Variational Quantum Operator Simulation

[2603.06013] Variational Quantum Operator Simulation Skip to main content Search Submit Donate Log in Search arXiv Press Enter to search · Advanced search Quantum Physics arXiv:2603.06013 (quant-ph) [Submitted on 6 Mar 2026 ( v1 ), last revised 15 Aug 2026 (this version, v2)] Title: Variational Quantum Operator Simulation Authors: Satoru Shoji , Kosuke Ito , Yukihiro Shimizu , Keisuke Fujii View a PDF of the paper titled Variational Quantum Operator Simulation, by Satoru Shoji and 3 other authors View PDF HTML (experimental) Abstract: Implementing time-evolution operators in shallow quantum circuits is important for quantum simulations. The standard method of Trotterization requires a large number of gates to achieve practical accuracy. Variational Quantum Simulation (VQS) is an algorithm that calculates the time evolution of a quantum state and can be executed with shallower circuits than Trotterization. However, the operator obtained by VQS evolves only a fixed initial state and is not the time evolution operator itself. In this paper, we propose Variational Quantum Operator Simulation (VQOS), a method to realize time evolution operators in shallow quantum circuits. This method is based on the variational principle for operators and does not require the implementation of the desired Trotter decomposition of the time evolution operator. We performed numerical simulations of the VQOS algorithm and successfully implemented the time evolution operator for closed systems in a quantum circuit that is up to 5 times shallower than the Trotterization. By providing a more practical way to implement time evolution operators, VQOS increases the applicability of near-term quantum computers. Comments: 12pages, 10 figures Subjects: Quantum Physics (quant-ph) Cite as: arXiv:2603.06013 [quant-ph] (or arXiv:2603.06013v2 [quant-ph] for this version) https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2603.06013 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite Journal reference: Phys. Rev. A 114, 022414 (2026) Related DOI : https://doi.org/10.1103/gv8m-gpdl Focus to learn more DOI(s) linking to related resources Submission history From: Yukihiro Shimizu [ view email ] [v1] Fri, 6 Mar 2026 08:08:07 UTC (1,148 KB) [v2] Sat, 15 Aug 2026 07:51:10 UTC (1,291 KB) Full-text links: Access Paper: View a PDF of the paper titled Variational Quantum Operator Simulation, by Satoru Shoji and 3 other authors View PDF HTML (experimental) TeX Source view license Current browse context: quant-ph < prev | next > new | recent | 2026-03 References & Citations INSPIRE HEP NASA ADS Google Scholar Semantic Scholar export BibTeX citation Loading... BibTeX formatted citation × loading... Data provided by: Bookmark Bibliographic Tools Bibliographic and Citation Tools Bibliographic Explorer Toggle Bibliographic Explorer ( What is the Explorer? ) Connected Papers Toggle Connected Papers ( What is Connected Papers? ) Litmaps Toggle Litmaps ( What is Litmaps? ) scite.ai Toggle scite Smart Citations ( What are Smart Citations? ) Code, Data, Media Code, Data and Media Associated with this Article alphaXiv Toggle alphaXiv ( What is alphaXiv? ) Links to Code Toggle CatalyzeX Code Finder for Papers ( What is CatalyzeX? ) DagsHub Toggle DagsHub ( What is DagsHub? ) GotitPub Toggle Gotit.pub ( What is GotitPub? ) Huggingface Toggle Hugging Face ( What is Huggingface? ) ScienceCast Toggle ScienceCast ( What is ScienceCast? ) Demos Demos Replicate Toggle Replicate ( What is Replicate? ) Spaces Toggle Hugging Face Spaces ( What is Spaces? ) Spaces Toggle TXYZ.AI ( What is TXYZ.AI? ) Related Papers Recommenders and Search Tools Link to Influence Flower Influence Flower ( What are Influence Flowers? ) Core recommender toggle CORE Recommender ( What is CORE? ) Author Venue Institution Topic About arXivLabs arXivLabs: experimental projects with community collaborators arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website. Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them. Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs . Which authors of this paper are endorsers? | Disable MathJax ( What is MathJax? ) We gratefully acknowledge support from our major funders , member institutions , , and all contributors. About · Help · Contact · Subscribe · Copyright · Privacy · Accessibility · Operational Status (opens in new tab) Major funding support from

Related documents

• A Schwinger-Keldysh Formulation of Semiclassical Operator Dynamics#684346
• A Schwinger-Keldysh Formulation of Semiclassical Operator Dynamics#682571
• Computing Spectral Properties of Differential Operators on Surfaces#1142074
• Near-Term Fermionic Simulation with Subspace Noise Tailored Quantum Error Mitigation#163104
• Quantum field theory at finite temperature: An Introduction#498852