The Gate of Remembrance The Story of the Psychological Experiment which Resulted in the Discovery of the Edgar Chapel at Glastonbury

INDEX AND SYNOPSIS A Abbey Church, plans, Figs. 1 , 3 , 12 , 15 its total length, 12 , 62 , 65 , 68 , 69 Abbots (see Bere, Breynton, Whiting, etc.) House, 10 ref. and Fig. 9 head (carved), 99 (Fig. 8 ) Aisle to north transept (a cloister-alley), 125 , 126 Ale, Johannes and the vat of, 89 Aller, John de, 66 Almoner, J. Bryan (lived over the King's Gate), 95 Altar, the High, 45 , 56 screen, etc., 51 , 56 , 58 , 77 ; its back, with ancient image of B. V. M., 57 sepulchre under, 65 Altars, side, 43 Ambrosius the Cellarer, 66 Andrew, St., Chapel of, 51 Guild of, 100 arches (under tower), 122 , 167 , and Plate III . Apse, semicircular, on Phelps' and Warner's plans, 11 , 51 , 52 , 74 polygonal, 57 , 61 , 73 , 74 ; Figs. 5 , 6 , 7 , and 12 ; also Plate II . Arch to Edgar Chapel (antechapel), 43 to end of Quire, 59 relieving, to the north-west angle of central tower, 121 Arches, like St. Andrew's Cross, under tower, 122 , 167 ; Plate III . Architect of Edgar Chapel (Richard de Tantonia), 67 of Loretto Chapel (Francesco Vecchi), 144 , 145 , 154 of St. Mark's, Padua (Domenico di Vallera Castiglione), 146 Arimathea, Joseph of, 33 ref. Convent of (near Guest Hall), 68 Arthur, King: tomb of, 45 , 56 , 65 Automatism, discussion of, 22 Awfwold the Saxon, 63 , 68 Azure glass (vitrea azurea): in script, 37 , 72 discovered, 62 , 72 B Bailey, the Inner and Outer, 91 ref. Bank, on site of the Loretto Chapel, north side of nave, 113 , 144 , 146 , 160 , 161 , 162 Bards, writings, 87 Barrel vault, in south chantry, 57 Bell-tower, over north-east angle of cloister, burnt, repaired, and pulled down owing to bad foundation, 88 Benedict (for Benignus), St.: Church of, 98 , 100 ; gargoyle of, 99 (Fig. 8 ) Bere or Beere, Abbot Richard, 4 , 35 , 44 , 45 , 47 , 54 , 59 , etc. arms of, 98 ; carved head of, 99 (Fig. 8 ) embassy, 111 ; notes on, 120 built St. Benignus' Church, 100 Edgar Chapel, 53 Loretto Chapel, 111 , 120 , 125 , 126 , 145 , 146 claustrum in angle of transept, leading to Loretto, 119 , 121 his signature in script, 53 his influence on those coming after, 47 -48 Body of Christ (in symbolic lines on floor of St. Mary's), 147 Bones, the stirring of the dry, 21 of Abbot Whiting (collected and buried), 65 of St. Dunstan (held by Glastonbury), 91 Braineton, or Breynton, John of, Abbot, 48 geomancer to the Abbey, 147 Bryan, John, Almoner, 95 Bryant, Johannes, monk, curator of Edgar Chapel, sculptor, mason, 37 , 38 , 40 , 41 , 45 , 47 , 57 , 59 , 66 child of Nature, 85 -97 passim C Camel, or Camillus, Thesiger— i.e. , treasurer to Abbot Bere, 125 , 127 , 149 , 151 , 166 house of, 164 path used by, 154 tomb in St. John's, 127 Cancellarius (see Chancellor) Cannon, MS. of John, 113 , 114 , 117 (Fig. 11 ), 124 Cannon, sketch of ruins by, 117 Canterbury, pilgrims from, to shrine of St. Dunstan, 91 Capella St. Edgar (see Chapel) St. Maria (see Chapel) Cardinal Wolsey: friend of the Abbey, 91 made Whiting Abbot at Oxford, 101 Castiglione, Domenico, 146 Cava Virginis (the apse of the Loretto Chapel), 129 , c , e , g ; 130 , h , j , k ; 139 , d ; text, 143 Cellarer: Ambrosius, 66 Cellars of Refectory, 66 of Guest Hall, 67 Chalice Hill, 69 chapel on path to, 69 Chamber, the Great, 94 over King's Gate, 95 to the east of Edgar Chapel, 63 Chancellorium, in (as a Chancery: the purpose of Christ Church Hall, as built by Wolsey), 101 Changing-room for the choristers, 68 Chantry (south of Quire), 51 south side of Edgar Chapel, 27 ref. 57 (script), 63 ; plan, 64 (Fig. 6 ) Chapel of Dunstan, St.: in the west (built by Edgar, and rebuilt by Radulphus), 91 plans, Figs. 12 and 15 in the north (the corner chapel in Fig. 14 ), 68 Chapel of Edgar, 35 , 43 , 44 , 47 , 51 , 53 , 55 , 63 , 70 -77 (table), 119 , 120 plans of, 34 , 36 , 64 (Fig. 6 ), 148 a (Fig. 12 ), 153 (Fig. 15 ); Plate II . (p. 56 a ) elevation of, 81 length determined, 63 Chapel of Our Lady of Loretto (site lost): built by Bere, 111; described in script as being in Italian style, its locus indicated, and details given, 125 , 126 , 129 -142, 146 ; plans, 152 , 153 (Figs. 14 and 15 ); Plate V . (154 a ) used as a Chapter House by Bere, during repairs, 126 Chapel of St. Mary, 35 , 41 , 47 , 58 , 125 (see Retro-Chapel, Lady Chapel, etc.) the older Lady Chapel, 47 , 50 , 78 minor, in retro-quire, 43 , 51 present, on site of the primitive church, at west end: plans, 148 a (Fig. 12 ), 150 , 153 (Figs. 13 , 15 ) sketches of, Figs. 9 , 10 , 11 sacred geometry on floor of chapel, 147 , 148 geometric principles of the plan, 150 , 151 , Fig. 13 and ref. Chapel of St. Michael in the graveyard (burial-place of Johannes), 97 Chapel of St. Thomas of Canterbury, 114 , and Fig. 14 (this is the inner chapel shown in Fig. 14 , the outer being St. Dunstan) Chapter House: Edgar Chapel so called in Elizabethan record, 12 Loretto Chapel, so called in Cannon MS., 114 , 125 , 126 Loretto Chapel used as, by Bere, during repair of, 126 Christ Church Hall, a Chancellorium, 101 Church, Saxon (on site of Edgar Chapel within a fort), 63 Church of Ina, 56 of Turstin, 107 the Great ( temp. Jocelyn), 87 ,88 Clock (horloge) of Peter Lightfoot, 87 Cloister, the Great, 68 , 96 Little, 67 , 68 to north transept, 126 and Plate V . of the North Wind, 146 , 151 ; Plate V . Community of 347 monks (thirteenth century), 88 Company, the, 21 , 87 , 88 (brotherhood, 94 ) Coney, drawing by, Plate IV .; ref. to, 112 , 114 , 123 Convent of Arimathea (the little convent), 68 Court, the Great, 147 by the graveyard, 94 Covered walk (Abbot's), 96 ways (see Passages) Cross in the Zodiac, 147 Crypt under stairs of Edgar Chapel, 40 , 50 , 53 under New Hall, 68 under nave, 41 Curator capellae (J. Bryant), 38 D Deep Place, the, 144 , 166 Distances, Mystery of the, 147 Di Vallera: Domenico, 146 Door (in east wall), 53 (see Portus) Drain, the Great, 66 Drawings of Edgar Chapel, 67 of Loretto Chapel, 128 -142 geometrical, on floor of St. Mary's Chapel, 147 Ducange, dict. of mediæval and low Latin quoted, 33 ref. Dunstan, St.: bones of, 91 chapel in the west, 91 ; chapel in the north, 68 ; chapel at Edgarley, 106 ref. E Eawulf, or Eanwulf, Saxon Earl of Somerton (Yarl of Edgarley) 29 , 105 , 108 Edgar, King (Saint), 4 , 44 Chapel of, 4 , 8 , 9 , 28 , etc., Plate II . (see Chapel) for "Edmund," 56 , 59 Edgarley, 106 Elizabeth, Queen, 4 , 12 , 66 Enigmas, Sacred, on floor of chapel, 148 Erasmus (friend of Bere), 122 Ell (measure), 43 (In the script still unpublished occurs an authoritative statement that the builder's ell used by the monks was just over 2 feet 4 inches. This makes it identical with the "pace" as indicated in the statement of length on p. 68 , where 733 feet = 311 "passus.") Excavation of Bere's chapel, 53 , 54 ; completed, 55 , 59 of apse, 62 plan, 64 F Fannes (fan-vaulting) in Edgar Chapel, 38 , 43 , 57 in claustrum of the Loretto, 119 , 145 in Quire, 59 Glo'ster, 38 , 58 Fishponds, the Abbey, 147 Flat fan-vault in apse, 57 Fort or enclosure (Saxon), 63 Foundations of apse, 43 , Fig. 6 of Bere's Chapel, 51 , 59 ; also Fig. 6 and Plate II . mystery in the, 147 Four Ways, the, 147 Francesco de Padua (Vecchi), 145 , 154 Freeman, Professor, quoted, 11 G Galfrith, Frater, 87 Gallery over entrance to Edgar Chapel, 43 Gallery under great west window, 88 under the great east window of Quire, 57 under west window of Refectory, 96 Gargoyle, the, 99 Garth, upper and lower on north side of church, 144 Gate, to Chalice Hill, 63 King's, 95 Maudlin, 146 -147 of Remembrance, 144 St. John's, 127 -144 Water, 147 Gatehouse keeper's lodging (in dismantled Chapel of Dunstan), 91 Gematria of the Holy Name in the Greek, 151 ref. Geometry, sacred, 147 , 148 , 150 Gifts, spiritual, 22 -25 and flyleaf Glastonbury as a centre of spiritual life, 20 Abbey (see Abbey) Gloucester Cathedral cited, 27 ref. Glo'ster fannes, in Edgar Chapel, 38 Gold and crimson roof in Edgar Chapel, 53 , 77 Grave, a martyr's, 65 Graveyard, monks', 94 , 96 , 97 chapel in the, 97 Groin (see Vaulting) Guest Hall, 35 , 67 , 90 , 96 Gulielmus, Monachus, 33 (signature), 34 , 38 , 45 , 58 , 86 H Hærewith the Dane, 94 Hall, the Great, 90 , 91 , 94 , 96 built by Wolsey in Oxford, 101 Handrail, double, 43 , 75 Hearne, Thomas (eighteenth-century antiquary), quoted, 12 , 62 Herlewin, Abbot, 107 ref. Hollar (ditto) quoted, 12 , 62 View of ruins in 1655, enlarged, 116 (Fig. 10 ) I Ibericus, journey of, 102 Imperator (Cæsar), 108 Ina (King), Church built by, 56 J Jocelyn (Trotman), Bishop of Wells, thirteenth century, 67 , 88 Johannes (see Bryant) Joseph of Arimathea (or of Marmore), 33 ref. K King's Gate and Way, 66 Kirkyard, 96 , 97 Kitchen, Abbot's (the "grete" kitchen), 67 , 94 little (between the Refectory and Guest Hall), 67 Kitchen Court, 95 L Lady Chapel at east end (older), 11 with angular end, 47 Monington's, 50 , 51 (see Phelps and Warner) Lady of Loretto, 119 Lapidator (= stonemason) (J. Bryant), 38 Lay-brothers' House, 96 Lay-Chamber, 96 Lead roof on Edgar Chapel, 55 Leland's Itinerary quoted, 4 , 9 , 111 , 123 Life, Universal (mention in script), 97 Lightfoot, Peter (maker of the clock), 88 Linea bifurcata (Joseph of Arimathea's sepulture), 33 ref. Lions of Arthur's Tomb, 57 of Loretto Chapel, 131 , II. b ; 133 , II. g ; 137 , III. a ; 141 , IV. c ; 142 ; text, 143 , 146 ref. 1 Lobby to Loretto Chapel (with round vaults), 151 Lobinell Hist. quoted, 35 ref. Lodge over the Chalice Gate, 63 Loretto, Chapel of, 111 , 125 documents, 111 -118 script, re , 119 seq. dimensions (40 × 21 feet), 125 excavation of cloister footings (1911), 118 Lory, John (carver of gargoyle), 100 M Malmesbury, William of, on sacred symbols, 148 Mark, Chapel of St. (in Padua), 146 ref. Marmore, Joseph of, 33 ref. Martyr's grave (Whiting's), 65 Martyri, 35 . (Not known to whom this refers, unless to one of the two Edmunds, both of whom were assassinated. King Edgar died a natural death.) Maudlin Gate, 146 -147 Measures (sacred), 147 , 148 , 150 , 151 ref. Melchin, Book of, 33 ref. Memory, cosmic, 20 universal (in script), 97 Merlins, the British, 87 Michael, Chapel of St. (since discovered), 97 Monington, Abbot: lengthened Quire about 1334, 58 modified retro-quire and chapel, 50 Multipartite vaulting (Whiting's work), 35 , 38 N New Hall, 68 North porch, 125 , 146 passage through, 125 O Organs on screen and in chapels, 88 , 89 P Padstow (Cornwall), 103 Padua, Bere's journey to, 120 , 121 , 143 Francesco de, 145 , 154 , 166 Chapel of St. Mark in, 146 , 166 Panellae (panels), 43 in east window, 57 in Quire, 59 Parapets of Loretto Chapel, 133 , II. e , f ; 135 , II. g ; 137 , b Parker, James, quoted, 10 Parlour, Monks', 68 Passages, secret, 53 , 63 , 66 Passage, timber, to Saxon Church, 56 paved, in inner court, 95 Passus (paces), 68 , 69 ( a ) Mediæval, of 1 foot 7 ·44 inches (or 1 ·62 feet) ( b ) Romano-British, of 2 feet 4 -1/4 inches circa Note. —The Greek and Roman foot, on which the last is founded, appears in these islands in early monuments such as Stonehenge, as well as in mediæval work. It varies from about 11 ·52 to 11 ·74 inches (see Flinders Petrie's Inductive Metrology , p. 109 for English mediæval units; p. 118 , Stonehenge (11·54 inches); p. 138 , Rome and Mediæval England (11·52 to 11 ·74 inches); also synoptic table, p. 142 a ; England 11 ·6, England, Italy, and Roman Colonies, 11 ·525 to 11 ·68 inches). Patellae (plaques), in Loretto Chapel, 135 , II. h Phædrus (Phocis), voyage of, 103 Pilgrims' processions, 88 , 91 Way, 125 Pillars over buttresses (Loretto Chapel), 135 , h Polygonal apse, plan published before discovery, 61 foundations discovered, 62 , 64 (Fig. 6 ) Ponds of abbey, 146 Portus introitus (door in east wall of Edgar Chapel), 35 , 53 (door to Loretto Chapel), 126 (west door); 129 , I. e , g ; 133 , II. d ; 139 , III. e , f Priests' houses, 146 Prior's Chapel, 147 Lodgings, 66 , 67 Processional path and doors, 56 , 58 , 65 R Radulphus (Ralph), FitzStephen, chancellor, and builder of the Abbey Church, 91 , 106 , 108 FitzHamon (Norman knight, temp. Turstin, 1089 circa ), 108 Rebus of Abbot Bere, 100 Refectorium, 67 , 68 cellars of, 66 misericorde, 96 Reginaldus ( ob. 1214), 46 , 58 Bishop of Wells (twelfth century), 46 Relics, where kept, 144 Ribs of vault to Loretto, carved with fruit and flowers, 141 , b ; 142 Richard de Tantonia (architect of Edgar Chapel), 67 Robert ( anno 1334), 48 Rolf, Monachus, 35 , 38 S Saint Andrew, Chapel of, 51 guild of, 100 Bridget, 46 Benedict (or Benignus), 98 Church of, 100 Edgar (King), 35 , 44 John's Gate, 127 , 144 Mary, Chapel of (see Chapel), 41 , 51 , 56 , etc. Michael in the graveyard (burial place of Johannes), 97 Patrick, 46 Thomas of Canterbury (site of his Chapel), 114 Schola, the (the Abbey School), 68 Screen, the great (on which was the Quire Organ), 89 behind altar and reredos, 65 Screens in Guest Hall, 90 , 91 Script, notes on, 26 errors in, 26 -30, 68 , 69 "Latin" in, 31 Scriptorium of Abbey, 68 Somerset, Lord, 66 Somerton, Eanwulf, Earl of, 106 Squares (symbolic) in sacred geometry on floor of Lady Chapel, 148 , 150 general system of in plan of monastery, 148 a (Fig. 12 ) Stables of Abbey (near Guest Hall), 67 Stairway to Edgar Chapel, 43 Steps in marble to Edgar Chapel, 43 four or six from Loretto to the transept aisle, 126 four from St. Mary's Garth to the Relics Chapel, 144 four from aisle up to transept, 146 , 151 from "vetusta ecclesia" to Ina's Church, 56 Steps from great cloister in south-east corner, XII. down, and IX. up, to back parts of monastery, 68 Stillington's Chapel at Wells, 44 Stukeley's panorama of ruins, 115 (Fig. 9 ), 160 T Taunton, Abbot's bones secretly brought from, 65 Richard de (architect), 67 , 69 Thesiger, Camillus, 126 , 127 Tintagella settlement, 103 Towers, western, 46 Tower, central, 41 , 87 bell, 87 , 88 Triangles (symbolic) in floor of Lady Chapel, 148 double, in plan of Lady Chapel, 148 Turstin, Abbot, 106 , 108 church built by, 105 , 107 V Vallera di, Domenico, 146 Vault, sepulchral, under High Altar, 65 under halls, 66 , 67 , 68 under central tower and nave, 41 under stairs of St. Mary's (Galilee), 41 Vaulting (volt), quadripartite, 35 multipartite, 35 , 38 fans (old style) at east end of Quire, 38 panelled, in Edgar Chapel (fans), 43 , 57 fans in claustrum north side of nave, 119 with gilt roundels, 120 barrel section (to chantry chapel), 57 cracked, under central tower, 121 , 122 Italian pattern, to Loretto Chapel, 126 , 141 , 146 Vecchi, Francesco (di Torcello), 154 Vesica Piscis (sacred symbol, containing the double equilateral triangle, found in plan of St. Mary's Chapel), 150 (Fig. 13 ), 151 ref. Vestibule (Italian), to Loretto Chapel (the cloister open to the north wind), 146 , 151 Vineyards, the Abbey, 146 Virga (a yard), 36 , 37 Virgin, ancient statue of (at back of altar-screen), 57 and Child in canopied niche over High Altar, 65 Virginis, Cava (apse, or recess of circular form in the east wall of the Loretto Chapel, as indicated by script), 128 -140, 143 W Walls at an angle, 40 , 41 , 44 , 51 , 59 , 64 (Figs. 5 , 6 , and Plate II .) Warner quoted, 7 , 11 , 74 plan of older Lady Chapel, 51 , 52 Watchers, the, 93 Watergate, 146 -147 Wattlework (Saxon), 63 , 65 Ways, the Four, 147 Well of Abbey, filled, 95 chamber in court, 94 Wells, Bishop of, 46 , 87 chapel at, 44 Cathedral cited, 44 , 88 Wells Lady Chapel, 73 Whiting (Whyttinge), Abbot, 4 , 35 , 37 , 55 (signature), 57 , 65 , 70 , 72 , 101 Wild, plan by, 13 , 16 , 40 Willis, Professor, quoted, 7 -12, 15 , 16 plan by, 9 (Fig. 1 ) of retro-chapel, 51 , 53 Window, great east; 57 ; originally straight, 47 ; with balcony under, 65 ; lengthened and rebuilt, 58 great west, with gallery under, 88 Window, transomed, in Edgar Chapel, 37 six, in Great Hall, 90 , 91 Window, marked with cross (old shrine of Edgar), 44 Windows, three, in apse of Edgar Chapel, 57 three, in claustrum chapel, north side nave Wolsey, Cardinal, 91 , 101 Wyrcestre, William, quoted, 14 , 69 reviewed, 13 , 14 Y Yseuguilt (Yseult), Princess, 103 Z Zodiac (in the floor of St. Mary's Chapel), 147

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