The Secretary shall provide for periodic audits to ensure that covered entities and business associates that are subject to the requirements of this subchapter and subparts C and E of part 164 of title 45, Code of Federal Regulations, as such provisions are in effect as of February 17, 2009 , comply with such requirements. ( Pub. L. 111–5, div. A, title XIII, § 13411 , Feb. 17, 2009 , 123 Stat. 276 .) Editorial Notes References in Text This subchapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this subtitle”, meaning subtitle D (§ 13400 et seq.) of title XIII of div. A of Pub. L. 111–5 , Feb. 17, 2009 , 123 Stat. 258 , which is classified principally to this subchapter. For complete classification of subtitle D to the Code, see Tables. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries Effective Date Section effective 12 months after Feb. 17, 2009 , except as otherwise specifically provided, see section 13423 of Pub. L. 111–5 , set out as a note under section 17931 of this title .