PART 94—CRIME VICTIM SERVICES Authority: 34 U.S.C. 20103, 20106, 20110(a), 20111. Source: 71 FR 52451, Sept. 6, 2006, unless otherwise noted. Subpart A—International Terrorism Victim Expense Reimbursement Program Introduction § 94.11 Purpose; construction and severability. (a) The purpose of this subpart is to implement the provisions of VOCA, Title II, Sec. 1404C (34 U.S.C. 20106), which authorize the Director (Director), Office for Victims of Crime (OVC), a component of the Office of Justice Programs (OJP), to establish a program to reimburse eligible victims of acts of international terrorism that occur outside the United States, for expenses associated with that victimization. (b) Any provision of this part held to be invalid or unenforceable by its terms, or as applied to any person or circumstance, shall be construed so as to give it the maximum effect permitted by law, unless such holding shall be one of utter invalidity or unenforceability, in which event such provision shall be deemed severable from this part and shall not affect the remainder thereof or the application of such provision to other persons not similarly situated or to other, dissimilar circumstances. [71 FR 52451, Sept. 6, 2006, as amended at 88 FR 3656, Jan. 20, 2023] § 94.12 Definitions. The following definitions shall apply to this subpart: (a) Child (1) Younger than 18 years of age; or (2) Over 18 years of age and a student, as defined in 5 U.S.C. 8101. (b) Claimant (c) Collateral sources (d) Deceased means (e) Dependent (f) Employee of the United States Government (1) Is an employee of the United States government under Federal law; or (2) Receives a salary or compensation of any kind from the United States Government for personal services directly rendered to the United States, similar to those of an individual in the United States Civil Service, or is a contractor of the United States Government (or an employee of such contractor) rendering such personal services. (g) Funeral and burial (h) Incapacitated (i) Incompetent (j) International terrorism (1) Involve violent acts or acts dangerous to human life that are a violation of the criminal laws of the United States or of any State, or that would be a criminal violation if committed within the jurisdiction of the United States or of any State; (2) Appear to be intended— (i) To intimidate or coerce a civilian population; (ii) To influence the policy of a government by intimidation or coercion; or (iii) To affect the conduct of a government by mass destruction, assassination, or kidnaping; and (3) Occur primarily outside the territorial jurisdiction of the United States, or transcend national boundaries in terms of the means by which they are accomplished, the persons they appear intended to intimidate or coerce, or the locale in which their perpetrators operate or seek asylum.” (k) Legal guardian (l) Medical expenses (m) Mental health (n) National of the United States (o) Officer of the United States government (p) Outside the United States (q) Parent (r) Property loss (s) Rehabilitation costs (t) Representative (u) Victim (1) (i) An individual who was present during the act of terrorism; (ii) An individual who was present during the immediate aftermath of the act of terrorism; or (iii) An emergency responder who assisted in efforts to search for and recover other victims; and (2) The spouse, children, parents, and siblings of a victim described in paragraph (u)(1) of this Section, and other persons, at the discretion of the Director, shall be considered “victims”, when the person described in such paragraph— (i) Dies as a result of the act of terrorism; (ii) Is younger than 18 years of age (or is incompetent or incapacitated) at the time of the act of terrorism, or; (iii) Is rendered incompetent or incapacitated as a result of the act of terrorism. [71 FR 52451, Sept. 6, 2006, as amended at 88 FR 3656, Jan. 20, 2023] § 94.13 Terms. The first three provisions of 1 U.S.C. 1 (rules of construction) shall apply to this subpart. Coverage § 94.21 Eligibility. (a) Except as provided in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, reimbursement of qualified expenses under this subpart is available to a victim of international terrorism or his representative, pursuant to 34 U.S.C. 20106(a)(3)(A). For purposes of eligibility for this program only, the Attorney General shall determine whether there is a reasonable indication that an act was one of international terrorism, within the meaning of that section. (b) Reimbursement shall be denied to any claimant if the Director, in consultation with appropriate Department of Justice (DOJ) officials, determines that there is a reasonable indication that either the victim with respect to whom the claim is made, or the claimant, was criminally culpable for the act of international terrorism. (c) Reimbursement may be reduced or denied to a claimant if the Director, in consultation with appropriate DOJ officials, determines that the victim with respect to whom the claim is made contributed materially to his own death or injury by— (1) Engaging in conduct that violates U.S. law or the law of the jurisdiction in which the act of international terrorism occurred; (2) Acting as a mercenary or “soldier of fortune”; (3) (As a non-U.S. Government employee), acting as an advisor, consultant, employee, or contractor, in a military or political capacity— (i) For a rebel or paramilitary organization; (ii) For a government not recognized by the United States; or (iii) In a country in which an official travel warning issued by the U.S. Department of State related to armed conflict was in effect at the time of the act of international terrorism; or (4) Engaging in grossly reckless conduct. [71 FR 52451, Sept. 6, 2006, as amended at 88 FR 3656, Jan. 20, 2023] § 94.22 Categories of expenses. The following categories of expenses, generally, may be reimbursed, with some limitations, as noted in § 94.23: medical care; mental health care; property loss; funeral and burial; and miscellaneous expenses (including temporary lodging, emergency travel, and transportation). Under this subpart, the Director shall not reimburse for attorneys' fees, lost wages, or non-economic losses (such as pain and suffering, loss of enjoyment of life, loss of consortium, etc.). § 94.23 Amount of reimbursement. Different categories of expenses are capped, as set forth in the chart below. Those caps may be adjusted, from time to time, by rulemaking. The cap in effect within a particular expense category, at the time that the application is received, shall apply to the award. § 94.24 Determination of award. After review of each application, the Director shall determine the eligibility of the victim or representative and the amount, if any, eligible for reimbursement, specifying the reasons for such determination and the findings of fact and conclusions of law supporting it. A copy of the determination shall be mailed to the claimant at his last known address. § 94.25 Collateral sources. (a) The amount of expenses reimbursed to a claimant under this subpart shall be reduced by any amount that the claimant receives from a collateral source in connection with the same act of international terrorism. In cases in which a claimant receives reimbursement under this subpart for expenses that also will or may be reimbursed from another source, the claimant shall subrogate the United States to the claim for payment from the collateral source up to the amount for which the claimant was reimbursed under this subpart. (b) Notwithstanding paragraph (a) of this section, when a collateral source provides supplemental reimbursement for a specific expense, beyond the maximum amount reimbursed for that expense under this subpart, the claimant's award under this subpart shall not be reduced by the amount paid by the collateral source, nor shall the claimant be required to subrogate the United States to the claim for payment from the collateral source, except that in no event shall the combined reimbursement under this subpart and any collateral source exceed the actual expense. Program Administration § 94.31 Application procedures. (a) To receive reimbursement, a claimant must submit a completed application under this program requesting payment based on an itemized list of expenses, and must submit original receipts. (b) Notwithstanding paragraph (a) of this Section, in cases involving incidents of terrorism preceding the establishment of this program where claimants may not have original receipts, and in cases in which the claimant certifies that the receipts have been destroyed or lost, the Director may, in his discretion, accept an itemized list of expenses. In each such case, the claimant must certify that original receipts are unavailable and attest that the items and amounts submitted in the list are true and correct to the best of his knowledge. In the event that it is later determined that a fraudulent certification was made, the United States may take action to recover any payment made under this section, and pursue criminal prosecution, as appropriate. § 94.32 Application deadline. For claims related to acts of international terrorism that occurred after October 6, 2006, the deadline to file an application is three years from the date of the act of international terrorism. For claims related to acts of international terrorism that occurred between December 21, 1988, and October 6, 2006, the deadline to file an application is October 6, 2009. At the discretion of the Director, the deadline for filing a claim may be tolled or extended upon a showing of good cause. [76 FR 19910, Apr. 11, 2011] § 94.33 Investigation and analysis of claims. The Director may seek an expert examination of claims submitted if he believes there is a reasonable basis for requesting additional evaluation. The claimant, in submitting an application for reimbursement, authorizes the Director to release information regarding claims or expenses listed in the application to an appropriate body for review. If the Director initiates an expert review, no identifying information for the victim or representative shall be released. Payment of Claims § 94.41 Interim emergency payment. Claimants may apply for an interim emergency payment, prior to a determination under § 94.21(a). If the Director determines that such payment is necessary to avoid or mitigate substantial hardship that may result from delaying reimbursement until complete and final consideration of an application, such payment may be made to cover immediate expenses such as those of medical care, funeral and burial, short-term lodging, and emergency transportation. The amount of an interim emergency payment shall be determined on a case-by-case basis, and shall be deducted from the final award amount. § 94.42 Repayment and waiver of repayment. A victim or representative shall reimburse the program upon a determination by the Director that an interim emergency award or final award was: Made to an ineligible victim or claimant; based on fraudulent information; or an overpayment. Except in the case of ineligibility pursuant to a determination by the Director, in consultation with appropriate DOJ officials, under § 94.21(b), the Director may waive such repayment requirement in whole or in part, for good cause, upon request. Appeal Procedures § 94.51 Request for reconsideration. A victim or representative may, within thirty (30) days after receipt of the determination under § 94.24, appeal the same to the Assistant Attorney General for the Office of Justice Programs, by submitting a written request for review. The Assistant Attorney General may conduct a review and make a determination based on the material submitted with the initial application, or may request additional documentation in order to conduct a more thorough review. In special circumstances, the Assistant Attorney General may determine that an oral hearing is warranted; in such cases, the hearing shall be held at a reasonable time and place. § 94.52 Final agency decision. In cases that are not appealed under § 94.51, the Director's determination pursuant to § 94.24 shall be the final agency decision. In all cases that are appealed, the Assistant Attorney General shall issue a notice of final determination, which shall be the final agency decision, setting forth the findings of fact and conclusions of law supporting his determination. Appendix to Subpart A of Part 94—International Terrorism Victim Expense Reimbursement Program (ITVERP); Chart of Expense Categories and Limits There are five major categories of expenses for which claimants may seek reimbursement under the ITVERP: (1) Medical expenses, including dental and rehabilitation costs; (2) Mental health care; (3) Property loss, repair, and replacement; (4) Funeral and burial costs; and (5) Miscellaneous expenses. Expense categories Subcategories and conditions Expense limits Medical expenses, including dental and rehabilitation costs Victim's medical care, including, without limitation, treatment, cure, and mitigation of disease or injury; replacement of medical devices, including, without limitation, eyeglasses or other corrective lenses, dental services, prosthetic devices, and prescription medication; and other services rendered in accordance with a method of healing recognized by the jurisdiction in which the medical care is administered. Up to $50,000. Mental health care Victim's (and, when victim is a minor, incompetent, incapacitated, or deceased, certain family members') mental health counseling costs Up to 12 months, but not to exceed $5,000. Property loss, repair, and replacement Includes crime scene cleanup, and replacement of personal property (not including medical devices) that is lost, destroyed, or held as evidence Up to $10,000 to cover repair or replacement, whichever is less. Funeral and burial costs Includes, without limitation, the cost of disposition of remains, preparation of the body and body tissue, refrigeration, transportation of remains, cremation, procurement of a final resting place, urns, markers, flowers and ornamentation, costs related to memorial services, and other reasonably associated activities Up to $25,000. Miscellaneous expenses Includes, without limitation, temporary lodging up to 30 days, local transportation, telephone costs, etc.; with respect to emergency travel, two family members' transportation costs to country where incident occurred (or other location, as appropriate) to recover remains, care for victim, care for victim's dependents, accompany victim to receive medical care abroad, accompany victim back to U.S., and attend to victim's affairs in host country Up to $15,000. Subpart B—VOCA Victim Assistance Program Source: 81 FR 44528, July 8, 2016, unless otherwise noted. General Provisions § 94.101 Purpose and scope; future guidance; construction and severability; compliance date. (a) Purpose and scope. (b) Future guidance. (c) Construction and severability. (d) Compliance date. i.e. [81 FR 44528, July 8, 2016, as amended at 88 FR 3656, Jan. 20, 2023] § 94.102 Definitions. As used in this subpart: Crime victim victim of crime Director Direct services services to victims of crime (1) Respond to the emotional, psychological, or physical needs of crime victims; (2) Assist victims to stabilize their lives after victimization; (3) Assist victims to understand and participate in the criminal justice system; or (4) Restore a measure of security and safety for the victim. OVC Project Spousal abuse State Administering Agency SAA Sub-recipient Victim of child abuse Victim of federal crime VOCA VOCA funds VOCA funding VOCA grant [81 FR 44528, July 8, 2016, as amended at 88 FR 3656, Jan. 20, 2023] SAA Program Requirements § 94.103 General. (a) Direct services. (b) SAA eligibility certification. (1) Priority will be given to programs providing assistance to victims of sexual assault, spousal abuse, or child abuse; (2) Funds will be made available to programs serving underserved victims; (3) VOCA funds awarded to the State, and by the State to eligible crime victim assistance programs, will not be used to supplant State and local government funds otherwise available for crime victim assistance. (c) Pass-through administration. (d) Strategic planning. (e) Coordination. (f) Compliance with other rules and requirements. (g) Access to records. [81 FR 44528, July 8, 2016, as amended at 88 FR 3656, Jan. 20, 2023] § 94.104 Allocation of sub-awards. (a) Directed allocation of forty percent overall. (b) Priority categories of crime victims (thirty percent total). (1) Sexual assault, (2) Spousal abuse and (3) Child abuse. (c) Previously underserved category (ten percent total). (d) Exceptions to required allocations. (e) Sub-award process: Documentation, conflicts of interest, and competition of funding to sub-recipients. (2) SAAs are encouraged to award funds through a competitive process, when feasible. Typically, such a process entails an open solicitation of applications and a documented determination, based on objective criteria set in advance by the SAA (or pass-through entity, as applicable). (f) Direct-service projects run by SAAs. [81 FR 44528, July 8, 2016, as amended by at FR 3656, Jan. 20, 2023] § 94.105 Reporting requirements. (a) Subgrant award reports. (b) Performance report. (c) Obligation to report fraud, waste, abuse, and similar misconduct. (1) Promptly notify OVC of any formal allegation or finding of fraud, waste, abuse, or similar misconduct involving VOCA funds; (2) Promptly refer any credible evidence of such misconduct to the Department of Justice Office of the Inspector General; and (3) Apprise OVC, in timely fashion, of the status of any on-going investigations § 94.106 Monitoring requirements. (a) Monitoring plan. (b) Monitoring frequency. (c) Recordkeeping. [81 FR 44528, July 8, 2016, as amended at 88 FR 3657, Jan. 20, 2023] SAA Use of Funds for Administration and Training § 94.107 Administration and training. (a) Amount. (b) Notification. (c) Availability. (d) Documentation. (e) Volunteer training. [81 FR 44528, July 8, 2016, as amended at 88 FR 3657, Jan. 20, 2023] § 94.108 Prohibited supplantation of funding for administrative costs. (a) Non-supplantation requirement. (b) Baseline for administrative costs. (1) Establish and document a baseline level of non-VOCA funding required to administer the State victim assistance program, based on SAA expenditures for administrative costs during that fiscal year and the previous fiscal year, prior to expending VOCA funds for administration; and (2) Submit the certification required by 34 U.S.C. 20110(h), which, as of July 8, 2016, requires an SAA to certify here that VOCA funds will not be used to supplant State funds, but will be used to increase the amount of such funds that would, in the absence of VOCA funds, be made available for administrative purposes. [81 FR 44528, July 8, 2016, as amended at 88 FR 3657, Jan. 20, 2023] § 94.109 Allowable administrative costs. (a) Funds for administration may be used only for costs directly associated with administering a State's victim assistance program. Where allowable administrative costs are allocable to both the crime victim assistance program and another State program, the VOCA grant may be charged no more than its proportionate share of such costs. SAAs may charge a federally-approved indirect cost rate to the VOCA grant, provided that the total amount charged does not exceed the amount prescribed by VOCA for training and administration. (b) Costs directly associated with administering a State victim assistance program generally include the following: (1) Salaries and benefits (2) Training (3) Monitoring compliance (4) Reporting (5) Program evaluation, (6) Program audit costs (7) Technology-related costs, e.g., e.g., (8) Memberships (9) Strategic planning, (10) Coordination and collaboration efforts (11) Publications, (12) General program improvements § 94.110 Allowable training costs. VOCA funds may be used only for training activities that occur within the award period, and all funds for training must be obligated prior to the end of such period. Allowable training costs generally include, but are not limited to, the following: (a) Statewide/regional training of personnel providing direct assistance and allied professionals, including VOCA funded and non-VOCA funded personnel, as well as managers and Board members of victim service agencies; and (b) Training academies for victim assistance. Sub-Recipient Program Requirements § 94.111 Eligible crime victim assistance programs. SAAs may award VOCA funds only to crime victim assistance programs that meet the requirements of VOCA, at 34 U.S.C. 20103(b)(1), and this subpart. Each such program shall abide by any additional criteria or reporting requirements established by the SAA. [81 FR 44528, July 8, 2016, as amended at 88 FR 3657, Jan. 20, 2023] § 94.112 Types of eligible organizations and organizational capacity. (a) Eligible programs. (1) Faith-based and neighborhood programs. (2) Crime victim compensation programs. (3) Victim service organizations located in an adjacent State. (4) Direct service programs run by the SAA. (b) Organizational capacity of the program. (1) Record of effective services to victims of crime and support from sources other than the Crime Victims Fund. (2) Substantial financial support from sources other than the Crime Victims Fund. [81 FR 44528, July 8, 2016, as amended at 88 FR 3657, Jan. 20, 2023] § 94.113 Use of volunteers, community efforts, compensation assistance. (a) Mandated use of volunteers; waiver. (b) Waiver of use of volunteers. (c) Promotion of community efforts to aid crime victims. (d) Assistance to victims in applying for compensation. [81 FR 44528, July 8, 2016, as amended at 88 FR 3657, Jan. 20, 2023] § 94.114 Prohibited discrimination. (a) The VOCA non-discrimination provisions specified at 34 U.S.C. 20110(e) shall be implemented in accordance with 28 CFR part 42. (b) In complying with VOCA, at 34 U.S.C. 20110(e), as implemented by 28 CFR part 42, SAAs and sub-recipients shall comply with such guidance as may be issued from time to time by the Office for Civil Rights within the Office of Justice Programs. [81 FR 44528, July 8, 2016, as amended at 88 FR 3657, Jan. 20, 2023] § 94.115 Non-disclosure of confidential or private information. (a) Confidentiality. (1) Any personally identifying information or individual information collected in connection with VOCA-funded services requested, utilized, or denied, regardless of whether such information has been encoded, encrypted, hashed, or otherwise protected; or (2) Individual client information, without the informed, written, reasonably time-limited consent of the person about whom information is sought, except that consent for release may not be given by the abuser of a minor, incapacitated person, or the abuser of the other parent of the minor. If a minor or a person with a legally appointed guardian is permitted by law to receive services without a parent's (or the guardian's) consent, the minor or person with a guardian may consent to release of information without additional consent from the parent or guardian. (b) Release. (c) Information sharing. (1) Non-personally identifying data in the aggregate regarding services to their clients and non-personally identifying demographic information in order to comply with reporting, evaluation, or data collection requirements; (2) Court-generated information and law-enforcement-generated information contained in secure governmental registries for protection order enforcement purposes; and (3) Law enforcement- and prosecution-generated information necessary for law enforcement and prosecution purposes. (d) Personally identifying information. (1) A crime victim be required to provide a consent to release personally identifying information as a condition of eligibility for VOCA-funded services; (2) Any personally identifying information be shared in order to comply with reporting, evaluation, or data-collection requirements of any program; (e) Mandatory reporting. Sub-Recipient Project Requirements § 94.116 Purpose of VOCA-funded projects. VOCA funds shall be available to sub-recipients only to provide direct services and supporting and administrative activities as set out in this subpart. SAAs shall ensure that VOCA sub-recipients obligate and expend funds in accordance with VOCA and this subpart. Sub-recipients must provide services to victims of federal crimes on the same basis as to victims of crimes under State or local law. Sub-recipients may provide direct services regardless of a victim's participation in the criminal justice process. Victim eligibility under this program for direct services is not dependent on the victim's immigration status. § 94.117 Cost of services; sub-recipient program income. (a) Cost of services. (b) Considerations for waiver. § 94.118 Project match requirements. (a) Project match amount. i.e., (b) Exceptions to project match requirement. (1) Sub-recipients that are federally-recognized American Indian or Alaska Native tribes, or projects that operate on tribal lands; (2) Sub-recipients that are territories or possessions of the United States (except for the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico), or projects that operate therein; and (3) Sub-recipients other than those described in paragraphs (b)(1) and (2) of this section, that have applied (through their SAAs) for, and been granted, a full or partial waiver from the Director. Waiver requests must be supported by the SAA and justified in writing. Waivers are entirely at the Director's discretion, but the Director typically considers factors such as local resources, annual budget changes, past ability to provide match, and whether the funding is for new or additional activities requiring additional match versus continuing activities where match is already provided. (c) Sources of project match. (1) Cash; i.e., (2) Volunteered professional or personal services, (3) Materials/Equipment, (4) Space and facilities, (5) Non-VOCA funded victim assistance activities, (d) Discounts. (e) Use of project match. (f) Recordkeeping for project match. Sub-Recipient Allowable/Unallowable Costs § 94.119 Allowable direct service costs. Direct services for which VOCA funds may be used include, but are not limited to, the following: (a) Immediate emotional, psychological, and physical health and safety (1) Crisis intervention services; (2) Accompanying victims to hospitals for medical examinations; (3) Hotline counseling; (4) Safety planning; (5) Emergency food, shelter, clothing, and transportation; (6) Short-term (up to 45 days) in-home care and supervision services for children and adults who remain in their own homes when the offender/caregiver is removed; (7) Short-term (up to 45 days) nursing-home, adult foster care, or group-home placement for adults for whom no other safe, short-term residence is available; (8) Window, door, or lock replacement or repair, and other repairs necessary to ensure a victim's safety; (9) Costs of the following, on an emergency basis ( i.e., (10) Emergency legal assistance, such as for filing for restraining or protective orders, and obtaining emergency custody orders and visitation rights; (b) Personal advocacy and emotional support (1) Working with a victim to assess the impact of the crime; (2) Identification of victim's needs; (3) Case management; (4) Management of practical problems created by the victimization; (5) Identification of resources available to the victim; (6) Provision of information, referrals, advocacy, and follow-up contact for continued services, as needed; and (7) Traditional, cultural, and/or alternative therapy/healing ( e.g., (c) Mental health counseling and care (d) Peer-support (e) Facilitation of participation in criminal justice and other public proceedings arising from the crime e.g., (1) Advocacy on behalf of a victim; (2) Accompanying a victim to offices and court; (3) Transportation, meals, and lodging to allow a victim who is not a witness to participate in a proceeding; (4) Interpreting for a non-witness victim who is deaf or hard of hearing, or with limited English proficiency; (5) Providing child care and respite care to enable a victim who is a caregiver to attend activities related to the proceeding; (6) Notification to victims regarding key proceeding dates ( e.g., (7) Assistance with Victim Impact Statements; (8) Assistance in recovering property that was retained as evidence; and (9) Assistance with restitution advocacy on behalf of crime victims. (f) Legal assistance (1) Those (other than criminal defense) that help victims assert their rights as victims in a criminal proceeding directly related to the victimization, or otherwise protect their safety, privacy, or other interests as victims in such a proceeding; (2) Motions to vacate or expunge a conviction, or similar actions, where the jurisdiction permits such a legal action based on a person's being a crime victim; and (3) Those actions (other than tort actions) that, in the civil context, are reasonably necessary as a direct result of the victimization; (g) Forensic medical evidence collection examinations (h) Forensic interviews (1) Results of the interview will be used not only for law enforcement and prosecution purposes, but also for identification of needs such as social services, personal advocacy, case management, substance abuse treatment, and mental health services; (2) Interviews are conducted in the context of a multi-disciplinary investigation and diagnostic team, or in a specialized setting such as a child advocacy center; and (3) The interviewer is trained to conduct forensic interviews appropriate to the developmental age and abilities of children, or the developmental, cognitive, and physical or communication disabilities presented by adults. (i) Transportation (j) Public awareness (k) Transitional housing (l) Relocation § 94.120 Allowable costs for activities supporting direct services. Supporting activities for which VOCA funds may be used include, but are not limited to, the following: (a) Coordination of activities (b) Supervision of direct service providers (c) Multi-system, interagency, multi-disciplinary response to crime victim needs (d) Contracts for professional services e.g., (e) Automated systems and technology e.g., (1) Whether such procurement will enhance direct services; (2) How any acquisition will be integrated into and/or enhance the program's current system; (3) The cost of installation; (4) The cost of training staff to use the automated systems and technology; (5) The ongoing operational costs, such as maintenance agreements, supplies; and (6) How additional costs relating to any acquisition will be supported; (f) Volunteer trainings (g) Restorative justice (1) The safety and security of the victim; (2) The cost versus the benefit or therapeutic value to the victim; (3) The procedures for ensuring that participation of the victim and offenders are voluntary and that the nature of the meeting is clear; (4) The provision of appropriate support and accompaniment for the victim; (5) Appropriate debriefing opportunities for the victim after the meeting; and (6) The credentials of the facilitators. § 94.121 Allowable sub-recipient administrative costs. Administrative costs for which VOCA funds may be used by sub-recipients include, but are not limited to, the following: (a) Personnel costs (b) Skills training for staff (c) Training-related travel (d) Organizational Expenses (e) Equipment and furniture e.g. (f) Operating costs (1) Supplies; (2) Equipment use fees; (3) Property insurance; (4) Printing, photocopying, and postage; (5) Courier service; (6) Brochures that describe available services; (7) Books and other victim-related materials; (8) Computer backup files/tapes and storage; (9) Security systems; (10) Design and maintenance of Web sites and social media; and (11) Essential communication services, such as web hosts and mobile device services. (g) VOCA administrative time (1) Completing VOCA-required time and attendance sheets and programmatic documentation, reports, and statistics; (2) Collecting and maintaining crime victims' records; (3) Conducting victim satisfaction surveys and needs assessments to improve victim services delivery in the project; and (4) Funding the prorated share of audit costs. (h) Leasing or purchasing vehicles (i) Maintenance, repair, or replacement of essential items (j) Project evaluation § 94.122 Expressly unallowable sub-recipient costs. Notwithstanding any other provision of this subpart, no VOCA funds may be used to fund or support the following: (a) Lobbying cf. (b) Research and studies (c) Active investigation and prosecution of criminal activities e.g., (d) Fundraising (e) Capital expenses (f) Compensation for victims of crime (g) Medical care (h) Salaries and expenses of management Subparts C-D [Reserved]