug. 2, 2000] § 423.7 Certain piece goods. This section applies to certain piece goods. (a) Manufacturers and importers of certain piece goods must provide care information clearly and conspicuously on the end of each bolt or roll. (b) Care information must say what regular care is needed for the ordinary use of the product, pursuant to the instructions set forth in § 423.6. Care information on the end of the bolt need only address information applicable to the fabric. § 423.8 Exemptions. (a) Any item of textile wearing apparel, without pockets, that is totally reversible (i.e., the product is designed to be used with either side as the outer part or face) is exempt from the care label requirement. (b) Manufacturers or importers can ask for an exemption from the care label requirement for any other textile wearing apparel product or product line, if the label would harm the appearance or usefulness of the product. The request must be made in writing to the Secretary of the Commission. The request must be accompanied by a labeled sample of the product and a full statement explaining why the request should be granted. (c) If an item is exempt from care labeling under paragraph (a) or (b), of this section the consumers still must be given the required care information for the product. However, the care information can be put on a hang tag, on the package, or in some other conspicuous place, so that consumers will be able to see the care information before buying the product. (d) Manufacturers and importers of products covered by § 423.5 are exempt from the requirement for a permanent care label if the product can be cleaned safely under the harshest procedures. This exemption is available only if there is reliable proof that all of the following washing and drycleaning procedures can safely be used on a product: (1) Machine washing in hot water; (2) Machine drying at a high setting; (3) Ironing at a hot setting; (4) Bleaching with all commercially available bleaches; (5) Drycleaning with all commercially available solvents. In such case, the statement “wash or dry clean, any normal method” must appear on a hang tag, on the package, or in some other conspicuous place, so that consumers will be able to see the statement before buying the product. If a product meets the requirements outlined above, it is automatically exempt from the care label requirement. It is not necessary to file a request for this exemption. (e) Manufacturers and importers need not provide care information with products sold to institutional buyers for commercial use. (f) All exemption granted under § 423.1(c) (1) or (2) or the Care Labeling Rule issued on December 9, 1971, will continue to be in effect if the product still meets the standards on which the original exemption was based. Otherwise, the exemption is automatically revoked. (g) The symbol system developed by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) and designated as ASTM Standard D5489-96c Guide to Care Symbols for Care Instructions on Consumer Textile Products may be used on care labels or care instructions in lieu of terms so long as the symbols fulfill the requirements of this part. In addition, symbols from the symbol system designated as ASTM Standard D5489-96c may be combined with terms so long as the symbols and terms used fulfill the requirements of this part. Provided, however, that for the 18-month period beginning on July 1, 1997, such symbols may be used on care labels in lieu of terms only if an explanation of the meaning of the symbols used on the care label in terms is attached to, or provided with, the item of textile wearing apparel. This incorporation by reference was approved by the Director of the Federal Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. Copies of ASTM Standard D5489-96c Guide to Care Symbols for Care Instructions on Textile Products may be obtained from the American Society for Testing and Materials, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428, or may be inspected at the Federal Trade Commission, room 130, 600 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW., Washington, DC, or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. (15 U.S.C. 41-58) [48 FR 22743, May 20, 1983; 48 FR 24869, June 3, 1983, as amended at 62 FR 29008, May 29, 1997; 69 FR 18803, Apr. 9, 2004] § 423.9 Conflict with flammability standards. If there is a conflict between this regulation and any regulations issued under the Flammable Fabrics Act, the Flammable Fabics regulation govern over this one. § 423.10 Stayed or invalid parts. If any part of this regulation is stayed or held invalid, the rest of it will stay in force. Appendix A to Part 423—Glossary of Standard Terms 1. Washing, Machine Methods: a. “Machine wash”—a process by which soil may be removed from products or specimens through the use of water, detergent or soap, agitation, and a machine designed for this purpose. When no temperature is given, e.g., “warm” or “cold,” hot water up to 145 degrees F (63 degrees C) can be regularly used. b. “Hot”—initial water temperature ranging from 112 to 145 degrees F [45 to 63 degrees C]. c. “Warm”—initial water temperature ranging from 87 to 111 degrees F [31 to 44 degrees C]. d. “Cold”—initial water temperature up to 86 degrees F [30 degrees C]. e. “Do not have commercially laundered”—do not employ a laundry which uses special formulations, sour rinses, extermely large loads or extermely high temperatures or which otherwise is employed for commercial, industrial or institutional use. Employ laundering methods designed for residential use or use in a self-service establishment. f. “Small load”—smaller than normal washing load. g. “Delicate cycle” or “gentle cycle”—slow agitation and reduced time. h. “Durable press cycle” or “permanent press cycle”—cool down rinse or cold rinse before reduced spinning. i. “Separately”—alone. j. “With like colors”—with colors of similar hue and intensity. k. “Wash inside out”—turn product inside out to protect face of fabric. l. “Warm rinse”—initial water temperature setting 90° to 110 °F (32° to 43 °C). m. “Cold rinse”—initial water temperature setting same as cold water tap up to 85 °F (29 °C). n. “Rinse thoroughly”—rinse several times to remove detergent, soap, and bleach. o. “No spin” or “Do not spin”—remove material start of final spin cycle. p. “No wring” or “Do not wring”—do not use roller wringer, nor wring by hand. 2. Washing, Hand Methods: a. “Hand wash”—a process by which soil may be manually removed from products or specimens through the use of water, detergent or soap, and gentle squeezing action. When no temperature is given, e.g., “warm” or “cold”, hot water up to 150 °F (66 °C) can be regularly used. b. “Warm”—initial water temperature 90° to 110 °F (32° to 43 °C) (hand comfortable). c. “Cold”—initial water temperature same as cold water tap up to 85 °F (29 °C). d. “Separately”—alone. e. “With like colors”—with colors of similar hue and intensity. f. “No wring or twist”—handle to avoid wrinkles and distortion. g. “Rinse thoroughly”—rinse several times to remove detergent, soap, and bleach. h. “Damp wipe only”—surface clean with damp cloth or sponge. 3. Drying, All Methods: a. “Tumble dry”—use machine dryer. When no temperature setting is given, machine drying at a hot setting may be regularly used. b. “Medium”—set dryer at medium heat. c. “Low”—set dryer at low heat. d. “Durable press” or “Permanent press”—set dryer at permanent press setting. e. “No heat”—set dryer to operate without heat. f. “Remove promptly”—when items are dry, remove immediately to prevent wrinkling. g. “Drip dry”—hang dripping wet with or without hand shaping and smoothing. h. “Line dry”—hang damp from line or bar in or out of doors. i. “Line dry in shade”—dry away from sun. j. “Line dry away from heat”—dry away from heat. k. “Dry flat”—lay out horizontally for drying. l. “Block to dry”—reshape to original dimensions while drying. m. “Smooth by hand”—by hand, while wet, remove wrinkles, straighten seams and facings. 4. Ironing and Pressing: a. “Iron”—Ironing is needed. When no temperature is given iron at the highest temperature setting may be regularly used. b. “Warm iron”—medium temperature setting. c. “Cool iron”—lowest temperature setting. d. “Do not iron”—item not to be smoothed or finished with an iron. e. “Iron wrong side only”—article turned inside out for ironing or pressing. f. “No steam” or “Do not steam”—steam in any form not to be used. g. “Steam only”—steaming without contact pressure. h. “Steam press” or “Steam iron”—use iron at steam setting. i. “Iron damp”—articles to be ironed should feel moist. j. “Use press cloth”—use a dry or a damp cloth between iron and fabric. 5. Bleaching: a. “Bleach when needed”—all bleaches may be used when necessary. b. “No bleach” or “Do not bleach”—no bleaches may be used. c. “Only non-chlorine bleach, when needed”—only the bleach specified may be used when necessary. Chlorine bleach may not be used. 6. Washing or Drycleaning: a. “Wash or dryclean, any normal method”—can be machine washed in hot water, can be machine dried at a high setting, can be ironed at a hot setting, can be bleached with all commercially available bleaches and can be drycleaned with all commercially available solvents. 7. Drycleaning, All Procedures: a. “Dryclean”—a process by which soil may be removed from products or specimens in a machine which uses any common organic solvent (for example, petroleum, perchlorethylene, fluorocarbon) located in any commercial establishment. The process may include moisture addition to solvent up to 75% relative humidity, hot tumble drying up to 160 °F (71 °C) and restoration by steam press or steam-air finishing. b. “Professionally dryclean”—use the drycleaning process but modified to ensure optimum results either by a drycleaning attendant or through the use of a drycleaning machine which permits such modifications or both. Such modifications or special warnings must be included in the care instruction. c. “Petroleum”, “Fluorocarbon”, or “Perchlorethylene”—employ solvent(s) specified to dryclean the item. d. “Short cycle”—reduced or minimum cleaning time, depending upon solvent used. e. “Minimum extraction”—least possible extraction time. f. “Reduced moisture” or “Low moisture”—decreased relative humidity. g. “No tumble” or “Do not tumble”—do not tumble dry. h. “Tumble warm”—tumble dry up to 120 °F (49 °C). i. “Tumble cool”—tumble dry at room temperature. j. “Cabinet dry warm”—cabinet dry up to 120 °F (49 °C). k. “Cabinet dry cool”—cabinet dry at room temperature. l. “Steam only”—employ no contact pressure when steaming. m. “No steam” or “Do not steam”—do not use steam in pressing, finishing, steam cabinets or wands. 8. Leather and Suede Cleaning: a. “Leather clean”—have cleaned only by a professional cleaner who uses special leather or suede care methods. [48 FR 22743, May 20, 1983; 48 FR 24868, June 3, 1983; 48 FR 27225, June 14, 1983, as amended at 65 FR 47275, Aug. 2, 2000]