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Augmented reality (AR) eyewear with a section of a fresnel reflector comprising … — Holovisions LLC (US12013538B2)

Holovisions LLC · Google Patents

Google Patents · Patents · License: Open Access

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roberta.connor

patent, google patents, intellectual property, US12013538B2, Holovisions LLC, Robert A. Connor, en, 2024

ABSTRACT

Abstract

Disclosed herein is augmented reality (AR) eyewear with at least one array of individually-adjustable optical elements whose levels of light transmission and/or reflectivity are selectively and individually adjusted by application of electrical current, or by exposure to an electromagnetic field, via transparent (or translucent) electroconductive pathways. Optical elements in this array collectively comprise a section of a Fresnel Reflector which has been selected (e.g. extracted or âcut outâ) from the right side or the left side of a Fresnel Reflector.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/722,354 filed on 2022 Apr. 17. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/722,354 was a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/501,495 filed on 2021 Oct. 14. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/501,495 was a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/686,170 filed on 2019 Nov. 17. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/501,495 claimed the priority benefit of U.S. provisional patent application 63/192,664 filed on 2021 May 25. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/501,495 claimed the priority benefit of U.S. provisional patent application 63/212,054 filed on 2021 Jun. 17. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/686,170 claimed the priority benefit of U.S. provisional patent application 62/791,359 filed on 2019 Jan. 11. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/686,170 was a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/175,924 filed on 2018 Oct. 31 which issued as U.S. patent Ser. No. 10/859,834 on 2020 Dec. 8. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/175,924 claimed the priority benefit of U.S. provisional patent application 62/751,076 filed on 2018 Oct. 26. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/175,924 claimed the priority benefit of U.S. provisional patent application 62/749,775 filed on 2018 Oct. 24. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/175,924 claimed the priority benefit of U.S. provisional patent application 62/746,487 filed on 2018 Oct. 16. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/175,924 claimed the priority benefit of U.S. provisional patent application 62/720,171 filed on 2018 Aug. 21. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/175,924 claimed the priority benefit of U.S. provisional patent application 62/716,507 filed on 2018 Aug. 9. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/175,924 claimed the priority benefit of U.S. provisional patent application 62/714,684 filed on 2018 Aug. 4. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/175,924 claimed the priority benefit of U.S. provisional patent application 62/703,025 filed on 2018 Jul. 25. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/175,924 claimed the priority benefit of U.S. provisional patent application 62/699,800 filed on 2018 Jul. 18. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/175,924 claimed the priority benefit of U.S. provisional patent application 62/695,124 filed on 2018 Jul. 8. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/175,924 was a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/942,498 filed on 2018 Mar. 31 which issued as U.S. patent Ser. No. 1085983410338400 on 2019 Jul. 2. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/175,924 claimed the priority benefit of U.S. provisional patent application 62/646,856 filed on 2018 Mar. 22. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/175,924 claimed the priority benefit of U.S. provisional patent application 62/638,087 filed on 2018 Mar. 3. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/175,924 claimed the priority benefit of U.S. provisional patent application 62/624,699 filed on 2018 Jan. 31.

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/942,498 claimed the priority benefit of U.S. provisional patent application 62/646,856 filed on 2018 Mar. 22. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/942,498 claimed the priority benefit of U.S. provisional patent application 62/638,087 filed on 2018 Mar. 3. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/942,498 claimed the priority benefit of U.S. provisional patent application 62/624,699 filed on 2018 Jan. 31. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/942,498 claimed the priority benefit of U.S. provisional patent application 62/572,328 filed on 2017 Oct. 13. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/942,498 claimed the priority benefit of U.S. provisional patent application 62/563,798 filed on 2017 Sep. 27. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/942,498 claimed the priority benefit of U.S. provisional patent application 62/561,834 filed on 2017 Sep. 22. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/942,498 claimed the priority benefit of U.S. provisional patent application 62/528,331 filed on 2017 Jul. 3.

The entire contents of these related applications are incorporated herein by reference.

FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH

Not Applicable

SEQUENCE LISTING OR PROGRAM

Not Applicable

BACKGROUND

Field of Invention

This invention relates to optical structures for augmented reality eyewear.

Introduction

Augmented Reality (AR) eyewear allows a person to simultaneously see their environment and virtual objects displayed in their field of vision. Augmented Reality (also called âMixed Realityâ) can include simulated interactions between virtual objects and real objects in a person's environment. Augmented reality has numerous potential applications in the fields of commerce and shopping, defense, diet and nutritional improvement, education, engineering, entertainment, exploration, gaming, interior design, maintenance, manufacturing, medicine, movies, navigation and transportation, public safety, socializing, and sports.

There has been considerable progress toward the creation of Augmented Reality (AR) eyewear which allows a person to see their environment and virtual objects displayed in their field of vision, but challenges remain. For example, see-through augmented reality eyewear in the prior art does not appear to selectively block environmental light in the area of a displayed virtual object. As a result, environmental light shines through projected virtual objects, making the virtual objects look transparent and âghost like.â This is particularly troublesome in bright environments. Also, augmented reality eyewear in the prior art tends to be bulky. There is a need for compact augmented reality (AR) eyewear designs which project relatively-opaque high-resolution virtual objects in a person's field of view.

REVIEW OF THE RELEVANT ART

U.S. patent application 20200301239 (Akkaya et al., Sep. 24, 2020, âVarifocal Display with Fixed-Focus Lensâ) discloses a display with a projector, an optical waveguide, a fixed-focus lens, and a variable-focus lens. U.S. patent application 20210026138 (Alasaarela et al., Jan. 28, 2021, âProjection Device and Projection Method for Head Mounted Display Based on Rotary MEMS Fast Scannerâ) discloses a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) coupled to a microscopic mirror. U.S. patent application 20190371065 (Anders et al., Dec. 5, 2019, âAugmented Reality Maskingâ) discloses masks for the portion of a scene which is not processed for viewing via augmented reality.

U.S. patent application 20160161740 (Bar-Zeev et al., Jun. 9, 2016, âAutomatic Variable Virtual Focus for Augmented Reality Displaysâ) discloses an augmented reality display wherein a user's focal region is tracked and a virtual object is displayed in that region. U.S. patent application 20160189432 (Bar-Zeev et al., Jun. 30, 2016, âAutomatic Focus Improvement for Augmented Reality Displaysâ) discloses a see-through display with a variable focus lens. U.S. patent applications 20190228586 (Bar-Zeev et al., Jul. 25, 2019, âOpacity Filter for Display Deviceâ) and 20190378338 (Bar-Zeev et al., Dec. 12, 2019, âOpacity Filter for Display Deviceâ) disclose an optical see-through head-mounted display with a see-through lens and an opacity filter is used to selectively block portions of the real-world scene.

U.S. patent application 20200026076 (Beckman, Jan. 23, 2020, âAugmented Reality Display Systems with Variable, Directional Light Transmission Enhancing Virtual Images at an Observation Pointâ) discloses a matrix of light-augmenting pixels in a variable-transmission semi-transparent screen. U.S. patent application 20210055560 (Ben Tez et al., Feb. 25, 2021, âCompact Optics in Crossed Configuration for Virtual and Mixed Realityâ) discloses an optical system with channels which generate immersive virtual images. U.S. patent application 20200334907 (Bender et al., Oct. 22, 2020, âDynamic Partition of Augmented Reality Regionâ) discloses boundary dimension values for different areas relative to a reference geographic location.

U.S. patent applications 20180182150 (Benishti et al., Jun. 28, 2018, âCombining Video-Based and Optic-Based Augmented Reality in a Near Eye Displayâ), 20190043238 (Benishti et al., Feb. 7, 2019, âCombining Video-Based and Optic-Based Augmented Reality in a Near Eye Displayâ), and 20190273916 (Benishti et al., Sep. 5, 2019, âCombining Video-Based and Optic-Based Augmented Reality in a Near Eye Displayâ) disclose an array of variably-transparent pixels. U.S. patent application 20210041704 (Bhargava et al., Feb. 11, 2021, âEyepieces for Augmented Reality Display Systemâ) discloses a waveguide, an optically transmissive substrate, an input coupling grating, a multi-directional pupil expander, and an exit pupil expander. U.S. patent application 20190090766 (Block et al., Mar. 28, 2019, âConcentric Architecture for Optical Sensingâ) discloses an electronic device with optical sensing and a concentric architecture.

U.S. patent application 20180348524 (Blum et al., Dec. 6, 2018, âReleasably Attachable Augmented Reality System for Eyewearâ) discloses an Augmented Reality apparatus which uses existing eyewear as an attachment platform. U.S. patent application 20190265476 (Blum et al., Aug. 29, 2019, âSee-Through Near Eye Optical Moduleâ) discloses a semi-transparent near eye optical module with a transparent sparsely populated near eye display comprising a plurality of pixels or pixel patches and a sparsely populated micro-lens array. U.S. patent application 20200012110 (Blum et al., Jan. 9, 2020, âAugmented Reality or Mixed Reality System for Eyewearâ) discloses a see-through display with a micro-lens array. U.S. patent application 20210055563 (Bouchier et al., Feb. 25, 2021, âMethods and Systems for Augmented Realityâ) discloses a see-through tunable holographic mirror or tunable LCD array mirror.

U.S. patent applications 20170285347 (Cai et al., Oct. 5, 2017, âAugmented/Virtual Reality Near-Eye Displays with Edge Imaging Lens Comprising A Plurality of Display Devicesâ), 20190331923 (Cai et al., Oct. 31, 2019, âAugmented/Virtual Reality Near-Eye Displays with Edge Imaging Lens Comprising a Plurality of Display Devicesâ), and 20190331924 (Cai et al., Oct. 31, 2019, âAugmented/Virtual Reality Near-Eye Displays with Edge Imaging Lens Comprising a Plurality of Display Devicesâ) disclose a lens with a beam-splitting interface which is horizontal along the width of the lens.

U.S. patent application 20190101764 (Cakmakci, Apr. 4, 2019, âHead-Worn Augmented Reality Displayâ) discloses a combiner and a microdisplay device, wherein the combiner has a curved transparent structure and a reflective surface. U.S. patent application 20200132919 (Cakmakci, Apr. 30, 2020, âCurved Optical See-Through Thin Freeform Lightguide with Large Field of View in Eyewear Formfactorâ) discloses a lightguide, a microdisplay, and a field lens positioned therebetween that directs light from the microdisplay into a top surface of the lightguide. U.S. patent application 20200124858 (Cakmakci, Apr. 23, 2020, âFreeform Head Mounted Displayâ) discloses lenses having a combined optical power to form a curved intermediate image.

U.S. patent Ser. No. 10/768,451 (Carlson, Sep. 8, 2020, âDiffusers in Wearable Devicesâ) discloses a diffuser that diffuses light in a radial anisotropic diffusion pattern or a prism-like diffusion pattern. U.S. patent applications 20160335806 (Chan et al., Nov. 17, 2016, âReprojection OLED Display for Augmented Reality Experiencesâ) and 20170345217 (Chan et al., Nov. 30, 2017, âReprojection OLED Display for Augmented Reality Experiencesâ) disclose methods for displaying virtual images in an augmented reality environment at a frame rate that is greater than a rendering frame rate. U.S. patent applications 20190348460 (Chen et al., Nov. 14, 2019, âMulti-Photodiode Pixel Cellâ) and 20190378872 (Chen et al., Dec. 12, 2019, âMulti-Photodiode Pixel Cellâ) disclose a semiconductor substrate including first and second photodiodes and a barrier layer between the photodiodes, wherein the photodiodes and the barrier layer form a stack. U.S. patent application 20210088795 (Cheng et al., Mar. 25, 2021, âWide Angle and High Resolution Tiled Head-Mounted Display Deviceâ) discloses a tiled head-mounted display with a plurality of prisms with free-form surfaces.

U.S. patent application 20200348514 (Chi et al., Nov. 5, 2020, âWaveguide Including Volume Bragg Gratingsâ) discloses a waveguide with Volume Bragg Gratings (VBGs). U.S. patent application 20210055551 (Chi et al., Feb. 25, 2021, âDispersion Compensation in Volume Bragg Grating-Based Waveguide Displayâ) discloses a waveguide with a substrate transparent to visible light, a coupler configured to couple display light into the substrate as a guided wave in the substrate, a first VBG, and a second VBG. U.S. patent application 20210055552 (Chi et al., Feb. 25, 2021, âMultiple Projector Field-Of-View Stitched Waveguide Displayâ) discloses a waveguide display with two light projectors.

U.S. patent application 20200117005 (Chi et al., Apr. 16, 2020, âWaveguide for Conveying Multiple Portions of Field of Viewâ) discloses a waveguide for conveying light carrying an image. U.S. patent application 20200225479 (Chi et al., Jul. 16, 2020, âVolume Bragg Gratings for Near-Eye Waveguide Displayâ) discloses a waveguide display with a substrate which is transparent to visible light, a coupler configured to couple display light into the substrate such that the display light propagates within the substrate through total internal reflection, a first multiplexed volume Bragg grating (VBG) on the substrate, and a second multiplexed VBG on the substrate. U.S. patent application 20200257065 (Chi et al., Aug. 13, 2020, âDispersion Compensation for Light Coupling Through Slanted Facet of Optical Waveguideâ) discloses a pupil expander with a waveguide having a slanted facet.

U.S. patent application 20190129213 (Cho et al., May 2, 2019, âDisplay Apparatusâ) discloses a display apparatus with a liquid crystal panel and a shutter panel. U.S. patent application 20190158810 (Cho et al., May 23, 2019, âMulti-Lens Based Capturing Apparatus and Methodâ) discloses a multi-lens capturing apparatus. U.S. patent application 20190094537 (Choi et al., Mar. 28, 2019, âDisplay Deviceâ) discloses a display device with a plurality of diffractive optical elements which are each configured to emit light guided through a light guide plate to a user. U.S. patent application 20190187472 (Choi et al., Jun. 20, 2019, âOptical System and Wearable Display Apparatus Having the Sameâ) discloses an optical system with a first waveguide, a transmissive reflective layer on the first waveguide, a second waveguide on the transmissive reflective layer, an in-coupler, and an out-coupler. U.S. patent application 20210003848 (Choi et al., Jan. 7, 2021, âElectronic Device and Method for Displaying Augmented Realityâ) discloses an optical engine; a first polarizer, a polarization converter, a waveguide, a focus tunable lens, and a second polarizer.

U.S. patent application 20180284441 (Cobb, Oct. 4, 2018, âWide Field Head Mounted Displayâ) discloses an optical apparatus with a concave spherical mirror that has a center of curvature at the viewer's pupil. U.S. patent application 20210112647 (Coleman, Apr. 15, 2021, âAngularly Varying Light Emitting Device with an Imagerâ) discloses an angularly varying light emitting device (AVLED). U.S. patent application 20190377186 (Collins, Dec. 12, 2019, âSystems and Methods for Augmented Reality Displayâ) discloses an augmented reality system with a power source, a sensor array, a lens, and a projector. U.S. patent application 20200408981 (Curtis et al., Dec. 31, 2020, âDisplay System Having a Plurality of Light Pipes for a Plurality of Light Emittersâ) discloses a display system with a plurality of light pipes and light sources which send light into the light pipes.

U.S. patent application 20210055561 (Danziger et al., Feb. 25, 2021, âNear-Eye Display Having Overlapping Projector Assembliesâ) discloses a display with at least two projectors. U.S. patent application 20200166756 (DeLapp et al., May 28, 2020, âDisplays with Volume Phase Gratingsâ) and U.S. Pat. No. 11,467,407 (DeLapp et al., Oct. 11, 2022, âDisplays with Volume Phase Gratingsâ) discloses input and output couplers made from volume phase holographic gratings. U.S. patent application 20210066574 (Diest et al., Mar. 4, 2021, âStructured Actuators: Shaped Electroactive Polymersâ) discloses an electroactive polymer layer with a non-axisymmetric shape. U.S. patent application 20150036223 (Dobschal et al., Feb. 5, 2015, âDisplay Device Comprising Multifunction Glass, Production Method and Optical Element Having a Fresnel Structureâ) discloses a multifunction optical element with a Fresnel structure for out coupling.

U.S. patent application 20200303151 (Du et al., Sep. 24, 2020, âMethod and System for Adjusting Focal Point Positionâ) discloses ways to adjust a focal point posit

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The entire contents of these related applications are incorporated herein by reference.

FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH

Not Applicable

SEQUENCE LISTING OR PROGRAM

Not Applicable

BACKGROUND

Field of Invention

This invention relates to optical structures for augmented reality eyewear.

Introduction

REVIEW OF THE RELEVANT ART

U.S. patent application 20200303151 (Du et al., Sep. 24, 2020, âMethod and System for Adjusting Focal Point Positionâ) discloses ways to adjust a focal point position of an X-ray tube. U.S. patent application 20190107719 (Edwin et al., Apr. 11, 2019, âAugmented Reality Display Comprising Eyepiece Having a Transparent Emissive Displayâ) discloses an augmented reality head-mounted display system with a transparent emissive display. U.S. patent application 20210055466 (Eisenfeld, Feb. 25, 2021, âProjector Configuration with Subdivided Optical Aperture for Near-Eye Displays, and Corresponding Optical Systemsâ) discloses a system for displaying a projected image with a light-guide optical element having two major parallel surfaces and a projected image collimated to infinity.

U.S. patent application 20190235281 (Etzkorn et al., Aug. 1, 2019, âEye-Mountable Device to Provide Automatic Accommodation and Method of Making Sameâ) discloses an eye-mountable device with a lens enclosure, liquid crystal material, first and second electrodes, a substrate, and a controller. U.S. patent Ser. No. 10/690,986 (Firka et al., Jun. 23, 2020, âElectronic Devices Having Electrically Adjustable Optical Shuttersâ) discloses an electrically adjustable shutter. U.S. patent application 20190227305 (Fortin-Desch Nes et al., Jul. 25, 2019, âOptical Arrangements Including Fresnel Lens Elementsâ) discloses an optical lens arrangement with a first Fresnel lens element and a second lens element.

U.S. patent application 20190235252 (Freedman et al., Aug. 1, 2019, âMethod and System for Large Field of View Display with Scanning Mirror Having Optical Powerâ) discloses an image display system with light sources which are configured to emit uncollimated light and also an eyepiece waveguide having an input port which receives beams of light at differing angles. U.S. patent application 20190339528 (Freeman et al., Nov. 7, 2019, âWearable Image Manipulation and Control System with High Resolution Micro-Displays and Dynamic Opacity Augmentation in Augmented Reality Glassesâ) discloses a mixed reality display with dynamic opacity.

U.S. patent application 20190385342 (Freeman et al., Dec. 19, 2019, âWearable Image Manipulation and Control System with Micro-Displays and Augmentation of Vision and Sensing in Augmented Reality Glassesâ) discloses a wearable mixed reality system comprising a camera and an image projection system. U.S. patent application 20200301151 (Freedman et al., Sep. 24, 2020, âMethod and System for Large Field of View Display with Scanning Mirror Having Optical Powerâ) discloses a display system with a plurality of light sources and a waveguide having an input port configured to receive beams of light at differing angles.

U.S. patent application 20210080726 (Geng et al., Mar. 18, 2021, âDisplay Device with Diffusive Display and See-Through Lens Assemblyâ) discloses a display which is configured to output diffused image light from a first surface and to transmit ambient light from a second surface to the first surface. U.S. patent application 20210080739 (Geng et al., Mar. 18, 2021, âShort Distance Illumination of a Spatial Light Modulator Using a Pancake Lens Assemblyâ) discloses a light source, a spatial light modulator (SLM), a first reflective surface, and a second reflective surface that is opposite to the first reflective surface. U.S. patent applications 20210080721 (Geng et al., Mar. 18, 2021, âThin See-Through Pancake Lens Assembly and Display Device Including the Sameâ) and 20210080722 (Geng et al., Mar. 18, 2021, âCurved See-Through Pancake Lens Assembly and Display Device Including the Sameâ) disclose an optical assembly which transmits image light received at a first surface in an optical path that includes reflection at each of a reflector and a beam splitter before the image light is output from a second surface.

U.S. patent application 20190101767 (Geng et al., Apr. 4, 2019, âFresnel Assembly for Light Redirection in Eye Tracking Systemsâ) discloses a head-mounted device with a display element, a Fresnel assembly, an illumination source, and a camera assembly. U.S. patent application 20200371388 (Geng et al., Nov. 26, 2020, âOptical Waveguide Beam Splitter with Extraction Features for Displayâ) discloses an optical device with a spatial light modulator and an optical waveguide. U.S. patent application 20200371280 (Geng et al., Nov. 26, 2020, âOptical Waveguide Beam Splitter with Polarization Volume Gratings for Displayâ) discloses an optical device for providing illumination light with a waveguide and a plurality of polarization selective elements.

U.S. patent application 20200348518 (Georgiou et al., Nov. 5, 2020, âNear-Eye Peripheral Display Deviceâ) discloses a head-mounted, near-eye display device with a central display and a peripheral display. U.S. patent Ser. No. 11/086,143 (Gill et al., Aug. 10, 2021, âTunable and Foveated Lens Systemsâ) discloses eyeglasses with adjustable lenses that align with a user's eye. U.S. patent application 20160178910 (Giudicelli et al., Jun. 23, 2016, âOptical Projection Device for Display Means Such as Augmented Reality Glassesâ) discloses augmented reality glasses with a planar optical guide, at least two input optics, and at least two collimation elements. U.S. patent application 20210063606 (Glik et al., Mar. 4, 2021, âMetasurface Optical Coupling Elements for a Display Waveguideâ) discloses a waveguide display with a light-transmissive substrate and an optical coupling element configured to input light rays to the substrate or output light rays from the substrate.

U.S. patent application 20190282399 (Goetz, Sep. 19, 2019, âUltrasonic Ophthalmic Deviceâ) discloses an ophthalmic device with an ultrasonic transducer, an accommodation actuator, and a controller. U.S. patent application 20190353906 (Gollier et al., Nov. 21, 2019, âOptical Assembly with Polarization Volume Holographic Elementâ) discloses an optical assembly with a partial reflector that is optically coupled with a first polarization volume holographic element. U.S. patent application 20200371387 (Gollier et al., Nov. 26, 2020, âOptical Waveguide Beam Splitter with Reflective Polarizers for Displayâ) discloses an optical device with a waveguide and a plurality of reflective polarizers. U.S. patent application 20200393910 (Gribetz et al., Dec. 17, 2020, âExtramissive Spatial Imaging Digital Eye Glass Apparatuses, Methods and Systems for Virtual or Augmediated Vision, Manipulation, Creation, or Interaction with Objects, Materials, or Other Entitiesâ) discloses a first phenomenon interface a first augmediated-reality space, a second phenomenon interface, and a second augmediated-reality space, implemented as an extramissive spatial imaging digital eye glass.

U.S. patent application 20180143427 (Griffin et al., May 24, 2018, âOptical System for a Display with an Off Axis Projectorâ) discloses an optical projection system that presents a displayed virtual image at a predetermined distance in front of a viewing position. U.S. patent Ser. No. 10/215,698 (Han et al., Feb. 29, 2019, âMultiple Light Paths Architecture and Obscuration Methods for Signal and Perfusion Index Optimizationâ) disclose a photoplethysmographic device with one or more light emitters and one or more light sensors. U.S. patent application 20200174255 (Hollands et al., Jun. 4, 2020, âOptical Systems with Multi-Layer Holographic Combinersâ) discloses first hologram structures that replicate light over multiple output angles onto second hologram structures.

U.S. patent application 20190331918 (Hong, Oct. 31, 2019, âDisplay System and Image Display Methodâ) discloses a display, a waveguide, an image acquisition device, and a calibration device. U.S. patent application 20130077175 (Hotta et al., Mar. 28, 2013, âDisplay Deviceâ) discloses a display device with an image projection unit, an optical unit, and a mounting unit. U.S. patent application 20200393736 (Hu, Dec. 17, 2020, âDisplay Glasses Using Meta-Surface Planar Lens Integrated with Liquid Lensâ) discloses an integrated lens with a planar lens and a liquid lens. U.S. patent application 20200209626 (Huang et al., Jul. 2, 2020, âNear-Eye Augmented Reality Deviceâ) discloses a near-eye augmented reality device with imaging unit portions having birefringence and positive diopter, a lighting unit, and a polarization-control unit.

U.S. patent application 20200081252 (Jamali et al., Mar. 12, 2020, âPolarization-Sensitive Components in Optical Systems for Large Pupil Acceptance Anglesâ) discloses an eye tracking module and optical elements combined to allow changes in the positions of one or both eyes. U.S. patent applications 20200192152 (Jamali et al., Jun. 18, 2020, âOptical System Using Segmented Phase Profile Liquid Crystal Lensesâ) and 20210240036 (Jamali et al., Aug. 5, 2021, âOptical System Using Segmented Phase Profile Liquid Crystal Lensesâ) disclose an adaptive lens which is coupled to an electronic display between an electronic display and a user's eyes.

U.S. patent application 20180164882 (Johnson et al., Jun. 14, 2018, âElectronic Device with Adjustable Reflective Displayâ) discloses a tracking system that gathers point-of-gaze information, vergence information, and head position information. U.S. patent application 20210080906 (Jolly et al., Mar. 18, 2021, âNear-To-Eye and See-Through Holographic Displaysâ) discloses a holographic display with space-multiplexed elemental modulators, each of which consists of a surface acoustic wave transducer atop an anisotropic waveguide. U.S. patent application 20210072541 (Kim et al., Mar. 11, 2021, âElectronic Device and Method for Controlling Electronic Deviceâ) discloses a display, a speaker, and a communication module. U.S. patent application 20180231784 (Koudsi et al., Aug. 16, 2018, âOptical Display System for Augmented Reality and Virtual Realityâ) discloses optical display systems and methods for providing three-dimensional and two-dimensional convergence corrected images to a user.

U.S. patent application 20200041798 (Kress et al., Feb. 6, 2020, âHead Wearable Display Using Powerless Optical Combinerâ) discloses a lightguide with internal optical elements that redirect the light with an expanded cross-section size that is larger than the initial cross-section size. U.S. patent application 20190278092 (Kuo et al., Sep. 12, 2019, âAugmented Reality Display System and Display Method Thereofâ) discloses an augmented reality display system with an input unit, an operation processing unit, and an output unit. U.S. patent application 20210074067 (Kwon et al., Mar. 11, 2021, âElectronic Device for Displaying Object for Augmented Reality and Operation Method Thereforâ) discloses selecting an augmented reality (AR) object based on received music. U.S. patent application 20190361245 (Lanman et al., Nov. 28, 2019, âAugmented Reality Head-Mounted Display with a Fresnel Combiner and Pupil Steeringâ) discloses a head-mounted display with a light projector and a Fresnel combiner.

U.S. patent application 20190162950 (Lapstun, May 30, 2019, âHead-Mounted Light Field Displayâ) by the genius from down under discloses a head-mounted light field display device with at least one multiplexed light field display module adapted to face an eye of a viewer wearing the device, the multiplexed light field display module comprising a light field view image generator and a waveguide with a set of shutters. U.S. patent application 20190293938 (Le Saux et al., Sep. 26, 2019, âMethod for Providing a Display Unit for an Electronic Information Deviceâ) discloses a display device with an optical element having a nonzero optical power. U.S. patent applications 20180172995 (Lee et al., Jun. 21, 2018, âWaveguide Display with a Small Form Factor, a Large Field of View, and a Large Eyeboxâ), 20190107723 (Lee et al., Apr. 11, 2019, âWaveguide Display with a Small Form Factor, a Large Field of View, and a Large Eyeboxâ), and 20200142202 (Lee et al., May 7, 2020, âWaveguide Display with a Small Form Factor, a Large Field of View, and a Large Eyeboxâ) disclose a device with a waveguide display and one or more projectors which project an image light at least along one dimension.

U.S. patent application 20190265515 (Lee et al., Aug. 29, 2019, âFailsafe Operation of Eye-Mountable Deviceâ) discloses an eye-mountable device with an optical lens, an accommodation actuator to provide vision accommodation for the optical lens, and a controller including an accommodation logic to select one of a plurality of vision accommodation states for the device. U.S. patent application 20190294109 (Lee et al., Sep. 26, 2019, âHolographic Display Deviceâ) discloses a holographic display with a backlight unit for emitting light and a spatial light modulator. U.S. patent application 20210109352 (Lee et al., Apr. 15, 2021, âSee-Through Type Display Device and Glasses Type Augmented Reality Device Including the Sameâ) discloses a see-through display with a light coupling lens with an aspherical surface.

U.S. patent application 20200271936 (Leibovici et al., Aug. 27, 2020, âNear-Eye Display System Having Optical Combinerâ) discloses a device with an optical waveguide and a plurality of grating structures having variable grating periods or slant angles. U.S. patent application 20210191125 (Li et al., Jun. 24, 2021, âDisplay with Holographic Relay and Holographic Image Combinerâ) discloses a device with an image source, a holographic relay, and a holographic image combiner in an off-axis configuration. U.S. patent application 20200033693 (Lu et al., Jan. 30, 2020, âVarifocal System Using Hybrid Tunable Liquid Crystal Lensesâ) discloses a varifocal system with a stacked first-type liquid crystal lens and a stacked second-type LC lens in series. U.S. patent application 20210096391 (Ma et al., Apr. 1, 2021, âHolographic Display, Holographic Display Device and Display Method Thereofâ) discloses a holographic display with a central display area and at least one annular tiled display area around the central display area.

U.S. patent application 20140003762 (Macnamara, Jan. 2, 2014, âMultiple Depth Plane Three-Dimensional Display Using a Wave Guide Reflector Array Projectorâ) discloses a two-dimensional array of linear wave guides and 2D planar wave guide assemblies. U.S. patent applications 20210011290 (Maimone et al., Jan. 14, 2021, âMethod to Reduce Diffraction Artifacts in a Waveguide Display and Display Using the Sameâ) and 20210215938 (Maimone et al., Jul. 15, 2021, âMethod to Reduce Diffraction Artifacts in a Waveguide Display and Display Using the Sameâ) disclose a waveguide with at least one switchable grating configured to: during a virtual-world subframe of a display frame, decouple the image light out of the waveguide via diffraction, and during a real-world subframe of the display frame, transmit a light from a real-world environment to the eye-box.

U.S. patent application 20200249480 (Martinez et al., Aug. 6, 2020, âMulti-Focal Catadioptric Head Mounted Display with LC Switchâ) discloses a beam splitter with a polarization beam splitting film and a mirror coating to generate two orthogonal polarization states with different optical paths. U.S. patent application 20190041232 (Maruyama et al., Feb. 7, 2019, âVehicular Display Deviceâ) discloses a vehicular display device which displays a guide route. U.S. patent application 20210088794 (Melville, Mar. 25, 2021, âWaveguide Display with Cantilevered Light Scannerâ) discloses glasses with an optical scanning system that protrudes through an opening in an eyepiece. U.S. patent application 20210080635 (Menezes et al., Mar. 18, 2021, âWaveguides Having Reflective Layers Formed by Reflective Flowable Materialsâ) discloses a surface of a waveguide that is contacted with a reflective flowable material.

U.S. patent application 20200400955 (Messer et al., Dec. 24, 2020, âEyepieces for Augmented Reality Display Systemâ) discloses an augmented reality display with an eyepiece waveguide with an input coupling grating region. U.S. patent application 20130021658 (Miao et al., Jan. 24, 2013, âCompact See-Through Display Systemâ) discloses an optical system with a display panel, an image former, a viewing window, a proximal beam splitter, and a distal beam splitter. U.S. patent application 20130314759 (Miao et al., Nov. 28, 2013, âCompact See-Through Display Systemâ) discloses an optical system with a display panel, an image former, a viewing window, a proximal beam splitter, and a distal beam splitter.

U.S. patent application 20210080730 (Morrison et al., Mar. 18, 2021, âTransparent Optical Module Using Pixel Patches and Associated Lensletsâ) discloses a transparent optical device comprising an optical architecture hierarchy. U.S. patent application 20200142109 (Olkkonen et al., May 7, 2020, âDisplay Element, Personal Display Device, Method of Producing an Image on a Personal Display and Useâ) discloses a lightguide that guides light by total internal reflection, a diffractive in-coupling grating, and a diffractive out-coupling grating. U.S. patent application 20210096380 (Osmanis et al., Apr. 1, 2021, âNear-Eye Display Apparatus and Method of Displaying Three-Dimensional Imagesâ) discloses projecting pairs of images associated with different cross-sectional planes of a three-dimensional image.

U.S. patent application 20210089129 (Osterhout et al., Mar. 25, 2021, âSee-Through Computer Display Systemsâ) discloses designs for see-through computer displays. U.S. patent application 20200064627 (Ouderkirk et al., Feb. 27, 2020, âIllumination Assembly with In-Field Micro Devicesâ) discloses a transparent substrate and a plurality of micro devices coupled to conductive pathways. U.S. patent application 20190294019 (Park et al., Sep. 26, 2019, âBeam Scanning Apparatus and Optical Apparatus Including the Sameâ) discloses a beam scanning apparatus with a reflective phased array device. U.S. patent application 20210255490 (Parsons et al., Aug. 19, 2021, âResonant Liquid Crystal Devicesâ) discloses a tunable liquid crystal device with a liquid crystal layer between a pair of reflectors.

U.S. patent application 20210072453 (Peng et al., Mar. 11, 2021, âDisplay with Switchable Retarder Arrayâ) discloses a waveguide, an array of tunable retarders, and a polarization selective optical element. U.S. patent application 20210109278 (Peroz et al., Apr. 15, 2021, âWaveguides Having Integrated Spacers, Waveguides Having Edge Absorbers, and Methods for Making the Sameâ) discloses a near-eye display comprising a stack of waveguides having integral spacers separating the waveguides. U.S. patent application 20210066402 (Pu et al., Mar. 4, 2021, âDisplay Substrate, Display Panel, and Manufacturing Method of Display Substrateâ) discloses a display with a base substrate, a first electrode, a light-emitting functional layer, and a second electrode. U.S. patent application 20200192095 (Puetz et al., Jun. 18, 2020, âEyeglass Lens for an Optical Imaging Element, and Augmented Reality Glassesâ) discloses a lens with a main body and at least one complementary element mounted on the main body.

U.S. patent application 20190025602 (Qin et al., Jan. 24, 2019, âCompact Near-Eye Display Optics for Augmented Realityâ) discloses an optical system with three filter stacks which convert light via circular polarization. U.S. patent application 20210055548 (Rao et al., Feb. 25, 2021, âReconfigurable Optics for Multi-Plane Heads-Up Displaysâ) discloses a display, a moveable optic, an optical element positioned between the display and the moveable optic, a lens actuator, and a display controller. U.S. patent application 20200345293 (Ras et al., Nov. 5, 2020, âDevice for Imaging Skinâ) discloses a skin imaging device. U.S. patent application 20200110268 (Robbins et al., Apr. 9, 2020, âCompact Optical System with MEMS Scanners for Image Generation and Object Trackingâ) discloses an optical system with micro electro mechanical system (MEMS) scanners to generate images and to scan the real world. U.S. patent application 20210063733 (Ronen, Mar. 4, 2021, âOptical System Including Light-Guide Optical Element with Partially-Reflective Internal Surfacesâ) discloses a light-guide optical element having a pair of parallel external surfaces and a set of mutually-parallel reflector surfaces.

U.S. patent application 20190391396 (Saarikko, Dec. 26, 2019, âTiled Waveguide Display with a Wide Field-Of-Viewâ) discloses a waveguide display with light sources, a source waveguide, an output waveguide, and a controller. U.S. patent application 20190285960 (Sasa et al., Sep. 19, 2019, âElectrochromic Device, Electronic Dimming Eyeglasses, Augmented Reality Eyeglasses, and Cameraâ) discloses an electrochromic device which is reversibly and controllably colored and decolored by electricity. U.S. patent application 20210103180 (Sears et al., Apr. 8, 2021, âPhotochromic Optical Elementâ) discloses an optical element with a first boundary layer, a second boundary layer, and liquid crystals co-mingled with oblong photochromic dye molecules. U.S. patent application 20220006987 (Seiler et al., Jan. 6, 2022, âMulti-Projector Display Architectureâ) discloses a headset display with multiple projector integrated circuits each coupled to a central processor.

U.S. patent application 20210051315 (Shamir et al., Feb. 18, 2021, âOptical Display, Image Capturing Device and Methods with Variable Depth of Fieldâ) discloses a pixelated illumination array and a fiber bundle. U.S. patent application 20180074248 (Shani et al., Mar. 15, 2018, âSlim Waveguide Coupling Apparatus and Methodâ) discloses an illumination structure with a discrete light source near a bottom surface of a waveguide and below a depression in a top surface thereof. U.S. patent application 20200259307 (Sharma et al., Aug. 13, 2020, âOptical Elements for Beam-Shaping and Illuminationâ) discloses a device with a light source, an optical element, and an encapsulant layer. U.S. patent application 20190377184 (Sharp et al., Dec. 12, 2019, âReverse-Order Crossed Pancake Lens with Index Gradient Structureâ) discloses a reverse-order crossed pancake lens block having an index gradient structure.

U.S. patent application 20190377183 (Sharp, Dec. 12, 2019, âReverse-Order Crossed Pancake Lens with a Shaped Polarizerâ) discloses a pancake lens block with a shaped reflective polarizer. U.S. patent application 20190377182 (Sharp, Dec. 12, 2019, âReverse-Order Crossed Pancake Lens with Azimuthal Compensationâ) discloses a pancake lens block with azimuthal compensation. U.S. patent application 20210055546 (Shin et al., Feb. 25, 2021, âImage Display Device Capable of Multi-Depth Expressionâ) discloses an display configured to modulate light to form an image, a light transmitting unit that transmits the image formed by the display device to eyes of a viewer and with a focusing member, and a driving unit. U.S. patent application 20210072585 (Shipton et al., Mar. 11, 2021, âMagnetic Field Driven Liquid Crystal Patterning Control Systemâ) discloses liquid crystal patterning control systems in which liquid crystals are aligned by magnetic fields.

U.S. patent application 20210072437 (Singh et al., Mar. 11, 2021, âDisplay Device with Diffraction Grating Having Reduced Polarization Sensitivityâ) discloses diffraction gratings which incouple or outcouple light of different polarizations. U.S. patent application 20220043323 (Skirlo et al., Feb. 10, 2022, âMethods and Systems for Optical Beam Steeringâ) discloses an optical beam steering device with a planar dielectric lens that collimates beams from different inputs in different directions. U.S. patent application 20190289284 (Smith et al., Sep. 19, 2019, âLight Field Capture and Rendering for Head-Mounted Displaysâ) discloses systems and methods for capturing and rendering light fields for head-mounted displays.

U.S. patent application 20190165052 (Son et al., May 30, 2019, âDisplay Device and Eyeglasses-Like Augmented Reality Device Using the Sameâ) discloses a display with a lower substrate, an upper substrate, an insulating layer over the lower substrate, and an organic light-emitting diode on the insulating layer. U.S. patent application 20200396431 (Stafford, Dec. 17, 2020, âFoveated Near to Eye Display System Using a Computational Freeform Lens via Spatial Light Modulation of a Laser Projected Image onto an Emissive Filmâ) discloses a projection system wherein light is projected through a spatial light modulator that contains a phase-only image of a Freeform Fourier Lens that is a combination of a Fresnel lens, an X-phase grating, a Y-phase grating, and a radial grating.

U.S. patent application 20180172999 (Sulai et al., Jun. 21, 2018, âMultifocal System with Polarizing Elementsâ) discloses a head-mounted display (HMD) with a multifocal block having one or more possible focal distances. U.S. patent application 20210080725 (Sulai et al., Mar. 18, 2021, âDisplay Device with Holographic Diffuser Display and See-Through Lens Assemblyâ) discloses an optical diffuser which outputs diffused image light having a same polarization as image light. U.S. patent application 20210080763 (Sulai et al., Mar. 18, 2021, âDisplay Device with Switchable Diffusive Display and See-Through Lens Assemblyâ) discloses a display having optically anisotropic molecules between a front surface and a back surface. U.S. patent applications 20210080724 (Sulai et al., Mar. 18, 2021, âDisplay Device with Transparent Emissive Display and See-Through Lens Assemblyâ) and 20210080763 (Sulai et al., Mar. 18, 2021, âDisplay Device with Switchable Diffusive Display and See-Through Lens Assemblyâ) disclose a display which outputs image light from a front surface and transmits ambient light from a back surface to the front surface.

U.S. patent application 20190227315 (Sun et al., Jul. 25, 2019, âSystems and Methods of Attenuating Light in a Displayâ) discloses a display with a first light source, a second light source, a movable mirror, and an attenuator. U.S. patent application 20190094550 (Takagi et al., Mar. 28, 2019, âVirtual Image Display Deviceâ) discloses a non-telecentric optical system with an image display unit. U.S. patent application 20180252917 (Takahashi et al., Sep. 6, 2018, âDisplay Image Projection Apparatus and Display Image Projection Systemâ) discloses a free-curved surface Fresnel mirror inside an HUD unit. U.S. patent application 20180252918 (Takahashi et al., Sep. 6, 2018, âDisplay Image Projection Systemâ) discloses an aspherical mirror or a free-curved surface mirror inside an HUD unit. U.S. patent application 20210103182 (Tan et al., Apr. 8, 2021, âDisplay Apparatus and Driving Method Thereofâ) discloses display panels which are substantially parallel to each other and spaced apart from each other along a depth direction.

U.S. patent application 20200271938 (Taylor et al., Aug. 27, 2020, âSuper-Resolution Scanning Display for Near-Eye Displaysâ) discloses a super-resolution scanning display with a light source, a conditioning assembly, and a scanning mirror assembly. U.S. patent application 20200301153 (Toleno et al., Sep. 24, 2020, âNear Eye Display (NED) Device Housing Shell Integrated with Molded Boss Clusters for Precision Mounting of Hardware Componentsâ) discloses a near-eye display device with a housing shell which is integrated with molded boss clusters. U.S. patent Ser. No. 11/215,829 (Topliss et al., Jan. 4, 2022, âDisplay Device with a Holographic Combinerâ) discloses an augmented reality headset with a reflective holographic combiner which directs light from a light engine into a user's eye while also transmitting light from the environment.

U.S. patent application 20210109433 (Trisnadi et al., Apr. 15, 2021, âLow-Profile Beam Splitterâ) discloses an optical device having a first surface, a second surface normal to the first surface, and a third surface at an angle to the second surface. U.S. patent application 20210018657 (Tsai et al., Jan. 21, 2021, âOptical Module Comprising Lens Assemblyâ) discloses a lens assembly with polymer layers, each layer with a lens portion and an extension portion and an image sensor positioned below the lens assembly.

U.S. patent application 20170299870 (Urey et al., Oct. 19, 2017, âApparatus for Generating a Coherent Beam Illuminationâ) discloses an apparatus which generates a coherent illumination beam. U.S. patent application 20170299869 (Urey et al., Oct. 19, 2017, âNear-to-Eye Display Deviceâ) discloses a near-to-eye display device with a spatial light modulator which modulates an illumination wave to create a virtual-scene wave that is steered to an exit pupil plane. U.S. patent application 20180003962 (Urey et al., Jan. 4, 2018, âNear-to-Eye Display Device with Variable Resolutionâ) discloses a near-to-eye display device with a spatial light modulator and a microdisplay. U.S. patent application 20180003981 (Urey, Jan. 4, 2018, âNear-to-Eye Display Device with Spatial Light Modulator and Pupil Trackerâ) discloses a near-to-eye display device with a spatial light modulator, a rotatable reflective optical element, and a pupil-tracking device.

U.S. patent application 20200166691 (Vartiainen et al., May 28, 2020, âDiffractive Grating with Variable Diffraction Efficiency and Method for Displaying an Imageâ) discloses an optical grating with a first zone and a second zone, each having a two-dimensionally periodic grating structure. U.S. patent application 20180100959 (Vasylyev, Apr. 12, 2018, âIllumination System Using Edge-Lit Waveguide and Microstructured Surfacesâ) discloses an apparatus for distributing light from a planar waveguide through an array of elongated surface relief features formed in a major surface of the waveguide. U.S. patent application 20210072821 (Von Und Zu Liechtenstein, Mar. 11, 2021, âApparatus and Method for Rendering a Virtual Monitor on Smart Ophthalmic Devices in Augmented Reality Environmentsâ) discloses a liquid lens, an optical phased array, and a dimmable occlusion matrix.

U.S. patent application 20210065427 (Wade, Mar. 4, 2021, âVirtual and Augmented Reality Using Light Fieldsâ) discloses communicating light field data to a user device, wherein the light field data comprises content greater than a display field of view of the user device. U.S. patent application 20200159026 (Waldern et al., May 21, 2020, âWearable Heads Up Displaysâ) discloses a display with a first waveguide, an input grating, a fold grating, an output grating, an image input image node assembly, and prismatic relay optics. U.S. patent application 20210063774 (Wang et al., Mar. 4, 2021, âEyeglassesâ) discloses eyeglasses with a rim, a temple, a control circuit or battery, and a rotating shaft connecting the rim and temple. U.S. patent application 20210072559 (Wang et al., Mar. 11, 2021, âEyeglassesâ) discloses an eyeglass frame and two speakers. U.S. patent application 20210088700 (Wang et al., Mar. 25, 2021, âVarifocal Polarization Sensitive Diffusive Displayâ) discloses a variofocal display with an image source and a display.

U.S. patent application 20210033790 (Ward et al., Feb. 4, 2021, âMEMS-Driven Optical Package with Micro-Led Arrayâ) discloses an optical output lens, an optical filter between the output lens and LEDS, a tray of LEDs arrayed on a stage. U.S. patent application 20200336731 (Welch et al., Oct. 22, 2020, âLight Projector Using an Acousto-Optical Control Deviceâ) discloses using surface acoustic waves along a substrate to guide image light to different areas. U.S. patent application 20210055580 (Wells et al., Feb. 25, 2021, âTransparent Phase Change Actuatorâ) discloses a transparent optical element with electroactive ceramic between transparent electrodes.

U.S. patent applications 20180074320 (Wheelwright et al., Mar. 15, 2018, âDynamic Draft for Fresnel Lensesâ), 20180074323 (Wheelwright et al., Mar. 15, 2018, âFresnel Lens with Dynamic Draft for Reduced Optical Artifactsâ), and 20180074325 (Wheelwright et al., Mar. 15, 2018, âFresnel Lens with Dynamic Pitchâ) disclose lenses with a plurality of Fresnel structures. U.S. patent application 20180074324 (Wheelwright et al., Mar. 15, 2018, âFresnel Lens with Dynamic Draft for Variable Gazeâ) discloses a lens configured for transmitting light in a first medium to a first reference pupil including an optically transparent substrate having a plurality of Fresnel structures. U.S. patent application 20180074319 (Wheelwright et al., Mar. 15, 2018, âHybrid Fresnel Lens with Increased Field of Viewâ) discloses a lens portion with a Fresnel surface profile. U.S. patent application 20180074318 (Wheelwright et al., Mar. 15, 2018, âHybrid Fresnel Lens with Reduced Artifactsâ) discloses a lens wherein a first portion of a first lens surface is defined by a smooth surface profile function and a second portion of the first lens surface is defined by a Fresnel surface profile function. U.S. patent application 20210096453 (Wheelwright et al., Apr. 1, 2021, âOptical Assemblies Having Polarization Volume Gratings for Projecting Augmented Reality Contentâ) discloses a display with an optical waveguide, a reflective optical element, and an in-coupler.

U.S. patent Ser. No. 10/962,783 (Wilson et al., Mar. 30, 2021, âElectronic Devices Having Electrically Adjustable Optical Layersâ) discloses an electrically-adjustable optical layer. U.S. patent applications 20140036361 (Woodgate et al., Feb. 6, 2014, âDirectionally Illuminated Waveguide Arrangementâ) and 20170139110 (Woodgate et al., May 18, 2017, âDirectionally Illuminated Waveguide Arrangementâ) disclose a light-guiding valve apparatus comprising an optical valve, a two dimensional light source array, and a focusing optic for providing large area collimated illumination from localized light sources.

U.S. patent applications 20200348522 (Xiao et al., Nov. 5, 2020, âWearable AR System, AR Display Device and Its Projection Source Moduleâ) and 20200371371 (Liang et al., Nov. 26, 2020, âWearable AR System, AR Display Device and Its Projection Source Moduleâ) disclose an augmented reality display comprising a projection source with a curved light outgoing surface. U.S. patent application 20200371362 (Xiao et al., Nov. 26, 2020, âWearable AR System and AR Display Deviceâ) discloses a projector, a first optical path having a first beamsplitter and a first reflector, and a second optical path having a second beamsplitter and a second reflector. U.S. patent application 20190352808 (Yoon et al., Nov. 21, 2019, âElectronically Functional Yarn and Textileâ) discloses integrating electronic functionality into textiles. U.S. patent application 20200333596 (Yoon et al., Oct. 22, 2020, âReflective Polarizer for Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality Displayâ) discloses a head-mounted display with a first reflective polarizer having a first optical surface and a second optical surface that is opposite to the first optical surface.

U.S. patent application 20210103145 (You et al., Apr. 8, 2021, âAugmented Reality Device Including Flat Combiner and Electronic Device Including the Sameâ) discloses a light source, a display comprising a plurality of pixels, and an optical combiner. U.S. patent application 20200355929 (Zhang et al., Nov. 12, 2020, âHolographic Optical Elements for Eye-Tracking Illuminationâ) discloses eye-tracking with a substrate transparent to visible light, an array of light sources in the substrate, and a holographic optical element coupled to the substrate. U.S. patent applications 20200281458 (Zimanyi, Sep. 10, 2020, âGuided Lens Design Exploration Method for a Progressive Lens Simulatorâ) and 20200281457 (Zimanyi, Sep. 10, 2020, âGuided Lens Design Exploration System for a Progressive Lens Simulatorâ) disclose a progressive lens simulator with an eye tracker.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This invention can be embodied in optical components for augmented reality (AR) eyewear which include an array of optical elements whose levels of light transmission and/or reflectivity can be selectively and individually adjusted by application of electrical current, or by exposure to an electromagnetic field, via electroconductive pathways in an array of transparent or translucent electroconductive pathways. This array of optical elements collectively comprise a section of a Fresnel Reflector. In an example, this section can be selected, extracted, or âcut outâ from a right side or a left side of a Fresnel Reflector. In an example, there can be one such array of optical elements and one such array of electroconductive pathways for each eye in augmented reality (AR) eyewear.

In an example, display-facing angles between individual optical elements in the array and the best-fitting plane of the overall array, respectively, can vary as a decreasing function of the distance between the optical elements and a display which projects virtual objects in the person's field of view. This design for optical components for augmented reality (AR) eyewear can project virtual objects which have greater opacity and higher resolution than is possible with augmented reality (AR) eyewear in the prior art.

INTRODUCTION TO THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 shows an example of prior art wherein a small-scale âPepper's Ghostâ design is placed front of an eye.

FIG. 2 shows an example of prior art wherein a smooth curved reflective surface is placed in front of an eye.

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CLAIMS

Claims ( 8 )

I claim:

1. Augmented reality eyewear comprising:

a light-emitting display;

an array of individually-adjustable transmissive-reflective optical elements, wherein the array of individually-adjustable transmissive-reflective optical elements collectively comprise a section of a Fresnel Reflector, wherein each optical element in the array has a first configuration which transmits a first level of light from the environment to the person's eye and reflects a second level of light from the display toward the person's eye, wherein each optical element in the array has a second configuration which transmits a third level of light from the environment to a person's eye and reflects a fourth level of light from the display toward the person's eye, wherein the third level is less than the first level, wherein the fourth level is greater than the second level, and wherein each optical element in the array can each be individually and selectively changed from the first configuration to the second configuration, or vice versa; and

an array of transparent or translucent electroconductive pathways, wherein each optical element in the array of optical elements can be individually and selectively changed from the first configuration to the second configuration, or vice versa, by exposure to electrical current and/or an electromagnetic field via one or more electroconductive pathways in the array of electroconductive pathways.

2. The augmented reality eyewear in claim 1 wherein the section of a Fresnel Reflector is a section of a right side or a left side of the Fresnel Reflector.

3. The augmented reality eyewear in claim 1 wherein the size of the section of a Fresnel Reflector is less than 25% of the overall size of the Fresnel Reflector.

4. The augmented reality eyewear in claim 1 wherein display-facing angles between best-fitting planes of optical elements and a best-fitting plane of the array of optical elements, respectively, are a linear function of distances from the optical elements to the display.

5. The augmented reality eyewear in claim 1 wherein display-facing angles between best-fitting planes of optical elements and a best-fitting plane of the array of optical elements, respectively, are a negative linear function of distances from the optical elements to the display.

6. The augmented reality eyewear in claim 1 wherein display-facing angles between best-fitting planes of optical elements and a best-fitting plane of the array of optical elements, respectively, are a quadratic function of distances from the optical elements to the display.

7. The augmented reality eyewear in claim 1 wherein an optical element in the array of optical elements is changed from the first configuration to the second configuration, or vice versa, by electrical current from one or more electroconductive pathways in the array of electroconductive pathways.

8. The augmented reality eyewear in claim 1 wherein an optical element in the array of optical elements is changed from the first configuration to the second configuration, or vice versa, by exposure to an electromagnetic field created by one or more electroconductive pathways in the array of electroconductive pathways.

US18/088,548

2017-07-03

2022-12-24

Augmented reality (AR) eyewear with a section of a fresnel reflector comprising individually-adjustable transmissive-reflective optical elements

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2038-04-30

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Augmented reality (AR) eyewear with a section of a fresnel reflector comprising individually-adjustable transmissive-reflective optical elements

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Holovisionsâ¢âadjustable and/or modular augmented reality (AR) eyewear with a movable transflective mirror and different viewing modes

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Augmented reality (or mixed reality) eyewear with see-through optical elements having individually-adjustable opacity/reflectivity levels

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Augmented Reality (or Mixed Reality) Eyewear with Multiple Image Displays per Eye

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Smart Glasses with a Movable Micromirror Array (MMA)Which Enables a Real Word Viewing Mode, a Virtual Reality Viewing Mode,and an Augmented Reality Viewing Mode

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Augmented reality eyewear with VAPE or wear technology

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Space-efficient optical structures for wide field-of-view augmented reality (AR) eyewear

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US16/686,170

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Augmented reality (AR) eyewear with at least one quasi Fresnel reflector (QFR)

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Augmented reality eyewear with âghost busterâ technology

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Augmented reality eyewear with âghost busterâ technology

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Augmented reality (AR) eyewear with a section of a fresnel reflector comprising individually-adjustable transmissive-reflective optical elements

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Augmented reality eyewear with âghost busterâ technology

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Holovisionsâ¢âadjustable and/or modular augmented reality (AR) eyewear with a movable transflective mirror and different viewing modes

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