ABSTRACT
Abstract
This document describes aspects of multiple active-coordination-set (ACS) aggregation for mobility management. A master base station coordinates aggregation of control-plane and user-plane communications, generated by a first active-coordination-set for a first joint communication between the first ACS and a user equipment, where the first ACS includes the master base station and at least a second base station. The master base station receives, from a second master base station of a second ACS, control-plane information or user-plane data associated with a second joint communication between the second ACS and the UE, the second ACS including the second master base station and at least a third base station. The master base station aggregates the control-plane and user-plane communications with at least a portion of the control-plane information or the user-plane data to coordinate data throughput to the user equipment.
Description
RELATED APPLICATION(S)
This application is a national stage entry of International Application No. PCT/US2019/069129, filed Dec. 31, 2019, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/787,710, filed Jan. 2, 2019, the disclosures which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
BACKGROUND
The evolution of wireless communication to fifth generation (5G) and sixth generation (6G) standards and technologies provides higher data rates and greater capacity, with improved reliability and lower latency, which enhances mobile broadband services. 5G and 6G technologies also provide new classes of services for vehicular, fixed wireless broadband, and the Internet of Things (IoT).
A unified air interface, which utilizes licensed, unlicensed, and shared license radio spectrum, in multiple frequency bands, is one aspect of enabling the capabilities of 5G and 6G systems. The 5G and 6G air interface utilizes radio spectrum in bands below 1 GHz (sub-gigahertz), below 6 GHz (sub-6 GHz), and above 6 GHz. Radio spectrum above 6 GHz includes millimeter wave (mmWave) frequency bands that provide wide channel bandwidths to support higher data rates for wireless broadband.
To increase data rates, throughput, and reliability for a user equipment, various forms of wireless connectivity that use multiple radio links between base stations and the user equipment are supported in 5G and 6G systems. Techniques such as dual connectivity or coordinated multipoint communications, often coupled with beamformed signals, can improve data rates, throughput, and reliability, especially at the edge of cells. The use of these radio link configurations increases the complexity of mobility management to maintain high data rates and reliability for the user equipment.
Conventional mobility management techniques are based on base station neighbor relationships and use handovers to maintain connectivity for the user equipment. However, conventional handover techniques based on base station neighbor relationships disconnect radio bearers and establish new bearers during a handover, which can interrupt data communication for the user equipment during the handover, which affects data throughput and latency for the user equipment.
SUMMARY
Using conventional handover techniques for mobility management in 5G and 6G systems may result in inefficiencies due to interruptions in data communication for a user equipment (UE). For example, the interruptions are generally based on disconnection of radio bearers and establishment of new bearers during the handover, which affects data throughput and latency for the UE.
Seamless mobility for wireless communication between the UE and one or more base stations can be supported by an active coordination set (ACS) for each UE. This mobility is enhanced by using a multiple-ACS configuration that aggregates data throughput for the UE. Multiple ACSs are configured for a UE such that each ACS corresponds to a different carrier or radio access technology (RAT) for the same UE. Alternatively or in addition, the ACSs are directionally defined for the UE such that one ACS is configured only for uplink data and another ACS is configured only for downlink data. Each ACS includes a master base station. The master base stations of the different ACSs coordinate the aggregation of the data throughput for the UE. Accordingly, the techniques described herein include multiple ACS aggregation for mobility management.
In implementations of multiple ACS aggregation for mobility management, a master base station coordinates aggregation of control-plane and user-plane communications, generated by a first active-coordination-set (ACS) for a first joint communication between the first ACS and a user equipment (UE) where the first ACS includes the master base station and at least a second base station. The master base station also receives, from a second master base station of a second ACS, control-plane information or user-plane data associated with a second joint communication between the second ACS and the UE, the second ACS including the second master base station and at least a third base station. In implementations, the master base station aggregates the control-plane and user-plane communications generated by the first ACS with at least a portion of the control-plane information or the user-plane data from the second master base station to coordinate data throughput to the user equipment.
Aspects of multiple ACS aggregation for mobility management include a UE processing a first set of joint communications exchanged with a first set of two or more base stations included in a first ACS using a first carrier of a first radio access technology. The UE also processes a second set of joint communications exchanged with a second set of two or more base stations included in a second ACS using a second carrier that is different than the first carrier. In implementations, the second set of joint communications are coordinated with the first set of joint communications, such as by the first ACS coordinating with the second ACS through the use of a first master base station of the first ACS and a second master base station of the second ACS.
This summary is provided to introduce simplified concepts of an active coordination set for mobility management. The simplified concepts are further described below in the Detailed Description. This summary is not intended to identify essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended for use in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Aspects of multiple active-coordination-set aggregation for mobility management are described with reference to the following drawings. The same numbers are used throughout the drawings to reference like features and components:
FIG. 1 illustrates an example wireless network system in which various aspects of multiple active-coordination-set aggregation for mobility management can be implemented.
FIG. 2 illustrates an example device diagram that can implement various aspects of multiple active-coordination-set aggregation for mobility management.
FIG. 3 illustrates an air interface resource that extends between a user equipment and a base station and with which various aspects of multiple active-coordination-set aggregation for mobility management techniques can be implemented.
FIG. 4 illustrates an example wireless networking stack with which aspects of the described techniques can be implemented.
FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a user equipment moving through a radio access network that includes multiple base stations in accordance with aspects of an active coordination set for mobility management techniques.
FIG. 6 illustrates and example of a user equipment configured with multiple active coordination sets.
FIG. 7 illustrates an example environment in which various aspects of multiple active-coordination-set aggregation for mobility management can be implemented.
FIG. 8 illustrates an example method for implementing multiple active-coordination-set aggregation by a master base station for mobility management of a UE in accordance with aspects of the techniques described herein.
FIG. 9 illustrates an example method for multiple ACS aggregation as generally related to the user equipment communicating with multiple ACSs.
FIG. 10 illustrates an example method for implementing multiple active-coordination-set aggregation for mobility management in accordance with aspects of the techniques described herein.
FIG. 11 illustrates an example method for implementing multiple active-coordination-set aggregation for mobility management in accordance with aspects of the techniques described herein.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
This document describes methods, devices, systems, and means for multiple active-coordination-set (ACS) aggregation for mobility management. The evolution of wireless communication systems to fifth generation (5G) New Radio (5G NR) and Sixth Generation (6G) technologies provides higher data rates to users. By employing techniques, such as Coordinated MultiPoint (CoMP) or Dual Connectivity (DC) over beamformed wireless connections, higher data rates can be provided at the edges of 5G and 6G cells. However, the management of user equipment (UE) mobility and handovers becomes increasingly complex in these environments.
An Active Coordination Set (ACS) is a user equipment-specific set of base stations (e.g., 5G and/or 6G base stations) that are determined by the user equipment to be usable for wireless communication. More specifically, the base stations in the ACS are usable for joint transmission and/or reception (joint communication) between the user equipment and any or all of the base stations in the ACS. The joint transmission and/or reception techniques include CoMP, Single Radio Access Technology (RAT) Dual Connectivity (single-RAT DC), and/or Multi-Radio Access Technology Dual Connectivity (MR-DC).
A master base station of the ACS coordinates joint transmission and/or reception for the user equipment. For example, the master base station uses the ACS to schedule air interface resources for the set of base stations communicating with the UE, thus coordinating the joint transmission through joint scheduling. By using this joint scheduling for communications with the UE, scheduling efficiency is increased, and inter-cell interference (ICI) is reduced in the wireless network.
Multiple ACSs can be configured for the UE to aggregate data throughput for the UE. Each ACS can be configured for a different carrier or RAT. At least one ACS can be directionally defined for the UE, such that communications between the UE and a particular ACS include only uplink data or only downlink data. Communication between the ACSs can occur through respective master base stations. For example, the master base station of one ACS can communicate with another master base station of another ACS configured for the UE to aggregate the data throughput for the UE.
In implementations of multiple ACS aggregation for mobility management, a master base station coordinates aggregation of control-plane and user-plane communications, generated by a first active-coordination-set (ACS) for a first joint communication between the first ACS and a user equipment (UE) where the first ACS includes the master base station and at least a second base station. The master base station also receives, from a second master base station of a second ACS, control-plane information or user-plane data associated with a second joint communication between the second ACS and the UE, the second ACS including the second master base station and at least a third base station. In implementations, the master base station aggregates the control-plane and user-plane communications generated by the first ACS with at least a portion of the control-plane information or the user-plane data from the second master base station to coordinate data throughput to the user equipment.
Aspects of multiple ACS aggregation for mobility management include a UE processing a first set of joint communications exchanged with a first set of two or more base stations included in a first ACS using a first carrier of a first radio access technology. The UE also processes a second set of joint communications exchanged with a second set of two or more base stations included in a second ACS using a second carrier that is different than the first carrier. In implementations, the second set of joint communications are coordinated with the first set of joint communications, such as by the first ACS coordinating with the second ACS through the use of a first master base station of the first ACS and a second master base station of the second ACS.
In some aspects, a method for implementing multiple ACS aggregation by a master base station for mobility management of a UE is disclosed. The method includes the master base station coordinating aggregation of a first set of distributed transmissions between the UE and a first set of base stations forming a first ACS. The first set of base stations includes the master base station and at least one other base station. The master base station receives, from another master base station of a second ACS formed by a second set of base stations including the other master base station and at least one additional base station, control-plane data associated with a second set of distributed transmissions between the UE and the second set of base stations. Then, the master base station aggregates the first set of transmissions with the second set of transmissions for the UE.
In aspects, a method for multiple ACS aggregation by a UE is described. The method includes the UE jointly communicating with a first set of two or more base stations included in a first ACS. The UE also jointly communicates with a second set of two or more base stations included in a second ACS. In implementations, the UE uses a first carrier or RAT to communicate with the first ACS and a second carrier or RAT to communicate with the second ACS. In addition or in the alternative, each ACS is directionally defined for a specific UE, such that the UE communicates with the first ACS for only uplink data and with the second ACS for only downlink data.
In another aspect, a base station is described that includes a radio-frequency transceiver and a processor and memory system coupled to the radio-frequency transceiver. The processor and memory system is configured to aggregate transmissions between a UE and a first ACS. The first ACS includes a first plurality of base stations including the base station. In addition, the processor and memory system is configured to transmit control-plane data associated with the transmissions to a master base station of a second ACS defined by a second plurality of base stations. The control-plane data is transmitted effective to enable the master base station of the second ACS to coordinate aggregation of the transmissions between the UE and the first ACS with additional transmissions between the UE and the second ACS.
While features and concepts of the described systems and methods for multiple active-coordination-set aggregation for mobility management can be implemented in any number of different environments, systems, devices, and/or various configurations, aspects of multiple active-coordination-set aggregation for mobility management are described in the context of the following example devices, systems, and configurations.
Example Environment
FIG. 1 illustrates an example environment 100 in which various aspects of multiple active-coordination-set aggregation for mobility management can be implemented. The example environment 100 includes a user equipment 110 (UE 110 ) that communicates with one or more base stations 120 (illustrated as base stations 121 and 122 ), through one or more wireless communication links 130 (wireless link 130 ), illustrated as <f
RELATED APPLICATION(S)
This application is a national stage entry of International Application No. PCT/US2019/069129, filed Dec. 31, 2019, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/787,710, filed Jan. 2, 2019, the disclosures which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
BACKGROUND
The evolution of wireless communication to fifth generation (5G) and sixth generation (6G) standards and technologies provides higher data rates and greater capacity, with improved reliability and lower latency, which enhances mobile broadband services. 5G and 6G technologies also provide new classes of services for vehicular, fixed wireless broadband, and the Internet of Things (IoT).
A unified air interface, which utilizes licensed, unlicensed, and shared license radio spectrum, in multiple frequency bands, is one aspect of enabling the capabilities of 5G and 6G systems. The 5G and 6G air interface utilizes radio spectrum in bands below 1 GHz (sub-gigahertz), below 6 GHz (sub-6 GHz), and above 6 GHz. Radio spectrum above 6 GHz includes millimeter wave (mmWave) frequency bands that provide wide channel bandwidths to support higher data rates for wireless broadband.
To increase data rates, throughput, and reliability for a user equipment, various forms of wireless connectivity that use multiple radio links between base stations and the user equipment are supported in 5G and 6G systems. Techniques such as dual connectivity or coordinated multipoint communications, often coupled with beamformed signals, can improve data rates, throughput, and reliability, especially at the edge of cells. The use of these radio link configurations increases the complexity of mobility management to maintain high data rates and reliability for the user equipment.
Conventional mobility management techniques are based on base station neighbor relationships and use handovers to maintain connectivity for the user equipment. However, conventional handover techniques based on base station neighbor relationships disconnect radio bearers and establish new bearers during a handover, which can interrupt data communication for the user equipment during the handover, which affects data throughput and latency for the user equipment.
SUMMARY
Using conventional handover techniques for mobility management in 5G and 6G systems may result in inefficiencies due to interruptions in data communication for a user equipment (UE). For example, the interruptions are generally based on disconnection of radio bearers and establishment of new bearers during the handover, which affects data throughput and latency for the UE.
Seamless mobility for wireless communication between the UE and one or more base stations can be supported by an active coordination set (ACS) for each UE. This mobility is enhanced by using a multiple-ACS configuration that aggregates data throughput for the UE. Multiple ACSs are configured for a UE such that each ACS corresponds to a different carrier or radio access technology (RAT) for the same UE. Alternatively or in addition, the ACSs are directionally defined for the UE such that one ACS is configured only for uplink data and another ACS is configured only for downlink data. Each ACS includes a master base station. The master base stations of the different ACSs coordinate the aggregation of the data throughput for the UE. Accordingly, the techniques described herein include multiple ACS aggregation for mobility management.
In implementations of multiple ACS aggregation for mobility management, a master base station coordinates aggregation of control-plane and user-plane communications, generated by a first active-coordination-set (ACS) for a first joint communication between the first ACS and a user equipment (UE) where the first ACS includes the master base station and at least a second base station. The master base station also receives, from a second master base station of a second ACS, control-plane information or user-plane data associated with a second joint communication between the second ACS and the UE, the second ACS including the second master base station and at least a third base station. In implementations, the master base station aggregates the control-plane and user-plane communications generated by the first ACS with at least a portion of the control-plane information or the user-plane data from the second master base station to coordinate data throughput to the user equipment.
Aspects of multiple ACS aggregation for mobility management include a UE processing a first set of joint communications exchanged with a first set of two or more base stations included in a first ACS using a first carrier of a first radio access technology. The UE also processes a second set of joint communications exchanged with a second set of two or more base stations included in a second ACS using a second carrier that is different than the first carrier. In implementations, the second set of joint communications are coordinated with the first set of joint communications, such as by the first ACS coordinating with the second ACS through the use of a first master base station of the first ACS and a second master base station of the second ACS.
This summary is provided to introduce simplified concepts of an active coordination set for mobility management. The simplified concepts are further described below in the Detailed Description. This summary is not intended to identify essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended for use in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Aspects of multiple active-coordination-set aggregation for mobility management are described with reference to the following drawings. The same numbers are used throughout the drawings to reference like features and components:
FIG. 1 illustrates an example wireless network system in which various aspects of multiple active-coordination-set aggregation for mobility management can be implemented.
FIG. 2 illustrates an example device diagram that can implement various aspects of multiple active-coordination-set aggregation for mobility management.
FIG. 3 illustrates an air interface resource that extends between a user equipment and a base station and with which various aspects of multiple active-coordination-set aggregation for mobility management techniques can be implemented.
FIG. 4 illustrates an example wireless networking stack with which aspects of the described techniques can be implemented.
FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a user equipment moving through a radio access network that includes multiple base stations in accordance with aspects of an active coordination set for mobility management techniques.
FIG. 6 illustrates and example of a user equipment configured with multiple active coordination sets.
FIG. 7 illustrates an example environment in which various aspects of multiple active-coordination-set aggregation for mobility management can be implemented.
FIG. 8 illustrates an example method for implementing multiple active-coordination-set aggregation by a master base station for mobility management of a UE in accordance with aspects of the techniques described herein.
FIG. 9 illustrates an example method for multiple ACS aggregation as generally related to the user equipment communicating with multiple ACSs.
FIG. 10 illustrates an example method for implementing multiple active-coordination-set aggregation for mobility management in accordance with aspects of the techniques described herein.
FIG. 11 illustrates an example method for implementing multiple active-coordination-set aggregation for mobility management in accordance with aspects of the techniques described herein.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
This document describes methods, devices, systems, and means for multiple active-coordination-set (ACS) aggregation for mobility management. The evolution of wireless communication systems to fifth generation (5G) New Radio (5G NR) and Sixth Generation (6G) technologies provides higher data rates to users. By employing techniques, such as Coordinated MultiPoint (CoMP) or Dual Connectivity (DC) over beamformed wireless connections, higher data rates can be provided at the edges of 5G and 6G cells. However, the management of user equipment (UE) mobility and handovers becomes increasingly complex in these environments.
An Active Coordination Set (ACS) is a user equipment-specific set of base stations (e.g., 5G and/or 6G base stations) that are determined by the user equipment to be usable for wireless communication. More specifically, the base stations in the ACS are usable for joint transmission and/or reception (joint communication) between the user equipment and any or all of the base stations in the ACS. The joint transmission and/or reception techniques include CoMP, Single Radio Access Technology (RAT) Dual Connectivity (single-RAT DC), and/or Multi-Radio Access Technology Dual Connectivity (MR-DC).
A master base station of the ACS coordinates joint transmission and/or reception for the user equipment. For example, the master base station uses the ACS to schedule air interface resources for the set of base stations communicating with the UE, thus coordinating the joint transmission through joint scheduling. By using this joint scheduling for communications with the UE, scheduling efficiency is increased, and inter-cell interference (ICI) is reduced in the wireless network.
Multiple ACSs can be configured for the UE to aggregate data throughput for the UE. Each ACS can be configured for a different carrier or RAT. At least one ACS can be directionally defined for the UE, such that communications between the UE and a particular ACS include only uplink data or only downlink data. Communication between the ACSs can occur through respective master base stations. For example, the master base station of one ACS can communicate with another master base station of another ACS configured for the UE to aggregate the data throughput for the UE.
In implementations of multiple ACS aggregation for mobility management, a master base station coordinates aggregation of control-plane and user-plane communications, generated by a first active-coordination-set (ACS) for a first joint communication between the first ACS and a user equipment (UE) where the first ACS includes the master base station and at least a second base station. The master base station also receives, from a second master base station of a second ACS, control-plane information or user-plane data associated with a second joint communication between the second ACS and the UE, the second ACS including the second master base station and at least a third base station. In implementations, the master base station aggregates the control-plane and user-plane communications generated by the first ACS with at least a portion of the control-plane information or the user-plane data from the second master base station to coordinate data throughput to the user equipment.
Aspects of multiple ACS aggregation for mobility management include a UE processing a first set of joint communications exchanged with a first set of two or more base stations included in a first ACS using a first carrier of a first radio access technology. The UE also processes a second set of joint communications exchanged with a second set of two or more base stations included in a second ACS using a second carrier that is different than the first carrier. In implementations, the second set of joint communications are coordinated with the first set of joint communications, such as by the first ACS coordinating with the second ACS through the use of a first master base station of the first ACS and a second master base station of the second ACS.
In some aspects, a method for implementing multiple ACS aggregation by a master base station for mobility management of a UE is disclosed. The method includes the master base station coordinating aggregation of a first set of distributed transmissions between the UE and a first set of base stations forming a first ACS. The first set of base stations includes the master base station and at least one other base station. The master base station receives, from another master base station of a second ACS formed by a second set of base stations including the other master base station and at least one additional base station, control-plane data associated with a second set of distributed transmissions between the UE and the second set of base stations. Then, the master base station aggregates the first set of transmissions with the second set of transmissions for the UE.
In aspects, a method for multiple ACS aggregation by a UE is described. The method includes the UE jointly communicating with a first set of two or more base stations included in a first ACS. The UE also jointly communicates with a second set of two or more base stations included in a second ACS. In implementations, the UE uses a first carrier or RAT to communicate with the first ACS and a second carrier or RAT to communicate with the second ACS. In addition or in the alternative, each ACS is directionally defined for a specific UE, such that the UE communicates with the first ACS for only uplink data and with the second ACS for only downlink data.
In another aspect, a base station is described that includes a radio-frequency transceiver and a processor and memory system coupled to the radio-frequency transceiver. The processor and memory system is configured to aggregate transmissions between a UE and a first ACS. The first ACS includes a first plurality of base stations including the base station. In addition, the processor and memory system is configured to transmit control-plane data associated with the transmissions to a master base station of a second ACS defined by a second plurality of base stations. The control-plane data is transmitted effective to enable the master base station of the second ACS to coordinate aggregation of the transmissions between the UE and the first ACS with additional transmissions between the UE and the second ACS.
While features and concepts of the described systems and methods for multiple active-coordination-set aggregation for mobility management can be implemented in any number of different environments, systems, devices, and/or various configurations, aspects of multiple active-coordination-set aggregation for mobility management are described in the context of the following example devices, systems, and configurations.
Example Environment
FIG. 1 illustrates an example environment 100 in which various aspects of multiple active-coordination-set aggregation for mobility management can be implemented. The example environment 100 includes a user equipment 110 (UE 110 ) that communicates with one or more base stations 120 (illustrated as base stations 121 and 122 ), through one or more wireless communication links 130 (wireless link 130 ), illustrated as wireless links
131 and 132 . In this example, the UE 110 is implemented as a smartphone. Although illustrated as a smartphone, the UE 110 may be implemented as any suitable computing or electronic device, such as a mobile communication device, a modem, cellular phone, gaming device, navigation device, media device, laptop computer, desktop computer, tablet computer, smart appliance, or vehicle-based communication system. The base stations 120 (e.g., an Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network Node B, E-UTRAN Node B, evolved Node B, eNodeB, eNB, Next Generation Node B, gNode B, gNB, ng-eNB, a 6G node B, or the like) may be implemented in a macrocell, microcell, small cell, picocell, and the like, or any combination thereof.
The base stations 120 communicate with the UE 110 using the wireless links
131 and 132 , which may be implemented as any suitable type of wireless link. The wireless links 131 and 132 can include a downlink of data and control information communicated from the base stations 120 to the UE 110 , an uplink of other data and control information communicated from the UE 110 to the base stations 120 , or both. The wireless links 130 may include one or more wireless links or bearers implemented using any suitable communication protocol or standard, or combination of communication protocols or standards such as 3rd Generation Partnership Project Long-Term Evolution (3GPP LTE), Fifth Generation New Radio (5G NR), 6G, and so forth. Multiple wireless links 130 may be aggregated in a carrier aggregation to provide a higher data rate for the UE 110 . Multiple wireless links 130 from multiple base stations 120 may be configured for Coordinated Multipoint (CoMP) communication with the UE 110 . Additionally, multiple wireless links 130 may be configured for single-radio access technology (RAT) (single-RAT) dual connectivity (single-RAT-DC) or multi-RAT dual connectivity (MR-DC).
The base stations 120 are collectively a Radio Access Network 140 (RAN, Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network, E-UTRAN, 5G NR RAN or NR RAN). The base stations
121 and 122 in the RAN 140 are connected to a core network 150 , such as a Fifth Generation Core (5GC) or 6G core network. The base stations
121 and 122 connect, at 102 and 104 respectively, to the core network 150 using an NG2 interface (or a similar 6G interface) for control-plane signaling and using an NG3 interface (or a similar 6G interface) for user-plane data communications. In addition to connections to core networks, base stations 120 may communicate with each other using an Xn Application Protocol (XnAP), at 112 , to exchange user-plane and control-plane data. The UE 110 may also connect, using the core network 150 , to public networks, such as the Internet 160 to interact with a remote service 170 .
Example Devices
FIG. 2 illustrates an example device diagram 200 of the UE 110 and the base stations 120 . The UE 110 and the base stations 120 may include additional functions and interfaces that are omitted from FIG. 2 for the sake of clarity. The UE 110 includes antennas 202 , a radio frequency front end 204 (RF front end 204 ), an LTE transceiver 206 , a 5G NR transceiver 208 , and a 6G transceiver 210 for communicating with base stations 120 in the RAN 140 . The RF front end 204 of the UE 110 can couple or connect the LTE transceiver 206 , the 5G NR transceiver 208 , and the 6G transceiver 210 to the antennas 202 to facilitate various types of wireless communication. The antennas 202 of the UE 110 may include an array of multiple antennas that are configured similarly to or differently from each other. The antennas 202 and the RF front end 204 can be tuned to, and/or be tunable to, one or more frequency bands defined by the 3GPP LTE, 5G NR, and 6G communication standards and implemented by the LTE transceiver 206 , the 5G NR transceiver 208 , and/or the 6G transceiver 210 . Additionally, the antennas 202 , the RF front end 204 , the LTE transceiver 206 , the 5G NR transceiver 208 , and/or the 6G transceiver 210 may be configured to support beamforming for the transmission and reception of communications with the base stations 120 . By way of example and not limitation, the antennas 202 and the RF front end 204 can be implemented for operation in sub-gigahertz bands, sub-6 GHz bands, and/or above 6 GHz bands that are defined by the 3GPP LTE, 5G NR, and 6G communication standards.
The UE 110 also includes processor(s) 212 and computer-readable storage media 214 (CRM 214 ). The processor 212 may be a single core processor or a multiple core processor composed of a variety of materials, such as silicon, polysilicon, high-K dielectric, copper, and so on. The computer-readable storage media described herein excludes propagating signals. CRM 214 may include any suitable memory or storage device such as random-access memory (RAM), static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), non-volatile RAM (NVRAM), read-only memory (ROM), or Flash memory useable to store device data 216 of the UE 110 . The device data 216 includes user data, multimedia data, beamforming codebooks, applications, and/or an operating system of the UE 110 , which are executable by processor(s) 212 to enable user-plane communication, control-plane signaling, and user interaction with the UE 110 .
In some implementations, the CRM 214 may also include an active coordination set (ACS) manager 218 . The ACS manager 218 can communicate with the antennas 202 , the RF front end 204 , the LTE transceiver 206 , the 5G NR transceiver, and/or the 6G transceiver 210 to monitor the quality of the wireless communication links 130 . Based on this monitoring, the ACS manager 218 can determine to add or remove base stations 120 from the ACS and/or trigger the transmission of an uplink ACS sounding signal. The active coordination set manager 218 can also communicate with the antennas 202 , the RF front end 204 , the LTE transceiver 206 , the 5G NR transceiver, and/or the 6G transceiver 210 to communicate uplink data via one ACS and downlink data via a different ACS.
The device diagram for the base stations 120 , shown in FIG. 2 , includes a single network node (e.g., a gNode B). The functionality of the base stations 120 may be distributed across multiple network nodes or devices and may be distributed in any fashion suitable to perform the functions described herein. The base stations 120 include antennas 252 , a radio frequency front end 254 (RF front end 254 ), one or more LTE transceivers 256 , one or more 5G NR transceivers 258 , and/or one or more 6G transceivers 260 for communicating with the UE 110 . The RF front end 254 of the base stations 120 can couple or connect the LTE transceivers 256 , the 5G NR transceivers 258 , and/or the 6G transceivers 260 to the antennas 252 to facilitate various types of wireless communication. The antennas 252 of the base stations 120 may include an array of multiple antennas that are configured similarly to or differently from each other. The antennas 252 and the RF front end 254 can be tuned to, and/or be tunable to, one or more frequency bands defined by the 3GPP LTE, 5G NR, and 6G communication standards, and implemented by the LTE transceivers 256 , one or more 5G NR transceivers 258 , and/or one or more 6G transceivers 260 . Additionally, the antennas 252 , the RF front end 254 , the LTE transceivers 256 , one or more 5G NR transceivers 258 , and/or one or more 6G transceivers 260 may be configured to support beamforming, such as Massive-MIMO, for the transmission and reception of communications with the UE 110 .
The base stations 120 also include processor(s) 262 and computer-readable storage media 264 (CRM 264 ). The processor 262 may be a single core processor or a multiple core processor composed of a variety of materials, such as silicon, polysilicon, high-K dielectric, copper, and so on. CRM 264 may include any suitable memory or storage device such as random-access memory (RAM), static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), non-volatile RAM (NVRAM), read-only memory (ROM), or Flash memory useable to store device data 266 of the base stations 120 . The device data 266 includes network scheduling data, radio resource management data, beamforming codebooks, applications, and/or an operating system of the base stations 120 , which are executable by processor(s) 262 to enable communication with the UE 110 .
CRM 264 also includes a joint communication scheduler 268 . Alternately or additionally, the joint communication scheduler 268 may be implemented in whole or part as hardware logic or circuitry integrated with or separate from other components of the base stations 120 . In at least some aspects, the joint communication scheduler 268 configures the LTE transceivers 256 , the 5G NR transceivers 258 , and the 6G transceiver(s) 260 for communication with the UE 110 , as well as communication with a core network, such as the core network 150 , and routing user-plane and control-plane data for joint communication. Additionally, the joint communication scheduler 268 may allocate air interface resources and schedule communications for the UE 110 and base stations 120 in the ACS when the base station 120 is acting as a master base station for the base stations 120 in the ACS.
The base stations 120 include an inter-base station interface 270 , such as an Xn and/or X2 interface, which the joint communication scheduler 268 configures to exchange user-plane and control-plane data between other base stations 120 , to manage the communication of the base stations 120 with the UE 110 . The base stations 120 include a core network interface 272 that the joint communication scheduler 268 configures to exchange user-plane and control-plane data with core network functions and/or entities.
FIG. 3 illustrates an air interface resource that extends between a user equipment and a base station and with which various aspects of multiple active-coordination-set aggregation for mobility management can be implemented. The air interface resource 302 can be divided into resource units 304 , each of which occupies some intersection of frequency spectrum and elapsed time. A portion of the air interface resource 302 is illustrated graphically in a grid or matrix having multiple resource blocks 310 , including example resource blocks 311 , 312 , 313 , 314 . An example of a resource unit 304 therefore includes at least one resource block 310 . As shown, time is depicted along the horizontal dimension as the abscissa axis, and frequency is depicted along the vertical dimension as the ordinate axis. The air interface resource 302 , as defined by a given communication protocol or standard, may span any suitable specified frequency range, and/or may be divided into intervals of any specified duration. Increments of time can correspond to, for example, milliseconds (mSec). Increments of frequency can correspond to, for example, megahertz (MHz).
In example operations generally, the base stations 120 allocate portions (e.g., resource units 304 ) of the air interface resource 302 for uplink and downlink communications. Each resource block 310 of network access resources may be allocated to support respective wireless communication links 130 of multiple UE 110 . In the lower left corner of the grid, the resource block 311 may span, as defined by a given communication protocol, a specified frequency range 306 and comprise multiple subcarriers or frequency sub-bands. The resource block 311 may include any suitable number of subcarriers (e.g., 12) that each correspond to a respective portion (e.g., 15 kHz) of the specified frequency range 306 (e.g., 180 kHz). The resource block 311 may also span, as defined by the given communication protocol, a specified time interval 308 or time slot (e.g., lasting approximately one-half millisecond or 7 orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols). The time interval 308 includes subintervals that may each correspond to a symbol, such as an OFDM symbol. As shown in FIG. 3 , each resource block 310 may include multiple resource elements 320 (REs) that correspond to, or are defined by, a subcarrier of the frequency range 306 and a subinterval (or symbol) of the time interval 308 . Alternatively, a given resource element 320 may span more than one frequency subcarrier or symbol. Thus, a resource unit 304 may include at least one resource block 310 , at least one resource element 320 , and so forth.
In example implementations, multiple UE 110 (one of which is shown) are communicating with the base stations 120 (one of which is shown) through access provided by portions of the air interface resource 302 . The joint communication scheduler 268 (shown in FIG. 2 ) may determine a respective data-rate, type of information, or amount of information (e.g., data or control information) to be communicated (e.g., transmitted) by the UE 110 . For example, the joint communication scheduler 268 can determine that each UE 110 is to transmit at a different respective data rate or transmit a different respective amount of information. The joint communication scheduler 268 then allocates one or more resource blocks 310 to each UE 110 based on the determined data rate or amount of information.
Additionally, or in the alternative to block-level resource grants, the joint communication scheduler 268 may allocate resource units at an element-level. Thus, the joint communication scheduler 268 may allocate one or more resource elements 320 or individual subcarriers to different UEs 110 . By so doing, one resource block 310 can be allocated to facilitate network access for multiple UEs 110 . Accordingly, the joint communication scheduler 268 may allocate, at various granularities, one or up to all subcarriers or resource elements 320 of a resource block 310 to one UE 110 or divided across multiple UEs 110 , thereby enabling higher network utilization or increased spectrum efficiency.
The joint communication scheduler 268 can therefore allocate the air interface resource 302 by <figure-callout id="304" label="resource unit" filenames="US12114394-2024
CLAIMS
Claims ( 20 )
What is claimed is:
1. A method for implementing multiple active-coordination-set (ACS) aggregation by a first master base station of a first active-coordination-set (ACS) for mobility management of a user equipment (UE), the method comprising the first master base station:
coordinating aggregation of control-plane and user-plane communications with the UE between at least the first ACS and a second ACS by communicating with a second master base station of the second ACS, the first ACS including the first master base station and at least a second base station, the second ACS including the second master base station and at least a third base station;
communicating, jointly with at least one other base station in the first ACS, with the UE using at least one of a first coordinated multipoint joint transmission or a first coordinated multipoint joint reception between a plurality of base stations in the first ACS and the UE, the at least one of the first coordinated multipoint joint transmission or the first coordinated multipoint joint reception associated with the control-plane and user-plane communications;
receiving, from the second master base station of the second ACS, control-plane information or user-plane data that is associated with at least one of a second coordinated multipoint joint transmission or second coordinated multipoint joint reception between a plurality of base stations in the second ACS and the UE; and
aggregating the control-plane and user-plane communications communicated by the first ACS with at least a portion of the control-plane information or the user-plane data from the second master base station to coordinate data throughput to the UE.
2. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein receiving the control-plane information or user-plane data comprises:
receiving the control-plane information or user-plane data at a Media Access Control layer of the first master base station.
3. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein receiving the control-plane or user-plane communications comprises:
receiving at least one of a layer-1 assignment, grant information, or hybrid automatic repeat request feedback for the second ACS.
4. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein receiving the control-plane information or user-plane data comprises:
receiving, at a Packet Data Convergence Protocol layer of the first master base station, layer-2 control information.
5. The method as recited in claim 4 , wherein the control-plane information or user-plane data includes layer-2 feedback corresponding to the second ACS.
6. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein receiving the control-plane information or user-plane data comprises:
receiving control-plane information that includes layer-3 control information for the user equipment.
7. The method as recited in claim 6 , wherein the layer-3 control information includes management information to manage a configuration of the first ACS or the second ACS.
8. The method as recited in claim 1 , further comprising:
receiving uplink transmissions from the user equipment; and
forwarding at least a portion of the uplink transmissions to the second master base station.
9. The method as recited in claim 1 , further comprising:
selecting one of the first ACS and the second ACS for satisfying one or more quality-of-service (QOS) requirements for a QoS-flow; and
coordinating with the second master base station to route communications associated with the QoS-flow through the selected one of the first ACS and the second ACS.
10. The method as recited in claim 1 , further comprising:
transmitting lower-layer protocol control information for the user equipment to the second master base station of the second ACS.
11. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein receiving the control-plane information or user-plane data comprises:
receiving control-plane information that includes lower-layer protocol control information including at least one of scheduling information or hybrid automatic repeat request information for transfer to the second base station.
12. A base station apparatus comprising:
at least one wireless transceiver;
a processor; and
computer-readable storage media comprising instructions that, responsive to execution by the processor, direct the base station apparatus to perform operations using the at least one wireless transceiver, the operations comprising:
coordinating aggregation of control-plane and user-plane communications with a user equipment (UE) between at least a first active-coordination-set (ACS) and a second ACS by communicating with a second master base station of the second ACS, the first ACS including the base station apparatus acting as a first master base station and at least a second base station, the second ACS including the second master base station and at least a third base station;
communicating, jointly with at least one other base station in the first ACS, with the UE using at least one of a first coordinated multipoint joint transmission or a first coordinated multipoint joint reception between a plurality of base stations in the first ACS and the UE, the at least one of the first coordinated multipoint joint transmission or the first coordinated multipoint joint reception associated with at least a portion of the control-plane and user-plane communications;
receiving, from the second master base station of the second ACS, control-plane information or user-plane data that is associated with at least one of a second coordinated multipoint joint transmission or second coordinated multipoint joint reception between a plurality of base stations in the second ACS and the user equipment; and
aggregating the control-plane and user-plane communications communicated by the first ACS with at least a portion of the control-plane information or the user-plane data from the second master base station to coordinate data throughput to the user equipment.
13. The base station apparatus as recited in claim 12 , wherein the computer-readable storage media comprises instructions that, responsive to execution by the processor, direct the base station apparatus to receive the control-plane information or user-plane data by:
receiving the control-plane information or user-plane data at a Media Access Control layer of the first master base station.
14. The base station apparatus as recited in claim 12 , wherein the computer-readable storage media comprises instructions that, responsive to execution by the processor, direct the base station apparatus to receive the control-plane information or user-plane data by:
receiving at least one of a layer-1 assignment, grant information, or hybrid automatic repeat request feedback for the second ACS.
15. The base station apparatus as recited in claim 12 , wherein the computer-readable storage media comprises instructions that, responsive to execution by the processor, direct the base station apparatus to receive the control-plane information or user-plane data by:
receiving, at a Packet Data Convergence Protocol layer of the first master base station, layer-2 control information.
16. The base station apparatus as recited in claim 15 , wherein the control-plane information or user-plane data includes layer-2 feedback corresponding to the second ACS.
17. The base station apparatus as recited in claim 12 , wherein the computer-readable storage media comprises instructions that, responsive to execution by the processor, direct the base station apparatus to receive the control-plane information or user-plane data by:
receiving control-plane information that includes layer-3 control information for the user equipment.
18. The base station apparatus as recited in claim 17 , wherein the layer-3 control information includes management information to manage a configuration of the first ACS or the second ACS.
19. The base station apparatus as recited in claim 12 , wherein the computer-readable storage media comprises instructions that, responsive to execution by the processor, direct the base station apparatus to perform additional operations comprising:
receiving uplink transmissions from the user equipment; and
forwarding at least a portion of the uplink transmissions to the second master base station.
20. The base station apparatus as recited in claim 12 , wherein the computer-readable storage media comprises instructions that, responsive to execution by the processor, direct the base station apparatus to perform additional operations comprising:
selecting one of the first ACS and the second ACS for satisfying one or more quality-of-service (QOS) requirements for a QoS-flow; and
coordinating with the second master base station to route communications associated with the QoS-flow through the selected one of the first ACS and the second ACS.
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