40 CFR Part 53 — Ambient Air Monitoring Reference and Equivalent Methods

PART 53—AMBIENT AIR MONITORING REFERENCE AND EQUIVALENT METHODS Authority: Sec. 301(a) of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. sec. 1857g(a)), as amended by sec. 15(c)(2) of Pub. L. 91-604, 84 Stat. 1713, unless otherwise noted. Source: 40 FR 7049, Feb. 18, 1975, unless otherwise noted. Subpart A—General Provisions Source: 62 FR 38784, July 18, 1997, unless otherwise noted. § 53.1 Definitions. Terms used but not defined in this part shall have the meaning given them by the Act. Act Additive and multiplicative bias Administrator Agency Applicant Automated method or analyzer Candidate method Class I equivalent method 2.5 10-2.5 Class II equivalent method 2.5 10-2.5 2.5 10-2.5 2.5 10-2.5 Class III equivalent method 2.5 10-2.5 2.5 10-2.5 2.5 10-2.5 CO Collocated Federal equivalent method (FEM) Federal reference method (FRM) ISO 9001-registered facility (1) An International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 9001-registered manufacturing facility, registered to the ISO 9001 standard (by the Registrar Accreditation Board (RAB) of the American Society for Quality Control (ASQC) in the United States), with registration maintained continuously; or (2) A facility that can be demonstrated, on the basis of information submitted to the EPA, to be operated according to an EPA-approved and periodically audited quality system which meets, to the extent appropriate, the same general requirements as an ISO 9001-registered facility for the design and manufacture of designated Federal reference method and Federal equivalent method samplers and monitors. ISO-certified auditor Manual method 10 2.5 NO NO 2 NO X 2 O 3 Operated simultaneously Pb PM 10 10C 2.5 10-2.5 PM 2.5 PM 10 PM 10C PM 10-2.5 PM 2.5 sampler 2.5 2.5 2.5 PM 10 sampler 10 10 10 PM 10C sampler 10 10C 10-2.5 10 10-2.5 10-2.5 PM 10-2.5 sampler 10-2.5 10-2.5 10C 2.5 10-2.5 Sequential samples for PM samplers SO 2 Test analyzer Test sampler 10 2.5 10-2.5 Ultimate purchaser [71 FR 61271, Oct. 17, 2006] § 53.2 General requirements for a reference method determination. The following general requirements for a Federal reference method (FRM) determination are summarized in table A-1 of this subpart. (a) Manual methods Sulfur dioxide (SO 2 2 (2) PM 10 10 10 (3) PM 2.5 2.5 2.5 (4) PM 10-2.5 10-2.5 10C 2.5 10-2.5 (b) Automated methods. 2 3 2 2 [71 FR 61271, Oct. 17, 2006, as amended at 75 FR 35597, June 22, 2010] § 53.3 General requirements for an equivalent method determination. (a) Manual methods. 10 2.5 10-2.5 (1) PM 10 10 10 (2) PM 2.5 Class I. 2.5 (3) PM 2.5 Class II. 2.5 (ii) In lieu of the applicable requirements specified for Class II PM 2.5 2.5 2.5 (4) PM 10-2.5 Class I. 10-2.5 10-2.5 (5) PM 10-2.5 Class II. 10-2.5 (ii) In lieu of the applicable requirements specified for Class II PM 10-2.5 10-2.5 10-2.5 (6) ISO 9001. 2.5 10-2.5 (b) Automated methods. (1) An automated FEM for pollutants other than PM must be shown in accordance with this part to satisfy the applicable requirements specified in subpart B of this part. (2) An automated FEM for PM 10 (3) A Class III automated FEM for PM 2.5 10-2.5 (i) All pertinent requirements of 40 CFR part 50, appendix L, including sampling height, range of operational conditions, ambient temperature and pressure sensors, outdoor enclosure, electrical power supply, control devices and operator interfaces, data output port, operation/instruction manual, data output and reporting requirements, and any other requirements that would be reasonably applicable to the method, unless adequate (as determined by the Administrator) rationale can be provided to support the contention that a particular requirement does not or should not be applicable to the particular candidate method. (ii) All pertinent tests and requirements of subpart E of this part, such as instrument manufacturing quality control; final assembly and inspection; manufacturer's audit checklists; leak checks; flow rate accuracy, measurement accuracy, and flow rate cut-off; operation following power interruptions; effect of variations in power line voltage, ambient temperature and ambient pressure; and aerosol transport; unless adequate (as determined by the Administrator) rationale can be provided to support the contention that a particular test or requirement does not or should not be applicable to the particular candidate method. (iii) Candidate methods shall be tested for and meet any performance requirements, such as inlet aspiration, particle size separation or selection characteristics, change in particle separation or selection characteristics due to loading or other operational conditions, or effects of surface exposure and particle volatility, determined by the Administrator to be necessary based on the nature, design, and specifics of the candidate method and the extent to which it deviates from the design and performance characteristics of the reference method. These performance requirements and the specific test(s) for them will be determined by Administrator for each specific candidate method or type of candidate method and may be similar to or based on corresponding tests and requirements set forth in subpart F of this part or may be special requirements and tests tailored by the Administrator to the specific nature, design, and operational characteristics of the candidate method. For example, a candidate method with an inlet design deviating substantially from the design of the reference method inlet would likely be subject to an inlet aspiration test similar to that set forth in § 53.63. Similarly, a candidate method having an inertial fractionation system substantially different from that of the reference method would likely be subject to a static fractionation test and a loading test similar to those set forth in §§ 53.64 and 53.65, respectively. A candidate method with more extensive or profound deviations from the design and function of the reference method may be subject to other tests, full wind-tunnel tests similar to those described in § 53.62, or to special tests adapted or developed individually to accommodate the specific type of measurement or operation of the candidate method. (4) All designated FEM for PM 2.5 10-2.5 [71 FR 61271, Oct. 17, 2006] § 53.4 Applications for reference or equivalent method determinations. (a) Applications for FRM or FEM determinations and modification requests of existing designated instruments shall be submitted to: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Director, Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling, Reference and Equivalent Methods Designation Program (MD-D205-03), 109 T.W. Alexander Drive, P.O. Box 12055, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711 (commercial delivery address: 4930 Old Page Road, Durham, North Carolina 27703). (b) Each application shall be signed by an authorized representative of the applicant, shall be marked in accordance with § 53.15 (if applicable), and shall contain the following: (1) A clear identification of the candidate method, which will distinguish it from all other methods such that the method may be referred to unambiguously. This identification must consist of a unique series of descriptors such as title, identification number, analyte, measurement principle, manufacturer, brand, model, etc., as necessary to distinguish the method from all other methods or method variations, both within and outside the applicant's organization. (2) A detailed description of the candidate method, including but not limited to the following: The measurement principle, manufacturer, name, model number and other forms of identification, a list of the significant components, schematic diagrams, design drawings, and a detailed description of the apparatus and measurement procedures. Drawings and descriptions pertaining to candidate methods or samplers for PM 2.5 10-2.5 (3) A copy of a comprehensive operation or instruction manual providing a complete and detailed description of the operational, maintenance, and calibration procedures prescribed for field use of the candidate method and all instruments utilized as part of that method (under § 53.9(a)). (i) As a minimum this manual shall include: (A) Description of the method and associated instruments. (B) Explanation of all indicators, information displays, and controls. (C) Complete setup and installation instructions, including any additional materials or supplies required. (D) Details of all initial or startup checks or acceptance tests and any auxiliary equipment required. (E) Complete operational instructions. (F) Calibration procedures and descriptions of required calibration equipment and standards. (G) Instructions for verification of correct or proper operation. (H) Trouble-shooting guidance and suggested corrective actions for abnormal operation. (I) Required or recommended routine, periodic, and preventative maintenance and maintenance schedules. (J) Any calculations required to derive final concentration measurements. (K) Appropriate references to any applicable appendix of part 50 of this chapter; reference 6 of appendix A of this subpart; and any other pertinent guidelines. (ii) The manual shall also include adequate warning of potential safety hazards that may result from normal use and/or malfunction of the method and a description of necessary safety precautions. (See § 53.9(b).) However, the previous requirement shall not be interpreted to constitute or imply any warranty of safety of the method by EPA. For samplers and automated methods, the manual shall include a clear description of all procedures pertaining to installation, operation, preventive maintenance, and troubleshooting and shall also include parts identification diagrams. The manual may be used to satisfy the requirements of paragraphs (b)(1) and (2) of this section to the extent that it includes information necessary to meet those requirements. (4) A statement that the candidate method has been tested in accordance with the procedures described in subparts B, C, D, E, and/or F of this part, as applicable. (5) Descriptions of test facilities and test configurations, test data, records, calculations, and test results as specified in subparts B, C, D, E, and/or F of this part, as applicable. Data must be sufficiently detailed to meet appropriate principles described in part B, sections 3.3.1 (paragraph 1) and 3.5.1 and part C, section 4.6 of reference 2 of appendix A of this subpart; and in paragraphs 1 through 3 of section 4.8 (Records) of reference 5 of appendix A of this subpart. Salient requirements from these references include the following: (i) The applicant shall maintain and include records of all relevant measuring equipment, including the make, type, and serial number or other identification, and most recent calibration with identification of the measurement standard or standards used and their National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) traceability. These records shall demonstrate the measurement capability of each item of measuring equipment used for the application and include a description and justification (if needed) of the measurement setup or configuration in which it was used for the tests. The calibration results shall be recorded and identified in sufficient detail so that the traceability of all measurements can be determined and any measurement could be reproduced under conditions close to the original conditions, if necessary, to resolve any anomalies. (ii) Test data shall be collected according to the standards of good practice and by qualified personnel. Test anomalies or irregularities shall be documented and explained or justified. The impact and significance of the deviation on test results and conclusions shall be determined. Data collected shall correspond directly to the specified test requirement and be labeled and identified clearly so that results can be verified and evaluated against the test requirement. Calculations or data manipulations must be explained in detail so that they can be verified. (6) A statement that the method, analyzer, or sampler tested in accordance with this part is representative of the candidate method described in the application. (7) All written materials for new FRM and FEM applications and modification requests must be submitted in English in MS Word format. For any calibration certificates originally written in a non-English language, the original non-English version of the certificate must be submitted to EPA along with a version of the certificate translated to English. All laboratory and field data associated with new FRM and FEM applications and modification requests must be submitted in MS Excel format. All worksheets in MS Excel must be unprotected to enable full inspection as part of the application review process. (c) For candidate automated methods and candidate manual methods for PM 10 2.5 10-2.5 (1) A detailed description of the quality system that will be utilized, if the candidate method is designated as a reference or equivalent method, to ensure that all analyzers or samplers offered for sale under that designation will have essentially the same performance characteristics as the analyzer(s) or samplers tested in accordance with this part. In addition, the quality system requirements for candidate methods for PM 2.5 10-2.5 (2) A description of the durability characteristics of such analyzers or samplers (see § 53.9(c)). For methods for PM 2.5 10-2.5 (i) Section 4.12 in reference 1 of appendix A of this subpart requires the manufacturer to establish and maintain a system of procedures for identifying and maintaining the identification of inspection and test status throughout all phases of manufacturing to ensure that only instruments that have passed the required inspections and tests are released for sale. (ii) Section 4.13 in reference 1 of appendix A of this subpart requires documented procedures for control of nonconforming product, including review and acceptable alternatives for disposition; section 4.14 in reference 1 of appendix A of this subpart requires documented procedures for implementing corrective (4.14.2) and preventive (4.14.3) action to eliminate the causes of actual or potential nonconformities. In particular, section 4.14.3 requires that potential causes of nonconformities be eliminated by using information such as service reports and customer complaints to eliminate potential causes of nonconformities. (d) For candidate reference or equivalent methods or for designated instruments that are the subject of a modification request, the applicant, if requested by EPA, shall provide to EPA a representative sampler or analyzer for test purposes. The sampler or analyzer shall be shipped free on board (FOB) destination to Director, Center for Environmental Measurements and Modeling, Reference and Equivalent Methods Designation Program (MD D205-03), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 4930 Old Page Road, Durham, North Carolina 27703, scheduled to arrive concurrently with or within 30 days of the arrival of the other application materials. This sampler or analyzer may be subjected to various tests that EPA determines to be necessary or appropriate under § 53.5(f), and such tests may include special tests not described in this part. If the instrument submitted under this paragraph (d) malfunctions, becomes inoperative, or fails to perform as represented in the application before the necessary EPA testing is completed, the applicant shall be afforded the opportunity to repair or replace the device at no cost to the EPA. Upon completion of EPA testing, the sampler or analyzer submitted under this paragraph (d) shall be repacked by EPA for return shipment to the applicant, using the same packing materials used for shipping the instrument to EPA unless alternative packing is provided by the applicant. Arrangements for, and the cost of, return shipment shall be the responsibility of the applicant. The EPA does not warrant or assume any liability for the condition of the sampler or analyzer upon return to the applicant. [71 FR 61271, Oct. 17, 2006, as amended at 89 FR 16382, Mar. 6, 2024] § 53.5 Processing of applications. After receiving an application for a FRM or FEM determination, the Administrator will, within 120 calendar days after receipt of the application, take one or more of the following actions: (a) Send notice to the applicant, in accordance with § 53.8, that the candidate method has been determined to be a reference or equivalent method. (b) Send notice to the applicant that the application has been rejected, including a statement of reasons for rejection. (c) Send notice to the applicant that additional information must be submitted before a determination can be made and specify the additional information that is needed (in such cases, the 120-day period shall commence upon receipt of the additional information). (d) Send notice to the applicant that additional test data must be submitted and specify what tests are necessary and how the tests shall be interpreted (in such cases, the 120-day period shall commence upon receipt of the additional test data). (e) Send notice to the applicant that the application has been found to be substantially deficient or incomplete and cannot be processed until additional information is submitted to complete the application and specify the general areas of substantial deficiency. (f) Send notice to the applicant that additional tests will be conducted by the Administrator, specifying the nature of and reasons for the additional tests and the estimated time required (in such cases, the 120-day period shall commence 1 calendar day after the additional tests have been completed). [71 FR 61271, Oct. 17, 2006] § 53.6 Right to witness conduct of tests. (a) Submission of an application for a reference or equivalent method determination shall constitute consent for the Administrator or the Administrator's authorized representative, upon presentation of appropriate credentials, to witness or observe any tests required by this part in connection with the application or in connection with any modification or intended modification of the method by the applicant. (b) The applicant shall have the right to witness or observe any test conducted by the Administrator in connection with the application or in connection with any modification or intended modification of the method by the applicant. (c) Any tests by either party that are to be witnessed or observed by the other party shall be conducted at a time and place mutually agreeable to both parties. § 53.7 Testing of methods at the initiative of the Administrator. (a) In the absence of an application for a reference or equivalent method determination, the Administrator may conduct the tests required by this part for such a determination, may compile such other information as may be necessary in the judgment of the Administrator to make such a determination, and on the basis of the tests and information may determine that a method satisfies applicable requirements of this part. (b) In the absence of an application requesting the Administrator to consider revising an appendix to part 50 of this chapter in accordance with § 53.16, the Administrator may conduct such tests and compile such information as may be necessary in the Administrator's judgment to make a determination under § 53.16(d) and on the basis of the tests and information make such a determination. (c) If a method tested in accordance with this section is designated as a reference or equivalent method in accordance with § 53.8 or is specified or designated as a reference method in accordance with § 53.16, any person or entity who offers the method for sale as a reference or equivalent method thereafter shall assume the rights and obligations of an applicant for purposes of this part, with the exception of those pertaining to submission and processing of applications. § 53.8 Designation of reference and equivalent methods. (a) A candidate method determined by the Administrator to satisfy the applicable requirements of this part shall be designated as an FRM or FEM (as applicable) by and upon publication of the designation in the Federal Register. Federal Register (b) Upon designation, a notice indicating that the method has been designated as a FRM or FEM shall be sent to the applicant. (c) The Administrator will maintain a current list of methods designated as FRM or FEM in accordance with this part and will send a copy of the list to any person or group upon request. A copy of the list will be available via the Internet and may be available from other sources. [71 FR 61276, Oct. 17, 2006, as amended at 75 FR 35597, June 22, 2010; 89 FR 16382, Mar. 6, 2024] § 53.9 Conditions of designation. Designation of a candidate method as a FRM or FEM shall be conditioned to the applicant's compliance with the following requirements. Failure to comply with any of the requirements shall constitute a ground for cancellation of the designation in accordance with § 53.11. (a) Any method offered for sale as a FRM or FEM shall be accompanied by a copy of the manual referred to in § 53.4(b)(3) when delivered to any ultimate purchaser, and an electronic copy of the manual suitable for incorporating into user-specific standard operating procedure documents shall be readily available to any users. (b) Any method offered for sale as a FRM or FEM shall generate no unreasonable hazard to operators or to the environment during normal use or when malfunctioning. (c) Any analyzer, PM 10 2.5 10-2.5 (d) Any analyzer, PM 10 2.5 10-2.5 (e) If an analyzer is offered for sale as a FRM or FEM and has one or more selectable ranges, the label or sticker required by paragraph (d) of this section shall be placed in close proximity to the range selector and shall indicate clearly which range or ranges have been designated as parts of the FRM or FEM. (f) An applicant who offers analyzers, PM 10 2.5 10-2.5 (g) If an applicant modifies an analyzer, PM 10 2.5 10-2.5 (h) An applicant who has offered PM 2.5 10-2.5 [71 FR 61276, Oct. 17, 2006, as amended at 78 FR 3281, Jan. 15, 2013; 80 FR 65460, Oct. 26, 2015] § 53.10 Appeal from rejection of application. Any applicant whose application for a reference or equivalent method determination has been rejected may appeal the Administrator's decision by taking one or more of the following actions: (a) The applicant may submit new or additional information in support of the application. (b) The applicant may request that the Administrator reconsider the data and information already submitted. (c) The applicant may request that any test conducted by the Administrator that was a material factor in the decision to reject the application be repeated. § 53.11 Cancellation of reference or equivalent method designation. (a) Preliminary finding. (b) Notification and opportunity to demonstrate or achieve compliance. Federal Register. (2) The applicant will be afforded an opportunity to demonstrate or to achieve compliance with the requirements of this part within 60 days after publication of notice in accordance with paragraph (b)(1) of this section or within such further period as the Administrator may allow, by demonstrating to the satisfaction of the Administrator that the method in question satisfies the requirements of this part, by commencing a program to make any adjustments that are necessary to bring the method into compliance, or by taking such action as may be necessary to cure any violation of the requirements of § 53.9. If adjustments are necessary to bring the method into compliance, all such adjustments shall be made within a reasonable time as determined by the Administrator. If the applicant demonstrates or achieves compliance in accordance with this paragraph (b)(2), the Administrator will publish notice of such demonstration or achievement in the Federal Register. (c) Request for hearing. (d) Notice of cancellation. Federal Register § 53.12 Request for hearing on cancellation. Within 60 days after publication of a notice in accordance with § 53.11(b)(1), the applicant or any interested person may request a hearing on the Administrator's action. If, after reviewing the request and supporting data, the Administrator finds that the request raises a substantial issue of fact, a hearing will be granted in accordance with § 53.13 with respect to such issue. The request shall be in writing, signed by an authorized representative of the applicant or interested person, and shall include a statement specifying: (a) Any objections to the Administrator's action. (b) Data or other information in support of such objections. § 53.13 Hearings. (a)(1) After granting a request for a hearing under § 53.12, the Administrator will designate a presiding officer for the hearing. (2) If a time and place for the hearing have not been fixed by the Administrator, the hearing will be held as soon as practicable at a time and place fixed by the presiding officer, except that the hearing shall in no case be held sooner than 30 days after publication of a notice of hearing in the Federal Register. (3) For purposes of the hearing, the parties shall include EPA, the applicant or interested person(s) who requested the hearing, and any person permitted to intervene in accordance with paragraph (c) of this section. (4) The Deputy General Counsel or the Deputy General Counsel's representative will represent EPA in any hearing under this section. (5) Each party other than EPA may be represented by counsel or by any other duly authorized representative. (b)(1) Upon appointment, the presiding officer will establish a hearing file. The file shall contain copies of the notices issued by the Administrator pursuant to § 53.11(b)(1), together with any accompanying material, the request for a hearing and supporting data submitted therewith, the notice of hearing published in accordance with paragraph (a)(2) of this section, and correspondence and other material data relevant to the hearing. (2) The hearing file shall be available for inspection by the parties or their representatives at the office of the presiding officer, except to the extent that it contains information identified in accordance with § 53.15. (c) The presiding officer may permit any interested person to intervene in the hearing upon such a showing of interest as the presiding officer may require; provided that permission to intervene may be denied in the interest of expediting the hearing where it appears that the interests of the person seeking to intervene will be adequately represented by another party (or by other parties), including EPA. (d)(1) The presiding officer, upon the request of any party or at the officer's discretion, may arrange for a prehearing conference at a time and place specified by the officer to consider the following: (i) Simplification of the issues. (ii) Stipulations, admissions of fact, and the introduction of documents. (iii) Limitation of the number of expert witnesses. (iv) Possibility of agreement on disposing of all or any of the issues in dispute. (v) Such other matters as may aid in the disposition of the hearing, including such additional tests as may be agreed upon by the parties. (2) The results of the conference shall be reduced to writing by the presiding officer and made part of the record. (e)(1) Hearings shall be conducted by the presiding officer in an informal but orderly and expeditious manner. The parties may offer oral or written evidence, subject to exclusion by the presiding officer of irrelevant, immaterial, or repetitious evidence. (2) Witnesses shall be placed under oath. (3) Any witness may be examined or cross-examined by the presiding officer, the parties, or their representatives. The presiding officer may, at his/her discretion, limit cross-examination to relevant and material issues. (4) Hearings shall be reported verbatim. Copies of transcripts of proceedings may be purchased from the reporter. (5) All written statements, charts, tabulations, and data offered in evidence at the hearing shall, upon a showing satisfactory to the presiding officer of their authenticity, relevancy, and materiality, be received in evidence and shall constitute part of the record. (6) Oral argument shall be permitted. The presiding officer may limit oral presentations to relevant and material issues and designate the amount of time allowed for oral argument. (f)(1) The presiding officer shall make an initial decision which shall include written findings and conclusions and the reasons therefore on all the material issues of fact, law, or discretion presented on the record. The findings, conclusions, and written decision shall be provided to the parties and made part of the record. The initial decision shall become the decision of the Administrator without further proceedings unless there is an appeal to, or review on motion of, the Administrator within 30 calendar days after the initial decision is filed. (2) On appeal from or review of the initial decision, the Administrator will have all the powers consistent with making the initial decision, including the discretion to require or allow briefs, oral argument, the taking of additional evidence or the remanding to the presiding officer for additional proceedings. The decision by the Administrator will include written findings and conclusions and the reasons or basis therefore on all the material issues of fact, law, or discretion presented on the appeal or considered in the review. § 53.14 Modification of a reference or equivalent method. (a) An applicant who offers a method for sale as a reference or equivalent method shall report to the EPA Administrator prior to implementation any intended modification of the method, including but not limited to modifications of design or construction or of operational and maintenance procedures specified in the operation manual (see § 53.9(g)). The report shall be signed by an authorized representative of the applicant, marked in accordance with § 53.15 (if applicable), and addressed as specified in § 53.4(a). (b) A report submitted under paragraph (a) of this section shall include: (1) A description, in such detail as may be appropriate, of the intended modification. (2) A brief statement of the applicant's belief that the modification will, will not, or may affect the performance characteristics of the method. (3) A brief statement of the probable effect if the applicant believes the modification will or may affect the performance characteristics of the method. (4) Such further information, including test data, as may be necessary to explain and support any statement required by paragraphs (b)(2) and (b)(3) of this section. (c) Within 90 calendar days after receiving a report under paragraph (a) of this section, the Administrator will take one or more of the following actions: (1) Notify the applicant that the designation will continue to apply to the method if the modification is implemented. (2) Send notice to the applicant that a new designation will apply to the method (as modified) if the modification is implemented, submit notice of the determination for publication in the Federal Register, (3) Send notice to the applicant that the designation will not apply to the method (as modified) if the modification is implemented and submit notice of the determination for publication in the Federal Register. (4) Send notice to the applicant that additional information must be submitted before a determination can be made and specify the additional information that is needed (in such cases, the 90-day period shall commence upon receipt of the additional information). (5) Send notice to the applicant that additional tests are necessary and specify which tests are necessary and how they shall be interpreted (in such cases, the 90-day period shall commence upon receipt of the additional test data). (6) Send notice to the applicant that additional tests will be conducted by the Administrator and specify the reasons for and the nature of the additional tests (in such cases, the 90-day period shall commence 1 calendar day after the additional tests are completed). (d) An applicant who has received a notice under paragraph (c)(3) of this section may appeal the Administrator's action as follows: (1) The applicant may submit new or additional information pertinent to the intended modification. (2) The applicant may request the Administrator to reconsider data and information already submitted. (3) The applicant may request that the Administrator repeat any test conducted that was a material factor in the Administrator's determination. A representative of the applicant may be present during the performance of any such retest. [62 FR 38784, July 18, 1997, as amended at 80 FR 65460, Oct. 26, 2015; 89 FR 16382, Mar. 6, 2024] § 53.15 Trade secrets and confidential or privileged information. Any information submitted under this part that is claimed to be a trade secret or confidential or privileged information shall be marked or otherwise clearly identified as such in the submittal. Information so identified will be treated in accordance with part 2 of this chapter (concerning public information). § 53.16 Supersession of reference methods. (a) This section prescribes procedures and criteria applicable to requests that the Administrator specify a new reference method, or a new measurement principle and calibration procedure on which reference methods shall be based, by revision of the appropriate appendix to part 50 of this chapter. Such action will ordinarily be taken only if the Administrator determines that a candidate method or a variation thereof is substantially superior to the existing reference method(s). (b) In exercising discretion under this section, the Administrator will consider: (1) The benefits, in terms of the requirements and purposes of the Act, that would result from specifying a new reference method or a new measurement principle and calibration procedure. (2) The potential economic consequences of such action for State and local control agencies. (3) Any disruption of State and local air quality monitoring programs that might result from such action. (c) An applicant who wishes the Administrator to consider revising an appendix to part 50 of this chapter on the ground that the applicant's candidate method is substantially superior to the existing reference method(s) shall submit an application for a reference or equivalent method determination in accordance with § 53.4 and shall indicate therein that such consideration is desired. The application shall include, in addition to the information required by § 53.4, data and any other information supporting the applicant's claim that the candidate method is substantially superior to the existing reference method(s). (d) After receiving an application under paragraph (c) of this section, the Administrator will publish notice of its receipt in the Federal Register (1) Determine that it is appropriate to propose a revision of the appendix to part 50 of this chapter in question and send notice of the determination to the applicant. (2) Determine that it is inappropriate to propose a revision of the appendix to part 50 of this chapter in question, determine whether the candidate method is a reference or equivalent method, and send notice of the determinations, including a statement of reasons for the determination not to propose a revision, to the applicant. (3) Send notice to the applicant that additional information must be submitted before a determination can be made and specify the additional information that is needed (in such cases, the 120-day period shall commence upon receipt of the additional information). (4) Send notice to the applicant that additional tests are necessary, specifying what tests are necessary and how the test shall be interpreted (in such cases, the 120-day period shall commence upon receipt of the additional test data). (5) Send notice to the applicant that additional tests will be conducted by the Administrator, specifying the nature of and reasons for the additional tests and the estimated time required (in such cases, the 120-day period shall commence 1 calendar day after the additional tests have been completed). (e)(1)(i) After making a determination under paragraph (d)(1) of this section, the Administrator will publish a notice of proposed rulemaking in the Federal Register. (A) To revise the appendix to part 50 of this chapter in question. (B) Where the appendix specifies a measurement principle and calibration procedure, to cancel reference method designations based on the appendix. (C) To cancel equivalent method designations based on the existing reference method(s). (ii) The notice of proposed rulemaking will include the terms or substance of the proposed revision, will indicate what period(s) of time the Administrator proposes to allow for replacement of existing methods under section 2.3 of appendix C to part 58 of this chapter, and will solicit public comments on the proposal with particular reference to the considerations set forth in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section. (2)(i) If, after consideration of comments received, the Administrator determines that the appendix to part 50 in question should be revised, the Administrator will, by publication in the Federal Register (A) Promulgate the proposed revision, with such modifications as may be appropriate in view of comments received. (B) Where the appendix to part 50 (prior to revision) specifies a measurement principle and calibration procedure, cancel reference method designations based on the appendix. (C) Cancel equivalent method designations based on the existing reference method(s). (D) Specify the period(s) that will be allowed for replacement of existing methods under section 2.3 of appendix C to part 58 of this chapter, with such modifications from the proposed period(s) as may be appropriate in view of comments received. (3) Canceled designations will be deleted from the list maintained under § 53.8(c). The requirements and procedures for cancellation set forth in § 53.11 shall be inapplicable to cancellation of reference or equivalent method designations under this section. (4) If the appendix to part 50 of this chapter in question is revised to specify a new measurement principle and calibration procedure on which the applicant's candidate method is based, the Administrator will take appropriate action under § 53.5 to determine whether the candidate method is a reference method. (5) Upon taking action under paragraph (e)(2) of this section, the Administrator will send notice of the action to all applicants for whose methods reference and equivalent method designations are canceled by such action. (f) An applicant who has received notice of a determination under paragraph (d)(2) of this section may appeal the determination by taking one or more of the following actions: (1) The applicant may submit new or additional information in support of the application. (2) The applicant may request that the Administrator reconsider the data and information already submitted. (3) The applicant may request that any test conducted by the Administrator that was a material factor in making the determination be repeated. Table A-1 to Subpart A of Part 53—Summary of Applicable Requirements for Reference and Equivalent Methods for Air Monitoring of Criteria Pollutants Pollutant Reference or equivalent Manual or automated Applicable Applicable subparts of this part A B C D E F SO 2 Reference Manual A-2 Automated A-1 ✓ ✓ Equivalent Manual A-1 ✓ ✓ Automated A-1 ✓ ✓ ✓ CO Reference Automated C ✓ ✓ Equivalent Manual C ✓ ✓ Automated C ✓ ✓ ✓ O 3 Reference Automated D ✓ ✓ Equivalent Manual D ✓ ✓ Automated D ✓ ✓ ✓ NO 2 Reference Automated F ✓ ✓ Equivalent Manual F ✓ ✓ Automated F ✓ ✓ ✓ Pb Reference Manual G Equivalent Manual G ✓ ✓ Automated G ✓ ✓ PM 10 Reference Manual Q Equivalent Manual Q ✓ ✓ Automated Q ✓ ✓ PM 10 Reference Manual J ✓ ✓ Equivalent Manual J ✓ ✓ ✓ Automated J ✓ ✓ ✓ PM 2.5 Reference Manual L ✓ ✓ Equivalent Class I Manual L ✓ ✓ ✓ Equivalent Class II Manual L 1 ✓ 2 ✓ 1 2 Equivalent Class III Automated L 1 ✓ ✓ ✓ 1 PM 10-2.5 Reference Manual L, 2 ✓ ✓ Equivalent Class I Manual L, 2 ✓ ✓ ✓ Equivalent Class II Manual L, 2 ✓ 2 ✓ 1,2 Equivalent Class III Automated 1 1 2 ✓ ✓ ✓ 1 1 2 [89 FR 16382, Mar. 6, 2024] Appendix A to Subpart A of Part 53—References (1) American National Standard Quality Systems—Model for Quality Assurance in Design, Development, Production, Installation, and Servicing, ANSI/ISO/ASQC Q9001-1994. Available from American Society for Quality, P.O. Box 3005, Milwaukee, WI 53202 ( http://qualitypress.asq.org (2) American National Standard Quality Systems for Environmental Data and Technology Programs—Requirements with guidance for use, ANSI/ASQC E4-2004. Available from American Society for Quality P.O. Box 3005, Milwaukee, WI 53202 ( http://qualitypress.asq.org (3) Dimensioning and Tolerancing, ASME Y14.5M-1994. Available from the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 345 East 47th Street, New York, NY 10017. (4) Mathematical Definition of Dimensioning and Tolerancing Principles, ASME Y14.5.1M-1994. Available from the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 345 East 47th Street, New York, NY 10017. (5) ISO 10012, Quality Assurance Requirements for Measuring Equipment-Part 1: Meteorological confirmation system for measuring equipment):1992(E). Available from American Society for Quality Control, 611 East Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 53202. (6) Quality Assurance Guidance Document 2.12. Monitoring PM 2.5 http://www.epa.gov/ttn/amtic/pmqainf.html. [62 FR 38784, July 18, 1997, as amended at 71 FR 61278, Oct. 17, 2006] Subpart B—Procedures for Testing Performance Characteristics of Automated Methods for SO 2 3 2 Source: 76 FR 54326, Aug. 31, 2011, unless otherwise noted. § 53.20 General provisions. (a) The test procedures given in this subpart shall be used to test the performance of candidate automated methods against the performance requirement specifications given in table B-1 to subpart B of part 53. A test analyzer representative of the candidate automated method must exhibit performance better than, or not outside, the specified limit or limits for each such performance parameter specified (except range) to satisfy the requirements of this subpart. Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, the measurement range of the candidate method must be the standard range specified in table B-1 to subpart B of part 53 to satisfy the requirements of this subpart. (b) Measurement ranges. (i) Higher ranges. i.e., (ii) Lower ranges. i.e., 2 (iii) If the tests are conducted and passed only for the specified standard range, any FRM or FEM determination with respect to the method will be limited to that range. If the tests are passed for both the specified range and one or more higher or lower ranges, any such determination will include the additional higher or lower range(s) as well as the specified standard range. Appropriate test data shall be submitted for each range sought to be included in a FRM or FEM method determination under this paragraph (b). (c) For each performance parameter (except range), the test procedure shall be initially repeated seven (7) times to yield 7 test results. Each result shall be compared with the corresponding performance limit specification in table B-1 to subpart B of part 53; a value higher than or outside the specified limit or limits constitutes a failure. These 7 results for each parameter shall be interpreted as follows: (1) Zero (0) failures: The candidate method passes the test for the performance parameter. (2) Three (3) or more failures: The candidate method fails the test for the performance parameter. (3) One (1) or two (2) failures: Repeat the test procedures for the performance parameter eight (8) additional times yielding a total of fifteen (15) test results. The combined total of 15 test results shall then be interpreted as follows: (i) One (1) or two (2) failures: The candidate method passes the test for the performance parameter. (ii) Three (3) or more failures: The candidate method fails the test for the performance parameter. (d) The tests for zero drift, span drift, lag time, rise time, fall time, precision noise, lower detectable limit, interference equivalent (e) If necessary, all measurement response readings to be recorded shall be converted to concentration units or adjusted according to the calibration curve constructed in accordance with § 53.21(b). (f) All recorder chart tracings (or equivalent data plots), records, test data and other documentation obtained from or pertinent to these tests shall be identified, dated, signed by the analyst performing the test, and submitted. Note to § 53.20: Suggested formats for reporting the test results and calculations are provided in Figures B-2, B-3, B-4, B-5, and B-6 in appendix A to this subpart. Symbols and abbreviations used in this subpart are listed in table B-5 of appendix A to this subpart. § 53.21 Test conditions. (a) Set-up and start-up (b) Calibration etc. (c) Once the test analyzer has been set up and calibrated and the tests started, manual adjustment or normal periodic maintenance is permitted only every 3 days. Automatic adjustments which the test analyzer performs by itself are permitted at any time. The submitted records shall show clearly when any manual adjustment or periodic maintenance was made during the tests and describe the specific operations performed. (d) If the test analyzer should malfunction during any of the performance tests, the tests for that parameter shall be repeated. A detailed explanation of the malfunction, remedial action taken, and whether recalibration was necessary (along with all pertinent records and charts) shall be submitted. If more than one malfunction occurs, all performance test procedures for all parameters shall be repeated. (e) Tests for all performance parameters shall be completed on the same test analyzer; however, use of multiple test analyzers to accelerate testing is permissible for testing additional ranges of a multi-range candidate method. § 53.22 Generation of test atmospheres. (a) Table B-2 to subpart B of part 53 specifies preferred methods for generating test atmospheres and suggested methods of verifying their concentrations. Only one means of establishing the concentration of a test atmosphere is normally required, provided that that means is adequately accurate and credible. If the method of generation can produce accurate, reproducible concentrations, verification is optional. If the method of generation is not reproducible or reasonably quantifiable, then establishment of the concentration by some credible verification method is required. (b) The test atmosphere delivery system shall be designed and constructed so as not to significantly alter the test atmosphere composition or concentration during the period of the test. The system shall be vented to insure that test atmospheres are presented to the test analyzer at very nearly atmospheric pressure. The delivery system shall be fabricated from borosilicate glass, FEP Teflon, or other material that is inert with regard to the gas or gases to be used. (c) The output of the test atmosphere generation system shall be sufficiently stable to obtain stable response readings from the test analyzer during the required tests. If a permeation device is used for generation of a test atmosphere, the device, as well as the air passing over it, shall be controlled to 0.1 °C. (d) All diluent air shall be zero air free of contaminants likely to react with the test atmospheres or cause a detectable response on the test analyzer. (e) The concentration of each test atmosphere used shall be quantitatively established and/or verified before or during each series of tests. Samples for verifying test concentrations shall be collected from the test atmosphere delivery system as close as feasible to the sample intake port of the test analyzer. (f) The accuracy of all flow measurements used to calculate test atmosphere concentrations shall be documented and referenced to a primary flow rate or volume standard (such as a spirometer, bubble meter, etc. (g) Schematic drawings, photos, descriptions, and other information showing complete procedural details of the test atmosphere generation, verification, and delivery system shall be provided. All pertinent calculations shall be clearly indicated. § 53.23 Test procedures. (a) Range Technical definition. Note to § 53.23( a The nominal range is given as the lower and upper range limits in concentration units, for example, 0-0.5 parts per million (ppm). (2) Test procedure. Note to § 53.23( a A single calibration curve for each measurement range for which an FRM or FEM designation is sought will normally suffice. (b) Noise Technical definition. (2) Test procedure. (ii) For an analyzer with an analog signal output, connect an integrating-type digital meter (DM) suitable for the test analyzer's output and accurate to three significant digits, to determine the analyzer's measurement output signal. Note to § 53.23( b Use of a chart recorder in addition to the DM is optional. (iii) Measure zero air with the test analyzer for 60 minutes. During this 60-minute interval, record twenty-five (25) test analyzer concentration measurements or DM readings at 2-minute intervals. (See Figure B-2 in appendix A of this subpart.) (iv) If applicable, convert each DM test reading to concentration units (ppm) or adjust the test readings (if necessary) by reference to the test analyzer's calibration curve as determined in § 53.21(b). Label and record the test measurements or converted DM readings as r 1 r 2 r 3 r i r 25 (v) Calculate measurement noise as the standard deviation, S Where i i (vi) Let S S 0 S 0 (vii) Repeat steps in Paragraphs (b)(2)(iii) through (v) of this section using a pollutant test atmosphere concentration of 80 ±5 percent of the URL instead of zero air, and let S S 80 S 80 (viii) Both S 0 S 80 (c) Lower detectable limit Technical definition. (2) Test procedure. B Z (ii) Generate and measure a pollutant test concentration equal to the value for the lower detectable limit specified in table B-1 to subpart B of part 53. Note to § 53.23( c If necessary, the test concentration may be generated or verified at a higher concentration, then quantitatively and accurately diluted with zero air to the final required test concentration. (iii) Record the test analyzer's stable measurement reading, in ppm, as B L (iv) Determine the lower detectable limit ( LDL LDL B L − B Z LDL S 0 LDL S 0 (d) Interference equivalent Technical definition. (2) Test procedure. (i) Allow sufficient time for warm-up and stabilization of the test analyzer. (ii) For a candidate method using a prefilter or scrubber device based upon a chemical reaction to derive part of its specificity and which device requires periodic service or maintenance, the test analyzer shall be “conditioned” prior to conducting each interference test series. This requirement includes conditioning for the NO 2 2 X (A) Service or perform the indicated maintenance on the scrubber or prefilter device, as if it were due for such maintenance, as directed in the manual referred to in § 53.4(b)(3). (B) Before testing for each potential interferent, allow the test analyzer to sample through the prefilter or scrubber device a test atmosphere containing the interferent at a concentration not lower than the value specified in table B-3 to subpart B of part 53 (or, for unlisted potential interferents, at a concentration substantially higher than likely to be found in ambient air). Sampling shall be at the normal flow rate and shall be continued for 6 continuous hours prior to the interference test series. Conditioning for all applicable interferents prior to any of the interference tests is permissible. Also permissible is simultaneous conditioning with multiple interferents, provided no interferent reactions are likely to occur in the conditioning system. (iii) Generate three test atmosphere streams as follows: (A) Test atmosphere P: (B) Test atmosphere I: (C) Test atmosphere Z: (iv) Adjust the individual flow rates and the pollutant or interferent generators for the three test atmospheres as follows: (A) The flow rates of test atmospheres I Z (B) The concentration of the pollutant in test atmosphere P P I Z, (C) The concentration of the interferent in test atmosphere I I P, (D) To minimize concentration errors due to flow rate differences between I Z, P I Z. (v) Mix test atmospheres P Z (vi) Sample and measure the mixture of test atmospheres P Z R (vii) Mix test atmospheres P I (viii) Sample and measure this mixture of P I R I (ix) Calculate the interference equivalent ( IE IE = R I R. IE (x) Follow steps (iii) through (ix) of this section, in turn, to determine the interference equivalent for each listed interferent as well as for any other potential interferents identified. (xi) For those potential interferents which cannot be mixed with the pollutant, as indicated by footnote (3) in table B-3 to subpart B of part 53, adjust the concentration of test atmosphere I IE (A) Sample and measure test atmosphere Z R. (B) Sample and measure the interferent test atmosphere I. R I (C) Calculate IE = R I − R. IE (xii) Sum the absolute value (e) Zero drift, span drift, lag time, rise time, fall time, and precision Technical definitions Zero drift: (ii) Span drift: (iii) Lag time: (iv) Rise time: (v) Fall time: (vi) Precision: 258 258 2 (2) Tests for these performance parameters shall be accomplished over a period of seven (7) or fifteen (15) test days. During this time, the line voltage supplied to the test analyzer and the ambient temperature surrounding the analyzer shall be changed from day to day, as required in paragraph (e)(4) of this section. One test result for each performance parameter shall be obtained each test day, for seven (7) or fifteen (15) test days, as determined from the test results of the first seven days. The tests for each test day are performed in a single integrated procedure. (3) The 24-hour test day may begin at any clock hour. The first approximately 12 hours of each test day are required for testing 12-hour zero drift. Tests for the other parameters shall be conducted any time during the remaining 12 hours. (4) Table B-4 to subpart B of part 53 specifies the line voltage and room temperature to be used for each test day. The applicant may elect to specify a wider temperature range (minimum and maximum temperatures) than the range specified in table B-4 to subpart B of part 53 and to conduct these tests over that wider temperature range in lieu of the specified temperature range. If the test results show that all test parameters of this section § 53.23(e) are passed over this wider temperature range, a subsequent FRM or FEM designation for the candidate method based in part on this test shall indicate approval for operation of the method over such wider temperature range. The line voltage and temperature shall be changed to the specified values (or to the alternative, wider temperature values, if applicable) at the start of each test day ( i.e., (5) The tests shall be conducted in blocks consisting of 3 test days each until 7 (or 15, if necessary) test results have been obtained. (The final block may contain fewer than three test days.) Test days need not be contiguous days, but during any idle time between tests or test days, the test analyzer must operate continuously and measurements must be recorded continuously at a low chart speed (or equivalent data recording) and included with the test data. If a test is interrupted by an occurrence other than a malfunction of the test analyzer, only the block during which the interruption occurred shall be repeated. (6) During each test block, manual adjustments to the electronics, gas, or reagent flows or periodic maintenance shall not be permitted. Automatic adjustments that the test analyzer performs by itself are permitted at any time. (7) At least 4 hours prior to the start of the first test day of each test block, the test analyzer may be adjusted and/or serviced according to the periodic maintenance procedures specified in the manual referred to in § 53.4(b)(3). If a new block is to immediately follow a previous block, such adjustments or servicing may be done immediately after completion of the day's tests for the last day of the previous block and at the voltage and temperature specified for that day, but only on test days 3, 6, 9, and 12. Note to § 53.23( e If necessary, the beginning of the test days succeeding such maintenance or adjustment may be delayed as required to complete the service or adjustment operation. (8) All measurement response readings to be recorded shall be converted to concentration units or adjusted (if necessary) according to the calibration curve. Whenever a test atmosphere is to be measured but a stable reading is not required, the test atmosphere shall be sampled and measured long enough to cause a change in measurement response of at least 10% of full scale. Identify all readings and other pertinent data on the strip chart (or equivalent test data record). (See Figure B-1 to subpart B of part 53 illustrating the pattern of the required readings.) (9) Test procedure. A 0 A 20 A 80 Test Pollutant concentration A 0 Zero air. A 20 20 ±5 of the upper range limit. A 30 30 ±5 of the upper range limit. A 80 80 ±5 of the upper range limit. A 90 90 ±5 of the upper range limit. (ii) For steps within paragraphs (e)(9)(xxv) through (e)(9)(xxxi) of this section, a chart speed of at least 10 centimeters per hour (or equivalent resolution for a digital representation) shall be used to clearly show changes in measurement responses. The actual chart speed, chart speed changes, and time checks shall be clearly marked on the chart. (iii) Test day 0. (iv) Measure test atmosphere A 0 Z' n n (v) [Reserved] (vi) Measure test atmosphere A 80 S' n n (vii) The above readings for Z' 0 S' 0 (viii) At the beginning of each test day, adjust the line voltage and room temperature to the values given in table B-4 to subpart B of part 53 (or to the corresponding alternative temperature if a wider temperature range is being tested). (ix) Measure test atmosphere A 0 (x) After the 12-hour zero drift test (step ix) is complete, sample test atmosphere A 0 (xi) Measure test atmosphere A 20 P 1 (xii) Sample test atmosphere A 30 (xiii) Measure test atmosphere A 20 P 2 (xiv) Sample test atmosphere A 0 (xv) Measure test atmosphere A 20 P 3 (xvi) Sample test atmosphere A 30 (xvii) Measure test atmosphere A 20 P 4 (xviii) Sample test atmosphere A 0 (xix) Measure test atmosphere A 20 P 5 (xx) Sample test atmosphere A 30 (xxi) Measure test atmosphere A 20 P 6 (xxii) Measure test atmosphere A 80 P 7 (xxiii) Sample test atmosphere A 90 (xxiv) Measure test atmosphere A 80 P 8 (xxv) Measure test atmosphere A 0 L 1 (xxvi) Quickly switch the test analyzer to measure test atmosphere A 80 (xxvii) Measure test atmosphere A 80 P 9 (xxviii) Sample test atmosphere A 90 (xxix) Measure test atmosphere A 80 P 10 (xxx) Measure test atmosphere A 0 L 2 (xxxi) Measure test atmosphere A 80 P 11 (xxxii) Sample test atmosphere A 90 (xxxiii) Measure test atmosphere A 80 P 12 (xxxiv) Repeat steps within paragraphs (e)(9)(viii) through (e)(9)(xxxiii) of this section, each test day. (xxxv) If zero and span adjustments are made after the readings are taken on test days 3, 6, 9, or 12, complete all adjustments; then measure test atmospheres A 0 A 80 Z' n S' n n (10) Determine the results of each day's tests as follows. Mark the recorder chart to show readings and determinations. (i) Zero drift. C min. C max. ZD ZD C max. C min. (B) Calculate the 24-hour zero drift (24 ZD n ZD n = Z n − Z n-1 ZD n = Z n − Z' n-1 Z n 1/2 L 1 L 2 L 1 L 2 n (C) Compare 12 ZD ZD ZD ZD (ii) Span drift. (A) Calculate the span drift ( SD or if a span adjustment was made on the previous test day, where n n i i n (B) SD (iii) Lag time. (iv) Rise time. P 9 P 9 (v) Fall time. P 10 L 2 P 10 L 2 P 10 L 2 (vi) Precision. P 20 P 80 (A) (B) (C) Both P 20 P 80 [76 FR 54326, Aug. 31, 2011, as amended at 80 FR 65460, Oct. 26, 2015] Figure B-1 to Subpart B of Part 53—Example Table B-1 to Subpart B of Part 53—Performance Limit Specifications for Automated Methods Performance Units 1 SO 2 O 3 CO NO 2 Definitions and test Std. range 3 Lower range 2 3 Std. range 3 Lower range 2 3 Std. range 3 Lower range 2 3 1. Range ppm 0-0.5 <0.5 0-0.5 <0.5 0-50 <50 0-0.5 Sec. 53.23(a) 2. Noise ppm 0.001 0.0005 0.0025 0.001 0.2 0.1 0.005 Sec. 53.23(b) 3. Lower detectable limit ppm 0.002 0.001 0.005 0.002 0.4 0.2 0.010 Sec. 53.23(c) 4. Interference equivalent Each interferent ppm ±0.005 4 ±0.005 ±0.005 ±1.0 ±0.5 ±0.02 Sec. 53.23(d) Total, all interferents ppm - - - - - - 0.04 Sec. 53.23(d) 5. Zero drift, 12 and 24 hour ppm ±0.004 ±0.002 ±0.004 ±0.002 ±0.5 ±0.3 ±0.02 Sec. 53.23(e) 6. Span drift, 24 hour 20% of upper range limit Percent - - - - - - ±20.0 Sec. 53.23(e) 80% of upper range limit Percent ±3.0 ±3.0 ±3.0 ±3.0 ±2.0 ±2.0 ±5.0 Sec. 53.23(e) 7. Lag time Minutes 2 2 2 2 2.0 2.0 20 Sec. 53.23(e) 8. Rise time Minutes 2 2 2 2 2.0 2.0 15 Sec. 53.23(e) 9. Fall time Minutes 2 2 2 2 2.0 2.0 15 Sec. 53.23(e) 10. Precision 20% of upper range limit - - - - - - Sec. 53.23(e) Percent 5 2 2 2 2 1.0 1.0 4 Sec. 53.23(e) 80% of upper range limit - - - - - - Sec. 53.23(e) Percent 5 2 2 2 2 1.0 1.0 6 Sec. 53.23(e) 1 3 2 3 4 2 5 [80 FR 65460, Oct. 26, 2015, as amended at 89 FR 16383, Mar. 6, 2024] Table B-2 to Subpart B of Part 53—Test Atmospheres Test gas Generation Verification Ammonia Permeation device. Similar to system described in references 1 and 2 Indophenol method, reference 3. Carbon dioxide Cylinder of zero air or nitrogen containing CO 2 Use NIST-certified standards whenever possible. If NIST standards are not available, obtain 2 standards from independent sources which agree within 2 percent, or obtain one standard and submit it to an independent laboratory for analysis, which must agree within 2 percent of the supplier's nominal analysis. Carbon monoxide Cylinder of zero air or nitrogen containing CO as required to obtain the concentration specified in table B-3 Use an FRM CO analyzer as described in reference 8. Ethane Cylinder of zero air or nitrogen containing ethane as required to obtain the concentration specified in table B-3 Gas chromatography, ASTM D2820, reference 10. Use NIST-traceable gaseous methane or propane standards for calibration. Ethylene Cylinder of pre-purified nitrogen containing ethylene as required to obtain the concentration specified in table B-3 Do. Hydrogen chloride Cylinder 1 Collect samples in bubbler containing distilled water and analyze by the mercuric thiocyanate method, ASTM (D612), p. 29, reference 4. Hydrogen sulfide Permeation device system described in references 1 and 2 Tentative method of analysis for H 2 Methane Cylinder of zero air containing methane as required to obtain the concentration specified in table B-3 Gas chromatography ASTM D2820, reference 10. Use NIST-traceable methane standards for calibration. Nitric oxide Cylinder 1 Gas phase titration as described in reference 6, section 7.1. Nitrogen dioxide 1. Gas phase titration as described in reference 6 1. Use an FRM NO 2 2 Ozone Calibrated ozone generator as described in reference 9 Use an FEM ozone analyzer calibrated as described in reference 9. Sulfur dioxide 1. Permeation device as described in references 1 and 2 2 Use an SO 2 Water Pass zero air through distilled water at a fixed known temperature between 20° and 30 °C such that the air stream becomes saturated. Dilute with zero air to concentration specified in table B-3 Measure relative humidity by means of a dew-point indicator, calibrated electrolytic or piezo electric hygrometer, or wet/dry bulb thermometer. Xylene Cylinder of pre-purified nitrogen containing 100 ppm xylene. Dilute with zero air to concentration specified in table B-3 Use NIST-certified standards whenever possible. If NIST standards are not available, obtain 2 standards from independent sources which agree within 2 percent, or obtain one standard and submit it to an independent laboratory for analysis, which must agree within 2 percent of the supplier's nominal analysis. Zero air 1. Ambient air purified by appropriate scrubbers or other devices such that it is free of contaminants likely to cause a detectable response on the analyzer 1 Reference 1. O'Keefe, A. E., and Ortaman, G. C. “Primary Standards for Trace Gas Analysis,” Anal. Chem. Reference 2. Scaringelli, F. P., A. E. . Rosenberg, E*, and Bell, J. P., “Primary Standards for Trace Gas Analysis.” Anal. Chem. Reference 3. “Tentative Method of Analysis for Ammonia in the Atmosphere (Indophenol Method)”, Health Lab Sciences, Reference 4. 1973 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, American Society for Testing and Materials, 1916 Race St., Philadelphia, PA. Reference 5. Methods for Air Sampling and Analysis, Reference 6. 40 CFR 50 Appendix F, “Measurement Principle and Calibration Principle for the Measurement of Nitrogen Dioxide in the Atmosphere (Gas Phase Chemiluminescence).” Reference 7. 40 CFR 50 Appendix A-1, “Measurement Principle and Calibration Procedure for the Measurement of Sulfur Dioxide in the Atmosphere (Ultraviolet FIuorscence).” Reference 8. 40 CFR 50 Appendix C, “Measurement Principle and Calibration Procedure for the Measurement of Carbon Monoxide in the Atmosphere (Non-Dispersive Infrared Photometry)”. Reference 9. 40 CFR 50 Appendix D, “Measurement Principle and Calibration Procedure for the Measurement of Ozone in the Atmosphere”. Reference 10. “Standard Test Method for C, through C5 Hydrocarbons in the Atmosphere by Gas Chromatography”, D 2820, 1987 Annual Book of Aston Standards, vol 11.03, American Society for Testing and Materials, 1916 Race St., Philadelphia, PA 19103. Table B-3 to Subpart B of Part 53—Interferent Test Concentration, 1 Table B-3 to Subpart B of Part 53—Interferent Test Concentration 1 [Parts per million] Pollutant Analyzer type 2 Hydro-chloric acid Ammonia Hydrogen sulfide Sulfur dioxide Nitrogen dioxide Nitric oxide Carbon dioxide Ethylene Ozone M-xylene Water vapor Carbon monoxide Methane Ethane Naphthalene SO 2 Ultraviolet fluorescence 5 4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.2 20,000 6 SO 2 Flame photometric 0.01 4 750 3 50 SO 2 Gas chromatography 0.1 4 750 3 50 SO 2 Spectrophotometric-wet chemical (pararosanaline) 0.2 0.1 0.1 4 0.5 750 0.5 SO 2 Electrochemical 0.2 0.1 0.1 4 0.5 0.5 0.2 0.5 3 SO 2 Conductivity 0.2 0.1 4 0.5 750 SO 2 Spectrophotometric-gas phase, including DOAS 4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.2 O 3 Ethylene Chemiluminescence 3 750 4 3 O 3 NO-chemiluminescence 3 0.5 750 4 3 O 3 Electrochemical 3 0.5 0.5 4 3 O 3 Spectrophotometric-wet chemical (potassium iodide) 3 0.5 0.5 3 4 O 3 Spectrophotometric-gas phase, including ultraviolet absorption and DOAS 0.5 0.5 3 4 0.02 20,000 CO Non-dispersive Infrared 750 20,000 4 CO Gas chromatography with flame ionization detector 20,000 4 0.5 CO Electrochemical 0.5 0.2 20,000 4 CO Catalytic combustion-thermal detection 0.1 750 0.2 20,000 4 5.0 0.5 CO IR fluorescence 750 20,000 4 0.5 CO Mercury replacement-UV photometric 0.2 4 0.5 NO 2 Chemiluminescent 3 0.5 4 0.5 20,000 NO 2 Spectrophotometric-wet chemical (azo-dye reaction) 0.5 4 0.5 750 0.5 NO 2 Electrochemical 0.2 3 0.5 4 0.5 750 0.5 20,000 50 NO 2 Spectrophotometric-gas phase 3 0.5 4 0.5 0.5 20,000 50 1 2 3 4 5 6 [89 FR 16383, Mar. 6, 2024] Table B-4 to Subpart B of Part 53—Line Voltage and Room Temperature Test Conditions Test day Line 1 Room 2 Comments 0 115 25 Initial set-up and adjustments. 1 125 20 2 105 20 3 125 30 Adjustments and/or periodic maintenance permitted at end of tests. 4 105 30 5 125 20 6 105 20 Adjustments and/or periodic maintenance permitted at end of tests. 7 125 30 Examine test results to ascertain if further testing is required. 8 105 30 9 125 20 Adjustments and/or periodic maintenance permitted at end of tests. 10 105 20 11 125 30 12 105 30 Adjustments and/or periodic maintenance permitted at end of tests. 13 125 20 14 105 20 15 125 30 1 2 Table B-5 to Subpart B of Part 53—Symbols and Abbreviations B L LDL LDL B Z LDL DM C max ZD C min ZD i i IE L 1 ZD L 2 ZD n P P i i P 20 P 80 ppb—Parts per billion of pollutant gas (usually in air), by volume. ppm—Parts per million of pollutant gas (usually in air), by volume. R IE R 1 IE r i i S S 0 S S 80 S S n P 7 P 12 S' n n SD—Span drift URL Z L 1 L 2 Z n L 1 L 2 n Z' n n ZD 12 ZD 24 ZD Appendix A to Subpart B of Part 53—Optional Forms for Reporting Test Results Figure B-3 to Appendix A to Subpart B of Part 53—Form for Test Data and Calculations for Lower Detectable Limit (LDL) and Interference Equivalent (IE) (see § 53.23(c) and (d)) LDL Interference Test Data Applicant Analyzer Date Pollutant Figure B-5 to Appendix A to Subpart B of Part 53—Form for Calculating Zero Drift, Span Drift and Precision (see § 53.23(e)) Calculation of Zero Drift, Span Drift, and Precision Applicant Analyzer Date Pollutant [76 FR 54326, Aug. 31, 2011, as amended at 89 FR 16385, Mar. 6, 2024] Subpart C—Procedures for Determining Comparability Between Candidate Methods and Reference Methods Source: 71 FR 61278, Oct. 17, 2006, unless otherwise noted. § 53.30 General provisions. (a) Determination of comparability. (b) Selection of test sites. (2) If approval of one or more proposed test sites is desired prior to conducting the tests, a written request for approval of the test site or sites must be submitted to the address given in § 53.4. The request should include information identifying the type of candidate method and one or more specific proposed test sites along with a justification for each proposed specific site as described in paragraph (b)(1) of this section. The EPA will evaluate each proposed site and approve the site, disapprove the site, or request more information about the site. Any such pre-test approval of a test site by the EPA shall indicate only that the site meets the applicable test site requirements for the candidate method type; it shall not indicate, suggest, or imply that test data obtained at the site will necessarily meet any of the applicable data acceptance requirements. The Administrator may exercise discretion in selecting a different site (or sites) for any additional tests the Administrator decides to conduct. (c) Test atmosphere. (d) Sampling or sample collection. (e) Operation. (f) Calibration. (g) Submission of test data and other information. 2.5 10-2.5 § 53.31 [Reserved] § 53.32 Test procedures for methods for SO 2 3 2 (a) Comparability. 2 3 2 (1) Measurements made by a candidate manual method or by a test analyzer representative of a candidate automated method, and; (2) Measurements made simultaneously by a reference method are less than or equal to the values for maximum discrepancy specified in table C-1 of this subpart. (b) Test measurements. (c) Requirements for measurements or samples. (d) Set-up and start-up. (2) Other data acquisition components may be used along with the chart recorder during the conduct of these tests. Use of the chart recorder is intended only to facilitate visual evaluation of data submitted. (3) Allow adequate warmup or stabilization time as indicated in the applicable operation manual(s) before beginning the tests. (e) Range. (2) For a candidate method having more than one selectable range, one range must be that specified in table B-1 of subpart B of this part, and a test analyzer representative of the method must pass the tests required by this subpart while operated on that range. The tests may be repeated for one or more broader ranges ( i.e., (f) Operation of automated methods. (2) All test measurements shall be made with the same test analyzer; use of multiple test analyzers is not permitted. The test analyzer shall be operated continuously during the entire series of test measurements. (3) If a test analyzer should malfunction during any of these tests, the entire set of measurements shall be repeated, and a detailed explanation of the malfunction, remedial action taken, and whether recalibration was necessary (along with all pertinent records and charts) shall be submitted. (4) Ambient air shall be sampled from a common intake and distribution manifold designed to deliver homogenous air samples to both methods. Precautions shall be taken in the design and construction of this manifold to minimize the removal of particulate matter and trace gases, and to insure that identical samples reach the two methods. If necessary, the concentration of pollutant in the sampled ambient air may be augmented with artificially generated pollutant. However, at all times the air sample measured by the candidate and reference methods under test shall consist of not less than 80 percent ambient air by volume. Schematic drawings, physical illustrations, descriptions, and complete details of the manifold system and the augmentation system (if used) shall be submitted. (g) Tests. (i) Table C-1 of this subpart specifies the type (1-or 24-hour) and number of measurements to be made in each of the three test concentration ranges. (ii) The pollutant concentration must fall within the specified range as measured by the reference method. (iii) The measurements shall be made in the sequence specified in table C-2 of this subpart. (2) For each pair of measurements, determine the difference (discrepancy) between the candidate method measurement and reference method measurement. A discrepancy which exceeds the discrepancy specified in table C-1 of this subpart constitutes a failure. Figure C-1 of this subpart contains a suggested format for reporting the test results. (3) The results of the first set of measurements shall be interpreted as follows: (i) Zero failures: The candidate method passes the test for comparability. (ii) Three or more failures: The candidate method fails the test for comparability. (iii) One or two failures: Conduct a second set of simultaneous measurements as specified in table C-1 of this subpart. The results of the combined total of first-set and second-set measurements shall be interpreted as follows: (A) One or two failures: The candidate method passes the test for comparability. (B) Three or more failures: The candidate method fails the test for comparability. (iv) For SO 2 (4) A 1-hour measurement consists of the integral of the instantaneous concentration over a 60-minute continuous period divided by the time period. Integration of the instantaneous concentration may be performed by any appropriate means such as chemical, electronic, mechanical, visual judgment, or by calculating the mean of not less than 12 equally-spaced instantaneous readings. Appropriate allowances or corrections shall be made in cases where significant errors could occur due to characteristic lag time or rise/fall time differences between the candidate and reference methods. Details of the means of integration and any corrections shall be submitted. (5) A 24-hour measurement consists of the integral of the instantaneous concentration over a 24-hour continuous period divided by the time period. This integration may be performed by any appropriate means such as chemical, electronic, mechanical, or by calculating the mean of twenty-four (24) sequential 1-hour measurements. (6) For O 3 2 (7) For applicable methods, control or calibration checks may be performed once per day without adjusting the test analyzer or method. These checks may be used as a basis for a linear interpolation-type correction to be applied to the measurements to correct for drift. If such a correction is used, it shall be applied to all measurements made with the method, and the correction procedure shall become a part of the method. [62 FR 38784, July 18, 1997, as amended at 75 FR 35601, June 22, 2010; 80 FR 65466, Oct. 26, 2015] § 53.33 Test Procedure for Methods for Lead (Pb). (a) General. 10 10 10 10 (1) Pb in TSP—A candidate method for Pb in TSP specifies reporting of Pb concentrations in terms of standard temperature and pressure. Comparisons of candidate methods to the reference method in 40 CFR 50, appendix G must be made in a consistent manner with regard to temperature and pressure. (2) Pb in PM 10 10 (b) Comparability. (1) Measurements made by a candidate method, and (2) Measurements made by the reference method on simultaneously collected Pb samples (or the same sample, if applicable), are less than or equal to the values specified in table C-3 of this subpart. (c) Test measurements. (d) Collocated samplers. (e) Sample collection. (1) A candidate method for Pb in TSP which employs a sampler and sample collection procedure that are identical to the sampler and sample collection procedure specified in the reference method in 40 CFR part 50, Appendix B, but uses a different analytical procedure than specified in 40 CFR Appendix G, may be tested by analyzing pairs of filter strips taken from a single TSP reference sampler operated according to the procedures specified by that reference method. (2) A candidate method for Pb in PM 10 10 10 (3) A candidate method for Pb in TSP or Pb in PM 10 (f) Audit samples. 3/4 10 10 (g) Filter analysis. 10 3 1A 1B 1C 2A 2B 1A 1B 1C (2) For the candidate method samples, analyze each sample filter or filter extract three times and calculate, in accordance with the candidate method, the indicated Pb concentration in µg/m 3 1A 1B 2C 1A 1B 1C 2A 2B 2C (h) Average Pb concentration. Where, i is the filter number. (i) Analytical Bias. Where, i is audit sample number. (2) Calculate the percent difference (D q q (3) If any difference value (D qi (j) Acceptable filter pairs. 3 10 (k) Test for precision. Where, i indicates the filter number. (2) If a direct reading candidate method is tested, the precision is determined from collocated devices using equation 5 above. (3) If any reference method precision value (P Ri (4) If any candidate method precision value (P Ci (5) The candidate method passes this test if all precision values ( i.e. Ri Ci (l) Test for comparability. Where, i is the filter number, and n numbers from 1 to 9 for the nine possible difference combinations for the three determinations for each method (j = A, B, C, candidate; k = A, B, C, reference). (2) If none of the percent differences (D) exceeds ±20 percent, the candidate method passes the test for comparability. (3) If one or more of the percent differences (D) exceed ±20 percent, the candidate method fails the test for comparability. (4) The candidate method must pass both the precision test (paragraph (k) of this section) and the comparability test (paragraph (l) of this section) to qualify for designation as an equivalent method. (m) Method Detection Limit (MDL). 3 [73 FR 67057, Nov. 12, 2008] § 53.34 Test procedure for methods for PM 10 2.5 (a) Comparability. 10 2.5 (1) Measurements made by a candidate method, and (2) Measurements made by a corresponding reference method on simultaneously collected samples (or the same sample, if applicable) at each of one or more test sites (as required) is such that the linear regression parameters (slope, intercept, and correlation coefficient) describing the relationship meet the requirements specified in table C-4 of this subpart. (b) Methods for PM 10 10 10 (c) PM 10 methods employing the same sampling procedure as the reference method but a different analytical method. 10 (d) Methods for PM 2.5 2.5 2.5 (e) Collocated measurements. (2) The ambient air intake points of all the candidate and reference method collocated samplers or analyzers shall be positioned at the same height above the ground level, and between 2 meters (1 meter for samplers or analyzers with flow rates less than 200 L/min) and 4 meters apart. The samplers shall be oriented in a manner that will minimize spatial and wind directional effects on sample collection. (3) At each site, obtain as many sets of simultaneous PM 10 2.5 (4) Candidate PM 10 2.5 (5) For samplers, retrieve the samples promptly after sample collection and analyze each sample according to the reference method or candidate method, as appropriate, and determine the PM 10 2.5 3 2.5 (f) Sequential samplers. (g) Calculation of reference method averages and precisions. 10 2.5 Where: R = The concentration measurements from the reference methods; i = The sampler number; and j = The measurement set number. (2) For each of the measurement sets, calculate the precision of the reference method PM 10 2.5 Rj (3) For each measurement set, also calculate the precision of the reference method PM 10 2.5 Rj (h) Acceptability of measurement sets. j Rj Rj j (i) Candidate method average concentration measurement. 10 2.5 Where: C = The concentration measurements from the candidate methods; i = The measurement number in the set; and j = The measurement set number. (j) Test for comparability. 10 2.5 j 10 2.5 j (2) To pass the test for comparability, the slope, intercept, and correlation coefficient calculated under paragraph (j)(1) of this section must be within the limits specified in table C-4 of this subpart for all test sites. § 53.35 Test procedure for Class II and Class III methods for PM 2.5 −2.5 (a) Overview. 2.5 10-2.5 2.5 10-2.5 (b) Test sites and seasons. (1) Test sites. (i) PM 2.5 Class II and Class III candidate methods. (A) Test site A shall be in the Los Angeles basin or California Central Valley area in a location that is characterized by relatively high PM 2.5 (B) Test site B shall be in a western city such as Denver, Salt Lake City, or Albuquerque in an area characterized by cold weather, higher elevation, winds, and dust. (C) Test site C shall be in a midwestern city characterized by substantial temperature variation, high nitrates, and wintertime conditions. (D) Test site D shall be in a northeastern or mid-Atlantic city that is seasonally characterized by high sulfate concentrations and high relative humidity. (ii) PM 10-2.5 Class II and Class III candidate methods. 10-2.5 10-2.5 (A) Test site A shall be in the Los Angeles basin or the California Central Valley area in a location that is characterized by relatively high PM 2.5 (B) Test site B shall be in a western city characterized by a high ratio of PM 10-2.5 2.5 (C) Test site C shall be in a midwestern city characterized by substantial temperature variation, high nitrates, and wintertime conditions. (D) Site D shall be in a large city east of the Mississippi River, having characteristically high humidity levels. (2) Test seasons. 2.5 10-2.5 (ii) For Class II PM 2.5 10-2.5 (3) Test concentrations. (4) Pre-approval of test sites. (c) Collocated measurements. (2) A minimum of 23 valid and acceptable measurement sets of PM 2.5 10-2.5 2.5 10-2.5 (3) More than 23 valid measurement sets may be obtained during a particular test campaign to provide a more advantageous range of concentrations, more representative conditions, additional higher or lower measurements, or to otherwise improve the comparison of the methods. All valid data sets obtained during each test campaign shall be submitted and shall be included in the analysis of the data. (4) The integrated-sample reference method measurements shall be of at least 22 hours and not more than 25 hours duration. Each reference method sample shall be retrieved promptly after sample collection and analyzed according to the reference method to determine the PM 2.5 10-2.5 3 2.5 10-2.5 (5) Candidate method measurements shall be timed or processed and averaged as appropriate to determine an equivalent mean concentration representative of the same time period as that of the concurrent integrated-sample reference method measurements, such that all measurements in a measurement set shall be representative of the same time period. In addition, hourly average concentration measurements shall be obtained from each of the Class III candidate method analyzers for each valid measurement set and submitted as part of the application records. (6) In the following tests, all measurement sets obtained at a particular test site, from both seasonal campaigns if applicable, shall be combined and included in the test data analysis for the site. Data obtained at different test sites shall be analyzed separately. All measurements should be reported as normally obtained, and no measurement values should be rounded or truncated prior to data analysis. In particular, no negative measurement value, if otherwise apparently valid, should be modified, adjusted, replaced, or eliminated merely because its value is negative. Calculated mean concentrations or calculated intermediate quantities should retain at least one order-of-magnitude greater resolution than the input values. All measurement data and calculations shall be recorded and submitted in accordance with § 53.30(g), including hourly test measurements obtained from Class III candidate methods. (d) Calculation of mean concentrations Reference method outlier test. i,j for the purposes of this outlier test only. (i) Calculate the quantities 2 × R 1,j 1,j 2,j 1,j 1,j 3,j 1,j (ii) Calculate the quantities 2 × R 2,j 2,j 1,j 2,j 2,j 3,j 2,j (iii) Calculate the quantities 2 × R 3,j 3,j 1,j 3,j 3,j 2,j 3,j (iv) If this test indicates that one of the reference method measurements in the measurement set is an outlier, the outlier measurement shall be eliminated from the measurement set, and the other two measurements considered valid. If the test indicates that more than one reference method measurement in the measurement set is an outlier, the entire measurement set (both reference and candidate method measurements) shall be excluded from further data analysis for the tests of this section. (2) For each of the measurement sets for each test site, calculate the mean concentration for the reference method measurements, using equation 11 of this section: Where: R j R i,j n = The number of valid reference method measurements in the measurement set (normally 3). (3) Any measurement set for which R j (4) For each of the valid measurement sets at each test site, calculate the mean concentration for the candidate method measurements, using equation 12 of this section. (The outlier test in paragraph (d)(1) of this section shall not be applied to the candidate method measurements.) Where: C j C i,j m = The number of valid candidate method measurements in the measurement set (normally 3). (e) Test for reference method precision. j (2) For each site, calculate an estimate of reference method relative precision for the site, RP, using the root mean square Where, J is the total number of valid measurement sets for the site. (3) Verify that the estimate for reference method relative precision for the site, RP, is not greater than the value specified for reference method precision in table C-4 of this subpart. A reference method relative precision greater than the value specified in table C-4 of this subpart indicates that quality control for the reference method is inadequate, and corrective measures must be implemented before proceeding with the test. (f) Test for candidate method precision. j (2) For each site, calculate an estimate of candidate method relative precision for the site, CP, using the root mean square Where, J is the total number of valid measurement sets for the site. (3) To pass the test for precision, the mean candidate method relative precision at each site must not be greater than the value for candidate method precision specified in table C-4 of this subpart. (g) Test for additive and multiplicative bias (comparative slope and intercept). (2) For each test site, calculate the mean concentration measured by the candidate method, C (3) For each test site, calculate the linear regression slope and intercept of the mean candidate method measurements (C j j (4) To pass this test, at each test site: (i) The slope (calculated to at least 2 decimal places) must be in the interval specified for regression slope in table C-4 of this subpart; and (ii) The intercept (calculated to at least 2 decimal places) must be in the interval specified for regression intercept in table C-4 of this subpart. (iii) The slope and intercept limits are illustrated in figures C-2 and C-3 of this subpart. (h) Tests for comparison correlation. 2 (2) For each test site, calculate the concentration coefficient of variation, CCV, using equation 22 of this section: (3) To pass the test, the correlation coefficient, r, for each test site must not be less than the values, for various values of CCV, specified for correlation in table C-4 of this subpart. These limits are illustrated in figure C-4 of this subpart. [71 FR 61278, Oct. 17, 2006, as amended at 72 FR 32202, June 12, 2007; 89 FR 16386, Mar. 6, 2024] Table C-1 to Subpart C of Part 53—Test Concentration Ranges, Number of Measurements Required, and Maximum Discrepancy Specifications Pollutant Concentration range, parts per million (ppm) Simultaneous measurements required Maximum 1-hour 24-hour First set Second set First set Second set Ozone Low 0.06 to 0.10 5 6 0.02 Med. 0.15 to 0.25 5 6 0.03 High 0.35 to 0.46 4 6 0.04 Total 14 18 Carbon monoxide Low 7 to 11 5 6 1.5 Med. 20 to 30 5 6 2.0 High 25 to 45 4 6 3.0 Total 14 18 Sulfur dioxide Low 0.02 to 0.05 5 6 3 3 0.02 Med. 0.10 to 0.15 5 6 2 3 0.03 High 0.30 to 0.50 4 6 2 2 0.04 Total 14 18 7 8 Nitrogen dioxide Low 0.02 to 0.08 3 3 0.02 Med. 0.10 to 0.20 2 2 0.02 High 0.25 2 2 0.03 Total 7 8 [75 FR 35601, June 22, 2010] Table C-2 to Subpart C of Part 53—Sequence of Test Measurements Measurement Concentration range First set Second set 1 Low Medium. 2 High High. 3 Medium Low. 4 High High. 5 Low Medium. 6 Medium Low. 7 Low Medium. 8 Medium Low. 9 High High. 10 Medium Low. 11 High Medium. 12 Low High. 13 Medium Medium. 14 Low High. 15 Low. 16 Medium. 17 Low. 18 High. Table C-3 to Subpart C of Part 53—Test Specifications for Pb in TSP and Pb in PM 10 Concentration range equivalent to percentage of NAAQS in µg/m 3 30% to 250% Minimum number of 24-hr measurements 5 Maximum reference method analytical bias, D q ±5% Maximum precision, P R C ≤15% Maximum difference (D) ±20% Estimated Method Detection Limit (MDL), µg/m 3 5% of NAAQS level. [73 FR 67059, Nov. 12, 2008] Table C-4 to Subpart C of Part 53—Test Specifications for PM 10 2.5 10-2.5 Specification PM 10 PM 2.5 PM 10-2.5 Class I Class II Class III Class II Class III Acceptable concentration range (R j 3 5-300 3-200 3-200 3-200 3-200 3-200. Minimum number of test sites 2 1 2 4 2 4. Minimum number of candidate method samplers or analyzers per site 3 3 3 1 3 1 3 1 3. 1 Number of reference method samplers per site 3 3 3 1 3 1 3 1 3. 1 Minimum number of acceptable sample sets per site for PM 10 R j 3 3 R j 3 3 Total 10 Minimum number of acceptable sample sets per site for PM 2.5 10-2.5 R j 3 j 3 3 3 3 3 3. Rj > 15 µg/m 3 j 3 3 3 3 3 3. Each season 10 23 23 23 23. Total, each site 10 23 23 (46 for two-season sites) 23 23 (46 for two-season sites). Precision of replicate reference method measurements, P Rj Rj 2.5 10-2.5 5 µg/m 3 2 µg/m 3 10% 2 10% 2 10% 2 10%. 2 Precision of PM 2.5 10-2.5 10% 2 15% 2 15% 2 15%. 2 Slope of regression relationship 1 ±0.10 1 ±0.05 1 ±0.10 1 ±0.10 1 ±0.10 1 ±0.12. Intercept of regression relationship, µg/m 3 0 ±5 0 ±1 Between: 13.55—(15.05 × slope), but not less than—1.5; and 16.56—(15.05 × slope), but not more than +1.5 Between: 15.05—(17.32 × slope), but not less than—2.0; and 15.05—(13.20 × slope), but not more than +2.0 Between: 62.05—(70.5 × slope), but not less than—3.5; and 78.95—(70.5 × slope), but not more than +3.5 Between: 70.50—(82.93 × slope), but not less than—7.0; and 70.50—(61.16 × slope), but not more than +7.0. Correlation of reference method and candidate method measurements ≥ 0.97 ≥ 0.97 ≥ 0.93—for CCV ≤ 0.4; 1 2 [89 FR 16386, Mar. 6, 2024] Table C-5 to Subpart C of Part 53—Summary of Comparability Field Testing Campaign Site and Seasonal Requirements for Class II and III FEMs for PM 10-2.5 2.5 Candidate method Test site A B C D PM 2.5 Test site location area Los Angeles basin or California Central Valley Western city such as Denver, Salt Lake City, or Albuquerque Midwestern city Northeastern or mid-Atlantic city. Test site characteristics Relatively high PM 2.5 Cold weather, higher elevation, winds, and dust Substantial temperature variation, high nitrates, wintertime conditions High sulfate and high relative humidity. Class III Winter and summer Winter only Winter only Summer only. Class II Site A or B, any season Site C or D, any season. PM 10-2.5 Test site location area Los Angeles basin or California Central Valley Western city such as Las Vegas or Phoenix Midwestern city Large city east of the Mississippi River. Test site characteristics Relatively high PM 2.5 High PM 10-2.5 2.5 Substantial temperature variation, high nitrates, wintertime conditions High sulfate and high relative humidity. Class III Winter and summer Winter only Winter only Summer only. Class II Site A or B, any season Site C or D, any season. Figure C-1 to Subpart C of Part 53—Suggested Format for Reporting Test Results for Methods for SO 2 3 2 Candidate Method Reference Method Applicant □ First Set □ Second Set □ Type □ 1 Hour □ 24 Hour Concentration range Date Time Concentration, ppm Difference Table C-1 spec. Pass or fail Candidate Reference Low 1 ____ ppm 2 to ____ ppm 3 4 5 6 Medium 1 ____ ppm 2 to ____ ppm 3 4 5 6 High 1 ____ ppm 2 to ____ ppm 3 4 5 6 7 8 Total Failures: [72 FR 32204, June 12, 2007] Figure C-2 to Subpart C of Part 53—Illustration of the Slope and Intercept Limits for Class II and Class III PM 2.5 [72 FR 32204, June 12, 2007] Figure C-3 to Subpart C of Part 53—Illustration of the Slope and Intercept Limits for Class II and Class III PM 10-2.5 [72 FR 32204, June 12, 2007] Figure C-4 to Subpart C of Part 53—Illustration of the Minimum Limits for Correlation Coefficient for PM 2.5 10-2.5 [72 FR 32204, June 12, 2007] Appendix A to Subpart C of Part 53—References (1) American National Standard Quality Systems for Environmental Data and Technology Programs—Requirements with guidance for use, ANSI/ASQC E4-2004. Available from American Society for Quality, P.O. Box 3005, Milwaukee, WI 53202 ( http://qualitypress.asq.org (2) Quality Assurance Guidance Document 2.12. Monitoring PM 2.5 http://www.epa.gov/ttn/amtic/pmqainf.html. Subpart D—Procedures for Testing Performance Characteristics of Methods for PM 10 Source: 52 FR 24729, July 1, 1987, unless otherwise noted. § 53.40 General provisions. (a) The test procedures prescribed in this subpart shall be used to test the performance of candidate methods for PM 10 (b) For a candidate method using a PM 10 10 10 10 (c) The liquid particle sampling effectiveness and 50 percent cutpoint of a test sampler shall be determined in a wind tunnel using 10 particle sizes and three wind speeds as specified in table D-2. A minimum of 3 replicate measurements of sampling effectiveness shall be required for each of the 30 test conditions for a minimum of 90 test measurements. (d) For the liquid particle sampling effectiveness parameter, a smooth curve plot shall be constructed of sampling effectiveness (percent) versus aerodynamic particle diameter (µm) for each of the three wind speeds. These plots shall be used to calculate the expected mass concentration for the test sampler, using the procedure in § 53.43(a). The candidate method passes the liquid particle sampling effectiveness test if the expected mass concentration calculated for the test sampler at each wind speed differs by no more than ±10 percent from that predicted for the “ideal” sampler.* * The sampling effectiveness curve for this “ideal” sampler is described by column 5 of table D-3 and is based on a model that approximates the penetration of particles into the human respiratory tract. Additional information on this model may be found in a document entitled, “Particle Collection Criteria for 10 Micrometer Samplers,” which is available from the Quality Assurance Division (MD-77), Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. (e) For the 50 percent cutpoint parameter, the test result for each wind speed shall be reported as the particle size at which the curve specified in § 53.40(d) crosses the 50 percent effectiveness line. The candidate method passes the 50 percent cutpoint test if the test result at each wind speed falls within 10±0.5 µm. (f) The solid particle sampling effectiveness of a test sampler shall be determined in a wind tunnel using 25 µm particles at 2 wind speeds as specified in table D-2. A minimum of three replicate measurements of sampling effectiveness for the 25 µm solid particles shall be required at both wind speeds for a minimum of 6 test measurements. (g) For the solid particle sampling effectiveness parameter, the test result for each wind speed shall be reported as the difference between the average of the replicate sampling effectiveness measurements obtained for the 25 µm solid particles and the average of the replicate measurements obtained for the 25 µm liquid particles. The candidate method passes the solid particle sampling effectiveness test if the test result for each wind speed is less than, or equal to, 5 percent. (h) The precision and flow rate stability of three identical test samplers shall be determined at a suitable test site by simultaneously sampling the PM 10 (i) For the precision parameter, the test result for each of the 10 periods of 24 hours shall be calculated using the procedure in § 53.43(c). The candidate method passes the precision test if all of the test results meet the specifications in table D-1. (j) For the flow rate stability parameter, the test results for each of the three test samplers and for each of the 10 periods of 24 hours shall be calculated using the procedure in § 53.43(d). The candidate method passes the flow rate stability test if all of the test results meet the specifications in table D-1. (k) All test data and other documentation obtained from or pertinent to these tests shall be identified, dated, signed by the analyst performing the test, and submitted to EPA. Table D-1—Performance Specifications for PM 10 Performance parameter Units Specification 1. Sampling effectiveness: A. Liquid particles Percent Such that the expected mass concentration is within ±10 percent of that predicted for the ideal sampler. B. Solid particles Percent Sampling effectiveness is no more than 5 percent above that obtained for liquid particles of same size. 2. 50 Percent cutpoint µm 10±µ.5 µm aerodynamic diameter. 3. Precision µg/m 3 5 µg/m 3 4. Flow rate stability Percent Average flow rate over 24 hours within ±5 percent of initial flow rate; all measured flow rates over 24 hours within ±10 percent of initial flow rate. § 53.41 Test conditions. (a) Set-up and start-up of all test samplers shall be in strict accordance with the operating instructions specified in the manual referred to in § 53.4(b)(3). (b) If the internal surface or surfaces of the candidate method's sampler inlet on which the particles removed by the inlet are collected is a dry surface (i.e., not normally coated with oil or grease), those surfaces shall be cleaned prior to conducting wind tunnel tests with solid particles. (c) Once the test sampler or samplers have been set up and the performance tests started, manual adjustment shall be permitted only between test points for the sampling effectiveness and 50 percent cutpoint tests or between test days for the precision and flow rate stability tests. The manual adjustments and any periodic maintenance shall be limited to only those procedures prescribed in the manual referred to in § 53.4(b)(3). The submitted records shall show clearly when any manual adjustment or periodic maintenance was made and shall describe the operations performed. (d) If a test sampler malfunctions during any of the sampling effectiveness and 50 percent cutpoint tests, that test run shall be repeated. If a test sampler malfunctions during any of the precision and flow rate stability tests, that day's test shall be repeated. A detailed explanation of all malfunctions and the remedial actions taken shall be submitted to EPA with the application. § 53.42 Generation of test atmospheres for wind tunnel tests. (a) A vibrating orifice aerosol generator shall be used to produce monodispersed liquid particles of oleic acid tagged with uranine dye and monodispersed solid particles of ammonium fluoroscein with equivalent aerodynamic diameters as specified in table D-2. The geometric standard deviation for each particle size and type generated shall not exceed 1.1 (for primary particles) and the proportion of multiplets (doublets and triplets) in a test particle atmosphere shall not exceed 10 percent. The particle delivery system shall consist of a blower system and a wind tunnel having a test section of sufficiently large cross-sectional area such that the test sampler, or portion thereof, as installed in the test section for testing, blocks no more than 15 percent of that area. To be acceptable, the blower system must be capable of achieving uniform wind speeds at the speeds specified in table D-2. Table D-2—Particle Sizes and Wind Speeds for Sampling Effectiveness Tests Particle size (µm) a Wind speed (km/hr) 2 8 24 3±0.5 l l l 5±0.5 l l l 7±0.5 l l l 9±0.5 l l l 10±0.5 l l l 11±0.5 l l l 13±1.0 l l l 15±1.0 l l l 20±1.0 l l l 25±1.0 l l l a l s = solid particle. Number of liquid particle test points (minimum of 3 replicates for each combination of particle size and wind speed): 90. Number of solid particle test points (minimum of 3 replicates for each combination of particle size and wind speed): 6. Total number of test points: 96. (b) The size of the test particles delivered to the test section of the wind tunnel shall be established using the operating parameters of the vibrating orifice aerosol generator and shall be verified during the tests by microscopic examination of samples of the particles collected on glass slides or other suitable substrates. When sizing liquid particles on glass slides, the slides should be pretreated with an oleophobic surfactant and an appropriate flattening factor shall be used in the calculation of aerodynamic diameter. The particle size, as established by the operating parameters of the vibrating orifice aerosol generator, shall be within the tolerance specified in table D-2. The precision of the particle size verification technique shall be 0.5 µm or better, and particle size determined by the verification technique shall not differ by more than 0.5 µm or 10 percent, whichever is higher, from that established by the operating parameters of the vibrating orifice aerosol generator. (c) The population of multiplets in a test particle atmosphere shall be determined during the tests and shall not exceed 10 percent. Solid particles shall be checked for dryness and evidence of breakage or agglomeration during the microscopic examination. If the solid particles in a test atmosphere are wet or show evidence of significant breakage or agglomeration (µ5 percent), the solid particle test atmosphere is unacceptable for purposes of these tests. (d) The concentration of particles in the wind tunnel is not critical. However, the cross-sectional uniformity of the particle concentration in the sampling zone of the test section shall be established during the tests using isokinetic samplers. An array of not less than five evenly spaced isokinetic samplers shall be used to determine the particle concentration uniformity in the sampling zone. If the particle concentration measured by any single isokinetic sampler in the sampling zone differs by more than 10 percent from the mean concentration, the particle delivery system is unacceptable in terms of uniformity of particle concentration. The sampling zone shall be a rectangular area having a horizontal dimension not less than 1.2 times the width of the test sampler at its inlet opening and a vertical dimension not less than 25 centimeters. The sampling zone is an area in the test section of the wind tunnel that is horizontally and vertically symmetrical with respect to the test sampler inlet opening. (e) The wind speed in the wind tunnel shall be determined during the tests using an appropriate technique capable of a precision of 5 percent or better (e.g., hot-wire anemometry). The mean wind speed in the test section of the wind tunnel during the tests shall be within 10 percent of the value specified in table D-2. The wind speed measured at any test point in the test section shall not differ by more than 10 percent from the mean wind speed in the test section. The turbulence intensity (longitudinal component and macroscale) in the test section shall be determined during the tests using an appropriate technique (e.g., hot-wire anemometry). (f) The accuracy of all flow measurements used to calculate the test atmosphere concentrations and the test results shall be documented to be within ±2 percent, referenced to a primary standard. Any flow measurement corrections shall be clearly shown. All flow measurements shall be given in actual volumetric units. (g) Schematic drawings of the particle delivery system (wind tunnel and blower system) and other information showing complete procedural details of the test atmosphere generation, verification, and delivery techniques shall be submitted to EPA. All pertinent calculations shall be clearly presented. § 53.43 Test procedures. (a) Sampling effectiveness Technical definition. (2) Test procedure. (ii) Generate particles of a size and type specified in table D-2 using a vibrating orifice aerosol generator. Check for the presence of satellites and adjust the generator as necessary. Calculate the aerodynamic particle size using the operating parameters of the vibrating orifice aerosol generator and record. The calculated aerodynamic diameter must be within the tolerance specified in table D-2. (iii) Collect a sample of the particles on a glass slide or other suitable substrate at the particle injection point. If a glass slide is used, it should be pretreated with an appropriate oleophobic surfactant when collecting liquid particles. Use a microscopic technique to size a minimum of 25 primary particles in three viewing fields (do not include multiplets). Determine the geometric mean aerodynamic diameter and geometric standard deviation using the bulk density of the particle type (and an appropriate flattening factor for liquid particles if collected on a glass slide). The measured geometric mean aerodynamic diameter must be within 0.5 µm or 10 percent of the aerodynamic diameter calculated from the operating parameters of the vibrating orifice aerosol generator. The geometric standard deviation must not exceed 1.1. (iv) Determine the population of multiplets (doublets and triplets) in the collected sample by counting a minimum of 100 particles in three viewing fields. The multiplet population of the particle test atmosphere must not exceed 10 percent. (v) Introduce the particles into the wind tunnel and allow the particle concentration to stabilize. (vi) Install an array of five or more evenly spaced isokinetic samplers in the sampling zone (see § 53.42(d)) of the wind tunnel. Collect particles on appropriate filters (e.g., glass fiber) over a time period such that the relative error of the measured particle concentration is less than 5 percent. Relative error is defined as (p × 100%)/(X), where p is the precision of the fluorometer on the appropriate range, X is the measured concentration, and the units of p and X are the same. (vii) Determine the quantity of material collected with each isokinetic sampler in the array using a calibrated fluorometer. Calculate and record the mass concentration for each isokinetic sampler as: where i = replicate number and j = isokinetic sampler number. (viii) Calculate and record the mean mass concentration as: where n = total number of isokinetic samplers. (ix) Calculate and record the coefficient of variation of the mass concentration measurements as: If the value of CV iso(i) (x) If a single isokinetic sampler is used, install the sampler in the wind tunnel with the sampler nozzle centered in the sampling zone (see § 53.42(d)). Collect particles on an appropriate filter (e.g., glass fiber) for a time period such that the relative error of the measured concentration (as defined in step (vi)) is less than 5 percent. Determine the quantity of material collected with the isokinetic sampler using a calibrated fluorometer. Calculate and record the mass concentration as C iso(i) (xi) Install the test sampler (or portion thereof) in the wind tunnel with the sampler inlet opening centered in the sampling zone (see § 53.42(d)). To meet the maximum blockage limit of § 53.42(a) or for convenience, part of the test sampler may be positioned external to the wind tunnel provided that neither the geometry of the sampler nor the length of any connecting tube or pipe is altered. Collect particles on an appropriate filter or filters (e.g., glass fiber) for a time period such that the relative error of the measured concentration (as defined in step (vi)) is less than 5 percent. (xii) Determine the quantity of material collected with the test sampler using a calibrated fluorometer. Calculate and record the mass concentration as: where i = replicate number. (xiii) Calculate and record the sampling effectiveness of the test sampler as: where i = replicate number. Note: If a single isokinetic sampler is used for the determination of particle mass concentration, replace C iso(i) iso(i) (xiv) Remove the test sampler from the wind tunnel. Repeat steps (vi) through (xiii), as appropriate, to obtain a minimum of three replicate measurements of sampling effectiveness. (xv) Calculate and record the average sampling effectiveness of the test sampler as: where n = number of replicates. (xvi) Calculate and record the coefficient of variation for the replicate sampling effectiveness measurements of the test sampler as: If the value of CV E (xvii) Repeat steps i through xvi for each wind speed, particle size, and particle type specified in table D-2. (xviii) For each of the three wind speeds (nominally 2, 8, and 24 km/hr), correct the liquid particle sampling effectiveness data for the presence of multiplets (doublets and triplets) in the test particle atmospheres. (xix) For each wind speed, plot the corrected liquid particle sampling effectiveness of the test sampler (E corr p p (xx) For each wind speed, calculate the expected mass concentration for the test sampler under the assumed particle size distribution and compare it to the mass concentration predicted for the ideal sampler, as follows: (A) Extrapolate the upper and lower ends of the corrected liquid particle sampling effectiveness curve to 100 percent and 0 percent, respectively, using smooth curves. Assume that E corr corr (B) Determine the value of E corr corr (C) Multiply the values of E corr (D) Sum the values in column 4 and enter the total as the expected mass concentration for the test sampler at the bottom of column 4 of table D-3. (E) Calculate and record the percent difference in expected mass concentration between the test sampler and the ideal sampler as: where: C sam(exp) 3 C ideal(exp) 3 (F) The candidate method passes the liquid particle sampling effectiveness test if the Δ C value for each wind speed meets the specification in table D-1. (xxi) For each of the two wind speeds (nominally 8 and 24 km/hr), calculate the difference between the average sampling effectiveness value for the 25 µm solid particles and the average sampling effectiveness value for the 25 µm liquid particles (uncorrected for multiplets). (xxii) The candidate method passes the solid particle sampling effectiveness test if each such difference meets the specification in table D-1. Table D-3—Expected Mass Concentration for PM 10 Particle size (um) Test sampler Ideal Sampler Sampling Interval mass concentration (µg/m 3 Expected mass concentration (µg/m 3 Sampling Interval mass concentration (µg/m 3 Expected mass concentration (µg/m 3 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) <1.0 1.000 62.813 62.813 1.000 62.813 62.813 1.5 9.554 0.949 9.554 9.067 02.0 2.164 0.942 2.164 2.038 02.5 1.785 0.933 1.785 1.665 03.0 2.084 0.922 2.084 1.921 03.5 2.618 0.909 2.618 2.380 04.0 3.211 0.893 3.211 2.867 04.5 3.784 0.876 3.784 3.315 05.0 4.300 0.857 4.300 3.685 05.5 4.742 0.835 4.742 3.960 06.0 5.105 0.812 5.105 4.145 06.5 5.389 0.786 5.389 4.236 07.0 5.601 0.759 5.601 4.251 07.5 5.746 0.729 5.746 4.189 08.0 5.834 0.697 5.834 4.066 08.5 5.871 0.664 5.871 3.898 09.0 5.864 0.628 5.864 3.683 09.5 5.822 0.590 5.822 3.435 10.0 5.750 0.551 5.750 3.168 10.5 5.653 0.509 5.653 2.877 11.0 8.257 0.465 8.257 3.840 12.0 10.521 0.371 10.521 3.903 13.0 9.902 0.269 9.902 2.664 14.0 9.250 0.159 9.250 1.471 15.0 8.593 0.041 8.593 0.352 16.0 7.948 0.000 7.948 0.000 17.0 7.329 0.000 7.329 0.000 18.0 9.904 0.000 9.904 0.000 20.0 11.366 0.000 11.366 0.000 22.0 9.540 0.000 9.540 0.000 24.0 7.997 0.000 7.997 0.000 26.0 6.704 0.000 6.704 0.000 28.0 5.627 0.000 5.627 0.000 30.0 7.785 0.000 7.785 0.000 35.0 7.800 0.000 7.800 0.000 40.0 5.192 0.000 5.192 0.000 45.0 4.959 0.000 4.959 0.000 C sam(exp) C ideal(exp) 143.889 (b) 50 Percent cutpoint Technical definition. (2) Test procedure. 50 (ii) The candidate method passes the 50 percent cutpoint test if the D 50 (c) Precision Technical definition. (2) Test procedure. Note: For candidate equivalent methods, this test may be used to satisfy part of the requirements of subpart C of this chapter. In that case, three reference method samplers are also used at the test site, measurements with the candidate and reference methods are compared as specified in § 53.34, and the test site must meet the requirements of § 53.30(b). (ii) Measure the PM 10 10 (i)(j) (iii) For each test day, calculate and record the average of the three measured PM 10 (j) (j) 3 (iv) Calculate and record the precision for each of the 10 test days as: if C j 3 if C j 3 (v) The candidate method passes the precision test if all 10 P j j (d) Flow rate stability Technical definition. (2) Test procedure. (i)(j)(t) (ii) For each sampler and for each test day, calculate and record the average flow rate as: where n = number of flow rate measurements during the 24-hour test day. (iii) For each sampler and for each test day, calculate and record the percent difference between the average flow rate and the initial flow rate as: where F (i)(j)(0) (iv) For each sampler and for each of the 3 test days on which flow measurements were obtained at 6-hour intervals throughout the 24-hour sampling period, calculate and record the percent differences between each measured flow rate and the initial flow rate as: where t = 6, 12, 18, or 24 hours. (v) The candidate method passes the flow rate stability test if all of the Δ F (i)(j) (i)(j)(t) [52 FR 24729, July 1, 1987, as amended at 89 FR 16387, Mar. 6, 2024] Subpart E—Procedures for Testing Physical (Design) and Performance Characteristics of Reference Methods and Class I and Class II Equivalent Methods for PM 2.5 10-2.5 Source: 62 FR 38799, July 18, 1997, unless otherwise noted. § 53.50 General provisions. (a) A candidate method for PM 2.5 10-2.5 2.5 10-2.5 (b) PM 2.5 methods Reference method. 2.5 (2) Class I method. 2.5 (3) Class II method. 2.5 (c) PM 10-2.5 methods Reference method. 10-2.5 (i) The PM 2.5 10-2.5 2.5 2.5 (ii) The PM 10C 10-2.5 2.5 10-2.5 (iii) For samplers that meet the provisions of paragraphs (c)(1)(i) and (ii) of this section, the candidate PM 10-2.5 (2) Class I method. 10-2.5 (i) The PM 2.5 10-2.5 2.5 2.5 (ii) The PM 10c 10-2.5 10-2.5 2.5 (iii) For samplers that meet the provisions of paragraphs (c)(2)(i) and (ii) of this section, the candidate PM 10-2.5 (3) Class II method. 10-2.5 (d) The provisions of § 53.51 pertain to test results and documentation required to demonstrate compliance of a candidate method sampler with the design specifications set forth in 40 CFR part 50, appendix L or O, as applicable. The test procedures prescribed in §§ 53.52 through 53.59 pertain to performance tests required to demonstrate compliance of a candidate method sampler with the performance specifications set forth in 40 CFR part 50, appendix L or O, as applicable, as well as additional requirements specified in this subpart E. These latter test procedures shall be used to test the performance of candidate samplers against the performance specifications and requirements specified in each procedure and summarized in table E-1 of this subpart. (e) Test procedures prescribed in § 53.59 do not apply to candidate reference method samplers. These procedures apply primarily to candidate Class I or Class II equivalent method samplers for PM 2.5 10-2.5 (f) A 10-day operational field test of measurement precision is required under § 53.58 for both FRM and Class I FEM samplers for PM 2.5 (g) All tests and collection of test data shall be performed in accordance with the requirements of reference 1, section 4.10.5 (ISO 9001) and reference 2, part B, (section 6) and Part C, (section 7) in appendix A of this subpart. All test data and other documentation obtained specifically from or pertinent to these tests shall be identified, dated, signed by the analyst performing the test, and submitted to EPA in accordance with subpart A of this part. [71 FR 61289, Oct. 17, 2006] § 53.51 Demonstration of compliance with design specifications and manufacturing and test requirements. (a) Overview. 2.5 10-2.5 2.5 10-2.5 (2) In addition, specific tests are required by paragraph (d) of this section to verify that critical features of FRM samplers—the particle size separator and the surface finish of surfaces specified to be anodized—meet the specifications of 40 CFR part 50, appendix L or appendix O, as applicable. A checklist is required to provide certification by an ISO-certified auditor that all performance and other required tests have been properly and appropriately conducted, based on a reasonable and appropriate sample of the actual operations or their documented records. Following designation of the method, another checklist is required initially to provide an ISO-certified auditor's certification that the sampler manufacturing process is being implemented under an adequate and appropriate quality system. (3) For the purposes of this section, the definitions of ISO 9001-registered facility and ISO-certified auditor are found in § 53.1. An exception to the reliance by EPA on ISO-certified auditors is the requirement for the submission of the operation or instruction manual associated with the candidate method to EPA as part of the application. This manual is required under § 53.4(b)(3). The EPA has determined that acceptable technical judgment for review of this manual may not be assured by ISO-certified auditors, and approval of this manual will therefore be performed by EPA. (b) ISO registration of manufacturing facility. 2.5 10-2.5 (c) Sampler manufacturing quality control. 2.5 10-2.5 (d) Specific tests and supporting documentation required to verify conformance to critical component specifications Verification of PM 2.5 (WINS) impactor jet diameter. 2.5 10-2.5 (2) VSCC and TE-PM 2.5 C separators. 2.5 (3) Verification of surface finish. (e) Final assembly and inspection requirements. (f) Manufacturer's audit checklists. (1) Designation testing checklist. (2) Product manufacturing checklist. [71 FR 61290, Oct. 17, 2006, as amended at 89 FR 16387, Mar. 6, 2024] § 53.52 Leak check test. (a) Overview. (b) Technical definitions. (2) Internal leakage is the total sample air flow rate that passes through the filter holder assembly without passing through the sample filter. (c) Required test equipment. (2) Flow rate measurement adaptor (40 CFR part 50, appendix L, figure L-30) or equivalent adaptor to facilitate measurement of sampler flow rate at the top of the downtube. (3) Impermeable membrane or disk, 47 mm nominal diameter. (4) Means, such as a micro-valve, of providing a simulated leak flow rate through the sampler of approximately 80 mL/min under the conditions specified for the leak check in the sampler's leak check procedure. (5) Teflon sample filter, as specified in section 6 of 40 CFR part 50, appendix L. (d) Calibration of test measurement instruments. (e) Test setup. (2) The flow rate control device shall be set up to provide a constant, controlled flow rate of 80 mL/min into the sampler downtube under the conditions specified for the leak check in the sampler's leak check procedure. (3) The flow rate measurement device shall be set up to measure the controlled flow rate of 80 mL/min into the sampler downtube under the conditions specified for the leak check in the sampler's leak check procedure. (f) Procedure. (2) Replace the impermeable membrane with a Teflon filter and install the cassette in the sampler. Remove the inlet from the sampler and install the flow measurement adaptor on the sampler's downtube. Close the valve of the adaptor to seal the flow system. Conduct the external leak check procedure as described in the sampler's operation/instruction manual and verify that the leak check acceptance criteria specified in table E-1 of this subpart are met. (3) Arrange the flow control device, flow rate measurement device, and other apparatus as necessary to provide a simulated leak flow rate of 80 mL/min into the test sampler through the downtube during the specified external leak check procedure. Carry out the external leak check procedure as described in the sampler's operation/instruction manual but with the simulated leak of 80 mL/min. (g) Test results. (1) That the leak check procedure indicates no significant external or internal leaks in the test sampler when no simulated leaks are introduced. (2) That the leak check procedure properly identifies the occurrence of the simulated external leak of 80 mL/min. [62 FR 38799, July 18, 1997, as amended at 71 FR 61291, Oct. 17, 2006] § 53.53 Test for flow rate accuracy, regulation, measurement accuracy, and cut-off. (a) Overview. (b) Technical definitions. (2) The flow rate cut-off function requires the sampler to automatically stop sample flow and terminate the current sample collection if the sample flow rate deviates by more than the variation limits specified in table E-1 of this subpart (±10 percent from the nominal sample flow rate) for more than 60 seconds during a sample collection period. The sampler is also required to properly notify the operator with a flag warning indication of the out-of-specification flow rate condition and if the flow rate cut-off results in an elapsed sample collection time of less than 23 hours. (c) Required test equipment. (2) Ambient air temperature sensor, with a resolution of 0.1 °C and certified to be accurate to within 0.5 °C (if needed). If the certified flow meter does not provide direct volumetric flow rate readings, ambient air temperature measurements must be made using continuous (analog) recording capability or digital recording at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes. (3) Barometer, range 600 mm Hg to 800 mm Hg, certified accurate to 2 mm Hg (if needed). If the certified flow meter does not provide direct volumetric flow rate readings, ambient pressure measurements must be made using continuous (analog) recording capability or digital recording at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes. (4) Flow measurement adaptor (40 CFR part 50, appendix L, figure L-30) or equivalent adaptor to facilitate measurement of sample flow rate at the sampler downtube. (5) Valve or other means to restrict or reduce the sample flow rate to a value at least 10 percent below the design flow rate (16.67 L/min). If appropriate, the valve of the flow measurement adaptor may be used for this purpose. (6) Means for creating an additional pressure drop of 55 mm Hg in the sampler to simulate a heavily loaded filter, such as an orifice or flow restrictive plate installed in the filter holder or a valve or other flow restrictor temporarily installed in the flow path near the filter. (7) Teflon sample filter, as specified in section 6 of 40 CFR part 50, appendix L (if required). (d) Calibration of test measurement instruments. (e) Test setup. (2) The inlet of the candidate sampler shall be removed and the flow measurement adaptor installed on the sampler's downtube. A leak check as described in the sampler's operation or instruction manual shall be conducted and must be properly passed before other tests are carried out. (3) The inlet of the flow measurement adaptor shall be connected to the outlet of the flow rate meter. (4) For the flow rate cut-off test, the valve or means for reducing sampler flow rate shall be installed between the flow measurement adaptor and the downtube or in another location within the sampler such that the sampler flow rate can be manually restricted during the test. (f) Procedure. (2) During the 6-hour operational flow rate portion of the test, measure and record the sample flow rate with the flow rate meter at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes. If ambient temperature and pressure corrections are necessary to calculate volumetric flow rate, ambient temperature and pressure shall be measured at the same frequency as that of the certified flow rate measurements. Note and record the actual start and stop times for the 6-hour flow rate test period. (3) Following completion of the 6-hour flow rate test period, install the flow rate reduction device and change the sampler flow rate recording frequency to intervals of not more than 30 seconds. Reset the sampler to start a new sample collection period. Manually restrict the sampler flow rate such that the sampler flow rate is decreased slowly over several minutes to a flow rate slightly less than the flow rate cut-off value (15.0 L/min). Maintain this flow rate for at least 2.0 minutes or until the sampler stops the sample flow automatically. Manually terminate the sample period, if the sampler has not terminated it automatically. (g) Test results. (1) Mean sample flow rate. ref ref,ave Equation 1 where: n equals the number of discrete certified flow rate measurements over the 6-hour test period. (ii)(A) Calculate the percent difference between this mean flow rate value and the design value of 16.67 L/min, as follows: Equation 2 (B) To successfully pass the mean flow rate test, the percent difference calculated in Equation 2 of this paragraph (g)(1)(ii) must be within ±5 percent. (2) Sample flow rate regulation. Equation 3 (ii) To successfully pass the flow rate regulation test, the calculated coefficient of variation for the certified flow rates must not exceed 2 percent. (3) Flow rate measurement accuracy. ind,ave Equation 4 (ii) To successfully pass the flow rate measurement accuracy test, the percent difference calculated in Equation 4 of this paragraph (g)(3) shall not exceed 2 percent. (4) Flow rate coefficient of variation measurement accuracy. ind Equation 5 (ii) To successfully pass the flow rate CV measurement accuracy test, the absolute difference in values calculated in Equation 5 of this paragraph (g)(4) must not exceed 0.3 (CV%). (5) Flow rate cut-off. (ii) At the completion of the flow rate cut-off test, download the archived data from the test sampler and verify that the sampler's required Flow-out-of-spec and Incorrect sample period flag indicators are properly set. [62 FR 38799, July 18, 1997, as amended at 71 FR 61291, Oct. 17, 2006] § 53.54 Test for proper sampler operation following power interruptions. (a) Overview. (i) Proper flow rate performance of the sampler. (ii) Accuracy of the sampler's average flow rate, CV, and sample volume measurements. (iii) Accuracy of the sampler's reported elapsed sampling time. (iv) Accuracy of the reported time and duration of power interruptions. (2) This test shall be conducted during operation of the test sampler over a continuous 6-hour test period during which the sampler's flow rate shall be measured and recorded at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes. The performance parameters tested under this procedure, the corresponding minimum performance specifications, and the applicable test conditions are summarized in table E-1 of this subpart. Each performance parameter tested, as described or determined in the test procedure, must meet or exceed the associated performance specification to successfully pass this test. (b) Required test equipment. (2) Ambient air temperature sensor (if needed for volumetric corrections to flow rate measurements), with a resolution of 0.1 °C, certified accurate to within 0.5 °C, and continuous (analog) recording capability or digital recording at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes. (3) Barometer (if needed for volumetric corrections to flow rate measurements), range 600 mm Hg to 800 mm Hg, certified accurate to 2 mm Hg, with continuous (analog) recording capability or digital recording at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes. (4) Flow measurement adaptor (40 CFR part 50, appendix L, figure L-30) or equivalent adaptor to facilitate measurement of sample flow rate at the sampler downtube. (5) Means for creating an additional pressure drop of 55 mm Hg in the sampler to simulate a heavily loaded filter, such as an orifice or flow restrictive plate installed in the filter holder or a valve or other flow restrictor temporarily installed in the flow path near the filter. (6) Teflon sample filter, as specified in section 6 of 40 CFR part 50, appendix L (if required). (7) Time measurement system, accurate to within 10 seconds per day. (c) Calibration of test measurement instruments. (d) Test setup. (2) The inlet of the candidate sampler shall be removed and the flow measurement adaptor installed on the sample downtube. A leak check as described in the sampler's operation or instruction manual shall be conducted and must be properly passed before other tests are carried out. (3) The inlet of the flow measurement adaptor shall be connected to the outlet of the flow rate meter. (e) Procedure. (2) During the entire 6-hour operational flow rate portion of the test, measure and record the sample flow rate with the flow rate meter at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes. If ambient temperature and pressure corrections are necessary to calculate volumetric flow rate, ambient temperature and pressure shall be measured at the same frequency as that of the certified flow rate measurements. Note and record the actual start and stop times for the 6-hour flow rate test period. (3) During the 6-hour test period, interrupt the AC line electrical power to the sampler 5 times, with durations of 20 seconds, 40 seconds, 2 minutes, 7 minutes, and 20 minutes (respectively), with not less than 10 minutes of normal electrical power supplied between each power interruption. Record the hour and minute and duration of each power interruption. (4) At the end of the test, terminate the sample period (if not automatically terminated by the sampler) and download all archived instrument data from the test sampler. (f) Test results. (1) Mean sample flow rate. ref ref,ave Equation 6 where: n equals the number of discrete certified flow rate measurements over the 6-hour test period, excluding flow rate values obtained during periods of power interruption. (ii)(A) Calculate the percent difference between this mean flow rate value and the design value of 16.67 L/min, as follows: Equation 7 (B) To successfully pass this test, the percent difference calculated in Equation 7 of this paragraph (f)(1)(ii) must be within ±5 percent. (2) Sample flow rate regulation. Equation 8 (ii) To successfully pass this test, the calculated coefficient of variation for the certified flow rates must not exceed 2 percent. (3) Flow rate measurement accuracy. ind,ave Equation 9 (ii) To successfully pass this test, the percent difference calculated in Equation 9 of this paragraph (f)(3) shall not exceed 2 percent. (4) Flow rate CV measurement accuracy. ind Equation 10 (ii) To successfully pass this test, the absolute difference in values calculated in Equation 10 of this paragraph (f)(4) must not exceed 0.3 (CV%). (5) Verify that the sampler properly provided a record and visual display of the correct year, month, day-of-month, hour, and minute with an accuracy of ±2 minutes, of the start of each power interruption of duration greater than 60 seconds. (6) Calculate the actual elapsed sample time, excluding the periods of electrical power interruption. Verify that the elapsed sample time reported by the sampler is accurate to within ±20 seconds for the 6-hour test run. (7) Calculate the sample volume as Q ref.ave (8) Inspect the downloaded instrument data from the test sampler and verify that all data are consistent with normal operation of the sampler. [62 FR 38799, July 18, 1997; 63 FR 7714, Feb. 17, 1998, as amended at 71 FR 61291, Oct. 17, 2006] § 53.55 Test for effect of variations in power line voltage and ambient temperature. (a) Overview. (i) Sample flow rate. (ii) Flow rate regulation. (iii) Flow rate measurement accuracy. (iv) Coefficient of variability measurement accuracy. (v) Ambient air temperature measurement accuracy. (vi) Proper operation of the sampler when exposed to power line voltage and ambient temperature extremes. (2) The performance parameters tested under this procedure, the corresponding minimum performance specifications, and the applicable test conditions are summarized in table E-1 of this subpart. Each performance parameter tested, as described or determined in the test procedure, must meet or exceed the associated performance specification given. The candidate sampler must meet all specifications for the associated PM 2.5 10-2.5 (b) Technical definition. (c) Required test equipment. (2) Variable voltage AC power transformer, range 100 Vac to 130 Vac, with sufficient current capacity to operate the test sampler continuously under the test conditions. (3) Flow rate meter, suitable for measuring and recording the actual volumetric sample flow rate at the sampler downtube, with a minimum range of 10 to 25 actual L/min, 2 percent certified, NIST-traceable accuracy. Optional capability for continuous (analog) recording capability or digital recording at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes is recommended. While a flow meter which provides a direct indication of volumetric flow rate is preferred for this test, an alternative certified flow measurement device may be used as long as appropriate volumetric flow rate corrections are made based on measurements of actual ambient temperature and pressure conditions. (4) Ambient air temperature recorder, range −30 °C to = 50 °C, with a resolution of 0.1 °C and certified accurate to within 0.5 °C. Ambient air temperature measurements must be made using continuous (analog) recording capability or digital recording at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes. (5) Barometer, range 600 mm Hg to 800 mm Hg, certified accurate to 2 mm Hg. If the certified flow rate meter does not provide direct volumetric flow rate readings, ambient pressure measurements must be made using continuous (analog) recording capability or digital recording at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes. (6) Flow measurement adaptor (40 CFR part 50, appendix L, figure L-30) or equivalent adaptor to facilitate measurement of sampler flow rate at the sampler downtube. (7) Means for creating an additional pressure drop of 55 mm Hg in the sampler to simulate a heavily loaded filter, such as an orifice or flow restrictive plate installed in the filter holder or a valve or other flow restrictor temporarily installed in the flow path near the filter. (8) AC RMS voltmeter, accurate to 1.0 volt. (9) Teflon sample filter, as specified in section 6 of 40 CFR part 50, appendix L (if required). (d) Calibration of test measurement instruments. (e) Test setup. (2) The inlet of the candidate sampler shall be removed and the flow measurement adaptor installed on the sampler's downtube. A leak check as described in the sampler's operation or instruction manual shall be conducted and must be properly passed before other tests are carried out. (3) The inlet of the flow measurement adaptor shall be connected to the outlet of the flow rate meter. (4) The ambient air temperature recorder shall be installed in the test chamber such that it will accurately measure the temperature of the air in the vicinity of the candidate sampler without being unduly affected by the chamber's air temperature control system. (f) Procedure. (2) The test shall consist of four test runs, one at each of the following conditions of chamber temperature and electrical power line voltage (respectively): (i) −20 °C ±2 °C and 105 ±1 Vac. (ii) −20 °C ±2 °C and 125 ±1 Vac. (iii) = 40 °C ±2 °C and 105 ±1 Vac. (iv) = 40 °C ±2 °C and 125 ±1 Vac. (3) For each of the four test runs, set the selected chamber temperature and power line voltage for the test run. Upon achieving each temperature setpoint in the chamber, the candidate sampler and flow meter shall be thermally equilibrated for a period of at least 2 hours prior to the test run. Following the thermal conditioning time, set the sampler to automatically start a 6-hour sample collection period at a convenient time. (4) During each 6-hour test period: (i) Measure and record the sample flow rate with the flow rate meter at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes. If ambient temperature and pressure corrections are necessary to calculate volumetric flow rate, ambient temperature and pressure shall be measured at the same frequency as that of the certified flow rate measurements. Note and record the actual start and stop times for the 6-hour flow rate test period. (ii) Determine and record the ambient (chamber) temperature indicated by the sampler and the corresponding ambient (chamber) temperature measured by the ambient temperature recorder specified in paragraph (c)(4) of this section at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes. (iii) Measure the power line voltage to the sampler at intervals not greater than 1 hour. (5) At the end of each test run, terminate the sample period (if not automatically terminated by the sampler) and download all archived instrument data from the test sampler. (g) Test results. (1) Mean sample flow rate. ref ref,ave Equation 11 where: n equals the number of discrete certified flow rate measurements over each 6-hour test period. (ii)(A) Calculate the percent difference between this mean flow rate value and the design value of 16.67 L/min, as follows: Equation 12 (B) To successfully pass this test, the percent difference calculated in Equation 12 of this paragraph (g)(1)(ii) must be within ±5 percent for each test run. (2) Sample flow rate regulation. Equation 13 (ii) To successfully pass this test, the calculated coefficient of variation for the certified flow rates must not exceed 2 percent. (3) Flow rate measurement accuracy. ind,ave Equation 14 (ii) To successfully pass this test, the percent difference calculated in Equation 14 of this paragraph (g)(3) shall not exceed 2 percent for each test run. (4) Flow rate coefficient of variation measurement accuracy. ind Equation 15 (ii) To successfully pass this test, the absolute difference calculated in Equation 15 of this paragraph (g)(4) must not exceed 0.3 (CV%) for each test run. (5) Ambient temperature measurement accuracy. Where: T ind,ave T ref,ave (ii) The calculated temperature difference must be less than 2 °C for each test run. (6) Sampler functionality. (i) The sampler must not shutdown during any portion of the 6-hour test. (ii) An inspection of the downloaded data from the test sampler verifies that all the data are consistent with normal operation of the sampler. [62 FR 38799, July 18, 1997, as amended at 71 FR 61291, Oct. 17, 2006] § 53.56 Test for effect of variations in ambient pressure. (a) Overview. (i) Sample flow rate. (ii) Flow rate regulation. (iii) Flow rate measurement accuracy. (iv) Coefficient of variability measurement accuracy. (v) Ambient pressure measurement accuracy. (vi) Proper operation of the sampler when exposed to ambient pressure extremes. (2) The performance parameters tested under this procedure, the corresponding minimum performance specifications, and the applicable test conditions are summarized in table E-1 of this subpart. Each performance parameter tested, as described or determined in the test procedure, must meet or exceed the associated performance specification given. The candidate sampler must meet all specifications for the associated PM 2.5 10-2.5 (b) Technical definition. (c) Required test equipment. (2) Flow rate meter, suitable for measuring and recording the actual volumetric sampler flow rate at the sampler downtube, with a minimum range of 10 to 25 L/min, 2 percent certified, NIST-traceable accuracy. Optional capability for continuous (analog) recording capability or digital recording at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes is recommended. While a flow meter which provides a direct indication of volumetric flow rate is preferred for this test, an alternative certified flow measurement device may be used as long as appropriate volumetric flow rate corrections are made based on measurements of actual ambient temperature and pressure conditions. (3) Ambient air temperature recorder (if needed for volumetric corrections to flow rate measurements) with a range −30 °C to = 50 °C, certified accurate to within 0.5 °C. If the certified flow meter does not provide direct volumetric flow rate readings, ambient temperature measurements must be made using continuous (analog) recording capability or digital recording at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes. (4) Barometer, range 600 mm Hg to 800 mm Hg, certified accurate to 2 mm Hg. Ambient air pressure measurements must be made using continuous (analog) recording capability or digital recording at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes. (5) Flow measurement adaptor (40 CFR part 50, appendix L, figure L-30) or equivalent adaptor to facilitate measurement of sampler flow rate at the sampler downtube. (6) Means for creating an additional pressure drop of 55 mm Hg in the sampler to simulate a heavily loaded filter, such as an orifice or flow restrictive plate installed in the filter holder or a valve or other flow restrictor temporarily installed in the flow path near the filter. (7) Teflon sample filter, as specified in section 6 of 40 CFR part 50, appendix L (if required). (d) Calibration of test measurement instruments. (e) Test setup. (2) The inlet of the candidate sampler shall be removed and the flow measurement adaptor installed on the sampler's downtube. A leak check as described in the sampler's operation or instruction manual shall be conducted and must be properly passed before other tests are carried out. (3) The inlet of the flow measurement adaptor shall be connected to the outlet of the flow rate meter. (4) The barometer shall be installed in the test chamber such that it will accurately measure the air pressure to which the candidate sampler is subjected. (f) Procedure. (2) The test shall consist of two test runs, one at each of the following conditions of chamber pressure: (i) 600 mm Hg. (ii) 800 mm Hg. (3) For each of the two test runs, set the selected chamber pressure for the test run. Upon achieving each pressure setpoint in the chamber, the candidate sampler shall be pressure-equilibrated for a period of at least 30 minutes prior to the test run. Following the conditioning time, set the sampler to automatically start a 6-hour sample collection period at a convenient time. (4) During each 6-hour test period: (i) Measure and record the sample flow rate with the flow rate meter at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes. If ambient temperature and pressure corrections are necessary to calculate volumetric flow rate, ambient temperature and pressure shall be measured at the same frequency as that of the certified flow rate measurements. Note and record the actual start and stop times for the 6-hour flow rate test period. (ii) Determine and record the ambient (chamber) pressure indicated by the sampler and the corresponding ambient (chamber) pressure measured by the barometer specified in paragraph (c)(4) of this section at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes. (5) At the end of each test period, terminate the sample period (if not automatically terminated by the sampler) and download all archived instrument data for the test run from the test sampler. (g) Test results. (1) Mean sample flow rate. ref ref,ave Equation 17 where: n equals the number of discrete certified flow measurements over the 6-hour test period. (ii)(A) Calculate the percent difference between this mean flow rate value and the design value of 16.67 L/min, as follows: Equation 18 (B) To successfully pass this test, the percent difference calculated in Equation 18 of this paragraph (g)(1) must be within ±5 percent for each test run. (2) Sample flow rate regulation. Equation 19 (ii) To successfully pass this test, the calculated coefficient of variation for the certified flow rates must not exceed 2 percent. (3) Flow rate measurement accuracy. ind,ave Equation 20 (ii) To successfully pass this test, the percent difference calculated in Equation 20 of this paragraph (g)(3) shall not exceed 2 percent for each test run. (4) Flow rate CV measurement accuracy. ind Equation 21 (ii) To successfully pass this test, the absolute difference in values calculated in Equation 21 of this paragraph (g)(4) must not exceed 0.3 (CV%) for each test run. (5) Ambient pressure measurement accuracy. Equation 22 where: P ind,ave P ref,ave (ii) The calculated pressure difference must be less than 10 mm Hg for each test run to pass the test. (6) Sampler functionality. (i) The sampler must not shut down during any part of the 6-hour tests; and (ii) An inspection of the downloaded data from the test sampler verifies that all the data are consistent with normal operation of the sampler. [62 FR 38799, July 18, 1997; 63 FR 7714, Feb. 17, 1998, as amended at 71 FR 61292, Oct. 17, 2006] § 53.57 Test for filter temperature control during sampling and post-sampling periods. (a) Overview. (b) Technical definition. (c) Required test equipment. 2 (2) Ambient air temperature recorder, range −30 °C to = 50 °C, with a resolution of 0.1 °C and certified accurate to within 0.5 °C. Ambient air temperature measurements must be made using continuous (analog) recording capability or digital recording at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes. (3) Flow measurement adaptor (40 CFR part 50, appendix L, figure L-30) or equivalent adaptor to facilitate measurement of sampler flow rate at the sampler downtube. (4) Miniature temperature sensor(s), capable of being installed in the sampler without introducing air leakage and capable of measuring the sample air temperature within 1 cm of the center of the filter, downstream of the filter; with a resolution of 0.1 °C, certified accurate to within 0.5 °C, NIST-traceable, with continuous (analog) recording capability or digital recording at intervals of not more than 5 minutes. (5) Solar radiometer, to measure the intensity of the simulated solar radiation in the test environment, range of 0 to approximately 1500 W/m 2 (6) Sample filter or filters, as specified in section 6 of 40 CFR part 50, appendix L. (d) Calibration of test measurement instruments. (e) Test setup. (2) The miniature temperature sensor shall be temporarily installed in the test sampler such that it accurately measures the air temperature 1 cm from the center of the filter on the downstream side of the filter. The sensor shall be installed such that no external or internal air leakage is created by the sensor installation. The sensor's dimensions and installation shall be selected to minimize temperature measurement uncertainties due to thermal conduction along the sensor mounting structure or sensor conductors. For sequential samplers, similar temperature sensors shall also be temporarily installed in the test sampler to monitor the temperature 1 cm from the center of each filter stored in the sampler for sequential sample operation. (3) The solar radiant energy source shall be installed in the test chamber such that the entire test sampler is irradiated in a manner similar to the way it would be irradiated by solar radiation if it were located outdoors in an open area on a sunny day, with the radiation arriving at an angle of between 30° and 45° from vertical. The intensity of the radiation received by all sampler surfaces that receive direct radiation shall average 1000 ±50 W/m 2 (4) The solar radiometer shall be installed in a location where it measures thermal radiation that is generally representative of the average thermal radiation intensity that the upper portion of the sampler and sampler inlet receive. The solar radiometer shall be oriented so that it measures the radiation in a plane perpendicular to its angle of incidence. (5) The ambient air temperature recorder shall be installed in the test chamber such that it will accurately measure the temperature of the air in the chamber without being unduly affected by the chamber's air temperature control system or by the radiant energy from the solar radiation source that may be present inside the test chamber. (f) Procedure. (2) Remove the inlet of the candidate test sampler and install the flow measurement adaptor on the sampler's downtube. Conduct a leak check as described in the sampler's operation or instruction manual. The leak test must be properly passed before other tests are carried out. (3) Remove the flow measurement adaptor from the downtube and re-install the sampling inlet. (4) Activate the solar radiation source and verify that the resulting energy distribution prescribed in table E-2 of this subpart is achieved. (5) Program the test sampler to conduct a single sampling run of 4 continuous hours. During the 4-hour sampling run, measure and record the radiant flux, ambient temperature, and filter temperature (all filter temperatures for sequential samplers) at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes. (6) At the completion of the 4-hour sampling phase, terminate the sample period, if not terminated automatically by the sampler. Continue to measure and record the radiant flux, ambient temperature, and filter temperature or temperatures for 4 additional hours at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes. At the completion of the 4-hour post-sampling period, discontinue the measurements and turn off the solar source. (7) Download all archived sampler data from the test run. (g) Test results. (1) Filter temperature measurement accuracy. Equation 23 where: T ind,filter T ref,filter (ii) To successfully pass the indicated filter temperature accuracy test, the calculated difference between the measured means (T diff,filter (2) Ambient temperature measurement accuracy. Equation 24 where: T ind,ambient T ref,ambient (ii) To successfully pass the indicated ambient temperature accuracy test, the calculated difference between the measured means (T diff,ambient (3) Filter temperature control accuracy. Equation 25 (ii) Tabulate and inspect the calculated differences as a function of time. To successfully pass the indicated filter temperature control test, the calculated difference between the measured values must not exceed 5 °C for any consecutive intervals covering more than a 30-minute time period. (iii) For sequential samplers, repeat the test calculations for each of the stored sequential sample filters. All stored filters must also meet the 5 °C temperature control test. [62 FR 38799, July 18, 1997; 63 FR 7714, Feb. 17, 1998, as amended at 71 FR 61292, Oct. 17, 2006] § 53.58 Operational field precision and blank test. (a) Overview. (b) Technical definition. (2) Storage deposition is defined as the mass of material inadvertently deposited on a sample filter that is stored in a sequential sampler either prior to or subsequent to the active sample collection period. (c) Test site. 2.5 10-2.5 (d) Required facilities and equipment. (2) Teflon sample filters, as specified in section 6 of 40 CFR part 50, appendix L, conditioned and preweighed as required by section 8 of 40 CFR part 50, appendix L, as needed for the test samples. (e) Test setup. (2) Each test sampler shall be successfully leak checked, calibrated, and set up for normal operation in accordance with the instruction manual and with any applicable supplemental guidance provided in reference 3 in appendix A of this subpart. (f) Test procedure. (2) Collect either a nominal 24-hour or 48-hour atmospheric PM sample simultaneously with each of the three test samplers. (3) Following sample collection, retrieve the collected sample from each sampler. For sequential samplers, retrieve the additional stored (blank, unsampled) filters after at least 5 days (120 hours) storage in the sampler if the active samples are 24-hour samples, or after at least 10 days (240 hours) if the active samples are 48-hour samples. (4) Determine the measured PM mass concentration for each sample in accordance with the applicable procedures prescribed for the candidate method in appendix L or appendix O, as applicable, of part 50 of this chapter, and in accordance with the associated manual referred to in § 53.4(b)(3) and supplemental guidance in reference 2 in appendix A of this subpart. For sequential samplers, also similarly determine the storage deposition as the net weight gain of each blank, unsampled filter after the 5-day (or 10-day) period of storage in the sampler. (5) Repeat this procedure to obtain a total of 10 sets of any combination of (nominal) 24-hour or 48-hour PM measurements over 10 test periods. For sequential samplers, repeat the 5-day (or 10-day) storage test of additional blank filters once for a total of two sets of blank filters. (g) Calculations. i,j (2)(i) For each test period, calculate and record the average of the three measured PM concentrations as C ave,j (ii) If C ave,j 3 (3)(i) Calculate and record the precision for each of the 10 test periods, as the standard deviation, using equation 27 of this section: (ii) For each of the 10 test periods, also calculate and record the precision as the relative standard deviation, in percent, using equation 28 of this section: (h) Test results. either j j (2) The candidate sequential sampler passes the blank filter storage deposition test if the average net storage deposition weight gain of each set of blank filters (total of the net weight gain of each blank filter divided by the number of filters in the set) from each test sampler (six sets in all) is less than 50 µg. [71 FR 61292, Oct. 17, 2006,as amended at 72 FR 32208, June 12, 2007] § 53.59 Aerosol transport test for Class I equivalent method samplers. (a) Overview. (b) Technical definitions. (2) The active sample filter is the exclusive filter through which sample air is flowing during performance of this test. (3) A no-flow filter is a sample filter through which no sample air is intended to flow during performance of this test. (4) A channel is any of two or more flow paths that the aerosol may take, only one of which may be active at a time. (5) An added component is any physical part of the sampler which is different in some way from that specified for a reference method sampler in 40 CFR part 50, appendix L or appendix O, as applicable, such as a device or means to allow or cause the aerosol to be routed to one of several channels. (c) Required facilities and test equipment. (2) Aerosol delivery system, as specified in § 53.64(c)(2). (3) Particle size verification equipment, as specified in § 53.62(c)(3). (4) Fluorometer, as specified in § 53.62(c)(7). (5) Candidate test sampler, with the inlet and impactor or impactors removed, and with all internal surfaces of added components electroless nickel coated as specified in § 53.64(d)(2). (6) Filters that are appropriate for use with fluorometric methods (e.g., glass fiber). (d) Calibration of test measurement instruments. (e) Test setup. (2) The test particle delivery system shall be connected to the sampler downtube so that the test aerosol is introduced at the top of the downtube. (f) Test procedure. (2) Generate aerosol. (i) Generate aerosol composed of oleic acid with a uranine fluorometric tag of 3 ±0.25 µm aerodynamic diameter using a vibrating orifice aerosol generator according to conventions specified in § 53.61(g). (ii) Check for the presence of satellites and adjust the generator to minimize their production. (iii) Calculate the aerodynamic particle size using the operating parameters of the vibrating orifice aerosol generator. The calculated aerodynamic diameter must be 3 ±0.25 µm aerodynamic diameter. (3) Verify the particle size according to procedures specified in § 53.62(d)(4)(i). (4) Collect particles on filters for a time period such that the relative error of the resulting measured fluorometric concentration for the active filter is less than 5 percent. (5) Determine the quantity of material collected on the active filter using a calibrated fluorometer. Record the mass of fluorometric material for the active filter as M active (i) (6) Determine the quantity of material collected on each no-flow filter using a calibrated fluorometer. Record the mass of fluorometric material on each no-flow filter as M no-flow (7) Using 0.01 N NaOH, wash the surfaces of the added component or components which contact the aerosol flow. Determine the quantity of material collected using a calibrated fluorometer. Record the mass of fluorometric material collected in the wash as M wash (8) Calculate the aerosol transport as: Equation 29 where: i = the active channel number. (9) Repeat paragraphs (f)(1) through (8) of this section for each channel, making each channel in turn the exclusive active channel. (g) Test results. (i) [62 FR 38799, July 18, 1997, as amended at 71 FR 61293, Oct. 17, 2006] Table E-1 to Subpart E of Part 53—Summary of Test Requirements for Reference and Class I Equivalent Methods for PM 2.5 10-2.5 Subpart E procedure Performance test Performance specification Test conditions Part 50, § 53.52 Sample leak check test Sampler leak check facility External leakage: 80 mL/min, max Controlled leak flow rate of 80 mL/min Sec. 7.4.6. § 53.53 Base flow rate test Sample flow rate 1. 16.67 ±5%, L/min (a) 6-hour normal operational test plus flow rate cut-off test Sec. 7.4.1. § 53.54 Power interruption test Sample flow rate 1. 16.67 ±5%, L/min (a) 6-hour normal operational test Sec. 7.4.1. § 53.55 Temperature and line voltage test Sample flow rate 1. 16.67 ±5%, L/min (a) 6-hour normal operational test Sec. 7.4.1. § 53.56 Barometric pressure effect test Sample flow rate 1. 16.67 ±5%, L/p;min (a) 6-hour normal operational test Sec. 7.4.1. § 53.57 Filter temperature control test 1. Filter temp. meas. accuracy 1. 2 °C (a) 4-hour simulated solar radiation, sampling 2 Sec. 7.4.8. § 53.58 Field precision test 1. Measurement precision 1. P j 3 j (a) 3 collocated samplers at 1 site for at least 10 days 2.5 3 Sec. 5.1. The Following Requirement Is Applicable to Class I Candidate Equivalent Methods Only § 53.59 Aerosol transport test Aerosol transport 97%, min. for all channels. Determine aerosol transport through any new or modified components with respect to the reference method sampler before the filter for each channel [72 FR 32208, June 12, 2007] Table E-2 to Subpart E of Part 53—Spectral Energy Distribution and Permitted Tolerance for Conducting Radiative Tests Characteristic Spectral Region Ultraviolet Visible Infrared Bandwidth (µm) 0.28 to 0.32 0.32 to 0.40 0.40 to 0.78 0.78 to 3.00 Irradiance (W/m 2 5 56 450 to 550 439 Allowed Tolerance ±35% ±25% ±10% ±10% [62 FR 38799, July 18, 1997; 63 FR 7714, Feb. 17, 1998] Figure E-1 to Subpart E of Part 53—Designation Testing Checklist DESIGNATION TESTING CHECKLIST __________ __________ __________ Auditee Auditor signature Date Compliance Status: Y = Yes N = No NA = Not applicable/Not available Verification Comments (Includes documentation of who, what, where, when, why) (Doc. #, Rev. #, Rev. Date) Verification Verified by Direct Observation of Process or of Documented Evidence: Performance, Design or Application Spec. Corresponding to Sections of 40 CFR Part 53 or 40 CFR Part 50, Appendix L Y N NA Performance Specification Tests Sample flow rate coefficient of variation (§ 53.53) (L-7.4.3) Filter temperature control (sampling) (§ 53.57) (L-7.4.10) Elapsed sample time accuracy (§ 53.54) (L-7.4.13) Filter temperature control (post sampling) (§ 53.57) (L-7.4.10) Application Specification Tests Field Precision (§ 53.58) (L-5.1) Meets all Appendix L requirements (part 53, subpart A, § 53.2(a)(3)) (part 53, subpart E, § 53.51(a),(d)) Filter Weighing (L-8) Field Sampling Procedure (§ 53.30, .31, .34) Design Specification Tests Filter (L-6) Range of Operational Conditions (L-7.4.7) The Following Requirements Apply Only to Class I Candidate Equivalent Methods Aerosol Transport (§ 53.59) Appendix A to Subpart E of Part 53—References (1) American National Standard Quality Systems—Model for Quality Assurance in Design, Development, Production, Installation, and Servicing, ANSI/ISO/ASQC Q9001-1994. Available from American Society for Quality, P.O. Box 3005, Milwaukee, WI 53202 ( http://qualitypress.asq.org (2) American National Standard Quality Systems for Environmental Data and Technology Programs—Requirements with guidance for use, ANSI/ASQC E4-2004. Available from American Society for Quality, P.O. Box 3005, Milwaukee, WI 53202 ( http://qualitypress.asq.org (3) Quality Assurance Guidance Document 2.12. Monitoring PM 2.5 http://www.epa.gov/ttn/amtic/pmqainf.html. (4) Military standard specification (mil. spec.) 8625F, Type II, Class 1 as listed in Department of Defense Index of Specifications and Standards (DODISS), available from DODSSP-Customer Service, Standardization Documents Order Desk, 700 Robbins Avenue, Building 4D, Philadelphia, PA 1911-5094. (5) Quality Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution Measurement Systems, Volume IV: Meteorological Measurements. Revised March, 1995. EPA-600/R-94-038d. Available from National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA 22161, (800-553-6847, http://www.ntis.gov (6) Military standard specification (mil. spec.) 810-E as listed in Department of Defense Index of Specifications and Standards (DODISS), available from DODSSP-Customer Service, Standardization Documents Order Desk, 700 Robbins Avenue, Building 4D, Philadelphia, PA 1911-5094. [62 FR 38799, July 18, 1997, as amended at 71 FR 61295, Oct. 17, 2006] Subpart F—Procedures for Testing Performance Characteristics of Class II Equivalent Methods for PM 2.5 Source: 62 FR 38814, July 18, 1997, unless otherwise noted. § 53.60 General provisions. (a) This subpart sets forth the specific requirements that a PM 2.5 2.5 (b) A candidate method described in an application for a FRM or FEM determination submitted under § 53.4 shall be determined by the EPA to be a Class II candidate equivalent method on the basis of the definition of a Class II FEM in § 53.1. (c) Any sampler associated with a Class II candidate equivalent method (Class II sampler) must meet all applicable requirements for FRM samplers or Class I FEM samplers specified in subpart E of this part, as appropriate. Except as provided in § 53.3(a)(3), a Class II PM 2.5 (d) Except as provided in paragraphs (d)(1), (2), and (3) of this section, all Class II samplers are subject to the additional tests and performance requirements specified in § 53.62 (full wind tunnel test), § 53.65 (loading test), and § 53.66 (volatility test). Alternative tests and performance requirements, as described in paragraphs (d)(1), (2), and (3) of this section, are optionally available for certain Class II samplers which meet the requirements for reference method or Class I equivalent method samplers given in 40 CFR part 50, appendix L, and in subpart E of this part, except for specific deviations of the inlet, fractionator, or filter. (1) Inlet deviation. (2) Fractionator deviation. (3) Filter size deviation. (e) The test specifications and acceptance criteria for each test are summarized in table F-1 of this subpart. (f) Overview of various test procedures for Class II samplers Full wind tunnel test. (2) Wind tunnel inlet aspiration test. (3) Static fractionator test. (4) Loading test. (5) Volatility test. (g) Test data. [62 FR 38814, July 18, 1997, as amended at 71 FR 61295, Oct. 17, 2006] § 53.61 Test conditions. (a) Sampler surface preparation. (b) Sampler setup. (c) Sampler adjustments. (d) Sampler malfunctions. (e) Particle concentration measurements. (f) Operation of test measurement equipment. (g) Vibrating Orifice Aerosol Generator (VOAG) and Flow-Focusing Monodisperse Aerosol Generator (FMAG) conventions. (1) Particle aerodynamic diameter. (i) The physical diameter of a generated spherical particle can be calculated from the operational parameters of the VOAG and FMAG as: Equation 1 where: D p Q = liquid volumetric flow rate, µm 3 C vol f = frequency of applied vibrational signal, 1/sec. (ii) A given particle's aerodynamic behavior is a function of its physical particle size, particle shape, and density. Aerodynamic diameter is defined as the diameter of a unit density (ρ o 3 Equation 2 where: D ae ρ p 3 ρ o 3 C Dp C Dae (iii) At room temperature and standard pressure, the Cunningham's slip correction factor is solely a function of particle diameter: Equation 3 or Equation 4 (iv) Since the slip correction factor is itself a function of particle diameter, the aerodynamic diameter in equation 2 of paragraph (g)(1)(ii) of this section cannot be solved directly but must be determined by iteration. (2) Solid particle generation. 2 12 5 vol 3 (ii) Mass deposits of ammonium fluorescein shall be extracted and analyzed using solutions of 0.01 N ammonium hydroxide. (iii) Calculation of the physical diameter of the particles produced by the VOAG and FMAG requires knowledge of the liquid solution's volume concentration (C vol Where: V u V oleic V sol M u P u 3 M oleic P oleic 3 (3) Liquid particle generation. 18 34 2 3 (ii) Oleic acid solutions tagged with uranine shall be prepared as follows. A known mass of oleic acid shall first be diluted using absolute ethanol. The desired mass of the uranine tag should then be diluted in a separate container using absolute ethanol. Uranine (C 20 10 5 2 3 (iii) Calculation of the physical diameter of the particles produced by the VOAG requires knowledge of the liquid solution's volume concentration (C vol Equation 5 where: V u V oleic V sol M u ρ u 3 M oleic ρ oleic 3 (iv) For purposes of converting the particles' physical diameter to aerodynamic diameter, the density of the generated particles shall be calculated as: Equation 6 (v) Mass deposits of oleic acid shall be extracted and analyzed using solutions of 0.01 N sodium hydroxide. [62 FR 38814, July 18, 1997; 63 FR 7714, Feb. 17, 1998, as amended at 89 FR 16387, Mar. 6, 2024] § 53.62 Test procedure: Full wind tunnel test. (a) Overview. p50 (b) Technical definitions. (c) Facilities and equipment required Wind tunnel. (2) Aerosol generation system. (3) Particle size verification equipment. (4) Wind speed measurement. (5) Aerosol rake. (6) Total aerosol isokinetic sampler. (7) Fluorometer. (8) Sampler flow rate measurements. (d) Test procedures Establish and verify wind speed. (ii) Measure the wind speed at a minimum of 12 test points in a cross-sectional area of the test section of the wind tunnel using a device as described in paragraph (c)(4) of this section. (iii) Verify that the mean wind speed in the test section of the wind tunnel during the tests is within 10 percent of the value specified in table F-2 of this subpart. The wind speed measured at any test point in the test section shall not differ by more than 10 percent from the mean wind speed in the test section. (2) Generate aerosol. (ii) Check for the presence of satellites and adjust the generator as necessary. (iii) Calculate the physical particle size using the operating parameters of the vibrating orifice aerosol generator and record. (iv) Determine the particle's aerodynamic diameter from the calculated physical diameter and the known density of the generated particle. The calculated aerodynamic diameter must be within the tolerance specified in table F-2 of this subpart. (3) Introduce particles into the wind tunnel. (4) Verify the quality of the test aerosol. (ii) Determine the population of multiplets in the collected sample. The multiplet population of the particle test atmosphere must not exceed 10 percent of the total particle population. (5) Aerosol uniformity and concentration measurement. (ii) Determine the quantity of material collected with each isokinetic sampler in the array using a calibrated fluorometer. Calculate and record the mass concentration for each isokinetic sampler as: Equation 7 where: i = replicate number; j = isokinetic sampler number; M iso Q = isokinetic sampler volumetric flow rate; and t = sampling time. (iii) Calculate and record the mean mass concentration as: Equation 8 where: i = replicate number; j = isokinetic sampler number; and n = total number of isokinetic samplers. (iv) Precision calculation. (A) Calculate the coefficient of variation of the mass concentration measurements as: Equation 9 where: i = replicate number; j = isokinetic sampler number; and n = total number of isokinetic samplers. (B) If the value of CV iso(i) (6) Alternative measure of wind tunnel total concentration. (i) Collect particles on an appropriate filter over a time period such that the relative error of the measured concentration is less than 5.0 percent. (ii) Determine the quantity of material collected with the isokinetic sampler using a calibrated fluorometer. (iii) Calculate and record the mass concentration as C iso(i) (iv) Remove the isokinetic sampler from the wind tunnel. (7) Measure the aerosol with the candidate sampler. (ii) Remove the test sampler from the wind tunnel. (iii) Determine the quantity of material collected with the test sampler using a calibrated fluorometer. Calculate and record the mass concentration for each replicate as: Equation 10 where: i = replicate number; M cand Q = candidate sampler volumetric flow rate; and t = sampling time. (iv)(A) Calculate and record the sampling effectiveness of the candidate sampler as: Equation 11 where: i = replicate number. (B) If a single isokinetic sampler is used for the determination of particle mass concentration, replace C iso(i) iso (8) Replicate measurements and calculation of mean sampling effectiveness. (ii) Calculate and record the average sampling effectiveness of the test sampler for the particle size as: Equation 12 where: i = replicate number; and n = number of replicates. (iii) Sampling effectiveness precision. (A) Calculate and record the coefficient of variation for the replicate sampling effectiveness measurements of the test sampler as: Equation 13 where: i = replicate number, and n = number of replicates. (B) If the value of CV E (9) Repeat steps in paragraphs (d)(2) through (d)(8) of this section until the sampling effectiveness has been measured for all particle sizes specified in table F-2 of this subpart. (10) Repeat steps in paragraphs (d)(1) through (d)(9) of this section until tests have been successfully conducted for both wind speeds of 2 km/hr and 24 km/hr. (e) Calculations Graphical treatment of effectiveness data. ae (2) Cutpoint determination. 50 (3) Expected mass concentration calculation. (i) Determine the value of corrected effectiveness using the best-fit, multiplet-corrected curve at each of the particle sizes specified in the first column of table F-4 of this subpart. Record each corrected effectiveness value as a decimal between 0 and 1 in column 2 of table F-4 of this subpart. (ii) Calculate the interval estimated mass concentration measurement by multiplying the values of corrected effectiveness in column 2 by the interval mass concentration values in column 3 and enter the products in column 4 of table F-4 of this subpart. (iii) Calculate the estimated mass concentration measurement by summing the values in column 4 and entering the total as the estimated mass concentration measurement for the test sampler at the bottom of column 4 of table F-4 of this subpart. (iv) Calculate the estimated mass concentration ratio between the candidate method and the reference method as: Equation 14 where: C cand(est) 3 C ref(est) 3 (v) Repeat steps in paragraphs (e) (1) through (e)(3) of this section for tables F-5 and F-6 of this subpart. (f) Evaluation of test results. c § 53.63 Test procedure: Wind tunnel inlet aspiration test. (a) Overview. (b) Technical definition. (c) Facilities and equipment required. (d) Setup. 2.5 (e) Test procedure Establish the wind tunnel test atmosphere. (2) Measure the aerosol concentration with the reference sampler. (ii) Determine the quantity of material collected with the reference method sampler using a calibrated fluorometer. Calculate and record the mass concentration as: Equation 15 where: i = replicate number; M ref Q = reference method sampler volumetric flow rate; and t = sampling time. (iii) Remove the reference method sampler from the tunnel. (3) Measure the aerosol concentration with the candidate sampler. (ii) Determine the quantity of material collected with the candidate sampler using a calibrated fluorometer. Calculate and record the mass concentration as: Equation 16 where: i = replicate number; M cand Q = candidate sampler volumetric flow rate; and t = sampling time. (iii) Remove the candidate sampler from the wind tunnel. (4) Repeat steps in paragraphs (d) (2) and (d)(3) of this section. Alternately measure the tunnel concentration with the reference sampler and the candidate sampler until four reference sampler and three candidate sampler measurements of the wind tunnel concentration are obtained. (5) Calculations. Equation 17 where: i = replicate number. (ii) Calculate and record the mean aspiration ratio as: Equation 18 where: i = replicate number; and n = total number of measurements of aspiration ratio. (iii) Precision of the aspiration ratio. (A) Calculate and record the precision of the aspiration ratio measurements as the coefficient of variation as: Equation 19 where: i = replicate number; and n = total number of measurements of aspiration ratio. (B) If the value of CV A (f) Evaluation of test results. § 53.64 Test procedure: Static fractionator test. (a) Overview. (1) Wash-off method. (2) Static chamber method. (3) Divided flow method. (b) Technical definition. (c) Facilities and equipment required Aerosol generation. (2) Particle delivery system. (i) Wash-off test apparatus. (ii) Static chamber test apparatus. (iii) Divided flow test apparatus. (3) Particle concentration measurement Fluorometry. (ii) Number concentration measurement. (d) Setup Remove the inlet and downtube from the candidate fractionator. (2) Surface treatment of the fractionator. (e) Test procedure: Wash-off method Clean the candidate sampler. (i) Clean and dry the internal surfaces of the candidate sampler. (ii) Prepare the internal fractionator surfaces in strict accordance with the operating instructions specified in the sampler's operating manual referred to in section 7.4.18 of 40 CFR part 50, appendix L. (2) Generate aerosol. (3) Verify the quality of the test aerosol. (4) Determine effectiveness for the particle size being produced. (ii) Determine the quantity of material collected on the after filter of the candidate method using a calibrated fluorometer. Calculate and record the aerosol mass concentration for the sampler filter as: Equation 20 where: i = replicate number; M cand Q = candidate sampler volumetric flowrate; and t = sampling time. (iii) Wash all interior surfaces upstream of the filter and determine the quantity of material collected using a calibrated fluorometer. Calculate and record the fluorometric mass concentration of the sampler wash as: Equation 21 where: i = replicate number; M wash Q = candidate sampler volumetric flowrate; and t = sampling time. (iv) Calculate and record the sampling effectiveness of the test sampler for this particle size as: Equation 22 where: i = replicate number. (v) Repeat steps in paragraphs (e)(4) of this section, as appropriate, to obtain a minimum of three replicate measurements of sampling effectiveness. Note: The procedures for loading the candidate in § 53.65 must be repeated between repetitions if this test is being used to evaluate the fractionator after being loaded as specified in § 53.65. (vi) Calculate and record the average sampling effectiveness of the test sampler as: Equation 23 where: i = replicate number; and n = number of replicates. (vii)(A) Calculate and record the coefficient of variation for the replicate sampling effectiveness measurements of the test sampler as: Equation 24 where: i = replicate number; and n = total number of measurements. (B) If the value of CV E (5) Repeat steps in paragraphs (e) (1) through (e)(4) of this section for each particle size specified in table F-2 of this subpart. (f) Test procedure: Static chamber method Generate aerosol. (2) Verify the quality of the test aerosol. (3) Introduce particles into chamber. (4) Install and operate the candidate sampler's fractionator and its after-filter and at least four total filters. (ii) Simultaneously collect particles onto appropriate filters with the total filter samplers and the fractionator for a time period such that the relative error of the measured concentration is less than 5.0 percent. (5) Calculate the aerosol spatial uniformity in the chamber. Equation 25 where: i = replicate number; j = total filter sampler number; M total Q = total filter sampler volumetric flowrate; and t = sample time. (ii) Calculate and record the mean mass concentration as: Equation 26 where: n = total number of samplers; i = replicate number; and j = filter sampler number. (iii) (A) Calculate and record the coefficient of variation of the total mass concentration as: Equation 27 where: i = replicate number; j = total filter sampler number; and n = number of total filter samplers. (B) If the value of CV total (6) Determine the effectiveness of the candidate sampler. Equation 28 where: i = replicate number; M cand Q = candidate sampler volumetric flowrate; and t = sample time. (ii) Calculate and record the sampling effectiveness of the candidate sampler as: Equation 29 where: i = replicate number. (iii) Repeat step in paragraph (f)(4) through (f)(6) of this section, as appropriate, to obtain a minimum of three replicate measurements of sampling effectiveness. (iv) Calculate and record the average sampling effectiveness of the test sampler as: Equation 30 where: i= replicate number. (v)(A) Calculate and record the coefficient of variation for the replicate sampling effectiveness measurements of the test sampler as: Equation 31 where: i = replicate number; and n = number of measurements of effectiveness. (B) If the value of CV E (7) Repeat steps in paragraphs (f)(1) through (f)(6) of this section for each particle size specified in table F-2 of this subpart. (g) Test procedure: Divided flow method Generate calibration aerosol. (2) Verify the quality of the calibration aerosol. (3) Introduce aerosol. (4) Validate that transport is equal for the divided flow option. (A) Install a total filter on each leg of the divided flow apparatus. (B) Collect particles simultaneously through both legs at 16.7 L/min onto an appropriate filter for a time period such that the relative error of the measured concentration is less than 5.0 percent. (C) Determine the quantity of material collected on each filter using a calibrated fluorometer. Calculate and record the mass concentration measured in each leg as: Equation 32 where: i = replicate number, M = mass of material collected with the total filter; and Q = candidate sampler volumetric flowrate. (D) Repeat steps in paragraphs (g)(4)(i)(A) through (g)(4)(i)(C) of this section until a minimum of three replicate measurements are performed. (ii) With an aerosol number counting device as a detector: (A) Remove all flow obstructions from the flow paths of the two legs. (B) Quantify the aerosol concentration of the primary particles in each leg of the apparatus. (C) Repeat steps in paragraphs (g)(4)(ii)(A) through (g)(4)(ii)(B) of this section until a minimum of three replicate measurements are performed. (iii) (A) Calculate the mean concentration and coefficient of variation as: Equation 33 Equation 34 where: i = replicate number; and n = number of replicates. (B) If the measured mean concentrations through the two legs do not agree within 5 percent, then adjustments may be made in the setup, and this step must be repeated. (5) Determine effectiveness. (i) With fluorometry as a detector: (A) Prepare the divided flow apparatus for particle collection. Install a total filter into the bypass leg of the divided flow apparatus. Install the particle size fractionator with a total filter placed immediately downstream of it into the other leg. (B) Collect particles simultaneously through both legs at 16.7 L/min onto appropriate filters for a time period such that the relative error of the measured concentration is less than 5.0 percent. (C) Determine the quantity of material collected on each filter using a calibrated fluorometer. Calculate and record the mass concentration measured by the total filter and that measured after penetrating through the candidate fractionator as follows: Equation 35 Equation 36 where: i = replicate number. (ii) With a number counting device as a detector: (A) Install the particle size fractionator into one of the legs of the divided flow apparatus. (B) Quantify and record the aerosol number concentration of the primary particles passing through the fractionator as C cand(i) (C) Divert the flow from the leg containing the candidate fractionator to the bypass leg. Allow sufficient time for the aerosol concentration to stabilize. (D) Quantify and record the aerosol number concentration of the primary particles passing through the bypass leg as C total(i) (iii) Calculate and record sampling effectiveness of the candidate sampler as: Equation 37 where: i = replicate number. (6) Repeat step in paragraph (g)(5) of this section, as appropriate, to obtain a minimum of three replicate measurements of sampling effectiveness. (7) Calculate the mean and coefficient of variation for replicate measurements of effectiveness. Equation 38 where: i = replicate number. (ii)(A) Calculate and record the coefficient of variation for the replicate sampling effectiveness measurements of the candidate sampler as: Equation 39 where: i = replicate number; and n = number of replicates. (B) If the coefficient of variation is not less than 10 percent, then the test run must be repeated (steps in paragraphs (g)(1) through (g)(7) of this section). (8) Repeat steps in paragraphs (g)(1) through (g)(7) of this section for each particle size specified in table F-2 of this subpart. (h) Calculations Treatment of multiplets. (2) Cutpoint determination. 50 (3) Graphical analysis and numerical integration with ambient distributions. (i) Test evaluation. 50 [62 FR 38814, July 18, 1997; 63 FR 7714, Feb. 17, 1998] § 53.65 Test procedure: Loading test. (a) Overview. 3 3 (2) [Reserved] (b) Technical definition. (c) Facilities and equipment required Particle delivery system. (2) Aerosol generation equipment. (3) Isokinetic sampler. (4) Analytic balance. (d) Test procedure. 3 Equation 40 where: t = the number of hours specified by the candidate method prior to periodic cleaning. (2) Clean the candidate sampler. (i) Clean and dry the internal surfaces of the candidate sampler. (ii) Prepare the internal surfaces in strict accordance with the operating manual referred to in section 7.4.18 of 40 CFR part 50, appendix L. (3) Determine the preweight of the filter that shall be used in the isokinetic sampler. Record this value as InitWt. (4) Install the candidate sampler's inlet and the isokinetic sampler within the test chamber or wind tunnel. (5) Generate a dust cloud. (i) Generate a dust cloud composed of Arizona test dust. (ii) Introduce the dust cloud into the chamber. (iii) Allow sufficient time for the particle concentration to become steady within the chamber. (6) Sample aerosol with a total filter and the candidate sampler. (i) Sample the aerosol for a time sufficient to produce an equivalent TWC equal to that of the target TWC ±15 percent. (ii) Record the sampling time as t. (7) Determine the time weighted concentration. (i) Determine the postweight of the isokinetic sampler's total filter. (ii) Record this value as FinalWt. (iii) Calculate and record the TWC as: Equation 41 where: Q = the flow rate of the candidate method. (iv) If the value of TWC deviates from the target TWC ±15 percent, then the loaded mass is unacceptable and the entire test procedure must be repeated. (8) Determine the candidate sampler's effectiveness after loading. The candidate sampler's effectiveness as a function of particle aerodynamic diameter must then be evaluated by performing the test in § 53.62 (full wind tunnel test). A sampler which fits the category of inlet deviation in § 53.60(e)(1) may opt to perform the test in § 53.63 (inlet aspiration test) in lieu of the full wind tunnel test. A sampler which fits the category of fractionator deviation in § 53.60(e)(2) may opt to perform the test in § 53.64 (static fractionator test) in lieu of the full wind tunnel test. (e) Test results. § 53.66 Test procedure: Volatility test. (a) Overview. (b) Technical definitions. (2) Corrected residual mass (CRM) is defined as the residual mass of the filter from the candidate sampler multiplied by the ratio of the reference method flow rate to the candidate method flow rate. (c) Facilities and equipment required Environmental chamber. (2) Aerosol generator. 3 8 (3) Aerosol monitoring equipment. (4) Internal chamber. 3 3 (5) Aerosol sampling manifold. (6) Chamber air temperature recorders. (7) Chamber air relative humidity recorders. (8) Clean air generation system. (9) Balance. (d) Additional filter handling conditions Filter handling. (2) Dynamic conditioning of filters. (3) Static charge. (e) Test procedure Phase A - Preliminary steps. (ii) Introduce the aerosol into the transport system. (iii) Monitor the aerosol size and concentration until stability and level have been achieved. (iv) Condition the candidate method sampler and reference method sampler filters until total dynamic conditioning is achieved as specified in paragraph (d)(2) of this section. (v) Record the dynamically conditioned weight as InitWt c r (2) Phase B - Aerosol loading. (ii) Attach the samplers to the manifold. (iii) Operate the candidate and the reference samplers such that they simultaneously sample the test aerosol for 2 hours for a candidate sampler operating at 16.7 L/min or higher, or proportionately longer for a candidate sampler operating at a lower flow rate. (3) Phase C - Blow-off. (ii) Sample clean air for one of the required blow-off time durations (1, 2, 3, and 4 hours). (iii) Remove the filters from the samplers. (iv) Weigh the filters immediately and record this weight, FinalWt c r (v) Calculate the residual mass for the reference method sampler: Equation 41a where: i = repetition number; and j = blow-off time period. (vi) Calculate the corrected residual mass for the candidate method sampler as: Equation 41b where: i = repetition number; j = blow-off time period; Q c Q r (4) Repeat steps in paragraph (e)(1) through (e)(3) of this section until three repetitions have been completed for each of the required blow-off time durations (1, 2, 3, and 4 hours). (f) Calculations and analysis. (2) Determine the following regression parameters: slope, intercept, and correlation coefficient (r). (g) Test results. [62 FR 38814, July 18, 1997, as amended at 71 FR 61295, Oct. 17, 2006] Table F-1 to Subpart F of Part 53—Performance Specifications for PM 2.5 Performance test Specifications Acceptance criteria § 53.62 Full Wind Tunnel Evaluation Solid VOAG produced aerosol at 2 km/hr and 24 km/hr Dp 50 c § 53.63 Wind Tunnel Inlet Aspiration Test Liquid VOAG produced aerosol at 2 km/hr and 24 km/hr Relative Aspiration: 95% ≤A ≤105%. § 53.64 Static Fractionator Test Evaluation of the fractionator under static conditions Dp 50 c § 53.65 Loading Test Loading of the clean candidate under laboratory conditions Acceptance criteria as specified in the post-loading evaluation test (§ 53.62, § 53.63, or § 53.64). § 53.66 Volatility Test Polydisperse liquid aerosol produced by air nebulization of A.C.S. reagent grade glycerol, 99.5% minimum purity Regression Parameters Slope = 1 ±0.1, Intercept = 0 ±0.15 mg, r ≥0.97. [72 FR 32209, June 12, 2007] Table F-2 to Subpart F of Part 53—Particle Sizes and Wind Speeds for Full Wind Tunnel Test, Wind Tunnel Inlet Aspiration Test, and Static Chamber Test Primary Partical Mean Size a Full Wind Tunnel Test Inlet Aspiration Test Static Fractionator Test Volatility Test 2 km/hr 24 km/hr 2 km/hr 24 km/hr 1.5±0.25 S S S 2.0±0.25 S S S 2.2±0.25 S S S 2.5±0.25 S S S 2.8±0.25 S S S 3.0±0.25 L L 3.5±0.25 S S S 4.0±0.5 S S S Polydisperse Glycerol Aerosol L a S = Solid particles. L = Liquid particles. Table F-3 to Subpart F of Part 53—Critical Parameters of Idealized Ambient Particle Size Distributions Idealized Distribution Fine Particle Mode Coarse Particle Mode PM 2.5 10 FRM Sampler Expected Mass Conc. (µg/m 3 MMD (µm) Geo. Std. Dev. Conc. (µg/m 3 MMD (µm) Geo. Std. Dev. Conc. (µg/m 3 Coarse 0.50 2 12.0 10 2 88.0 0.27 13.814 “Typical” 0.50 2 33.3 10 2 66.7 0.55 34.284 Fine 0.85 2 85.0 15 2 15.0 0.94 78.539 Table F-4 to Subpart F of Part 53—Estimated Mass Concentration Measurement of PM 2.5 Particle Aerodynamic Diameter (µm) Test Sampler Ideal Sampler Fractional Sampling Effectiveness Interval Mass Concentration (µg/m 3 Estimated Mass Concentration Measurement (µg/m 3 Fractional Sampling Effectiveness Interval Mass Concentration (µg/m 3 Estimated Mass Concentration Measurement (µg/m 3 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) <0.500 1.000 6.001 1.000 6.001 6.001 0.625 2.129 0.999 2.129 2.127 0.750 0.982 0.998 0.982 0.980 0.875 0.730 0.997 0.730 0.728 1.000 0.551 0.995 0.551 0.548 1.125 0.428 0.991 0.428 0.424 1.250 0.346 0.987 0.346 0.342 1.375 0.294 0.980 0.294 0.288 1.500 0.264 0.969 0.264 0.256 1.675 0.251 0.954 0.251 0.239 1.750 0.250 0.932 0.250 0.233 1.875 0.258 0.899 0.258 0.232 2.000 0.272 0.854 0.272 0.232 2.125 0.292 0.791 0.292 0.231 2.250 0.314 0.707 0.314 0.222 2.375 0.339 0.602 0.339 0.204 2.500 0.366 0.480 0.366 0.176 2.625 0.394 0.351 0.394 0.138 2.750 0.422 0.230 0.422 0.097 2.875 0.449 0.133 0.449 0.060 3.000 0.477 0.067 0.477 0.032 3.125 0.504 0.030 0.504 0.015 3.250 0.530 0.012 0.530 0.006 3.375 0.555 0.004 0.555 0.002 3.500 0.579 0.001 0.579 0.001 3.625 0.602 0.000000 0.602 0.000000 3.750 0.624 0.000000 0.624 0.000000 3.875 0.644 0.000000 0.644 0.000000 4.000 0.663 0.000000 0.663 0.000000 4.125 0.681 0.000000 0.681 0.000000 4.250 0.697 0.000000 0.697 0.000000 4.375 0.712 0.000000 0.712 0.000000 4.500 0.726 0.000000 0.726 0.000000 4.625 0.738 0.000000 0.738 0.000000 4.750 0.750 0.000000 0.750 0.000000 4.875 0.760 0.000000 0.760 0.000000 5.000 0.769 0.000000 0.769 0.000000 5.125 0.777 0.000000 0.777 0.000000 5.250 0.783 0.000000 0.783 0.000000 5.375 0.789 0.000000 0.789 0.000000 5.500 0.794 0.000000 0.794 0.000000 5.625 0.798 0.000000 0.798 0.000000 5.75 0.801 0.000000 0.801 0.000000 C sam(exp) C ideal(exp) 13.814 Table F-5 to Subpart F of Part 53—Estimated Mass Concentration Measurement of PM 2.5 Particle Aerodynamic Diameter (µm) Test Sampler Ideal Sampler Fractional Sampling Effectiveness Interval Mass Concentration (µg/m 3 Estimated Mass Concentration Measurement (µg/m 3 Fractional Sampling Effectiveness Interval Mass Concentration (µg/m 3 Estimated Mass Concentration Measurement (µg/m 3 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) <0.500 1.000 16.651 1.000 16.651 16.651 0.625 5.899 0.999 5.899 5.893 0.750 2.708 0.998 2.708 2.703 0.875 1.996 0.997 1.996 1.990 1.000 1.478 0.995 1.478 1.471 1.125 1.108 0.991 1.108 1.098 1.250 0.846 0.987 0.846 0.835 1.375 0.661 0.980 0.661 0.648 1.500 0.532 0.969 0.532 0.516 1.675 0.444 0.954 0.444 0.424 1.750 0.384 0.932 0.384 0.358 1.875 0.347 0.899 0.347 0.312 2.000 0.325 0.854 0.325 0.277 2.125 0.314 0.791 0.314 0.248 2.250 0.312 0.707 0.312 0.221 2.375 0.316 0.602 0.316 0.190 2.500 0.325 0.480 0.325 0.156 2.625 0.336 0.351 0.336 0.118 2.750 0.350 0.230 0.350 0.081 2.875 0.366 0.133 0.366 0.049 3.000 0.382 0.067 0.382 0.026 3.125 0.399 0.030 0.399 0.012 3.250 0.416 0.012 0.416 0.005 3.375 0.432 0.004 0.432 0.002 3.500 0.449 0.001 0.449 0.000000 3.625 0.464 0.000000 0.464 0.000000 3.750 0.480 0.000000 0.480 0.000000 3.875 0.494 0.000000 0.494 0.000000 4.000 0.507 0.000000 0.507 0.000000 4.125 0.520 0.000000 0.520 0.000000 4.250 0.000000 0.532 0.000000 4.375 0.000000 0.543 0.000000 4.500 0.000000 0.553 0.000000 4.625 0.000000 0.562 0.000000 4.750 0.000000 0.570 0.000000 4.875 0.000000 0.577 0.000000 5.000 0.000000 0.584 0.000000 5.125 0.000000 0.590 0.000000 5.250 0.000000 0.595 0.000000 5.375 0.000000 0.599 0.000000 5.500 0.000000 0.603 0.000000 5.625 0.000000 0.605 0.000000 5.75 0.000000 0.608 0.000000 C sam(exp) C ideal(exp) 34.284 Table F-6 to Subpart F of Part 53—Estimated Mass Concentration Measurement of PM 2.5 Particle Aerodynamic Diameter (µm) Test Sampler Ideal Sampler Fractional Sampling Effectiveness Interval Mass Concentration (µg/m 3 Estimated Mass Concentration Measurement (µg/m 3 Fractional Sampling Effectiveness Interval Mass Concentration (µg/m 3 Estimated Mass Concentration Measurement (µg/m 3 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) <0.500 1.000 18.868 1.000 18.868 18.868 0.625 13.412 0.999 13.412 13.399 0.750 8.014 0.998 8.014 7.998 0.875 6.984 0.997 6.984 6.963 1.000 5.954 0.995 5.954 5.924 1.125 5.015 0.991 5.015 4.970 1.250 4.197 0.987 4.197 4.142 1.375 3.503 0.980 3.503 3.433 1.500 2.921 0.969 2.921 2.830 1.675 2.438 0.954 2.438 2.326 1.750 2.039 0.932 2.039 1.900 1.875 1.709 0.899 1.709 1.536 2.000 1.437 0.854 1.437 1.227 2.125 1.212 0.791 1.212 0.959 2.250 1.026 0.707 1.026 0.725 2.375 0.873 0.602 0.873 0.526 2.500 0.745 0.480 0.745 0.358 2.625 0.638 0.351 0.638 0.224 2.750 0.550 0.230 0.550 0.127 2.875 0.476 0.133 0.476 0.063 3.000 0.414 0.067 0.414 0.028 3.125 0.362 0.030 0.362 0.011 3.250 0.319 0.012 0.319 0.004 3.375 0.282 0.004 0.282 0.001 3.500 0.252 0.001 0.252 0.000000 3.625 0.226 0.000000 0.226 0.000000 3.750 0.204 0.000000 0.204 0.000000 3.875 0.185 0.000000 0.185 0.000000 4.000 0.170 0.000000 0.170 0.000000 4.125 0.157 0.000000 0.157 0.000000 4.250 0.146 0.000000 0.146 0.000000 4.375 0.136 0.000000 0.136 0.000000 4.500 0.129 0.000000 0.129 0.000000 4.625 0.122 0.000000 0.122 0.000000 4.750 0.117 0.000000 0.117 0.000000 4.875 0.112 0.000000 0.112 0.000000 5.000 0.108 0.000000 0.108 0.000000 5.125 0.105 0.000000 0.105 0.000000 5.250 0.102 0.000000 0.102 0.000000 5.375 0.100 0.000000 0.100 0.000000 5.500 0.098 0.000000 0.098 0.000000 5.625 0.097 0.000000 0.097 0.000000 5.75 0.096 0.000000 0.096 0.000000 C sam(exp) C ideal(exp) 78.539 Figure F-1 to Subpart F of Part 53—Designation Testing Checklist DESIGNATION TESTING CHECKLIST FOR CLASS II __________ __________ __________ Auditee Auditor signature Date Compliance Status: Y = Yes N = No NA = Not applicable/Not available Verification Comments (Includes documentation of who, what, where, when, why) (Doc. #, Rev. #, Rev. Date) Verification Verified by Direct Observation of Process or of Documented Evidence: Performance, Design or Application Spec. Corresponding to Sections of 40 CFR Part 53, Subparts E and F Y N NA Subpart E: Performance Specification Tests Evaluation completed according to Subpart E § 53.50 to § 53.56 Subpart E: Class I Sequential Tests Class II samplers that are also Class I (sequentialized) have passed the tests in § 53.57 Subpart F: Performance Spec/Test Evaluation of Physical Characteristics of Clean Sampler - One of these tests must be performed: Evaluation of Physical Characteristics of Loaded Sampler Evaluation of the Volatile Characteristics of the Class II Sampler § 53.66 Appendix A to Subpart F of Part 53—References (1) Marple, V.A., K.L. Rubow, W. Turner, and J.D. Spangler, Low Flow Rate Sharp Cut Impactors for Indoor Air Sampling: Design and Calibration., JAPCA, 37: 1303-1307 (1987). (2) Vanderpool, R.W. and K.L. Rubow, Generation of Large, Solid Calibration Aerosols, J. of Aer. Sci. and Tech., 9:65-69 (1988). (3) Society of Automotive Engineers Aerospace Material Specification (SAE AMS) 2404C, Electroless Nickel Planting, SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale PA-15096, Revised 7-1-84, pp. 1-6.

Related documents

• 50 CFR Part 600 — Magnuson-Stevens Act Provisions#512148
• 50 CFR Part 622 — Fisheries of the Caribbean, Gulf of America, and South Atlantic#512149
• 50 CFR Part 635 — Atlantic Highly Migratory Species#512150
• 50 CFR Part 648 — Fisheries of the Northeastern United States#512151
• 50 CFR Part 660 — Fisheries off West Coast States#512152