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Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016

Kendra L. Russell, William J. Andrews, Vincent J. DiFrenna, J. Michael Norris, Robert R. Mason, K.L. Russell · U.S. Geological Survey

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Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016

Open-File Report 2024–1012

U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey

Calendar for Report Year 2016 S 6 13 20 27

3 10 17 24

December 2015 T W T

7 14 21 28

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January 2016 1 6 7 5 13 14 12 20 21 19 27 26 28

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June 2016 T W T

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March 2016 1 2 3 8 9 10

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April 2016 3 1 2 5 6 7

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Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015– November 30, 2016 By Kendra L. Russell, William J. Andrews, Vincent J. DiFrenna, J. Michael Norris, and Robert R. Mason, Jr.

Open-File Report 2024–1012

U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey

U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2024

For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment—visit https://www.usgs.gov or call 1–888–392–8545. For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit https://store.usgs.gov/ or contact the store at 1–888–275–8747. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this information product, for the most part, is in the public domain, it also may contain copyrighted materials as noted in the text. Permission to reproduce copyrighted items must be secured from the copyright owner. Suggested citation: Russell, K.L., Andrews, W.J., DiFrenna, V.J., Norris, J.M., and Mason, R.R., Jr., 2024, Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2024–1012, 105 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20241012. ISSN 0196-1497 (print) ISSN 2331-1258 (online)

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River Master Letter of Transmittal and Special Report Office of the Delaware River Master U.S. Geological Survey 415 National Center Reston, VA 20192 May 22, 2024 The Honorable John G. Roberts, Jr. Chief Justice of the United States The Honorable John Carney Governor of Delaware The Honorable Phil Murphy Governor of New Jersey The Honorable Kathy Hochul Governor of New York The Honorable Josh Shapiro Governor of Pennsylvania The Honorable Eric Adams Mayor of the City of New York No. 5, Original—October Term, 1950 State of New Jersey, Complainant, v. State of New York and City of New York, Defendants, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and State of Delaware, Intervenors.

To the Chief Justice of the United States: For the record, and in compliance with the provisions of the Amended Decree of the Supreme Court of the United States entered June 7, 1954, I am transmitting the 63rd Annual Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for December 1, 2015, to November 30, 2016. In this report, this period is referred to as the River Master “report year.” During the report year, monthly precipitation in the upper Delaware River Basin ranged from 41 percent of the long-term average in March 2016 to 164 percent of the long-term average in February 2016. Precipitation from December to May, when reservoirs typically refill, was 17.55 inches. Precipitation was below normal in January, March, April, May, June, September, October, and November and above normal in the other 4 months. When the report year began on December 1, 2015, combined useable storage in the New York City reservoirs in the upper Delaware River Basin was 193.475 billion gallons or 71.4 percent of combined storage capacity. The combined storage in the Pepacton, Cannonsville, and Neversink Reservoirs increased from December 1, 2015, to late May 2016. Reservoir storage decreased from late May through November 30, 2016. The combined usable storage was 107.901 billion gallons at the end of the report year on November 30, 2016. The Delaware River Basin Commission (DRBC) issued a basinwide drought watch on November 23, 2016. The drought watch continued through the end of the 2016 report year. During the report year, operations in the basin were conducted as stipulated by the Decree and the 2016 Flexible Flow Management Program (FFMP). During the report year, the following agency staff members served on the Delaware River Master Advisory Committee (Advisory Committee). Decree Party affiliation

Committee member

Delaware

David Wunsch

New Jersey

Daniel Kennedy

New York

Mark Klotz

New York City

Paul Rush

Pennsylvania

Kelly Heffner

The River Master and staff participated in water-supply related meetings of the DRBC. In addition to managing reservoir releases and streamflow in the upper Delaware River Basin, an issue of particular interest to the River Master was the impending expiration of the 2015 FFMP on June 1, 2016. River Master operations were executed through the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Office of the Delaware River Master (ODRM) located at Milford, Pennsylvania. Marie Owens, Deputy Delaware River Master, continued in charge of the office, assisted by hydrologist Vincent DiFrenna. The ODRM continued the weekly distribution of a summary hydrologic report during the report year. The reports contain provisional data on precipitation in the upper Delaware River Basin, releases and spills from the New York City reservoirs to the Delaware River, diversions to the New York City water supply system, reservoir contents, the daily segregation of the flow of the Delaware River at the USGS streamgaging site at Montague, New Jersey, and diversions by the State of New Jersey. The reports were distributed to members of the Advisory Committee and other parties interested in Delaware River operations. A monthly summary of hydrologic conditions was also provided to Advisory Committee members. The weekly and monthly hydrologic reports are available through the ODRM website (https://webapps.usgs.gov/odrm/data/data.html). The first section of this report documents Delaware River operations during the report year. During the year, New York City diverted 186.719 billion gallons from the Delaware River Basin

and released 115.024 billion gallons from the Pepacton, Cannonsville, and Neversink Reservoirs to the Delaware River. A total of 2.531 billion gallons was spilled from the Pepacton, Cannonsville, and Neversink Reservoirs. The River Master directed releases from these reservoirs to the Delaware River that totaled 60.902 billion gallons. The second section of this report describes water quality at various monitoring sites on the Delaware River estuary. The section includes basic data on the chemical properties and physical characteristics of the water and presents summary statistics. Throughout the report year, diversions to New York City’s water supply system and releases designed to maintain the flow of the Delaware River at the Montague site were made as directed by the ODRM. Diversions by New York City from its reservoirs in the Delaware River Basin did not exceed the limit stipulated by the Decree. Diversions by the State of New Jersey were also within stipulated limits. New York City and the State of New Jersey complied fully with the terms of the Decree and, during drought watch conditions, with the terms of DRBC Resolution 2016–07. The River Master and staff are grateful for the continued cooperation and support of the Decree Parties. Also, the contributions of the Talen Energy Corporation, Brookfield Renewable U.S., and Eagle Creek Renewable Energy, LLC, in informing the ODRM of plans for power generation and providing data on the reservoir releases and elevations, are greatly appreciated. Sincerely yours, /Signed/ Kendra Russell, P.E. Delaware River Master

Acknowledgments The Office of the Delaware River Master’s (ODRM) daily operation records were prepared from hydrologic data collected daily. Data for these records were collected and computed by the ODRM or were provided by the following agencies and utilities. Data for streamflow of the Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey, and other locations and tributaries were provided by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). Data for the Pepacton, Cannonsville, and Neversink Reservoirs were provided by the New York City Department of Environmental Protection. Data for Lake Wallenpaupack were provided by the Talen Energy Corporation (purchased by Brookfield Renewable U.S. on April 1, 2016). Data for Rio Reservoir were provided by Eagle Creek Renewable Energy, LLC. Contributions from these agencies are greatly appreciated. The National Weather Service offices in Binghamton, New York, and State College, Pennsylvania, provided quantitative precipitation forecasts and some precipitation data. Marie Owens and Amy McHugh of the USGS assisted and contributed to this report by collecting, organizing, and reviewing data. Amy Shallcross of the Delaware River Basin Commission provided information about 2016 activities, including the basinwide drought watch and Interim Excess Release Quantity use.

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Contents Acknowledgments��vi Executive Summary��1 Introduction��1 Method to Determine Directed Releases From New York City Reservoirs��2 Segregating Streamflow Components—Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey��2 Forecasting Streamflow—Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey��4 Hydrologic Conditions��4 Precipitation��4 Reservoir Storage��5 Operations��6 Diversions to New York City Water Supply��6 Diversions by New Jersey��7 Montague Flow Objective��7 Excess Release Quantity and Interim Excess Release Quantity��9 Tailwaters Habitat Protection and Discharge Mitigation Program��9 Comparison of River Master Operations Data With Other Records��9 Analysis of Forecasts��9 Releases From New York City Reservoirs��10 Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey��11 Conformance of Operations Under the Amended Decree of the Supreme Court of the United States Entered June 7, 1954��11 Quality of Water in the Delaware River Estuary��11 Water-Quality Monitoring Programs��11 U.S. Geological Survey Continuous Water-Quality Monitoring Program��11 Delaware River Estuary Boat Run Monitoring Program��14 Water Quality During the 2016 Report Year��14 Streamflow��14 Water Temperature��14 Specific Conductance and Chloride��15 Dissolved Oxygen��15 Hydrogen-Ion Activity (pH)��16 Tables 1, 3–11, and 13–20��19 References Cited��64 Glossary��66 Appendix 1. Agreement of the Parties to the 1954 Decree of the Supreme Court of the United States, Effective June 1, 2016��69 Appendix 2. Temporary Releases Program for April 28–May 1, 2016, “One Bug” Event��101 Appendix 3. Agreement of the Parties to the 1954 Decree of the Supreme Court of the United States—Temporary Thermal Releases Program for Habitat Protection, July 2016��104

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Figures 1. 2. 3. 4.

6. 7.

Map showing the Delaware River Basin upstream from Wilmington, Delaware��3 Graph showing rule curves and actual contents for New York City reservoirs in the Delaware River Basin from December 1, 2015, to November 30, 2016��6 Graph showing flow components, Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey (U.S. Geological Survey site number 01438500), from June 17 to November 30, 2016��8 Hydrographs of computed and forecasted uncontrolled runoff components, Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey (U.S. Geological Survey site number 01460440), from June 17 to November 11, 2016��10 Graphs (A–C) showing New York City-measured mean flow compared with computed mean flow records of U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) streamgaging sites downstream from their respective reservoirs��12 Map showing location of Delaware River Basin Commission (DRBC) water-quality monitoring sites on the Delaware River estuary��13 Bar chart showing monthly average water temperatures in 2016 and long-term average monthly water temperatures from 1964 to 2016, for April through November, in the Delaware River estuary at Benjamin Franklin Bridge at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (USGS site number 01467200)��16 Graphs (A, B) showing the daily mean and minimum daily mean dissolved-oxygen concentrations, in milligrams per liter, averaged for July– September, annually, at two sites on the Delaware River estuary, 1965–2015��17 Graphs showing percent distribution of quarter-hourly dissolved-oxygen concentrations, in milligrams per liter, at two sites on the Delaware River estuary, from July to September 2016��18

Tables 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

9. 10.

Precipitation in the Delaware River Basin upstream of Montague, New Jersey��19 Elevation and capacities of the Pepacton, Cannonsville, and Neversink Reservoirs’ structures��5 Storage in Pepacton Reservoir, New York, for report year ending November 30, 2016��20 Storage in Cannonsville Reservoir, New York, for report year ending November 30, 2016��21 Storage in Neversink Reservoir, New York, for report year ending November 30, 2016��22 Diversions to New York City water supply system for report year ending November 30, 2016��23 Consumption of water by New York City from 1950 to 2016��29 Diversions by New Jersey, daily mean discharge, Delaware and Raritan Canal at Port Mercer, New Jersey (U.S. Geological Survey site number 01460440) for report year ending November 30, 2016��31 New York City reservoir-release design data from December 1, 2015, to November 30, 2016��32 Controlled releases from reservoirs in the upper Delaware River Basin and segregation of flow of Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey, for report year ending November 30, 2016��39

11.

12.

13.

14.

15. 16. 17.

18.

19.

20.

Daily mean discharge, Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey (U.S. Geological Survey site number 01438500), for report year ending November 30, 2016��55 Cumulative forecasted and actual release volumes from Lake Wallenpaupack, Rio Reservoir, and uncontrolled runoff for June 17–July 11, July 22–August 16, and August 30–November 30, 2016��9 Daily mean discharge, East Branch Delaware River at Downsville, New York (U.S. Geological Survey site number 01417000), for report year ending November 30, 2016��56 Daily mean discharge, West Branch Delaware River at Stilesville, New York (U.S. Geological Survey site number 01425000), for report year ending November 30, 2016��57 Daily mean discharge, Neversink River at Neversink, New York (U.S. Geological Survey site number 01436000) for report year ending November 30, 2016��58 Daily mean discharge, Delaware River at Trenton, New Jersey (U.S. Geological Survey site number 01463500), for report year ending November 30, 2016��59 Daily maximum and minimum specific conductance, Delaware River at Reedy Island Jetty, Delaware (U.S. Geological Survey site number 01482800), for report year ending November 30, 2016��60 Daily maximum and minimum chloride concentrations, Delaware River at Chester, Pennsylvania (U.S. Geological Survey site number 01477050), for report year ending November 30, 2016��61 Daily mean dissolved-oxygen concentration, Delaware River at Benjamin Franklin Bridge at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (U.S. Geological Survey site number 01467200), from April 1 to November 30, 2016��62 Daily mean dissolved-oxygen concentration, Delaware River at Chester, Pennsylvania (U.S. Geological Survey site number 01477050), from April 1 to November 30, 2016��63

Conversion Factors U.S. customary units to International System of Units

Multiply

To obtain

Length inch (in.)

2.54

centimeter (cm)

foot (ft)

0.3048

meter (m)

mile (mi)

1.609

kilometer (km)

Area square mile (mi2)

2.590

square kilometer (km2)

Volume million gallons (Mgal)

3,785

billion gallons cubic foot per second accumulated daily ([ft3/s]-d)

3.785 2,447

cubic foot per second (ft3/s)

cubic meter (m3) cubic hectometer (hm3) cubic meter per second accumulated daily ([m3/s]-d)

0.02832 cubic meter per second (m3/s) Flow Rate

million gallons per day (Mgal/d)

0.04381 cubic meter per second (m3/s)

Temperature in degrees Celsius (°C) may be converted to degrees Fahrenheit (°F) as follows: °F = (1.8 × °C) + 32.

Datums Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the Bureau of Water Supply datum, which was established by the New York City Department of Environmental Protection, Bureau of Water Supply. Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Elevation, as used in this report, refers to distance above the vertical datum.

Supplemental Information Specific conductance is given in microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius (µS/cm at 25 °C). Concentrations of chemical constituents in water are given in milligrams per liter (mg/L).

Abbreviations Del. Delaware DRBC

Delaware River Basin Commission

FFMP

Flexible Flow Management Program

ft foot ft3/s

cubic foot per second

(ft3/s)-d

cubic foot per second accumulated daily

IERQ

Interim Excess Release Quantity

in. inch Mgal

million gallons

Mgal/d

million gallons per day

mg/L

milligram per liter

mi mile mi2

square mile

N.J.

New Jersey

NJDOB

New Jersey Diversion Offset Bank

N.Y.

New York

NYCDEP

New York City Department of Environmental Protection

NWIS

National Water Information System [database]

ODRM

Office of the Delaware River Master

OST

Operational Support Tool

Pa. Pennsylvania USGS

U.S. Geological Survey

µS/cm at 25 °C

microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius

Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016 By Kendra L. Russell,1 William J. Andrews,1 Vincent J. DiFrenna,1 J. Michael Norris,2 and Robert R. Mason, Jr.1

Executive Summary A Decree of the Supreme Court of the United States, entered June 7, 1954 (New Jersey v. New York, 347 U.S. 995), established the position of Delaware River Master within the U.S. Geological Survey. In addition, the Decree authorizes the diversion of water from the Delaware River Basin and requires compensating releases from reservoirs owned by New York City to be made under the supervision and direction of the River Master. The Decree stipulates that the River Master provide reports to the Court not less frequently than annually. This report is the 63rd annual report of the River Master of the Delaware River. The report covers the 2016 River Master report year, which is the period from December 1, 2015, to November 30, 2016. During the report year, precipitation in the upper Delaware River Basin was 38.6 inches or 87 percent of the long-term average. Combined storage remained high (above 80 percent of combined capacity) for much of the year and did not decline below 80 percent of combined capacity until August 2016. The lowest combined storage was 106.406 billion gallons or 39 percent of combined capacity on November 28, 2016. Delaware River Basin Commission Resolution 2016–07 necessitated a basinwide drought watch on November 23, 2016. The drought watch continued through the remainder of the 2016 report year. Delaware River Master operations during the year were conducted as stipulated by the Decree and the Flexible Flow Management Program. New York City and New Jersey fully complied with the terms of the Decree and, during drought watch conditions, with the Delaware River Basin Commission Resolution 2016–07 terms. Diversions from the Delaware River Basin by New York City and New Jersey fully complied with the Decree. The reservoir releases were made as directed by the River Master at rates designed to meet the flow objective for the Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey, on 126 days during the report year. Interim Excess Release Quantity and conservation releases,

1U.S. Geological Survey. 2U.S. Geological Survey, retired.

designed to relieve thermal stress and protect the fishery and aquatic habitat in the tailwaters of the reservoirs, were also made during the report year. Water quality in the Delaware River estuary between the streamgages at Trenton, New Jersey, and Reedy Island Jetty, Delaware, was monitored at several locations. Data on water temperature, specific conductance, dissolved oxygen, and pH were collected continuously by electronic instruments at four sites.

Introduction An amended Decree of the Supreme Court of the United States, entered June 7, 1954 (New Jersey v. New York, 347 U.S. 995; available at https://webapps.usgs.gov/odrm/ about/decree), which superseded a 1931 Decree, authorizes diversion of water from the Delaware River Basin and provides for releases of water from three New York City reservoirs—Pepacton, Cannonsville, and Neversink—to the upper Delaware River. The Decree stipulates that these diversions and releases be made under the supervision and direction of the Office of the Delaware River Master (ODRM). The Decree also stipulates that reports on Delaware River operations be made to the Court not less frequently than annually. The reports can be accessed at https://webapps.usgs.gov/ odrm/publications/publications. This report documents operations from December 1, 2015, to November 30, 2016, and is referred to as the 2016 River Master “report year.” This report also presents information on the quality of water in the Delaware River estuary during the report year. Since 2007, the Decree Parties (Delaware, New Jersey, New York, New York City, and Pennsylvania) have unanimously approved a series of Flexible Flow Management Program (FFMP) agreements (available at https://webapps.usgs.gov/odrm/ffmp/flexible-flow-management- program) to manage the shared waters of the Delaware River Basin. The June 1, 2016, FFMP (appendix 1; also available at https://webapps.usgs.gov/odrm/documents/ffmp/2016_FFMP_ Agreement_Signed.pdf) is an extension of the June 1, 2011, agreement and incorporates the changes from the previous

2 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016 four extensions of the 2011 agreement (2012–15) with no additional program modifications other than the dates. The 2016 FFMP is effective from June 1, 2016, to May 31, 2017. Additional agreements were made in April 2016 (appendix 2; also available at https://webapps.usgs.gov/odrm/documents/ffmp/Tem p.Releases.April.28-May.1.2016.One_Bug_Event.pdf) to facilitate a temporary release program to maintain steady streamflow during the “One Bug” fishing event of May 1 and 2, 2016. Additional releases were mandated from the Cannonsville Reservoir for July 23–25, 2016, to meet the water-temperature requirements of the FFMP (appendix 3; also available at https://webapps.usgs.gov/odrm/documents/ ffmp/TemporaryThermalRelease-IERQ20160722.pdf). On November 23, 2016, the Parties to the Decree and the Delaware River Basin Commission (DRBC) agreed to preserve and protect water supplies in the Delaware River Basin during a drought watch under DRBC Resolution 2016–07 (DRBC, 2016a). Some hydrologic data presented in this report are streamflow and water quality records for U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) streamgages. The USGS collected and computed these records in cooperation with the States of New York and New Jersey, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, and the City of New York. The locations of major streams and reservoirs, and selected USGS streamgages in the Delaware River Basin, are shown in figure 1.

Method to Determine Directed Releases From New York City Reservoirs The data and computations of the various streamflow components form the operational record used by the ODRM to carry out specific responsibilities related to the Montague flow objective. The operational record has two parts: (1) segregating the streamflow components of the current daily mean discharge at the USGS streamgage at Montague, New Jersey (N.J.) (site number 01438500), to compute the uncontrolled runoff and (2) forecasting the uncontrolled runoff and using forecasted information from other sources to predict the flow at the Montague site with adequate advance time to direct releases. The forecasting process helps determine whether the ODRM directs the New York City reservoirs to release water to maintain, at a minimum, the Montague flow objective at the USGS streamgage at Montague, N.J., which is defined in table 1 of appendix 1.

Segregating Streamflow Components— Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey The segregation of streamflow at the Montague site involves determining flow components, including releases from the New York City reservoirs, releases from Lake Wallenpaupack and Rio Reservoir for the generation of hydroelectric power, and uncontrolled runoff. For the segregation of components of daily mean flow at the Montague site, the following data are used: 1. controlled releases from the Pepacton, Cannonsville, and Neversink Reservoirs of New York City; 2. controlled releases from Lake Wallenpaupack on Wallenpaupack Creek to produce hydroelectric power; and 3. controlled releases from the Rio Reservoir on the Mongaup River to produce hydroelectric power. To determine the contributions of each of these releases, data on the amount of time it takes the water to travel from the release point to the Montague site is required. The various traveltimes are used to determine the appropriate time-delayed flow contributions from the above sources. The time-adjusted controlled flows of the above sources are subtracted from the total streamflow measured at the Montague streamgage to determine the uncontrolled runoff (including reservoir spills and groundwater) from the drainage area upstream from the Montague site. Traveltimes were computed from reservoir and powerplant operations data and historical streamflow records. The traveltimes are adequate for ODRM operations. Occasionally, however, significant exceptions are observed. For example, during a large increase in a directed release from the Cannonsville Reservoir, the arrival time of the water at the Montague site can be delayed as long as 1.5 days because a substantial amount of water must first fill the channel before a steady flow arrives at the Montague streamgage. During winter, ice formation and lower streamflow gradually increase the resistance to water flow, resulting in increased traveltimes. Because ice-affected traveltimes increased gradually over several days and releases were not directed to meet the Montague flow objective during periods of ice, no adjustments were made to compensate for increased traveltimes during these periods of the report year. The following list gives the average times for effective water travel from the various sources of controlled supply to the streamgage at Montague, N.J. (USGS site number 01438500). These traveltimes, in hours, were used for flow routing during the 2016 report year: Pepacton Reservoir, 60; Cannonsville Reservoir, 48; Neversink Reservoir, 33; Lake Wallenpaupack, 16; and Rio Reservoir, 8.

Method to Determine Directed Releases From New York City Reservoirs 3 76° Map area

75°

Delaware Bay

EXPLANATION Delaware River Basin boundary

Roundout Reservoir Dela

Neversink

Tusten Hawley Shohola

Lake Wallenpaupack

Key gaging station

war

q u ed uct

Mongaup Reservoir Rio Reservoir Port Jervis

Milford

Montague #

Francis E. Walter Reservoir

City

Neversink Tunnel

Callicoon

Equinunk

General Edgar Jadwin Reservoir Prompton Reservoir Lackawaxen River

Index gaging station

East Delaware Tunnel

River

42°

Beaver Kill

Downsville # West De laware Tunne l Deposit # Stilesville Cooks Neversink Falls Reservoir

ATLANTIC OCEAN

NEW YORK

Pepacton Reservoir

Hudson

East Branch Delaware River

West Branch Delaware River Cannonsville Reservoir

MA NY

74°

Lake Hopatcong Beltzville Lake Leh i

Merrill Creek Delaware and Raritan canal Reservoir

r ve Ri

41°

NEW JERSEY

PENNSYLVANIA

# Kingston # Port Mercer

Blue Marsh Lake

Trenton #

Schuylkill R ive r

r ive

aw a

Trenton

Bra n

Philadelphia

wi n

ek re

Wilmington 40°

MARYLAND Base from U.S. Geological Survey digital data, 1:1,000,000 Albers Equal-Area Conic projection North American Datum of 1983

DELAWARE 0 0

10 10

20 MILES 20 KILOMETERS

Figure 1. Map showing the Delaware River Basin upstream from Wilmington, Delaware. The Delaware River Basin boundary is shown along with key and index gaging stations; refer to the “Glossary” section for definitions.

4 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016 The Talen Energy Corporation hydroelectric powerplant on Lake Wallenpaupack was purchased by Brookfield Renewable U.S. on April 1, 2016. Starting on August 1, 2016, Brookfield Renewable U.S. provided forecasted and actual controlled releases for the 24-hour period beginning at midnight on the previous day instead of 0800 hours. The traveltime used for Lake Wallenpaupack controlled releases, therefore, changed from 16 to 24 hours for the remainder of the 2016 report year based on the available data.

Forecasting Streamflow—Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey The computed releases from New York City’s reservoirs necessary to meet the Montague flow objective were based on the forecasted streamflow at the Montague site, exclusive of releases from New York City’s Delaware River Basin reservoirs. The flow must be forecast 3 days in advance to account for the longest traveltime needed for the flow to reach the Montague site from the New York City reservoirs. The electric utilities—Talen Energy Corporation and Brookfield Renewable U.S.—controlled Lake Wallenpaupack, and Eagle Creek Renewable Energy, LLC, controlled Rio Reservoir. Those utilities provided forecasts of power generation and releases to the ODRM. Because the hydroelectric plants were primarily used for meeting rapidly varying peak-power demands, the forecasts were subject to various modifying factors, including the vagaries of weather on the demand for electricity. In addition, because the power companies are members of regional transmission organizations, demand for power outside the local service area can unexpectedly affect generation schedules. Consequently, at times, the actual use of water for power generation differs from the forecasts used in the design of reservoir releases. For computational purposes during periods of low flow, estimates of uncontrolled runoff at the Montague site were treated as two components: (1) current runoff and (2) forecasted runoff from precipitation. An estimate of uncontrolled runoff was computed using a recession procedure. A recession curve of uncontrolled inputs was developed using the discharge at the Montague site and is used to forecast the uncontrolled portion of flow at the Montague site 3 days in advance. Forecasted runoff was determined from data provided by the National Weather Service office in Binghamton, New York (N.Y.), which provided quantitative forecasts of average precipitation and air temperatures for the 3,480-squaremile (mi2) drainage basin upstream from Montague, N.J. During winter, runoff was estimated based on the status of snow and ice, along with forecasted precipitation and temperature. During other periods, forecasted precipitation was used to estimate runoff. The forecasted flow at the Montague site, exclusive of releases from New York City’s Delaware River Basin reservoirs, is computed as the sum of forecasted releases from

hydroelectric powerplant reservoirs, estimated uncontrolled runoff—including conservation releases from Rio Reservoir— and estimated runoff from predicted rainfall. Each of these inputs is adjusted for traveltime. If the computed total flow is less than the Montague flow objective, the deficiency is made up by using releases from New York City’s reservoirs, as directed by the ODRM. Based on the previous day’s provisional data, a balancing adjustment is applied to the following day’s release design. The balancing adjustment is computed as 10 percent of the difference between the cumulative directed release and the cumulative directed release required for exact forecasting and is limited to a maximum of 50 cubic foot per second (ft3/s) magnitude. The balancing adjustment calls for more water to be released when previous directed releases (or a lack of releases) were insufficient to meet the Montague flow objective. The adjustment calls for less water to be released when previous directed releases were higher than required to meet the Montague flow objective. When updated forecasts of precipitation or powerplant releases showed appreciable changes after a release was directed, the release required from New York City’s reservoirs was recomputed on the basis of the updated forecasts. Commonly, this procedure results in a reduced release requirement for New York City reservoirs that day. Only final values for releases from New York City reservoirs are presented in this report.

Hydrologic Conditions Precipitation The sum of average monthly precipitation in the Delaware River Basin upstream from Montague, N.J., totaled 38.60 inches (in.) during the 2016 report year and was 87 percent of the long-term (75-year) average (table 1, in back of report). Monthly precipitation ranged from 41 percent of the long-term average in March 2016 to 164 percent of the long-term average in February 2016 (table 1). Precipitation data for the 2016 report year were computed from records from 10 geographically distributed stations operated by the National Weather Service; the New York City Department of Environmental Protection (NYCDEP), Bureau of Water Supply; and the ODRM. The seasonal period from December to May is typically when surface-water and groundwater reservoirs refill. During this period in 2015–16, total precipitation was 17.55 in., which is about 86 percent of the 75-year long-term average. During the June–November period, total precipitation was 21.05 in., which is 88 percent of the 75-year long-term average.

Hydrologic Conditions 5

Reservoir Storage Table 2 summarizes the “point of maximum depletion” and other pertinent levels and the contents of the Pepacton, Cannonsville, and Neversink Reservoirs. This information was provided by the NYCDEP. Daily storage in the Pepacton, Cannonsville, and Neversink Reservoirs above the point of maximum depletion, or minimum full-operating level, is given in tables 3, 4, and 5 (all in back of report), respectively, and combined storage during the report year is shown in figure 2. On December 1, 2015, combined useable storage in the three reservoirs was 193.475 billion gallons or 71.4 percent of combined capacity. From December to May, the inflow to the New York City reservoirs typically exceeds the outflow, consequently increasing storage. Combined storage increased during

the first half of the report year, and the reservoirs were at about 98 percent of usable capacity on May 31, 2016. Combined storage remained high (above 80 percent of combined capacity) until August 2016. The lowest combined storage was 106.406 billion gallons or 39 percent on November 28, 2016. The three reservoirs spilled a total of 2.531 billion gallons when reservoirs reached maximum capacity during the year. The Pepacton Reservoir did not spill. The Cannonsville Reservoir spilled from May 10 to 22, 2016. The Neversink Reservoir spilled from May 9 to 15, 2016. The combined storage reached a maximum for the report year on May 15, 2016, at 271.890 billion gallons. The reservoirs’ storage steadily decreased from this point, and the combined storage was 107.901 billion gallons, or 39.8 percent of combined capacity, on November 30, 2016.

Table 2. Elevation and capacities of the Pepacton, Cannonsville, and Neversink Reservoirs’ structures. [ft, foot; Mgal, million gallons; NA, not available; —, not applicable]

Pepacton Reservoir Level

Elevation (ft)

Cannonsville Reservoir

Volume (Mgal)

Elevation (ft)

Neversink Reservoir

Volume (Mgal)

Elevation (ft)

Volume (Mgal)

Full pool or spillway crest

1,280

—

1,150

—

1,440

—

Point of maximum depletion

1,152

1140,190

1,040

195,706

1,319

134,941

Sill of diversion tunnel

1,143

23,511

31,035

21,020

1,314

2525

Sill of river outlet tunnel

1,126.50

44,200

1,020.5

41,564

1,314

—

1,800

—

328

—

1,680

Dead storage

1The quantity stored between the full pool or spillway crest and the point of maximum depletion. 2The quantity stored between point of maximum depletion and the sill of the diversion tunnel. 3The elevation of the mouth of the inlet channel of diversion works. 4The quantity stored between the sill of the diversion tunnel and the sill of the river outlet tunnel.

6 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016 300

Full capacity usable storage

Spill mitigation (L1)

Combined reservoir storage, in billion gallons

250

Normal (L2) Drought watch (L3)

200

Actual contents Drought warning (L4)

150

100

Drought emergency (L5) 50

0 Dec. 1

Jan. 20

Mar. 10

Apr. 29

2015

June 18

Aug. 7

Sept. 26

Nov. 15

2016

Figure 2. Graph showing rule curves and actual contents for New York City reservoirs in the Delaware River Basin from December 1, 2015, to November 30, 2016. Full capacity usable storage line and the five conservation release rate zones (L1–5) are shown. The conservation release rate zones are defined in the “conservation release” definition in the “Glossary” section.

Operations Operations for December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016, were conducted as described by the FFMP (revised, effective June 1, 2015, and continued for a second year, effective June 1, 2016). The allowable diversion to New York City was 800 million gallons per day (Mgal/d) throughout the year. The Montague flow objective was 1,750 ft3/s, except from November 23, 2016, to the end of the report year. The DRBC issued a basin-wide drought watch on November 23, 2016, for the portion of the watershed downstream from Montague, N.J. (DRBC, 2016b). The Trenton, N.J., flow objective was decreased from 3,000 ft3/s to 2,700 ft3/s. The Montague flow objective was reduced to 1,650 ft3/s. An offset bank was established by the Decree Parties to be used when there was a difference between the amount of water diverted from the basin by New Jersey and the lower values in the diversion ranges defined in table 1 of DRBC Resolution 2016–07 (DRBC, 2016a). The allowable diversion to New Jersey was 100 Mgal/d. Conservation releases from the New York City reservoirs were made at the rates shown in tables 4a–g of the June 1, 2015, FFMP (appendix 1 in Russell and others, 2024) and the June 1, 2016, FFMP (appendix 1). In December 2015, table 4e was used. For 2016, tables 4f and 4g were used

in January through February, tables 4a and 4b were used in March, table 4a was used in April, table 4d was used in early May, table 4c was used in mid-May, tables 4f and 4g were used for June through September, table 4d was used in October, table 4c was used in early November, and table 4a was used in late November (see “Archived OST [Operational Support Tool] Summary Data” at https://webapps.usgs.gov/ odrm/data/data.html).

Diversions to New York City Water Supply The 1954 amended Decree authorizes New York City to divert water from the Delaware River Basin at a rate not to exceed the equivalent of 800 Mgal/d. The Decree specifies that the diversion rate shall be computed as the aggregate total diversion beginning June 1 of each year divided by the total number of days elapsed since the preceding May 31. Records of daily diversions through the East Delaware, West Delaware, and Neversink Tunnels (fig. 1) were provided to the ODRM by the NYCDEP. These records were obtained from the City’s calibrated instruments, which are connected to Venturi meters installed in the tunnel conduits. The measured flows were transmitted electronically on a 15-second interval to New York City computers, and 5-minute interval release and diversion quantities for the preceding 5-minute period

Operations 7 were computed using the instantaneous rate-of-flow data from each instrument. These 5-minute quantities were then summed to compute the daily total flows, which were reported daily to the ODRM. Each week, the computed diversion values were checked against the flow-meter totalizer readings by the NYCDEP and corrected when necessary. Daily diversions during the report year from the Pepacton, Cannonsville, and Neversink Reservoirs to the New York City water supply system (Rondout Reservoir) are given in table 6 (in back of report). A running account of the average rates of combined diversions from the three reservoirs beginning June 1, 2015, computed as stipulated by the Decree, is also shown in table 6. A total of 186.719 billion gallons of water was diverted to the New York City water supply system during the report year with an average of 510 Mgal/d, which is below the maximum diversion rate. The maximum daily diversion from a single reservoir was 549 million gallons (Mgal) on November 15–18, 2016, from the Pepacton Reservoir. The maximum daily combined diversion from all three reservoirs was 994 Mgal on October 20, 2016. Diversions by New York City did not exceed the limits stipulated by the Decree and the FFMP. Data on water consumption by New York City for each calendar year since 1950, from all sources of supply, are presented in table 7 (in back of report). The East Delaware Tunnel is used to divert water from the Pepacton Reservoir to the Rondout Reservoir. The hydroelectric powerplant at the downstream end of the East Delaware Tunnel operated most days of the report year. When the powerplant was not in operation, some water leaked through the wicket gates and was not recorded by the totalizer. A current-meter measurement made in 1989 showed that the (assumed constant) rate of leakage is about 12.4 ft3/s (8.0 Mgal/d). Because the powerplant was not in operation for the equivalent of 100 days during the 2016 report year, the estimated quantity of unmeasured leakage (diverted but not recorded) was about 0.8 billion gallons. The West Delaware Tunnel is used to divert water from the Cannonsville Reservoir to the Rondout Reservoir. When the valves were closed, inspections of the channel below the outlet revealed only negligible leakage. A hydroelectric powerplant uses water diverted through the West Delaware Tunnel, but the plant operates only when diversions are less than 300 Mgal/d. When the powerplant is not operating, the valves on the pipelines to the plant are closed, and there is no leakage through the system. The Neversink Tunnel is used to divert water from the Neversink Reservoir to the Rondout Reservoir. A hydroelectric powerplant uses water diverted through the Neversink Tunnel. When the powerplant is not operating and the main valve on the diversion tunnel is open, leakage develops that is not recorded by the Venturi meters. One current-meter measurement made in 1999 showed a leakage rate of 16.2 ft3/s (10.5 Mgal/d). The leakage is included in the recorded flow when the powerplant is operating. No leakage occurs when the main valve on the tunnel is closed. During the

2016 report year, the powerplant operated part of the day on most days and was not operated for the equivalent of 213 days. About 2.2 billion gallons of water was diverted but not recorded, according to the leakage rate noted above and records of powerplant operation.

Diversions by New Jersey The Decree authorizes New Jersey to divert water from the Delaware River and its tributaries in New Jersey to areas outside of the Delaware River Basin without compensating releases. Under the FFMP, New Jersey diversions shall not exceed 100 Mgal/d as a monthly average, and the daily mean diversion shall not exceed 120 Mgal/d. As described in the “Drought Management” section (5d) of the 2016 FFMP and section 3e of DRBC Resolution 2016–07 (DRBC, 2016a), a New Jersey Diversion Offset Bank (NJDOB) was established to offset increased diversions by New Jersey during drought conditions. During a drought watch, diversions greater than 85 Mgal/d (up to 100 Mgal/d) are compensated with releases from the New York City reservoirs and debited from the NJDOB when water is required to meet the Trenton flow objective. The USGS streamgage on the Delaware and Raritan Canal at Port Mercer, N.J. (site number 01460440; fig. 1), is used as the official control point for measuring these diversions by New Jersey. Based on data collected by the USGS at this site, the maximum monthly average diversion was 99.8 Mgal/d during December 2015 (table 8, in back of report) (USGS, 2019e). The maximum daily mean diversion was 107 Mgal/d on January 1 and 12, 2016 (table 8). Diversions by New Jersey did not exceed the limits stipulated by the FFMP. The basin was in a drought watch from November 23, 2016, through the end of the report year (DRBC, 2016a). The total accumulated NJDOB available for use was 2,300 cubic feet per second accumulated daily ([ft3/s]-d). Releases were made from the New York City reservoirs and debited from the NJDOB to compensate for the increased diversions greater than 85 Mgal/day up to 100 Mgal/day in conjunction with DRBC releases from lower Delaware River Basin reservoirs to maintain the Trenton flow objective. A total of 89 (ft3/s)-d from the NJDOB was used from November 23 to 26, 2016.

Montague Flow Objective The components of forecasted flow at the Montague site during low flow (forecasted releases from powerplant reservoirs, estimated uncontrolled runoff including conservation releases from the Rio Reservoir, and forecasted increases in runoff from precipitation) and the sums of flows exclusive of releases from New York City’s reservoirs are given in table 9 (in back of report). If the computed sum of the components is less than the flow objective at the Montague site, then

8 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016 the deficiency is made up by releases from New York City’s reservoirs, as directed by the ODRM. Table 10 (in back of report) presents the ODRM daily operations record of reservoir releases and the segregation of the various components contributing to the flow of the Delaware River at the Montague site. The forecasted flow of the Delaware River at the Montague site, based on provisional data and exclusive of water released from the New York City reservoirs, was less than the flow objective on 122 days of the 2016 report year, from June 14 to November 30, 2016 (table 9) (USGS, 2019d). The ODRM directed releases on 122 days from June 14 to November 30, 2016, to maintain flow at the Montague site at or above the Montague flow objective (table 11, in back of report). The observed daily mean discharge at the Montague site was less than the flow objective (1,750 ft3/s from December 1, 2015, to November 22, 2016, and 1,650 ft3/s from November 23 to 30) on 24 days: June 24–25, September 2–6, and 19; October 7, 12, 16,

and 18–24, and November 3–5 and 24–26, 2016 (table 11). However, 16 of the observed flows were within 10 percent of the flow objective. On October 23, 2016, the observed flow was 1,340 ft3/s, about 77 percent of the flow objective (table 11). The components of the total flow observed at the Montague site from June 17 to November 30, 2016, are shown in figure 3. The flow is segregated into the portion derived from the New York City reservoirs, the portion contributed by the powerplant reservoirs, and the uncontrolled runoff from the drainage area below the reservoirs. As described above, the uncontrolled runoff was computed as the residual of observed flow minus releases and was subject to errors in observations, transit times, and the routings of the various flow components. The conservation release from Rio Reservoir is included in the uncontrolled-runoff component. The effect of these uncertainties is incorporated into the computation of uncontrolled runoff.

4,000 EXPLANATION Uncontrolled runoff

3,500

Powerplant reservoirs

Discharge, in cubic feet per second

New York City reservoirs

3,000

2,500

2,000

Montague flow objective

1,500

1,000

500

June

July

August

2016

September

October

November

Figure 3. Graph showing flow components, Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey (U.S. Geological Survey site number 01438500), from June 17 to November 30, 2016.

Operations 9

Excess Release Quantity and Interim Excess Release Quantity

Tailwaters Habitat Protection and Discharge Mitigation Program

Per sections 4b and 4c of the 2016 FFMP (appendix 1 of this report), the Decree Parties agreed to use the Excess Release Quantity, as defined in the Decree, in support of an Interim Excess Release Quantity (IERQ). As specified in the 2016 FFMP, an IERQ equivalent to 10.0 billion gallons (15,468 [ft3/s]-d) must be provided, with 3.91 billion gallons (6,045 [ft3/s]-d) of the IERQ being incorporated in the releases tables to enhance base releases from the New York City Delaware River Basin Reservoirs. The remaining IERQ balance of 6.09 billion gallons (9,423 [ft3/s]-d) is reserved and may be used for additional releases to meet the Trenton equivalent flow objective or to establish an Extraordinary Needs Bank. Upon request by the Lower Basin States or the DRBC, New York City must release water from the IERQ in sufficient quantities to maintain a flow at Trenton, N.J., of 3,000 ft3/s during basinwide normal conditions from June 15, 2016, and through March 15, 2017 (known as the “seasonal period”). The maximum amount of water required to be released from the remaining IERQ in any seasonal period is 70 billion gallons. Under the 2016 FFMP, New York City must make these releases from the IERQ until May 31, 2017, or until the aggregate quantity of the IERQ is exhausted, whichever occurs first. As described in section 4d of the 2016 FFMP, the Decree Parties, the DRBC, or the ODRM may at any time review extraordinary water needs to support such research, aquatic life, or other water-use activity as may be approved by the DRBC. Upon unanimous agreement, the Decree Parties may bank all or a portion of the IERQ remaining in an IERQ Extraordinary Needs Bank that can be used to provide for such extraordinary water needs. Banked quantities are deducted from the IERQ, and any unused Extraordinary Needs Bank water is returned to the IERQ. None of the 2015 FFMP IERQ water was released to maintain a target flow of 3,000 ft3/s at Trenton, N.J., from December 1, 2015, through May 31, 2016. The temporary release program to support the “One Bug” fishing event (appendix 2) used 1,203 (ft3/s)-d of the 2015 FFMP IERQ for April 27–May 1, 2016 (table 10). The 6.09 billion gallons (9,423 [ft3/s]-d) of the 2016 FFMP IERQ was used as follows:

The FFMP established a Tailwaters Habitat Protection and Discharge Mitigation Program, which consists of (1) conservation releases designed to protect the ecology in the tailwaters below the New York City reservoirs and (2) discharge mitigation releases designed to help mitigate the effects of water spilling from the full Delaware River Basin reservoirs. Controlled releases were made from the New York City Delaware River Basin reservoirs. From December 1, 2015, to November 30, 2016, 108.098 billion gallons was released from the New York City reservoirs in accordance with the Tailwaters Habitat Protection and Discharge Mitigation Program.

(1) 499 (ft3/s)-d for water temperature control on July 23–25, 2016. (table 10; appendix 3), (2) 8,924 (ft3/s)-d of the IERQ water was released to maintain a target flow of 3,000 ft3/s at Trenton, N.J., intermittently from September 4 through November 16, 2016 (table 10).

Comparison of River Master Operations Data With Other Records The ODRM operations are conducted daily and, by necessity, use preliminary streamflow data. This section compares the records used in the ODRM operations to final data published for selected USGS streamgages. Data on releases were reported in million gallons per day (Mgal/d) and converted to cubic feet per second (ft3/s) for use in the comparisons.

Analysis of Forecasts Forecasts of streamflow at the Montague site, based on anticipated contributions from the components described previously but excluding releases from New York City reservoirs, differed from the observed flow on most days. Occasionally, component variations were partially compensating and observed flows compared favorably with forecasted flows. The forecasted flow of the Delaware River at the Montague site, exclusive of releases from the New York City reservoirs, was less than the flow objective on 103 days from June 17 through November 30, 2016 (table 9), as indicated by directed releases being made. Table 12 computes forecasted and actual flow from hydroelectric powerplant releases and uncontrolled runoff for June 17–July 11, July 22–August 16, and August 30–November 30, 2016. Table 12. Cumulative forecasted and actual release volumes from Lake Wallenpaupack and Rio Reservoir and uncontrolled runoff for June 17–July 11, July 22–August 16, and August 30– November 30, 2016. [(ft3/s)-d, cubic foot per second for a day]

Releases and runoff

Forecasted volume ([ft3/s]-d)

Actual volume ([ft3/s]-d)

Lake Wallenpaupack

27,019

31,420

Rio Reservoir

2,683

5,320

130,668

149,263

Runoff from uncontrolled area

10 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016 For the June 17–July 11, July 22–August 16, and August 30–November 30, 2016, periods shown in table 12, actual releases from Lake Wallenpaupack and Rio Reservoir averaged 16 and 98 percent more than the forecasted releases, respectively. Powerplant forecasted volumes are calculated from columns 1 and 2 in table 9; powerplant actual releases are calculated from columns 5 and 6 in table 10. Observed runoff (column 10 in table 10) from the uncontrolled area was about 14 percent more than forecasted runoff (columns 3 + 4 in table 9). Forecasted and actual releases from Lake Wallenpaupack and Rio Reservoir can differ on any given day. The differences between actual daily releases and forecasted daily releases for June 17–July 11, July 22–August 16, and August 30–November 30, 2016, are as follows: daily releases at Lake Wallenpaupack varied from 310 ft3/s less than forecasted releases to 512 ft3/s greater than forecasted releases, and daily releases at Rio Reservoir varied from 125 ft3/s less than forecasted releases to 284 ft3/s greater than forecasted releases. Based on the measured streamflow at the Montague site, total directed releases from the New York City reservoirs during the report year (column 9 in table 9) were about 7.9 percent more than required for exact forecasting (column 11 in table 9). A comparison of forecasted and computed runoff hydrographs from the uncontrolled area (fig. 4) indicated that the forecasts were suitable for use in designing releases from

the New York City Delaware River Basin reservoirs. Numerical adjustments to the designs were made when needed to compensate for errors in the forecasts. However, because of traveltimes, the effects of the adjustments on flows at the Montague site were not evident until several days after the design date.

Releases From New York City Reservoirs The ODRM operations data on controlled releases from the Pepacton, Cannonsville, and Neversink Reservoirs to the Delaware River were provided by the NYCDEP. These data were collected from calibrated instruments connected to Venturi meters installed in the outlet conduits of the reservoirs. The USGS streamgage on the East Branch Delaware River at Downsville, N.Y. (site number 01417000; fig. 1), is 0.5 miles (mi) downstream from Downsville Dam. Discharge measured at this site includes releases from the Pepacton Reservoir and a small amount of seepage and any runoff that enters the channel between the dam and the site. The drainage area is 371 mi2 at the dam and 372 mi2 at the site. The streamgage records are rated “good,” which means that about 95 percent of the measured daily mean discharges are within 10 percent of the actual discharge.

4,500

EXPLANATION 4,000

Computed uncontrolled runoff Forecasted uncontrolled runoff

Discharge, in cubic feet per second

3,500

3,000

2,500

2,000

1,500

1,000

500

0 17

June

July

August

2016

September

October

November

Figure 4. Hydrographs of computed and forecasted uncontrolled runoff components, Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey (U.S. Geological Survey site number 01460440), from June 17 to November 11, 2016. Discharge is shown in cubic feet per second.

Quality of Water in the Delaware River Estuary 11 Figure 5A shows the measured flow from the Pepacton Reservoir, including spillway, conservation, and directed releases, reported by New York City, compared with the records for the USGS streamgage on the East Branch Delaware River at Downsville, N.Y. (table 13, in back of report) (USGS, 2019a), from December 1, 2015, to November 30, 2016. The average difference is 5.2 percent, and 95 percent of the daily differences between the streamgage readings and New York City records are within 10.8 percent. Larger differences rarely occur and can be due to rainfall. The instruments connected to the Venturi meters were recalibrated periodically by New York City to improve the accuracy of the recorded flow data. The USGS streamgage on the West Branch Delaware River at Stilesville, N.Y. (site number 01425000; fig. 1), is 1.4 mi downstream from Cannonsville Dam. Discharge measured at this site includes releases from the Cannonsville Reservoir and runoff from the 2 mi2 of drainage area between the dam and the site. The drainage area is 454 mi2 at the dam and 456 mi2 at the site. The streamgage records are rated “fair,” which means that about 95 percent of the daily mean discharges are within 15 percent of the actual discharge. The records include runoff from the area between the dam and the site and seepage near the base of the dam. Figure 5B shows the releases from the Cannonsville Reservoir (including spillway, conservation, and directed releases) reported by New York City compared with records for the USGS streamgage on the West Branch Delaware River at Stilesville, N.Y. (table 14, in back of report) (USGS, 2019b), from December 1, 2015, to November 30, 2016. The mean difference is 6.1 percent, and 95 percent of the daily differences between the streamgage readings and New York City records are within 21.6 percent. The largest differences between the measured flows are primarily at lower flow rates. The USGS streamgage on the Neversink River at Neversink, N.Y. (site number 01436000; fig. 1), is 1,650 feet (ft) downstream from Neversink Dam. Discharge measured at this site includes releases from the Neversink Reservoir and, during storms, a small amount of runoff that originates between the dam and the site. The drainage area is 92.5 mi2 at the dam and 92.6 mi2 at the site. The streamgage records are rated “good,” which means that about 95 percent of the measured daily mean discharges are within 10 percent of the actual discharge. Figure 5C shows releases from the Neversink Reservoir, including spillway, conservation, and directed releases, reported by New York City, compared with the records for the USGS streamgage on the Neversink River at Neversink, N.Y. (table 15, in back of report) (USGS, 2019c), from December 1, 2015, to November 30, 2016. The mean difference between the released flow and measured flow is 5.5 percent, and 95 percent of the daily differences between the streamgage readings and New York City records are within 10.9 percent.

Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey The ODRM’s operations record for the Delaware River at Montague, N.J. (table 10), site showed 0.74 percent less discharge for the report year than the published USGS record for the streamgage (table 11). Daily values for the two records agreed closely, except during ice-affected periods and the summer vegetation growth season.

Conformance of Operations Under the Amended Decree of the Supreme Court of the United States Entered June 7, 1954 From December 1, 2015, to November 30, 2016, operations by the ODRM were conducted as stipulated by the Decree, the FFMP, and DRBC Resolution 2016–07. Diversions from the Delaware River Basin to the New York City water supply system did not exceed those authorized by the Decree, the FFMP, and DRBC Resolution 2016–07. New York City released water from its reservoirs at rates directed by the ODRM to meet the applicable Montague flow objective. During the report year, New York City complied fully with all the directives and requests of the ODRM. Diversions from the Delaware River Basin by New Jersey were within the limits stipulated by the Decree, the FFMP, and DRBC Resolution 2016–07. New Jersey complied fully with all the directives and requests of the ODRM. The IERQ was used in accordance with the FFMP and agreements completed throughout the report year.

Quality of Water in the Delaware River Estuary This section describes water-quality monitoring programs for the Delaware River estuary during the 2016 report year. Selected data are presented, and waterquality conditions are summarized.

Water-Quality Monitoring Programs U.S. Geological Survey Continuous Water-Quality Monitoring Program As part of a long-term program, in cooperation with the DRBC, the USGS operates continuous water-quality monitors at four locations in the Delaware River estuary between the streamgages at Trenton, N.J., and Reedy Island Jetty, Delaware (Del.) (fig. 6).

12 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016 800

700 600 y = 0.983x + 4.6056 R2 = 0.982

500 400 300 200

New York City Reservoir-measured mean flow, in cubic feet per second

100 0

1,800

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

1,600 1,400 1,200 1,000

y = 1.0375x − 2.9844 R2 = 0.9747

800 600 400 200 0

350

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

300 250 200 y = 1.0823x − 8.6262 R2 = 0.876

150 100 50 0

100

150

200

250

300

U.S. Geological Survey-computed mean flow, in cubic feet per second

Figure 5. Graphs showing New York City-measured mean flow compared with computed mean flow records of U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) streamgaging sites downstream from their respective reservoirs: (A) East Branch Delaware River at Downsville, New York (N.Y.) (site number 01417000), downstream from Pepacton Reservoir (data from USGS [2019a]); (B) West Branch Delaware River at Stilesville, N.Y. (site number 01425000), downstream from Cannonsville Reservoir (data from USGS [2019b]); and (C) Neversink River at Neversink, N.Y. (site number 01436000), downstream from Neversink Reservoir (data from USGS [2019c]), December 1, 2015, through November 30, 2016.

Quality of Water in the Delaware River Estuary 13 75°30'

75°00'

wa ela

er Riv

PENNSYLVANIA

C D

h Sc

lki

40°00'

River

G 3

EXPLANATION U.S. Geological Survey continuous monitoring site and identifier

F 1 2

3 4

J K

Delaware River Basin Commission periodic sampling site name and identifier

L M N

39°30'

NEW JERSEY

Trenton Benjamin Franklin Bridge (Philadelphia) Chester Reedy Island Jetty

S DELAWARE T

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N P Q R S T U V W

Biles Channel Florence Bend Burlington-Bristol Bridge Torresdale Betsy Ross Bridge Benjamin Franklin Bridge Navy Yard Paulsboro Eddystone Marcus Hook Oldmans Point Cherry Island New Castle Pea Patch Island Reedy Point Liston Point Smyrna River Ship John Light Mahon River Elbow of Crossledge South of Joe Flogger Shoal South of Brown Shoal

V Delaware Bay 39°00'

0 0

5 5

10 MILES 10 KILOMETERS

Figure 6. Map showing location of Delaware River Basin Commission (DRBC) water-quality monitoring sites on the Delaware River estuary. Modified from DRBC (2022). U.S. Geological Survey streamgaging sites (1–4) and DRBC sampling sites (A–N, P–W) are listed.

14 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016 Continuous water temperature, specific conductance, dissolved oxygen, and pH data were collected at four sites: the Delaware River at Trenton, N.J. (USGS site number 01463500); the Delaware River at Benjamin Franklin Bridge at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (Pa.) (USGS site number 01467200); the Delaware River at Chester, Pa. (USGS site number 01477050); and the Delaware River at Reedy Island Jetty, Del. (USGS site number 01482800). Continuous turbidity data were also collected at the Trenton and Reedy Island Jetty streamgages. The DRBC and others use these data to assess water-quality conditions and track the “salt front” movement in the Delaware River estuary. Continuous monitoring data are processed and stored in the USGS National Water Information System database (NWIS) and are available at https://waterdata.usgs.gov/ nwis. Selected monitoring data from the 2016 report year are included in this report section. For this report, USGS site number 01467200 is referred to as the “Delaware River at Benjamin Franklin Bridge at Philadelphia, Pa.,” because that was the gage name during the report period from December 1, 2016, to November 30, 2017. The gage was moved 150 ft upstream and renamed the “Delaware River at Penn’s Landing, Philadelphia, Pa.,” in January 2020. The updated name is used in the “References Cited” section to refer to the nomenclature used in the NWIS database.

Delaware River Estuary Boat Run Monitoring Program Each year, the DBRC contracts with the Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control to collect water samples at 22 sites on the Delaware River estuary (fig. 6, sites A–N, P–W) (DRBC, 2022). Samples are collected once a month from April to October. The goals of this program are to provide accurate, precise, and defensible estimates of the surface-water quality of the Delaware River estuary and allow for an assessment of compliance with water-quality criteria. Sample analysis includes routine and bacterial parameters, nutrients, heavy metals, chlorophyll-a, dissolved silica, and volatile organics. Water-quality data for these DBRC sampling sites are not presented in this report but are accessible from the DRBC Delaware Estuary Water Quality (Boat Run) Explorer (https://www.nj.gov/drbc/ programs/quality/boat-run_explorer-app.html).

Water Quality During the 2016 Report Year Streamflow Streamflow significantly affects water quality in the Delaware River estuary. Large freshwater inflows commonly result in improved water quality by limiting the upstream movement of seawater and reducing the concentration of

dissolved substances. High inflows also aid in maintaining lower water temperatures during warm weather and support higher concentrations of dissolved oxygen. Under certain conditions, however, high streamflows can transport large quantities of nutrients to the estuary, which could result in excessive algae levels. Streamflow from the Delaware River Basin upstream from the Trenton site is the primary source of freshwater inflow to the Delaware River estuary. During the report year, monthly average streamflow measured at the USGS streamgage at the Delaware River at Trenton, N.J. (site number 01463500), was highest during February 2016 (20,443 ft3/s) and lowest during September 2016 (3,015 ft3/s; table 16, in back of report). Long-term monthly mean streamflow was computed for October 1912–November 2015 (USGS, 2019f). Monthly mean streamflows were less than the long-term mean monthly streamflows for December 2015–February 2016 and less than the long-term mean monthly streamflows for March– November 2016. The greatest percentage of flow deficiency was in July 2016, when the monthly mean streamflow was 24 percent of the long-term mean monthly flow. The highest daily mean streamflow during the report year was 66,300 ft3/s on February 26, 2016, and the lowest was 2,510 ft3/s on September 8, 2016 (table 16).

Water Temperature Water temperature significantly influences water quality, as it affects water’s various physical, chemical, and biological properties (USGS, 2020c). Generally, increases in water temperature have detrimental effects on water quality by decreasing the dissolved oxygen saturation levels and increasing the biological activity of aquatic organisms. Although the primary factors that affect water temperature in the Delaware River estuary are climatic, various kinds of water use, especially powerplant cooling, can also have substantial effects. Water temperature data for the monitoring site at the Benjamin Franklin Bridge, Philadelphia, Pa. (USGS site number 01467200), were collected almost continuously from April to November 2016. The procedures used to create figure 7 of this report were started for the 2011 report (DiFrenna and others, 2020) and are described here. The available long-term average daily temperature data were retrieved from the USGS NWIS database for April–November; the average value was computed for each month. Long-term average water temperatures were computed using data from 1964 to 2015 (fig. 7). The monthly average temperature was greater than the long-term average monthly temperature in April and from June through November 2016 (fig. 7). Monthly mean temperatures were less than the respective long-term mean monthly temperature only in May 2016 (fig. 7). The maximum daily mean water temperature of 28.9 degrees Celsius was recorded on August 20 and 21, 2016 (USGS, 2020d).

Quality of Water in the Delaware River Estuary 15

Specific Conductance and Chloride

Dissolved Oxygen

Specific conductance is a measure of the capacity of water to conduct an electrical current and is a function of the types and quantities of dissolved substances in water (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2016). As concentrations of dissolved ions increase, the specific conductance of the water also increases. Specific conductance measurements are good indicators of dissolved solids content and total ion concentrations, including chloride. Seawater and some artificial constituents can cause the specific conductance of estuary water to increase substantially. Dilution associated with high freshwater inflows results in decreased levels of dissolved solids and lower specific conductance, whereas low inflows have the opposite effect. The upstream movement of seawater and the accompanying increase in chloride concentrations is an essential concern for water supplies obtained from the Delaware River estuary (Kauffman and others, 2009). Water with chloride concentrations greater than 250 milligrams per liter (mg/L) is considered undesirable for domestic use, and water with concentrations exceeding 50 mg/L is unsatisfactory for chemically sensitive consumers and some industrial processes. Chloride concentrations in the estuary increase in a downstream direction with proximity to the Atlantic Ocean. Specific conductance, not chloride concentration, was measured by the USGS at the streamgage at Reedy Island Jetty, Del. (USGS site number 01482800). Chloride concentrations at Chester, Pa., were measured by Kimberly-Clark Chester Operations. Those data were provided by the DRBC and are not derived from specific conductance data. At the Reedy Island Jetty site, the greatest daily maximum specific conductance was 26,100 microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius (µS/cm at 25 °C) on November 28, 2016 (table 17, in back of report) (USGS, 2020h). Daily maximum specific conductance during the report year exceeded 3,780 µS/cm at 25 °C on approximately 99 percent of the 364 days with measured specific conductance values in report year 2016. The lowest daily minimum specific conductance was 430 µS/cm at 25 °C on March 3, 2016. Daily minimum specific conductance exceeded 3,780 µS/ cm at 25 °C on 76 percent of the 364 days with measured specific conductance values in report year 2016. The data measured by Kimberly-Clark Chester Operations at Chester, Pa., indicates the greatest daily maximum chloride concentration was 651 mg/L on 41 days between October 19 and November 30, 2016 (table 18, in back of report). During the report year, daily maximum concentrations exceeded 50 mg/L on about 95 percent of the 365 days on which measurements were taken. The lowest daily minimum chloride concentration was 33 mg/L on December 3, 2015. Daily minimum concentrations exceeded 50 mg/L on about 50 percent of the reported days, including from December 1, 2015, to November 30, 2016 (table 18).

Dissolved oxygen in water is necessary for the respiratory processes of aquatic organisms and chemical reactions in aquatic environments (USGS, 2020a). The primary source of dissolved oxygen in the Delaware River estuary is diffusion from the atmosphere and, to a lesser extent, the photosynthetic activity of aquatic plants. The principal factors that affect dissolved-oxygen concentrations in the estuary are water temperature, biochemical oxygen demand, freshwater inflow, phytoplankton, turbidity, salinity, and tidal and winddriven mixing. Concentrations of dissolved oxygen at several sites on the Delaware River estuary have been measured since 1961 by the USGS. Two of these sites—the Delaware River at Benjamin Franklin Bridge at Philadelphia, Pa. (USGS site number 01467200), and the Delaware River at Chester, Pa. (USGS site number 01477050)—have nearly continuous records and are in the reach of the estuary most affected by effluent discharges, which can lead to reduced dissolved oxygen concentrations because of increasing biological oxygen demand by aerobic bacteria in the water For these sites, the daily mean and minimum daily mean dissolved-oxygen concentrations for July–September during the 1965–2016 report years are shown in figure 8. Although dissolved-oxygen concentrations increased over this 52-year period, mean concentrations can vary from year to year. Due to changes in technology and other factors, the process used to calculate mean dissolved-oxygen concentrations and the associated data values has changed slightly over time. The procedures used to create figure 8 of this report were started for the 2009–10 Delaware River Master report (Russell and others, 2019). The available mean and minimum daily dissolved-oxygen concentration data were downloaded from the USGS NWIS database for July, August, and September, and the average mean and average minimum dissolved-oxygen concentrations of the daily values were computed over these 3 months for each report year. Dissolved oxygen concentrations in the Delaware River estuary are usually highest near the Trenton site and decrease in a downstream direction. Concentrations commonly reach minimum levels in an area just downstream from the Benjamin Franklin Bridge site. During the report year, the lowest recorded daily mean concentration was 4.0 mg/L on July 30 and August 2, 2016 (table 19, in back of report) (USGS, 2020d). Daily mean dissolved-oxygen concentrations were consistently 6.0 mg/L or greater from April 1 through May 31, 2016, and from October 6 through November 30, 2016. At the Chester site, the lowest recorded daily mean dissolved-oxygen concentration was 4.9 mg/L on August 1 and 2, 2016 (table 20, in back of report) (USGS, 2020f). Histograms of quarter-hourly dissolved-oxygen concentrations during the critical summer period (July 1–30, 2016) at the Benjamin Franklin Bridge and Chester sites are presented in figure 9. During the 2016 critical summer period, quarter-hourly concentrations were 4 mg/L or less on 14 days (14.6 percent of

16 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016 measured days) at the Benjamin Franklin Bridge monitoring site and on no days (0 percent) at the Chester monitoring site (USGS, 2020e, g).

Hydrogen-Ion Activity (pH) The pH of a solution is a measure of the effective concentration (activity) of dissolved hydrogen ions. Solutions with a pH less than 7 are acidic, whereas solutions with a pH greater than 7 are basic or alkaline. The pH of uncontaminated surface water usually ranges from 6.5 to 8.5. Significant factors affecting the pH of surface water include the geologic composition of the drainage basin and human inputs, including effluent discharges. In addition, photosynthetic activity and dissolved gases, including carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, and ammonia, affect pH. The pH of water determines the solubility (the amount that can be dissolved in the water) and

biological availability (the amount that can be used by aquatic life) of chemical constituents such as nutrients (phosphorus, nitrogen, and carbon) and heavy metals (for example, lead, copper, and cadmium; USGS [2020b]). During the report year, pH was measured seasonally (April–November) at the Benjamin Franklin Bridge and Chester sites and continuously at the Reedy Island Jetty site. During these periods, the ranges of daily median pH measured at these sites are as follows: Benjamin Franklin Bridge, 6.9–7.6; Chester, 6.9–7.6; and Reedy Island Jetty, 7.3–8.1 (USGS, 2020d, f, h). Generally, the pH of water in the Delaware River estuary is lowest near the Trenton site and increases (the water becomes more alkaline) in the downstream direction. The pH of water in the Delaware River estuary between the Benjamin Franklin Bridge and Reedy Island Jetty was not a limiting factor for aquatic health or other beneficial water-uses during the report year.

EXPLANATION Average monthly, 1964 to 2015 Monthly average, 2016

Water temperature, in degrees Celsius

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

2016

Figure 7. Bar chart showing monthly average water temperatures in 2016 and long-term average monthly water temperatures from 1964 to 2016, for April through November, in the Delaware River estuary at Benjamin Franklin Bridge at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (USGS site number 01467200) (data from USGS [2020d]). Water temperatures are given in degrees Celsius.

Quality of Water in the Delaware River Estuary 17

A Delaware River at Benjamin Franklin Bridge at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (01467200)

Dissolved-oxygen concentration, in milligrams per liter

EXPLANATION 1

Mean Minimum daily mean

0 7

Delaware River at Chester, Pennsylvania (01477050)

EXPLANATION Mean

Minimum daily mean 0 1965

1970

1975

1980

1985

1990

Year

1995

2000

2005

2010

2015

2020

Figure 8. Graphs showing the daily mean and minimum daily mean dissolved-oxygen concentrations, in milligrams per liter, averaged from July to September, annually, at two sites on the Delaware River estuary, 1965–2016, at (A) Delaware River at Benjamin Franklin Bridge at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (Pa.) (U.S. Geological Survey [USGS] site number 01457200; data from USGS [2020d]); and (B) Delaware River at Chester, Pa. (USGS site number 01477050; data from USGS [2020f]).

18 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016 A

11.0

Dissolved-oxygen concentration, in milligrams per liter

B Delaware River at Chester, Pennsylvania (01477050)

Delaware River at Benjamin Franklin Bridge at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (01467200)

10.5 10.0 9.5 9.0 8.5 8.0 7.5 7.0 6.5 6.0 5.5 5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 0

40 0

Percent of time

Figure 9. Graphs showing percent distribution of quarter-hourly dissolved-oxygen concentrations, in milligrams per liter, at two sites on the Delaware River estuary, from July to September 2016 for (A) Delaware River at Benjamin Franklin Bridge at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (Pa.) (U.S. Geological Survey [USGS] site number 01467200; data from USGS [2020e]); and (B) Delaware River at Chester, Pa. (USGS site number 01477050; data from USGS [2020g]).

Tables 1, 3–11, and 13–20 19

Tables 1, 3–11, and 13–20 Table 1. Precipitation in the Delaware River Basin upstream of Montague, New Jersey. [Data are from the National Weather Service, the New York City Department of Environmental Protection, and the Office of the Delaware River Master. in., inch; —, not applicable]

December 2015–November 2016 December 1940–November 2015 monthly average precipitation (in.)

Precipitation (in.)

Percent of average

Month

Cumulative

December

3.49

3.92

112

0.43

January

3.01

1.73

–1.28

–0.85

February

2.63

4.31

164

1.68

0.83

March

3.37

1.39

–1.98

–1.15

April

3.75

2.65

–1.10

–2.25

May

4.17

3.55

–0.62

–2.87

June

4.27

3.21

–1.06

–3.93

July

4.21

6.27

149

2.06

–1.87

August

4.05

4.26

105

0.21

–1.66

September

4.09

1.99

–2.10

–3.76

October

3.73

3.24

–0.49

–4.25

Month

Excess or deficit precipitation compared with long-term average (in.)

November

3.69

2.08

–1.61

–5.86

Total

44.46

38.60

—

20 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016 Table 3. Storage in Pepacton Reservoir, New York, for report year ending November 30, 2016. [Delaware River Master daily operations record; gage reading at 0800 hours; data provided by New York City, Department of Environmental Protection, Bureau of Water Supply. Storage is given in millions of gallons above the elevation of 1,152.00 feet. Add 7,711 million gallons for total contents above the sill of the outlet tunnel at the elevation of 1,126.50 feet. Storage at the spillway level is 140,190 million gallons. ft3/s, cubic foot per second; Mgal/d, million gallons per day; —, not applicable] Day

Dec. 2015

Jan. 2016

Feb. 2016

Mar. 2016

Apr. 2016

May 2016

June 2016

July 2016

Aug. 2016

Sept. 2016

Oct. 2016

Nov. 2016

97,450

107,863

113,832

128.937

128,532

138,572

137,930

129,412

121,351

112,365

101,117

85,087

97,328

108,427

113,733

129,253

128,585

138,885

137,693

128,954

121,231

112,316

100,761

84,594

97,587

108,959

113,338

129,430

128,690

139,142

137,437

128,514

121,060

111,889

100,450

84,103

97,816

109,461

113,535

129,412

128,884

139,289

137,310

128,022

120,735

111,415

100,109

83,667

98,076

109,754

113,650

129,306

129,007

139,308

137,419

127,565

120,327

110,941

99,769

83,165

98,291

109,981

113,848

129,148

128,866

139,345

137,875

127,093

119,902

110,436

99,428

82,538

98,475

110,192

114,097

129,042

128,901

139,693

137,730

126,621

119,580

109,932

99,106

81,940

98,690

110,485

114,379

128,972

130,138

139,969

137,730

126,307

119,155

109,883

98,690

81,168

98,598

110,794

114,429

128,813

131,167

140,043

137,492

126,236

118,681

109,819

98,229

80,533

98,813

111,154

114,412

128,690

132,076

140,079

137,127

126,603

118,192

109,689

97,755

79,960

98,998

111,824

114,512

128,725

132,826

140,061

136,799

126,673

117,989

109,624

97,298

79,155

99,151

112,266

114,545

128,813

133,599

140,024

136,508

126,638

117,669

109,559

96,780

78,342

99,290

112,415

114,595

128,849

134,372

139,895

136,109

126,167

117,736

109,154

96,234

77,521

99,413

112,712

114,446

128,919

135,004

140,061

135,765

125,747

118,039

108,669

95,750

76,702

99,753

113,189

114,279

128,937

135,493

140,024

135,294

125,366

117,888

108,250

95,176

75,944

100,078

113,584

114,462

128,849

135,946

139,914

134,877

124,932

117,635

107,734

94,635

75,347

100,280

114,113

116,160

128,884

136,381

139,785

134,588

124,551

117,366

107,220

94,126

74,701

100,652

114,379

116,964

128,866

136,799

139,601

134,318

124,135

117,048

106,788

93,527

74,124

100,993

114,495

117,602

128,813

137,218

139,472

134,012

123,773

116,713

106,452

92,873

73,576

101,320

114,628

118,175

128,901

137,310

139,326

133,707

123,756

116,294

106,084

92,264

73,081

101,680

114,828

118,681

128,866

137,181

139,234

133,401

123,722

115,893

105,637

91,806

72,574

102,023

114,895

119,172

128,849

137,346

139,087

133,114

123,687

115,625

105,129

91,423

72,072

102,570

114,828

119,580

128,673

137,638

138,976

132,773

123,635

115,243

104,653

90,863

71,545

103,105

114,678

119,987

128,497

137,893

139,013

132,469

123,583

114,812

104,177

90,219

71,172

103,767

114,545

122,464

128,514

138,113

139,197

132,022

123,514

114,313

103,688

89,462

70,765

104,431

114,462

125,245

128,549

138,296

139,142

131,523

123,549

113,865

103,183

88,662

70,371

105,002

114,379

126,777

128,532

138,480

139,068

131,043

123,170

113,453

102,822

88,157

70,053

105,621

114,329

127,776

128,567

138,811

138,976

130,759

122,670

112,975

102,367

87,681

69,776

106,212

114,246

128,479

128,585

138,664

138,811

130,351

122,327

112,563

101,914

87,023

69,625

106,580

114,130

—

128,549

138,425

138,572

129,890

121,899

112,481

101,523

86,294

69,763

107,204

114,031

—

128,532

—

138,425

—

121,660

112,398

—

85,611

—

Change1

+9,754

+6,168

+14,647

–405.0

+9,893

–147

–8,040

–7,752

–8,953

–10,842

–15,506

–15,324

Equivalent change2 (Mgal/d)

+314.6

+199.0

+505.1

–13.1

+329.8

–4.7

–268.0

–250.1

–288.8

–361.4

–500.2

–510.8

Equivalent change3 (ft3/s)

+487

+308

+781

–20.3

+510

–7.3

–415

–387

–447

–559

–774

–790

1Change is calculated as the storage on the last day of each month minus the storage on the first day of each month. Net change for the year is –27,793.0 million gallons. Minimum and maximum storage for December–May are 97,328 and 140,079 million gallons, respectively. Minimum and maximum storage for June–November are 69,625 and 137,930 million gallons, respectively. 2Net equivalent for the year is –75.9 million gallons per day. 3Net equivalent for the year is –117.5 cubic feet per second.

Tables 1, 3–11, and 13–20 21 Table 4. Storage in Cannonsville Reservoir, New York, for report year ending November 30, 2016. [Delaware River Master daily operations record; gage reading at 0800 hours; data provided by New York City, Department of Environmental Protection, Bureau of Water Supply. Storage is given in millions of gallons above the elevation of 1,040.00 feet. Add 2,584 million gallons for total contents above the sill of the outlet tunnel at the elevation of 1,020.50 feet. Storage at spillway level is 95,706 million gallons. ft3/s, cubic foot per second; Mgal/d, million gallons per day; —, not applicable] Day

Dec. 2015

Jan. 2016

Feb. 2016

Mar. 2016

Apr. 2016

May 2016

June 2016

July 2016

Aug. 2016

Sept. 2016

Oct. 2016

Nov. 2016

62,848

73,914

80,378

92,999

87,435

92,542

93,014

84,126

72,960

65,535

45,534

28,396

63,103

74,740

80,226

93,014

87,392

92,436

92,558

83,851

72,894

64,835

45,012

28,132

63,447

75,500

80,074

92,892

87,421

92,770

92,070

83,648

72,907

64,082

44,344

27,877

63,765

76,163

80,212

92,634

87,739

93,166

91,827

83,403

72,801

63,408

43,699

27,375

64,033

76,661

80,350

92,299

87,782

93,546

91,690

83,172

72,642

62,683

43,309

26,864

64,287

76,992

80,378

91,888

87,724

93,911

92,055

82,593

72,430

61,817

42,952

26,285

64,542

77,034

80,378

91,431

87,695

94,398

92,192

82,333

72,245

61,053

42,531

25,690

64,759

77,075

80,364

91,036

89,438

94,854

92,223

82,131

72,020

60,317

42,111

25,009

64,988

77,117

80,364

90,731

91,325

95,219

92,162

81,885

71,781

59,816

41,722

24,248

65,192

77,255

80,308

90,610

92,542

95,554

92,040

81,871

71,543

59,145

41,343

23,505

65,408

78,429

80,253

90,731

93,425

95,867

91,659

81,712

71,265

58,510

40,955

22,755

65,586

79,231

80,087

91,005

93,987

96,108

91,203

81,510

70,828

57,728

40,514

21,989

65,764

79,631

79,866

91,142

94,428

96,269

90,762

81,250

71,132

56,825

40,031

21,200

65,955

79,894

79,645

91,279

94,626

96,623

90,321

81,018

71,291

55,872

39,558

20,449

66,019

80,226

79,341

91,370

94,733

96,816

89,849

80,792

71,371

54,813

38,570

19,900

66,286

80,543

79,465

91,462

94,733

96,848

89,378

80,530

71,278

53,646

37,609

19,408

66,630

80,932

81,365

91,416

94,672

96,848

88,861

80,308

71,159

52,525

36,657

18,951

66,707

81,221

82,550

91,188

94,504

96,832

88,343

79,825

71,040

51,931

35,716

18,550

66,783

81,365

83,302

90,990

94,291

96,591

87,898

79,548

70,589

51,954

34,904

18,311

66,821

81,568

83,764

90,868

94,368

96,334

87,435

78,857

70,099

52,257

34,131

18,093

66,847

81,755

84,082

90,564

94,535

96,108

86,987

78,125

69,847

51,558

33,774

17,840

66,885

81,828

84,342

90,245

94,459

95,915

86,525

77,379

69,834

50,717

33,102

17,537

67,437

81,698

84,776

89,895

94,291

95,738

86,063

76,633

69,450

49,889

32,546

17,376

68,020

81,597

85,167

89,560

94,094

95,554

85,557

75,777

68,974

49,247

31,962

17,249

68,603

81,467

86,828

89,195

93,820

95,326

85,268

74,851

68,550

48,670

31,202

17,144

69,066

81,322

90,458

88,845

93,577

95,113

84,979

74,243

68,099

48,103

30,516

17,024

69,675

81,192

91,736

88,450

93,470

94,854

84,689

73,874

67,689

47,558

30,182

16,996

70,497

81,091

92,405

88,042

93,303

94,520

84,241

73,622

67,450

46,969

29,709

17,319

71,291

80,946

92,816

87,826

93,059

94,200

84,328

73,424

67,216

46,435

29,542

17,755

72,033

80,778

—

87,666

92,816

93,820

84,212

73,159

66,681

46,024

29,144

18,430

72,960

80,557

—

87,536

—

93,440

—

73,079

66,095

—

28,764

—

Change1

+10,112

+6,643

+12438

–5,463

+5,381

+898

–8,802

–11,407

–6,865

–19,511

–16,770

–9,966

–650.4

–541.0

–332.2

–837

–514

Equivalent change2 (Mgal/d)

+326.2

+214.3

+428.9

–176.2

+179.4

+29.0

–293.4

–356.4

–221.5

Equivalent change3 (ft3/s)

+505

+332

+664

–273

+278

–44.9

–454

–551

–343

–1,006

1Change is calculated as the storage on the last day of each month minus the storage on the first day of each month. Net change for the year is −17,404.0 million gallons. Minimum and maximum storage for December–May are 62,848 and 96,848 million gallons, respectively. Minimum and maximum storage for June–November are 16,996 and 93,014, respectively. 2Net equivalent for the year is –120.7 million gallons per day. 3Net equivalent for the year is –186.8 cubic feet per second.

22 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016 Table 5. Storage in Neversink Reservoir, New York, for report year ending November 30, 2016. [Delaware River Master daily operations record; gage reading at 0800 hours; data provided by New York City, Department of Environmental Protection, Bureau of Water Supply. Storage is given in millions of gallons above the elevation of 1,319.00 feet. Add 525 million gallons for total contents above the sill of the outlet tunnel at the elevation of 1,314.00 feet. Storage at spillway level is 34,941 million gallons. ft3/s, cubic foot per second; Mgal/d, million gallons per day; —, not applicable] Day

Dec. 2015

Jan. 2016

Feb. 2016

Mar. 2016

Apr. 2016

May 2016

June 2016

July 2016

Aug. 2016

Sept. 2016

Oct. 2016

Nov. 2016

33,177

32,834

31,560

34,591

32,615

34,518

34,072

32,401

28,716

26,949

25,329

22,811

33,297

32,786

31,555

34,483

32,667

34,596

34,037

32,264

28,734

26,906

25,304

22,791

33,269

32,723

31,541

34,350

32,747

34,665

34,003

32,194

28,712

26,864

25,275

22,768

33,240

32,619

31,813

34,214

32,786

34,587

33,993

32,140

28,646

26,804

25,246

22,752

33,153

32,444

31,962

34,052

32,843

34,572

33,983

32,090

28,592

26,766

25,197

22,713

33,067

32,203

32,014

33,925

32,838

34,533

34,160

31,929

28,425

26,710

25,172

22,694

32,972

32,085

32,066

33,775

32,876

34,725

34,204

31,713

28,368

26,668

25,122

22,669 22,525

32,885

31,939

32,099

33,625

33,201

34,922

34,204

31,475

28,311

26,617

25,089

32,767

31,914

32,118

33,490

33,307

35,011

34,194

31,313

28,250

26,511

25,056

22,501

32,628

32,014

32,131

33,341

33,446

35,026

34,126

31,484

28,184

26,397

25,014

22,470

32,505

32,552

32,146

33,235

33,563

35,041

34,086

31,541

28,154

26,359

24,977

22,443

32,377

32,767

32,066

33,129

33,746

35,055

34,067

31,438

27,983

26,312

24,936

22,412

32,245

32,714

31,953

33,005

33,959

35,065

34,032

31,271

27,835

26,261

24,895

22,388

32,108

32,486

31,667

32,862

34,121

35,070

33,998

31,026

27,896

26,215

24,863

22,369

32,056

32,363

31,429

32,805

33,843

35,050

33,969

30,795

27,970

26,156

24,764

22,186 21,988

32,014

32,288

31,429

32,647

33,543

34,892

33,929

30,373

27,875

26,106

24,711

31,914

32,231

32,155

32,486

33,620

34,730

33,896

30,128

27,757

26,022

24,682

21,737

32,005

32,118

32,368

32,349

33,717

34,587

33,848

30,100

27,740

25,959

24,645

21,500

32,009

31,986

32,245

32,377

33,804

34,448

33,809

29,910

27,653

25,929

24,515

21,237

32,122

31,944

32,122

32,386

33,872

34,428

33,761

29,860

27,528

25,908

24,389

20,991

32,245

31,881

32,222

32,396

33,925

34,433

33,539

29,819

27,494

25,862

24,173

20,742

32,368

31,686

32,288

32,405

33,993

34,478

33,379

29,760

27,472

25,813

23,983

20,484

32,519

31,560

32,349

32,410

34,028

34,523

33,211

29,724

27,434

25,750

23,938

20,220

32,786

31,569

32,405

32,396

34,067

34,562

33,168

29,665

27,391

25,703

23,914

20,053

33,048

31,578

33,620

32,396

34,111

34,591

33,105

29,611

27,331

25,642

23,882

19,862

33,101

31,591

34,587

32,396

34,160

34,487

33,048

29,589

27,288

25,591

23,705

19,675

33,057

31,600

34,720

32,386

34,228

34,370

32,995

29,414

27,227

25,533

23,501

19,485

33,005

31,606

34,725

32,386

34,291

34,296

32,857

29,195

27,180

25,487

23,382

19,311

32,948

31,582

34,675

32,481

34,340

34,291

32,738

28,977

27,124

25,433

23,207

19,307

32,862

31,578

—

32,515

34,443

34,296

32,567

28,756

27,073

25,387

23,012

19,708

32,819

31,569

—

32,567

—

34,296

—

28,738

27,009

—

22,826

—

Change1

–358

–1,265

+3,115

–2,024

+1,828

–222

–1,505

–3,663

–1,707

–1,562

–2,503

–3,103

Equivalent change2 (Mgal/d)

–11.5

–40.8

+107.4

–65.3

+60.9

–7.2

–50.2

–118.2

–55.1

–52.1

–80.7

–103.4

Equivalent change3 (ft3/s)

–17.8

–63.1

+166

–101

+94.2

–11.1

–77.7

–183

–85.2

–80.6

–125

–160

1Change is calculated as the storage on the last day of each month minus the storage on the first day of each month. The net change for the year is –13,469.0 million gallons. Minimum and maximum storage for December–May are 31,429 and 35,070 million gallons, respectively; minimum and maximum storage for June–November are 19,307 and 34,204 million gallons, respectively. 2The net equivalent for the year is –36.8 million gallons per day. 3The net equivalent for the year is –56.9 cubic feet per second.

Tables 1, 3–11, and 13–20 23 Table 6. Diversions to New York City water supply system for report year ending November 30, 2016. [Delaware River Master daily operations record. Diversions in million gallons per day for each 24-hour period beginning 0800 local time. For December 1– May 31, the average is computed beginning June 1, 2015, to the given date. For June 1–November 30, the average is computed beginning June 1, 2016, to the given date. The diversion calculation is computed as authorized within the Decree. —, not applicable] Date

East Delaware

West Delaware

Neversink

Average from

Tunnel

June 1

Date

East Delaware

West Delaware

Neversink

Average from

Tunnel

June 1

12/1/2015

299

501

1/1/2016

198

471

12/2/2015

204

500

1/2/2016

198

470

12/3/2015

203

498

1/3/2016

198

469

12/4/2015

203

497

1/4/2016

229

468

495

1/5/2016

171

288

468

12/5/2015

203

12/6/2015

203

493

1/6/2016

297

198

468

12/7/2015

170

492

1/7/2016

300

199

468

12/8/2015

203

490

1/8/2016

300

468

12/9/2015

203

489

1/9/2016

300

467

12/10/2015

203

487

1/10/2016

288

466

12/11/2015

203

486

1/11/2016

146

465

12/12/2015

203

484

1/12/2016

301

212

465

12/13/2015

203

483

1/13/2016

301

320

466

12/14/2015

207

203

483

1/14/2016

206

232

466

12/15/2015

152

203

482

1/15/2016

202

198

466

12/16/2015

203

480

1/16/2016

202

198

466

12/17/2015

296

203

481

1/17/2016

202

198

465

12/18/2015

298

203

481

1/18/2016

202

198

465

12/19/2015

298

480

1/19/2016

464

12/20/2015

298

479

1/20/2016

110

123

463

12/21/2015

299

478

1/21/2016

171

202

238

464

12/22/2015

198

477

1/22/2016

290

298

151

465

12/23/2015

237

276

477

1/23/2016

299

300

466

12/24/2015

300

298

477

1/24/2016

299

300

466

12/25/2015

300

298

478

1/25/2016

251

300

466

12/26/2015

103

298

478

1/26/2016

251

300

467

12/27/2015

298

477

1/27/2016

251

300

467

12/28/2015

298

476

1/28/2016

251

300

467

12/29/2015

298

475

1/29/2016

251

300

468

12/30/2015

198

474

1/30/2016

251

300

468

12/31/2015

198

473

1/31/2016

251

300

469

Total

374

2,800

6,078

—

Total

3,325

6,623

3,710

—

24 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016 Table 6. Diversions to New York City water supply system for report year ending November 30, 2016. [Delaware River Master daily operations record. Diversions in million gallons per day for each 24-hour period beginning 0800 local time. For December 1– May 31, the average is computed beginning June 1, 2015, to the given date. For June 1–November 30, the average is computed beginning June 1, 2016, to the given date. The diversion calculation is computed as authorized within the Decree. —, not applicable] Date

East Delaware

West Delaware

Neversink

Average from

Tunnel

June 1

Date

East Delaware

West Delaware

Neversink

Average from

Tunnel

June 1

2/1/2016

253

300

469

3/1/2016

200

453

2/2/2016

451

299

470

3/2/2016

200

452

2/3/2016

267

300

470

3/3/2016

169

200

451

2/4/2016

251

300

471

3/4/2016

200

451

2/5/2016

300

470

3/5/2016

200

451

2/6/2016

300

470

3/6/2016

200

451

2/7/2016

300

469

3/7/2016

200

451

2/8/2016

251

300

469

3/8/2016

200

451

2/9/2016

251

300

470

3/9/2016

200

450

2/10/2016

125

300

469

3/10/2016

200

450

2/11/2016

300

469

3/11/2016

200

450

2/12/2016

300

470

3/12/2016

192

450

2/13/2016

283

300

281

471

3/13/2016

193

196

450

2/14/2016

225

300

223

472

3/14/2016

120

111

449

2/15/2016

470

3/15/2016

200

198

449

2/16/2016

468

3/16/2016

200

195

198

449

2/17/2016

467

3/17/2016

200

299

198

450

2/18/2016

244

466

3/18/2016

264

286

450

2/19/2016

180

221

466

3/19/2016

120

166

450

2/20/2016

298

465

3/20/2016

204

298

450

2/21/2016

284

464

3/21/2016

201

298

450

2/22/2016

463

3/22/2016

201

297

450

2/23/2016

461

3/23/2016

201

299

450

2/24/2016

459

3/24/2016

197

299

451

2/25/2016

457

3/25/2016

201

299

451 451

2/26/2016

174

456

3/26/2016

201

299

2/27/2016

198

455

3/27/2016

201

299

451

2/28/2016

198

455

3/28/2016

201

299

451

2/29/2016

198

454

3/29/2016

201

299

451

Total

2,614

4,962

1,921

—

3/30/2016

201

299

452

3/31/2016

201

299

452

Total

3,325

6,623

3,710

—

Tables 1, 3–11, and 13–20 25 Table 6. Diversions to New York City water supply system for report year ending November 30, 2016. [Delaware River Master daily operations record. Diversions in million gallons per day for each 24-hour period beginning 0800 local time. For December 1– May 31, the average is computed beginning June 1, 2015, to the given date. For June 1–November 30, the average is computed beginning June 1, 2016, to the given date. The diversion calculation is computed as authorized within the Decree. —, not applicable] Date

East Delaware

West Delaware

Neversink

Average from

Tunnel

June 1

Date

East Delaware

West Delaware

Neversink

Average from

Tunnel

June 1

4/1/2016

201

299

452

5/1/2016

298

451

4/2/2016

185

269

452

5/2/2016

152

451

4/3/2016

450

5/3/2016

193

266

451

4/4/2016

137

204

450

5/4/2016

293

206

451

450

5/5/2016

300

198

451

4/5/2016

199

299

4/6/2016

199

299

450

5/6/2016

233

450

4/7/2016

200

299

451

5/7/2016

199

450

4/8/2016

199

300

109

451

5/8/2016

295

449

4/9/2016

300

451

5/9/2016

385

449

4/10/2016

301

450

5/10/2016

399

449

4/11/2016

438

450

5/11/2016

399

449

4/12/2016

481

450

5/12/2016

399

449

4/13/2016

481

450

5/13/2016

399

449

4/14/2016

481

446

452

5/14/2016

443

449

4/15/2016

481

446

453

5/15/2016

450

182

449

4/16/2016

481

453

5/16/2016

450

198

450

4/17/2016

481

453

5/17/2016

450

198

450

4/18/2016

481

454

5/18/2016

400

262

198

451

4/19/2016

324

129

454

5/19/2016

400

299

452

4/20/2016

450

453

5/20/2016

325

300

453

4/21/2016

151

250

453

5/21/2016

301

300

453

4/22/2016

299

453

5/22/2016

298

297

453

4/23/2016

299

452

5/23/2016

101

300

453

4/24/2016

299

452

5/24/2016

300

453

4/25/2016

299

451

5/25/2016

199

300

453

4/26/2016

299

451

5/26/2016

199

299

103

454

4/27/2016

299

451

5/27/2016

233

299

454

4/28/2016

380

299

451

5/28/2016

297

299

455

4/29/2016

450

299

452

5/29/2016

297

299

455

4/30/2016

299

452

5/30/2016

296

299

455

Total

3,087

9,445

1,002

—

5/31/2016

449

299

229

457

Total

3,325

6,623

3,710

—

26 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016 Table 6.

Diversions to New York City water supply system for report year ending November 30, 2016.

[Delaware River Master daily operations record. Diversions in million gallons per day for each 24-hour period beginning 0800 local time. For December 1– May 31, the average is computed beginning June 1, 2015, to the given date. For June 1–November 30, the average is computed beginning June 1, 2016, to the given date. The diversion calculation is computed as authorized within the Decree. —, not applicable] East Delaware

West Delaware

Neversink

Average from

Tunnel

June 1

7/1/2016

450

113

539

7/2/2016

450

536

449

7/3/2016

450

534

337

7/4/2016

450

531

449

295

113

541

East Delaware

West Delaware

Neversink

Average from

Tunnel

June 1

6/1/2016

300

299

599

6/2/2016

300

269

584

6/3/2016

100

6/4/2016

Date

6/5/2016

269

7/5/2016

6/6/2016

253

267

7/6/2016

449

151

542

6/7/2016

300

271

7/7/2016

377

207

544

6/8/2016

300

275

7/8/2016

338

206

544

6/9/2016

439

293

7/9/2016

530

6/10/2016

450

249

334

7/10/2016

516

6/11/2016

450

299

372

7/11/2016

506

6/12/2016

449

299

403

7/12/2016

446

134

508

6/13/2016

450

299

430

7/13/2016

445

206

511

6/14/2016

450

299

452

7/14/2016

449

227

515

6/15/2016

449

299

472

7/15/2016

449

434

523

6/16/2016

300

299

480

7/16/2016

449

244

526

6/17/2016

300

298

487

7/17/2016

431

218

529

6/18/2016

300

230

489

7/18/2016

380

153

530

6/19/2016

300

229

491

7/19/2016

461

529

6/20/2016

300

229

189

503

7/20/2016

472

527

6/21/2016

300

229

112

509

7/21/2016

471

526

6/22/2016

300

229

112

515

7/22/2016

471

525

6/23/2016

302

229

516

7/23/2016

471

524

6/24/2016

449

513

7/24/2016

470

523

6/25/2016

449

511

7/25/2016

470

522

6/26/2016

449

508

7/26/2016

358

115

134

524

6/27/2016

449

294

149

523

7/27/2016

449

172

526

6/28/2016

450

298

114

535

7/28/2016

449

172

527

6/29/2016

450

114

537

7/29/2016

449

172

529

6/30/2016

450

114

538

7/30/2016

449

527

Total

10,238

5,009

904

—

7/31/2016

449

526

Total

9,065

3,959

2,919

—

Tables 1, 3–11, and 13–20 27 Table 6. Diversions to New York City water supply system for report year ending November 30, 2016. [Delaware River Master daily operations record. Diversions in million gallons per day for each 24-hour period beginning 0800 local time. For December 1– May 31, the average is computed beginning June 1, 2015, to the given date. For June 1–November 30, the average is computed beginning June 1, 2016, to the given date. The diversion calculation is computed as authorized within the Decree. —, not applicable] East Delaware

West Delaware

Neversink

Average from

Tunnel

June 1

9/1/2016

426

522

9/2/2016

373

289

524

522

9/3/2016

446

224

525

521

9/4/2016

446

223

527

446

223

528

East Delaware

West Delaware

Neversink

Average from

Tunnel

June 1

8/1/2016

449

525

8/2/2016

416

523

8/3/2016

450

8/4/2016

450

Date

8/5/2016

450

113

522

9/5/2016

8/6/2016

450

520

9/6/2016

450

528

8/7/2016

450

519

9/7/2016

523

8/8/2016

450

518

9/8/2016

519

8/9/2016

450

517

9/9/2016

515

8/10/2016

450

227

521

9/10/2016

510

8/11/2016

449

299

152

526

9/11/2016

505

8/12/2016

450

171

529

9/12/2016

357

207

506

8/13/2016

218

524

9/13/2016

403

204

507

8/14/2016

376

522

9/14/2016

422

218

508

8/15/2016

450

115

523

9/15/2016

450

238

510

8/16/2016

341

522

9/16/2016

450

292

512

8/17/2016

450

521

9/17/2016

450

299

514

8/18/2016

450

287

524

9/18/2016

450

299

516

8/19/2016

450

298

528

9/19/2016

450

299

519

8/20/2016

450

528

9/20/2016

450

289

521

8/21/2016

450

527

9/21/2016

450

299

523

8/22/2016

450

258

529

9/22/2016

450

299

525

8/23/2016

450

285

531

9/23/2016

450

299

526

8/24/2016

450

224

533

9/24/2016

451

298

528

8/25/2016

450

220

535

9/25/2016

451

298

530

8/26/2016

447

200

536

9/26/2016

451

299

532

8/27/2016

446

535

9/27/2016

450

298

534

8/28/2016

428

534

9/28/2016

450

299

536

8/29/2016

277

531

9/29/2016

356

245

536

8/30/2016

333

529

9/30/2016

451

300

538

8/31/2016

333

523

Total

10,610

6,722

185

—

Total

12,126

3,339

899

—

28 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016 Table 6. Diversions to New York City water supply system for report year ending November 30, 2016. [Delaware River Master daily operations record. Diversions in million gallons per day for each 24-hour period beginning 0800 local time. For December 1– May 31, the average is computed beginning June 1, 2015, to the given date. For June 1–November 30, the average is computed beginning June 1, 2016, to the given date. The diversion calculation is computed as authorized within the Decree. —, not applicable] Date

East Delaware

West Delaware

Neversink

Average from

Tunnel

June 1

Date

East Delaware

West Delaware

Neversink

Average from

Tunnel

June 1

10/1/2016

304

299

539

11/1/2016

481

341

592

10/2/2016

304

299

539

11/2/2016

481

341

594

10/3/2016

302

298

540

11/3/2016

300

341

594

10/4/2016

302

298

540

11/4/2016

283

341

594

295

355

594

10/5/2016

302

298

541

11/5/2016

10/6/2016

302

298

541

11/6/2016

283

340

595

10/7/2016

402

298

542

11/7/2016

411

340

116

596

10/8/2016

451

298

544

11/8/2016

271

339

596

10/9/2016

451

297

545

11/9/2016

283

338

597

10/10/2016

451

299

547

11/10/2016

403

337

597

10/11/2016

451

299

548

11/11/2016

478

320

599

10/12/2016

451

299

550

11/12/2016

477

285

600

10/13/2016

482

299

552

11/13/2016

476

247

600

10/14/2016

492

298

554

11/14/2016

545

147

601

10/15/2016

492

298

556

11/15/2016

549

264

602

10/16/2016

492

297

557

11/16/2016

549

264

603

10/17/2016

492

299

559

11/17/2016

549

264

605

10/18/2016

491

299

561

11/18/2016

549

263

606

10/19/2016

491

299

564

11/19/2016

548

263

607

10/20/2016

491

298

205

567

11/20/2016

548

263

608

10/21/2016

490

299

133

569

11/21/2016

548

263

609

10/22/2016

490

299

571

11/22/2016

548

263

611

10/23/2016

490

299

572

11/23/2016

397

166

610

10/24/2016

489

298

574

11/24/2016

452

203

611

10/25/2016

490

298

151

576

11/25/2016

452

203

611

10/26/2016

491

298

170

579

11/26/2016

452

203

611

10/27/2016

491

299

154

581

11/27/2016

451

203

611

10/28/2016

491

299

203

584

11/28/2016

342

610

10/29/2016

490

299

203

587

11/29/2016

400

609

10/30/2016

490

294

203

589

11/30/2016

101

194

607

10/31/2016

459

324

591

Total

12,902

4,272

3,542

—

Total

13,757

9,273

1,691

—

Tables 1, 3–11, and 13–20 29 Table 7. Consumption of water by New York City from 1950 to 2016. [Data provided by New York City Department of Environmental Protection, Bureau of Water Supply. Mgal/d, million gallons per day]

Year

Average daily consumption

Annual consumption (in billions of gallons)

City proper (Mgal/d)

Outside communities (Mgal/d)

Total (Mgal/d)

1950

953.3

29.1

982.4

358.6

1951

1,041.9

28.1

1,070.0

390.6

1952

1,087.0

32.7

1,119.7

409.8

1953

1,093.9

44.6

1,138.5

415.6

1954

1,063.4

46.3

1,109.7

405.0

1955

1,109.9

45.3

1,155.2

421.6

1956

1,111.3

48.9

1,160.2

424.6

1957

1,169.0

57.2

1,226.2

447.6

1958

1,152.9

49.6

1,202.5

438.9

1959

1,204.3

60.3

1,264.6

461.6

1960

1,199.4

58.9

1,258.3

460.5

1961

1,221.0

64.0

1,285.0

469.0

1962

1,207.6

68.8

1,276.4

465.9

1963

1,218.0

76.7

1,294.7

472.6

1964

1,189.2

79.4

1,268.6

464.3

1965

1,052.1

71.2

1,123.3

410.0

1966

1,044.9

73.2

1,118.1

408.1

1967

1,135.3

71.0

1,206.3

440.3

1968

1,242.0

78.2

1,320.2

483.2

1969

1,328.7

80.1

1,408.8

514.2

1970

1,400.3

90.4

1,490.7

544.1

1971

1,423.6

87.9

1,511.5

551.7

1972

1,412.4

83.0

1,495.4

547.3

1973

1,448.9

95.4

1,544.3

563.7

1974

1,441.8

96.3

1,538.1

561.4

1975

1,415.0

92.1

1,507.1

550.1

1976

1,435.0

95.8

1,530.8

560.3

1977

1,483.0

104.7

1,587.7

579.5

1978

1,479.4

103.0

1,582.4

577.6

1979

1,513.0

104.6

1,617.6

590.4

1980

1,506.3

110.1

1,616.3

591.6

1981

1,309.5

100.0

1,409.5

514.5

1982

1,383.0

104.8

1,487.8

543.1

1983

1,424.2

112.6

1,536.8

561.0

1984

1,465.2

113.9

1,579.1

578.0

1985

1,325.4

106.5

1,431.9

522.7

1986

1,351.1

115.2

1,466.3

535.2

1987

1,447.1

119.8

1,566.9

571.9

1988

1,484.3

125.6

1,609.9

589.1

1989

1,402.0

113.4

1,515.4

553.2

1990

1,424.4

122.4

1,546.8

564.6

1991

1,469.9

123.6

1,593.5

581.6

30 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016 Table 7. Consumption of water by New York City from 1950 to 2016. [Data provided by New York City Department of Environmental Protection, Bureau of Water Supply. Mgal/d, million gallons per day]

Year

Average daily consumption

Annual consumption (in billions of gallons)

City proper (Mgal/d)

Outside communities (Mgal/d)

Total (Mgal/d)

1992

1,368.7

113.9

1,482.6

542.6

1993

1,368.9

118.8

1,487.7

543.0

1994

1,357.8

119.2

1,477.0

539.1

1995

1,326.1

123.1

1,449.2

529.0

1996

1,283.5

120.2

1,403.7

512.4

1997

1,201.3

123.5

1,324.8

483.6

1998

1,220.0

124.7

1,344.7

490.8

1999

1,237.2

128.6

1,365.8

498.5

2000

1,240.4

124.9

1,365.3

499.7

2001

1,184.0

128.4

1,312.4

479.0

2002

1,135.6

121.1

1,256.7

458.7

2003

1,093.7

115.9

1,209.6

441.5

2004

1,099.6

117.5

1,217.1

445.5

2005

1,107.6

123.8

1,231.4

449.5

2006

1,069.2

116.8

1,186.0

432.9

2007

1,114.0

122.9

1,237.0

451.5

2008

1,082.9

114.8

1,197.7

438.4

2009

1,007.2

109.4

1,116.6

407.6

2010

1,039.0

119.0

1,158.0

422.7

2011

1,021.0

116.0

1,137.0

415.0

2012

1,009.1

110.2

1,119.3

409.7

2013

1,006.1

110.1

1,116.2

407.4

2014

996.0

109.6

1,105.6

403.5

2015

1,009.8

114.1

1,123.9

410.2

2016

1,001.6

113.5

1,115.1

408.1

Tables 1, 3–11, and 13–20 31 Table 8. Diversions by New Jersey, daily mean discharge, Delaware and Raritan Canal at Port Mercer, New Jersey (U.S. Geological Survey site number 01460440) for report year ending November 30, 2016. [Data from U.S. Geological Survey (2019e). All values except total are in million gallons per day (Mgal/d). Total in million gallons (Mgal). e, estimated; —, not applicable] Day

Dec. 2015

Jan. 2016

Feb. 2016

Mar. 2016

Apr. 2016

May 2016

June 2016

July 2016

Aug. 2016

Sept. 2016

Oct. 2016

Nov. 2016

107

97e

100

104

100

89e

100

103

100e

100

103

101

96e

100

102

100

97e

101

100

99e

101

92e

101

90e

101

100

89e

100

107

100

105

100

101

100

103

102

101

100

101

100

101

100

101

105

–16

101

102

105

101

103

104

100

101

105

100

103

100

102

103

100

—

100

83e

–52

104

100

—

85e

—

–5

—

Total1

3,095

2,966

2,667

3,004

2,968

2,995

2,579

1,577

2,058

2,481

2,760

2,961

Mean2

99.8

95.7

92.0

1The year’s total is 32,111 million gallons. 2The combined mean is 87.8 million gallons per day.

96.9

98.9

96.6

86.0

50.9

66.4

82.7

89.0

98.7

[Delaware River Master daily operations record. The Montague design rate was 1,750 cubic feet per second (ft3/s) through November 22, 2016, and 1,650 ft3/s thereafter. Column (col.) 1 was provided by electric utilities Talen Energy Corp. and Brookfield Renewable U.S.; col. 2 provided by electric utility Eagle Creek Renewable Energy, LLC; col. 3 computed from index gaging stations; col. 4 computed increase in runoff based on quantitative precipitation forecasts; col. 5 = col. 1 + col. 2 + col. 3 + col. 4; col. 6 = design rate − col. 5, when positive, otherwise col. 6 = 0; col. 7 = col. 14 (4 days earlier); col. 8, directed release amount from the Office of the Delaware River Master = col. 6 + col. 7, when positive, otherwise col. 8 =0; col. 9 = col. 7 from table 10; col. 10 = summation of col. 9; col. 11 = flow objective − (col. 9 + col. 10 from table 10) when positive, otherwise col. 11 = 0; col. 12 = summation of col. 11; col. 13 = col. 10 − col. 12; col. 14 = col. 13 divided by −10, limited to ±50 ft3/s; cols. 10, 12, 13, and 14 are accumulated from the previous water year starting June 1, 2015, with these values being reset on June 1, 2016; June 23, 2016, 11 ft3/s calculated balancing adjustment, applied balancing adjustment was 10 ft3/s; June 23, 2016, –10 ft3/s calculated balancing adjustment, applied balancing adjustment was 10 ft3/s; July 2, 2016, no directed release called for, river was not in recession. (ft3/s)-d, cubic foot per second accumulated daily] Advance estimate of discharge of Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey, exclusive of New York City reservoir releases Powerplant release forecasts Date of advance estimate

Uncontrolled runoff

Lake Wallenpaupack (ft3/s)

Rio Reservoir (ft3/s)

Current condition (ft3/s)

Weather adjustment (ft3/s)

Col. 1

Col. 2

Col. 3

Col. 4

Montague date

Discharge (ft3/s)

Col. 5

Computation of balancing adjustment Indicated deficiency

Col. 6

Balancing adjustment

Col. 7

Directed release (ft3/s)

Col. 8

Adjusted directed release

Actual deficiency

Daily (ft3/s)

Cumulative ([ft3/s]-d)

Daily (ft3/s)

Cumulative ([ft3/s]-d)

Col. 9

Col. 10

Col. 11

Cumulative difference ([ft3/s]-d)

Balancing adjustment (ft3/s)

Col. 12

Col. 13

Col. 14 10

The estimated Montague discharge was greater than the Montague design rate from 12/1/2015 to 6/16/2015 6/14/2016

399

1,205

6/17/2016

1,677

176

–103

6/15/2016

312

1,160

6/18/2016

1,490

260

333

264

440

–107

6/16/2016

1,100

6/19/2016

1,143

607

940

404

844

–10

6/17/2016

1,075

6/20/2016

1,165

585

1,525

412

1,256

269

–27

6/18/2016

240

1,045

6/21/2016

1,294

456

466

1,991

364

1,620

371

–37

6/19/2016

503

1,005

6/22/2016

1,544

206

216

2,207

229

1,849

358

–36

6/20/2016

399

940

6/23/2016

1,360

390

400

2,607

362

2,211

396

–40

6/21/2016

935

135

6/24/2016

1,145

605

–27

578

3,185

684

2,895

290

–29

6/22/2016

920

6/25/2016

1,030

720

–37

683

3,868

727

3,622

246

–25

6/23/2016

905

6/26/2016

905

845

–36

809

814

4,682

614

4,236

446

–45

6/24/2016

870

6/27/2016

870

880

–40

840

845

5,527

675

4,911

616

–50

6/25/2016

248

800

6/28/2016

1,107

643

–29

614

6,141

411

5,322

819

–50

6/26/2016

248

850

6/29/2016

1,241

509

–25

484

6,625

5,408

1,217

–50

6/27/2016

248

790

424

6/30/2016

1,462

288

–45

243

6,868

5,408

1,460

–50

6/28/2016

835

669

7/1/2016

1,583

167

–50

117

6,985

5,494

1,491

–50

6/29/2016

311

980

7/2/2016

1,329

421

–50

6,985

5,494

1,491

–50

6/30/2016

1,195

195

7/3/2016

1,469

281

–50

231

7,216

496

5,990

1,226

–50

7/1/2016

1,775

214

7/4/2016

2,068

–50

7,216

5,990

1,226

–50

7/2/2016

141

1,200

7/5/2016

1,341

409

–50

359

7,575

667

6,657

918

–50

7/3/2016

176

1,040

7/6/2016

1,268

482

–50

432

8,007

528

7,185

822

–50

7/4/2016

198

1,000

7/7/2016

1,211

539

–50

489

8,496

355

7,540

956

–50

7/5/2016

192

910

7/8/2016

1,112

638

–50

588

9,084

7,540

1,544

–50

32 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016

Table 9. New York City reservoir-release design data from December 1, 2015, to November 30, 2016.

Table 9. New York City reservoir-release design data from December 1, 2015, to November 30, 2016.—Continued [Delaware River Master daily operations record. The Montague design rate was 1,750 cubic feet per second (ft3/s) through November 22, 2016, and 1,650 ft3/s thereafter. Column (col.) 1 was provided by electric utilities Talen Energy Corp. and Brookfield Renewable U.S.; col. 2 provided by electric utility Eagle Creek Renewable Energy, LLC; col. 3 computed from index gaging stations; col. 4 computed increase in runoff based on quantitative precipitation forecasts; col. 5 = col. 1 + col. 2 + col. 3 + col. 4; col. 6 = design rate − col. 5, when positive, otherwise col. 6 = 0; col. 7 = col. 14 (4 days earlier); col. 8, directed release amount from the Office of the Delaware River Master = col. 6 + col. 7, when positive, otherwise col. 8 =0; col. 9 = col. 7 from table 10; col. 10 = summation of col. 9; col. 11 = flow objective − (col. 9 + col. 10 from table 10) when positive, otherwise col. 11 = 0; col. 12 = summation of col. 11; col. 13 = col. 10 − col. 12; col. 14 = col. 13 divided by −10, limited to ±50 ft3/s; cols. 10, 12, 13, and 14 are accumulated from the previous water year starting June 1, 2015, with these values being reset on June 1, 2016; June 23, 2016, 11 ft3/s calculated balancing adjustment, applied balancing adjustment was 10 ft3/s; June 23, 2016, –10 ft3/s calculated balancing adjustment, applied balancing adjustment was 10 ft3/s; July 2, 2016, no directed release called for, river was not in recession. (ft3/s)-d, cubic foot per second accumulated daily] Advance estimate of discharge of Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey, exclusive of New York City reservoir releases Powerplant release forecasts Date of advance estimate

Uncontrolled runoff

Lake Wallenpaupack (ft3/s)

Rio Reservoir (ft3/s)

Current condition (ft3/s)

Weather adjustment (ft3/s)

Col. 1

Col. 2

Col. 3

Col. 4

7/6/2016

340

284

800

284

7/7/2016

192

790

7/8/2016

192

680

Montague date

Discharge (ft3/s)

Computation of balancing adjustment Indicated deficiency

Balancing adjustment

Directed release (ft3/s)

Adjusted directed release

Actual deficiency

Daily (ft3/s)

Cumulative ([ft3/s]-d)

Daily (ft3/s)

Cumulative ([ft3/s]-d)

Col. 10

Col. 11

Cumulative difference ([ft3/s]-d)

Balancing adjustment (ft3/s)

Col. 12

Col. 13

Col. 14

Col. 5

Col. 6

Col. 7

Col. 8

Col. 9

7/9/2016

1,708

–50

9,084

7,540

1,544

–50

387

7/10/2016

1,369

381

–50

331

9,415

7,540

1,875

–50

663

7/11/2016

1,535

215

–50

165

9,580

7,540

2,040

–50

The estimated Montague discharge was greater than the Montague design rate from 7/12/2015 to 7/21/2015 400

1,405

7/22/2016

1,877

–50

9,580

438

8,700

880

–50

7/20/2016

475

110

1,250

7/23/2016

1,915

–50

9,580

312

9,012

568

–50

7/21/2016

398

1,090

7/24/2016

1,516

234

–50

184

9,764

526

9,538

226

–23

7/22/2016

191

986

7/25/2016

1,190

560

–50

510

10,274

575

10,113

161

–16

7/23/2016

191

142

895

200

7/26/2016

1,428

322

–50

272

10,546

365

10,478

–7

7/24/2016

191

1,075

7/27/2016

1,397

353

–50

303

10,849

110

10,588

261

–26

7/25/2016

191

780

103

7/28/2016

1,127

623

–50

573

11,422

286

10,874

548

–50

7/26/2016

191

1,750

7/29/2016

2,018

–16

11,422

594

11,468

–46

7/27/2016

191

947

135

7/30/2016

1,273

477

–7

470

†11,732

532

12,000

–268

7/28/2016

191

1,170

769

7/31/2016

2,130

–26

11,732

12,000

–268

7/29/2016

191

1,037

752

8/1/2016

2,034

–50

11,732

12,000

–268

7/30/2016

191

106

875

1,480

8/2/2016

2,652

11,732

12,000

–268

7/31/2016

191

973

847

8/3/2016

2,082

11,732

12,000

–268

8/1/2016

1,892

385

8/4/2016

2,373

11,732

12,000

–268

8/2/2016

118

106

1,750

8/5/2016

1,989

11,732

12,000

–268

8/3/2016

355

1,750

8/6/2016

2,153

11,732

12,000

–268

8/4/2016

161

1,750

8/7/2016

1,960

11,732

232

12,232

–500

8/5/2016

161

1,848

8/8/2016

2,048

11,732

340

12,572

–840

8/6/2016

161

1,518

8/9/2016

1,757

11,732

370

12,942

–1,210

Tables 1, 3–11, and 13–20 33

7/19/2016

Uncontrolled runoff Discharge (ft3/s)

Computation of balancing adjustment Indicated deficiency

Balancing adjustment

Directed release (ft3/s)

Adjusted directed release

Actual deficiency

Daily (ft3/s)

Cumulative ([ft3/s]-d)

Daily (ft3/s)

Cumulative ([ft3/s]-d)

Lake Wallenpaupack (ft3/s)

Rio Reservoir (ft3/s)

Current condition (ft3/s)

Weather adjustment (ft3/s)

Col. 1

Col. 2

Col. 3

Col. 4

8/7/2016

124

1,350

8/8/2016

161

106

1,194

8/9/2016

161

106

1,090

8/10/2016

198

1,070

8/11/2016

198

106

8/12/2016

198

8/13/2016

300

106

1,940

8/27/2016

450

106

1,220

8/30/2016

1,790

8/28/2016

450

106

1,280

8/31/2016

1,836

8/29/2016

545

1,090

9/1/2016

1,704

8/30/2016

310

1,040

9/2/2016

1,396

354

404

8/31/2016

310

994

9/3/2016

1,387

363

413

9/1/2016

800

9/4/2016

800

950

9/2/2016

800

9/5/2016

800

950

9/3/2016

800

9/6/2016

800

950

9/4/2016

740

9/7/2016

740

9/5/2016

650

9/8/2016

9/6/2016

470

9/9/2016

9/7/2016

250

510

9/8/2016

511

9/9/2016

496

Montague date

Cumulative difference ([ft3/s]-d)

Balancing adjustment (ft3/s)

Col. 5

Col. 6

Col. 7

Col. 8

Col. 9

Col. 10

Col. 11

Col. 12

Col. 13

Col. 14

8/10/2016

1,477

273

323

12,055

440

13,382

–1,327

8/11/2016

1,514

236

286

12,341

13,382

–1,041

223

8/12/2016

1,580

170

220

12,561

13,382

–821

768

8/13/2016

2,089

12,561

13,382

–821

873

333

8/14/2016

1,510

12,561

13,382

–821

1,185

310

8/15/2016

1,782

12,561

13,382

–821

118

8/16/2016

2,464

12,561

13,382

–821

12,561

13,415

–854

12,561

166

13,581

–1,020

12,657

342

13,923

–1,266

404

13,061

760

14,683

–1,622

413

13,474

842

15,525

–2,051

1,000

999

14,473

989

16,514

–2,041

1,000

1,001

15,474

1,061

17,575

–2,101

1,000

1,009

16,483

1,189

18,764

–2,281

1,010

1,060

1,059

17,542

1,199

19,963

–2,421

650

1,100

1,150

1,143

18,685

1,153

21,116

–2,431

472

1,278

1,323

1,321

20,006

1,211

22,327

–2,321

9/10/2016

767

983

1,033

1,031

21,037

1,131

23,458

–2,421

9/11/2016

565

1,185

1,235

1,232

22,269

1,172

24,630

–2,361

233

9/12/2016

729

1,021

1,071

1,072

23,341

1,172

25,802

–2,461

The estimated Montague discharge was greater than the Montague design rate from 8/17/2016 to 8/29/2016

34 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016

Table 9. New York City reservoir-release design data from December 1, 2015, to November 30, 2016.—Continued

Uncontrolled runoff

Lake Wallenpaupack (ft3/s)

Rio Reservoir (ft3/s)

Current condition (ft3/s)

Weather adjustment (ft3/s)

Col. 1

Col. 2

Col. 3

Col. 4

9/10/2016

499

9/11/2016

555

9/12/2016

525

9/13/2016

400

9/14/2016

9/15/2016

9/16/2016

9/17/2016 9/18/2016

Montague date

Discharge (ft3/s)

Computation of balancing adjustment Indicated deficiency

Balancing adjustment

Directed release (ft3/s)

Adjusted directed release

Actual deficiency

Daily (ft3/s)

Cumulative ([ft3/s]-d)

Daily (ft3/s)

Cumulative ([ft3/s]-d)

Cumulative difference ([ft3/s]-d)

Balancing adjustment (ft3/s)

Col. 6

Col. 7

Col. 8

Col. 9

Col. 10

Col. 11

Col. 12

Col. 13

Col. 14

9/13/2016

538

1,212

1,262

1,259

24,600

1,289

27,091

–2,491

9/14/2016

556

1,194

1,244

1,242

25,842

1,302

28,393

–2,551

9/15/2016

532

1,218

1,268

1,267

27,109

1,287

29,680

–2,571

9/16/2016

434

1,316

1,366

1,365

28,474

1,275

30,955

–2,481

160

9/17/2016

160

1,590

1,640

1,635

30,109

1,365

32,320

–2,211

160

9/18/2016

192

1,558

1,608

1,605

31,714

1,275

33,595

–1,881

160

724

9/19/2016

884

866

916

32,630

1,166

34,761

–2,131

390

160

586

9/20/2016

1,136

614

664

670

33,300

390

35,151

–1,851

405

160

785

9/21/2016

1,350

400

450

33,750

35,189

–1,439

9/19/2016

420

160

9/22/2016

601

1,149

1,199

1,198

34,948

538

35,727

–779

9/20/2016

350

300

9/23/2016

650

1,100

1,150

1,147

36,095

797

36,524

–429

9/21/2016

363

300

9/24/2016

673

1,077

1,127

1,128

37,223

718

37,242

–19

9/22/2016

480

500

9/25/2016

984

766

816

822

38,045

842

38,084

–39

9/23/2016

480

500

9/26/2016

980

770

820

816

38,861

836

38,920

–59

9/24/2016

480

500

9/27/2016

1,035

715

765

39,626

795

39,715

–89

9/25/2016

480

500

160

9/28/2016

1,140

610

612

614

40,240

824

40,539

–299

9/26/2016

480

400

9/29/2016

969

781

785

41,025

895

41,434

–409

9/27/2016

467

400

131

9/30/2016

998

752

758

749

41,774

799

42,233

–459

9/28/2016

467

400

425

10/1/2016

1,292

458

467

494

42,268

454

42,687

–419

9/29/2016

467

400

158

10/2/2016

1,025

725

755

752

43,020

512

43,199

–179

9/30/2016

467

400

300

10/3/2016

1,167

583

624

623

43,643

363

43,562

–8

Tables 1, 3–11, and 13–20 35

Col. 5

Uncontrolled runoff

Lake Wallenpaupack (ft3/s)

Rio Reservoir (ft3/s)

Current condition (ft3/s)

Weather adjustment (ft3/s)

Col. 1

Col. 2

Col. 3

Col. 4

10/1/2016

467

400

10/4/2016

10/2/2016

467

400

10/3/2016

720

550

10/4/2016

810

550

10/5/2016

740

10/6/2016

670

10/7/2016

750

10/8/2016

Montague date

Discharge (ft3/s)

Computation of balancing adjustment Indicated deficiency

Balancing adjustment

Directed release (ft3/s)

Adjusted directed release

Actual deficiency

Daily (ft3/s)

Cumulative ([ft3/s]-d)

Daily (ft3/s)

Cumulative ([ft3/s]-d)

Cumulative difference ([ft3/s]-d)

Balancing adjustment (ft3/s)

Col. 5

Col. 6

Col. 7

Col. 8

Col. 9

Col. 10

Col. 11

Col. 12

Col. 13

Col. 14

953

797

843

838

44,481

148

43,710

771

–50

10/5/2016

898

852

894

898

45,379

388

44,098

1,281

–50

10/6/2016

1,274

476

494

559

45,938

199

44,297

1,641

–50

10/7/2016

1,360

390

–8

382

381

46,319

491

44,788

1,531

–50

540

10/8/2016

1,287

463

–50

413

414

46,733

414

45,202

1,531

–50

530

10/9/2016

1,223

527

–50

477

473

47,206

443

45,645

1,561

–50

530

10/10/2016

1,308

442

–50

392

395

47,601

305

45,950

1,651

–50

750

600

10/11/2016

1,358

392

–50

342

344

47,945

324

46,274

1,671

–50

10/9/2016

750

600

10/12/2016

1,350

400

–50

350

48,295

440

46,714

1,581

–50

10/10/2016

750

550

10/13/2016

1,300

450

–50

400

401

48,696

431

47,145

1,551

–50

10/11/2016

750

550

10/14/2016

1,317

433

–50

383

382

49,078

47,157

1,921

–50

10/12/2016

670

550

10/15/2016

1,263

487

–50

437

434

49,512

484

47,641

1,871

–50

10/13/2016

177

500

10/16/2016

694

1,056

–50

1,006

809

50,321

1,229

48,870

1,451

–50

10/14/2016

400

10/17/2016

408

1,342

–50

1,292

1,290

51,611

1,280

50,150

1,461

–50

10/15/2016

400

10/18/2016

412

1,338

–50

1,288

1,289

52,900

1,229

51,379

1,521

–50

10/16/2016

400

10/19/2016

403

1,347

–50

1,297

1,294

54,194

1,254

52,633

1,561

–50

10/17/2016

400

10/20/2016

413

1,337

–50

1,287

1,286

55,480

1,296

53,929

1,551

–50

10/18/2016

400

10/21/2016

452

1,298

–50

1,248

1,246

56,726

1,266

55,195

1,531

–50

10/19/2016

400

584

10/22/2016

984

766

–50

716

715

57,441

1,015

56,210

1,231

–50

10/20/2016

400

100

10/23/2016

500

1,250

–50

1,200

792

58,233

1,162

57,372

861

–50

10/21/2016

400

867

10/24/2016

1,267

483

–50

433

862

59,095

862

58,234

861

–50

10/22/2016

400

125

10/25/2016

525

1,225

–50

1,175

1,173

60,268

833

59,067

1,201

–50

10/23/2016

400

10/26/2016

444

1,306

–50

1,256

†61,721

973

60,040

1,681

–50

36 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016

Table 9. New York City reservoir-release design data from December 1, 2015, to November 30, 2016.—Continued

10/24/2016

Uncontrolled runoff

Lake Wallenpaupack (ft3/s)

Rio Reservoir (ft3/s)

Current condition (ft3/s)

Weather adjustment (ft3/s)

Col. 1

Col. 2

Col. 3

Col. 4

400

Montague date

10/27/2016

Discharge (ft3/s)

Computation of balancing adjustment Indicated deficiency

Balancing adjustment

Directed release (ft3/s)

Adjusted directed release

Actual deficiency

Daily (ft3/s)

Cumulative ([ft3/s]-d)

Daily (ft3/s)

Cumulative ([ft3/s]-d)

Cumulative difference ([ft3/s]-d)

Balancing adjustment (ft3/s)

Col. 5

Col. 6

Col. 7

Col. 8

Col. 9

Col. 10

Col. 11

Col. 12

Col. 13

Col. 14

400

1,350

–50

1,300

†63,219

1,138

61,178

2,041

–50

400

818

10/28/2016

1,218

532

–50

482

695

61,873

2,131

–50

10/26/2016

499

500

10/29/2016

1,070

680

–50

630

64,634

61,873

2,761

–50

10/27/2016

450

449

10/30/2016

899

851

–50

801

806

65,440

61,899

3,541

–50

10/28/2016

500

10/31/2016

519

1,231

–50

1,181

1,184

66,624

354

62,253

4,371

–50

10/29/2016

525

11/1/2016

535

1,215

–50

1,165

1,167

67,791

457

62,710

5,081

–50

10/30/2016

600

11/2/2016

646

1,104

–50

1,054

1,053

68,844

663

63,373

5,471

–50

10/31/2016

1,200

11/3/2016

1,200

550

–50

500

499

69,343

629

64,002

5,341

–50

11/1/2016

1,200

122

11/4/2016

1,322

428

–50

378

69,721

728

64,730

4,991

–50

11/2/2016

1,000

11/5/2016

1,088

662

–50

612

613

70,334

863

65,593

4,741

–50

11/3/2016

900

11/6/2016

914

836

–50

786

783

71,117

953

66,546

4,571

–50

11/4/2016

900

11/7/2016

900

850

–50

800

803

71,920

993

67,539

4,381

–50

11/5/2016

886

11/8/2016

886

864

–50

814

869

72,789

1,069

68,608

4,181

–50

11/6/2016

700

11/9/2016

700

1,050

–50

1,000

1,051

73,840

1,131

69,739

4,101

–50

11/7/2016

600

11/10/2016

600

1,150

–50

1,100

1,041

74,881

1,021

70,760

4,121

–50

11/8/2016

500

11/11/2016

500

1,250

–50

1,200

1,197

76,078

1,147

71,907

4,171

–50

11/9/2016

500

11/12/2016

500

1,250

–50

1,200

1,194

77,272

1,154

73,061

4,211

–50

11/10/2016

400

11/13/2016

400

1,350

–50

1,300

1,296

78,568

1,146

74,207

4,361

–50

11/11/2016

400

11/14/2016

400

1,350

–50

1,300

1,299

79,867

1,219

75,426

4,441

–50

11/12/2016

400

11/15/2016

400

1,350

–50

1,300

1,303

81,170

1,143

76,569

4,601

–50

11/13/2016

400

11/16/2016

400

1,350

–50

1,300

1,291

82,461

1,151

77,720

4,741

–50

Tables 1, 3–11, and 13–20 37

10/25/2016

†64,004

Uncontrolled runoff

Lake Wallenpaupack (ft3/s)

Rio Reservoir (ft3/s)

Current condition (ft3/s)

Weather adjustment (ft3/s)

Col. 1

Col. 2

Col. 3

Col. 4

11/14/2016

444

11/15/2016

400

11/16/2016

550

11/17/2016

11/18/2016

11/19/2016

11/20/2016

Montague date

Discharge (ft3/s)

Computation of balancing adjustment Indicated deficiency

Balancing adjustment

Directed release (ft3/s)

Adjusted directed release

Actual deficiency

Daily (ft3/s)

Cumulative ([ft3/s]-d)

Daily (ft3/s)

Cumulative ([ft3/s]-d)

Cumulative difference ([ft3/s]-d)

Balancing adjustment (ft3/s)

Col. 5

Col. 6

Col. 7

Col. 8

Col. 9

Col. 10

Col. 11

Col. 12

Col. 13

Col. 14

11/17/2016

495

1,255

–50

1,205

1,204

83,665

944

78,664

5,001

–50

11/18/2016

456

1,294

–50

1,244

1,235

84,900

995

79,659

5,241

–50

11/19/2016

550

1,200

–50

1,150

1,143

86,043

1,107

80,766

5,277

–50

600

11/20/2016

652

1,098

–50

1,048

1,047

87,090

947

81,713

5,377

–50

600

233

11/21/2016

833

917

–50

867

870

87,960

820

82,533

5,427

–50

600

181

11/22/2016

781

969

–50

919

918

88,878

858

83,391

5,487

–50

600

11/23/2016

637

1,113

–50

1,063

1,059

89,937

949

84,340

5,597

–50

11/21/2016

800

11/24/2016

837

913

–50

863

861

90,798

951

85,291

5,507

–50

11/22/2016

900

11/25/2016

932

818

–50

768

766

91,564

906

86,197

5,367

–50

11/23/2016

870

11/26/2016

920

730

–50

680

92,244

720

86,917

5,327

–50

11/24/2016

740

11/27/2016

761

889

–50

839

93,083

541

87,458

5,625

–50

11/25/2016

730

11/28/2016

730

920

–50

870

93,953

345

87,803

6,150

–50

11/26/2016

1,000

11/29/2016

1,000

650

–50

600

602

94,555

254

88,057

6,498

–50

11/27/2016

1,000

403

11/30/2016

1,403

247

–50

197

199

94,754

88,057

6,697

–50

†A miscalculation of cumulative adjusted directed release occurred—values are reported as originally calculated.

38 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016

Table 9. New York City reservoir-release design data from December 1, 2015, to November 30, 2016.—Continued

Table 10. Controlled releases from reservoirs in the upper Delaware River Basin and segregation of flow of Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey, for report year ending November 30, 2016. [Delaware River Master daily operations record. All provided measurements are the mean discharge in cubic feet per second for 24 hours. Column (col.) 1 = directed release ordered by the Office of the Delaware River Master; col. 2 = 24 hours beginning 1200 of date shown; col. 3 = 24 hours ending 2400, 1 day later; col. 4 = 24 hours beginning 1500, 1 day later; col. 5 = 24 hours beginning 0800 of date shown until July 31, 2016, then beginning 0000 of date shown thereafter; col. 6 = 24 hours beginning 1600 of date shown; col. 7 = col. 2 + col. 3 + col. 4 in response to direction (col. 1); col. 8 = col. 2 + col. 3 + col. 4 − col. 7; col. 9 = col. 5 + col. 6; col. 10 = col. 11 − col. 7 − col. 8 − col. 9; col. 11 = 24 hours of calendar day shown; col. 12 = The portion of col. 8 attributed to Interim Excess Release Quantity (IERQ) bank releases. IERQ used to meet the Trenton, New Jersey, flow objective, unless otherwise noted.—, not applicable] Controlled releases from powerplant reservoirs

Controlled releases from New York City reservoirs

Segregation of flow, Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey

Directed

Date

Controlled releases

Amount

Pepacton

Cannonsville

Neversink

Date

Lake Wallenpaupack

Rio Reservoir

Date

New York City reservoirs Directed

Other

Powerplants

Computed uncontrolled

Total

IERQ and drought bank releases

Col. 2

Col. 3

Col. 4

Col. 5

Col. 6

Col. 7

Col. 8

Col. 9

Col. 10

Col. 11

Col. 12

101

152

11/30/2015

126

12/1/2015

309

197

2,434

2,940

11/29/2015

101

152

12/1/2015

591

12/2/2015

309

680

3,161

4,150

11/30/2015

101

152

12/2/2015

723

12/3/2015

309

723

5,288

6,320

12/1/2015

101

152

12/3/2015

601

355

12/4/2015

309

956

5,365

6,630

12/2/2015

101

153

12/4/2015

365

195

12/5/2015

310

560

4,220

5,090

12/3/2015

101

152

12/5/2015

12/6/2015

309

3,861

4,170

12/4/2015

101

153

12/6/2015

355

12/7/2015

310

355

3,425

4,090

12/5/2015

101

153

12/7/2015

284

12/8/2015

310

284

3,196

3,790

12/6/2015

101

152

12/8/2015

638

12/9/2015

309

638

3,053

4,000

12/7/2015

101

152

12/9/2015

656

12/10/2015

309

656

2,875

3,840

12/8/2015

101

152

12/10/2015

372

12/11/2015

309

372

2,739

3,420

12/9/2015

101

152

12/11/2015

106

12/12/2015

309

106

2,655

3,070

12/10/2015

101

152

12/12/2015

12/13/2015

309

2,520

2,900

12/11/2015

102

152

12/13/2015

177

12/14/2015

310

177

2,413

2,900

12/12/2015

102

152

12/14/2015

12/15/2015

310

2,701

3,100

12/13/2015

102

152

12/15/2015

12/16/2015

310

3,707

4,070

12/14/2015

102

152

12/16/2015

12/17/2015

308

3,682

3,990

12/15/2015

138

12/17/2015

284

12/18/2015

287

284

4,199

4,770

12/16/2015

128

12/18/2015

12/19/2015

258

4,599

4,910

12/17/2015

128

12/19/2015

12/20/2015

258

4,011

4,340

12/18/2015

128

12/20/2015

12/21/2015

258

3,699

4,030

12/19/2015

128

12/21/2015

680

106

12/22/2015

258

786

3,426

4,470

12/20/2015

128

12/22/2015

317

12/23/2015

258

352

4,400

5,010

12/21/2015

128

12/23/2015

282

337

12/24/2015

258

619

8,983

9,860

Tables 1, 3–11, and 13–20 39

Col. 1 11/28/2015

[Delaware River Master daily operations record. All provided measurements are the mean discharge in cubic feet per second for 24 hours. Column (col.) 1 = directed release ordered by the Office of the Delaware River Master; col. 2 = 24 hours beginning 1200 of date shown; col. 3 = 24 hours ending 2400, 1 day later; col. 4 = 24 hours beginning 1500, 1 day later; col. 5 = 24 hours beginning 0800 of date shown until July 31, 2016, then beginning 0000 of date shown thereafter; col. 6 = 24 hours beginning 1600 of date shown; col. 7 = col. 2 + col. 3 + col. 4 in response to direction (col. 1); col. 8 = col. 2 + col. 3 + col. 4 − col. 7; col. 9 = col. 5 + col. 6; col. 10 = col. 11 − col. 7 − col. 8 − col. 9; col. 11 = 24 hours of calendar day shown; col. 12 = The portion of col. 8 attributed to Interim Excess Release Quantity (IERQ) bank releases. IERQ used to meet the Trenton, New Jersey, flow objective, unless otherwise noted.—, not applicable] Controlled releases from powerplant reservoirs

Controlled releases from New York City reservoirs

Segregation of flow, Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey

Directed

Controlled releases Lake Wallenpaupack

Rio Reservoir

Col. 5

Col. 6

12/24/2015

546

443

12/25/2015

610

461

12/26/2015

633

12/27/2015

395

130

12/28/2015

125

127

128

181

12/31/2015

150

204

1/1/2016

150

1/2/2016

150

1/3/2016

1/4/2016

1/5/2016

Pepacton

Cannonsville

Neversink

Col. 1

Col. 2

Col. 3

Col. 4

12/22/2015

128

12/23/2015

128

12/24/2015

128

12/25/2015

128

12/26/2015

12/27/2015

12/28/2015

12/29/2015 12/30/2015

Date

Amount

Date

New York City reservoirs

IERQ and drought bank releases

Powerplants

Computed uncontrolled

Total

Col. 9

Col. 10

Col. 11

Col. 12

Directed

Other

Col. 7

Col. 8

12/25/2015

258

989

10,253

11,500

12/26/2015

258

1,071

7,871

9,200

585

12/27/2015

258

1,218

6,624

8,100

550

12/28/2015

258

945

6,127

7,330

330

514

12/29/2015

260

844

5,816

6,920

12/29/2015

357

266

12/30/2015

255

623

5,852

6,730

12/30/2015

339

284

12/31/2015

257

623

6,480

7,360

12/31/2015

269

266

1/1/2016

284

535

7,451

8,270

125

1/1/2016

390

1/2/2016

402

390

6,808

7,600

125

1/2/2016

426

1/3/2016

479

426

5,815

6,720

204

125

1/3/2016

426

1/4/2016

479

513

5,298

6,290

204

125

1/4/2016

691

301

1/5/2016

479

992

4,279

5,750

150

201

125

1/5/2016

493

230

1/6/2016

476

723

3,661

4,860

150

196

125

1/6/2016

433

284

1/7/2016

471

717

3,412

4,600

150

196

125

1/7/2016

416

248

1/8/2016

471

664

3,305

4,440

1/6/2016

150

200

125

1/8/2016

391

230

1/9/2016

475

621

3,444

4,540

1/7/2016

150

203

125

1/9/2016

177

1/10/2016

478

177

4,685

5,340

1/8/2016

150

203

125

1/10/2016

703

337

1/11/2016

478

1,040

14,482

16,000

1/9/2016

150

204

125

1/11/2016

1,071

390

1/12/2016

479

1,461

10,460

12,400

1/10/2016

150

204

125

1/12/2016

1,136

319

1/13/2016

479

1,455

7,596

9,530

1/11/2016

150

201

125

1/13/2016

1,178

319

1/14/2016

476

1,497

6,797

8,770

1/12/2016

150

200

125

1/14/2016

976

426

1/15/2016

475

1,402

5,483

7,360

1/13/2016

150

200

125

1/15/2016

692

426

1/16/2016

475

1,118

5,697

7,290

1/14/2016

150

217

125

1/16/2016

701

301

1/17/2016

492

1,002

6,226

7,720

40 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016

Table 10. Controlled releases from reservoirs in the upper Delaware River Basin and segregation of flow of Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey, for report year ending November 30, 2016.—Continued [Delaware River Master daily operations record. All provided measurements are the mean discharge in cubic feet per second for 24 hours. Column (col.) 1 = directed release ordered by the Office of the Delaware River Master; col. 2 = 24 hours beginning 1200 of date shown; col. 3 = 24 hours ending 2400, 1 day later; col. 4 = 24 hours beginning 1500, 1 day later; col. 5 = 24 hours beginning 0800 of date shown until July 31, 2016, then beginning 0000 of date shown thereafter; col. 6 = 24 hours beginning 1600 of date shown; col. 7 = col. 2 + col. 3 + col. 4 in response to direction (col. 1); col. 8 = col. 2 + col. 3 + col. 4 − col. 7; col. 9 = col. 5 + col. 6; col. 10 = col. 11 − col. 7 − col. 8 − col. 9; col. 11 = 24 hours of calendar day shown; col. 12 = The portion of col. 8 attributed to Interim Excess Release Quantity (IERQ) bank releases. IERQ used to meet the Trenton, New Jersey, flow objective, unless otherwise noted.—, not applicable] Controlled releases from powerplant reservoirs

Controlled releases from New York City reservoirs

Segregation of flow, Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey

Directed

Controlled releases Lake Wallenpaupack

Rio Reservoir

Col. 5

Col. 6

1/17/2016

708

337

1/18/2016

816

479

125

1/19/2016

861

125

1/20/2016

537

221

125

1/21/2016

150

220

125

150

221

125

150

223

150

223

1/24/2016

150

1/25/2016

1/26/2016

1/27/2016 1/28/2016

Pepacton

Cannonsville

Neversink

Col. 1

Col. 2

Col. 3

Col. 4

1/15/2016

150

229

125

1/16/2016

150

227

125

1/17/2016

150

227

1/18/2016

150

224

1/19/2016

150

1/20/2016

1/21/2016

1/22/2016 1/23/2016

Date

Amount

Date

New York City reservoirs

IERQ and drought bank releases

Powerplants

Computed uncontrolled

Total

Col. 10

Col. 11

Col. 12

Other

Col. 7

Col. 8

Col. 9

1/18/2016

504

1,045

5,711

7,260

1/19/2016

502

1,295

4,953

6,750

532

1/20/2016

502

1,393

4,005

5,900

479

1/21/2016

499

1,016

3,635

5,150

419

461

1/22/2016

496

880

3,434

4,810

1/22/2016

377

319

1/23/2016

495

696

3,069

4,260

1/23/2016

373

106

1/24/2016

496

479

3,365

4,340

125

1/24/2016

372

1/25/2016

498

461

3,501

4,460

125

1/25/2016

523

160

1/26/2016

498

683

3,169

4,350

223

125

1/26/2016

595

1/27/2016

498

648

2,994

4,140

150

224

125

1/27/2016

518

1/28/2016

499

518

2,833

3,850

150

224

125

1/28/2016

676

1/29/2016

499

676

2,675

3,850

150

224

125

1/29/2016

572

1/30/2016

499

572

2,519

3,590

149

224

125

1/30/2016

1/31/2016

498

2,412

2,910

1/29/2016

152

224

125

1/31/2016

2/1/2016

501

2,378

2,950

1/30/2016

152

223

125

2/1/2016

230

2/2/2016

500

230

2,330

3,060

1/31/2016

152

224

125

2/2/2016

266

2/3/2016

501

266

2,603

3,370

2/1/2016

150

224

125

2/3/2016

337

2/4/2016

499

339

4,072

4,910

2/2/2016

150

224

125

2/4/2016

2/5/2016

499

4,990

5,560

2/3/2016

149

224

125

2/5/2016

2/6/2016

498

4,049

4,600

2/4/2016

150

224

125

2/6/2016

2/7/2016

499

3,482

4,070

2/5/2016

150

224

125

2/7/2016

266

2/8/2016

499

358

3,103

3,960

2/6/2016

150

224

125

2/8/2016

686

160

2/9/2016

499

846

3,005

4,350

2/7/2016

150

224

125

2/9/2016

669

2/10/2016

499

758

2,983

4,240

Tables 1, 3–11, and 13–20 41

Directed

Controlled releases from New York City reservoirs

Segregation of flow, Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey

Directed

Controlled releases Lake Wallenpaupack

Rio Reservoir

Col. 5

Col. 6

2/10/2016

650

266

2/11/2016

640

284

125

2/12/2016

699

125

2/13/2016

915

224

125

2/14/2016

150

224

125

150

224

125

149

224

150

227

2/17/2016

150

2/18/2016

2/19/2016

2/20/2016 2/21/2016

Pepacton

Cannonsville

Neversink

Col. 1

Col. 2

Col. 3

Col. 4

2/8/2016

150

224

125

2/9/2016

150

224

125

2/10/2016

150

224

2/11/2016

150

224

2/12/2016

150

2/13/2016

2/14/2016

2/15/2016 2/16/2016

Date

Amount

Date

New York City reservoirs

Powerplants

Computed uncontrolled

Total

IERQ and drought bank releases

Directed

Other

Col. 7

Col. 8

Col. 9

Col. 10

Col. 11

Col. 12

2/11/2016

499

916

2,855

4,270

2/12/2016

499

924

2,627

4,050

319

2/13/2016

499

1,018

2,423

3,940

461

2/14/2016

499

1,376

2,265

4,140

875

621

2/15/2016

499

1,496

2,365

4,360

2/15/2016

893

408

2/16/2016

499

1,301

2,790

4,590

2/16/2016

889

142

2/17/2016

499

1,031

12,270

13,800

125

2/17/2016

877

266

2/18/2016

498

1,143

10,459

12,100

125

2/18/2016

843

284

2/19/2016

502

1,127

6,951

8,580

226

125

2/19/2016

1,106

124

2/20/2016

501

1,230

5,639

7,370

150

227

125

2/20/2016

1,150

2/21/2016

502

1,150

5,688

7,340

150

227

125

2/21/2016

1,132

160

2/22/2016

502

1,292

5,326

7,120

150

227

125

2/22/2016

999

266

2/23/2016

502

1,265

4,753

6,520

150

227

125

2/23/2016

1,169

106

2/24/2016

502

1,275

4,323

6,100

2/22/2016

150

227

125

2/24/2016

100

213

2/25/2016

502

313

25,885

26,700

2/23/2016

150

224

125

2/25/2016

1,260

851

2/26/2016

499

2,111

29,190

31,800

2/24/2016

118

464

138

2/26/2016

1,565

851

2/27/2016

720

2,416

17,364

20,500

2/25/2016

131

1,083

190

2/27/2016

1,569

851

2/28/2016

1,404

2,420

12,276

16,100

2/26/2016

152

1,497

190

2/28/2016

1,569

851

2/29/2016

1,839

2,420

9,941

14,200

2/27/2016

469

1,497

189

2/29/2016

1,569

851

3/1/2016

2,155

2,420

8,025

12,600

2/28/2016

504

1,501

189

3/1/2016

115

656

3/2/2016

2,194

771

7,135

10,100

2/29/2016

688

1,501

190

3/2/2016

514

3/3/2016

2,379

514

5,947

8,840

3/1/2016

701

1,507

190

3/3/2016

408

3/4/2016

2,398

408

5,244

8,050

3/2/2016

701

1,507

190

3/4/2016

372

3/5/2016

2,398

372

4,750

7,520

42 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016

Table 10. Controlled releases from reservoirs in the upper Delaware River Basin and segregation of flow of Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey, for report year ending November 30, 2016.—Continued [Delaware River Master daily operations record. All provided measurements are the mean discharge in cubic feet per second for 24 hours. Column (col.) 1 = directed release ordered by the Office of the Delaware River Master; col. 2 = 24 hours beginning 1200 of date shown; col. 3 = 24 hours ending 2400, 1 day later; col. 4 = 24 hours beginning 1500, 1 day later; col. 5 = 24 hours beginning 0800 of date shown until July 31, 2016, then beginning 0000 of date shown thereafter; col. 6 = 24 hours beginning 1600 of date shown; col. 7 = col. 2 + col. 3 + col. 4 in response to direction (col. 1); col. 8 = col. 2 + col. 3 + col. 4 − col. 7; col. 9 = col. 5 + col. 6; col. 10 = col. 11 − col. 7 − col. 8 − col. 9; col. 11 = 24 hours of calendar day shown; col. 12 = The portion of col. 8 attributed to Interim Excess Release Quantity (IERQ) bank releases. IERQ used to meet the Trenton, New Jersey, flow objective, unless otherwise noted.—, not applicable] Controlled releases from powerplant reservoirs

Controlled releases from New York City reservoirs

Segregation of flow, Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey

Directed

Controlled releases Lake Wallenpaupack

Rio Reservoir

Col. 5

Col. 6

Pepacton

Cannonsville

Neversink

Col. 1

Col. 2

Col. 3

Col. 4

3/3/2016

699

1,505

170

3/5/2016

3/4/2016

682

1,502

124

3/6/2016

160

3/5/2016

583

1,501

125

3/7/2016

3/6/2016

500

1,451

125

3/8/2016

523

3/7/2016

498

1,236

125

3/9/2016

3/8/2016

498

992

125

3/9/2016

500

730

125

3/10/2016

501

668

125

3/11/2016

368

599

119

3/12/2016

288

575

3/13/2016

300

3/14/2016

302

3/15/2016

3/16/2016

3/17/2016

Date

Amount

Date

New York City reservoirs

IERQ and drought bank releases

Powerplants

Computed uncontrolled

Total

Col. 9

Col. 10

Col. 11

Col. 12

Other

Col. 7

Col. 8

3/6/2016

2,374

4,335

6,780

3/7/2016

2,308

160

4,032

6,500

248

3/8/2016

2,209

309

3,852

6,370

106

3/9/2016

2,076

629

3,615

6,320

446

266

3/10/2016

1,859

712

3,529

6,100

3/10/2016

479

266

3/11/2016

1,615

745

3,800

6,160

3/11/2016

335

266

3/12/2016

1,355

601

4,774

6,730

3/12/2016

106

3/13/2016

1,294

106

4,400

5,800

3/13/2016

160

3/14/2016

1,086

247

4,087

5,420

125

3/14/2016

392

266

3/15/2016

988

658

4,154

5,800

600

125

3/15/2016

406

266

3/16/2016

1,025

672

4,053

5,750

600

125

3/16/2016

607

266

3/17/2016

1,027

873

4,040

5,940

300

600

125

3/17/2016

569

248

3/18/2016

1,025

817

4,048

5,890

300

600

125

3/18/2016

646

266

3/19/2016

1,025

912

3,753

5,690

300

600

125

3/19/2016

644

106

3/20/2016

1,025

750

3,555

5,330

3/18/2016

300

600

125

3/20/2016

612

160

3/21/2016

1,025

772

3,343

5,140

3/19/2016

302

599

125

3/21/2016

423

160

3/22/2016

1,026

583

3,241

4,850

3/20/2016

300

599

125

3/22/2016

360

3/23/2016

1,024

431

3,135

4,590

3/21/2016

300

602

125

3/23/2016

213

3/24/2016

1,027

213

2,950

4,190

3/22/2016

299

606

125

3/24/2016

106

3/25/2016

1,030

106

2,874

4,010

3/23/2016

153

600

125

3/25/2016

3/26/2016

878

2,801

3,750

3/24/2016

101

600

125

3/26/2016

3/27/2016

826

2,731

3,610

3/25/2016

101

599

125

3/27/2016

3/28/2016

825

2,675

3,500

3/26/2016

102

599

121

3/28/2016

3/29/2016

822

3,018

3,840

Tables 1, 3–11, and 13–20 43

Directed

Controlled releases from New York City reservoirs

Segregation of flow, Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey

Directed

Controlled releases Lake Wallenpaupack

Rio Reservoir

Col. 5

Col. 6

3/29/2016

284

3/30/2016

3/31/2016

4/1/2016

113

4/2/2016

113

4/3/2016

113

4/4/2016

113

107

110

4/6/2016

4/7/2016

4/8/2016

4/9/2016

4/10/2016

Pepacton

Cannonsville

Neversink

Col. 1

Col. 2

Col. 3

Col. 4

3/27/2016

101

540

3/28/2016

101

374

3/29/2016

189

3/30/2016

138

3/31/2016

4/1/2016

4/2/2016

4/3/2016

4/4/2016

4/5/2016

Date

Amount

Date

New York City reservoirs

Powerplants

Computed uncontrolled

Total

IERQ and drought bank releases

Directed

Other

Col. 7

Col. 8

Col. 9

Col. 10

Col. 11

Col. 12

3/30/2016

737

284

3,049

4,070

3/31/2016

540

2,790

3,330

4/1/2016

342

2,388

2,730

4/2/2016

288

2,342

2,630

4/3/2016

263

2,417

2,680

4/4/2016

263

2,448

2,800

195

4/5/2016

263

195

2,372

2,830

4/5/2016

106

4/6/2016

263

143

2,234

2,640

4/6/2016

4/7/2016

257

2,293

2,550

4/7/2016

4/8/2016

260

7,400

7,660

110

4/8/2016

4/9/2016

260

10,340

10,600

111

4/9/2016

124

4/10/2016

261

124

7,835

8,220

110

4/10/2016

284

4/11/2016

260

284

6,126

6,670

111

4/11/2016

355

4/12/2016

261

355

5,644

6,260

193

4/12/2016

124

4/13/2016

342

124

6,014

6,480

4/11/2016

402

4/13/2016

4/14/2016

554

5,245

5,800

4/12/2016

402

4/14/2016

4/15/2016

554

4,595

5,160

4/13/2016

402

4/15/2016

177

4/16/2016

555

245

4,080

4,880

4/14/2016

402

4/16/2016

4/17/2016

554

3,756

4,310

4/15/2016

402

4/17/2016

4/18/2016

552

3,458

4,010

4/16/2016

404

4/18/2016

4/19/2016

554

3,036

3,590

4/17/2016

401

4/19/2016

4/20/2016

551

2,779

3,330

4/18/2016

402

4/20/2016

4/21/2016

552

2,588

3,140

4/19/2016

402

4/21/2016

4/22/2016

552

2,448

3,000

44 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016

Table 10. Controlled releases from reservoirs in the upper Delaware River Basin and segregation of flow of Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey, for report year ending November 30, 2016.—Continued [Delaware River Master daily operations record. All provided measurements are the mean discharge in cubic feet per second for 24 hours. Column (col.) 1 = directed release ordered by the Office of the Delaware River Master; col. 2 = 24 hours beginning 1200 of date shown; col. 3 = 24 hours ending 2400, 1 day later; col. 4 = 24 hours beginning 1500, 1 day later; col. 5 = 24 hours beginning 0800 of date shown until July 31, 2016, then beginning 0000 of date shown thereafter; col. 6 = 24 hours beginning 1600 of date shown; col. 7 = col. 2 + col. 3 + col. 4 in response to direction (col. 1); col. 8 = col. 2 + col. 3 + col. 4 − col. 7; col. 9 = col. 5 + col. 6; col. 10 = col. 11 − col. 7 − col. 8 − col. 9; col. 11 = 24 hours of calendar day shown; col. 12 = The portion of col. 8 attributed to Interim Excess Release Quantity (IERQ) bank releases. IERQ used to meet the Trenton, New Jersey, flow objective, unless otherwise noted.—, not applicable] Controlled releases from powerplant reservoirs

Controlled releases from New York City reservoirs

Segregation of flow, Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey

Directed

Controlled releases Lake Wallenpaupack

Rio Reservoir

Col. 5

Col. 6

4/22/2016

4/23/2016

4/24/2016

4/25/2016

402

4/26/2016

402

401

Pepacton

Cannonsville

Neversink

Col. 1

Col. 2

Col. 3

Col. 4

4/20/2016

402

4/21/2016

402

4/22/2016

402

4/23/2016

402

4/24/2016

4/25/2016

4/26/2016

Date

Amount

Date

New York City reservoirs

Powerplants

Computed uncontrolled

Total

IERQ and drought bank releases

Directed

Other

Col. 7

Col. 8

Col. 9

Col. 10

Col. 11

Col. 12

4/23/2016

552

2,313

2,900

4/24/2016

552

2,168

2,720

4/25/2016

552

2,028

2,580

4/26/2016

552

1,998

2,550

4/27/2016

552

2,128

2,680

4/27/2016

4/28/2016

543

2,287

2,830

4/28/2016

4/29/2016

522

2,038

2,560

401

4/29/2016

4/30/2016

522

1,988

2,510

4/28/2016

401

4/30/2016

5/1/2016

522

2,257

2,850

†362

4/29/2016

401

5/1/2016

5/2/2016

522

2,858

3,380

†362

4/30/2016

339

5/2/2016

5/3/2016

479

5,511

5,990

†240

5/1/2016

166

5/3/2016

5/4/2016

296

7,331

7,680

†15

5/2/2016

150

5/4/2016

266

5/5/2016

280

266

6,924

7,470

5/3/2016

149

5/5/2016

284

5/6/2016

279

284

6,377

6,940

5/4/2016

150

5/6/2016

284

5/7/2016

281

284

8,775

9,340

5/5/2016

183

5/7/2016

404

496

5/8/2016

327

900

8,433

9,660

5/6/2016

226

5/8/2016

585

5/9/2016

386

585

7,249

8,220

5/7/2016

226

5/9/2016

473

674

5/10/2016

387

1,147

5,846

7,380

5/8/2016

227

5/10/2016

491

266

5/11/2016

388

757

5,005

6,150

5/9/2016

227

5/11/2016

589

5/12/2016

387

589

4,604

5,580

5/10/2016

224

5/12/2016

682

5/13/2016

385

682

4,183

5,250

5/11/2016

249

101

5/13/2016

401

230

5/14/2016

440

631

4,969

6,040

5/12/2016

108

302

101

5/14/2016

142

5/15/2016

511

142

5,647

6,300

5/13/2016

111

302

101

5/15/2016

213

5/16/2016

514

294

5,292

6,100

Tables 1, 3–11, and 13–20 45

4/27/2016

†224

Controlled releases from New York City reservoirs

Segregation of flow, Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey

Directed

Date

Controlled releases

Amount Col. 1

Pepacton

Cannonsville

Neversink

Col. 2

Col. 3

Col. 4

Date

Lake Wallenpaupack

Rio Reservoir

Col. 5

Col. 6

Date

New York City reservoirs

Powerplants

Computed uncontrolled

Total

IERQ and drought bank releases

Directed

Other

Col. 7

Col. 8

Col. 9

Col. 10

Col. 11

Col. 12

5/14/2016

111

302

101

5/16/2016

636

177

5/17/2016

514

813

4,483

5,810

5/15/2016

110

297

101

5/17/2016

578

5/18/2016

508

667

3,915

5,090

5/16/2016

110

299

101

5/18/2016

202

5/19/2016

510

202

3,798

4,510

5/17/2016

110

299

101

5/19/2016

207

5/20/2016

510

296

3,484

4,290

5/18/2016

110

299

101

5/20/2016

165

426

5/21/2016

510

591

2,929

4,030

5/19/2016

111

297

5/21/2016

106

5/22/2016

502

106

2,732

3,340

5/20/2016

111

288

5/22/2016

5/23/2016

479

2,551

3,030

5/21/2016

110

269

5/23/2016

180

5/24/2016

459

180

2,391

3,030

5/22/2016

110

261

5/24/2016

5/25/2016

451

2,206

2,730

5/23/2016

110

261

5/25/2016

454

5/26/2016

451

454

1,985

2,890

5/24/2016

111

260

5/26/2016

503

5/27/2016

451

503

1,896

2,850

5/25/2016

111

261

5/27/2016

202

5/28/2016

454

202

1,844

2,500

5/26/2016

110

320

5/28/2016

423

5/29/2016

524

512

1,794

2,830

5/27/2016

127

377

5/29/2016

376

5/30/2016

598

411

1,851

2,860

5/28/2016

127

379

5/30/2016

356

5/31/2016

600

356

1,954

2,910

5/29/2016

127

377

5/31/2016

384

6/1/2016

598

384

1,778

2,760

5/30/2016

125

377

6/1/2016

413

6/2/2016

601

413

1,596

2,610

5/31/2016

127

461

110

6/2/2016

206

6/3/2016

698

206

1,456

2,360

6/1/2016

139

506

110

6/3/2016

114

6/4/2016

755

114

1,481

2,350

6/2/2016

139

504

110

6/4/2016

6/5/2016

753

1,607

2,360

6/3/2016

139

503

110

6/5/2016

6/6/2016

752

3,048

3,860

6/4/2016

139

504

110

6/6/2016

135

6/7/2016

753

224

4,063

5,040

6/5/2016

139

503

110

6/7/2016

118

106

6/8/2016

752

224

2,894

3,870

6/6/2016

139

501

110

6/8/2016

296

160

6/9/2016

750

456

2,524

3,730

46 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016

Table 10. Controlled releases from reservoirs in the upper Delaware River Basin and segregation of flow of Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey, for report year ending November 30, 2016.—Continued [Delaware River Master daily operations record. All provided measurements are the mean discharge in cubic feet per second for 24 hours. Column (col.) 1 = directed release ordered by the Office of the Delaware River Master; col. 2 = 24 hours beginning 1200 of date shown; col. 3 = 24 hours ending 2400, 1 day later; col. 4 = 24 hours beginning 1500, 1 day later; col. 5 = 24 hours beginning 0800 of date shown until July 31, 2016, then beginning 0000 of date shown thereafter; col. 6 = 24 hours beginning 1600 of date shown; col. 7 = col. 2 + col. 3 + col. 4 in response to direction (col. 1); col. 8 = col. 2 + col. 3 + col. 4 − col. 7; col. 9 = col. 5 + col. 6; col. 10 = col. 11 − col. 7 − col. 8 − col. 9; col. 11 = 24 hours of calendar day shown; col. 12 = The portion of col. 8 attributed to Interim Excess Release Quantity (IERQ) bank releases. IERQ used to meet the Trenton, New Jersey, flow objective, unless otherwise noted.—, not applicable] Controlled releases from powerplant reservoirs

Controlled releases from New York City reservoirs

Segregation of flow, Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey

Directed

Controlled releases Lake Wallenpaupack

Rio Reservoir

Col. 5

Col. 6

6/9/2016

321

160

6/10/2016

376

213

6/11/2016

6/12/2016

110

6/13/2016

498

110

498

110

139

497

139

495

607

139

495

6/17/2016

585

139

6/18/2016

466

139

6/19/2016

216

6/20/2016

400

6/21/2016

Pepacton

Cannonsville

Neversink

Col. 1

Col. 2

Col. 3

Col. 4

6/7/2016

139

501

110

6/8/2016

139

501

110

6/9/2016

139

501

110

6/10/2016

139

498

110

6/11/2016

139

500

6/12/2016

139

6/13/2016

139

6/14/2016

6/15/2016

260

6/16/2016

Date

Amount

Date

New York City reservoirs

Powerplants

Computed uncontrolled

Total

IERQ and drought bank releases

Other

Col. 7

Col. 8

Col. 9

Col. 10

Col. 11

Col. 12

6/10/2016

750

481

2,179

3,410

6/11/2016

750

589

1,761

3,100

6/12/2016

750

1,595

2,380

6/13/2016

747

1,405

2,210

376

6/14/2016

749

376

1,405

2,530

6/14/2016

370

6/15/2016

747

370

1,323

2,440

6/15/2016

387

6/16/2016

747

387

1,276

2,410

110

6/16/2016

340

6/17/2016

673

340

1,234

2,320

110

6/17/2016

352

6/18/2016

260

484

352

1,134

2,230

110

6/18/2016

260

6/19/2016

607

137

260

1,086

2,090

503

110

6/19/2016

305

6/20/2016

585

167

305

1,033

2,090

507

108

6/20/2016

394

6/21/2016

466

288

394

992

2,140

139

500

110

6/21/2016

556

6/22/2016

216

533

556

965

2,270

139

493

110

6/22/2016

406

6/23/2016

400

342

406

982

2,130

578

139

495

110

6/23/2016

158

6/24/2016

578

166

158

908

1,810

6/22/2016

683

139

498

110

6/24/2016

143

6/25/2016

683

143

880

1,770

6/23/2016

809

139

565

110

6/25/2016

217

6/26/2016

814

288

848

1,950

6/24/2016

840

139

596

110

6/26/2016

177

6/27/2016

845

177

898

1,920

6/25/2016

614

139

492

110

6/27/2016

189

6/28/2016

614

127

189

1,150

2,080

6/26/2016

484

139

497

110

6/28/2016

243

6/29/2016

484

262

243

1,421

2,410

6/27/2016

243

139

497

110

6/29/2016

190

6/30/2016

243

503

190

2,104

3,040

6/28/2016

117

139

497

110

6/30/2016

225

7/1/2016

117

629

225

1,439

2,410

6/29/2016

139

497

110

7/1/2016

334

7/2/2016

746

334

1,200

2,280

6/30/2016

231

139

497

110

7/2/2016

239

7/3/2016

231

515

239

1,015

2,000

Tables 1, 3–11, and 13–20 47

Directed

Controlled releases from New York City reservoirs

Segregation of flow, Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey

Directed

Controlled releases Lake Wallenpaupack

Rio Reservoir

Col. 5

Col. 6

7/3/2016

182

7/4/2016

170

110

7/5/2016

295

110

7/6/2016

349

504

110

7/7/2016

563

139

504

110

7/8/2016

139

503

110

7/9/2016

165

139

501

110

7/10/2016

139

504

110

7/11/2016

7/10/2016

139

500

110

7/12/2016

397

7/11/2016

139

500

110

7/13/2016

7/12/2016

139

500

110

7/14/2016

7/13/2016

139

500

110

7/14/2016

139

500

110

7/15/2016

139

498

7/16/2016

139

7/17/2016

139

7/18/2016

7/19/2016 7/20/2016

Pepacton

Cannonsville

Neversink

Col. 1

Col. 2

Col. 3

Col. 4

7/1/2016

139

497

110

7/2/2016

359

139

500

108

7/3/2016

432

139

509

7/4/2016

489

139

506

7/5/2016

588

139

7/6/2016

7/7/2016

331

7/8/2016 7/9/2016

Date

Amount

Date

New York City reservoirs

Powerplants

Computed uncontrolled

Total

IERQ and drought bank releases

Directed

Other

Col. 7

Col. 8

Col. 9

Col. 10

Col. 11

Col. 12

7/4/2016

746

182

982

1,910

7/5/2016

359

388

170

913

1,830

7/6/2016

432

326

348

874

1,980

248

7/7/2016

489

266

597

798

2,150

284

7/8/2016

588

165

847

910

2,510

462

284

7/9/2016

753

746

1,041

2,540

228

7/10/2016

331

421

228

2,750

3,730

7/11/2016

165

585

3,871

4,690

265

7/12/2016

753

283

2,424

3,460

7/13/2016

749

486

1,675

2,910

397

7/14/2016

749

486

1,425

2,660

533

230

7/15/2016

749

763

1,328

2,840

7/15/2016

529

7/16/2016

749

582

1,399

2,730

7/16/2016

514

7/17/2016

749

514

1,367

2,630

110

7/17/2016

484

7/18/2016

747

555

1,658

2,960

498

110

7/18/2016

337

7/19/2016

747

426

1,397

2,570

497

110

7/19/2016

293

7/20/2016

746

328

1,146

2,220

139

507

110

7/20/2016

280

7/21/2016

756

280

1,024

2,060

139

509

110

7/21/2016

233

124

7/22/2016

758

357

955

2,070

139

503

110

7/22/2016

487

149

7/23/2016

752

636

802

2,190

††67

7/21/2016

184

139

497

110

7/23/2016

259

124

7/24/2016

184

562

383

841

1,970

††257

7/22/2016

510

139

566

110

7/24/2016

249

142

7/25/2016

510

305

391

784

1,990

††175

7/23/2016

272

139

756

110

7/25/2016

211

177

7/26/2016

272

733

388

997

2,390

7/24/2016

303

139

681

110

7/26/2016

200

160

7/27/2016

303

627

360

1,280

2,570

48 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016

Table 10. Controlled releases from reservoirs in the upper Delaware River Basin and segregation of flow of Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey, for report year ending November 30, 2016.—Continued [Delaware River Master daily operations record. All provided measurements are the mean discharge in cubic feet per second for 24 hours. Column (col.) 1 = directed release ordered by the Office of the Delaware River Master; col. 2 = 24 hours beginning 1200 of date shown; col. 3 = 24 hours ending 2400, 1 day later; col. 4 = 24 hours beginning 1500, 1 day later; col. 5 = 24 hours beginning 0800 of date shown until July 31, 2016, then beginning 0000 of date shown thereafter; col. 6 = 24 hours beginning 1600 of date shown; col. 7 = col. 2 + col. 3 + col. 4 in response to direction (col. 1); col. 8 = col. 2 + col. 3 + col. 4 − col. 7; col. 9 = col. 5 + col. 6; col. 10 = col. 11 − col. 7 − col. 8 − col. 9; col. 11 = 24 hours of calendar day shown; col. 12 = The portion of col. 8 attributed to Interim Excess Release Quantity (IERQ) bank releases. IERQ used to meet the Trenton, New Jersey, flow objective, unless otherwise noted.—, not applicable] Controlled releases from powerplant reservoirs

Controlled releases from New York City reservoirs

Segregation of flow, Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey

Directed

Controlled releases Rio Reservoir

Col. 5

Col. 6

7/27/2016

186

248

7/28/2016

203

142

110

7/29/2016

191

110

7/30/2016

191

503

110

7/31/2016

191

139

504

110

8/1/2016

139

504

110

8/2/2016

139

504

110

8/3/2016

139

504

110

8/4/2016

8/3/2016

139

503

110

8/5/2016

387

8/4/2016

139

503

110

8/6/2016

8/5/2016

139

501

110

8/7/2016

8/6/2016

139

501

110

8/7/2016

323

139

501

110

8/8/2016

286

139

501

8/9/2016

220

139

8/10/2016

139

8/11/2016

8/12/2016 8/13/2016

Cannonsville

Neversink

Col. 1

Col. 2

Col. 3

Col. 4

7/25/2016

573

139

497

110

7/26/2016

141

493

110

7/27/2016

470

141

501

7/28/2016

139

506

7/29/2016

139

7/30/2016

7/31/2016

8/1/2016 8/2/2016

Date

New York City reservoirs

Powerplants

Computed uncontrolled

Total

Directed

Other

Col. 7

Col. 8

Col. 9

Col. 10

Col. 11

Col. 12

7/28/2016

573

173

434

1,030

2,210

7/29/2016

744

345

811

1,900

7/30/2016

470

282

226

992

1,970

7/31/2016

755

191

2,174

3,120

8/1/2016

752

244

4,044

5,040

8/2/2016

753

122

3,075

3,950

106

8/3/2016

753

159

2,798

3,710

8/4/2016

753

166

2,311

3,230

145

124

8/5/2016

753

269

1,778

2,800

142

8/6/2016

752

529

1,479

2,760

194

8/7/2016

752

194

1,324

2,270

197

8/8/2016

750

250

1,160

2,160

8/8/2016

242

106

8/9/2016

750

348

1,032

2,130

8/9/2016

194

177

8/10/2016

323

427

371

939

2,060

110

8/10/2016

471

266

8/11/2016

286

464

737

1,303

2,790

498

110

8/11/2016

613

213

8/12/2016

220

527

826

2,337

3,910

500

110

8/12/2016

622

248

8/13/2016

749

870

2,451

4,070

139

497

110

8/13/2016

710

177

8/14/2016

746

887

3,407

5,040

139

500

110

8/14/2016

640

160

8/15/2016

749

800

3,641

5,190

139

495

110

8/15/2016

487

106

8/16/2016

744

593

3,583

4,920

8/14/2016

139

506

110

8/16/2016

570

106

8/17/2016

755

676

2,689

4,120

8/15/2016

139

507

110

8/17/2016

574

8/18/2016

756

609

2,205

3,570

8/16/2016

139

506

110

8/18/2016

563

8/19/2016

755

581

1,864

3,200

8/17/2016

139

501

110

8/19/2016

407

8/20/2016

750

425

1,815

2,990

Tables 1, 3–11, and 13–20 49

Lake Wallenpaupack

Pepacton

Amount

IERQ and drought bank releases

Controlled releases from New York City reservoirs

Segregation of flow, Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey

Directed

Controlled releases Lake Wallenpaupack

Rio Reservoir

Col. 5

Col. 6

8/20/2016

385

177

8/21/2016

380

110

8/22/2016

365

110

8/23/2016

213

498

110

8/24/2016

139

490

110

139

501

110

139

503

139

492

139

8/28/2016

8/29/2016

8/30/2016 8/31/2016

Pepacton

Cannonsville

Neversink

Col. 1

Col. 2

Col. 3

Col. 4

8/18/2016

139

501

110

8/19/2016

139

498

110

8/20/2016

139

498

8/21/2016

139

500

8/22/2016

139

8/23/2016

8/24/2016

8/25/2016 8/26/2016 8/27/2016

Date

Amount

Date

New York City reservoirs

Powerplants

Computed uncontrolled

Total

IERQ and drought bank releases

Directed

Other

Col. 7

Col. 8

Col. 9

Col. 10

Col. 11

Col. 12

8/21/2016

750

562

1,598

2,910

8/22/2016

747

380

1,723

2,850

8/23/2016

747

365

2,458

3,570

8/24/2016

749

213

1,828

2,790

343

8/25/2016

747

343

1,530

2,620

8/25/2016

426

8/26/2016

739

479

1,382

2,600

8/26/2016

491

8/27/2016

750

526

1,304

2,580

110

8/27/2016

622

8/28/2016

752

622

1,156

2,530

110

8/28/2016

571

8/29/2016

741

660

1,089

2,490

515

110

8/29/2016

565

124

8/30/2016

764

689

1,027

2,480

139

517

110

8/30/2016

612

8/31/2016

766

647

937

2,350

139

503

110

8/31/2016

403

9/1/2016

656

456

952

2,160

404

139

497

104

9/1/2016

9/2/2016

404

336

900

1,730

413

139

433

9/2/2016

9/3/2016

413

249

837

1,570

9/1/2016

1,000

139

770

9/3/2016

9/4/2016

999

761

1,760

9/2/2016

1,000

139

772

9/4/2016

9/5/2016

1,001

689

1,690

9/3/2016

1,000

139

780

9/5/2016

9/6/2016

1,009

561

1,570

9/4/2016

1,060

139

1,030

9/6/2016

9/7/2016

1,059

200

551

1,810

200

9/5/2016

1,150

139

1,114

9/7/2016

9/8/2016

1,143

200

544

1,940

200

9/6/2016

1,323

139

1,292

9/8/2016

9/9/2016

1,321

200

486

2,060

200

9/7/2016

1,033

139

1,052

9/9/2016

9/10/2016

1,031

250

619

1,900

250

9/8/2016

1,235

139

1,253

9/10/2016

9/11/2016

1,232

250

578

2,060

250

9/9/2016

1,071

139

993

9/11/2016

9/12/2016

1,072

150

578

1,800

150

9/10/2016

1,262

139

1,330

9/12/2016

9/13/2016

1,259

300

461

2,020

300

50 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016

Table 10. Controlled releases from reservoirs in the upper Delaware River Basin and segregation of flow of Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey, for report year ending November 30, 2016.—Continued [Delaware River Master daily operations record. All provided measurements are the mean discharge in cubic feet per second for 24 hours. Column (col.) 1 = directed release ordered by the Office of the Delaware River Master; col. 2 = 24 hours beginning 1200 of date shown; col. 3 = 24 hours ending 2400, 1 day later; col. 4 = 24 hours beginning 1500, 1 day later; col. 5 = 24 hours beginning 0800 of date shown until July 31, 2016, then beginning 0000 of date shown thereafter; col. 6 = 24 hours beginning 1600 of date shown; col. 7 = col. 2 + col. 3 + col. 4 in response to direction (col. 1); col. 8 = col. 2 + col. 3 + col. 4 − col. 7; col. 9 = col. 5 + col. 6; col. 10 = col. 11 − col. 7 − col. 8 − col. 9; col. 11 = 24 hours of calendar day shown; col. 12 = The portion of col. 8 attributed to Interim Excess Release Quantity (IERQ) bank releases. IERQ used to meet the Trenton, New Jersey, flow objective, unless otherwise noted.—, not applicable] Controlled releases from powerplant reservoirs

Controlled releases from New York City reservoirs

Segregation of flow, Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey

Directed

Controlled releases Lake Wallenpaupack

Rio Reservoir

Col. 5

Col. 6

9/13/2016

9/14/2016

9/15/2016

9/16/2016

1,482

9/17/2016

727

102

478

102

306

101

1,007

1,150

101

9/21/2016

1,127

9/22/2016

816

9/23/2016 9/24/2016

Pepacton

Cannonsville

Neversink

Col. 1

Col. 2

Col. 3

Col. 4

9/11/2016

1,244

139

1,163

9/12/2016

1,268

139

1,188

9/13/2016

1,366

139

1,286

9/14/2016

1,640

139

1,556

9/15/2016

1,608

133

9/16/2016

916

9/17/2016

664

9/18/2016

450

9/19/2016

1,199

9/20/2016

Date

Amount

Date

New York City reservoirs

Powerplants

Computed uncontrolled

Total

IERQ and drought bank releases

Other

Col. 7

Col. 8

Col. 9

Col. 10

Col. 11

Col. 12

9/14/2016

1,242

150

448

1,840

150

9/15/2016

1,267

150

463

1,880

150

9/16/2016

1,365

150

475

1,990

150

9/17/2016

1,635

150

385

2,170

150

177

9/18/2016

1,605

100

177

298

2,180

100

9/18/2016

9/19/2016

916

584

1,500

9/19/2016

301

9/20/2016

670

301

1,059

2,030

9/20/2016

309

9/21/2016

450

309

1,403

2,210

9/21/2016

330

9/22/2016

1,198

330

882

2,410

1,156

9/22/2016

331

9/23/2016

1,147

200

331

622

2,300

200

101

1,137

9/23/2016

528

9/24/2016

1,128

200

528

504

2,360

200

101

831

9/24/2016

439

9/25/2016

822

200

439

469

1,930

200

820

101

625

9/25/2016

432

9/26/2016

816

432

482

1,730

765

101

574

9/26/2016

469

9/27/2016

765

469

486

1,720

9/25/2016

612

101

523

9/27/2016

473

9/28/2016

614

100

473

453

1,640

100

9/26/2016

785

101

594

9/28/2016

442

9/29/2016

785

442

413

1,640

9/27/2016

758

101

558

9/29/2016

447

9/30/2016

749

447

504

1,700

9/28/2016

467

101

303

9/30/2016

461

10/1/2016

494

532

764

1,790

9/29/2016

755

101

572

10/1/2016

472

10/2/2016

752

472

766

1,990

9/30/2016

624

101

466

10/2/2016

479

10/3/2016

623

479

908

2,010

10/1/2016

843

101

681

10/3/2016

698

10/4/2016

838

698

904

2,440

10/2/2016

894

101

741

10/4/2016

780

10/5/2016

898

780

582

2,260

10/3/2016

494

101

402

10/5/2016

668

10/6/2016

559

668

883

2,110

10/4/2016

382

101

224

10/6/2016

533

10/7/2016

381

533

726

1,640

Tables 1, 3–11, and 13–20 51

Directed

Controlled releases from New York City reservoirs

Segregation of flow, Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey

Directed

Controlled releases Lake Wallenpaupack

Rio Reservoir

Col. 5

Col. 6

10/7/2016

699

10/8/2016

685

10/9/2016

769

10/10/2016

763

193

10/11/2016

754

101

244

10/12/2016

101

325

10/13/2016

437

101

377

10/14/2016

1,006

101

752

10/15/2016

1,292

101

1,233

10/15/2016

1,288

101

1,132

10/16/2016

1,297

101

1,137

10/17/2016

1,287

300

10/18/2016

1,248

308

10/19/2016

716

10/20/2016 10/21/2016

Pepacton

Cannonsville

Neversink

Col. 1

Col. 2

Col. 3

Col. 4

10/5/2016

413

101

257

10/6/2016

477

101

316

10/7/2016

392

101

238

10/8/2016

342

101

187

10/9/2016

350

101

10/10/2016

400

10/11/2016

383

10/12/2016 10/13/2016 10/14/2016

Date

Amount

Date

New York City reservoirs

Powerplants

Computed uncontrolled

Total

IERQ and drought bank releases

Directed

Other

Col. 7

Col. 8

Col. 9

Col. 10

Col. 11

Col. 12

10/8/2016

414

699

637

1,750

10/9/2016

473

685

622

1,780

10/10/2016

395

769

676

1,840

10/11/2016

344

813

613

1,770

10/12/2016

350

754

556

1,660

805

10/13/2016

401

805

514

1,720

942

10/14/2016

382

100

942

796

2,220

100

1,000

10/15/2016

434

100

1,000

266

1,800

100

177

10/16/2016

809

100

177

344

1,430

100

10/16/2016

10/17/2016

1,290

100

470

1,860

100

10/17/2016

10/18/2016

1,289

521

1,810

10/18/2016

10/19/2016

1,294

496

1,790

930

10/19/2016

10/20/2016

1,286

454

1,740

882

10/20/2016

10/21/2016

1,246

484

1,730

232

433

10/21/2016

10/22/2016

715

735

1,450

1,200

532

189

10/22/2016

10/23/2016

792

588

1,380

433

741

10/23/2016

10/24/2016

862

888

1,750

10/22/2016

1,175

371

752

10/24/2016

10/25/2016

1,173

882

2,090

10/23/2016

1,256

387

1,016

10/25/2016

10/26/2016

1256

197

777

2,230

200

10/24/2016

1,300

540

908

10/26/2016

10/27/2016

1,300

198

612

2,110

200

10/25/2016

482

316

419

10/27/2016

10/28/2016

482

303

1,055

1,840

300

10/26/2016

630

503

10/28/2016

10/29/2016

630

2,029

2,730

10/27/2016

801

303

453

10/29/2016

10/30/2016

806

1,724

2,530

10/28/2016

1,181

535

599

10/30/2016

10/31/2016

1,184

1,396

2,580

52 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016

Table 10. Controlled releases from reservoirs in the upper Delaware River Basin and segregation of flow of Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey, for report year ending November 30, 2016.—Continued [Delaware River Master daily operations record. All provided measurements are the mean discharge in cubic feet per second for 24 hours. Column (col.) 1 = directed release ordered by the Office of the Delaware River Master; col. 2 = 24 hours beginning 1200 of date shown; col. 3 = 24 hours ending 2400, 1 day later; col. 4 = 24 hours beginning 1500, 1 day later; col. 5 = 24 hours beginning 0800 of date shown until July 31, 2016, then beginning 0000 of date shown thereafter; col. 6 = 24 hours beginning 1600 of date shown; col. 7 = col. 2 + col. 3 + col. 4 in response to direction (col. 1); col. 8 = col. 2 + col. 3 + col. 4 − col. 7; col. 9 = col. 5 + col. 6; col. 10 = col. 11 − col. 7 − col. 8 − col. 9; col. 11 = 24 hours of calendar day shown; col. 12 = The portion of col. 8 attributed to Interim Excess Release Quantity (IERQ) bank releases. IERQ used to meet the Trenton, New Jersey, flow objective, unless otherwise noted.—, not applicable] Controlled releases from powerplant reservoirs

Controlled releases from New York City reservoirs

Segregation of flow, Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey

Directed

Controlled releases Lake Wallenpaupack

Rio Reservoir

Col. 5

Col. 6

10/31/2016

11/1/2016

11/2/2016

11/3/2016

405

11/4/2016

385

648

464

588

814

565

653

1,000

619

730

1,100

619

11/8/2016

1,200

11/9/2016

1,200

11/10/2016 11/11/2016

Pepacton

Cannonsville

Neversink

Col. 1

Col. 2

Col. 3

Col. 4

10/29/2016

1,165

540

577

10/30/2016

1,054

463

540

10/31/2016

500

167

282

11/1/2016

378

155

173

11/2/2016

612

158

11/3/2016

786

11/4/2016

800

11/5/2016 11/6/2016 11/7/2016

Date

Amount

Date

New York City reservoirs

Powerplants

Computed uncontrolled

Total

IERQ and drought bank releases

Other

Col. 7

Col. 8

Col. 9

Col. 10

Col. 11

Col. 12

11/1/2016

1,167

1,293

2,460

11/2/2016

1,053

1,087

2,140

11/3/2016

499

1,121

1,620

11/4/2016

378

1,022

1,400

11/5/2016

613

887

1,500

11/5/2016

11/6/2016

783

300

797

1,880

300

11/6/2016

11/7/2016

803

300

757

1,860

300

11/7/2016

11/8/2016

869

400

681

1,950

400

11/8/2016

11/9/2016

1,051

344

675

2,070

400

829

11/9/2016

11/10/2016

1,041

457

672

2,170

400

619

928

11/10/2016

11/11/2016

1,197

400

603

2,200

400

619

880

11/11/2016

11/12/2016

1,194

350

596

2,140

350

1,300

619

862

11/12/2016

11/13/2016

1,296

230

604

2,130

230

1,300

619

985

11/13/2016

11/14/2016

1,299

350

531

2,180

350

11/12/2016

1,300

619

989

11/14/2016

11/15/2016

1,303

350

607

2,260

350

11/13/2016

1,300

617

979

11/15/2016

11/16/2016

1,291

350

599

2,240

350

11/14/2016

1,205

394

1,115

11/16/2016

11/17/2016

1,204

350

806

2,360

350

11/15/2016

1,244

387

1,153

11/17/2016

11/18/2016

1,235

350

755

2,340

350

11/16/2016

1,150

387

1,055

11/18/2016

11/19/2016

1,143

344

643

2,130

344

11/17/2016

1,048

235

767

11/19/2016

11/20/2016

1,047

803

1,850

11/18/2016

867

155

670

11/20/2016

11/21/2016

870

930

1,800

11/19/2016

919

155

718

11/21/2016

11/22/2016

918

892

1,810

11/20/2016

1,063

155

859

11/22/2016

11/23/2016

1,059

801

1,860

11/21/2016

863

155

670

11/23/2016

11/24/2016

861

799

1,660

Tables 1, 3–11, and 13–20 53

Directed

Controlled releases from New York City reservoirs

Segregation of flow, Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey

Directed

Date

Controlled releases

Amount Col. 1

Pepacton

Cannonsville

Neversink

Col. 2

Col. 3

Col. 4

Date

Lake Wallenpaupack

Rio Reservoir

Col. 5

Col. 6

Date

New York City reservoirs Directed

Other

Col. 7

Col. 8

Powerplants

Computed uncontrolled

Total

Col. 9

Col. 10

Col. 11

IERQ and drought bank releases Col. 12

11/22/2016

768

155

575

11/24/2016

11/25/2016

766

844

1,610

11/23/2016

680

155

509

11/25/2016

11/26/2016

680

910

1,610

‡20

11/24/2016

839

155

670

11/26/2016

11/27/2016

839

1,087

1,948

‡22

11/25/2016

870

155

704

11/27/2016

11/28/2016

870

1,280

2,175

‡25

11/26/2016

600

155

433

11/28/2016

11/29/2016

602

1,345

1,998

‡22

11/27/2016

197

113

11/29/2016

11/30/2016

199

2,001

2,200

Monthly totals Dec. 2015

2,860

4,387

1,650

—

6,950

7,518

Dec. 2015

8,897

14,468

139,635

163,000

Jan. 2016

4,525

6,480

3,826

—

16,584

8,511

Jan. 2016

14,831

25,095

153,174

193,100

Feb. 2016

4,305

8,887

3,768

—

20,349

8,956

Feb. 2016

16,960

29,305

198,385

244,650

Mar. 2016

11,842

27,590

4,143

—

8,274

6,986

Mar. 2016

43,575

15,260

123,735

182,570

Apr. 2016

2,561

8,464

1,883

—

152

1,454

Apr. 2016

12,908

1,606

108,786

123,300

224 979

May 2016

3,074

8,391

2,440

—

7,476

4,575

May 2016

13,905

12,051

131,074

157,030

June 2016

6,858

4,132

14,863

3,271

—

7,474

904

June 2016

6,868

15,398

8,378

47,026

77,670

July 2016

5,024

4,313

16,028

3,408

—

9,555

2,844

July 2016

5,024

18,725

12,399

41,302

77,450

499

Aug. 2016

829

4,309

15,552

3,410

—

12,343

2,799

Aug. 2016

829

22,442

15,142

61,267

99,680

Sep. 2016

29,235

3,708

27,010

2,734

—

4,994

407

Sep. 2016

29,213

4,239

5,401

18,447

57,300

2,950

Oct. 2016

24,245

5,429

17,948

1,873

—

10,508

404

Oct. 2016

24,152

1,098

10,912

23,668

59,830

1,100

Nov. 2016

26,972

10,695

21,059

1,340

—

Nov. 2016

28,130

4,964

26,428

59,551

4,963

†Temporary release program. ††Thermal release. ‡New Jersey Diversion Offset Bank release (used during drought conditions).

54 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016

Tables 1, 3–11, and 13–20 55 Table 11. Daily mean discharge, Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey (U.S. Geological Survey site number 01438500), for report year ending November 30, 2016. [Data from U.S. Geological Survey (2019d). All values except the year’s total discharge volume are in cubic foot per second (ft3/s). The total volume discharged is given in cubic foot per second accumulated daily ([ft3/s]-d). e, estimated; —, not applicable]

Day

Dec. 2015

Jan. 2016

Feb. 2016

Mar. 2016

Apr. 2016

May 2016

June 2016

July 2016

Aug. 2016

Sept. 2016

Oct. 2016

Nov. 2016

2,940

8,270

2,950

12,500

2,690

2,870

2,750

2,370

5,070

2,090

1,950

2,410

4,150

7,600

3,060

9,900

2,550

3,430

2,590

2,250

3,950

1,680

2,160

12,080

6,320

6,720

3,370

8,680

2,560

6,140

2,340

1,970

3,690

1,530

2,190

1,570

6,630

6,290

4,910

7,870

2,660

7,680

2,320

1,870

3,210

1,720

2,450

1,360

5,090

5,750

5,560

7,320

12,810

7,440

2,340

1,790

2,780

1,690

2,230

1,480

4,170

4,860

4,600

6,560

2,610

6,960

3,930

1,940

2,740

1,580

2,110

1,860

4,090

4,600

4,070

6,260

2,560

9,430

4,950

2,110

2,260

1,830

1,640

1,830

3,790

4,440

3,960

6,110

8,050

9,620

3,770

2,440

2,170

1,970

1,760

1,910

4,000

4,540

4,350

6,040

10,500

8,230

3,640

2,440

2,130

2,060

1,790

2,030

3,840

5,340

4,240

5,810

8,120

7,320

3,320

3,770

2,060

1,930

1,850

2,130

3,420

16,000

4,270

5,850

6,570

6,100

2,970

4,510

2,840

2,080

1,790

2,170

3,070

12,400

4,050

6,380

6,190

5,560

2,280

3,310

3,970

1,830

1,680

2,110

2,900

9,530

3,470e

5,410

6,380

5,250

2,130

2,760

4,040

2,050

1,750

2,090

2,900

8,770

2,950e

5,090

5,670

6,070

2,430

2,530

5,090

1,870

2,310

2,150

3,100

7,360

4,360

5,420

5,040

6,300

2,340

2,700

5,210

1,920

1,770

2,220

4,070

7,290

4,590

5,350

4,720

6,110

2,310

2,570

4,880

2,020

1,490

2,200

3,990

7,720

13,800

5,510

4,150

5,790

2,220

2,490

4,070

2,200

1,770

2,320

4,770

7,260

12,100

5,430

3,850

5,020

2,130

2,840

3,540

2,210

1,730

2,310

4,910

6,750

8,580

5,210

13,580

4,500

1,980

2,560

3,180

1,520

1,710

2,090

4,340

5,900

7,370

4,840

3,320

4,290

1,980

2,220

2,960

2,120

1,660

1,820

4,030

5,150

7,340

4,650

3,130

4,010

2,030

2,070

2,890

2,260

1,660

1,770

4,470

4,810

7,120

4,350

3,000

3,310

2,150

2,110

2,880

2,490

1,380

1,770

5,010

4,060e

6,520

4,070

2,890

3,020

2,010

2,210

3,520

2,400

1,340

1,820

9,860

3,380e

6,110

3,700

2,720

3,020

1,690

1,960

2,740

2,430

1,710

1,630

11,500

4,460

27,500

3,500

2,580

2,750

1,660

2,050

2,590

2,030

2,040

1,580

9,200

4,350

31,800

3,240

2,550

2,880

1,830

2,420

2,590

1,830

2,160

1,600

8,100

4,140

20,500

3,090

2,690

2,850

1,790

2,570

2,550

1,840

2,050

1,930

7,330

3,850

16,100

2,990

2,820

2,500

1,950

2,220

2,490

1,750

1,790

2,160

6,920

3,850

14,100

3,300

2,550

2,840

2,280

1,900

2,470

1,770

2,710

1,980

6,730

3,590

—

3,480

2,520

2,860

3,040

2,030

2,410

1,840

2,480

2,170

7,360

2,910

31 Total1 Mean2

163,000 191,940 5,258

6,192

—

3,050

—

2,910

—

3,190

2,300

—

2,530

—

243,700

170,960

122,030

157,060

75,150

76,170

99,270

58,540

59,640

58,550

8,403

5,515

4,068

5,066

2,505

2,457

3,202

1,951

1,924

1,952

1The year’s total is 1,476,010 cubic feet per second accumulated daily. 2The combined mean is 4,033 cubic feet per second.

56 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016 Table 13. Daily mean discharge, East Branch Delaware River at Downsville, New York (U.S. Geological Survey site number 01417000), for report year ending November 30, 2016. [Data from U.S. Geological Survey (2019a). All values except the year’s total discharge volume are in cubic foot per second (ft3/s). The total volume discharge is given in cubic foot per second accumulated daily ([ft3/s]-d). —, not applicable]

Day

Dec. 2015

Jan. 2016

Feb. 2016

Mar. 2016

Apr. 2016

May 2016

June 2016

July 2016

Aug. 2016

Sept. 2016

Oct. 2016

Nov. 2016

103

147

148

709

129

127

129

130

101

155

103

147

148

706

132

127

130

102

155

103

147

148

707

132

127

130

103

282

102

147

148

706

132

127

130

103

430

102

147

148

635

133

127

129

130

103

510

102

146

148

531

132

128

129

130

103

588

102

144

148

496

132

128

129

130

103

631

102

144

148

496

131

128

129

130

103

631

102

144

148

496

130

128

129

130

103

631

101

144

148

496

130

128

130

103

631

101

144

148

464

130

129

130

103

631

101

144

148

300

103

130

129

130

103

631

101

144

148

301

112

130

128

130

105

631

101

145

147

299

112

130

127

130

106

519

101

145

148

301

111

130

127

130

106

393

146

148

301

111

130

127

130

109

106

392

145

148

301

111

130

127

130

101

212

319

144

148

301

111

129

128

130

101

315

199

144

149

302

111

129

127

130

101

274

159

146

149

302

111

129

128

130

101

155

159

147

150

301

111

128

129

130

101

159

147

150

302

111

128

130

101

231

160

147

150

246

111

128

130

101

393

160

148

150

100

111

128

129

130

101

477

159

148

105

100

111

129

130

101

432

159

148

150

102

111

130

101

194

159

148

292

102

118

129

130

101

195

108

148

496

102

124

129

130

101

434

148

591

124

128

130

101

546

148

—

123

127

130

102

504

126

148

—

121

—

130

—

315

—

Total1

2,917

4,529

5,195

10,779

2,659

3,240

3,894

3,975

4,024

3,474

6,408

9,890

146

179

348

104

130

128

130

116

207

330

Mean2

94.1

88.6

1The year’s total is 60,984 cubic feet per second accumulated daily. 2The combined mean is 167 cubic feet per second.

Tables 1, 3–11, and 13–20 57 Table 14. Daily mean discharge, West Branch Delaware River at Stilesville, New York (U.S. Geological Survey site number 01425000), for report year ending November 30, 2016. [Data from U.S. Geological Survey (2019b). All values except the year’s total discharge volume are in cubic foot per second (ft3/s). The total volume discharge is given in cubic foot per second accumulated daily ([ft3/s]-d). —, not applicable]

Day

Dec. 2015

Jan. 2016

Feb. 2016

Mar. 2016

Apr. 2016

May 2016

June 2016

July 2016

Aug. 2016

Sept. 2016

Oct. 2016

Nov. 2016

153

209

222

1,460

108

345

461

507

495

429

423

268

154

210

221

1,460

108

174

498

506

490

781

622

154

153

209

227

1,460

108

145

499

506

490

785

674

341

153

204

221

1,460

108

143

502

506

490

778

366

576

153

204

220

1,460

107

145

506

490

1,010

183

522

153

204

223

1,460

107

186

501

506

491

1,100

226

560

153

204

226

1,420

108

246

501

507

490

1,270

300

658

153

207

226

1,210

108

246

498

506

490

1,030

214

761

153

209

226

977

108

247

496

510

490

1,210

164

857

153

217

223

702

108

247

496

506

496

960

166

827

154

209

220

623

184

269

496

506

493

1,280

218

805

153

206

223

550

387

350

492

506

500

1,120

311

913

153

199

220

550

385

483

497

505

496

1,140

353

930

157

199

215

544

386

641

493

505

499

1,230

715

924

156

218

215

541

388

736

493

503

506

1,500

1,170

1,050

144

238

233

545

389

768

490

498

506

1,420

1,070

1,090

129

238

228

548

386

772

490

504

506

663

1,070

1,010

129

232

223

544

386

729

499

506

440

871

726

129

229

221

551

388

567

501

506

300

824

615

129

221

223

551

391

458

494

504

500

953

404

656

129

220

226

549

391

374

492

500

503

1,090

490

793

131

223

555

391

303

490

498

501

1,070

675

619

132

226

223

556

391

262

491

583

494

775

683

518

132

226

229

551

391

255

553

777

482

563

943

466

131

226

451

550

391

255

584

697

482

508

847

601

131

226

1,030

551

392

255

503

493

482

464

393

637

132

225

1,460

550

391

319

507

490

484

530

463

419

129

226

1,460

501

391

390

508

493

490

514

429

113

129

226

1,460

361

392

390

506

498

490

288

526

129

226

—

193

391

390

506

498

485

509

505

175

226

—

126

—

389

—

502

482

—

473

—

Total1

4,444

6,742

11,218

23,659

8,660

11,479

15,043

16,138

15,305

25,710

16,771

18,579

Mean2

143

218

387

763

289

370

501

521

494

857

541

619

1The year’s total is 60,984 cubic feet per second accumulated daily. 2The combined mean is 167 cubic feet per second.

58 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016 Table 15. Daily mean discharge, Neversink River at Neversink, New York (U.S. Geological Survey site number 01436000) for report year ending November 30, 2016. [Data from U.S. Geological Survey (2019c). All values except the year’s total discharge volume are in cubic foot per second (ft3/s). The total volume discharge is given in cubic foot per second accumulated daily ([ft3/s]-d). —, not applicable]

Day

Dec. 2015

Jan. 2016

Feb. 2016

Mar. 2016

Apr. 2016

May 2016

June 2016

July 2016

Aug. 2016

Sept. 2016

Oct. 2016

Nov. 2016

121

122

180

108

114

100

121

122

179

114

112

114

121

123

178

114

113

114

120

123

179

114

120

121

142

114

113

114

120

123

113

114

113

120

123

122

113

114

113

120

123

135

112

114

113

122

123

194

112

114

123

122

123

207

112

113

114

121

122

178

114

122

160

112

114

120

119

123

167

112

114

120

122

222

113

114

122

120

123

240

114

123

122

123

150

114

122

123

122

103

114

113

120

122

121

105

114

113

114

118

123

121

104

114

113

114

120

123

120

105

113

114

120

123

120

113

114

110

120

123

122

112

113

136

120

123

113

114

120

124

122

114

113

114

120

124

122

114

121

152

123

114

113

114

121

179

123

114

121

179

107

114

120

179

113

114

120

—

114

100

122

—

114

—

Total1

4,444

6,742

11,218

23,659

8,660

11,479

15,043

16,138

15,305

25,710

16,771

18,579

Mean2

143

218

387

763

289

370

501

521

494

857

541

619

1The year’s total is 60,984 cubic feet per second accumulated daily. 2The combined mean is 167 cubic feet per second.

Tables 1, 3–11, and 13–20 59 Table 16. Daily mean discharge, Delaware River at Trenton, New Jersey (U.S. Geological Survey site number 01463500), for report year ending November 30, 2016. [Data from U.S. Geological Survey (2019f). All values except the year’s total discharge volume are in cubic foot per second (ft3/s). The total volume discharge is given in cubic foot per second accumulated daily ([ft3/s]-d). e, estimated; —, not applicable]

Day

Dec. 2015

Jan. 2016

Feb. 2016

Mar. 2016

Apr. 2016

May 2016

June 2016

July 2016

Aug. 2016

Sept. 2016

Oct. 2016

Nov. 2016

6,010

17,200

6,820

26,200

6,750

5,390

7,440

4,530

7,830

3,630

4,930

3,990

6,770

16,700

7,100

22,900

6,150

5,640

7,200

4,740

8,620

3,550

4,570

3,960

8,830

15,300

9,820

19,300

5,940

7,690

6,290

4,300

8,210

3,260

3,840

3,800

11,400

13,900

27,900

17,100

5,840

11,200

5,550

4,010

6,850

2,780

3,860

3,550

11,800

12,700

24,700

15,500

6,020

14,100

5,380

3,940

5,980

2,690

3,730

3,070

10,400

11,400

19,400

14,300

6,040

114,000

6,030

4,030

5,260

2,810

3,780

2,680

8,810

9,690

15,300

13,200

6,050

115,100

7,640

3,730

5,160

2,630

3,480

2,550

8,430

9,500

13,300e

12,500

7,000

15,800

9,480

3,870

4,790

2,510

3,250

2,910

7,760

9,360

12,400e

12,200

11,300

16,000

8,860

4,540

4,190

2,580

2,830

3,030

7,570

13,700

11,900e

11,800

15,400

14,000

7,620

5,300

3,710

2,700

2,780

3,140

7,470

21,000

11,100

11,200

12,800

12,900

6,970

5,060

3,700

2,930

2,720

3,090

7,160

28,100

10,300

11,100

11,400

6,230

6,810

4,670

2,800

2,820

3,090

6,510

22,500

9,340

11,400

10,300

5,550

6,290

6,670

2,980

2,710

3,100

6,180

17,800

8,600e

11,100

10,300

4,850

5,240

7,180

2,740

2,680

2,980

6,180

16,300

7,760e

10,900

10,300

10,900

4,590

4,680

7,310

2,870

2,710

2,980

6,760

15,100

11,200e

11,000

9,180

10,700

4,590

7,870

2,700

2,970

3,020 3,170

7,800

14,900

25,300

10,700

8,520

10,100

4,610

4,420

7,350

2,740

12,850

10,600

14,500

29,300

10,400

8,000

9,810

4,530

4,080

6,570

2,870

2,370

3,190 13,300

10,300

13,100

22,900

10,400

7,380

9,130

4,310

4,370

5,960

3,240

13,020

9,750

11,800

17,600

9,890

6,950

8,100

4,060

4,550

5,220

3,870

13,020

3,250 3,070

8,870

11,300

15,800

9,180

6,580

7,660

3,850

3,960

4,820

3,290

13,000

8,090

10,700

15,400

8,560

6,300

7,790

3,830

3,550

5,280

3,260

3,120

2,750

9,010

10,200e

14,800

8,160

6,190

7,110

3,810

3,280

5,610

3,430

3,020

2,630

16,200

7,950e

16,500

7,790

6,020

6,340

3,820

3,170

5,150

3,450

2,810

2,670

21,100

8,640e

47,400

7,200

5,700

5,990

3,650

3,750

4,990

3,260

2,690

2,780

20,200

9,070e

66,300

7,130

5,520

5,630

3,290

5,140

4,230

3,170

2,990

2,630

17,100

8,860e

49,100

6,690

5,640

5,630

3,430

4,420

4,000

2,900

3,540

2,590

15,800

8,800e

35,600

6,570

5,690

5,520

3,610

4,090

4,080

2,910

3,670

2,600

18,000

8,750

29,900

6,850

5,710

5,270

4,260

4,310

4,420

2,890

3,450

3,160

19,700

8,160

—

6,910

5,540

6,180

4,630

4,560

4,010

3,000

3,250

5,080

18,100

7,690

—

6,940

—

8,560

—

8,830

3,600

—

4,160

—

Total1

338,660

404,670

592,840

355,070

232,410

294,240

159,960

142,140

173,290

90,440

100,620

93,810

Mean2

10,924

13,054

20,443

11,454

7,747

9,492

5,332

4,585

5,590

3,015

3,246

3,127

1The year’s total is 60,984 cubic feet per second accumulated daily. 2The combined mean is 167 cubic feet per second.

[Data from U.S. Geological Survey (2020h). Specific conductance measurements provided in microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius. *, missing data; —, not applicable; max, maximum; min, minimum] Day

Dec. 2015

Jan. 2016

Feb. 2016

Mar. 2016

Max

Min

Max

Min

Max

Min

Max

Min

17,300

8,640

7,250

2,470

15,600

7,710

2,950

15,100

8,500

8,320

2,250

16,700

7,700

4,380

12,500

8,400

10,400

2,110

16,700

8,430

13,900

7,630

13,400

3,810

16,700

16,400

7,150

18,800

6,820

17,100

7,590

18,700

17,100

7,620

17,900

17,300

8,260

19,900

Apr. 2016 Max

Min

453

8,940

445

10,500

5,410

430

5,690

8,400

12,700

4,920

8,900

13,800

8,710

12,300

18,600

9,620

9,050

19,900

18,700

9,110

May 2016

June 2016

July 2016

Aug. 2016

Sept. 2016

Oct. 2016

Nov. 2016

Max

Min

Max

Min

Max

Min

Max

Min

Max

Min

Max

Min

Max

Min

3,270

11,900

5,270

10,900

4,320

15,600

8,930

15,100

8,350

16,900

9,090

22,100

14,400

22,500

15,300

2,460

12,100

5,180

12,400

4,190

14,900

8,350

15,900

8,260

16,400

9,050

20,300

13,600

22,000

15,100

8,130

1,750

11,500

4,990

12,100

4,450

15,500

8,300

16,000

8,450

17,700

10,500

20,500

14,000

21,500

14,900

1,100

10,800

2,800

12,300

5,350

12,300

4,480

15,700

8,300

15,100

8,400

18,300

10,800

21,100

13,900

22,400

15,100

11,300

2,170

12,500

3,030

12,500

5,400

12,200

4,780

15,600

7,910

15,000

8,050

18,400

11,100

21,600

14,300

22,400

14,900

3,300

12,600

3,160

13,400

4,240

13,700

5,330

11,800

4,670

15,500

7,940

14,500

8,180

20,200

12,500

20,500

14,100

21,800

15,300

3,550

11,500

3,390

12,800

5,310

12,400

4,300

11,500

4,540

15,500

8,400

14,100

7,950

19,100

11,500

19,800

13,900

24,000

14,700

16,000

4,110

9,480

3,080

10,800

4,380

10,700

3,650

10,900

4,500

15,200

8,470

15,000

8,050

19,400

11,300

20,300

14,300

25,100

16,300

9,850

16,300

5,600

9,710

2,870

10,800

4,060

10,200

3,350

9,720

4,010

16,600

9,090

15,200

8,320

19,100

11,800

21,800

13,900

23,900

16,400

20,400

11,500

13,300

4,870

8,880

2,630

10,400

3,860

8,490

3,270

11,300

3,960

15,800

9,190

15,200

8,400

19,300

11,500

24,800

15,100

24,800

16,000

18,500

8,800

14,800

7,490

8,210

3,840

8,440

2,520

12,200

4,220

7,760

2,930

12,400

3,880

16,000

8,750

14,100

7,620

19,700

11,200

24,300

15,800

23,000

16,500

17,500

8,440

15,000

7,320

9,490

3,570

8,320

2,530

8,480

3,850

8,260

2,680

12,400

4,750

16,000

9,460

14,100

6,990

21,100

11,700

25,100

15,900

23,400

16,000

17,300

8,370

10,100

4,510

10,400

3,290

8,180

2,540

8,430

3,330

8,300

2,820

16,000

4,580

15,000

9,450

15,200

6,860

20,300

12,100

24,200

15,800

23,200

15,800

17,600

9,290

10,400

4,050

9,290

2,900

8,350

2,610

9,030

3,110

8,390

2,940

16,100

6,200

15,100

9,000

16,100

6,990

19,300

12,000

23,900

15,800

23,100

15,500

15,200

8,650

11,000

3,780

11,500

3,100

9,290

2,780

9,040

3,230

7,560

2,690

16,600

6,600

15,300

8,300

16,200

7,380

19,400

12,000

24,000

15,800

24,300

16,000

16,100

8,100

12,500

4,110

13,300

3,630

8,530

3,010

10,100

3,370

9,390

2,560

18,000

7,780

16,500

8,010

16,200

7,520

20,300

12,800

24,300

16,200

24,500

16,600

17,800

8,630

11,700

4,050

9,900

3,300

8,540

2,960

11,000

3,590

10,800

2,700

17,900

8,370

16,800

7,940

16,300

7,150

19,700

12,900

24,100

16,400

22,900

16,500

14,400

8,540

12,800

3,910

8,600

2,180

8,700

2,880

9,730

3,830

12,200

3,350

17,900

8,200

14,900

7,060

18,700

12,500

24,200

16,400

24,200

16,200

12,800

7,990

8,390

2,680

9,600

1,980

8,210

2,650

9,730

3,550

12,400

3,280

16,500

8,470

15,800

7,720

18,900

12,700

23,600

16,300

25,500

16,900

12,600

6,180

11,000

2,040

8,690

1,850

9,800

2,760

10,100

3,620

12,400

4,290

16,100

8,050

16,100

8,060

15,900

8,070

18,500

12,400

23,700

16,200

20,500

16,100

14,800

6,240

13,600

3,560

7,790

1,650

12,000

3,180

10,900

3,620

12,100

4,480

16,600

8,410

17,000

8,410

16,200

8,920

18,100

12,400

23,900

16,900

18,300

12,600

14,500

5,640

14,900

3,680

9,790

1,680

10,900

3,180

9,550

3,400

12,400

4,920

16,700

8,260

16,600

8,980

14,100

8,170

19,500

12,500

22,100

17,000

20,000

11,500

15,000

5,850

22,100

7,150

8,800

1,800

8,720

2,870

10,200

3,450

13,600

4,720

16,900

7,910

15,800

8,850

14,000

7,980

19,000

12,800

20,000

15,600

22,900

11,800

13,900

5,580

23,500

9,470

10,000

2,200

8,690

2,880

10,900

3,760

13,500

5,040

16,600

8,380

15,900

8,830

14,100

8,050

19,800

12,500

20,400

14,100

23,900

13,900

12,100

4,850

21,800

10,100

9,010

1,020

10,800

3,570

11,900

4,090

12,600

4,970

16,300

8,220

16,900

9,180

14,800

8,340

20,000

13,100

21,300

14,100

24,400

15,100

11,900

4,420

17,800

9,580

1,810

489

9,640

3,150

11,700

4,520

12,400

4,710

16,500

8,810

14,900

9,260

14,200

7,530

20,500

12,800

22,200

14,500

24,500

15,800

11,600

3,940

15,600

8,620

720

513

10,600

3,550

12,100

4,590

12,100

4,930

15,500

9,300

15,700

8,840

16,500

7,350

19,700

13,700

22,300

15,300

25,200

16,100

9,920

3,690

17,600

8,580

1,200

472

10,500

4,030

12,300

4,450

12,200

5,120

14,800

9,360

16,600

9,040

16,600

8,150

19,800

13,400

22,100

14,700

26,100

16,100

11,700

3,470

17,400

9,170

593

464

8,120

3,330

11,900

5,000

10,300

4,910

15,100

8,860

16,300

8,700

16,000

8,670

21,200

15,600

21,700

14,800

24,300

16,500

8,290

3,350

16,200

8,360

—

10,200

2,920

12,600

4,560

11,500

4,720

16,000

8,550

16,100

9,080

16,000

8,480

21,300

15,400

21,200

14,200

23,300

14,000

8,660

2,730

15,700

8,120

—

11,900

4,500

—

10,200

4,370

—

15,000

8,590

16,200

8,620

—

22,500

15,200

—

Mean

14,757

6,926

15,083

6,275

10,303

3,304

9,130

2,714

10,699

3,743

11,198

4,168

14,534

6,561

15,845

8,676

15,310

7,936

19,320

12,188

22,384

15,113

23,263

15,317

Max

19,900

9,290

23,500

11,500

16,700

8,430

12,600

4,500

13,400

5,310

13,700

5,400

18,000

9,360

17,000

9,460

16,600

8,920

21,300

15,600

25,100

17,000

26,100

16,900

Min

8,290

2,730

7,250

2,040

593

464

2,950

430

8,130

1,750

7,560

2,560

9,720

3,880

14,900

7,910

14,000

6,860

16,400

9,050

19,800

13,600

18,300

11,500

60 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016

Table 17. Daily maximum and minimum specific conductance, Delaware River at Reedy Island Jetty, Delaware (U.S. Geological Survey site number 01482800), for report year ending November 30, 2016.

Table 18. Daily maximum and minimum chloride concentrations, Delaware River at Chester, Pennsylvania (U.S. Geological Survey site number 01477050), for report year ending November 30, 2016. [Data provided by Kimberly-Clark Chester Operations. Concentrations are in milligrams per liter. *, missing data; —, not applicable; max, maximum; min, minimum]

Day

Dec. 2015

Jan. 2016

Feb. 2016

Mar. 2016

Apr. 2016

May 2016

June 2016

July 2016

Aug. 2016

Sept. 2016

Oct. 2016

Nov. 2016

Max

Min

Max

Min

Max

Min

Max

Min

Max

Min

Max

Min

Max

Min

Max

Min

Max

Min

Max

Min

Max

Min

Max

Min

143

109

280

651

558

143

385

310

651

558

169

120

480

310

651

480

213

120

480

267

651

267

143

446

333

651

558

109

248

143

333

288

651

480

129

248

155

446

288

651

580

141

310

183

414

333

651

480

141

198

143

333

230

651

141

193

129

517

310

651

602

129

224

153

333

288

651

517

129

109

280

129

414

267

651

446

129

109

301

165

358

333

651

480

129

224

141

333

310

651

558

119

208

141

333

310

651

558

116

241

193

446

257

651

280

193

446

333

651

602

324

208

602

310

651

280

208

651

310

651

602

109

119

403

193

651

558

651

119

324

208

651

558

651

161

109

324

193

651

602

174

102

435

241

617

517

651

517

151

124

591

193

651

480

651

558

148

113

468

241

558

446

651

558

129

468

260

651

446

651

129

435

241

651

517

651

129

348

280

651

602

129

100

403

280

651

558

651

—

116

129

120

403

280

651

568

—

119

131

—

651

558

—

Mean

122

303

183

507

395

651

574

Maximum

116

174

124

131

591

280

651

Minimum

143

280

230

651

446

Tables 1, 3–11, and 13–20 61

11 12

62 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016 Table 19. Daily mean dissolved-oxygen concentration, Delaware River at Benjamin Franklin Bridge at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (U.S. Geological Survey site number 01467200), from April 1 to November 30, 2016. [Data from U.S. Geological Survey (2020e). Concentrations are in milligrams per liter. U.S. Geological Survey site number 01467200 was renamed “Delaware River at Penn’s Landing, Philadelphia, PA,” in January 2020.*, missing data; —, not applicable]

Day

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

10.5

7.5

5.9

5.3

4.1

5.0

6.1

7.2

10.3

7.1

5.6

5.2

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.1

10.2

6.8

5.3

5.2

4.1

5.1

5.9

7.1

10.1

6.7

4.9

5.2

4.2

5.3

5.9

7.2

10.0

6.6

4.6

5.0

4.3

5.3

5.9

7.2

9.9

6.7

4.4

4.9

4.4

5.3

6.1

7.3

9.9

6.8

4.3

4.8

4.5

5.4

6.0

7.3

9.8

7.1

4.5

4.9

4.7

5.4

6.0

7.2

9.7

7.5

5.0

4.8

5.3

6.1

7.2

9.6

7.9

5.3

4.9

5.3

6.3

7.2

9.7

7.9

5.6

5.2

5.1

5.4

6.4

7.4

9.7

7.9

5.8

5.4

6.4

7.6

9.8

7.9

6.2

5.5

5.6

5.3

6.3

7.7

9.9

7.8

6.3

5.3

5.8

5.4

6.4

7.7

9.9

7.9

6.5

5.3

6.0

5.5

6.3

7.5

10.0

8.1

6.3

5.4

6.0

5.5

6.3

7.4

9.9

8.2

6.0

5.4

6.0

5.5

6.3

7.5

10.0

8.1

6.1

5.4

5.8

5.4

6.2

7.5

9.9

8.0

6.1

5.2

5.7

5.2

6.1

7.4

9.9

7.9

6.2

5.1

5.6

4.8

6.2

7.9

9.9

7.7

6.2

5.0

5.5

4.6

6.0

8.8

9.8

7.3

6.2

5.0

5.2

4.5

6.2

9.2

9.5

7.0

6.2

5.0

5.1

4.4

6.6

9.2

9.4

6.8

6.2

4.8

5.0

4.5

6.8

9.2

6.6

6.2

4.7

5.2

4.6

6.9

9.1

9.0

6.5

6.1

4.5

5.2

4.8

7.0

9.0

8.7

6.4

6.1

4.4

5.2

4.9

7.0

9.0

8.4

6.5

5.7

4.2

5.2

5.0

7.1

9.0

8.1

6.6

4.1

5.2

5.5

7.2

9.0

7.8

6.4

4.0

5.3

5.9

7.2

8.9

—

6.2

—

4.1

5.2

—

7.2

—

Mean

9.6

7.2

5.7

4.9

5.1

5.2

6.4

7.9

Maximum

10.5

8.2

6.5

5.5

6.0

5.9

7.2

9.2

Minimum

7.8

6.2

4.3

4.0

4.4

5.9

7.1

Tables 1, 3–11, and 13–20 63 Table 20. Daily mean dissolved-oxygen concentration, Delaware River at Chester, Pennsylvania (U.S. Geological Survey site number 01477050), from April 1 to November 30, 2016. [Data from U.S. Geological Survey (2020g). Concentrations are in milligrams per liter. *, missing data; —, not applicable]

Day

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

10.3

7.7

5.9

5.6

4.9

5.8

7.5

8.2

10.1

7.4

6.3

5.8

4.9

5.8

7.1

8.1

10.2

7.2

6.1

5.7

5.5

6.1

6.8

7.9

10.1

7.0

5.9

5.8

5.7

6.6

6.8

7.9

10.1

6.9

5.7

5.8

6.0

6.7

6.9

8.0

10.0

6.9

5.7

5.6

6.2

6.8

6.9

8.0

10.1

7.0

5.6

6.2

6.8

8.2

10.0

6.9

5.6

5.7

6.2

6.7

6.8

8.2

9.8

7.1

6.1

5.7

6.4

6.5

6.8

8.1

9.8

7.1

6.3

5.7

6.6

6.5

7.1

8.1

9.8

6.8

6.6

5.9

6.7

6.5

7.3

8.3

9.7

6.7

7.0

6.2

6.6

6.4

7.3

8.3

9.5

6.5

7.3

6.2

6.5

6.4

7.2

8.5

9.4

6.6

7.6

6.1

6.4

7.2

8.4

9.3

7.1

7.6

6.1

6.3

7.2

8.5

9.2

7.7

7.2

6.0

6.2

6.4

7.3

8.5

9.1

7.8

6.9

6.2

6.3

6.4

7.2

8.4

9.0

7.7

6.9

6.2

6.0

6.2

7.1

8.4

8.9

7.6

6.7

6.0

5.9

7.0

8.5

8.9

7.4

6.5

6.0

5.6

7.0

8.8

9.0

7.2

6.5

6.1

6.0

5.4

7.1

9.5

9.0

7.2

6.4

6.2

5.8

5.4

7.1

9.9

8.8

6.9

6.2

6.1

5.8

5.5

7.5

10.0

8.9

6.7

6.0

5.9

5.5

7.8

10.0

8.8

6.5

6.0

5.7

8.0

9.9

8.6

6.4

5.9

5.7

6.0

5.8

8.1

9.9

8.3

6.3

6.0

5.6

5.9

6.0

8.3

9.9

8.2

6.3

5.8

5.5

6.0

6.2

8.4

10.0

8.2

6.5

5.6

5.4

6.0

7.1

8.3

10.0

8.0

6.4

5.6

5.3

5.9

7.6

8.3

9.8

—

6.0

—

5.4

5.9

—

8.3

—

Mean

9.3

7.0

6.3

5.8

6.0

6.2

7.4

8.8

Maximum

10.3

7.8

7.6

6.2

6.7

7.6

8.4

10.0

Minimum

8.0

6.0

5.6

5.3

4.9

5.4

6.8

7.9

64 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016

References Cited Delaware River Basin Commission [DRBC], 2016a, [Drought resolution] no. 2016–7: DRBC website, accessed May 1, 2023, at https://www.nj.gov/drbc/library/documents/ Res2016-07_DRBCspecial-permit.pdf.

U.S. Geological Survey [USGS], 2019a, USGS 01417000 East Branch Delaware River at Downsville NY: USGS National Water Information System database, accessed January 23, 2019, at https://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/dv? cb_00060=on&format=html&site_no=01417000&referred_ module=sw&period=&begin_date=2015-12-01&end_date= 2016-11-30.

Delaware River Basin Commission [DRBC], 2016b, DRBC approves drought management special permit—Basin placed in "Drought Watch" stage effective immediately: DRBC news release, November 23, 2016, accessed May 2, 2019, at https://www.nj.gov/drbc/home/newsroom/ news/approved/20161123_newsrel_drought-mgt-special- permit.html.

U.S. Geological Survey [USGS], 2019b, USGS 01425000 West Branch Delaware River at Stilesville NY: USGS National Water Information System database, accessed January 23, 2019, at https://nwis.waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/dv? cb_00060=on&format=html&site_no=01425000&referred_ module=sw&period=&begin_date=2015-12-01&end_date= 2016-11-30.

Delaware River Basin Commission [DRBC], 2022, Delaware Estuary Water Quality Monitoring Program: DRBC web page, accessed July 5, 2022, at https://www.nj.gov/drbc/programs/quality/boat-run.html.

U.S. Geological Survey [USGS], 2019c, USGS 01436000 Neversink River at Neversink NY: USGS National Water Information System database, accessed January 23, 2019, at https://nwis.waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/dv?cb_00060= on&format=html&site_no=01436000&referred_module= sw&period=&begin_date=2015-12-01&end_date= 2016-11-30.

DiFrenna, V.J., Andrews, W.J., Russell, K.L., Norris, J.M., and Mason, R.R., Jr., 2020, Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the period December 1, 2010– November 30, 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2020–1020, 127 p., accessed April 15, 2021, at https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20201020. Kauffman, G., Belden, A., and Homsey, A., 2009, Technical summary—State of the Delaware Basin report—A report on the health of the 13,539-square-mile Delaware River Basin in Delaware, New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania: West Trenton, N.J., and Wilmington, Del., Delaware River Basin Commission and Partnership for the Delaware Estuary, prepared by University of Delaware, 195 p., accessed March 11, 2019, at https://www.wrc.udel.edu/ wp-content/uploads/2020/10/State-of-the-Delaware-Basin- Report-2008.pdf. Russell, K.L., Ockerman, D., Krejmas, B.E., Paulachok, G.N., and Mason, R.R., Jr., 2019, Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the period December 1, 2009–November 30, 2010: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2019–1093, 128 p. [Also available at https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20191093.] Russell, K.L., Andrews, W.J., DiFrenna, V.J., Norris, J.M., and Jr. Mason, R.R., 2024, Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the period December 1, 2014–November 30, 2015: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2023–1010, 96 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20241010. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [EPA], 2016, Indicators—Conductivity: EPA web page, accessed August 7, 2018, at https://www.epa.gov/national-aquatic- resource-surveys/indicators-conductivity.

U.S. Geological Survey [USGS], 2019d, USGS 01438500 Delaware River at Montague NJ: USGS National Water Information System database, accessed January 23, 2019, at https://nwis.waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/dv?cb_00060= on&format=html&site_no=01438500&referred_ %20module=sw&period=&begin_%20date=2015-12- 01&end_date=2016-11-30. U.S. Geological Survey [USGS], 2019e, USGS 01460440 Delaware and Raritan Canal at Port Mercer NJ: USGS National Water Information System database, accessed January 23, 2019, at https://nwis.waterdata .usgs.gov/nwis/dv?cb_00060=on&format=html&site_no= 01460440&referred_%20module=sw&period=&begin_ %20date=2015-12-01&end_%20date=2016-11-30. U.S. Geological Survey [USGS], 2019f, USGS 01463500 Delaware River at Trenton NJ: USGS National Water Information System database, accessed January 23, 2019, at https://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/dv?referred_ module=sw&cb_00060=on&format=html&site_no= 01463500&referred_%20module=sw&period=&begin_ %20date=2015-12-01&end_%20date=2016-11-30. U.S. Geological Survey [USGS], 2020a, Dissolved oxygen and water: USGS web page, accessed April 10, 2020, at https://www.usgs.gov/special-topic/water-science-school/ science/dissolved-oxygen-and-water?qt-science_center_ objects=0. U.S. Geological Survey [USGS], 2020b, pH and water: USGS web page, accessed April 10, 2020, at https://www.usgs.gov/ special-topic/water-science-school/science/ph-and-water? qt-science_center_objects=0.

References Cited 65 U.S. Geological Survey [USGS], 2020c, Temperature and water: USGS web page, accessed April 10, 2020, at https://www.usgs.gov/special-topics/water-science- school/science/temperature-and-water?qt_science_center_ objects=0. U.S. Geological Survey [USGS], 2020d, USGS 01467200 Delaware River at Penn’s Landing, Philadelphia, PA: USGS National Water Information System database, accessed April 10, 2020, at https://waterdata.usgs.gov/ nwis/dv?cb_00010=on&cb_00010=on&cb_00010=on&cb_ 00010=on&cb_00010=on&cb_00300=on&cb_00300= on&cb_00400=on&cb_00400=on&format=html&site_ no=01467200&legacy=&referred_module=sw&period= &begin_date=2016-04-01&end_date=2016-11-30. U.S. Geological Survey [USGS], 2020e, USGS 01467200 Delaware River at Penn’s Landing, Philadelphia, PA: USGS National Water Information System database, accessed March 16, 2023, at https://waterdata.usgs.gov/monitoring- location/01467200/#parameterCode=00300&timeSeriesId= 121396&startDT=2015-12-01&endDT=2016-11-30.

U.S. Geological Survey [USGS], 2020f, USGS 01477050 Delaware River at Chester PA: USGS National Water Information System database, accessed April 10, 2020, at https://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/dv?cb_00300=on&cb_ 00400=on&format=html&site_no=01477050&legacy= &referred_module=sw&period=&begin_date=2015-12- 01&end_date=2016-11-30. U.S. Geological Survey [USGS], 2020g, USGS 01477050 Delaware River at Chester PA: USGS National Water Information System database, accessed March 16, 2023, at https://waterdata.usgs.gov/monitoring-location/ 01477050/#parameterCode=00300&startDT=2015-12- 01&endDT=2016-11-30. U.S. Geological Survey [USGS], 2020h, USGS 01482800 Delaware River at Reedy Island Jetty, DE: USGS National Water Information System database, accessed April 10, 2020, at https://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/dv? cb_00095=on&cb_00400=on&format=html&site_no= 01482800&legacy=&referred_module=sw&period= &begin_date=2015-12-01&end_date=2016-11-30.

66 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016

Glossary The following definitions apply to various terms and procedures used in the operations documented in this report. Balancing adjustment An operating procedure used by the Office of the Delaware River Master to correct for inaccuracies inherent to the design of releases from the New York City reservoirs to meet the Montague flow objective at Montague, New Jersey. The balancing adjustment calls for more water to be released when previous directed releases (or a lack of releases) were insufficient to meet the Montague flow objective. The procedure calls for less water to be released when previous directed releases were higher than required to meet the Montague flow objective. Based on provisional data, the balancing adjustment is computed as 10 percent of the difference between the cumulative adjusted directed release and the cumulative directed release required for exact forecasting. The balancing adjustment is applied to the following day’s release design. The maximum daily balancing adjustment is intentionally limited to preclude unacceptably large variations in the adjusted flow objective. Capacity Total useable volume in a reservoir between the point of maximum depletion and the elevation of the lower crest of the spillway. Conservation releases Controlled releases from the Pepacton, Cannonsville, and Neversink Reservoirs in New York designed to maintain specified minimum flows in stream channels immediately below the reservoirs (tailwaters). The following conservation release rate zones are defined in the June 1, 2016, Flexible Flow Management Plan:

• L1—Spill mitigation when New York City combined reservoir storage is in the spill mitigation (L1) storage zone. • L2—Conservation releases when New York City combined reservoir storage is in the normal (L2) storage zone. • L3—Conservation releases when New York City combined reservoir storage is in the drought watch (L3) storage zone. • L4—Conservation releases when New York City combined reservoir storage is in the drought warning (L4) storage zone. • L5—Conservation releases when New York City combined reservoir storage is in the drought (L5) storage zone (also referred to as “Drought Emergency”). Directed releases Controlled releases from New York City reservoirs in the upper Delaware River Basin, designed by the Office of the Delaware River Master to meet the Montague flow objective. Discharge mitigation release These are releases designed to help mitigate the effects of spilling immediately below the Delaware River Basin reservoirs. The 2016 Flexible Flow Management Program details the releases in section 7 (appendix 1). Diversions The out-of-basin transfer of water by New York City from the Pepacton, Cannonsville, and Neversink Reservoirs of New York State in the upper Delaware River Basin through the East Delaware, West Delaware, and Neversink Tunnels, respectively, to New York City’s water supply system. Also, the out-of-basin water transfer by New Jersey from the Delaware River through the Delaware and Raritan Canals.

Glossary 67 Excess quantity As defined by the Decree, the excess quantity of water is “equal to 83 per cent [sic] of the amount by which the estimated consumption during such year is less than the City’s estimate of the continuous safe yield during such year of all its sources obtainable without pumping.” The excess quantity shall not exceed 70 billion gallons, and the seasonal period for release of the excess quantity begins on June 15 and concludes on the following March 15. Flexible Flow Management Program (FFMP) A set of rules for the management of storage, diversions, releases, and flow targets relating to the apportioning of water from the Delaware River Basin under the 1954 Decree of the Supreme Court of the United States and unanimously agreed to by the Decree Parties (Delaware, New Jersey, New York, New York City, and Pennsylvania). Index gaging stations Specific sites on tributaries of the upper Delaware River where systematic observations of gage height and discharge are made. These sites are used mainly during the directed-releases season to help estimate surface-water inflows to the upper Delaware River. Interim Excess Release Quantity An Interim Excess Release Quantity (IERQ) was defined in the 2016 Flexible Flow Management Program. The IERQ is computed as 83 percent of the difference between the highest year’s consumption of the New York City water supply system from 2002 to 2006 (1,257 million gallons per day [Mgal/d]) and New York City’s current estimate of continuous safe yield of the New York City water supply system of 1,290 Mgal/d, obtainable without pumping. During the 2016 report year, the IERQ available for release was 15,468 cubic feet per second accumulated daily ([ft3/s]-d). 6,045 (ft3/s)-d of the IERQ is incorporated into the releases tables to enhance base releases from the New York City Delaware River Basin reservoirs. The IERQ balance of 6.09 billion gallons (9,423 [ft3/s]-d) is reserved and may be used for additional releases to meet the Trenton flow objective or to establish an Extraordinary Needs Bank.

Interim Excess Release Quantity (IERQ) Extraordinary Needs Bank From the 2016 Flexible Flow Management Program (appendix 1): “In addition to the hydrologic criteria described in Section 2.5.6.A. [sic] of the Water Code and subject to other provisional uses of the IERQ as provided herein, the Decree Parties [Delaware, New Jersey, New York State, New York City, and Pennsylvania], the DRBC and the River Master may at any time review extraordinary water needs to support such research, aquatic-life, or other water-use activity as may be approved by the DRBC. Upon unanimous agreement, the Decree Parties may bank all or a portion of the IERQ remaining at such time, and such portion shall be placed in an IERQ Extraordinary Needs Bank and used to provide for such extraordinary water needs. Such quantity as may be so banked shall be deducted from the IERQ. Any unused Extraordinary Needs Bank water shall be returned to IERQ.” Key gaging stations Specific sites on the East Branch Delaware River, West Branch Delaware River, Neversink River, Delaware and Raritan Canal, and mainstem Delaware River where continuous, systematic gage height and discharge observations are made. These sites are used year-round in Office of the Delaware River Master operations. Maximum reservoir depletion The minimum water-surface level or elevation below which a reservoir ceases to continue making deliveries of quantities of water for all purposes for which the reservoir was designed. This value is also referred to as the minimum full-operating level.

68 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016 Montague Flow Objective In section 3a of the June 1, 2016, Flexible Flow Management Program (appendix 1), “Except with respect to limitations provided herein in Section 5, releases from the City Delaware Basin Reservoirs shall be in quantities designed to maintain, during Normal storage conditions, a minimum basic rate of flow at the gaging station of the U.S. Geological Survey at Montague, N. J. of 1,750 cubic feet per second (cfs), as directed by the River Master in accordance with Section VII. [sic] of the Decree. During Basinwide Drought Watch, Drought Warning, and Drought Emergency, in accordance with Section 5 of this Agreement and Section 2.5.3.B. [sic] and Tables 1 and 2 of the Delaware River Basin Water Code (Water Code), the Montague flow objective shall vary based upon the time of year and location of the salt front, and minimum compensating releases shall be made by the City of New York from its reservoirs in the upper Delaware Basin.” Rate of flow Mean discharge for a specified 24-hour period, measured in cubic feet per second (ft3/s) or million gallons per day (Mgal/d). Rate of flow at Montague Daily mean discharge of the Delaware River at Montague, New Jersey, computed on a calendar-day basis. In the June 1, 2016, FFMP document (appendix 1 of this report), redirection of the Interim Excess Release Quantity used to support the seasonal flow increment was intended to increase the Montague flow objective from 1,750 to 1,850 cubic feet per second between June 15 and September 15. The objective is a benchmark used to control upstream releases and withdrawals of water in the Delaware River Basin. Reservoir-controlled releases Controlled releases from the reservoirs passed through outlet valves in the dams or through turbines in powerplants. These releases do not include spillway overflow at the reservoirs.

Salt front The salt front is the 250 parts per million isochlor, or line of equal chloride concentration, in the Delaware River estuary. One part per million is one part of solute (in this case, chloride) per one million parts of solvent (river water). The 7-day average location of the salt front is used as an indicator of salinity intrusion in the Delaware River estuary and a factor affecting the Montague and Trenton flow objectives during drought emergencies. Storage or contents Usable volume of water in a reservoir. Unless otherwise indicated, volume is computed on the basis of the level of pool above the point of maximum depletion. Time of day Time of day is expressed in 24-hour Eastern Standard Time, which, during the report year, included a 23-hour day on March 11 and a 25-hour day on November 4. Trenton Flow Objective In section 3b of the June 1, 2016, Flexible Flow Management Program (appendix 1), “Section 2.5.3 of the Water Code establishes a set of equivalent flow objectives at Trenton, N.J. to control salinity intrusion in the Delaware Estuary. During Basinwide Drought Watch, Drought Warning, and Drought Emergency, in accordance with Section 5 of this Agreement and Section 2.5.3.B. [sic] and Tables 1 and 2 of the Water Code, the Trenton Equivalent Flow Objective shall vary based upon the time of year and location of the salt front, and minimum compensating releases shall be made by the City of New York from its reservoirs in the upper Delaware Basin.” The Delaware River Basin Water Code can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations (18 CFR part 410). Uncontrolled runoff at Montague Runoff from the 3,480-square-mile drainage area above Montague, New Jersey, excluding the drainage area above the Pepacton, Cannonsville, and Neversink Reservoirs; Lake Wallenpaupack; and Rio Reservoir, but including spillway overflow at these dams.

Appendix 1 69

Appendix 1. Agreement of the Parties to the 1954 Decree of the Supreme Court of the United States, Effective June 1, 2016 An agreement affecting the Amended Decree of the U.S. Supreme Court in New Jersey v. New York, 347 U.S. 995 (1954), for managing diversions and releases under the Decree, was consented to by all of the Decree Parties: the State of Delaware, the State of New Jersey, the State of New York, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, and the City of New York. The agreement is a 1-year successor to the Flexible Flow Management Program that ended on May 31, 2016. A copy of the agreement, which is in effect through May 31, 2017, is included as appendix 1 here; the original page numbers were removed to avoid confusion. The agreement is also available through the U.S. Geological Survey website (https://webapps.usgs.gov/odrm/documents/ffmp/ 2016_FFMP_Agreement_Signed.pdf) (fig 1.1).

70 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016

Agreement of the Parties to the 1954 U.S. Supreme Court Decree Effective June 1, 2016 1.

FLEXIBLE FLOW MANAGEMENT PROGRAM a.

Program History

Current Program

Criteria for Flexible Flow Management Program Modification

DIVERSIONS a.

New York City

New Jersey

FLOW OBJECTIVES a.

Montague Flow Objective

Trenton Equivalent Flow Objective

RELEASES a.

Conservation Releases from the City Delaware Basin Reservoirs

Excess Release Quantity

Interim Excess Release Quantity

Interim Excess Release Quantity Extraordinary Needs Bank

DROUGHT MANAGEMENT a.

Drought Watch

Drought Warning

Drought Emergency

New Jersey Diversion Offset Bank

Entry and Exit Criteria

Balancing Adjustment

HABITAT PROTECTION PROGRAM a.

Applicability and Management Objectives

Controlled Releases for Habitat Protection Program

DISCHARGE MITIGATION PROGRAM

SALINITY REPULSION

DWARF WEDGEMUSSELS

Appendix 1 71

10.

LAKE WALLENPAUPACK

11.

RECREATIONAL BOATING

12.

ESTUARY AND BAY ECOLOGICAL HEALTH

13.

WARM WATER AND MIGRATORY FISH

14.

MONITORING AND REPORTING a.

Temperature

IERQ

15.

REASSESSMENT STUDY

16.

PERIODIC EVALUATION AND REVISION

17.

TEMPORARY SUSPENSION OR MODIFICATION

18.

RESERVATIONS

19.

EFFECTIVE DATE

20.

RENEWAL AND REVISION

21.

REVERSION

72 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016

An Agreement, consented to by the Parties (the State of Delaware (Del.), the State of New Jersey (N.J.), the State of New York (N.Y.), the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (Pa.), and the City of New York (NYC or City); hereafter Decree Parties) to the Amended Decree of the U.S. Supreme Court in New Jersey v. New York, 347 U.S. 995 (1954), (hereafter Decree) that succeeds for a one-year period the Flexible Flow Management Program (FFMP) that terminated on May 31, 2016, for managing diversions and releases under the Decree. The Decree Parties hereby agree to support all provisions of this Agreement. 1.

FLEXIBLE FLOW MANAGEMENT PROGRAM a.

Program History

On September 26, 2007, the Decree Parties unanimously agreed to implement a Flexible Flow Management Program (FFMP) for operation of the three New York City reservoirs in the Delaware River Basin. The FFMP was designed to provide a more natural flow regime and a more adaptive means than the previous operating regime for managing releases and diversions from New York City’s Pepacton, Cannonsville, and Neversink Reservoirs (City Delaware Basin Reservoirs). The FFMP addresses competing needs and uses including safe and reliable water supplies to serve the needs of more than 17 million people; drought management; flood mitigation; protection of the cold water fishery; a diverse array of habitat needs in the mainstem river, estuary, and bay; and salinity repulsion. The Decree, which resolved an interstate dispute related to these reservoirs, made no provision for spill mitigation, conservation, and ecological releases. The Initial Implementation Cycle of the FFMP was from October 1, 2007 to May 31, 2011. The conceptual framework of the FFMP eliminated the reservoir storage “banks” previously relied upon for habitat protection purposes and instead based releases on reservoir storage levels, resulting in larger releases when water is abundant and smaller releases when storage is at or below Normal levels. The discharge mitigation component of the FFMP was intended to reduce the likelihood that the three reservoirs could be full and spilling coincident with a major storm or thaw. The FFMP was designed to provide an adaptive framework which allows increased flexibility for program modifications and adjustments compared to the previous operating regime. This framework provides a tool to inform program-management decisions as new scientific and technical information is accumulated. During the Initial Implementation Cycle, notable revisions to the FFMP included the following: Temporary Modifications – Such modifications have been made in support of increased reservoir releases for maintenance, inspection, and repair of the Delaware Aqueduct and appurtenant infrastructure; increased releases for supplemental flood mitigation; emergency thermal releases for protection of the cold water fishery; and enhanced summer releases through the use of Interim Excess Release Quantity (IERQ) Extraordinary Needs Banks.

Appendix 1 73

Permanent Changes – Such changes have been made to the FFMP agreement to allow for increased reservoir releases for habitat protection needs in late May and early September; to clarify the meaning of “temporary” releases schedules during periods of maintenance and repair of City Delaware Basin Reservoirs and appurtenant infrastructure; to address the issue of storage zone bouncing; and to allow the use of up to 100 percent of the water equivalent of snow pack for the calculation of combined storage to determine reservoir releases rates. b.

Current Program

The original FFMP, effective October 1, 2007 and its subsequent modifications on December 10, 2008 and February 14, 2011, expired on May 31, 2011. Collectively, these programs are referred to herein as the Initial Implementation Cycle FFMP. The subsequent FFMP Agreement, effective June 1, 2011 and expired on May 31, 2012, was a one-year program unanimously approved by the Decree Parties and built upon the framework of the previous FFMP agreements. The FFMP Agreement effective June 1, 2012 and expiring on May 31, 2013 was a one-year extension of the June 1, 2011 Agreement and was unanimously approved by the Decree Parties. The 2013 FFMP, 2014 FFMP and 2015 FFMP were also extensions of the June 1, 2011 Agreement. The current FFMP is also an extension of the June 1, 2011 Agreement and incorporates the edits from the previous four extensions of the 2011 Agreement with no additional program modifications other than dates. This Agreement, the 2016 FFMP, shall be effective from June 1, 2016 to May 31, 2017. Although several limited studies and evaluations have been conducted to assess the effectiveness of selected elements of the Initial Implementation Cycle FFMP and suggest opportunities for its improvement, some of which were incorporated in the previous extensions of the Agreement, additional analyses and studies are needed prior to the Decree Parties reaching a longer term agreement for managing diversions and releases under the Decree. The current FFMP is informed by impact assessments of previous FFMP Agreements, information and experience accumulated during the previous programs, and input from various stakeholder groups and the public. The current FFMP differs from the Initial Implementation Cycle FFMP mainly in the following key elements: Use of additional tables (i.e., schedules) of reservoir releases rates for the City Delaware Basin Reservoirs, developed on the basis of Forecast-based Available Water (FAW) not needed contemporaneously for New York City’s water supply; Use of new releases tables that replace releases tables utilized in the Initial Implementation Cycle FFMP; Use of new rule curves that replace rule curves utilized in the Initial Implementation Cycle FFMP; Use of New York City’s Operations Support Tool (OST) to guide selection of appropriate releases tables;

74 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016

Releases rates based, in part, upon recommendations provided jointly by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation and the Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission Joint Fisheries Paper (January 12, 2010); Drought condition releases rates (L3-L5) that are consistent among the releases tables; Modifications to New Jersey’s diversion during drought conditions and the establishment of a Diversion Offset Bank for New Jersey; Incorporation of the seasonal releases design of the FFMP Temporary Summer 2010 fisheries program; Redirection of the IERQ used to support the seasonal flow increment, which was intended to increase the Montague flow objective from 1,750 cfs to 1,850 cfs between June 15 and September 15; Use of 3.91 billion gallons (6,045 cfs-days) of IERQ to increase the base releases rates in the tables; Reattachment of the Montague flow objective with the location of the Delaware Estuary salt front (salinity vernier); Modified spill mitigation program that endeavors to maintain reservoir levels at the Conditional Seasonal Storage Objective (CSSO), creating a high probability of maintaining ten (10) percent void spaces from September 1, 2016 through March 15, 2017; and Postponement of a water-resources reassessment study until more information is available. The additional releases tables and use of OST will facilitate the redirection of spilled water to managed water to benefit downstream interests when water in the City Delaware Basin Reservoirs is forecasted to be available for purposes other than New York City’s water supply. The June 1, 2012 FFMP Agreement differed from the 2011 FFMP Agreement in the following elements: Section, 1.b., Current Program, was updated to reflect the June 1, 2012 FFMP one-year extension; The dates were revised to correspond to the effective term of the June 1, 2012 FFMP Agreement; Additional units of measurement for water volume were provided; and The State of Delaware had one party signing the current FFMP Agreement, as opposed to two. The June 1, 2013 FFMP Agreement was an extension of the June 1, 2011 Agreement and incorporated the changes from the 2012 FFMP Agreement.

Appendix 1 75

The June 1, 2014 FFMP Agreement was an extension of the June 1, 2011 Agreement and incorporated the changes of the 2012, and 2013 Agreements. The term Conditional Storage Objective (CSO) was changed to Conditional Seasonal Storage Objective (CSSO) in the 2014 Agreement. The June 1, 2015 FFMP Agreement is an extension of the June 1, 2011 Agreement and incorporates the changes of the 2012, 2013 and 2014 Agreements. The June 1, 2016 FFMP Agreement is an extension of the June 1, 2011 Agreement and incorporates the changes of the 2012, 2013, 2014, and 2015 Agreements. c.

Criteria for Flexible Flow Management Program Modification

In reviewing proposed modifications to address the purposes of the FFMP, as provided in Sections 16 and 17 herein, the Decree Parties will consider criteria that may include, without any particular priority, and not limited to, the following: i.

Decree Party equity

ii.

Net benefits and costs to environmental and economic resources

iii.

Source and sustainability of water available to support modification and the environmental or economic resource(s)

iv.

Habitat types—with naturally-occurring habitats receiving consideration over man-made habitats

Scientific basis for modification

vi.

Impacts to drought management, water supply and flood mitigation, including but not limited to: 1) frequency, duration and seasonal timing of the various levels of drought; and 2) frequency, duration, levels of storage, diversions, releases and flows

vii.

Extent to which the diversions and the Montague minimum basic rate of flow provided in the Decree are met

viii.

Potential impacts to water quality, existing National and State Pollution Discharge Elimination System permits and the assimilative capacity of the Delaware River

ix.

Ease and practicability of operation

Consistency with adaptive management principles

xi.

Applicability and implementation of water conservation practices

xii.

Impacts to salinity

The Decree Parties agree to evaluate these parameters as well as potential additional parameters, when considering modifications to this program.

76 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016

DIVERSIONS a.

New York City

In accordance with Section III.A. of the Decree, and subject to the limitations provided herein, at no time during the twelve-month period, commencing June 1, 2016 shall the aggregate total quantity of water diverted by the City, divided by the number of days elapsed since May 31, 2016 exceed 800 million gallons per day (mgd). The City shall be subject to the conditions and obligations in connection with the diversions, and releases to maintain the Montague flow objective, set forth in Section III.B. of the Decree. For this Agreement, the City shall make releases from its Delaware Basin Reservoirs in accordance with the releases schedules incorporated herein. b.

New Jersey

In accordance with Section V. of the Decree, except with respect to limitations provided herein in Section 5, the State of New Jersey may divert outside the Delaware River watershed, from the Delaware River or its tributaries in New Jersey, without compensating releases, the equivalent of 100 mgd under the supervision of the Delaware River Master (River Master) established by the Decree and shall be subject to the following conditions and obligations: i.

Until the State of New Jersey builds and utilizes one or more reservoirs to store waters of the Delaware River or its tributaries for the purpose of diverting the same to another watershed, or purchases or leases reallocated water or new storage from an existing or new storage facility, the State of New Jersey may divert not to exceed 100 mgd as a monthly average, with the diversion on any day not to exceed 120 million gallons.

ii.

If and when the State of New Jersey has built and is utilizing one or more reservoirs to store waters of the Delaware River or its tributaries for the purpose of diversion to another watershed, it may withdraw water from the Delaware River or its tributaries into such impounding reservoirs without limitation except during the months of July, August, September and October of any year, when not more than 100 mgd as a monthly average and not more than 120 million gallons in any day shall be withdrawn. This restriction may be modified upon unanimous consent of the Decree Parties should the State of New Jersey purchase or lease reallocated water or new storage from an existing or new facility.

iii.

Regardless of whether the State of New Jersey builds and utilizes storage reservoirs for diversion, its total diversion for use outside of the Delaware River watershed without compensating releases shall not exceed an average of 100 mgd during any calendar year.

Appendix 1 77

FLOW OBJECTIVES a.

Montague Flow Objective

Except with respect to limitations provided herein in Section 5, releases from the City Delaware Basin Reservoirs shall be in quantities designed to maintain, during Normal storage conditions, a minimum basic rate of flow at the gaging station of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) at Montague, N. J. of 1,750 cubic feet per second (cfs), as directed by the River Master in accordance with Section VII. of the Decree. During Basinwide Drought Watch, Drought Warning, and Drought Emergency, in accordance with Section 5 of this Agreement and Section 2.5.3.B. and Tables 1 and 2 of the Delaware River Basin Water Code (Water Code), the Montague flow objective shall vary based upon the time of year and location of the salt front, and minimum compensating releases shall be made by the City of New York from its reservoirs in the upper Delaware Basin. The Decree Parties, with the guidance of the Operations Support Tool described herein in Section 6, shall seek to maximize the frequency of the minimum basic rate of 1,750 cfs flows at the USGS gaging station at Montague, N.J. without adversely impacting basin water supplies and other objectives of the FFMP. b.

Trenton Equivalent Flow Objective

Section 2.5.3 of the Water Code establishes a set of equivalent flow objectives at Trenton, N.J. to control salinity intrusion in the Delaware Estuary. One means for salinity management is through releases from Beltzville and Blue Marsh Reservoirs. Blue Marsh Reservoir is located on the Schuylkill River and is downstream of the USGS gaging station at Trenton, N. J. Releases from Blue Marsh Reservoir, as well as bypass flows from Yardley and the Point Pleasant Pumping station, are considered to be as effective at repelling salinity as water entering the estuary from the main stem Delaware River at Trenton. The Trenton Equivalent Flow is computed as the sum of flows at the USGS Trenton gaging station, releases in excess of conservation releases from Blue Marsh Reservoir, and 70 cfs to account for bypass flows via Yardley and the Point Pleasant Pumping Station. This value is compared to the Trenton Equivalent Flow Objective to determine if the flow objective was satisfied. During Basinwide Drought Watch, Drought Warning, and Drought Emergency, in accordance with Section 5 of this Agreement and Section 2.5.3.B. and Tables 1 and 2 of the Water Code, the Trenton Equivalent Flow Objective shall vary based upon the time of year and location of the salt front, and minimum compensating releases shall be made by the City of New York from its reservoirs in the upper Delaware Basin.

78 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016

RELEASES a.

Conservation Releases from the City Delaware Basin Reservoirs

Conservation releases designed for protection of the ecology in the stream reaches below the City Delaware Basin Reservoirs, including water quality, fisheries, and aquatic habitat needs, shall be made at the rates described in the Habitat Protection Program in Section 6 below. b.

Excess Release Quantity

For the period of the current program, the Decree Parties agree to use the Excess Release Quantity, as defined in the Decree, in support of an Interim Excess Release Quantity (IERQ) as defined in Paragraph c. below. c.

Interim Excess Release Quantity

For the period of the current program, an IERQ equivalent to 10.0 billion gallons (15,468 cfs-days) shall be provided as computed in the Initial Implementation Cycle of the FFMP based upon 83 percent of the difference between 1,257 mgd, the highest year’s consumption of the NYC water supply system between 2002 and 2006 inclusive and NYC’s estimate of continuous safe yield of the NYC water supply system at that time, of 1,290 mgd obtainable without pumping. For the current program, 3.91 billion gallons (6,045 cfs-days) of the IERQ is incorporated in the releases tables to enhance base releases from the City Delaware Basin Reservoirs. The IERQ balance of 6.09 billion gallons (9,423 cfs-days) is reserved and may be used for additional releases to meet the Trenton Equivalent Flow Objective or to establish an Extraordinary Needs Bank as provided for in Section d., below. Upon request by the Lower Basin States or DRBC, NYC shall release from the IERQ, water in sufficient quantities to maintain a flow at Trenton of 3,000 cfs during basinwide Normal conditions for the period commencing on June 15, 2016 and continuing through March 15, 2017 (seasonal period). The IERQ required to be released in any seasonal period shall not exceed 70 billion gallons. In releasing the IERQ, NYC shall not be required to release at rates exceeding the capacity of its release works. NYC shall make releases from the IERQ as provided above until May 31, 2017 or until the aggregate quantity of the IERQ is exhausted, whichever occurs first. d.

Interim Excess Release Quantity Extraordinary Needs Bank

In addition to the hydrologic criteria described in Section 2.5.6.A. of the Water Code and subject to other provisional uses of the IERQ as provided herein, the Decree Parties, the DRBC and the River Master may at any time review extraordinary water needs to support such research, aquatic-life, or other water-use activity as may be approved by the DRBC. Upon unanimous agreement, the Decree Parties may bank all or a portion of the IERQ remaining at such time, and such portion shall be placed in an IERQ Extraordinary Needs Bank and used to provide for such extraordinary water needs. Such quantity as may be

Appendix 1 79

so banked shall be deducted from the IERQ. Any unused Extraordinary Needs Bank water shall be returned to IERQ.

DROUGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 1 defines six zones of combined reservoir usable storage relative to the three drought management rule curves (Drought Watch, Drought Warning, and Drought Emergency creating Zones L3, L4, and L5, respectively) and two additional curves that subdivide the Normal storage zone into three zones (L1, L2-a, and L2-b). The three drought management rule curves are described below. The two Normal conditions rule curves are described in Section 6. During the effective period of this Agreement, the following drought stage definitions and procedures will be in effect: a.

Drought Watch (L3)

The seasonally segmented line (shown as dashes) dividing the current Drought Warning in Figure 1 of DRBC Resolution No. 83-13 and DRBC Docket No. D-77-20 CP (Revised) is raised by four (4) billion gallons during the entire year. In addition, the upper half of the Drought Warning zone, previously referred to as DW1, is hereby designated Drought Watch, with diversions and flow objectives as shown in Table 1. b.

Drought Warning (L4)

The lower half of the Drought Warning zone (DW2), based upon the rule curves included in DRBC Resolution No. 83-13 and as modified by Paragraph a. above, is hereby designated Drought Warning, with diversions and flow objectives as shown in Table 1. c.

Drought Emergency (L5)

The operation level formerly named Drought in accordance with the rule curves included in DRBC Resolution No. 83-13 and Docket D-77-20 (Revised) is hereby designated Drought Emergency. During Drought Emergency, diversions shall be limited as shown in Table 1. The Montague and Trenton Equivalent Flow Objectives are shown in Tables 1 and 2. New York City’s diversions from the Delaware River Basin shall be in accordance with Table 1 (Interstate Operation Formula for Diversions and Flow Objectives). Minimum releases from the New York City Delaware Basin Reservoirs shall be in accordance with Table 3 (Schedule of Releases during Drought Operations). New Jersey’s maximum average monthly diversion from the Delaware River Basin via the Delaware and Raritan Canal shall be in accordance with Table 1, and shall not exceed 100 mgd, except when the Basin is in Drought Emergency, when said diversion shall not exceed a daily running average of 85 mgd commencing on the day such Drought

80 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016

Emergency becomes effective. Under all City Delaware Basin Reservoir combined storage conditions, New Jersey’s diversion on any day shall not exceed 120 million gallons. d. New Jersey Diversion Offset Bank There is hereby established a Diversion Offset Bank, not to exceed 1.84 billion gallons (2,850 cfs-days) of water in the City Delaware Basin Reservoirs, for the purpose of offsetting the increased diversions by New Jersey as provided in Table 1 of this Agreement, during basinwide Drought Watch, Drought Warning, and Drought Emergency conditions. The additional increases are in increments, not to be exceeded on any day, as follows: 0 mgd during Normal conditions; up to 15 mgd during Drought Watch; up to 30 mgd during Drought Warning; and up to 20 mgd during Drought Emergency. The differences in New Jersey’s diversion, computed on the basis of Table 1 of the Good Faith Agreement, and the corresponding rates in Table 1 of this Agreement, establish the additional increments for New Jersey’s diversion as incorporated herein. This Diversion Offset Bank shall be created by selective reduced levels of releases in the L2 storage zones from Cannonsville Reservoir, during the periods June 1 to August 31, 2016 and May 21 to May 31, 2017 as provided in Tables 4g (L2-a and L2-b) and 4f (L2a). Water saved by these reductions shall be accumulated in the Diversion Offset Bank and shall be available to offset New Jersey’s incremental increases in diversions through the Delaware and Raritan Canal during drought periods. If the accumulated incremental increased diversions by New Jersey, at any time, exceed the available water in the Diversion Offset Bank, the Lower Basin Reservoirs in Pennsylvania will provide the additional water to offset New Jersey’s increased diversions. At no time shall New Jersey’s accumulated incremental increased diversions exceed 1.84 billion gallons (2,850 cfs-days). Any portion of the ERQ/IERQ or uncompensated storage in the downbasin reservoirs in Pennsylvania or in the New York City Delaware Basin Reservoirs which may be used to offset the increased New Jersey drought diversions provided herein is for the term of this agreement only and shall not be cited as precedent of any intention to provide such in future agreements. Releases from the Diversion Offset Bank shall be at the direction of New Jersey in consultation with DRBC, and will be implemented by the River Master. Releases from the Lower Basin Reservoirs for New Jersey’s diversion, if necessary, shall be at the direction of DRBC, in consultation with and at the request of New Jersey. Releases from the Diversion Offset Bank or the Lower Basin Reservoirs to offset New Jersey’s incremental increases in diversions through the Delaware and Raritan Canal shall be in accordance with timing procedures agreed upon by DRBC, New Jersey, and the River Master. No offsetting or accounting for offsetting is required for New Jersey’s increased diversions on any day when DRBC determines that no water is required from Lower Basin Reservoirs to meet the current Trenton flow objective.

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The River Master’s office will maintain the ongoing accounting for releases made from this bank. At no time during the releases year commencing June 1, 2016 shall releases from the Diversion Offset Bank exceed the unused balance of the bank. The Diversion Offset Bank shall terminate automatically on June 1, 2017; provided that it may be terminated at an earlier date and the remaining balance added to the IERQ, by agreement of the Decree Parties. Figure 1 New York City Delaware System Usable Combined Storage (Cannonsville, Pepacton, and Neversink Reservoirs)

Table 1 Interstate Operation Formula for Diversions and Flow Objectives NYC Diversion (mgd)

NJ Diversion (mgd)

Montague Flow Objective (cfs)

Trenton Flow Objective (cfs)

Normal (L1, L2)

800

100

1,750

3,000

Drought Watch (L3)

680

100

1,650

2,700

Drought Warning (L4)

560

100

1,550

2,700

Drought Emergency (L5)

520

1,100-1,650*

2,500-2,900*

NYC Storage Condition

Severe Drought

(to be negotiated depending upon conditions)

* Varies with time of year and location of salt front, in accordance with Table 2.

_____________________________________________________________________

82 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016

Table 2 Interstate Operation Formula for Adjusting Montague and Trenton Flow Objectives during Drought Emergency (L5) Operations

7-day average location of Salt Front*, River Mile** Upstream of R.M. 92.5 Between R.M. 87.0 and R.M. 92.5 Between R.M. 82.9 and R.M. 87.0 Downstream of R.M. 82.9

Flow objective, cubic feet per second at: Montague, NJ Trenton, NJ*** Dec- MaySeptDecMaySeptApr. Aug. Nov. Apr. Aug. Nov. 1,600 1,650 1,650 2,700 2,900 2,900 1,350 1,600 1,500 2,700 2,700 2,700 1,350 1,600 1,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 1,100 1,100 1,100 2,500 2,500 2,500

* Defined as the 250 milligrams per liter isochlor in the Delaware Estuary. **Measured in statute miles along the navigation channel from the mouth of Delaware Bay. *** The Trenton Equivalent Flow Objective is achieved if the sum of flows observed at the USGS Trenton gaging station, releases in excess of conservation releases from Blue Marsh Reservoir, and 70 cfs to account for bypass flows via Yardley and the Point Pleasant Pumping Station is greater than the Trenton Flow Objective listed above. Table 3 Schedule of Releases (cfs) during Drought Operations

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Entry and Exit Criteria

Criteria for entry into and exit from the various stages of drought operations shall be in accordance with Section 2.5.3.E. of the Water Code. Normal (L2 or higher) level releases will be restored when combined storage in the City Delaware Basin Reservoirs reaches 25 billion gallons above the L3 curve in Figure 1 and remains at or above that level for 15 consecutive days. f.

Balancing Adjustment

In order to conserve water, the River Master is requested to utilize a balancing adjustment, based upon procedures agreed upon by the Decree Parties, when calculating the releases to be directed to meet the Montague flow objectives in Tables 1 and 2. Additionally, during Drought Warning, the amount of the conservation releases (L4) from the City Delaware Basin Reservoirs that is greater than the basic conservation releases rates as set forth in Table 1 of Docket D-77-20 (Revised) shall be considered as directed releases for the purpose of calculating the balancing adjustment.

HABITAT PROTECTION PROGRAM a. Applicability and Management Objectives The overall management goal of the Habitat Protection Program (HPP) is to protect the cold water fishery while maintaining aquatic community diversity, structure, and function through improved ecological flow releases. A series of four categorical protection levels for describing cold water ecosystem management objectives for waters downstream of the City Delaware Basin Reservoirs was developed by New York and Pennsylvania fishery managers and is shown on Plate 1. These protection levels apply in non-drought years and are defined as follows: Excellent:

Excellent year-round cold water aquatic habitat protection. Summer water temperatures are routinely 68ºF or less and only very rarely exceed a daily maximum of 75ºF. Excellent protection level applies to the West Branch Delaware River from Cannonsville Reservoir to the junction with the East Branch Delaware River, the East Branch Delaware River from Pepacton Reservoir to the hamlet of East Branch, N.Y., and Neversink River from Neversink Reservoir to Bridgeville, N.Y.

Good:

River section provides cold water aquatic habitat and thermal protection and maintains opportunities for a cold water fishery. Summer water temperatures will occasionally exceed a daily maximum of 75ºF for short periods and water temperatures greater than 68ºF occur more frequently than with the Excellent protection level.

84 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016

Elevated temperatures will occasionally be an issue. Good protection level applies to the Delaware River main stem from the junction of the West and East Branches to Lordville, N.Y. and the Neversink River from Bridgeville, N.Y. to the mouth of Eden Brook near Oakland Valley, N.Y. Moderate:

River sections will experience adequate flow and some thermal protection for cold water species. Seasonal opportunities for a cold water fishery will occur, but thermal benefits will diminish. Moderate protection level applies to the East Branch Delaware River from East Branch, N.Y. to the mouth of Corn Creek near Peas Eddy, N.Y., the Neversink River from the mouth of Eden Brook near Oakland Valley, N.Y. to the Sullivan/Orange County, N.Y. boundary, and the Delaware River main stem from Lordville, N.Y. to Hankins, N.Y.

Minimal:

River sections with this designation will experience adequate flow, but only limited thermal protection. The quality of the fishery will be generally seasonal and will vary from year to year. Flows should be adequate to allow trout to reach cold water refugia and to protect dwarf wedgemussel populations in the vicinity of Callicoon, N.Y. Minimal protection level applies to the East Branch Delaware River from the mouth of Corn Creek near Peas Eddy, N.Y. to the junction with the West Branch Delaware River, and the Delaware River main stem from Hankins, N.Y. to Callicoon, N.Y.

The Decree Parties recognize that the degree of protection in waters downstream of the City Delaware Basin Reservoirs will vary according to annual fluctuations in precipitation and temperature, reservoir releases rates, distance from the locations of reservoir releases, and tributary influences. Requirements for protection of the federally endangered dwarf wedgemussel are currently under study and are poorly defined.

Appendix 1 85

Plate 1 Extent and Protection Level of the Cold Water Ecosystem

86 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016

Controlled Releases for Habitat Protection Program

There is hereby established a Habitat Protection Program (HPP), which consists of conservation releases designed for the protection of the cold water fishery below the City Delaware Basin Reservoirs. The HPP is designed to make enhanced releases, above the base releases given in Table 4a, when an assessment by New York City, using its Operations Support Tool (OST), determines that additional water is available for releases and that any risk to the City’s water supply is at an acceptable level. The Base Releases table is designed for drought neutral minimum releases, i.e., no additional drought risk relative to DRBC Docket D-7720 Revised (Rev. 1), which can be maintained under Normal conditions, independent of inflow or the City’s demand. The City is using OST, a state-of-the-art forecast-driven analysis and decision support tool that will provides the City with probabilistic predictions of future system status. In addition to its principal objective of improving operational decision making in providing a reliable supply of high quality drinking water for 9 million people, OST also provides assurance that the actions taken to support downstream objectives, such as fish habitat, stream ecosystems, and better discharge mitigation, will not adversely impact water supply reliability. It allows the City to compare different sets of operating scenarios using real-time system information (e.g., reservoir levels, water quality, streamflows) and forecasts (e.g., streamflows, meteorological drivers) to evaluate the impacts on water supply reliability so that objective risk-based decisions can be made quickly and efficiently. Under this agreement the City will voluntarily make enhanced stream releases using the Forecast-based Available Water (FAW) as determined by an OST assessment and in accordance with Figures 1 and 2 and the appropriate FAW or the base releases shown in Table 4a. When the assessment indicates that no additional water is available, the City shall make releases in accordance with the currently sustainable base releases shown in Table 4a. The City is under no obligation to make enhanced releases beyond the base releases, when the risk to water supply, as determined by the City using its OST assessment, is unacceptable. Tables 4b through 4g present the releases tables under Normal conditions for pre-determined amounts of FAW. The City will make available to the Decree Parties the inputs to the OST model, the outputs from the model, and the releases table selection guidelines, including the forecasted probabilistic inflows, the status of the City Delaware Reservoirs, and the operational assumptions applicable to OST-based decisions. OST assessments shall be performed as frequently as necessary to confirm confidence in the selected FAW table but generally not less than monthly. Prior to making a releases table change, the City will provide notification, along with a general description of the rationale of such change to the Decree Parties, the River Master, and DRBC. The City shall provide the OST Summary Data, described above through the River Master’s website.

Appendix 1 87

As shown in Tables 4a through 4g, each reservoir has a schedule of seasonal releases based on the quantity of combined reservoir usable storage, and the quantity of water available for the HPP.

Figure 2 New York City Delaware System Usable Individual Storage (Cannonsville, Pepacton, and Neversink Reservoirs)

88 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016

Table 4a Schedule of Releases (cfs) during Normal Conditions Base Releases with no Forecast-based Available Water (FAW)

* Indicates storage zone not present at this time period; release is entry in cell below.

Table 4b Schedule of Releases (cfs) during Normal Conditions Releases with 10 mgd Forecast-based Available Water (FAW)

* Indicates storage zone not present at this time period; release is entry in cell below.

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Table 4c Schedule of Releases (cfs) during Normal Conditions Releases with 20 mgd Forecast-based Available Water (FAW)

* Indicates storage zone not present at this time period; release is entry in cell below.

Table 4d Schedule of Releases (cfs) during Normal Conditions Releases with 35 mgd Forecast-based Available Water (FAW)

* Indicates storage zone not present at this time period; release is entry in cell below.

90 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016

Table 4e Schedule of Releases (cfs) during Normal Conditions Releases with 50 mgd Forecast-based Available Water (FAW)

* Indicates storage zone not present at this time period; release is entry in cell below.

Table 4f Schedule of Releases (cfs) during Normal Conditions Releases with 75 mgd Forecast-based Available Water (FAW)

* Indicates storage zone not present at this time period; release is entry in cell below. + Second entry after slash indicates reduction in release rate for New Jersey Diversion Offset Bank.

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Table 4g Schedule of Releases (cfs) during Normal Conditions Releases with 100 mgd Forecast-based Available Water (FAW)

* Indicates storage zone not present at this time period; release is entry in cell below. + Second entry after slash indicates reduction in release rate for New Jersey Diversion Offset Bank.

DISCHARGE MITIGATION PROGRAM

In order to enhance flood mitigation provided by the City Delaware Basin Reservoirs, NYC agrees to establish a Conditional Seasonal Storage Objective (CSSO) rule curve in Figure 2. Consistent with good practices for water supply reservoirs, and in order to ensure that sufficient resources are available during an extended dry period to support both lower basin and NYC needs, it is essential to ensure that the City Delaware Basin Reservoirs are filled on or around June 1st every year. To accomplish this, the CSSO (boundary between the L1-b and L1-c storage zones in Figure 2) must be limited and ramped. For the duration of the current program NYC shall endeavor, to the maximum extent possible without impacting water supply reliability, to maintain reservoir levels at the CSSO, thus creating a high probability of maintaining ten (10) percent void spaces from September 1, 2016 through March 15, 2017 to help mitigate flooding events. In determining the releases needed to maintain the CSSO, the following parameters are considered in the OST evaluation: forecasted inflows over the next seven (7) days, FAW table releases in effect over the next seven (7) days, anticipated diversions over the next seven (7) days, snow water equivalent in the watershed ranging from 50 percent to 100 percent as appropriate, and the current usable reservoir storage. Based on any projected seven (7) day storage surplus, new release rates, above the FAW table releases in effect, are calculated and spread over the upcoming 7-day period, within the limitations of the release works for each reservoir.

92 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016

Discharge Mitigation Program releases are designed to help mitigate the effects of flooding immediately below the City Delaware Basin Reservoirs. When the combined reservoir usable storage in Figure 1 is in Zone L1, the spill mitigation zone, Figure 2 defines three zones of reservoir-specific storage (L1-a, L1-b and L1-c) relative to two rule curves for each reservoir. Tables 4a through 4g further define spill mitigation releases based on reservoir-specific storage when combined storage is in Zone L1. When combined usable reservoir storage is below Zone L1, reservoir-specific storage zones as defined in Figure 2 are not applicable, and the releases to be made, as set forth in the tables, are for conservation purposes only. The City shall make discharge mitigation releases from the City Delaware Basin Reservoirs in accordance with the following: i. For the period June 16 through April 30, if combined reservoir usable storage is in Zone L1 in accordance with Figure 1, discharge mitigation releases shall be made based upon individual reservoir usable storage in accordance with Zones L1-a, L1-b and L1-c as provided in Figure 2 and Tables 4a through 4g. During the period October 1 through April 30: a. Fifty percent (50%) of the water equivalent of snow pack in the watersheds above the reservoirs shall be included in the determination of combined and individual reservoir usable storage in relation to Figures 1 and 2. b. If, as a result of the combination of current snow pack and predicted meteorological conditions, in the opinion of the New York City Department of Environmental Protection (NYCDEP) any reservoir is anticipated to spill within a period of seven (7) days, then upon notification by NYCDEP to the Decree Parties, the River Master, and DRBC, NYCDEP may, in consideration of possible downstream impacts and the stage and discharge thresholds given in Section 6.a. and Table 5, herein, include up to one hundred percent (100%) of the water equivalent of snow pack in the watersheds above the reservoirs in the determination of combined and individual reservoir usable storage in relation to Figures 1 and 2, unless and until any Decree Party shall notify the NYCDEP, the River Master, and DRBC of its objection to such inclusion. As soon as practicable, NYCDEP shall transition back to the fifty percent (50%) snow pack water equivalent criterion with notification to the Decree Parties, the River Master, and DRBC. ii. For the period May 1 through June 15, Zones L1-a and L1-b shall not be applicable in accordance with Figure 2, and discharge mitigation releases shall be made in accordance with Zone L1-c as provided in Figure 2 and Tables 4a through 4g. iii. The NYCDEP and the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) reservoir releases managers, upon mutual agreement,

Appendix 1 93

may transfer spills to bottom releases to the extent possible at any reservoir. iv. The current National Weather Service (NWS) flood stage for the West Branch Delaware River at Hale Eddy is 11.0 feet. Accordingly, Zone L1discharge mitigation releases will not be made from Cannonsville Reservoir when the river stage for the West Branch Delaware River at Hale Eddy is above 9.0 feet, or is forecasted to be above 9.0 feet within 48 hours of planned discharge mitigation releases, and releases shall be made in accordance with Zone L2 through L5 as provided in Tables 4a through 4g. This guidance may be modified at any time upon unanimous consent by the Decree Parties, if additional information demonstrates that a different cautionary stage should be used to limit the discharge mitigation releases. v. The current NWS flood stage for the East Branch Delaware River at Fishs Eddy is 13.0 ft. Accordingly, Zone L1 discharge mitigation releases will not be made from Pepacton Reservoir when the river stage for the East Branch Delaware River at Fishs Eddy is above 11.0 ft. or is forecast to be above 11.0 ft. within 48 hours of planned discharge mitigation releases, and releases shall be made in accordance with Zone L2 through L5 as provided in Tables 4a through 4g. This guidance may be modified at any time upon unanimous consent by the Decree Parties, if additional information demonstrates that a different cautionary stage should be used to limit the discharge mitigation releases. vi. The current NWS flood stage for the Neversink River at Bridgeville is 13.0 feet. Accordingly, Zone L1 discharge mitigation releases will not be made from Neversink Reservoir when the river stage for the Neversink River at Bridgeville is above 12.0 feet, or is forecast to be above 12.0 feet within 48 hours of planned discharge mitigation releases, and releases shall be made in accordance with Zone L2 through L5 as provided in Tables 4a through 4g. This guidance may be modified at any time upon unanimous consent by the Decree Parties, if additional information demonstrates that a different cautionary stage should be used to limit the discharge mitigation releases. vii. Discharge mitigation releases may be suspended from the respective reservoir if NYCDEP and NYSDEC, in consultation with the NWS, determine that ice conditions threaten flood prone areas of the West Branch Delaware River below Cannonsville Reservoir, East Branch Delaware River below Pepacton Reservoir, or Neversink River below Neversink Reservoir. viii. Discharge mitigation releases will be designed so that the combined discharge from each reservoir’s controlled release works and spillway does not exceed the maximum rate given in Table 5 below. Respective controlled releases will be reduced to L2 releases in Tables 4a through 4g, or lower. ix. To more naturally effect downward or upward transitions between discharge mitigation releases rates identified in Tables 4a through 4g, discharge mitigation releases rates may be ramped, in cooperation with NYSDEC, generally over a

94 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016

period of three days at Cannonsville and Pepacton Reservoirs, and two days at Neversink Reservoir. x. Modifications to the program necessary to accommodate emergencies, maintenance and repair operations or short-term needs are addressed herein in Section 17, Temporary Suspension or Modification. Table 5 Maximum Combined Discharge Rates Reservoir

Maximum Combined Discharge Rate (cfs)

Neversink 3,400 Pepacton 2,400 Cannonsville 4,200 ____________________________________ 8.

SALINITY REPULSION New York City will provide releases to protect the lower basin water supply from salt water movement up the Delaware River in accordance with Table 2 of the Interstate Water Management Recommendations of the Parties to the U.S. Supreme Court Decree of 1954 to the Delaware River Basin Commission pursuant to Delaware River Basin Commission Resolution 78-20 (Good Faith Agreement). As stipulated in the Good Faith Agreement and in accordance with Table 2, herein (Interstate Operation Formula For Adjusting Montague And Trenton Flow Objectives During Drought Emergency (L5) Operations), the City shall make releases to meet the Montague flow objectives according to the location of the salt front.

DWARF WEDGEMUSSELS The Decree Parties will consider any modifications to the current program that may be necessary to avoid taking, harming, or adversely affecting dwarf wedgemussels based upon information from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). Studies currently underway by the USFWS and the USGS may inform such modifications, as new information becomes available. These studies will attempt to quantify any relationship between surface water discharge and groundwater flow and temperature at known dwarf wedgemussel sites in the upper Delaware during low flow conditions.

10.

LAKE WALLENPAUPACK The Decree Parties and the DRBC will consider any modifications to the Lake Wallenpaupack operations plan (DRBC Resolution 2002-33) proposed by the operators of Lake Wallenpaupack, if deemed feasible.

Appendix 1 95

11.

RECREATIONAL BOATING The Decree Parties and the DRBC will review and evaluate proposed reservoir releases programs for supporting recreational boating activities in the upper basin, if deemed feasible.

12.

ESTUARY AND BAY ECOLOGICAL HEALTH The Decree Parties and the DRBC will review and evaluate available data during the implementation of the current program and will consider any modifications that may be necessary to maintain the ecological health of the Delaware Estuary and Bay including that of oysters, shellfish and endangered species. The focus of this FFMP element includes the upper Delaware Estuary, lower Delaware Estuary, and Delaware Bay, and such modifications shall be considered in accordance with the criteria described in Section 1.c.

13.

WARM WATER AND MIGRATORY FISH The Decree Parties and the DRBC will review and evaluate available information on the effects of implementation of the current program on warm water fishes that are found in the Delaware River and will consider any modifications to conserve native species of special concern and migratory species.

14.

MONITORING AND REPORTING During the term of this Agreement, temperature monitoring and accounting of IERQ use will be conducted as follows: a.

Temperature: During the one-year term of the current Agreement, NYSDEC shall monitor water temperatures within the stream reaches defined and categorized in Section 6. NYSDEC will submit to the Decree Parties and to the DRBC, by April 30, 2017, a scientific report summarizing the observed temperatures and assessing biological implications with respect to the stated management goal and defined protection levels of the HPP.

IERQ: In order to assess the extent to which the downbasin parties’ rights in the IERQ are preserved under this Agreement, the River Master shall maintain an accounting of the quantity of daily releases from the NYC reservoirs in accordance with Tables 4a through 4g which are attributable to the 3.91 billion gallons (6,045 cfs-days) IERQ component of the tables.

96 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016

15.

REASSESSMENT STUDY Decisions on the conduct of a water resources reassessment study will be informed by experience gained during the operation of the current program.

16.

PERIODIC EVALUATION AND REVISION The Decree Parties agree that during the entire effective period of this Agreement, as monitoring, reporting, and evaluation may show to be appropriate, the provisions of this Agreement specifying triggers for, and quantities of, releases may be revised through an adaptive management process to further enhance the overall natural resource and economic benefits derived from the releases from the City Delaware Basin Reservoirs. Any resultant action taken shall be subject to the unanimous approval of the Decree Parties. New York City will continue to collaborate with the Decree Parties in the development of the OST as a flow management tool.

17.

TEMPORARY SUSPENSION OR MODIFICATION From time to time, the Decree Parties and the DRBC may agree that emergencies, maintenance and repair operations, short-term needs, or unanticipated effects of the FFMP may require temporary suspension or modification of one or more of the provisions herein. In considering such temporary suspensions or modifications, the Decree Parties and the DRBC may estimate probabilities and risks associated with such temporary suspensions or modifications. Any resultant action taken, other than modifications to the releases as provided below, shall require the unanimous approval of the Decree Parties. The City shall provide reasonable advance notification to the Decree Parties, River Master and DRBC of any planned long-term cessation of diversions and/or changes in releases due to emergencies, maintenance and repair operations including possible tunnel shut downs. The City shall establish the scope of work and the work schedule for maintenance and repair operations and shall inform the Decree Parties and the DRBC of such plans as early as practicable. In the absence of unanimous approval of a modified releases schedule as may be required for purposes of necessary maintenance and repair, the City, acting in cooperation with the NYSDEC, will make releases to the best of its ability for the duration of the maintenance or repair work, provided, however, that releases shall be sufficient to meet the Montague flow objective in effect at the time. Modifications to releases not to exceed seven (7) consecutive days for purposes of maintenance or repair of immediate necessity, or to avoid unreasonable fluctuations in releases, shall not require Decree Party approval, but shall be done in cooperation with NYSDEC, provided, however, that releases shall be sufficient to meet the Montague flow objective in effect at the time.

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18.

RESERVATIONS Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to constitute a waiver or modification of, or limitation on, the Decree Parties rights under the Decree. This Agreement shall not be cited as precedent of any intention to waive or modify or limit such rights. The Decree Parties have authorized certain actions, including but not limited to discharge mitigation releases, in this Agreement to assist in mitigating the impacts of flooding immediately below the NYC Delaware Basin Reservoirs. By incorporating flood mitigation as an objective and taking the actions provided herein, the Decree Parties do not create or assume any duties or obligations regarding flood mitigation or in any way modify any such duties or obligations that may be otherwise prescribed by law.

19.

EFFECTIVE DATE This Agreement shall take effect upon unanimous approval of the Decree Parties and shall expire on May 31, 2017, unless renewed as provided for in Section 20, or if the expiration date is revised.

20.

RENEWAL AND REVISION This Agreement may be revised only through the unanimous written agreement of the Decree Parties. This Agreement, and any unanimously agreed to revisions, may be renewed for an additional one-year period beginning June 1, 2017 by unanimous written agreement of the Decree Parties. If this Agreement is not renewed for an additional oneyear period, prior to May 31, 2017, the Decree Parties agree to enter into good faith negotiations to determine a course of action in the absence of such renewal, as provided in Section 21, below.

21.

REVERSION Upon any failure by all Decree Parties to continue this Agreement, and any revisions to this Agreement, in accordance with Section 20, operations shall revert to those provided in DRBC Docket D-77-20 CP (Revised).

98 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016

Agreement of the Parties to the 1954 U.S. Supreme Court Decree Effective June 1, 2016

STATE OF DELAWARE The State of Delaware hereby approves this Agreement of the Parties to the U.S. Supreme Court Decree of 1954 for a Flexible Flow Management Program with Operations Support Tool integration and recommends that this Agreement be submitted to the Delaware River Basin Commission for implementation as appropriate through rules, dockets and/ or resolutions, subject in each instance to the further agreement of the Parties as required by Section 3.3(a) of the Delaware River Basin Compact. //signed by Dr. David R Wunsch// ____________________________________

Agreement of the Parties to the 1954 U.S. Supreme Court Decree Effective June 1, 2016

STATE OF NEW JERSEY The State of New Jersey hereby approves this Agreement of the Parties to the U.S. Supreme Court Decree of 1954 for a Flexible Flow Management Program with Operations Support Tool integration and recommends that this Agreement be submitted to the Delaware River Basin Commission for implementation as appropriate through rules, dockets and/ or resolutions, subject in each instance to the further agreement of the Parties as required by Section 3.3(a) of the Delaware River Basin Compact. //signed by Daniel M. Kennedy// ____________________________________

Appendix 1 99

Agreement of the Parties to the 1954 U.S. Supreme Court Decree Effective June 1, 2016

CITY OF NEW YORK The City of New York hereby approves this Agreement of the Parties to the U.S. Supreme Court Decree of 1954 for a Flexible Flow Management Program with Operations Support Tool integration and recommends that this Agreement be submitted to the Delaware River Basin Commission for implementation as appropriate through rules, dockets and/ or resolutions, subject in each instance to the further agreement of the Parties as required by Section 3.3(a) of the Delaware River Basin Compact. //signed by Paul Rush// ____________________________________

Agreement of the Parties to the 1954 U.S. Supreme Court Decree Effective June 1, 2016

STATE OF NEW YORK The State of New York hereby approves this Agreement of the Parties to the U.S. Supreme Court Decree of 1954 for a Flexible Flow Management Program with Operations Support Tool integration and recommends that this Agreement be submitted to the Delaware River Basin Commission for implementation as appropriate through rules, dockets and/ or resolutions, subject in each instance to the further agreement of the Parties as required by Section 3.3(a) of the Delaware River Basin Compact. //signed by Mark Klotz// ____________________________________

100 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016

Agreement of the Parties to the 1954 U.S. Supreme Court Decree Effective June 1, 2016

COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania hereby approves this Agreement of the Parties to the U.S. Supreme Court Decree of 1954 for a Flexible Flow Management Program with Operations Support Tool integration and recommends that this Agreement be submitted to the Delaware River Basin Commission for implementation as appropriate through rules, dockets and/ or resolutions, subject in each instance to the further agreement of the Parties as required by Section 3.3(a) of the Delaware River Basin Compact. //signed by Kelly Jean Heffner// ____________________________________

Appendix 2 101

Appendix 2. Temporary Releases Program for April 28–May 1, 2016, “One Bug” Event An agreement for a temporary modification to the 2015 Flexible Flow Management Program (FFMP) was signed by the Parties of the Amended Decree of the U.S. Supreme Court in New Jersey v. New York, 347 U.S. 995 (1954). The agreement allowed for reservoir release rates greater than those defined in the FFMP for April 28–May 1, 2016, in support of an event for the upper Delaware River Basin fishing community. A copy of the agreement is included as appendix 2 here and is also available through the U.S. Geological Survey website (https://webapps.usgs.gov/odrm/documents/ffmp/Temp.Releases .April.28-May.1.2016.One_Bug_Event.pdf) (fig 2.1).

102 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016

AGREEMENT Temporary Releases Program For April 28-May 1, 2016 “One Bug” Event In response to a request for flow support from the Upper Delaware fishing community the Decree Party Principals unanimously agree to temporarily modify releases from Cannonsville and Pepacton reservoirs to maintain higher flows for the “One Bug” fishing event from April 28-May 1, 2016. The temporary agreement will prevent short term fluctuations and reductions in releases that would otherwise have occurred as a result of both current weather conditions and the current reservoir levels and time of year as described in the 2015-2016 Flexible Flow Management Program (FFMP). Since the combined storage of Cannonsville, Pepacton and Neversink Reservoirs entered Zone L2 as of April 25, 2016, in the absence of a temporary modification to the FFMP, releases out of Cannonsville and Pepacton Reservoirs must be reduced by 0800 hours on Thursday, April 28, 2016. The following temporary modifications to releases rates will be made: Cannonsville and Pepacton Reservoir releases will be maintained at the current April L1 rates of 400 cfs and 85 cfs respectively beginning 0800 hours on Thursday April 28, 2016. The Pepacton Reservoir release will be ramped down beginning 0800 on Sunday May 1, 2016 until 0800 on Monday May 2, 2016. The Cannonsville Reservoir release will be ramped down beginning at 1200 hours on Sunday May 1, 2016 until 0800 on Monday May 2, 2016. All release rates will be ramped down in accordance with established operational procedures, to releases called for under the operative OST-FFMP release table. The difference in volume released under L1 rates compared to L2 rates shall be deducted from the IERQ for this temporary program. This decision is made in the context of the current hydrologic conditions, the approach of the end of the FFMP water year, and the availability of Interim Excess Release Quantity (IERQ) water. Future decisions to release IERQ water will continue to be made on a case-by-case basis, depending upon the hydrologic conditions at the time, in the context of ensuring a safe and reliable water supply for New York City and the Delaware River Basin water users.

Appendix 2 103

The Decree Parties will continue to meet and identify opportunities to improve overall operations and address issues as they arise.

____________________________ State of Delaware Date

__________________________ State of New Jersey Date

____________________________ State of New York Date

________________________________ Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Date

____________________________ City of New York Date

104 Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016

Appendix 3. Agreement of the Parties to the 1954 Decree of the Supreme Court of the United States—Temporary Thermal Releases Program for Habitat Protection, July 2016 An agreement for a temporary modification to the 2016 Flexible Flow Management Program (FFMP) was signed by the Parties of the Amended Decree of the U.S. Supreme Court in New Jersey v. New York, 347 U.S. 995 (1954). The agreement granted approval for reservoir release rates greater than those defined in the FFMP for July 23–25, 2016, to mitigate negative effects of forecasted high water temperatures on the aquatic habitat on the main stem of the upper Delaware River. A copy of the agreement is included as appendix 3 here and is also available through the U.S. Geological Survey website (https://webapps.usgs.gov/odrm/documents/ffmp/TemporaryThermalRelease-IERQ20160722.pdf) (fig. 3.1).

Appendix 3 105

Agreement of the Parties to the 1954 U.S. Supreme Court Decree Temporary Thermal Releases Program For Habitat Protection July 2016 High forecasted nighttime air temperatures in the upper Delaware River Basin during July 23-25, 2016 are expected to increase the water temperature in the main stem of the upper Delaware River downstream of the New York City Delaware Basin reservoirs. The Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection and the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation jointly requested the unanimous approval of the Delaware River Decree Parties to implement a temporary program of release augmentation on July 21, 2016 in response to the stress conditions these high water temperatures may cause to the cold-water fishery. These augmented releases will be made from Cannonsville Reservoir to partially mitigate the negative effects that may be caused by high water temperatures on the aquatic habitat of the main stem of the upper Delaware River. On July 22, 2016, the Decree Parties unanimously agreed that during the period July 23 - 25, 2016, augmented releases would be made from Cannonsville Reservoir as follows: Release an additional 250 cubic feet per second from Cannonsville Reservoir starting at 4:00 PM EDT July 23 and continue the additional release through 4:00 PM EDT July 25, 2016. Begin ramping down at 4:00 PM EDT on July 25, 2016, according to established operational procedures, down to the release rate prescribed under the currently applicable FFMP-OST release table. The weather forecast for the Delaware River Region includes a potential for thunderstorms which could produce precipitation in the Upper Delaware Basin and naturally increase streamflows. Because the increased runoff would both reduce the need for thermal mitigation and reduce the effectiveness of the increased cold water release, no augmented releases shall be made to cause the Lordville flow to be greater than 1800 cfs. The Interim Excess Release Quantity shall provide the water required for this temporary releases program.

_______________________________ State of Delaware Date

_______________________________ State of New Jersey

_______________________________ State of New York Date

________________________________ Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Date

_______________________________ City of New York Date

For more information about this report, contact: Delaware River Master, Office of the Delaware River Master, U.S. Geological Survey. Visit our website at: https://webapps.usgs.gov/odrm/ Publishing support provided by the Reston Publishing Service Center

Russell and others—Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016—OFR 2024–1012

ISSN 0196-1497 (print) ISSN 2331-1258 (online)

https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20241012

Report of the River Master of the Delaware River for the Period December 1, 2015–November 30, 2016

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