The Conquest of the River Plate (1535-1555)

INDEX, P. Pabesse. See Pavés Pabon, Johan, 8 Pacheco, a mulatto, 190 Padades. See Potatoes Paeime, or Paine, Heinrich, xxv , 2 , 3 Palm tree, 48 ; young shoots of, 216 Palm nuts, flour made of, 216 Palma (Palman), 2 , 3 , 4 . See also La Palma Palometa (Palmede), teeth of, used by Indians for beheading prisoners, 54 , 147 Paniagua, Francisco Gonzales, 269 , 270 Parabor, or Parabog. See Paraguai Parabor , parabog , or paraog , a Guaraní word, 20 , ethnological note Paraguai, conquest of, xvii , xviii ; conquerors of, xxx ; language spoken in, xxxiii —— river, xiv , xix , xxvi ; expedition up, 14 ; 18 , 19 , 20 , 23 , 26 , 28 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41 , 44 , 51 ; affluents of, 60 ; 62 , 102 , 103 ; province of, 111 , 118 ; 125 , 131 , 132 , 135 , 137 , 149 , 153 , 163 , 167 , 181 , 182 , 189 , 190 ; loses itself, 195 ; 202 , 203 , 212 , 263 Paraiso, Isla del, 41 , 43 Paraná, xxxvi , province of, 36 , 108 , 111 ; river, xiv , xxvi ; width of, 6 , 7 , 10 , 12 , 15 , 16 , 18 , 28 , 33 ; originally called Rio de Solis, ib. note ; 35 , 81 , 103 , 108 ; also called Rio de la Plata, 120 ; width of, 121 ; 122 , 126 , 127 , 128 , 164 , 165 Parana Wassu, or Guazú. See Parana river Paraná-pané river, now called Paraná-panema, 111 Paranon. See Parana Parchkadienes. See Brigantines Paredes, Francisco de, 259 , 260 Parnawuie, a Spaniard, 76 Parroni, 67 Parrots, 66 ; kept by natives, 127 ; feathers used for ornament, 141 Pat, or podell, a boat, 3 , 6 , 12 Patos, port of Los, xxvi Paves (Pabesse), 56 Pavon, Juan, 29 , 241 Payaguas (Peijembas or Peyssennas), an Indian tribe, 23 ; food of, 24 , 25 , 26 ; slay Ayolas and his Spaniards, 27 , 28 , 103 , 182 ; parley with, 186 ; chief of, 187 ; flight of, 188 , 193 Paysunóes, Indian tribe, 203 , 230 , 232 Pea-nuts. See Mandubis Peihoni, 66 , 67 Peijembas. See Payaguás Peijssenas, probably the same as the Payaguás, 26 , 66 , 69 seq. Peischo Spaide. See Swordfish Pequiry R., tributary of Paraná, 118 , 119 , 126 Peralta, Francisco de, 241 Perobazanes, 265 Peru, xvi , xxvii ; mountains of, 19 ; 74 , 75 , 76 ; sierras of, 265 Pesche-spate, or Peje-espada. See Swordfish Pesche de ferre, or Peces-sierras, 5 , 87 Phillip II, King of Spain, xxix Pilot, punishment of, 34 Pine-trees, great size of, 112 ; fruit of, ib. ; 117 Pinzon, Vicente Yañez, 84 Pique. See Nigua Piraputanas , native name for shad, 229 Piratininga. See San Paulo Piseron. See Pizarro Pitfalls made by Indians, 21 Pizarro, El Marqués Don Francisco, 75 ; historical note, ib. ——, Gonzalo, his rebellion, 74 , 75 ; his beheadal, ib. Plate, river. See Rio de la Plata Polyphemus, fable of, xxxviii Portugal, king of, xiv , 5 , 81 , 85 , 88 ; his vassals killed by natives, 104 , 120 , 262 Portuguese, 4 , 5 , 120 Portuguese territory, how delimited, xxi , 81 Potatoes, (Padades), 14 , 25 , 40 , 41 , 63 ; three kinds of, 114 Potosi (called by Schmidt, Poduesis), 76 Priesiell. See Brazil Protestants, French, try to set foot in Brazil, xxix Pupebaie, an Indian chief, 110 Purchas, his Pilgrims , xxiii Q. Quintana referred to, xxv Quirandis, a tribe of Indians, 7 , 8 ; fight with, 8 , 9 , 11 , 15 R. Ramallo, Juan (called by Schmidt, Reinmelle), 84 , 85 ; historical note, ib. ; his sons, ib. ; his family the founders of the city of San Paulo, ib. Rasquin, Jaime, 240 Ray, wound inflicted by, 200 ; its tail used for tattooing, 207 Real Consejo de las Indias , 262 Ribera, Francisco de, 41 ; sent to Tapua, 221 ; returns, 228 ; his report, 229 seq. , 230 , 232 , 233 ——, Hernando de, 41 , 42 , 46 , 49 ; sent to explore, 225 ; returns from his exploration, 236 ; narrative of, 263-270 Rio Caliente, 216 Riogenea. See Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, xxviii ; meaning of the name, 5 , 6 ; by whom discovered, 5 ; 86 , 99 Rio de la Plata, conquest of, xiii ; discovery of, xiv ; xv , xvii , xviii , xxvi , xxx , xxxv , 1 , 2 , 6 , 13 , 19 , 20 ; government of, 32 ; 35 , 42 , 76 ; province of, xx ; how divided, 81 ; 95 , 100 , 106 , 120 Riodellaplata. See Rio de la Plata Rio del Oro , 193 Rodela , 56 Romero, Johann (or Juan), 12 , 159 ; left in command at Los Reyes, 215 ; his report, 222 Rosario, xiv Rossel, or Rosel, Peter, xxiv , xxix , 86 ; mentioned by Hans Staden, ib. ; receives Schmidt kindly, ib. Ruiz, Francisco, 243 Rutia, Miguel de, an officer sent by Irala to Peru, 75 S. Sabalos , or shad, 229 Salazar, Captain Juan de, 6 , 39 , 146 ; left as lieutenant of the governor, 177 ; desired to complete the caravel, 178 ; 238 , 256 , 257 —— Juan de, a monk, 159 , 259 , 260 Salinas del Jaurú, 65 , 72 , 74 Salinas, Sancho de, 244 Salleisser. See Salazar Salt region, 72 Salvaischo, Lazarum, 6 , historical note Samacosis, or Surukusis, 37 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 51 ; their town burnt, 51 San Antonio, cape, 6 , 33 Sancte Augo. See Santiago San Fernando, Point, 33 San Francisco, colony of, xix ; river, island, and bay of, 99 , 105 San Juan, river, 165 San Lucar de Barrameda, xviii , 2 , 88 San Paulo (or Pablo) in Brazil, 85 ; province of, xxiv , 99 San Thomé, island of, 50 San Vicente (or Santos), xv , xix , xxi , xxiv , xxviii ; capitania of, 36 ; first Portuguese colony in Brazil, 84 , 85 , 86 Sancti Spiritus, xiv Sanabria, Don Diego de, takes command on death of his father, xviii ; his armada dispersed, ib. ; his unfortunate enterprize, xix —— Don Juan de, appointed third adelantado of Rio de la Plata, xviii Santa Catalina (or St. Catherine), island, xix , xx , xxii , xxvi , 32 ; a possession of Spain, ib. , 33 , 35 ; given to Cabeza de Vaca, 36 ; 99 , 100 , 101 , 104 , 105 , 107 ; province of, 108 ; 124 , 127 , 164 Santa Lucia, hills, 191 Santa Maria, cape, 6 , 33 ; distance from it to San Gabriel, Island, 34 —— Puerto de. See Buenos Ayres Santa Martha, sierras of, 265 , 267 Santiago , battle-cry of Spaniards, 146 Santiago or St. Iago Island, one of the Cape Verd Islands, 4 , 5 , 50 Schaubhut , a fish, 5 Schelebethueba, 84 Scherues. See Xarayos Schetz or Schetzen, Heinrich, 88 Schetzen, Erasmus, xxiv , xxviii , xxix , 81 , 85 , 86 Schmidt, Ulrich, his lineage unknown, xiii seq. ; agent of Flemish merchants, xv ; his name, ib. ; first edition of his book, xvi ; period embraced by his voyage, xvii , xx ; links his fortune with Irala, xxvii ; not noticed by the chroniclers, ib. , xxviii ; does not mention Hans Stade, xxix ; errors committed by, xxxiv ; Azara’s opinion of, xxxv ; leaves Antwerp, 1 ; arrives at Cadiz, ib. ; at San Lucar, 2 ; at island of La Palma, ib. ; erroneous distances given by, 4 ; historical notes, ib. , 5 ; arrives at Rio de la Plata, 6 ; helps to found Buenos Ayres, 7 seq. ; fights against Quirandis, ib. ; ascends the Paraná, 12 ; the Paraguai, 18 ; fights against Agazes, 19 ; and Carios, 21 ; at Asuncion, 23 ; takes part in expedition of Ayolas, 24 seq. ; returns with Irala, 26 ; descends the Paraguai and Parana, 28 ; at Corpus Christi, 30 ; at Buenos Ayres, 32 ; sails for Santa Catalina, ib. ; is shipwrecked, 34 ; walks to San Gabriel, ib. ; ascends the Parana, 35 ; remains at Asuncion, ib. ; records arrival of Cabeza de Vaca, 36 ; takes part in Irala’s expeditions, 37 seq. ; his remarks on the Xarayos, 44 ; on the Amazons, 45 seq. ; marches through flooded land, 46 seq. ; his booty, 49 ; his observations on climate, 50 ; astronomical errors of, 50 seq. ; his remarks on Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca, 51 seq. ; his illness, 53 ; an accomplice in conspiracy against Alvar Nuñez, ib. ; his remarks on native warfare, 54 seq. ; takes part in military operations, 57 seq. ; is disabled and rides on a sheep, 63 ; captives and booty taken by, 65 ; queer names given by, ib. ; is selected for important duty, 69 ; gains favour among the men, ib. ; takes part in expedition to Peru, 71 seq. ; his opinion of Pizarro, 74 ; his remarks on Peru, 75 ; on the fertility of the country, 77 ; his share of slaves, 78 ; receives letter from Seville, 80 ; applies for leave of absence, ib. ; letters and report delivered by, ib. ; sets out on homeward journey, 81 ; curious names of places mentioned by, ib. ; comes to the Tapis, 82 ; his account of that people, ib. ; two of his companions killed, ib. ; is attacked and defends himself, 83 ; forests described by, 83 ; fatigues endured by, 84 ; arrives at San Vicente, 85 ; is received by Peter Rossel, ib. ; sails from San Vicente, ib. ; puts into Espiritu Santo, 88 ; arrives at Lisbon, ib. ; posts to Seville, ib. ; arrives at San Lucar, ib. ; at Cadiz, ib. ; narrowly escapes shipwreck, 90 ; at Cadiz, ib. ; sails for Holland, 91 ; arrives at Isle of Wight, ib. ; at Antwerp, ib. Schmidt, editions of his Voyage, xxii . See also Bibliography Schue Eiiba Thuescha, 84 Segura, Pedro, 80 Segurola, Don Saturnino, his collection of MSS., xxiii Seville, xiv , xv , xxiv , xxvi , xxviii , 2 , 78 , 80 , 88 , 241 Sheep, Indian, 15 , 19 , 25 , 45 , 56 , 63 , 68 , 118 Siberis, 47 , 48 , 50 , 68 seq. Sibylla. See Seville Sierra do Mar, 108 Sierra , meaning of the word, 116 Silver, pieces of, xiv ; crowns, 64 . See also “ Gold and silver ” Skins of tiger, tapir, deer, etc., 155 Smith, Buckingham, translation of Cabeza de Vaca’s Naufragios , referred to, xvii Snake, monstrous, 16 Sococies, 191 , 197 , 202 , 224 Socorinos, 224 , 234 Solis, Juan Diaz de, xiv , 84 Solorzano, 240 Sosa, Hernando de, 247 Sousa, Martin Affonzo de, sent to Brazil, xiv ; factory established by, xxiv ; colony founded by, 85 ; his captaincy and discovery, 120 ——, Thomé de, xix Spain, xxx ; propaganda against, power of, xxxi ; conquests of, how based, xxi Spaniards discover Rio Janeiro, 5 ; suffer from famine, 9 seq. ; execution of three, 10 ; ill-treated by their officers, 101 , 103 ; perilous position of, 126 seq. ; their wars with natives, 131 seq. ; drowned in crossing river, 139 ; land and establishments of, 151 ; critical situation of, 165 ; escape the fire at Asuncion, 166 ; their destitute condition, 167 ; wounded by poisonous arrows, 173 ; health of, 184 ; wild fruit eaten by, 189 ; suffer from fever, 233 ; discontent of, 238 Spanish government, colonial policy of, xxx ; enemies of, xxxii Spanish Jesuit missionaries, xxxiii Spanish words Germanised, 24 , 56 Stade, Hans, his narrative, xviii seq. ; he is contemporary with Schmidt, ib. ; by whom written, xxx ; not mentioned by Schmidt, xxix ; mistakes made by, 85 , 86 St. Andrew’s Day, 91 St. Anthony’s Day, 85 St. Bartholomew’s Day, 2 St. Domingo, island of, 261 St. Fernando, mountain of, 24 , 40 , 62 ; position of, ib. , 63 , 65 St. Gabriel, island of, 6 , 7 ; distance from, to Cape Santa Maria, 34 , 260 St. Hieronymus’s Day, 88 St. Iago, island of, 97 ; climate of, ib. ; gold plentiful in, ib. See Santiago St. James’s Day, 80 St. Jerome, cannibalism attributed to the Scotch in the time of, xxxviii St. John’s Day, 12 , 86 St. John’s bread, 18 , 24 St. Mark , name of brigantine, 197 Sthuesia river, possibly the Xejuy, or Ipané, 60 Stockades, 57 Suelapa, erroneous rendering of an Indian name, 30 Sugar factories in Brazil, 86 Sumere , or straw-fish, 87 Sun, house of the, 266 Surukufers. See Samacosis Surukusis. See Samacosis Swamps, difficult marching in, 208 Sword-fish, 5 , 87 Symanni, 66 , 67 T. Tabaré, (Dabere or Thabere), brother of Aracaré, 38 seq. ; 58 , 59 ; submission of, 61 Tabellino, Diego, 37 Tabor, Indian chief, 132 Tamacoxas, also called Samacosis and Machkasis, 73 , 76 , 77 Tapapirazú, an Indian chief, 109 Tapis (Tapii), Toppis, or Tupys, the tribes inhabiting the south of Brazil, xix , xxviii , 5 , 81 seq. ethnological note; their habits, 82 ; their language, ib. ; hostility of, 83 , 216 , 229 Tapuá, an Indian village, 137 , 138 , 178 , 179 Tapuaguazú, 218 , 219 , 228 , 230 Taquari river, tributary of Parana-pané, 111 Tarapecosies, a tribe, 231 , 232 Tardes. See Darts Targets, made of skins, 56 seq. Teasel ( cardas ), used instead of hemp and thread, 155 ; nets made of, 194 Teneriffe island, 2 Terceira, one of the Azores, 88 Teste de Terzero. See Terceira Thiembus. See Timbus Thistles used for food, 7 , 48 , 164 Thohanna, 66 , 67 Thraso, the soldier in Terence’s play of “The Eunuch”, 52 Three Kings’ Day, 91 , 167 Tibagi river, affluent of Parana-panemá, 108 Tiger, man killed by, 126 ; panic caused by, 143 seq. ; skins of, 155 Timbus (Tyembus or Thiembus), an Indian tribe, described, 12 seq. ; 14 , 15 ; island inhabited by, 22 ; chief of, killed by Spaniards, 29 ; treachery of, 30 seq. , 32 Tocanguasú, an Indian chief, 107 ; 108 Tocangusir, an Indian chief, 111 Tomina, 19 Tonina (tunny-fish), 87 Topyis. See Tapis Tordesillas, treaty of, xiv , xxi Traveller’s tree, the ( Urania speciosa ), 68 Truxillo, 244 Tucuman, 19 Tuguy, the place, 112 , 113 Tupi, Tupis, Tupin, Tape. See Tapis Turkish corn or maize, 33 , 37 , 40 , 63 , 66

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