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MEDICAL LEXICON.
A
DICTIONARY
OF
MEDICAL SCIENCE:
CONTAINING
CONCISE EXPLANATION OF THE VARIOUS SUBJECTS AND TERMS OF ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY.
PATHOLOGY, HYGIENE, THERAPEUTICS, MEDICAL CHEMISTRY, PHARMACOLOGY, PHAlt-
MACY, SURGERY, OBSTETRICS, MEDICAL JURISPRUDENCE, AND DENTISTRY;
NOTICES OF CLIMATE, AND OF MINERAL WATERS; FORMULA iOiw
OFFICINAL, EMPIRICAL, AND DIETETIC PREPARATIONS;
WITH
THE ACCENTUATION AND ETYMOLOGY OF THE TERMS,
AND
THE FRENCH AKD OTHER SYNONYMS.
BY
ROBLEY DUNGLISON, M.D., LL.D.,
Late Professor of Institutes of Medicine and Medical Jurisprudence in the Jefferson Medical College of Philadelphia, etc.
A NEW EDITION,
ENLARGED AND THOROUGHLY REVISED
BY
RICHARD J. DUNGLISON, M.D,
ONTARIO
ILLEGE OF PHARR/iACY
Ua gerf^ard s-^ ^'^
TORONTO
PHILADELPHIA: HENRY C. LE A 1874.
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 187.^ hv
HENRY C. LEA,
in the Office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington. All rights reserved.
PHILAOKLPmA
COLLINS. PRINTER.
PREFACE TO THE NEW EDITION.
IN assuming, with pardonable pride, the labor of revision of a work which has, for forty years, so signally enjoyed the confidence and favor of the profession, the Editor has endeavored to bring it thoroughly up to the require- ments of the day, for — in the words of the Author, in his preface to the last edition — " it has been his ardent wish to make the work a satisfactory and desirable, if not indispensable, lexicon, in which the inquirer may search, with- out disappointment, for every term that has been legitimated in the nomencla- ture of the science." The Author had already commenced the revision of the dictionary when prostrated by the prolonged illness which terminated his useful and valuable life, and the results of his labors will be found everywhere throughout the work.
The progress of medical science during the few years past has been so remarkable, and the amplification of the nomenclature so extensive, that another revision of the Medical Lexicon had become a work of absolute necessity. Probably during no previous interval has there been such an enrichment of the vocabulary by the introduction of new words, while many of the older ones have recently received new acceptations. Certainly in no former revision have the alterations and additions been so great as in this. The present edition includes more than six thousand subjects and terms not embraced in the last, and, although the capacity of the page has been enlarged, the volume has been increased by one hundred pages, so that it contains, in fact, additional matter equivalent to at least one hundred and sixty pages of the last edition. Particu- lar care has been devoted to the derivation and accentuation of terms. With regard to the latter, indeed, the present edition may be considered a complete pronouncing dictionary of medical science. The typographical arrangement has also been modified in a manner which, it is hoped, will render reference more easy.
It was the privilege of the Editor on previous occasions to participate in the labors of the Author, and it has been his aim to carry out the plan on which the volume was based. He may, therefore, perhaps be allowed to express the hope that the work, which possesses for him a filial as well as an individual interest, will be found worthy a continuance of the position so long accorded to it as a standard authority.
RICHARD J. DimGLISON.
Philadelphia, December, 1873.
iii
^
PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION.
THE present undertaking was suggested by the frequent complaints made by the Author's pupils, that they were unable to meet with information on numerous topics of professional inquiry, — especially of recent introduction, — in the medical dictionaries acces.sible to them.
It may, indeed, be correctly affirmed, that we have no dictionary of medical subjects and terms which can be looked upon as adapted to the state of the science. In proof of this, the Author need but remark that he has found occa- sion to add several thousand medical terms, which are not to be met with in the only medical lexicon at this time in circulation in the country.
The present edition will be found to contain many hundred more terms than the first, and to have experienced numerous additions and modifications.
The Author's object has not been to make the work a mere lexicon or dic- tionary of terms, but to afford, under each, a condensed view of its various medical relations, and thus to render the work an epitome of the existing con- dition of medical science. In its preparation he has freely availed himself of the English, French, and German works of the same nature, and has endeavored to add every subject and term of recent introduction which has fallen under his notice ; yet, with all his care, it will doubtless be found that subjects have been omitted. The numerous additions, however, which he has made, and his strong desire to be useful, " by removing rubbish and clearing obstructions from the paths through which learning and genius press forward to conquest and glory," will, he trusts, extenuate these and other objections that might be urged against the work ; especially when the toil which every compiler of a dictionary must endure is taken into consideration, — a toil which has been so forcibly depicted by the great English Lexicographer, as well as by the distinguished Scaliger, in an epigram written after he had made an index to the " Inscriptions " of Geutee :
"Si quern dura manet sententia Judicifi olim, Damnatum aarumnis suppliciisque caput; Hunc neque fabrili lassent ergastula massS Nee ligidas vexent fossa metalla manus, Lexica contexat; nam caetera quid moror? Omnes Poenarum facies hie labor unus habet:"
thus freely rendered in French :
"Si quelqu'un a comrais quelque crime odieux, S'il a tu^ son p^re, ou blasph^m^ les Dieux, Qu'il fasse un Lexicon: s'il est supplice au monde Qui le punisse mieux, je veux que Ton me tonde."
Philadelphia, 1839. T
EXPLANATION
IF the simple synonymy of any term be desired, a mere reference to the term may be sufficient; but if further intbrmation, as to meaning or accentuation, be needed, it may be obtained under the term referred to. For instance, under dmicifuga, refer- ence is made to Actcea racemosa, as a synonym. This may be sufficient for the inquirer ; but should he desire to know the accentuation and properties of the plant, he must turn to Actcea racemosa. In the same manner, the French word Tronc is de- fined Trunk This may be sufficient: should it not, the requisite information may be found under Trunk. In terms of more words than one, the definition is generally given under the more significant word; but, if not, it will be found under the other. Respiratory Murmur, for example, is defined under Murmur ; Shaking palsy, under Palsy ; Musculus succingetis, under Mmculus ; Ocular spectrum, under Spectrum.
When the orthography of the French term is the same as that of the English, or with the mere diflerence of an accented vowel in the former, the term is not always repeated.
To facilitate reference, a heavy type has been employed for all terms, except for synonyms and subordinate words, which are printed in small capitals, and French synonyms, which are distinguished by a bold-faced italic.
The double accent {^^), as in Electrie^^ity, TransiV^ion, &c., implies that the letter thus accented has a soft sound.
Under the subject of "Weights and Measures" will be found an explanation of the relative values of the quantities employed in the officinal formulae of the United States and British Pharmacopoeias. The Dublin, Edinburgh, and London Pharmaco- poeias, formulae from which are frequently given, have no longer a separate existence, being blended with the British.
ABBREVIATIONS ARBITEARILY EMPLOYED.
Arab Arabic.
Belg Belgic.
C Centigrade.
Ceh Celtic.
Ceyl Ceylonese.
Ch Chaussier.
Corr Corrupted.
D Dutch.
Da Danish.
Dim Diminutive.
E English.
F French.
Fah. or Fahr Fahrenheit.
Fam Family.
Fern Feminine.
G German.
Gael Gaelic.
Gen Genitive.
Heb Hebrew,
I Italian.
Icel Icelandic.
Imp. Meas Imperial Measure.
Ind Indian.
Ir..c Irish.
L Latin.
Linn Linnaeus.
Masc Masculine.
Mex Mexican.
Nat. Ord Natural Order.
Neg Negative.
Old Eng Old English.
Ord Order.
P Portuguese.
Part Participle.
Peruv Peruvian.
Ph. B British Pharraaeopoei a
Ph. D Pharmacopoeia ot' Dublin.
Ph. E " Edinburgh.
Ph. L " I^ndon.
Ph.P « Paris.
Ph. U.S " United States.
PI Plural.
Priv Privative.
Pron Pronounced.
Prov Provincial.
Q. V Quod vide, 'which see.'
R Reaumur.
S Spanish.
S. g. & Sp. gr.. Specific Gravity.
Sax Anglosaxon.
Sc Scottish.
Sex. Syst Sexual System.
Sing Singular.
Su. G Suiogothic.
Sw Swedish.
Tent Teutonic.
Vulg Vulgarly or commonlv.
W Welsh.
rii
A DICTIONARY
OP
MEDICAL SCIENCE.
A.
A — ABBREVIATION.
A, before a consonant ; An before a vowel, a, av, have, in the compound medical terms, a privative negative or debasing signification, like that of the particles in, im, un, ir, in English. Thus : Sthe- ni a means strength ; Aatheni'a, want of strength ; Anse'mia, want of blood, etc. Ab, Abs, and An, as a prefix, have like signification. Occasionally, iu compound words, they have an intensive mean- ing.
A, or AA. See Abbreviation.
Aachen, Aix-la-Chapelle.
Aande, Breath.
Aaron, Arum maculatum.
Aarzhil, Min'eral Wa'ters of, in the canton of Berne, Switzerland. The chief spring contains chlorides of calcium and sodium, sulphates of lime and soda, oxide of iron, and sulphohydric acid gas.
Aasm'us, Anhelatio,
Ah, as a prefix, see A.
Ahach, Min'eral Wa'ters of. A hydrosul- phuretted saline spring not far from Ratisbon or Kegentsberg, in Bavaria.
AbaiHse-Ziangue. Tongue Depressor.
Abaissementf {ivovabaa, Mow,') Depression — a. de la Cataracte, see Cataract — a. de la Mat- rice, Prolapsus uteri.
Abaisseur de VAile du Nez, Depressor alae nasi — a. de I'angle de8 l^vrea, Depressor anguli oris — a. de la langue, Glossocatochus — a. de la livre inferienre. Depressor labii inferioris — a. de la machoire inferieure, Digastricus — a. de I'ceil, Rectus inferior oculi.
Abaliena'tio Ment'is, Insanity.
Abaliena'tus. Cormp't an, Corrupted; (afe, and aliemis, ' difi"erent.') Membra abaliena'ta. Limbs dead or benumbed.
Aban'ga. Name given by the inhabitants of St. Thomas to the fruit of a palm tree, the seeds of which they consider useful in diseases of the chest, in the dose of three or four, two or three times a day.
Abaptist'a, Abaptist'on or Abaptiit'um, (a, and jSaTTTt^Eiv, 'to plunge.') The old trepan, the conical shape of which prevented it from plung- ing suddenly into the cavity of the crnnium.
Abaptist'on, or Abaptist'um, Abaptista.
Abaremo-Temo. A Brazilian tree, which grows in the mountains, and appears to be a mimosa. Piso relates that the decoction of its bark, which is bitter and astringent, was applied in that coun- try to ulcers of a bad character. 1
Abar'nahas, Magnesia.
Abarticnla'tio, (06, and articulu$, '% jeint.*) Diarthrosis, and Synarthrosis.
AbHtardissement, (from bdtard, 'bastard.') Degeneration.
Abatis, Giblets.
Abattetnent, (from battre, ' to beat.') Prostra- tion.
Abbecourt, Min'eral Wa'ters of. A chalyb- eate spring, six leagues from Paris, and one from Poissy, once much frequented.
Abbeville, Min'eral Wa'ters of. An acidu- lous chalybeate at Abbeville, in the department of Somme, France.
Abbrevia'tion, Abbrevia'tio, Brachyn'aia, Bra- chya'mos, Abbreviatn' ra. (F.) Abreviation, (brevis, 'short.') Abbreviations, chiefly used in medici- nal formulae, are by no means as frequently employed now as of old, when every article had its appropriate symbol. The following are some of those which have been or are employed :
R. Recipe, Take.
A. aI, ana, {ava,) Utriuaque, Of each. Abdom. Abdomen.
Abs. Febr. Abaente febre, In the absence of fever.
Ad. or Add. Adde or addatur. Add or let be added.
Ad. Deliq. Ad deliquium, To fainting.
Ad. Lib. Ad libitum, At pleasure.
Admov. Admoveatnr, Let it be applied.
Altern. Hou. Afternia horia, Every other hour.
Alv. Adstrict. Alvo adatrictd. The bowels being confined.
Aq. Aqua, Water.
Aq. Bull. Aqua bulliena, Boiling water.
Aq. Comm. Aqua commnnia, Common wabtr.
Aq. Ferv. Aqua fervena, Hot water.
Aq. Font. Aqua fontis, Spring water.
Aq. Marin. Aqua marina. Sea water.
B. A. Balneum arense, A sand bath. Bals. Balaamum, Balsam.
BB. BBDS. Barhadenaia, Barbadoes. Bib. Bibe, Drink. Bis IND. Bia indies, Twice daily. B. M. Balneum marise. (F.) Bain mari*^ A water bath. BoL. Bolua.
Bull. Bulliat, Let it boil, or Bulliena, Boilin£< But. Butyrum, Butter. B. V. Balneum vaporia, A vapor bath.
(1>
ABBREVIATION
ABBREVIATION
C. Congius, A gallon.
C^ERUL. Cieruleas, Blue.
Cap. Capiat, Let him take.
C. C. Cornu cervi, Hartshorn.
C. C. U. Cornu cervi ustuin, Burnt hartshorn.
C. M. Cras manl, To-morrow morning.
C. N. Craa node, To-morrow night.
C. V. Craa vesjyere, To-morrow evening. CoCHIi. Cochleare, A spoonful.
CocHL. Ampl. Cochleare amplum, A large spoonful.
CocHL. Inf. Cochleare infantum, A child's gpoonful.
CocHL. Mod. or Med. Cochleare modicum or medium, A dessertspoonful.
CoCHL. Parv. Cochleare parn^nm, A teaspoonful.
Col. Cola, and Colaturse, Strain, and To the material strained.
Com p. Compositua, Compound.
CoNF. Confectio, Confection.
Cons. Coneerva, Conserve.
CONT. Continuetur, Let it bo continued.
COQ. Coque, Boil.
CoRT. Cortex, Bark.
Crast. Crastinua, For to-morrow.
CuJ. Cujus, Of which.
CuJUSL. Cujuslibet, Of any.
Cyath. Cyathus, A glassful.
Cyath. The^, a teacupful.
D. Bosia, A dose.
D. ET S. Detur et aignetur {placed at the end of a prescription.) Let it be given and directed.
D. D. Detur ad. Let it be given' in or to.
Deaur. Pil. Beauretur pilula. Let the pill be gilded.
Deb. Spiss. Dehita spissitudo, A due consist- ence.
Dec. JDecanta, Pour off.
Decub. Decubitus, Lying down, going to bed.
De D. in D. De die in diem, From day to day.
Dej. Alv. Dejectionea alvi, Alvine evacuations.
Dep. Depuratns, Purified.
Dest. Deatil/n, Distil.
Det. Detur, Let it be given.
DiEB. Altern- Diebus alteruis, Every other day.
DiEB. Tert. Diebna tertiis. Every third day.
Dig. Digeratur, Let it be digested.
DiL. Dilutus, Dilute.
Dim. Dimidiua, One-half.
Div. Divide, Divide.
Donec Alv. Solut. Fder. Donee alvua soluta fuerit. Until the bowels are opened.
Drach. Drachma, A drachm.
Ejusd. Ejuadem, Of the same.
Enem. Enema, A clyster.
ExHiB. Exhibeatur, Let it be exhibited.
Ext. super Alut. Extende super alutam, Spread upon leather.
F. Fiat, Let it be made.
F. Pil. Fiat Pilula, Make into a pill.
F. VENiES. or F. VS. Fiat venitaectio, Let bleeding be performed.
Feb. Duu. Febre durante. The fever continuing.
Fem. Intern. Femoribua internia, To the in- ■ide of the thighs.
Fist. Armat. Fiatula armata, A bag and pipe — a clyster pipe and bladder fitted for use.
Fl. Fluidua, Fluid, and Florea, Flowers.
FuACT. Doa. Fractd duai, In a divided or broken dose.
Frust. Fruatillatim, In small pieces.
Gbl. Quavis. Oelatind qudvia. In any kind of Jelly.
G. G. G. Oummi guitm Oambim, Gamboge. Qr. Qrdnum, A grain.
Gt. Outta, A drop. Gtt. Outtm, Drops. Gtt. or GuTT. QuiBUSD. 6rM«i» quibuadatn, With some drops. Gum. Oummi, Qum. QuTTAT. OuUaiim, By drops.
HoR. Decttb. Jfford decubit^a. At bed-time.
HoK. Interm. Horia intermediia, At interme- diate hours.
H. S. Hord aomni, At bed-time.
Inf. Infunde, Infuse.
Ind, Indiea, Daily.
Inj. Enem. Injiciatur enema, Let a clyster b« given.
In Pulm. In pnlmento. In gruel.
Jul. Julepua, A julep.
Lat. Dol. Lateri dolenti, To the pained side.
Lb. and Lib. Libra, A pound weight.
Lib. Llb. Librse, Pounds.
LiQ. Liquor.
M. Miace, Mix.
Mac. Mace.ra, Macerate.
Man. Manipulua, A handful.
Man. Prim. Man^ primo. Early in the morning.
Mic. Pan. Mica pania. Crumb of bread.
MiN. Minimum, Minim, The 60th part of a drachm by measure.
MiTT. Mitte, Send.
Mitt. Sang. Mittatur aanguia, Let blood be drawn.
Mod. PrjESCRIPT. Modo prseacripto. In the manner directed.
Mor. Sol. More aolito, In the usual manner.
Moc. Mucilago, Mucilage.
N. M. Nux moachata, Nutmeg.
0, Octariua, A pint.
01. Oleum, Oil.
Ol. Lini S. I. Oleum lini aine igne. Cold-drawn linseed oil.
Omn. Bid. Omni biduo, Every two days.
Omn. Bih. Omni bihorio, Every two hours.
Omn. Hor. Omni hord, Every hour.
Omn. Man. Omni man?., Every morning.
Omn. Nocte, Every night.
Omn. Quadr. Hor. Omni quadrante horse, Every quarter of an hour.
0. 0. 0. Oleum olivse optimum, Best olive oiL
Ov. Ovum, An egg.
Ox. Oxymel.
Oz. TJncia, An ounce.
P. Pondere, By weight, and Para, A part.
P. and Pug. Ptigillua, A pugil.
P. M. Partea sequalea, Equal parts.
Part. Vic. Partitia vicibua. In divided doses.
PerACT. Op. Emet. Peractd operutione emetieiy The operation of the emetic b«ing over.
Pil. Pilula, A pill. Pil. or Pill. Pilula, Pills.
Post. Sing. Sed. Liq. Poat aingulaa aedea liqui- daa. After every liquid evacuation.
Pot. Potio, A potion.
P, P. Pnlvia patrum, Jesuits' bark.
P. Rat. M-vat. Pro ratioue setatia, Accerding to the age.
P. R. N. Pro re natd, As occasion may be.
PuLV. Pulvia, A powder.
Q. P. Quantum placeat. As much as may please.
Q. S. Quanftim attfficit. As much as is sufficient.
Q. V. Quantum voliteria. As much as you wish,
QuoR. Quonan, Of which.
Rad. Radix, Root.
Ras. Raaurse, Shavings.
Rect. Eectificatua, Rectified.
Red. or Redig. in Pulv. Redactua in puherem, or Redigatur in pulverem. Powdered, or Let it be powdered.
Reg. Umbil. Regie umbilici, The umbilicmj region.
Repet. Repetatur, Let it be repeated.
S. Signa, Write, or Give directions.
S. A. Secundum artem. According to art.
Sem. Semen, Seed.
Semi-dr. Semidrachma, Half a drachm.
Semi-h. Semihnra. Half an hour.
Serv. Serva, Keep, preserve.
Sesquih. Seaquihuru, An hour and a half.
ABBREVIATION
ABDUCTOR
, Sesttnc. Sesuncta, An ounce and a half.
Si Non Val. Si non valeat, If it does not answer.
Si Op. Sit. Si opus sit, If there be need.
Si Vir. Perm. Si vires permittant, If the strength vrill permit.
Sing. Singulorum, Of each.
SoLV. Solve, Dissolve.
Sp. and Spir. Spiritus, Spirit.
Ss. Semi, One half.
St. Stet, Let it stand.
Sub Fin. Coct. Sub Jinem coctionis, Towards ae end of the boiling.
Sum. Sumat, Let him take; also, Summitates, .["he tops.
S. V. Spiritns vini, Spirit of wine.
S. V. R. Spiritua vini rectificatus. Rectified Bpirit of wine.
S. V. T. Spiritus vini tenuior, Proof spirit of wine.
Syr. Si/ricpus, Syrup.
Temp. Dext. Tempori dextro. To the right temple.
T. 0. Tinctura opii. Tincture of opium.
Tr., Tra. and Tinct. Tinctura, Tincture.
Trit. Tritura, Triturate.
TJsQ. AD Deliq. Us' que ad deliq'tiium, To faint- ing.
V. 0. S. or ViT. Ov. Sol. Vitello ovi aolutus. Dissolved in the yolk of an egg.
VS. Venmsectio, Venesection.
Z.Z. Anciently myrrA : now z/Hziier or ginger.
lb., Libra, A pound, lib. Pounds.
,^, Unciaf An ounce.
f^, Fluiduncia, A fluidounce.
3» Drachma, A drachm.
f^, Fluidrackma, A fluidrachm.
^, Scrupulum, A scruple.
tTj^, Minimum^ A minim.
ss., Semissis, or half; iss., sesqui, one and a half.
j., one; ij., two; iij., three; iv. four, &c. See Symbol.
The same system is not always followed in ab- breviating. The subjoined will exhibit the usual mode:
R
Infus. Colomh. f^vss.
Tinct. Gent. Camp. f,^iii.
Si/r. Cort. Aurant. f^ii.
tinct. Caps. f^i. M.
Capt. •coch. ij. p. r. n.
This, written at length, is as follows : Recipe
Infusi Colombas fluiduncias quinque cum se-
misse. Tincturse Gentianse Composite fiuidrachmas
tres. Syrupi Corticia Aurantiorum fiuidrachmas
duas. Tincturse Capaici fluidrachmam. Misce.
Capiat cochlearia duo pro re natS,. In the United States the directions are always written in English.
AheP.8, Abscess — a. Aigu, see Abscess. • AhcP,s en Bouton de Cltemise, Shirtbutton or Shirtstnd Abscess. A deep-seated mammary ab- scess, following the septa of the breast, and ap- pearing under the skin, so as eventually to give rise to one or more subcutaneous ab8ces8es,without losing the original character of submammary sup- puration. A cavity exists between the integu- ments and the gland — another, larger, between the mamma and the chest — the two communicat- ing by a passage, which is generally narrow— the whole having the exact appearance of a shirtstud. Abedg Cfutud, see Abscess — a. Chronique, see Abscess — a. par Congestion, see Abscess — a. Consec lit if, AhsGCSs, metastatic — a. DlatMsique, see Abscess — a. Froid, sqq Abscess^ a Metaa-
I tatique, Abscess, metastatic — a. RitrO'UtMne, see I Retro-uterine — a. Scrqfuleux, see Abscess — «. Soudain, see Abscess.
Abdo'men, gen. Abdo'minis, (from abdere, * to conceal ; ' because it conceals the viscera; by some, fancifully presumed to be from abdere, to 'conceal,' and omentum, ' the caul.' From abdo is formed abdomen, as from lego, legumen.) Etrou, Hypo- gas' tri on, Physce, Hypocce'lium, Epis'chion, Lap'- ara, Hypochoi'lion, Gaiter, Aroe'a, Ilirach, Nedys^ Neice'ra, Nei'ra, Abdu'men, Venter, Venter imua, Venter in'Ji)nii8, Alvus, U'terua, The belly, (Sc.) ICyte, Peiiehe, (Prov.) Baggie, Hag, Pook, (F.) Ventre, V. inferienr, Bas ventre. The largest of the three splanchnic cavities, bounded, above, by the diaphragm; below, by the pelvis; behind, by the lumbar vertebrae; and at the sides and for© part, by muscular expansions. It is distinguished into three anterior regions, from above to below, — the epigastric, umbilical, and hypogastric, — each of which is itself divided into three others, one middle, and two lateral : thus, the epigastric region comprises the ejiigaatrimii and hypochondria ; the umbilical, the umhilicua and flanks or lumbar re- gions; and the hypogastric, the hypogastrium and iliac regions. None of these regions has its limits well defined. The chief viscera, contained in the cavity of the abdomen — Coe'lia, Cavum Abdom'- inia — are the stomach, intestines, liver, spleen, pancreas, kidneys, &c. It is lined by the peri- toneum.
Abdo'men, Pend'ulous, Physconia.
Abdom'inal, Abdominal'is, Ventral'is, Ventral, That which belongs to the Abdomen, as abdominal muscles, abdominal viscera, abdominal section, &c,
Abdom'inal ring, Inguinal ring.
Abdo'miiiis Explora'tio, Abdominoscopia.
Abdominoscop'ia, Gastroscop'ia, Laparoscop'ia^ Abdom'inis Explora'tio, Abdom'inoscopy. A hy- brid word, from abdomen, and gkojcu), ' I view.' Examination of the lower belly as a means of diagnosis. See Auscultation.
Abdoni'lnOUS, Ventrico'sus, Ventro'sus, Ventri- couH, Vent'ricose, Big-bellied, Big-paunched, Ven- tiip'otent. Having a large abdomen.
Abdu'cens, Motor oculi externus — a. Labio'- rum, Levator anguli oris.
Abducteur, Al)ductor — a. de I'veil, Rectus ex- ternus oculi — a. de Voreille, Abductor auris — a. du groa orteil. Abductor pollicis pedis — a. du petit orteil, Abductor minimi digiti pedis — a. court du pouce, Abductor pollicis brevis — a. long du pouce, Abductor pollicis longus.
Abduc'tion, Abdv.c'tio, (from abducere, 'to sep- arate,' ub and ducere, ' to lead.') The movement which separates a limb or other part from the axis of the body.
The word has also been used synonymously with Abrup'tio, Apug'ma, Apoclaa'ma, a fracture near the articular extremity of a bone^ with sepa- ration of the fragments.
Abduct'or, gen. Abducto'ris, (F.) Abducteur, A muscle which moves certain parts by separat- ing them from the axis of the body.
Abduct'or Auricula'ris, Abductor auris.
Abduct'or Au'ris, Abduct'or auricula'ris, (P.) Abducteur de Voreille. A portion of the posterior anria, whose existence is not constant, which passes from the mastoid process to the concha.
Abduct'orBrevis Altkr, see Abductor Pollicis.
Abduct'or In'dicis, Semi-interos'seua in'dicia. A muscle which arises from the os trapezium and metacarpal bono of the thumb, and is inserted into the first bone of the forefinger. Its use is to bring the forefinger towards the thumb.
Abductor Indicis Pedis, Prior indicis pedis, Posterior indicis pedis — a. Longus Pollicis, Ab- ductor Pollicis longus.
Abduct'or Min'tmi Dig"iti, (Tarpophalan'geua min'imi digiti, Exten'sor ter'tii interno'dii minimi
ABDUCTOR
ABLUTION
digiti — (Douglas.) H^jpotW enar mi'nor metacar'- peua, (F.) Carpo-phalangien da petit doigt. (See also Flexor parvus minimi digiti.) It originates, fleshy, from the os pisiforme, and from the annular ligament near it ; and is inserted, tendinous, into the inner side of the base of the first bone of the little finger. Uaey to draw the little finger from the rest.
Abdttct'or Min'imi Dig"iti Pe'dis, Calcoaub- phalang'eua minimi digiti, Calcaneo -jilialungien du petit orteil, Parath'enar ma'jor — ( By Winslow, the muscle is divided into two portions, — Para- thenar major and metatarseus.) — Calcaneo-sous- phalangien du 2ietit orteil — (Ch.), (F.) Abduc- teur du petit orteil. This muscle forms the outer margin of the sole of the foot, and is immediately beneath the plantar aponeurosis. It arises, ten- dinous and fleshy, from the outer side of the pro- tuberance of the OS calcis, and from the root of the metatarsal bone of the little toe, and is inserted into the outer part of the root of the first bone of the little toe. Use, to draw the little toe outwards. Abdttct'ou Oculi, Rectus externus oculi. Abduct'or Poii'LlCiS Bre'vis, Abductor Pollicia Ma' lids, Scajihocarposuperphalan' geua Poinds, Su8- phalangien du police, A. pollicia ma'uHa, (F.) Abducteur court du pouce, Garpo-aua-phalangien dupouce (Ch.). — A short, flat, triangular muscle, which arises from the anterior surface of the os Bcaphoides and the annular ligament of the carpus and terminates at the outside of the upper ex- tremity of the first phalanx of the thumb. A particular portion, on the inner side of this mus- cle, is called, by Albinus, Abductor brevis alter,
Abduct'or Pol'licis Long'us or A. Longus POLLICIS, A. P. L. Ifaniia, Exten'aor oa'ais metaear- pi pollicia manHs, Extenaor pri'mi internodii (Douglas) — Extensor pri'mua Pollicia, Cubito- radi-sua-metacarpien du pouce, Ciihito-aua-meta- carpien du pouce (Ch.) — (F.) Abducteur long du pouce. A long, thin muscle, arising from the posterior surface of the ulna, radius, and inter- osseous ligament, and inserted at the outer side of the upper extremity of the first metacarpal bone.
Abduct'or Pol'licis Ma'nus, Abductor Pol- licis Brevis.
Abduct'or Pol'licts Pe'dis, Calcoaubphalan' - geua Pol'licis, (F.) Abducteur du gros orteil. This muscle arises, fleshy, from the anterior and inner part of the protuberance of the os calcis, and tendinous from the same bone where it joins with the OS naviculare. It is inserted, tendinous, into the internal os sesamoideum and root of the first bone of the great toe. Use, to pull the great toe from the rest.
The name Abductor has been given also to all those interosseous muscles of the hand and foot which perform the motion of abduction on the fingers or toes, and to muscles which execute the same function in other parts of the body. Abdu'men, Abdomen.
Abebae'os, (a/JtjSawj, from a, neg., and 0£0atos, *firm,') htfirm'ua. Deb' ilia. Weak,infirm,unsteady. Abeille, (from apicula, dim.of apia, ' a bee.') Bee. Abelme'luch. One of the names of the Ricinus, according to some authors. — Prosper Alpinus says that a tree, which grows about Mecca, is so called. Its seeds, which are black and oblong, are ■aid to be a most violent cathartic. A'belmosch, Hibiscus abelmoschus. AbelmOBch'us, Hibiscus abelmoschus — a. Es- culontuH, Hibiscus esculentus — a. Moschatus, HibiHcus abelnjoHchus.
A'belmusk, Hibiscus abelmoschus. Abeusberg, Min'eral Wa'ters of. A. is a city of Bavaria, where tboro is a cold, sulphureous spring.
Abemethy, Sarcoma of. Boo Sarcoma, Vas- cular.
Aberra'tio, gen. Aberratio'nia, Aberration — : a. Lactis, Galactoplania — a. Loci, Heterotopia — a. Mensium sen Menstruorum, Menstruation, vicarious — a. Temporis, Heteioehronia.
Aberra'tion, Aberra' tio,{f rom ab and e/^are, * to stray,' *to wander from.') This word has several meanings. 1. The passage of a fluid of the living body into an order of vessels not destined for it. In this sense it is synonymous with the Error Loci of Bocrhaave. 2. The flow of a fluid towards an organ different from that to which it is ordinarily directed ; as in cases of vicarious hemorrhage. Aberrations of sense or judgment are certain errors in the perceptions, or certain derangements of the intellectual faculties. In optics it designates the dispersion of the rays of light in passing through a lens.
Aberra'tion, Chromat'ic, Aberration of Re- frangibility — a. Distan'tial, see Aberra'tion of Spheric'ity.
Aberra'tion op Refrangibil'itt, Chromatic aberra'tion. Error of disper'aion, (F.) Aberration de Befrangibiliti, Chromatiame^ exists, when, as in a common lens, the rays that pass near the cir- cumference of the lens are decomposed, so that a colored image is observed. This aberration in the human eye is corrected by the iris, which does not permit the rays to fall near the circumference of the lens, and also by the crystalline lens itself, which, owing to its structure, serves the purposes of an achromatic glass.
Aberra'tion of Spheric"ity, or Spher'ical Aberra'tion, takes place when the rays, as in a common lens, which pass through the centre of the lens, and those which pass near the circumfer- ence, are unequally refracted, so that they do not meet at a common focus. This aberration of sphericity in the human eye is corrected by the iris and lens. The defect arising from imperfect adjustment of the focus is known as distan'tial aberra'tion.
Abessi, Realgar.
Abevacua'tio, gen. Abevacuatio'nis,Apoceno'8i8, (ab, and evacuare, ' to empty.') An evacuation. A partial or imperfect evacuation. By some it is applied to an immoderate evacuation. See Apo- cenosis.
Abhal. A fruit well known in India, and ob- tained from a species of cypress. It passes for an emmenagogue.
A'bies, gen. Abi'etis, Pinus picea — a. Balsa- mea, Pinus balsamea — a. Balsamif'era, Pinus balsamea — a. Canadensis, Pinus Canadensis — a. Excelsa, see Pinus abies — a. Gallica, Pinus picea
— a. Larix, Pinus larix — a. Pectinata, Pinus picea
— a. Picea, Pinus picea — a. Rubra, Pinus abies. Ahietique, Terebinthinate.
Ab'iga, Ajuga, Teucrium Chamaspitys.
Abio'sis, (a, and /3toj, ' life,') Death.
Abio'tus, (a/3(a»ros,) Conium maculatum.
Abirrita'tion, Abirrila'tio, {ab, and irritatio, 'irritation.') This word strictly means absence or defect of irritation. The disciples of Broussais used it to indicate a pathological condition, oppo- site to that of irritation. It may be considered as synonymous with debility, asthenia, Ac
Ablacta'tio, {ab, and lactare, * to suckle.') Weaning.
Ablast'eS, {aPXaarris, from a, and PXaarog, *a bud,') Sterile.
Abla'tio {ab, and fcrro, latum, ' to take,') Ex- tirpation.
Abla'tion, Extirpation.
Ablepb'arus, (a, privative, and fiXctpapov, 'eye- lid.') One who has no eyelids.
Ableps'ia, {a^Xtrpia,) Cajoitas.
Abluen'tia, {abluere, — ab, and Ittere, — ' to wash,') Detergents.
Ab'luents, Detergents.
Ablu'tiou, Ablu'tio, Aponip'sis, Cataclys' mu*.
ABNOEMAL
ABRUS
5
A name given to legal ceremonies in which the body is subjected to particular aifusions. Ablu- tien (especially of the extremities) with cold or tenid water is employed, therapeutically, to re- duce febrile heat. Also, the washing by which medicines are separated from the extraneous mat- ters mixed with them.
Abnorm'al, (ab, and norma, 'rule.') Abnor- mous.
Abnormal'ity, Anomalia.
Abnorm'itas, Anomalia.
Abttorm'ity, Anomalia.
Abnorm'ouS) Abnorm'is, Enorm'iif, Abnor'mal, ^F.) AnormaL Not conformable to rule; irreg- ular.
Abolifion, Abolit"w, (ab, and lucre (?) *to wash.') Destruction or suppression. A word, often employed, especially by the French, to express the complete suspension of any symptom or function.
Aboma'SUS, Aboma'sunij Enys'tron, Ventric'- ulus intestinal' is, Ren'net, (Sc.) Roddikin, (F.) Caillette. The lowermost or fourth stomach of ruminating animals.
Abomina'tio, Disgust.
Ahondance, see Plethora.
Abor'sio, Abortion.
Abor'sus, gen. Abor'sHs, Abortion,
Abort', Abort' ri. To miscarry. (F.) Avorter.
Aborticid'iam, (abortus, and csedo, * I kill/) Foeticide.
Ahortif, Abortive.
Abortifa'ciens, (abortus, and /acfo, 'I make.') Abortive.
Abor'tion, Abor'tus, Abor'sus, Abor'sio, Dys- to'cia aborti'va, Omoto'cia, Paracye'sis abor'tus, Amblo'sis, Amblo'ma, Amblos'mus, Ec'bole, Em- bryotoc'ia, Diaph'thorn, Ectro'sis, Eji-aiiiblo'ma, Examblo' sis, Ectros'mus, Apopnlle'sis, Apopal'sis, Apopk'thora, Phtho'ra, Convnl'sio u'teri, Deper- di'tio, (F.) Avortemevt, Bfessure, Miscarriage; (from ab and oriri, ortum, ' to rise,' applied to that which has arisen out of season.) The ex- pulsion of the foetus before the seventh month of utero-gestation, or before it is viable. The causes are referable either to the mother, and particularly to the uterus ; or to the foetus and its dependencies. The causes, in the mother, may be: — extreme nervous susceptibility, great debility, plethora, faulty conformation, &q. ; and it is frequently in- duced immediately by intense mental emotion, violent exercise, &e. The causes seated in the foetus are its death, rupture of the membranes, <fcc. It most frequently occurs between the 8th and 12th weeks of gestation. The symptoms of abor- tion are : — uterine hemorrhage with or without flakes of decidua, with intermitting pain. When abortion has once taken place, it is extremely apt to recur in subsequent pregnancies about the same period. Some writers have called abortion, when it occurs prior to three months, EfflAtxion. The treatment must vary according to the constitution of the patient and the causes giving rise to it. In all cases, the horizontal posture and perfect quietude are indispensable.
Abortion is likewise applied to the product of an untimely birth, — Abor'tus, Abor'sus, Apoble'- ina, Apob'ole, Ecblo'ma, Amblothrid' ion, Ectro'ma, Fruc'tus immatu'rus, Abort'ment, (F.) Avorton, Avortin.
Abor'tive, Aborti'vus, Ecbol'ius, Amblo'ticvs, Amblothrid' ium, Ambol'icus, Phfhor'ius, Ajio- phthor'ius, Ectrot'icus, Abortifa'ciens, Acyte'rivs, Expel' lens, Phthiroc' tonus, Phtho roc' tonus, EoboV- icus, Gontrac'tor u'teri, Accelera'tor Partes, Par- tu'rient, Parturifa'cient, Ecbol'ie. (F.) Ahortif. A medicine to which is attributed the property of causing aoortion. There is probably no direct agent of the kind. See Ectrotic. Abort'ment, Abortion.
Abort'us, gen. Abortds, Abortion.
Ahmtchement, (bouche, 'mouth,') Anastomosis.
Aboula'za, a tree of Madagascar, used, accord- ing to Flacourt, in that country in diseases of the heart.
Aboutissement, (abovtir, ' to come to an end,* from botit, 'end,') Suppuration.
Aboi/euses, (aboyer, 'to bark.') See Convul- sionnaire.
A'brabaz, A'bracax, A'brasax, A'hraxas. A mystic term, expressing the number 365, to which the Cabalists attributed miraculous properties. A form of amulet.
Abracada'bra, Abrasada'bra, the name of a Syrian idol, according to Selden. This word, when pronounced and repeated in a certain form and a certain number of times, was supposed to have the power of curing fevers and preventing many diseases. It was figured on amulets and worn suspended around the neck.
ABRACADABRA
BRACADABRA
RACADABRA
ACADABRA
C A D A B R A
A DAB R A
D A B R A
A B R A
BRA
R A
A
Abracalan'. A cabalistic term to which th« Jews attributed the same virtue as to the word Abracadabra.
A'bracax, Abrabax.
A'braham Man. A name given, three centu- ries ago, to one who, for purposes of imposition, personated a ' Tom of Bedlam ' or vagrant lunatic.
To sham Abraham or Abram is now used for oi?« who feigns sickness or infirmity of any kind.
Abrasada'bra, Abracadabra.
A'brasax, Abrabax.
Abra'sio, gen. Abraaio'nis, Abrasion — a. Den- tium, Odontotripsis.
Abra'sion, Abra'sio, Aposyr'ma, Apoxys'mus, (Prov.) Fleck, (from abradere, — ab and radere, rasum, — ' to rasp.') A superficial excoriation, with loss of substance, under the form of small shreds, in the mucous membranes of the intestines, — (F.) Ba- clitres des Boyanx. Also, an ulceration of the skin, possessing similar characters. According to Vicq d'Azyr, the word has been used for the absorption of the molecules composing the various organs.
Abrathan', Artemisia abrotanum.
A'braxas, Abrabax.
Ahre, Abrus precatorius.
Abreviation, Abbreviation.
Atfricot, (from prtecox, 'precocious,') see Pru- nus Armeniaca — a. Sanvage, Mammea Ameri- cana.
Abiricotler, Prunus Armeniaca.
Abro'ma Angust'um. The root of this tree, which grows in India, is employed in dysmen- orrhoea.
Abro'sia, (a, and ^pcamg, 'food,') Abstinence.
Abrot'annni, [a^porovov,] Artemisia abrotanum — a. Cathsum, Artemisia abrotanum — a. Mas, Artemisia abrotanum.
Ahrotone, Artemisia abrotanum.
Abrotoni'tes, (a/Jporovirvj, — atvof, *wine,* un- derstood.) Wine impregnated with Artemisia Abrotanum or Southernwood.
Abrot'onum, (a^^orovov,) Artemisia Abrotanum.
Abrup'tio, gen. Abruptio'nis, (ab and runipere, ruptnm, ' to break,') see Abduction.
A'brus Precato'rius, (from a^po?, 'elegant.') Liq'uorice Bush, Bed Bean, Love pea, (F.) Abre, Liane d rSgliase, A small ornamental shrub.
6
ABS
ABSORPTION
found from Florida to Brazil, as well as in Egypt and the West Indies; A\it. Oid. Leguminosse ; Sex. Syst. Monadelphia Euneandria ; having beau- tiful scarlet seeds with a black spot. The roots and leaves are sweet mucilaginous demulcents. The seeds of the American kind are considered to be purgative and poisonous. They are employed to form rosaries, and hence called, in mockery, Jumble beads.
Abs, as a prefix, see A.
Ab'scess, (from abscedo, — abs, and cedere, — *I depart,' or 'separate from.') Abaces'ms, Abaces'- $io, Aphiste'ais, Aposte'ma, dim. Apostenia'tion, Ecpye'ma, Ecpye'sis, Jieces'sua, Absces'aion, Apoa'- tem, Jmpoa'thume, Impoa'tevi, Gath'ering, Ri'aing ; (Old Eng.) Apoatemacion, Ajjoat' hnme, (Sc.) Hat- trel, (Prov.) Goul, Numpoat, Poatime, Addle, (F.) Aheia, DepSt. A collection of ])us in a cavity, the result of a morbid process. See Pyogenia, and Suppuration.
The French have various distinctive terms for Abscesses. Abcia chaud, aiyu, aoudain, is one which follows violent inflammation. Abces froid, chronique, acrofuleux, — Cold, chronic, atrumoua, or acrofuloua abaceaa, — one which is the result of chronic or scrofulous inflammation. Abc^a par Gongeation, A. diatheaique, a symptomatic abscess; one which occurs in a part at a distance from the inflammation by which it is occasioned : e. g. a lumbar abscess, in which the inflammation may be in the lumbar vertebrae, whilst the pus exhibits itself at the groin.
Ab'sckss, Alve'olar, Parulis — a. of the Breast, Mastodynia Apostematosa — a. Chronic, see Ab- scess— a. Cold, see Abscess — a. Embolic, a. Me- tastatic.
Abscess, Fe'cal, Abaceaaua Stercoroaua. An abscess formed by the entrance of the contents of the bowel into a contiguous purulent cyst.
Abscess, Mam'mary, Mastodynia Apostematosa.
Absckss, Metastat'ic, Embolic Abaceaa, Abacea'- 8U8 metaatat'icua, (F.) Abc^a mHaatatique, A. con- secutif. An abscess which forms suddenly, and sometimes without any precursory signs of inflam- mation, in a part of the body remote from one in a state of suppuration, and without present- ing a sufiicient reason for its develojiment in the place which it occupies. It is a result of phle- bitis.
Abscess, Milk, Mastodynia Apostematosa — a. Per'forating, of the Lung, see Lung, perforating abscess of the — a. Perilaryngeal, see Perilaryn- gitis — a. Psoas, Lumbar abscess — a. Periuterine, see Periuterine — a. Pyaemic, see Pyohoemia.
Abscess, Resid'ual. A term applied by Paget to include all abscesses found in or about the res- idues of former inflammations, as in the adhe- sions, thickening, or other lowly organized pro- ducts of inflammation long past.
Abscess, Retropharynoe'al, see Retropharyn- geal— a. Shirtstud, Abcia en bouton de chemise
— a. Scrofulous, see Abscess — a. Subperiosteal, Bee Periostitis.
Abscess'io, Abscess.
Absoes'sion, Abscess.
Abscess'us, gen. Absceae'Ca, Abscess — a. Articuli, Pyarthrosis — a. Capitis Sanguineus Neonatorum, Cephalsematoma — a. Cerebri, Ence-
Shalopyosis — a. Qangraenescens, Anthrax — a. ^angrasnosus. Anthrax — a. Gingivarum, Parulis
— a. LactcuB, Mastodynia apostematosa — a. Lum- borum, Lumbar abscess — a. Mammae, Mastody- nia apostematosa — a. Metastaticus, Abscess, me- tastatic— a. Nucleatus, Furunculus — a. Oculi, Hypopyon — -.a. Pectoris, Empyema — a. Pulmo- nura, Pueumapostema — a. Kcnalis, Nephrapos- tasis — a. Spirituosus, Aneurism — a. Stercorosus, Abscess, fecal — a. Thorawis, Empyema — a. Uri- nalic, Urapostema — a. Urinosua, "Urapostema.
Absois'io, gen. Abaciaio'nia, Abscission.
Abscis'sio, Abscission — a. Praeputii, Circum- cision.
Abscis'sion, Abacia'io, Abacia'aio, (from ah- acidere or abacindere, * to cut off,') Apoc'ope, Apo- thrau'aiaj Diac'opS. Excision or extirpation of a part, especially of a soft part. Fracture or injury of soft parts, with loss of substance. Diminution, or loss of voice. Sudden and premature termina- tion of a disease.
Abscon'sio, gen. Abaconaio'nia, {aba, and ecm- dere, consum, ' to hide,') Sinus.
Absences, see Epilepsy.
Absinthe, see Artemisia absinthium. -
Absinth'ism, see Artemisia absinthium.
Abstnthi'teS, gen. Ahainthi'tae, {wpiv^inji,) Ap- ainthi'tea. Wine impregnated with Absinthium or Wormwood.
Absinthium, (Ph. TJ. S.,) {axpivhov,) Arte- misia absinthium — a, Marinum, Artemisia mari- tima — a. Maritimum, Artemisia maritima — a. Ponticum, Artemisia pontica — a. Romanum, Ar- temisia pontica — a. Santonicum, Artemisia san- tonica — a. Vulgare, Artemisia absinthium.
AhsM'bant, Absorbent.
KbsOTh' evX, Absorb' ena,{ixoTaabaorbere, — aJand aorbere, — *to drink, to suck up.') (F.) Absorb- ant. That which absorbs. A medicine used for absorbing acidity in the stomach and bowels, as magnesia, chalk, <fec. Jnver'tena, Reaor'bena, Sat'- urana, Prsecip'itans. Also, any substance, such as cobweb, sponge, Ac, which, when applied to a bleeding surface, retains the blood, and forms with it a solid and adhesive compound, which arrests the hemorrhage.
Absorb'ent Syst'em is the collection of vessels, Vaaa abaorben'tia seu resorben'tla, and glands, which concur in the exercise of absorption.
Absorp'tio, gen. Absorptio'nia, Absorption — a. Sanguinis, Haemorrhophesis.
Absorp'tion, (same etymon as Absorbent), ^6- aorp'tio, Jteaorp'tio, Inhala' do, Imbibit"io, Anar'- rhophe, Anarrophe'aia, Catapino'aia, Rhoehde'aiSf Gatarrhojihe' ais, Gatar'rhophe. The function of absorbent vessels, by virtue of which they take up substances from without or within the body. Two great divisions have been made of this function.
1. External abaorption, or the abaorption of com-' poaition, which obtains, from without the organs, the materials intended for their composition ; and,
2. Internal or decompoaing abaorption, or the ab- 8or])tion of decompoaition, which takes up from the organs the materials that have to be replaced.
By external abaorption is meant not only that which takes place at the external surface of the body, but also that of the mucous membranes of the digestive and respiratory passages. Hence, again, the division of external absorption into c«- ta'neoua — reaorp'tio cuta'nea seu cu'tia, inhala' tio cu'tia, — intea'tinal or digea'tive, and pulmonary or rea'piratoi'y.
Internal absorption is also subdivided into, 1. Molec'ular or interatit"ial, nu'tritive, organ'ic, or decompo'sing, which takes up from each organ the materials that constitute it, so that the decom- position is always in equilibrio with the deposi- tion. 2. The absorption of recr€inentit"ial aecre'ted Jlu'ida, such as the fluid of serous membranes, synovia, <fcc. As these are constantly exhaled on surfaces which have no external outlet, they would augment indefinitely if absorption did not remove them in the same proportion as that in which they are deposited. 3. The absorption of a part of the excrement! I" ial aecre'ted jhi'ids, as they pass over the excretory passages.
The great agents of external absorption are the veins and chyliferous vessels; of internal absorp- tion, probably the lymphatics. In the chyliferous vessels and lymphatics the fluid is always found to po8ses.i the same general properties. In them, thcrefor«, an action of elaboration or selection
ABSORPTION
ACARDIONERVIA
must have taken place. The veins, on the other hand, seem to exert no selection. Any fluid, pos- sessing the necessary tenuity, passes through the coats of the vessel readily by imbibition, and pro- ceeds along with the torrent of the circulation. Watery fluids in this manner enter the blood when they are taken into the stomach. Substances that require digestion, on the other hand, may pass through the chyliferous vessels and thoracic duct. Absorp'tion of Composit'ion, see Absorption — a. Cutaneous, see Absorption — a. Decomposing, see Absorption — a. of Decomposition, see Ab- sorption — a. Digestive, see Absorption.
Absorp'tion, Disjunctive. The absorption of the living part of a tissue, in immediate connec- tion with a dead portion ; the latter being thus detached, as in the separation of a slough.
Absorp'tion of Excrementitial Secreted Fluids, see Absorption — a. External, see Ab- sorption — a. Internal, see Absorption — a. In- terstitial, see Absorption — a. Intestinal, see Ab- sorption — a. Molecular, see Absorption — a. Nutritive, see Absorption — a. Organic, see Ab- sorption.
Absorp'tion, Progressive. A form of absorp- tion, often apparently caused by the interference of pressure with the nutrition of a part, as of a deep-seated tumour approaching the surface, and inducing the absorption of the interposed structures.
Absorp'tion, Pulmonary, see Absorption — a. of Recrementitial Secreted Fluids, see Absorption — a. Respiratory, see Absorption. Ahst^vnef Abstemious.
Abste'mious, Abate'mins, Aoi'noa, (from aba and temetum, 'wine.') (F.) Absthne. Used by the ancient writers, as well as by the French, in the sense only of its roots; one who abstains from wine or fermented liquors in general.
Abstergen'tia, {aba and tergere, teraum, 'to clean,') Detergents.
Abstersi'va, Detergents. Absterso'ria, Detergents.
Ab'stinence, Abatinen'tia, — (from aba and te- nere, *to hold,') — Abros'ia, Aait'ia, Liman'chia, Faating. Privation, usually voluntary, as abati- nence from drink, &c., but more particularly of •ertain articles of food. Fasting is a useful re- medial agent in certain diseases, particularly in those of an inflammatory character.
Ab'sus, a kind of cassia, C. Abaiia, which grows in Egypt and in India, the seeds of which, pul- verized and mixed with powdered sugar, have been employed as a dry collyrium, in the endemic ophthalmia of Egypt.
Abu'lia, (a^ovXia, from a, and ^ovXt], 'will.') Loss of the will, or of volition.
Abulicus. One who has lost the power of will or of volition.
Abus de Soi-Meme, ('abuse of one's self,') Masturbation. Abu'ta, (a Guiana name,) Pareira brava. Abu'tilon Avicen'nae, A.Gorda'tum, Si'daAbu- tilon, In'dian or Yel'low Mal'low, Vel'vet leaf; Order, Malvaceae, (a, 'privative,' ^ovg, 'an ox,' and nXos, * diarrhoea,* that is ' a remedy for the diarrhoea of cattle;') is naturalized, and common in most parts of the United States. Like com- mon mallow, it is mucilaginous and demulcent. Abutilon Cordatum, A. Avicennee. Abvacua'tio, (from ab, and vacuare, vacnatum, * to empty.') An excessive or colliquative evacu- ation of any kind.
Ac, as a prefix, same as Ad. Aca'cia (Ph. U. S.), Acacise gummi (Ph. B.)— G. Aca'cise Arab'icse, G. Mimo'aie, O. Arab'icum, G. Acanth'inum, G. Leu'cum, G. Theba'icnm, G. Serapio'nia, G. Lamac, G. Sen'ega or Sen'eca, (see Senegal, gum,) Gum Ar'abic, (F.) Gomme Ara- btque. The gum of the tree Aca'cia seu Mimo'sa
Niloi'ica, Aca'cia ve'ra, Spi'na u^gypii'aca, of Upper Egypt, Nat. Ord. Mimoseae, Sex. Syat. Polygamia Monoecia, (from aKri, ' a point,' so called in consequence of the spines.) — A gummy exu- dation from Acacia Vera and other species of acacia, (Ph. U. S., 1873.) It is in irregular pieces, colorless, or of a pale yellow color, hard, brittle, of a shining fracture, transparent, soluble in water, and insoluble in alcohol, s. g. 1*4317.
It is mucilaginous ; but is chiefly used in phar- macy. Sometimes it is administered alone as a demulcent. See Arabin.
Acacia Hor'rida and A. Giraf'fse, of South Africa, yield a good gum. — Gum Pectoral is mad* by dissolving equal parts of gum arable and sugar in water, and evaporating. — Gum Water (F.) Eau de Gomme, is a solution of gum arable in water.
Acacia Catechu, Catechu — a. False, Robinia pseudo-acacia — a. Germanica, see Prunus spinosa — a. Girafi"ae, see Acacia — a. Horrida, see Acacia — a. Indica, Tamarindus — a. Nilotica,see Acacia — a. Nostras, see Prunus spinosa — a. Senegal, ses Senegal, gum — a. Vera, see Acacia — a. Zeylonica, Hasmatoxylon Campechianum.
Aoa'ciae Guxn'mi, Aca'cia.
Acajou, (of Indian origin,) see Anacardiumi acajah, Akasga.
Acaju'ba Officina'lis, Anacardium occidentale.
Acal'ypha Betuli'na, (a, 'privative,' kuXos, 'beautiful,' and i^pn, 'touch,' 'disagreeable to the touch,') Can' da fe'lis agres'tia. An infusion of the leaves is employed by the natives of India as a stomachic and in cholera.
Acal'ypha Hisp'iDA, Caturus spiciflorus.
Acal'ypha In'dica, Ciipameiii; Orrfer, Euphor- biaceae. A common annual in the gardens of India. An infusion of the root and a decoction of the leaves are cathartic.
Acal'ypha Virgin'ica, Three-aeeded mer'cury, indigenous, flowering in August, is said to have expectorant and diuretic properties.
Aoam'atus, (a, and kuhvw, 'I labor.') This word has been sometimes used for one of a good constitution of the body. According to Galen, it means that position in which a limb is inter- mediate between flexion and extension ; a posi- tion which may be lung maintained without fa- tigue.
Acamps'ia, {aKanipia, from a, and Kafupn, ' flex- ion,') Contractura,
Ac'anos, {oKaws, * a prickle,) Onopordon acan- thium — a. Spina, Onopordon acanthiiim.
Acanth'a, {oKav^a, ' a spine or thorn,') Ver- tebral column. Also, Spinous process of a ver- tebra.
Acanthab'olus, Acan'thulus. Acanthav'ola, Yol- ael'la, {aKav&a, 'a spine,' and /JuAAw, 'I cast out.') A kind of forceps for removing extraneous sub- stances from wounds.
Acanthalzu'ca, Echinops.
Acanthav'ola, Acanthabolus.
Acanthe JF'au.tse, Ileracleum spondylium.
Acanth'ia Lectula'ria, Cimex.
Acanth'ium, Onopordon acanthium.
Acanth'ulus, Acanthabolus.
Acanth'us Mollis, (aKav&oi, — from axav^a, *a spine or thorn.') 3lehiniphyl'lum, Jiran'ca ur- ai'ua seu ve'ra, Brankur'aine, Bear'a Breech. (F.) Pied d'oura. This plant is mucilaginous like Althaea, and is used as a demulcent.
Acapat'li, Piper longum.
Acar'dia, (a, and Kopiia, ' the heart.') The state of a foetus without a heart.
AcardiohaB'mia, (F.) AcnrdioMmie, (a, Kapiia^ 'heart,' and itna, ' blood.') Want of blood in the heart.
Acardioner'via, (F.) Acardionervje : (a, KapSia, 'heart,' and vevpov, 'nerve.') Want of nervoua action in the heart as indicated by the souudg ceasing to be audible.
8
ACARDIOTROPHIA
ACCOUTUMANCE
Acardiotroph'ia, («, Kapha, 'heart,' and rfxypri, 'nourishment,') Heart, atrophy of the.
Acare, Acarus.
Ac'aricide, Acarici'da, {acaru», and cfjedere, *to kill.') A destroyer of acari, — as of the acarus Bcabiei.
Aoarico'ba. The Brazilian name for Hydro- tot'yle umbella'tum, used by the Indians as an aromatic, alexipharmic, and emetic.
Ac'aron, {aKapm, 'small, short,') Myrica gale.
Acarp'se, (a, and Kapmi, 'fruit.') A division of the family of cutaneous diseases by Fuchs, in which there is no " fruit," (Germ. Frucht,) or pro- duction from the cutaneous surface — tubercles, vesicles or pustules. Lentigo, Chloasma, Argyria, and Pityriasis belong to it.
Ao'arus," (a, and Kapvs, ' divisible.*) (F.) Acare. A minute insect, one species of which, AcnruH Sca'biei, has been noticed, by many observers, in the itch.
Ac'arus Ci'ro, see Psora — a. Comedonum, Acarus Folliculorum.
Ac'arus Folliculo'bum, a. Comedo'num, En- iozo'on seu De'modex seu Simo'nea sen Steatozo'- on folliculo' ruvi, Macrogas'ter plnt'ypus. An ar- ticulated animalcule, discovered in the sebaceous substance of the cutaneous follicles. According to Professor Owen, it belongs to the Arachnida. See Parasites.
Ac'auus Sca'biei, Acarus, see Psora.
Acatalep'sia, {aKaraXrfipia, from o, and Kara\an- fiavia, ' I comprehend.') Uncertainty in diagnosis. Its opposite is Catalepsia.
Acat'alis, see Juniperus communis.
Acatap'osis, (a, and KuTa-mxrig, ' deglutition.') Incapacity of swallowing. Difficulty of degluti- tion.
Acatastat'ic, Acatastat'uus, (a, and Ka^iffTtim, ♦to determine.') An epithet given to fevers, &c., when irregular in their periods or symptoms.
Acate'ra, see Juniperus communis.
Acathar'sia, (a, and Ka^aiiu^ia, ' I purge,') Sor- des, Impurities. Omission of a purgative.
Acatsjaval'li, An astringent and aromatic Mal- abar plant. A bath of it is used in that country in hemicrania. It is supposed to be the Cassy'tha filiform'ia of Linnaeus,
Acawe'ria, Ophioxylum.
Accahlement, Torpor.
Accelerateur de I'Urine, {ac, and celer, 'quick,') Accelerator urinte.
Accelera'tor (gen. Accelerato'Hs) Par'tus, Abortive.
Accelkra'tor URi'ViE, Bulhocnverno' 8m, Bul- bourethral (Ch.), EjaciUa'tor Sein'inis, Comprea'- 8or bul'bi, Bul'buUretra'lia, A'nocaverno'sna (F.) BulboHyndeHmo-cavertieux, Av.celeratenr de I'ni-ine, Bulbo-caverneux^ Ano-caverneux. A muscle of the penis, which arises, fleshy, from the sphincter ani and membranous part of the urethra, and tendinous, from the crus and beginning of the corpus cavcrnosum penis. In its course it forms a thin, fleshy layer, th© inferior fibres of which run more transversely than the superior, which descend in an oblique direction ; the muscles of both sides completely enclosing the bulb of the urethra. It is inserted into its fellow by a tendi- nous lino running longitudinally on the middle of the bulb. Its use is to propel the urine or semen forwards.
Ao'cent, So'nua vo'cig, (ad and canere, cantum, * to sing.') Inflection or modification of the voice, which consists in raising or dropping it on certain syllables. It exhibits various alterations in dis- ease.
Aeeig, Accession, Attack, Paroxysm.
Ac'cess, Accession, Attack, Paroxysm.
Acces'sion^ AcveH'nio, (F.) Acc^.H, (from accedo, accessuji'., — ac and cedere, — * to approach.') The intrasioD, approaoh, or commencement of a disease.
Aecessoire, Accessory — a. du long FUchiaacttr commun dea orteih, see Flexor longus digitorum pedis profundus perforans (accessorius) — u. de I'Obturateur interne, Ischiotrochanterianus — a. du Pied d' Hippocampe, see Cornu ammonis — a. du Sacro-lombuire, see Sacrolumbar.
Accesso'rius, Accessory — a. Flexoris Longi Digitorum Pedis, see Flexor longus digitorum pedis profundus perforans (accessorius) — a. Pedis hippocampi, see Cornu ammonis — a. ad Sacro- lumbalem, see Sacro-lumbar.
Ac'cessory, Accenso'rina, (F.) Aceeasoire, An- nexe. A consequence or dependence on any thing ; as accessory Itgnvieut, muscle, nerve, &G.
Ac'cEssoKY OF THE Parot'id is a name given by Haller to a small gland, which accompanies the parotid duct, and is commonly a mere pro- longation of the parotid itself. See Parotid.
Ac'cessory Sci'ences to Med'icine are those which do not relate directly to the science of man in a state of health or disease; as physics, chemistry, <fcc.
Ac'cessory op the Par Va'gum, Spinal nerve.
Access'us, gen. Acces'sus, Coition, Paroxysm.
Ac'cidens, gen. Acciden'tia, (from accidere, — ac and cadere — 'to happen.') Symptom, Acci- dent— a. Consecniifs, Consecutive phenomena.
Ac'cident, Ac'cidens. A casualty; an unfore- seen event. The French — like older English writers — use the term in nearly the same sense as aymptom ; also an unexpected symptom.
Acciden'tal, Adventitious. That which hap- pens unexpectedly. See Tissue, Accidental.
Accip'iter, gen. Accip'itria, Hi'erax, 'the hawk,' (from accipere, — ac and ctjpio, — 'to take.') 3Ie- nec'ratis Accip'iter, (F.) Ejjervier. A bandage applied over the nose, so called from its likeness to the claw of a hawk.
Accli'mated, Acdi'matised, Cli'mati aaaue'tus, {ac, and clima, ' climate.') Accustomed to a cli- mate. A word of modern introduction from the French.
Acclhnatation, Acclimation.
Acclimateinent, Acclimation.
Acclima'tioil, AccHma'tio, Clima'tion, Seaa'- oning, (F.) Acclimatement, Acclimatation, Accli- matisation. The act of becomiug acclimated or accustomed to a climate.
The constitution of a person, who goes to live in another and a very diff'erent climate, usually experiences changes, frequently of an unfavor- able character, the study of which is of consider-' able importance in medicine.
Acclimatisa'tion, Acclimation.
Acdi'matised, Acclimated.
Acconipaffnenient de la Cataracte, Accom^ paniment to the cataract.
Accom'pauiment, Adjunc'tum, (F.) Accom- pagnetneiit, (ac, and conipagnon, ' an associate.') That which is joined to any thing.
Accont' pan intent to the cnt'aract, (F.) Acconi' pngnement de la cataracte, is a whitish, viscid substance, which sometimes surrounds the opaque crystalline lens, and remains after the operation for cataract, causing a secondary cataract.
Accmichee, {ac, and couche, ' a bed.') Puerpera.
Accouchement, Parturition — a. contre Nature, see Presentation, preternatural — a. Laborieux, Laborious labor, Dystocia — a. Provoque, see Parturition.
Accoucheur, Adju'tor Par'tda, Obstet'ricano, Obstetric" ius, Maie'n'ter, Maieu'tes. One who pi iu-- tises the art of midwifery. A physician Accouch- eur, a burgeon Accoucheur, a Man-midwife, Ob- atetriat, &c.
Accmichcuae, Midwife.
Accouplcment, {ac, and coupler, 'to couple.') Coition.
Accotitunuince, {ac, and coutume, 'custom.') Habit.
ACCRETION
ACETABULUM
Accre'tion, Accre'Ho, {ac, and crescere, 'to in- crease;') Augmentation; (F.) Accroisaement ; in- crease by juxtaposition.
A-Ccroissetnent, {ac, and croiasance, 'growth.') Accretion, Increase.
Accu'bitUS, gen. Accn'MtHs, (from accubo, — ac, and cubo, ' I lie ' — ' I lie by the side of.') Of old, the lying of a person with another, as where a young person was placed in bed with an old one, or a healthy person with one that was sick.
Accusa'tio, {ac, and causa, ' cause.') Indication.
Ace'dia, {aKt}5eia, and aKtjSia, — a, and Krj&ii, 'care.') Incu'ria. Want of care, neglect, fa- tigue.
Acel'la, Axilla.
Aceogno'sia, {aKeojiat, 'I cure,' and yuuiais, 'knowledge.') Pharmacognosia.
Aceolog"ia, {aKtOfiat, and Aoyoj, 'a discourse.') Materia Medica.
Acephale, Acephalus.
AcephalhSB'mia, (F.) AcephalhSmie, {ncephalo, and aiixa, 'blood.') Want of blood in the ence- phalon.
Acephal'ia, see Acephalus.
AcepJialie, see Acephalus.
Aceph'alo, (from a, privative, and kkPoXti, 'head,') in composition, devoid of head.
Acephalobra'chus, {acephalo, and ^pa^Kov, 'arm.') A foetus without head or arms.
Acephalocar'dia, {acephalo, and Kapdia, ' heart.') Monstrosity in which there is absence of head and heart.
Acephalochi'rus, {acephalo, and xtip, 'hand.') A foetus without head or hands.
Aceph'alocyst, Acephalocyst'is, (F.) Aceph'do- eyate, {acephalo, and Kvariq, ' bladder.') An hy- datiform vesicle, without head or visible organs, ranked among the Entozoa, although possessed of few animated characteristics. In no organ of the body are acephalocysts so frequently found as in the liver. Generally it is the 'multiple aceph- alocyst,' Acephalocyst' is socia'lta seu prolif'era, which is met with. At times, however, it is the 'solitary acephalocyst,* A. eremi'tn sou ster'ilis.
The acephalocyiitis endog"ena, Pillbox hydatid, has a firm coat, and is composed of different lay- ers, which have numbers of smaller hydatids with- in them, and are thrown off from the interior of the parent cyst. In the A. €xog"ena of ruminant animals, the young vesicles are developed from the exterior of the parent vesicles. — See Hydatid.
Acephalocyst'is, Acephalocyst— a. Endogena, a. Eremita, and a. Exogena, see Acephalocyst, and Parasites — a. Multifida, see Parasites — a. Proli- fera, a. Socialis, and a. Sterilis, see Acephalocyst.
Acephalo gas 'ter, gen. Acephalogas' tri8,Athoni ■ coceph'alus, {acephalo, and yaaTtip, 'the belly.') A monster devoid of head, chest, and abdomen ; or having an abdomen, but no chest or head.
Acephalopo'dia, see Acephalopodus.
Acephalop'odus, {acephalo, and irovg, gen. mchg, 'foot.') A monster devoid of head and feet. The condition is called Acephalopo'dia.
Acephalora'chia, {acephalo, and ^axtg, 'spine.') Monstrosity in which there is absence of head and spine.
Acephalos'toma, gen. Acephalo stom' ati a, (from acephalo, and 0T»/<a, 'mouth.') An acephalous foetus, at the upper part of which there is an opening resembling a mouth.
Acephalothora'cia, {acephalo, and ^wpa^, gen. ^(apoKos, ' thorax.') Monstrosity in which there is absence of head and chest.
Aoephalotho'rus, (rfcep^a^o, and^upaf 'chest,') Apectocej)h' alas. A monster devoid of head or ehest.
Aoeph'alus, {oKctpaXog, from a, andwi^aXiy, 'head.') Acephalous. (F.) Acephale. A monster born de- void of head. The condition is called Acepha'lia, (F.) Acephalie.
A'cer, gen. A'ceria, Acrid. A'cER Palmifo'lium, {acer, 'the maple,') A. Saccharinum.
A'CBR Pennsylva'nicttm, Stri'ped Ma'ple, Stri'ped Dog' wood. A decoction of the bark has been used internally and externally in cutaneous affections ; and of the leaves and twigs to relieve nausea and vomiting.
A'cEU Ru'brum, Red Ma'ple ; Indigenous. The inner bark is a mild astringent. The Indians use a decoction of it for sore eyes.
A'CER Sacchari'num, a. palmifo'lium, Ma'ple, Sugar ])Iaple. {¥.) Arable ; Ord., Aoerdcese. This tree contains a large amount of sweet sap, whence a considerable quantity of sugar may be extract- ed, which, when purified, can scarcely be distin- guished from that obtained from the cane. — See Saccharum.
Acera'tes Longifo'lia, Long - leaved green 31 i Ik-weed ; Order, Asclepiadaceae ; indigenous, flowering in June and July; has the properties of the order. — See Asclepias.
Acerato'sis, (a, privative, and «pas, gen. KEpa-rog, 'horn.') Defective development of the corneous tissue.
Acerh', Acer'bu8,Stryph'7i08, (from acer, 'sharp.') A savor, or taste, compounded of the acid, bitter, and astringent; such as is met with in unripo fruits, &G.
Acer'cus, (a, privative, and wpwf, ' a tail.') A monster devoid of tail.
Ace'rides, Acero'dea, {a, priv,, and Kr,pog, ' wax.') Plasters devoid of wax.
Acero'des, Acerides.
Aoero'SUS, Achyro'dea, {axvpov, 'chaff.') Pity- \ ri'nua, Furfura' ceous. An epithet used by Hip- I pocrates for the coarsest bread, made of flour not separated from the chaff.
Aoerv'uli Glan'dulae Pinea'lis. See Pineal Gland.
Acerv'ulus Cer'ebri, (dim. of acervua, 'aheap.') See Pineal Gland.
Aces'cency, Aceacen'tia, {aceacere, 'to grow sour,' — oKig, ' a point,' acer, 'sharp.') A disposi- tion to acidity. The humorists believed that the animal humors are susceptible of this change.
Ace'sia, {aKstm,) Cure.
Acesi'noSUS, {oKcan'Oaog,) Curative.
A'cesis, (a/f£(Tfs,) Curatio, Cure, Medicament.
Acesm'a, gen. Aces' watia, {aKzana,) Medicament,
Acesm'ius, {aKeaiuo^,) Curable.
Acesm'us, {oKCJuog,) Cure.
Aces'odynes, {aKtuii, 'cure,' and oftvvri, 'pain,') Anodyne.
Acesod'ynus, Anodyne.
Acesoph'orus, (a/cemj, ' cure,' and 0£pw, ' I carry,') Curative.
Acest'er, gen. Aceate'ria, {aKearrip,) Physician.
Acest'is, Medicament.
Acest'or, Physician.
Acesto'ria, {aKcanpta,) Medicina.
Acest'oris, gen. Aeeator'idia, (o/ctoropff,) Midwife.
Acest'os, {aKECTTog,) Curable.
Acest'ra, {oKsuTpa,) Needle.
Acest'ria, {aKearpia,) Midwife.
Acest'ris, gen. Acea'tridia, {oKEtrrpig,) Midwife.
Acest'rum, {aKcrrrpov,) Medicament.
Ace'ta Medica'ta, Acetica.
Acetab'ula Uteri'na, (pi. of acetabulum,) Co- tyledons.
Acetabule, Acetabulum.
Acetab'ulum, (F.) Acetahule (from ncetum, be- cause it resembles the old vinegar vessel oxy- baph'ion.) A measure capable of containing the eighth part of a modern pint. — Athenacus. Galen See Cotyloid. According to Castclli, the lobes or cotyledons of the placentae of ruminating animals have been so called, acetabuln.
Acetab'ulum, Cotyle, see Cotyloid — a. Humeri, see Glenoid — a. Marinum, Umbilicus marinut.
10
ACETAEIA
Aceta'ria, (from acetum.) A salad or pickle.
Ace'tas, Acetate.
Ac"etate, -Ace'fas. (F.) Acetate. A salt formed by the union of acetic acid with an alkaline, earthy, or metallic base. The acetates chiefly used in medicine are the acetates of ammonia, lead, potash, and zinc. See Ammonias Acetas, Plumbi Acetas, Ac.
Acetic Acid, Aceticum Acidum — a. Ether, see ^ther Sulphuricus, and Anajsthetic.
Ace'tica, Ace'ta Medica'ta. (F.) Vinaigrea Medicinaux. Pharmaceutical preparations of vinegar.
Ace'ticnm Ac"id'am, Acidum Ace'ticum glacinle (Ph. B., 1867) seu for' tins seu for'te seu pu'rum, Ace'ttim radica'le, Ox'us, Glacial Ace'tic Acid, Strong Ace'toua Acid, Acidum A ceto' awn for'te, Rad'ical Vin'egar. Spir'itua Ven'eris, and Spirit of Verdigria, when made from verdigris, (F.) Vinaigre Radical. Concentrated acetic acid, prepared by decomposing an acetate and receiv- ing the acetia acid by distillation, has a very pungent and grateful odor, and an acid and acrid taste. Its s. g. is 1*065, and it is very vola- tile. It is rubefacient and escharotic, and is used to destroy warts, <fec.
Acidum Ackticvsi, Acetic Acid, — sp. gr. 1'047 (Ph. U. S., 1873), and 1-044 (Ph. B.,1867),— results from the purification of the crude acetic 2i.c\d,pyro- ligueoua acid, obtaine'd by the destructive distilla- tion of wood. It is a colorless volatile liquid of a pungent smell and sharp taste. Its vapor is stimulating in syncope, headache, <fec., and when the acid is diluted sufficiently, it is refrigerant and diaphoretic. It has been employed also as a local remedy in cancer.
An Aromat'ic Spir'it of Vin'egar, Ac"tdiim Ace'ticnm Camjihora' turn, A. aceto'aum camphora'- tum, is formed of this strong acid, f^x., Camphor, ^j.. Alcohol, f^j.
A strong Acetic Acid was formerly ordered by the London pharmacopoeia, prepared from wood. It was called Vinegar of wood, Imjiroved distilled Vinegar, Pyrolig'neoua Acid, Acetum Ligno'rum, and its strength was such, that 87 gr. of crys- tallized subcarbonate of soda should saturate 100 grains of the acid.
Ac"idum Ace'ticum Dilu'tum, A. A. ien'ue seu dehil'iua, Acetum deatilla'tum, Acidum aceticum, Acidum Aceto'aum deatilla'tum, Distil' led vin'egar, (F.) Acide Acetique faible, Vinaigre distills, is prepared by distilling vinegar, until seven-eighths have passed over. An Acidum aceticum dilutum, Diluted acetic acid, is made by mixing a pint of the strong acetic acid with seven pints of distilled water. — Ph. U. S., 1873. Its properties are like those of vinegar.
Ace'ticum Martia'lS, Ferri Acetas.
Acetolatf (from acetum.) A liquid medicine resulting from the distillation of vinegar on one or more aromatic vegetable substances, and which are formed of vinegar and essential oils, or other volatile principles.
Acdtolature. A tincture formed by digesting a vegetable substance or substances in vinegar.
AcAtole, OxMS. A medicine, formed of distilled vinegar and medicinal principles dissolved in it.
AcHorufl, Oxyuiel.
Acetonae'xnia. iSco Acetone.
Ao"etone, Ac"eton, (from acetate,) Spir'itua pj/roacc't'icua, S. lignoaua, uEther Lignoaua, Pyn/dri-'tic spirit, Pyro'dce'tic E'ther, Meait'ic Al'cohol, Bihy'drate of Mcait'ylene, (F.) Ac4toiie ; erroneously called Naph'tha and Wood Naphtha. By some, the terms are applied to Pyroxyl'ic Spirit. A limpid, colorless liquid, having a pe- culiarly penetrating and slightly empyreumatio ndor. lis denHity in the liquid state is almost the same as that of alcohol. 0-7921. Its taste is Aisagreeable, and analogous to that of pepper-
ACETUM
mint. It is miscible in all proportions with wa- ter, alcohol, and ether. It may be prepared by distilling a mixture of two parts of crystallized acetate of lead and one part of quicklime in a salt-glaze jar (gray-beard), the lower part of the jar being coated with fire-clay; and a bent glass tube, half an inch in diameter, adapted to the mouth by a cork, so as to form a distillatory ap- paratus. The jar is supported on the mouth of a small furnace, by which the lower part only is heated to redness, and the vapors are conducted into a Liebig's condenser. The product is re- peatedly redistilled from quicklime, until its boil- ing point is constant at 132°. The term Aceto- nsemia has been applied to a morbid condition arising from the spontaneous development of ace> tone in the system.
It was brought forward as a remedy in phthisis, but evidently with unfounded pretensions. It is an excitant, and may be serviceable in chronic bronchitis. The dose is ten to forty drops three times a day, diluted with water.
Aceto'sa Alpi'na, Rumex alpinus — a. Nos- tras, Rumex acetosus — a. Pratensis, Rumex ace- tosus — a. Romana, Rumex scutatus — a. Rotundi- folia, Rumex scutatus — a. Scutata, Rumex scu" tatus — a. Vulgaris, Rumex acetosus.
Acetosel'la, Oxalis acctosella.
Ace'tum, Oxua, Acetum Vi'ni seu Britan'ni- cum seu Gal'licum seu Cru'dum seu Commu'ne, Acidum aceto'aum, A'legar, Acetzim Cerevis'ise, Com'mon Vin'egar, Eisel, (F.) Vinaigre ; (from aKig, 'point,' acer, * sharp.') A liquor obtained by the acetous fermentation. Vinegar has a pun- gent odor, and a pleasant acid taste. One fluid ounce of the Acetum of the United States Phar- macopoeia is saturated by about 35 grains of crys- tallized bicarbonate of soda. It is refrigerant in fevers; antiseptic, and antinarcotic. Dose, f3j. to f^ij. Externally, it is stimulant and discutient.
Vinegar Whey is made by stirring a small wine- glassful of vinegar, sweetened with a dessert- spoonful of sugar, in a pint of milh ; boiling for fifteen minutes, and straining. Like tamarind whey it is an agreeable drink in febrile afi'ections.
Ace'tum Aromat'icum, A. Theriaca'le seu quat'- uor fu'rum, Ac"idum Ace'ticum Aromat'icum, Thieves' Vin'egar, Vinegar of the four Thieves, Marseilles Vinegar, (F.) Vinaigre Aromatique, V. Antiseptique, V. dea quatre voleura, {Rorismarin. cacum. sice, Fol. Salvise, sing, ^j., Lavand. flor. sice. ^\y., Caryoph. eont. ^&^., Acid. Acet. Oij. Macerate 7 days, and filter. — Ph. E.) Odor, pungent and aromatic. Used as a perfume.
Ace'tum Britan'nicum, Acetum.
Ace'tum Canthar'idis, Vin'egar of Cantharides, (Cantharid. pulv. ^ij.. Acid. Acetic. Glacial, f^ij., Acid. Acetic, f^xviij. vel, q. s. Prepared by per- colation. Ph. Br., 1867.) It is used as a prompt vesicant.
Ace'tum Cebbvisije, Acetum.
Ace'tum Col'chici, Vin'egar of meadow saffron. {Colchic. rad. pulv. ^ij., Acid, acetic, dilut. vel Acet. destillat. Oij., Ph. U. S., 1863. It may also be made by displacement.) It has been dismissed from the Pharmacopoeia (1873). It is used as a diuretic, and also in gout. Dose, f^ss. to f^iss.
Ace'tum Commu'nE, Acetum — a. Crudum, Ace- tum— a. Destillatum, see Aceticum acidum — a. Gallicum, Acetum — a. Lignorum, see Aceticum acidum.
Ace'tum Lobe'lIjE, Vin'egar of Lobelia. {Lohel. in moderately coarse powder, "^'w^Acid. acetic, di- lut. Oij. Made by percolation or maceration. — Ph. U. S., 1873.) Dose 30 to 60 drops and more.
Ace'tum Muls'um Dui/cft, Oxyglucus — a. Opii, Guttoe Nigroe — a. Plumbicum seu Saturninum, Liquor plumbi subacetatis — a. Quatuor furum, Acetum aromaticum — a. Radicale, Aceticum aci- dum — a. Rosatum, Oxyrrhodinon.
ACETUM
ACHROMA
11
Ace'tum SajTGUINA'ri^, Vin' erjar of Bloodroot. [Sanguinar. in moderately coarse powder, Jiv., Acid. acet. dil. Oij. Made by percolation ormace- ration. — Ph. U. S., 1873.) L>ose 30 to 60 drops and more.
Ace'tum Scil'l^, Ac"idum Ace'ticnm Scillit'- icnm, Vin'eijar of Squills, (F.) Vinaigre Scilli- tique, {Scillse contus. ^iv., Acet. desfillat. Oij., Ph. U. S., 1873. It may be made by maceration or percolation.) Diuretic, expectorant, and emetic. Dose, f^ss. to fjij. as a diuretic and expecto- rant. li Ace'tum Thebiaca'le, Acetum aromaticum.
Ace'tum Vini, Acetum.
Aceyte de Sal. A remedy for bronchocele used in S. America. Roulin found it to contain a por- tion of iodine.
Achaca'na. A species of cactus in Peru. Its root is fleshy and conical. It is a good edible, and is sold in the markets of the country.
Achahjhiiemie, {a, chalyhs, 'steel,' and hmxa, *^ blood.') Sec Chlorosis.
Achana'ca. A plant of the kingdom of Mely in Africa ; used by the natives as an anti-syphilitic.
Achaovan, a species of Egyptian chamomile. — Prosper Alpinus.
Achaovan-Abiat. The Egyptian name of Cine- ra'n'a marit'iinn, used in female diseases.
A'char, Atchar.
Ache, (avof, Sax. ace,) Pain.
Ache. Apium graveolens — a. dea Montagnea, Ligusticum levisticum.
Ache'bone, Innominatum os.
Acheil'la, Achi'Ua (a, and x"^^^' ' ^ip-') A mal- formation, consisting in a deficiency of a lip or lips.
Acheirus, Achi'iua, {a^ei^os.) One who is without lips.
A'cheir, gen. Acheir'ia, A cliir, De'manua, (axup, from a, and ^i^P, ' hand.') One devoid of hands.
Acheir'ia, Achi'ria, {axetpia.) The state of be- ing devoid of hands.
Achero'is, gen. Achero'idia, (axepwis, brought from Acheron,) Populus.
A'chia, A'chiar, A name given in India to the pickled shoots of the bamboo.
A'cHiA, Atchar.
A'chiar, Achia.
Achic'clum, Achit'olua, Hidrote'rion, Snda'- rium, For'uix, Tko'lus, Sudoto'rium, Su'datory, Sweat' inghouae, Sweat' ingbath. The aweattiig- room in the ancient bagnios. Sweating-baths have been called Hum'muDia, — a word said to be of Oriental origin. In the seventeenth century, they were known in England by the name of hot- hoaaea, and were much frequented, especially by the ladies.
Achi'lia, Acheilia.
Achillae'a. See Achillea Millefolium.
AcJulle, Tendon d', Achillis tendo.
Achille'a Age'ratum, (after Achilles,) A. via- co'aa, Balaami'ta fiemin'ea, Eupnto'rium Mea'uea, Age'ratum, Gna'tua horto'rum mi'nor, Maud'lin, Maud'Uii Tan'aey ; (F.) Achillee Viaqueuae ; Ord. Compositae ; Sex. Syst. Syngenesia Polygamia Superflua, — has the same bitter and aromatic properties as tansey, and is used in like affections.
Achille'a Atra'ta, Her'ba Gen'ipi ve'ri, (F.) Achillee Noire, has similar virtues,
Achille'a Millepo'lium, Achillea Myriophyl'- lon, Chryaoc'oma, Millefo' Hum, Chiliophyl'lon, Lum'bua Ven'eria, Com'mon Yar'roio or Mil'foil, (F.) Millefeuille, Herbe aux chnrpentiera. The herb and flowers, Achillea (Ph. U. S.), have an aromatic smell, and a rough, bitterish, somewhat pungent taste. They have been used in dyspep- sia, flatulence, hemorrhage, «fec. An extract of the plant, made with proof spirit, has been called Achillci'num ; and is used by the Italians in in- termittent fever. An acid, Achilleic acid, (F.) Acide Achilleiqne, has also been obtained from it.
Achille'a Moscha'ta, an Alpine plant, has been esteemed diaphoretic and vulnerary (?) A volatile oil, called Eaprit d' Ivn, is obtained from it in Switzerland, which is much prized for its musky odor. It is said, by Merat and De Lens, to be the Gen'ipi of the Savoyards, which is usu- ally referred to Artemisia rupestris.
Achille'a Myriophyl'lon, Achillea millefo- lium.
Achille'a Ptar'mica, Ptar'mica, P. Vulga'ria, Paendopy'rethrum, Pyrethrum aylves'tre, hrn'co aylvea'tria, Stermitamento' via, Dracun'culua Prn- ten'aia, Sneezewort, Baa'tard Pel'litory, (F.) Berbc d Hernuer. The roots and flowers have a hot, biting taste, approaching that of pyrethrum. Their principal use is as a masticatory and siala- gogue.
Achille'a Visco'sa, A. Ageratum.
Achillee JVoire, Achillea atrata — a. Viaquenae, Achillea ageratum.
AcMUein'um, see Achillea Millefolium.
Achille'is, gen. Achille'idia, (axiX^r/is.) A beautiful species of barley, mentioned by Theo- phrastus and Galen, called after Achilles, a la- borer. The decoction was used in fevers and jaundice.
Achil'les Tend'on, Achillis tendo.
Achille'um, Telephium.
AcMl'lis Ten'do, T. Achil'lea, Fu'nia Hippoe'- ratia, Cor'da sen Chor'da Ilippoc'ratia, Cor'da mng'na, Ner'vua la'tua. Ten' don of Achil'lea, Achill'ea ten'don, Heelatring, (F.) Tendon d' Achille. The strong tendon of the gastrocnemii muscles above the heel : so called, because it was the only vulnerable part of Achilles, or because of its strength. See Gastrocnemii.
Achi'lus, Acheilus.
Achimbassi. An archiater or chief of physi- cians. A name given, at Grand Cairo, to a magis- trate who licenses physicians.
A'chir, Acheir.
Achii'ria, Acheiria.
Achit'olus, Achicolum.
Ach'lys, (a,\:XDs, 'a cloud.') Caligo.
Achmel'la, Spilanthus acmella.
Ach'ne, {axvij.) Lint, see Linteum. Also, small mucous flocculi seen in front of the cornea.
Achol'ia, (a^oha, from a, and xoXv, * bile.') De- ficiency or want of bile. Also, Asiatic cholera.
Acht'olus, (aXoXoi,) Achol'ic, wanting bile. One deficient in bile.
A'chor, gen. Acho'ria, Porrigo larvalis.
Acho'res. A term often employed by the an- cients to designate both cruata Inc'tea and small superficial ulcerations on the skin of the face and head. See Porrigo larvalis.
Acho'res Cap'itis, Porrigo scutulata.
Acho'rion Lebert'ii, see Porrigo decalvans and Parasites — a. Schonleinii, see Porrigo favosa and Parasites.
Achoris'tus, (o, and xwp'^w, ' I separate.') Any sign which necessarily accompanies a state of health or disease.
A'chourou. The Caraib name for a species of myrtle used in dropsy.
A'chras Austra'lis, (a\pas, 'the wild pear,') Sapota — a. Sapota, Sapota — a. Zapota, Sapota.
A'chroi, {aX^oi,) Achromatia'ti, Achro'mati, Achro'mi, (a, and xpi^fia, 'color.') Pale indi- viduals. It is nearly synonymous with XcKpainoi^ leiphfe'mi, persons without color; bloodless.
Achro'ma, gen. Achromatia, (same etymon.) Chloaa'ma al'binn, Leuco'pathi'a partia' Ha acquia'' ita, Poecil'ia, Epichro'aia p(xcil'i<t, Ephe'lia al'ba. Partial privation of colour of the skin. Leuco- der'ma, Dermatoleucaamua, Leucaa'mua cu'tia, or of portions of the skin, Leucaa'mua figura'tut, Cutis variegata, Piebald akin. See Albino.
Achro'ma vitili'go of Alibcrt, vitili'go, as in th« pied negro.
12
ACHROMASIA
Achroma'sia, Decoloration.
A.ch.To'niati, {a)(^p^t>|^a^ol,) Achroi.
Achromafic, Achromat'icns. A lens, con- Btruoted to correct tbe aberration of refrangibil- ity of common lenses, is so termed. The Crystal- line is an achromatic lens.
Achromatist'i, {axpiaixanrnt,) Achroi.
KciiTOmdktO'p'siA, Achromato2)'fii8,Achromatop'8i/, Chromatopaeudop'aia, Dyschromatop'aia, Parii' chro'ma, Paeudochro' mia, Parora'aia, Vi'aua de'- color, Ghromopaeudopaia, Dichromic Vision, Di- chromiam, Acritochromacy, Color hlindneaa, Idi- opt'cy, Dal'tonism, (F.) Anirythropaie, Achromn- topsie, (a, Xf>c*>/'a, 'color,' and onronai, *I see.') Faulty perception or incapability of distin- guishing colors ; a defect situate in the cerebral part of the visual organ. Persons so circum- stanced have been termed, by Mr. Whewell, Id'- iopts. See Acyanoblepsia and Anerythropsia. Acliromatopsy, Achromatopsia. Acliro'mi, (ax^'w/zoi,) Achroi. Achrontoderniie, (a, XP^I*"^' * color,' and Stpfia, ' skin.') See Albino.
A-chromotricJiomief (a, xpu/ia* * color,' and ^P^f gen. Tpixoi, *a hair.') See Albino.
A.chri/stallodiaphauie, {a, cryatalline, ka, * through,' and 0ati/w, * I shine.') See Cataract.
Achylo'sis, (a, x^^°^f 'juice, chyle,' and osia.) Defective chylosis or formation of chyle.
Achymo'sis, (a, X^t^°ii 'juice, chyle,' and oaia.) Defective chymification.
Achyran'thes Re'pens, {axvpov, *chaflf,' and av^tl, *a flower.') Iilec"ebrum polygonoVdes, Forty Knot; indigenous. Order, Amaranthaceae. A decoction of the plant is drunk as a diuretic in dropsy, ischuria, &c. Achyro'des, {a\vpw6r}s,) Acerosus. A'chyron, (axvpov,) Furfur. A'cia, (from aKii, ' a point.') A word used by Celsus, which has puzzled commentators, — some believing it to have meanl a needle; others the thread ; and others, again, ite kind of suture. "Ada mollis, nan nimis torta." (Chifflet thinks it meant the thread. — Antwerp, 1638.)
Ao"id, Ac"idn8, Oxys, (F.) Acide, Aigre, (from rticij, gen. aKiios, * a point.') Sharp; sour; especially as applied to odorous or sapid sub- stances. The French also use the term aigre, when referring to the voice, in the sense of sharp and shrill : — as, une voix aigre,vox aa'jyera. See Acids. Acid, Ace'tic, Aceticum acidum — a. Acetic, of commerce, Pyroligneous acid — a. Acetic, dilute, see Aceticum acidum — a. Acetous, strong, Ace- ticum acidum — a. Aerial, Carbonic acid — a. Allantoic, Allantoic acid — a. Amnio or Amniotic, Allantoic acid — a. Antimonious, Antimonium diaphoreticum — a. Arscnious, Arsenicum album — a. Auric, see Gold — a. Azotic, Nitric acid — a. Benzoic, Benjamin, flowers of — a. Bcnzuric, Acid, hippurio — a. Bezoardic, Uric acid — a. Boric, Boracic acid — a. Calcareous, Carbonic acid — a. Calculous, Uric acid.
Acid, Camphou'ic, Acidum Camphor' icnm, (F.) Aride Gamphoriqne. By the protracted action of hot nitric acid on camphor, the latter is converted into camphoric acid. The camphoratea — of qui- nia, morphia, and atropia — may, according to Bouchardat, be given in the same cases as the va- lerianates of the same bases.
Acid, Carbazot'ic, Ac"idum Carbnzot'icum seu Picrin'icnni seu Pi'criciim, Nitropicric, Cnrhoni'- tric, Picric, or Triuitrophcnic acid, Wel'ter'a Hitter, {F.) Acide Carbnzotique, A. Picriqac, Amer de Welter. This acid is frequently foruu'd by the action of concentrated nitric acid on animal and vegetable aubatanccit, and especially on oil of tar. It, as well as the carbazotatos or picrates, is tonic and astringent, and suid to be antipcriodic.
Acid, Caurol'ic, Carl)oIio acid — a. Carbolic, impure, see Carbolic aoid.
ACID
AcTD, Carbona'ceous, Carbonic acid — a. Carw: bonic, Carbonic acid — a. Carbonitric, Acid, Car- bazotic — a. Carbonous, Oxalic acid — a. Caseic, Lactic acid — a. Cathartic,Cathartic acid — a.Cer- ebric.Cerebricacid — a. Chinovic, Acid, Kinovic — a. Chloracetic, Chloracetic acid — a. Chlorohydric, Muriatic acid — a. Cholic, Cholic acid — a. Chro- mic, Chromic acid — a. Citric, Citric acid — a. Cresylic, see Carbolic Acid — a. Crotonic, see Croton tiglium — a. Cyanhydric, Hydrocyanic acid — a. Cyanohydric, Hydrocyanic acid — a. Delphic, see Acidum Valerianicura — a. Delphinic, Acidum Valerianicum — a. Galactic, Lactic acid.
Acid, Gal'lic, Ac"idnm Gall'icum, (F.) Acide Gallique. This acid, prepared from galls, is found in most of the astringent plants that contain tannic acid of the kind obtained from galls. It is in delicate, silky needles, usually somewhat yel- lowish, inodorous, and of a harsh, somewhat astrin- gent taste. It dissolves in one hundred parts of cold and three parts of boiling water. It is very soluble in alcohol, and but slightly so in ether.
It has been highly extolled in internal hemor- rhage, especially from the urinary organs and uterus. Dose, from ten to twenty grains.
The Pharmacopoeia of the United States (1873) directs it to be made by exposing a thin paste of powdered galls and distilled water for a month, ' adding the water from time to time to preserve the consistence; expressing the paste; boiling the residue in distilled water; filtering through animal charcoal, and crystallizing.
Acid, Gas'tric, see Gastric juice — a. Gly- coch'olic, Cholic acid.
Acid, Hippu'ric, Ac"idum Hippu'ricum, Uro- benzo'ic, Vrino-hen'zo'ic, or Benzu'ric acid. An acid found in the urine of graminivorous animals. It is contained in human urine, especially after benzoic acid has been taken. See Hippuria.
AcW),'S.Y'DJMOli'lC, Ac"idum Hydriod'icnm. This acid may be made by mixing solutions of iodide of potassium and tartaric acid; filtering the liquor to separate the bitartrate of potassa, and adding water to make the resulting hydriodic acid of definite strength.
A formula for the preparation of Acidum Hi/driodiciim Dilu'fum was introduced into the Pharmacopoeia of the United States (1863), but it is dismissed in the last edition (1873). It is a good solvent for iodine.
It has been used in the same cases as the prepara- tions of iodine in general, but is rarely employed.
Acid, Hydrochlor'ic, Muriatic acid — a. Hy- drochloronitric, Nitromuriatic acid — a. Hydro- cyanic, Hydrocyanic acid — a. Hydrocyanic, dilute, see Hydrocyanic acid — a. Hydrosulphu- ric, Hydrogen, sulphuretted — a. Hydrothionic, Hydrogen, sulphuretted — a. Igasuric, see Ja- tropha curcas — a. Inosic, see Muscle.
Acid, Iod'ic, Ac"idum Jod'icum, (F.) Acide lodique. This is obtained by boiling iodine with nitric acid; or by decomposing iodate of baryta by dilute sulphuric acid. It is a white, transpar- ent solid, slightly deliquescent, and very soluble in water. It has been given with sulphate of quinia in hoarseness, scrofula, incipient phthisis, chronic inflammation, syphilis, Ac. Dose, three to six grains or more.
Acid, Jatroph'ic, see Jatropha Curcas — a. Kinovat'ic, Acid, Kinovic.
Acid, Kino'vic, Quino'vic or Ghino'vic or Kino- vat'ic acid, Kino'va Bitters, Ac"idum Kino'vicu7n seu Quino'vicum, (F.) Acide Kino'vique on Quino'' riqne, is found in Chinova bark, and, it is af- firmed, in the bark of all the plants of the genus Nauclea. It has been given in diarrhoea and dysentery, and as a febrifuge.
Acid, Lac'tic, Lactic acid — a. of Lemons, Citric acid — a. Lithenic, Uric acid — a. Lith- iasic, Uric acid — a, Lithic, Uric aoid — a.
ACID
Manganic, see Potassae permanganas — a. Ma- rine, dephlogisticated, Chlorine — a. Marine, dulcified, Spiritus aetheris muriatici — a. Mephi- tic, Carbonic acid — a. of Milk, Lactic acid
— a. Muriatic, Muriatic acid — a. Muriatic, dilute, see Muriatic acid — a. Nanceic, Lactic acid — a. Nitric, Nitric acid — a. Nitric, dilute, see Nitric acid — a. Nitro-hydrocbloric, Nitro- muriatic acid — a. Nitromuriatic, Nitromuriatic acid — a. Nitropic'ric, Acid, Carbazotic — a. Ni- trous, dephlogisticated. Nitric acid — a. Oxalic, Oxalic acid — a. Oxyseptonic, Nitric acid — a. Phenic, Carbolic acid — a. Phenylic, Carbolic acid — a. Phenylsulphuric, Sulphocarbolic acid
— a. Picric, Acid, Carbazotic — a. Polygalic, see Polygala senega.
Acid, Pneu'mic, Ac"idiim Pneu'micuniy (-rrvevfiiav, 'lung.') An immediate crystallizable principle, found by Verdeil in the substance of the lung of the mammalia, and which- gives it its acid re- action. By decomposing the carbonate or bicar- bonate of soda of the blood, it is said to furnish a part of the carbonic acid expired. Used in a pulverized state in phthisis.
Acid, Prussic, Hydrocyanic acid — a. Pyrolig- neous, Pyroligneous acid, see Aceticum acidum
— a. Pyrolignic, Pyroligneous acid — a. Quino- vic. Acid, Kinovio — a. Rosacie, see Porphyruria
— a. of Sorrel, Oxalic acid — a. of Sugar, Oxalic acid — a. Sulphhydric, Hydrogen, sulphuretted — a. Sulphocarbolic, Sulphocarbolic acid — a. Sul- phohydric. Hydrogen, sulphuretted — a. Sulpho- phenic, Sulphocarbolic acid — a. Sulphuric, see Sulphuric acid — a. Tannic, Tannin — a. Tau- rocholic, Cholic acid — a. Thymic, Thymic acid
— a. Trinitrophenic, Acid, Carbazotic — a. Uric, Uric acid — a. Urinobenzoic, Acid, Hippuric — a. Urobenzoic, Acid, Hippuric — a. Urous, Uric oxide — a. Urylic, Uric acid — a. Valerianic, Acidum valerianicum — a. Valeric, Acidum vale- rianicum.
Acide, Acid — a. Acetique, Aceticum acidum
— a. Acetique faihle, see Aceticum acidum — a. Aerien, Carbonic acid — a. Allantoique, Al- lantoic acid — a. Amniotique, Allantoic acid — a. Amnique, Allantoic acid — a. Azotique, Nitric acid — a. Borique ou Boracique, Boracic acid — a. Camphoriquey Acid, Camphoric — a.Carbazotique, Acid, Carbazotic — a. Carholique, Carbolic acid • — a. Oarhoniqne, Carbonic acid — a. Chlorhy- drique, Muriatic acid — a. Chromique, Chromic acid
— a. C'ra^eua? ^e>//br»ie. Carbonic acid — a. Cyan- Tiydrique, Hydrocyanic acid — a. Galtique, Acid, gallic — a. Hydrocyanique, Hydrocyanic acid — o. HydrosuJfurique, Hydrogen, sulphuretted — a. lodique, Acid, Iodic — a. Kinovique, Acid, Kino- vic — a. Lactique, Lactic acid — a. Litheniqne ou Lkhiasique ou Lithique, Uric acid — a. Nitrique, Nitric acid — a. Nitrique alcoolise, see Nitric acid — a.Phenique, Carbolic Acid — a. Phenylsul/un'que, Sulphocarbolic acid — a. Phosphorique, Phos- phoric acid — a. Picrique, Acid, Carbazotic — a. Pneumique, Acid, Pneumic — a. Prussique, Hydro- cyanic acid — a. Pyroacetique, Pyroligneous acid
— a. Pyroligneux, Pyroligneous acid — a. Pyro- %)(!5'Me, Pyroligneous acid — «. Quinoviqiie, Acid, Kinovic — a. Sul/hydrique, Hydrogen, sulphu- retted— a. Sul/ureujc, Sulphurous acid — a. Sul- furique ou Sidphurique, Sulphuric acid — a. Suljurique delay e, Sulphuric acid, diluted — a. Succinique, Succinic acid — a. Salfocarholique, Sulphocarbolic acid — a. Tarmiqne, Tannin — a, Turtrique, Tartaric acid — a. de l' Urine, Uric acid — a. Urique, Uric acid — a. Valerianique, Acidum valerianicum — a. Valerique, Acidum valerianicum.
Acidita'tio, Acidities.
Acid'ities, Acu'rcs, Acidita'tio, Ac"idum mor- bo'aum seu prima'rum via'rum, Ox'ytes, Sor'da acidse, (1\) Aiyreura. Sourness of the stomach.
ACIDUM
13
the result of indigestion, indicated by acid eruc- tations, etc. This affection is very common in children, and must be obviated by absorbents, as magnesia, chalk, &c., and by regulated diet.
Acidolog"ia, {okis, gen. ukiSos, 'a point, a sharp instrument,' and "^oyoi, 'a description.') A de- scription of surgical instruments.
Acidom'eter, {¥ .) Acidometre,P^8e-a(nde, (acid, and fjiLTpov, * measure.') A hydrometer for deter- mining the density of acids.
JLcidotnMre, Acidometer.
Ac"ids, Ac"ida, Aco'res, are liquid, solid, or gaseous bodies, generally possessed of a sour, more or less caustic taste, and the principal char- acter of which is the capability of saturating bases.
Acids, in general, are refrigerant and antisep- tic. Their particular uses are pointed out under the individual articles.
Acid'ulate, (F.) Aiguiser, Aciduler. To render acidulous, or slightly acid.
A.cidule, Acidulous.
Acid'ulous, Acid'iilus, Suhac"idu8, Oxo'deit, Oxdi'des, (F.) Acidule, Aigre, Aigrelet. Sub- stances are so called which possess a sourish, taste, as tamarinds, cream of tartar, &c.
Acid'ulous Fruits. Oranges, gooseberries, <fec.
Acid'ulous Wa'ters, A'quie Aeid'ulee. Alineral waters containing carbonic acid gas sufficient to render them sourish. See Waters, mineral.
Acid'ulous Water, ^iia' vijV:., A' q\ia A" cidi Car- hon'ici (Ph. U, S.), Aqua a'eria fix'i seu ucid'- ula aim'plex, Li'qnor seu A'qtia So'dse effervee'cens, A'qua Carbona'tia So'dse acid'ula, So'da wa'ter, 3lin'eral water ^ (F.) Eau acidule seu gaaeuse sim- ple, is water impregnated with carbonic acid. It formerly contained carbonate of soda, but, as or- dinarily drunk, it now has none. The French Codex (1866) has an Eau de Sonde Carhonatee. Aqua Natro-efferveacena, being a solution of bi- carbonate of soda in simple acidulous water.
Water, so impregnated, is cooling and slightly stimulating. It is used beneficially in dyspepsia, and in cases of vomiting, &Q.,\imOi is an excellent refrigerant in fever, given ice-cold and in small quantities oft repeated.
Ac"idum, Acid — a. Aceticum, Aceticum acid- um— a. Aceticum aromaticum, Acetum aromati* cum — a. Aceticum camphoratum, see Aceticum acidum — a. Aceticum dilutum, see Aceticum acidum — a Aceticum e ligno venale, Pyroligneoua acid — a.Aceticum empyreumaticum, Pyroligneous acid — a. Aceticum forte, Aceticum acidum — a. A. fortius, Aceticum acidum — a. Aceticum gla- ciale, Aceticum acidum — a. A. purum, Aceticum acidum — a.Aceticum Scilliticum, Acetum scillai
— a. Acetosellae, Oxalic acid — a. Acetosum, Ace-» tum — a. Acetosum camphoratum, see Aceticum acidum — a. A. debilius, see Aceticum acidum — • a. A. destillatum, see Aceticum acidum — a. A. forte, Aceticum acidum — a. A. tenue, see Aceticum acidum'— a. Allantoicum, Allantoic acid — a. Amnicura, Amniotic acid — a. Amnioti- cum. Amniotic acid — a. Arsenicosum, Arsenious acid — a. Arseniosum, Arsenicum album — a. Azoticum, Nitric acid — a. Benzoicum, Benjamin, flowers of — a. Beuzoylicum, Benzoin, flowers of
— a. Boracicum, Boracic acid — a. Borussicum, Hydrocyanic acid — a. Camphoricum, Acid, Cam- phoric— a. Carbazoticuni, Acid, Carbazotic — a. Carbolicum, Carbolic acid — a. C'arbolicum im- purum. Carbolic acid, impure — a. Carbouicuu?, Carbonic Acid —a. Chromicum, Chromic acid — a. Citricum, Citric acid — a. Gallicum, Acid, Gal- lic— a. Hippuricum, Acid, Hippuric — a. Hydri- odicum. Acid, Hydriodic — a. Hydriodicum dilu- tum, see Acid, Hydriodic — a. HydrocarhonieUm, Oxalic acid — a. Hydrochloricum, Muriatiouut acidum — a. Hydrocyanicum, Hydrocyanic acid
— a. Hydrocyanicum dilutum, see Hydrocyanic
14
ACIDUM
ACCELIUS
acid — a. Hydrosulphuricum, Hydrogen, sulphur- etted— a. Hydrothionicum, Hydrogen, sulphuret- ted — a. Hydrothionicum liquidum, see Hydro- sulphuretted water — a. lodicum. Acid, Iodic — a, J*trophicura, see Jatropha curcas — a. Kino- ricum, Acid, Kinovio — a. Lacticum, Lactic acid
— a. Ligneum, Pyroligneous acid — a. Ligni pyro- oleosum, Pyroligneous acid — a. Lignorum empy- reumaticum, Pyroligneous acid — a. Limonis, Citric acid — a, Limonum, Citric acid — a. Lithi- cura, Uric acid — a. Marinum concentratum, Mu- riaticuin acidum — a. Morbosum, Acidities — a. Muriaticum, Muriaticum acidum — a. Muriatieum dilutum, Muriatic acid — a. Muriaticum nitroso- oxygenatum, Nitromuriatic acid — a. Nitri, Ni- tric acid — a. Nitri dulcificatum, Spiritus setheris nitrici — a. Nitricum, Nitric acid — a. Nitricum dilutum, Nitric acid — a. Nitromuriaticum, Ni- tromuriatic acid — a. Oxalicum, Oxalic acid — a. Oxalinum, Oxalic acid — a. Phenicum, Carbolic acid — a. Phenylicum, Carbolic acid — a. Phos- phoricum, Phosphoric acid — a. Picricum, Acid, Carbazotic — a. Picrinicum, Acid, Carbazotio — a. Pneumicum, Acid, Pneumic — a. Primarum via- rum. Acidities — a. Prussicum, Hydrocyanic acid
— a. Pyroaceticum, Pyroligneous acid — a. Py- roligneum, Pyroligneous acid — a. Pyroxylicum, Pyroligneous acid — a. Quercitannicum, Tannin — a. Quinovicum, Acid, Kinovic — a. Sacchari, Ox- alic acid — a. Saccharinum, Oxalic acid — a. Salis, Muriaticum acidum — a. Salis culinaris, Muriaticum acidum — a. Salis marini, Muriati- cum acidum — a. Scytodephicum, Tannin — a. Septieum, Nitric acid — a. Succinicum, Succinic acid — a. Sulphuricum, Sulphuric acid — a. Sul- phuricum alcoolisatum. Elixir acidum Halleri — a. Sulphuricum aromaticum. Sulphuric acid, aro- matic — a. Sulphuricum dilutum. Sulphuric acid, diluted — a. Sulphuris volatile. Sulphurous acid
— a. Sulphurosicum, Sulphurous acid — -a. Tan- nicum, Tannin — a. Tartar! essentiale. Tartaric ftcid — a. Tartaricum, Tartaric acid — a. Tartaro- 8um, Tartaric acid — a. Uricum, Uric acid — a. Urolithicum, Uric acid.
Ac"fDUM Valerian'icttm, Valerian'ic or VaW- ric Acid, (P.) Acide Vale' rianique ou Vali'n'que. An acid found in valerian plants, angelica root, the oil of Delphi'nua glo'bicepa {Delphic or Del- phiii^ic Acid,) <fcc. It is produced, also, by the oxidation of fusel oil and albuminous matters, and by the putrefaction of all animal substances, but in greater quantity in rotten cheese. In the Pharmacopoeia of the United States (1873), it is directed to be obtained by decomposing the vale- rianate of soda by sulphuric acid, and distilling. B. g. 0-935. Dose, gtt. v.-xv., as a nervine.
Acidum Vitriolicum, Sulphuric acid — a. Vitri- olicum aromaticum, Sulphuricum acidum aroma- ticum — a. Vitriolicum alcohole aromaticum, Sul- phuricum acidum aromaticum — a. Vitriolicum vi- nosum, Elixir acidum Halleri — a. Zooticum, Hy- drocyanic acid — a. Zootinicum, Hydrocyanic acid.
Aoidur'gla, (aKi<;, gen. cuciioi, 'a point, a sharp instrument,' and t^yov, * work.') Surgery (opera- tive).
AHi'r, Chalybe.
A'oies, gen. A'ciet, {' steel,') Chalybs — a. Digi- torum raanus, {aciea, a * phalanx,') see Phalanx — a. Diurna, {ucies, 'keen eyesight,') Hemeralopia.
AehxH, Acinus.
Acine'sia, [aKivriaia,) Acine'sis, Akine'sta, Im- mobiiitas, Qui'ci>, Jte'quies, Requie'tio, Ere'mia, (a, and KtvijiJis, * motion,' Kwtu), * I move.') Rest. ImmoWiiity. Also, the interval between the sys- tole and diastole of the heart — Parasys'tole.
Under the term AcincHes, Romberg includes the paralytic neuroses, or those that are charaotcr- izcii by defect of motive power.
Aoine'sis. Acinesia.
Ao"ini (pi. of Acinus) of MalpigM, see Cor- pora Malpighiana and Spleen — a. Lienis, se« Spleen — a. Renales, Corpora Malpighiana.
Aciniform'is (Tu'nica), Choroid, Uvea.
Acino'sa (Tunica), Uvea.
Ac^inus, ^. glandulo'sus, (ac"init8, * a, grape- stone,') (F.) Aciiie. A (jlan'diform cor'puscle, in which secretion was supposed to take place, and the excretory radicle arises. Acini are the glob'- uli arteria'rum ter'mini of Nichols. The term ac"ini glandulo' si has also been given to glands which, like the pancreas, are arranged, as it were, in clusters. Glands thus formed have been called glan'dnlse acino'ase, (F.) Glandea acineuaea. See Lobule.
Acinus Glandulo'sus, Acinus.
Acipen'ser, gen. Acipen'seris, see Ichthyocolla.
Aciur'gia, (a<fif, ' a point, a sharp instrument,' and epyov, ' work.') Surgery (operative).
Ackerns, (Prov.,) ('acorns,') see Quercus alba.
Acleitocard'ia, {aK\eiTos,' not closed/ and KapSia, 'heart.') Cyanopathy.
Acmas'ticUS, (aKuri, 'the top,* and araot, '1 remain.') A fever which preserves an equal de- gree of intensity throughout its course. It is also called Homot'onna. The Greeks gave it the names Epacmaa' ticua and Syn'ochua, when it went on in- creasing; and Paracmaa'ticiis, when it decreased.
Ac'md, {oKixr},) Vi'gor, Cor'yphe, Culmina'tio, Sta'tus, Faatig"ium. The period of a disease at which the symptoms are most violent. Ar'che, apXVf is 'the commencement;' anab'asia, ava^aaiq, 'the period oj increase;' and ac'me, aKfxrj, 'the height,' (F.) ^<a^— Also, Acne.
Acmel'la, Spilanthusacmella — a. Mauritiana, Spilanthus acmella.
Ac'mon, {oKpuv,) Incus.
Ac'na, Acne.
Ac'n^, Ac'na, Ac'me, lon'tlnia Va'rua, Ac'ne Va'rus, Paydra'cia Acne, Stonepoch, Whelk, Bn'- bucle, (F.) Acne, Dartre pustuleuse disa^minSe. A small pimple or tubercle on the face. — Gorrseus. Foesius thinks the word ought to be Acme; and, according to Cassius, it is, at all events, derived from a»c^>7, 'vigor;* the disease affecting those in the vigor of life especially.
Willan and Bateman adopted this term in their Nosology of Cutaneous Diseases, and placed it in the order Tubercula. Acne, with them, is an eruption of distinct, hard, inflamed tubercles, sometimes continuing for a considerable length, of time, and sometimes suppurating slowly and partially. They usually appear on the forehead, temples, and chin, and are common to both sexes; but the most severe forms are seen in young men. They require but little management, and consist of four varieties : Acne indnra'ta, A. aimplex {Haploacne), A. puncta'ta {lonthua varua pitnc- ta'tua, Punc'tse mtica'aie, Va'rua puncta'tna, Crino'- nea, Comedo'nea or Maggot Pim'ple, Worms, Grubt, (F.) Tanne), and A. rosa'cea. — See Gutta Rosea.
Ac'nb Indura'ta, see Acne — a. Mentagra, Sy- cosis — a. Punctata, see Acne — a. Rosacea, Gutta Rosea, see Acne — a. Simplex, see Acne — a. Stro- phulosa. Strophulus albidus — a. of the Throat, Pharyngitis, follicular.
Acnf', Acne — a. Mollusco'ide, MoUuscum.
Acne'mia, Akne'mia, (a, and «fvi7/i>7, 'the leg.') Absence of legs.
Acnes'tis, {aKvirms, from a, and Kvaciv, * to scratch.') The part of the spine which extends, in quadrupeds, from between the shoulders to the loins. According to Pollux, the middle of the loins. The vertebral column.
A'oo6, {uKOTi,) Audition, Ear.
Aooe'lius, (a, and Koiha, ' belly.*) Devoid of belly. One who is so emaciated as to appear to have no belly.
ACOEMETER
ACOUMETER
15
Acoem'eter, (uKor), ' hearing/ and /xerpoi/, 'nieas- ttre,') Acoumeter.
Acoem'etrum, Acoumeter.
Acoen'osi, {uKurj, ' hearing,' and voaos, ' a dis- ease,') Aconusi.
Acoe'sis, Audition.
Acogno'sia, (aKog, ' aremedy/andyj/watj/ knowl- edge,') Pharmacognosia.
Acola'sia, {a, and KoXat^w, * I restrain/) Intem- perance.
Acol'Ogy, Akology, {aKOi, ' a remedy/ and ^oyog, *a discourse,') Materia Medica. According to acme, restricted to surgical instruments and their uses — operative surgery ; like aciurgia, (from mxti, *a point, a sharp instrument.')
A'oone, [aKOvt],) Mortar.
Aconel'la, (from Aconitum.) See Aconitum napellus.
Aconel'line, see Aconitum napellus.
Aconi'ta, see Aconitum napellus.
Aeonit d Ch'aiuls Fleursj/Aconitum cammarum
— a. Scdittaire, Aconitum anthora.
Ac'onite, Aconitum — a. Plaster, Emplastrum Aconiti.
Aconi'ti Fo'lia, or Fo'lium, see Aconitum — a. Radix, see Aconitum.
Aconit"ia, see Aconitum napellus.
Acon'itin, see Aconitum napellus.
Acon'itine, see Aconitum napellus.
Aconifium, see Aconitum napellus.
Aconi'tum, (from Ac'one, a place in Bithynia, where it is common.) Cynoc'tonon, Pardaliati'- chea, PardaUan' chum, Canici'da, Ac'onite, WoljV- bane, Monks'hood. Ord. Ranunculaceae. Sex. Syst. Polyandria Trigynia.
Aconitum, Aconite, in the Pharmacopoeia of the United States, 1842, is the leaves of Aconitum napellus, and A. panicnlatum. In the editions of 1851 and 1873, Aconiti folia,— oi 1863, A. fo'lium,
— is the officinal name for the leaves, and Aconiti radix for that of the root of Aconitum napellus.
Aconti'tum An'thora, a. Snlutif emm seu iVe- moro'sum seu Candol'lei seu Jacqui'ni seu Eu'lo- phum seu Anthorouleum, An'thora vulga'ris, An'- thora, Antith'ora, Sal'utary Monks'hood, Whole- acme Wolfs' bnne, Yet' low hel' met/lower, (F.) Aconit talutaire. The root of this variety, as of all the rest, is poisonous. It is used as a cathartic and anthelmintic. Dose ^ss. to ^j.
Aconi'tum Anthouoideum, A. anthora.
Aconi'tum Cam'marum, A. panictda' turn, A. macran'thum, A. Kusnezo'vii, (F.) Aconit d grands Jleurs, resembles Aconitum napellus in prop- erties.
Aconi'tum Candol'lei, A. anthora — a. Eulo- phum, A. anthora.
Aconi'tum Fe'rox, a most violent ranuncula- ceous poison, which grows in Nepaul, and is the Bish or Bikh poison of that country. Its effects are like those of Aconitum napellus.
Aconi'tum Jacqui'ni, A. anthora — a. Kusnezo- Tii, A. cammarum — a. Macranthum,A. cam-marum.
Aconi'tum Napkll'us, Aconi'tum Napel'lns ve'rus, Com'mon 31onks'hood or Wolfs'bane, A. Nc- omonta'num, (F.) Chaperon de Moine, Coqueluchon, Tue-loup. The leaves are narcotic, sudorific, and * deobstruent.' (?) They have been used in chronic rheumatism, scrofula, scirrhus, paralysis, amau- rosis, Ac. The active principle is called Aconit" ia, Aconiti'na, Aconi'ta, Ac<mit"ium, Acon'itine, or Acon'itin. It is made (Ph. U. S., 1873,) by ex- hausting powdered aconite root with alcohol by percolation, distilling off most of the alcohol, and treating the residue with diluted stdphuric acid. The solution of the sulphate thus formed is con- centrated and washed with stronger ether, which removes all oily and resinous matters not already ieparated ; the addition of stronger water of am- monia separating the alkaloid, which is dissolved out by repeated agitation with ether. The pro-
cess is completed by mixing the ethereal solutions, and allowing them to evaporate spontaneously. It requires 150 parts of cold and 60 of boiling water to dissolve it, but is readily dissolved by alcohol and ether. It neutralizes the acids, and forms with them uncrystallizable salts. It has been used internally, and especially applied ex- ternally, in neuralgic cases, iatroleptically and endermically.
Another alkaloid has been found in the root, which so closely resembles narcotin as to lead to the belief that they are identical. It has been called Aco7iel'la and Aconell'ine.
The dose of aconite in powder is gr. i. to gr. ij., but it is generally given in extract or tincture.
Aconi'tum Nemoro'sum, A. anthora — a. Neo- montanum, A. napellus — a. Paniculatum, A, cam- marum— a. Racemosum, Actsea spicata — a. Sa- lutiferum, A. anthora.
Aconi'tum Uncina'tum, Wild Monks'hood, in- digenous, is said to have similar virtues with Aconitum napellus.
Aconu'si, Acoen'osi, Acoon'oai, (aKorj, * audi- tion/ and vovaos, * disease.') Mor'hi au'rium et audi't^s. Diseases of the ear and audition.
Acoon'osi, Aconusi.
Ac'opis, (a, and KcmQ%, 'weariness.') Pliny gives this name to a precious stone, which waa boiled in oil and used against weariness.
Ac'opon, Ac'opum. A remedy against weari- ness, Aiixg'yris.
Ac'opum, Acopon,
Acop'ria, {a, and Konpos, * excrement,') Consti- pation.
Acopro'sis, Constipation.
A'cor Benzo'Inus, {acer, 'sharp, acid,') Benja- min — a. Boracicus, Boracic acid — a. Succineus, Succinic acid — a. Sulphuris, Sulphuric acid — a. Tartaricus, Tartaric acid.
A.core Bdtard, Iris pseudacorus — o. Faux, Iris pseudacorus — a. Odorant, Acorus calamus.
Aco'res, Acids and Acidities.
Acor'ia, {uKopia, from a, privative, and Koptuty *I satiate.') An inordinate or canine appetite.
Acori'tes, (aKopirtji.) A wine made of Acorus.
Acorm'us, (from a, privative, and xopfios, 'trunk.') A monster devoid of a trunk.
A'corn, Ju'piter's, Fagus castanea — a. Oily, Guilandina moringa — a. Sardinian, Fagus cas- tanea.
A'corns. See Quercus alba.
Ac'orus Adulteri'nus, (aKopos,) Iris pseudaco- rus— a. Brasiliensis, A. calamus.
Ac'orus Cal'amus, A. ve'rus seu Brazilien's{$, Cal'amus Aromat'icvs seu Odora'tus seu Vtdga'- ris, Ty'pha Aromat'ica, Cla'va Jiugo'sa, Siceet'fag or Ac'orus, Flag'root, Sweet cane, Myr'tle Flag, Sweet grasSf Sweet root. Sweet rush, (F.) Jonc roseau ou Ca)ine aromatique, Acore odorant. Ore?. Aroideae ; Acoraceae (Lindley) ; Sex. Syst. Ilexandria Monogynia, The rhizoma — Cal'amua (Ph. U. S.) — is stomachic and carminative, but is rarely used. It is regarded as a good adjuvant to bark and quinia in intermittents. The essen- tial oil is used in like cases.
Ac'orus Palus'trts, Iris pseudacorus — a. Ve- rus, A. calamus — a. Vulgaris, Iris pseudacorus.
A'COS, (aKOi,) Medicament.
Acos'mia, (aKot^fna, from a, and Koafioq, 'order, ornament.') Disorder, irregularity in the critical days, according to Galen, who uses the word Koa^oi, for regularity in those days. Others, and particularly Pollux, call bald persons aKoafioi, be- cause they are deprived of one of their most beautiful ornaments.
AcOU'meter, Acoudm'eter, Acoem'eter, Acoem''- ctrum, Acu' meter, Acusim'eter, (F.) AcoumitrCf (aKOvu), ' I hear,' and nerpov, ' measure.') An in- strument designed by M. Itard for measuring th» degree of hearing.
16
ACOUMETRE
Acmint^tre, Acoumeter.
Acoudm'eter, Acoumeter.
AcouopllO'llia, Gopho'nia, (aKovu), * I hear,' and ffnavrj, ' voice/) Auactd'tatory Percua'aion. A mode of auscultation, in which the observer places his ear on the chest, and analyzes the sound produced by percussion.
Acons'ma, gen. Acous'matie, {amvaiJia, * any thing heard,') an imaginary noise. Depraved sense of hearing.
AcOUS'tic, {amvaTiKos,) Acria'ticua, (F.) Acous- tique. That which belongs to the ear j as Acous- tic nerve, Acoustic trumpet.
Acous'tic Med'icine is one used in diseased audition.
A.couftfico-Malleen, Laxator tympani.
AoOUS'ticS, Acua'tica, (F.) Acouattqne. The part of physics which treats of the theory of sounds. It is also called Pho'nics.
AcouMique, Acoustic, Acoustics.
Ao'qua Binel'li (I.), (acqua, 'water,') Aqua Binellii — a Brocchieri, Aqua Brocchierii — a. Monterossii, Aqua Binellii — a. di Napoli, Li- quorar senicalis — a. della Toifana, Liquor arse- nicalis — a. Toffania, Liquor arsenicalis.
Acquet'ta (L), (dim. of acqua,) Liquor arse- nicalis.
Acqui, Min'eral "Wa'ters of. Thermal sul- phureous springs in Piedmont. Their tempera- ture is 167° Fahr., and they contain sulphohydric acid and chloride of sodium.
Acqui'red Diseas'es, Mor'M aequia'iti, M. ad- venti'tii, M. epicte'ti, Adventit" ious diseasea, (F.) Maladies acquiaes. Diseases which occur after birth, and which are not dependent upon hered- itary predisposition.
Acrai'pala, {a, and KpanraXyi, 'drunkenness.') Remedies against the effects of a debauch.
Acra'lea, {aKpoi, * at the extremity.') The ex- treme parts of the body, as the head, hands, feet, nose, ears, &g. See Acrea.
Aora'aia, (a, and Kpaviov, ' the cranium.') "Want of cranium, wholly or in part.
Acra'sia, {uKpcuna, from a, and Kpaais, * mixture.*) Intemperance. Excess of any kind. Surfeit.
It has been employed to denote debility, syno- nymously with Acratia ; but this may have been a typographical inaccuracy.
Acrati'a, ( aKpareia, from a, and Kparos, 'strength.') Impotence ; weakness, fainting. See Acrasia.
Aoratis'ma, gen. Acratiam'atia, (oKpaTitTua, from a, and Ktpavwiu, ' to mix.') A breakfast, consist- ing of bread steeped in wine, not mixed with water.
Acratom'eli, (acratum, and /xcXj, 'honey.') Wine mixed with honey.
AeTa.tO]^e'g!B,Akratope'f/se, (a, tcparoi, ' strength,' and nTjyrt, * a spring.') Mineral waters having no marked chemical qualities.
Acratopos'ia, (aKparonoata, from acratum, and vo7ii, ' drink.') The drinking of pure or. unmixed wine.
A'cratnm, (aKparov, from a, and'wpai/vwi/i. 'to mix.') Unmixed wine, Acratuin vi'uam, Vi'num tnc'run).
Acrature'sis, {acratia, and ovpnais, ' the act of discharging the urine.') Inability to void the urine from ])aralysi8 of the bladder.
A'ord, {oKpii.} The extremity or tip of any thing, as of the nose.
A'orea^ (aKpea,) Acrote'rin, (oKpov, 'the summit.') The extreme parts of the body, as the feet, hands, cars, «kc. See Acralea.
Also the extreme parts of animals that are used as food, Acroco' lia.
Ao'rid, (a«/»f, * pointed,' or from oki^, 'a point.') Acer. An epithet for substances of a hot, biting taste, which occasion a disagreeable sense of irri- tation and constriction at the top of the throat j
ACROMIAL
or which, when applied externally, cause heat and irritation of the skin.
Acrid Heat, (F.) Chaleur Acre, is one that causes a hot tingling sensation at the extremities of the fingers.
Ac'rid Pois'on, see Poison.
Ac'rids, in Pathology, are certain imaginary substances, supposed by the humorists to exist in the humors, and to cause various diseases. See Acrimony.
Acridoph'agi, (aKpiScypayot, from axpts, gen. uKpiSos, ' a locust,' and 0ayw, ' I eat.') Locuat- eaters. Acridophagous tribes are said to exist in Africa.
Ac'rimony) Acu'itaa, Acrimo'nia, (acer, ' acrid,* aKig, 'a point.') Acrimony of the humors. An imaginary acrid change of the blood, lymph, Ac, which, by the humorists, was conceived to cause many diseases.
Acrin'ia, (a, and Kpiva, ' I separate.') A diminu- tion of the quantity, or a total suspension, of the secretions.
A'cris, {aicpii,) a sharp bony prominence. Also, the locust.
Acri'sia, Ac"ri8is, (from nKpima, a, and Kpimi, 'judgment.') A condition of disease, in which no judgment can be formed ; or in which an un- favorable opinion must be given.
Ac'risis, Acrisia.
Acrit'ical, Ac'ritus, (F.) Acritique. That which takes place without any crisis ; or which does not foretell a crisis j as an acritical aymptom, abaceaa, &0.
Acritochro'macy, Achromatopsia.
Ac'ritus, (aKpiTos,) Acritical.
Acrivi'ola, {acer, ' sharp,' and viola, 'a violet,') Tropasolum majus.
A'cro, A'kro, (from aKpov, 'top, extremity.') In composition means the same.
A'crobys'tia, J.c'ro/)os'<Am, {uKpov, 'top,* and jSvo;, * I cover.') The prepuce, or the extremity of the prepuce. Also, circu:: cision (?) — Kraus.
A'crobys'tiolith, {aci-ohyatia, and Xt^oj, ' a stone.') See Calculi, preputial.
A'crobysti'tis, {acrohystia and itia,) Posthitis.
A'crocheir, {uKpoxtip,) Acrochir', Acrocheir'on, {aero, and x^'P' ' ^^^ hand.') The forearm and hand. Also, the hand.
A'crocephal'ic, {oKpov, 'the top,' and cephalo.) A term applied to heads which are unusually prominent on the top.
A'crochord'on, {aKpoxopSap, from aero, and XopSf], ' a string.') A tumor which hangs by a pedicle. Verru'ca pena'ilia. A kind of hard wart.
A'crochorism'us, {aero, and x^P^^'^t ' I dance.') A kind of dance, with the ancients, in which the arms and legs were violently agitated.
Acroco'lia, («K/)OKu)Am, from aero, and kuXov, ' a member,') Acrea.
Acroco'lium, {aKpoKu'Xiov,) Acromion.
Acrod'rya, (aKpoSpvov, from aero, and Spv^, 'a tree.') Fruits, as nuts, apples, &c.
Acrodyn'ia, Erythe'ma aerod'ynnm, E. aero- di/n'ia, Epidon'ic erythema, Chiropodal'gia, (F.) Acrodynie, Mai dea pieda ct dea maina, {aero, and o.-'uj/;;, 'pain.') A painful affection of the wrists and ankle.-J, especially with an erythematous eruption, which appeared in Paris as an epi- demic, in 1S2S-9; supj)osed by some to be rhou» niatic, by others to be owing to spinal irritation. It appears to have been the same as Dengue.
Aorolen'ion, {aero, and wAcvv* 'ulna,') Ole- cranon.
Aoromast'ium, {aero, and naaro^, 'breast,') Nipple.
Aoro'inia, Acromion.
Acro'mial, Acru!n!<i'lia. Relating to the Acro- mion.
Acro'mial Ar'tery, Extcr'nal Scap'xdar, Arte'-
ACROMIAL
ACUPRESSURE
17
ria Thoruc^ica himera'lis, Art^re troisilme dea Tkoraeiquca (Ch.), A. Thoracique humerale, arises from the anterior part of the axillary ar- tery, opposite the upper edge of the pectoralis minor. It divides into two branches, one, su- perior; the other, inferior, — the branches of which are distributed to the subclavius, serratus major anticus, first intercostal, deltoid, and pec- toralis major muscles, as well as to the shoulder joint. &c. They anastomose with the superior scapular, thoracic, and circumflex arteries.
Acro'mial Nerves, Ner'vi acromia'les. Branches of the fourth cervical nerve, which are distributed to the acromial region.
Acro'mial Vein has the same arrangement as the artery.
Acro'miocoracoi'deus. Belonging to the acro- mion and coracoid process. The triangular liga- ment between these processes is so called.
AcTO'mioil, Acro'mium, Acro'mia, Aci'o'min, (^aKfiujfiiov, from aero, and wfiog, ' the shoulder.') Os Acro'mii, Hu'merna eum'mm, Ar'mna snm'mus, Mu'cro hu'meri, lios'trttm porci'num, Ca'put Scap'- ulse, Acroco'lium. The process which terminates the spine of the scapula, and is articulated with the clavicle. Acro'mis, (aKptams,) Acromion. Acrompha'lium, {uKpofiipaXtov,) Acromphalon. Acrom'phalon, Acrompha'lium, {aero, and ofi<pakog, ' the navel.') The extremity of the um- bilical cord, which remains attached to the foetus after birth.
Acrom'yiS, (aero, and //uX*?, ' patella,') see Patella. A'cronarcotlc, see Poison. A'cronyx, {aero, and oi'v^, 'the nail.') Growing in of the nail.
A'croparal'ysis, {aero, and napaXvcii, * palsy.') Paral'ysia extremita' turn , Palsy of the extrem- ities.
A'cropos'tMa, {aero, and iroa^ri, 'prepuce,') Acrobystia. See Prepuce.
A'cropostM'tis, gen. Acroposthi'tidia, {acro- posthia, and itis,) Posthitis.
A'cropsi'lon, (from aero, and rpiXog, 'naked.') The extremity of the glans penis.
Acrori'a, {aKpupeia, from aKpov, 'top,') Vertex. A'crorrh,euni'a, gen. A'crorrheum'ati8,Bhenma- tia'mtia extremita' turn, {aero, and pevfia, ' defluxion, rheumatism,') Rheumatism of the extremities.
A'cros, (aKpoi, ' at the extremity, top.') The strength of the Athletae, and of diseases ; the prominences of bones ; the extremity of the fin- gers, &c. See Acrocheir, Acromion, &c,
Acros'tichum Polypodiol'des, Polypodium in- oanum.
Acrote'ria, (aKpo^, ' at the extremity, top,') Acrea. See Extremity. Acroteri'asis, Acroteriasmus. Acroteriasm'US, Acroteri'asis, {uKpoTttpia, 'the extremities;' hence aKpoTrjpia^eiv, 'to mutilate.') Amputation of the extremities.
Acrothym'ion, Akrothym'ion, {aero, and ^vnov, 'thyme.') A kind of conical, rugous, bloody wart, a " moist wart," compared by Celsus to the flower of thyme.
Acrot'ica, (from Aerea.) Diseases affecting the excernent functions of the external surface of \ the body. Pravity of the fluids or emunctories that open on the external surface, without fever or other internal affection as a necessary accom- paniment. The third order of the class Eccrit'ica of Good. Acrotism'Tis, {a, and irporoj, ' pulse,') As- I phyxia.
I Act, Act'ua, {actum, past participle of ar/ere, ' to
j do,' 'a thing done.') The efi"ective exercise of a power or faculty. The action of an agent. Acte } 18 used by the French to signify the public dis- cussion, which occurs in supporting a thesis ; —
thus, aoutenir un Acte aux Ecolea de Medecine, ia, ' to defend a Thesis in the Schools of Medicine.'
Ac'ta, Gesta.
Actae'a Alba, {aKrata, and aKTtj, 'the elder.') See A. spicata — a. Americana, see A. spicata — a. Cimicifuga, A. Racemosa.
Act^'a Racemo'sa, a. Cimicifuga, Cimicif'^ uga racemo'sa, Mucro'tya racemo'sa, Bot'rojihia Serpenta' ria {?), Serpenta'ria ni'gra. Black snake'- root, Rich'weed, Cohosh' , Sqnaw root, Battleweed, Black Cohosh, (F.) Aetee d grappes, Serpentaire noire. Ord. Ranunculaceae. Sex. Syst. Polyan- dria Pentagynia. A common plant in the United States. The root, Cimicif'vga (Ph. U. S.), is. astringent ; and, according to Barton, has been successfully used, in the form of a decoction, as a gargle in putrid sore throat. A decoction of the root cures the itch.. It is acro-narcotic, and has been used in rheumatism, acute and chronic; chorea, &c.
Act^'a Rubra. See A. Spicata.
ActjE'a Spica'ta, Christophoria'na spica'ta, Aconi'tum racemo'aiim, Bnne' berry, Herb Chris' - topher, (F.) Herbe St. Christophe. A perennial herbaceous European plant, the root of which re- sembles that of the black hellebore. The root is cathartic, and sometimes emetic, and in overdoses may produce dangerous consequences.
Actie'a America'na, of which there are two va- rieties, A. al'ba and A. rii'brn, — white and red cohosh, — is indigenous in the United States. It has the same properties as A. spicata.
Ao'tS, Sambucus.
Acte, Act.
Actee d Graxtpes, Actasa racemosa.
Actif, [agere, actum, 'to act,') Active.
Ac'tio, Action, Function.
Ac'tion, Ac'tio, Opera'tio, Energi'a, Prax'ia. Mode in which one object influences another. The animal actions are those that occur in the animal body : the vital, those that are essential to life : the 2i^i!/'""^'>f/>cal, those of a healthy char- acter: the pathological or morbid, those that occur in disease, <tc. The ancients divided the physiological actions into vital, animal, natural,
il, parti
gpuri
•al, kc. See Function.
Actio'nes Natura'les, see Function.
Ac'tive, Bros' tic, Acti'vus, (F.) SthMque, Aetif. This adjective is used, in Pathology, to convey the idea of superabundant energy or strength, Sthen'icus, Hypersthen'icua, (F.) Sthen- iqne. Active symptoms, e. g. are those of excite- ment. In Therapeutics, it sigmfiGS, energet'ic: — as, an active treatment. The French use the expression Medecine agissante, in contradistinc- tion to Medecine expectante. In Physiology, active has a similar signification, many of th« functions being divided into active and pas- sive.
Ac'ton; A village near London, at which there is a purgative mineral spring, like that at Epsom.
Ac'tual; Same etymon as active. That which acts immediately. A term usually restricted to the red-hot iron, or to heat in any form ; in con- tradistinction to the potential or virtual, which ii applied to caustics or escharotics.
Actua'rius. Originally a title of dignity given to the Byzantine physicians, correspond- ing to the modern phy^ician-in-ordinary.
Act'us, gen. Ac'tAa, A-'-t — a. Parturitionis, Par- turition.
A'cuductor, {acua, and //cere, ductum, 'to lead,') J'orte-aiguille.
Acu'itas, {acua, *a needle,') Acrimony.
Acu'leus Lig'neus, {acus, 'a neoile,') Splin-. ter.
Acu'meter, Aooumeter.
A'cupressure, Acnjiresau'ra, {acua, 'a necG, 7 and przmere, 2Jre8sum, 'to press.') A process- fo*
X8
ACUPUNCTATUM
ADDUCTOR
arresting hemorrhage, proposed by Prof. Sir James Y. Simpson, of Edinburgh, which consists in passing an appropriate needle or pin twice through the substance of a wound, so as to com- press and close, by the middle portion of the nee- dle, the tube of the bleeding vessel a line or two, or more, on the cardiac side of the bleeding point. To ucnpress' is to emjiloy acupressure.
A'cupTip.cta'tum, Acupuncture.
A'ciipunctura'tion, Acupuncture.
A'cupunc'ture, Acupunctu'ra, Stylostix'ia, Acu- puncta'lum, Acupiinctura'tion, (aciis, *a needle,' and pnnctura, * a puncture.') A surgical opera- tion, much in use among the Chinese and Japan- ese, which consists in puncturing parts with a very fine needle. It has been employed, of late years, in obstinate rheumatic affections, &c., and apparently with success. Acupuncture is like- wise a mode of infanticide in some countries ; the needle being forced into the brain through the fontanelles, or into the spinal marrow, Ac.
Acur'gia, {aKn;, ' a point, a sharp instrument ; ' and tpyov, 'work,') Surgery (operative).
A'OUS, gen, A'cdn, Needle — a. Capitata, Pin — a. Invaginata, see Keedle — a. Ophthalmica, see Needle — a. Paracentetica, Trocar — a. Paracen- tica. Trocar — a. Triquetra vulgaris. Trocar — a. Veneris, Eryngium campestre.
Acusim'eter, {acuais, and fitrpov, * a measure,') Acoumeter.
Acu'sis, (a<cou(TC5,) Audition.
Acust'ica, Acoustics.
Acust'icus, {axovuTiKoc,) Auditory, Acoustic.
Acute', Acu'tu^, Ox'ys, {oKig, ' a point.') (F.) A)(fu. A disease which, with a certain degree of severity, has a rapid progress and short duration, is said to be *' acute." — Oxynose'ma, Oxyn'oaoa, Oxynu'soa.
Diseases were formerly subdivided into Morhi acutis'aimi, very acute, or those which last only three or four days; M. tmbacntla'sinn, which con- tinue seven days; and M. snbacu'ti, or those which last from twenty to forty days.
The antithesis to acute is chronic. Acute, when applied to pain, sound, cries, &c., means sharp.
A'catenac'alum, {acus, *a needle,' and tena- culnm, 'a holder,') Porte-aiguille.
Acyauoblep'sia, (a, Kvavoq, ' blue,' and ^\trcui, 'I see.') jDefective vision, which consists in in- capability of distinguishing blue. See Achroma- topsia.
Acye'sis, (a, and *ct»»7ffts, 'pregnancy,') Sterilitas.
Ac''yrus, Arnica montana.
Acystinerv'ia, {a, kvoth, * bladder,' and vtvpov, 'nerve,') Cystoparalysis.
Acysturonerv'ia, (a, Kvang, 'bladder,' ovpov, 'urine,' and vevpov, 'nerve,') Cystoparalysis.
Acysturotroph'ia, (a, Kvan^, ' bladder,' ovpov, 'urine,' and rpopr,, 'nourishment,') Cystatrophia.
Acyte'rius, {aKVTripioi, from o, and ««£<«', ' to con- ceive.') Abortive.
Ad, as a prefix, in Romanic words, signifies ' to.'
Adaoa. The Sphieran'thua In'dicue, a Malabar plant, which is acrid and aromatic.
Adac'rya, («, and ^oKpuu, ' I weep.') Defective Bccrction of tears.
Adaemon'ia, properly Ademouia, {aSrujAvia.) Anxiety. See Adcmonia.
Adako'dien. A Malabar plant of the family Apocyuuaj, used in that country in diseases of the eyes.
Ad'ali, Lip'pia. A Malabar plant, which the Orientals regard vl^ an antidote to the bito of the
Ad'amant. Diamond, Magnet.
Adamanfine Sub'stance, Enamel of the teeth.
Ad'andB, gen. Adanian'tia, (adaftaf,) Diamond,
Entvmcl.
Adami'ta, Adami'tum, (from adamaa.) A very hard, white calculus. — Paracelsus.
The first word has been used for stone in the bladder : the second for lithiasis or the calculou« condition.
Adam's Apple, Pomum Adami.
Adanso'nia Digita'ta, (after Michel Adanson, the French naturalist.) Baobab.
Adap'ter, (nd and opto, ' I fit.') A tube em- ployed in pharmaceutical operations for length- ening the neck of a retort; or in cases where the opening of the receiver is not large enough to ad- mit the beak of the retort.
Adar'ce, {ahaCKri,) Adar'cion, Adar'via. A con- cretion found about the reeds and grass in the marshy regions of Galatia, and hiding them, as it were: hence the name, from a, privative, and iepKw, *I see,' It was formerly in repute for cleansing the skin from freckles, &c.
Adari'go, Orpiment.
Adar'nech, Orpiment.
Adarticula'tio, {ad and articulare, 'to join,') Arthrodia.
Ad Cu'tem Abdom'inis (Arte'ria). The auper- fic"ial ar'tery of the ubdo'men, — a branch of the crural or femoral, which arises at the lower part of Poupart's ligament, and ascends towards the umbilicus, being distributed to the integuments.
Addad. A Numidian plant; bitter and poi- sonous.
Addeplia'gia, Adepha'gia, aS6x}^ayia, aSridayia, (from a66r]i', ' in excess,' and (payuv, 'to eat.') Vo- raciousness. Galen and Hoffmann have given this name to voracious appetite in children aff'ected with worms. Sauvages refers it to Bulimia. Also, the goddess of gluttony.
Ad'der's Tongue, Ophioglossum vulgatum.
Ad'dison, Disease' of, see Capsule, renal.
Additament'um, {addere, additmn, ' to ad- join.') A term once used synonymously with Epiph'yaia. It is now restricted to the prolonga- tion of two cranial sutures, the lambdoidal and squamous.
Additament'um Co'li, Appendix vermiformis caeci — a. Necatum, Olecranon — a. ad Sacro-lum- balem, see Sacro-lumbalis — a. Ulnae, Radius — a. Uncatum ulnae. Olecranon.
Addle (Prov.), Abscess.
Addu'cens Oc'uli, {ad and ducere, ductum, 'to draw,') Rectus internus oculi.
JLdducteur de VfEil, Rectus intemus oculi — a, du Groa orfeil, Adductor pollicis pedis — a. Premier ou moyen. Adductor longus femoris — o. du Pouce, Adductor pollicis manfts — a. Second on petit, Adductor brevis — <(. Truixieme on grand, Adductor magnus.
Adduc'tion, Adduc'tio, Pamgo'ge. The action by which parts are drawn towards the axis of the body.
The muscles which execute this function are called Adduc'tora.
Adduc'tor Brevis, see Adductors of the Thigh
— a. Femoris primus, see Adductors of the Thigh
— a. Femoris secundus, see Adductors of the Thigh — a. Femoris tertius et quartus, see Adduc- tors of the Thigh — a. Longus femoris, see Adductors of the Thigh — a. Magnus, see Adduc- tors of the Thigh — a. Medii digiti pedis, Pos- terior medii digiti pedis.
Adduc'tok Metacar'pi min'imi Dig"iti, Me- tacnr'peua. Car' pometacar'peiia viin'imi dig"iii, is situate between the adductor and flexor, next to the metacarpal bone. It arises, fleshy, from the unciform process of the os unciforme, and from the contiguous part of the annular ligament of the wrist, and is inserted, tendinous and fleshy, into the fore-part of the metacarpal bone of the little finger, from its base to its head.
Adduc'tor Minimi DiaiTi,Prior minimi digiti —
ADDUCTOR
ADENOPATHY
19
a. ad Minimum digitum, Adductor pollicis manfls — a. Oc'uli, Rectus interuus oculi — a, Pollicis, A. pollicis manfis.
Adduc'tor Pol'licis ManCs, A. PoVUcis, A. ad min'iimim dig" Hum, Melacar' pophalan' geus pol'li- eis (Cli.), (F.) Adducteur du pouce. A muscle which arises, fleshy, from almost the whole length of the metacarpal bone of the middle finger, and is inserted into the inner part of the root of the first bone of the thumb.
Adduc'tor Pol'licis Pe'dis, Antith'enar, M^e- tatar' soanbphalan' geus pol'licis (Ch.), (F.) Tarao- metatarsi-phalaiigien du pouce. Adducteur du gros orteil. Aris«s by a long thin tendon, from the under part of the os calcis, from the os cuboides, os cuneiforme externum, and from the root of the metatarsal bone of the second toe. It is divided into two fleshy ])ortions, and is inserted into the external sesamoid bone, and root of the metatarsal bone of the great toe.
Bichat has given the general name, Adduc'iors, to those of the interosseous muscles of the hand or foot, which perform the action of adduction.
Adduc'tor Tkr'th Dig"iti Pe'dis, Prior tertii digiti pedis.
Adduc'tors op the Thigh. These are three in number, which have, by some anatomists, been united into one muscle — the Triceps Adduc'tor Fem'oria.
1. Adduc'tor Ion' gu8 /em' oris, A. f em' oris pri'- mus, Tri'ceps mi'nor, Pu'hiofemora'lis (Ch.), (F.) Premier ou moyen adducteur. Arises by a strong tendon from the upper and fore part of the OS pubis and ligament of the symphysis, at the inner side of the pectinalis. It runs downwards and outwards, and is inserted by a broad, flat tendon into the middle of the linea aspera.
2. Addtic'tor bre'vis, A.fem'oris secun'du8y Tri'- cepa secun'dua, Subpubiofemora'lis (Ch.), (F.) Second ou petit Adducteur. Arises tendinous from the os pubis, at the side of its symphysis, below and behind the last muscle. It runs ob- liquely outwards, and is inserted by a short, flat tendon into the inner and upper part of the linea aspera, from a little below the trochanter minor to the beginning of the insertion of the adductor longus.
3. Adduc'tor mag'nus, A. femoria ter'tim et quar'tua, Tri'cepa mag' nua, la' chiofemora' lia (Ch.), (F.) Troisieme ou grand adducteur, is much larger than either of the others. It arises from the ramus of the pubis, from that of the ischium, and from the tuber ischii, and is inserted into the whole length of the linea aspera. Near the lower part of the linea aspera it is pierced by a kind of oblique, fibrous canal, through which the crural artery and vein pass.
. Adec. The inner man, according to Paracelsus.
Adec'ta, (a, and Sukvu, ' I bite,') Sedatives.
Adelipa'ria, (adriv, * to excess,' and Atiraf»s, ' fat,') Polysarcia.
Adelodagam. A bitter Malabar plant, used in isthma, catarrh, and gout.
Adelph'ia, (aSeXiijoi, 'brother,') (F.) Adelphe. A form of monstrosity which is double anteriorly or posteriorly. See Adelphixia.
Adelj^hix'iSL, Adelphix'ia, (a^cAc^j, 'brother.') Consanguinity of parts in health or disease; F rater' nitaa, Fratra'tio. Hippocrates used the word Adelph'ia for diseases that resemble each other.
Adelphix'is, (akhpiifti,) Sympathy.
Ademon'ia, (aStjuovia.) Depression, Nostalgia.
Ademob'yne, {aSnuoawi].) Depression, Nostal- gia.
^ A'den, gen. A'denia, (a6>/v, gen. adivof, * a gland,') in composition, gland.
A'den Ulc"er, see Beriberi.
Adeual'gia, Adenodyn'ia, {aden^ pad *Xyos, •pain.') Ulandular pain.
AdenectOp'ia, {aden, and e/CTOTOs, ' removed from its place.') Dislocation of a gland.
Adenemphraz'is, {aden, and eii<ppa^is, 'obstruc- tion.') Glandular obstruction.
Ade'nia, {a6nv, 'a gland,') Hodgkin's Disease. Ajd^tiies, (from aden,) Adenojyathiea angibro- miquea. Diseases of the glands connected with the digestive tube.
Aden'ifortn, Adeniform'ia, Adenoi'dea, Ad'e- noid, (aden and forma, 'form or resemblance.') Glan'di/ormf or resembling a gland.
Adenite, Adenitis — a. Lymphatique, Lympha- denitis.
Adeni'tis, gen. Adeni'tidia, {aden and itia.) Phlegma' aia adeno'aa seu glandulo'sa, (F.) Ade- nite. Glandular inflammation.
Adeni'tis Lymphat'ica, Lymphadenitis.
Adeni'tis Mksenter'ica, Meaenter'ic Gangli- oni'tia. Inflammation of the mesenteric glands.
Adeni'tis Palpebra'rum Contagio'sa, see Ophthalmia.
Adenoce'l6, {aden, and Kij'Kri, '^ rupture,' 'a tumor.') Under this term Mr. Birkett includes tumors of the mammae, which contain structures similar to, if not identical with, the normal secret- ing tissue of the gland, and more especially the cystosarcoma, and chronic mammary tumors of surgical authors. See also Adenoma.
A'deiiochirapsolog"ia, {aden, xup, 'the hand,* anrw, ' I lay hold of,' and Aoyoj, ' a description.') The doctrine of curing scrofula or the king's evil by the royal touch. -
Adenochoeradolo"gia and Adenochoirado- log"ia, {aden, xoipii;, 'scrofulous disease,' and Aoyoj, ' description,') have been used with the same ac- ceptation ; as well as for a treatise on scrofula.
Adenochon'drius, {aden, .nd -xp^^poi, 'car- tilage.') Relating to gland and cartilage, — for ex- ample, Arthrophy'mn adenoclion' drium, a tume- faction of the glands and cartilages of joints.
Adenod^Tnies SyphilitiqueSf A. ayphylo- aiquea, {aden, and ^£/);«i, 'skin.') Syphilitic affec- tions of the glands of the skin.
Adeuodermiea Si/pJiyfoaiqxca, A. Syphilitiques.
Adenodyn'ia, {aden, and oiwij, * pain.') Ade- nalgia.
Adenog'rapliy, Adenogra'phia, {aden, and ypa(po), ' I describe.') That part of anatomy which describes the glands.
Ad'enoid, Adeniform.
Ad'enoid Tiss'UE, Lymph' aid or Ret' if arm Tiaaue. The tissue comj»osing the follicles of the lymphatic glands, the Malpighian corpuscles of the spleen, Peyer's glands, solitary glands of the intestine, thymus gland, <fec., possessing the same general structure everywhere. The follicle of a lymphatic gland may be taken as the type also of the pathological growth, Lymphoma.
Ad'enoid Tumor, Adenoma.
Adenoi'des, Adeniform.
Adenologadi'tis, {aden, and logaditia.) Oph- thalmia of the new born.
Adenol'Ogy, Adenolog"ia, {aden, and Aoyoj, 'a description.') A treatise on ihe glands.
Adeno'ma, gen. Adeno'rnntis, {aden, and oma,) Ad' enocele, Ad'enoid Tumor. A glandular growth or hypertrophy of gland texture. See Tumor, glandular.
Adenomala'cia, {aden, and iiaXaKia, * soften- ing.') Mollescence or softening of a gland.
Adenomeninge'al, see Fever, adenomeningeal, {aden, and ftriviy^, ' membrane.')
Adenonco'sis, {aden, oyKog, 'a tumor,' and oaia.) Adenophyma.
Adenonc'us, {aden, and oyw?, 'a tumor.'} Adenophyma.
Ad'enonerv'ous Fever, Plague.
Adenopathies Anffibroniiques, [aden,, and va&of, ' affection.') Adeniea,
Adeaop'athy, Bubo.
20 ADENOPHARYNGEUS
Adenopharynge'us, (aden, and pharynx.) Some fleshy fibres, which pass from the constric- tor pharyngis inferior to the thyroid gland, have received this name. Their existence is not con- stant.
Adenopharyngi'tis, gen. Adenopharyngi'tidia. Inflammation of the tonsils and pharynx.
Adenophthalm'ia, Ophthalmia tarsi.
Adenoph.y'ma, gen. Adenophy'matia, Adenon'- cns, Adenonco' 818, {aden, and f/iufia, * a swelling.') Swelling of a gland, or glandiform ganglion. (F.) Glandage. Adenophyma is used by some to signify a soft glandular swelling; — Adenoncua, one of a harder character.
Adenophy'ma Inguina'lis. Bubo.
Adenoscir'rhus, Adenoaclero'six, {aden, and oKippos, 'induration.') Scirrhous induration of a gland.
Adenosclero'sis, {aden, and cK\tipos, 'hard.') Adenoscirrhus.
Adeno'sis Sorophulo'sa, (from aden,) Scrof- ula.
Adeno'sus, {Ahacea' sua.) A hard, glandular abscess, which suppurates slowly.
AdenosyncMtoni'cis, {aden, aynchiton, 'the conjunctiva,' and itia, 'inflammation.') Ophthal- mia neonatorum.
Adenot'omy, Adenotom'ia, {aden, and t£/ivw, *I cut.') Dissection of the glands.
Adepha'gia, {a^payia, from a6riv, 'in excess,' and (payeiv, ' to eat.') Addephagia, Boulimia.
Ad'eps, gen. Ad'ipia, Ad'epn Suil'lua, Oxyn'- giiim, Pingue'do, Lar'idum, Lar'dum, Lard. (Prov.) Mort, Sal'lia, Swiueaame. Pig's flare. The fat of the hog. In the Ph. U. S. the pre- pared fat of Sua acrofa, free from saline matter.
Ad'eps Anseki'nus, Ad'epa an'aeria or Gooae greaae, (F.) Graiaae d' Oie, is emollient. It has been used as an emetic.
Ad'eps An'seris, A. Anserinus — a. Benzoa- tus, Unguentum I3enzoini — a. Cantharidibus medicatus, Unguentum Lyttae medicatum — a. Cortice Daphnes gnidii medicatus, Unguen- tum epispasticum de Daphne gnidio — a. Hu- manus, Liquamumia — a. Hydrargyro medi- catus, Unguentum hydrargyri — a. ex Hydrar- gyro mitius dictum cinereum, Unguentum oxidi hydrargyri cinereum — a. Hydrargyri muriate oxygenato medicatus, Unguentum muriatis hy- drargyri oxygenati medicatum — a. Hydrargyri nitrate medicatus, Unguentum hydrargyri nitratis — a. Hydrargyri oxido rubro et plumbi acetate medicatus, Unguentum ophthalmicum — a. Lauro medicatus, Unguentum laurinum — a. Myristicae, see Myristica — a. Ovilli, Sevum — a. Papavere, hyoscyamo, et belladonnsi, medicatus, Unguentum populeum.
Ad'eps PRiEPARA'TUS, A. Suil'lua cura'tua (see Cupa), A. Suil'lua prtepara' tua, Hog'a lard, Bar- row'a greaae. Lard, Ax'nnge, Axun'gia, Axun'gia porci'na, (F.) Graiaae de Pore, Saindoux, Axonge, is prepared by melting pig's flare, and straining it. This is called rendering the lard. Lard is emollient, but is chiefly used for forming oint- ments and plasters.
Ad'eps Suil'lus, see Adeps praeparatus — a. Suillua curatus, Adeps pra^paratus — a. Suillus prajparatus, Adeps preBparatus — a. Sulfure et Ammonia) muriate medicatus, Unguentum sul- phuratum ad Bcabiom — a. Sulfure et carbonate Potasaao medicatus, Unguentum suiphuratum al- caliuum ad scabiom — a. Tartaro stibii medicatus, Unguentum antimonii — a. Oxido ziuci medica- tus, Ungupntum oxidi zinci impuri.
Adepts {adipia'cor, adeptua, 'to acquire.') Alchymlst.
Adep'ta Medioi'na. Medicine, which treated •f diseases contracted by celestial operations, or communicated from heaven. Adi'P'ta Philoboph'ia, Alchymy.
ADIPOCERA
Adermonerv'ia, (a, 6cpfta, 'skin,' and vevot*, 'nerve.') Dermataneuria,
Adermotropli'ia, (a, hpixa, 'skin,' and too^jj^; ' nourishment.') Extenuation or atrophy of the skin.
Adfla'tus, Afilatus.
Adhaeren'tia, {ad, and hterere, hseaum, 'to stick.') Adherence.
Adhae'sio, Adherence.
Adhato'da, Ju8tic"ia adhato'da. The Mala- bar' Nut Tree. (F.) Nuyer de Ceylon. Used in India for expelling the dead foetus in abortion. The word is said to convey this meaning in the Ceylonese.
Adlie'reilC6« Adhe'aion, Adhseren'tia, Concre'tio, Proa'^thyaia, Proacolle'aia, Adhse'aio, (from adhse- rere, — ad and hserere, — ' to stick to.') These words are usually employed synonymously. The French often use adherence for the state of union, and adheaion for the act of adhering.
Adhe'sion, Adherence.
Adfiesif, Adhesive.
Adhe'sive, Adhie'aua, Adhfp.ai'vua, (F.) Adhe- aif : same etymon as Adherence. Sticking, unit- ing. An epithet, — as ' adheaive plaster,' see Em- plastrum resinaa.
Adhe'sive Inflamma'tion is that inflammation which terminates by an adhesion between inflamed and separated surfaces, and which was, at one time, supposed to be necessary for such adhesion.
Adian'thum, Adiantum.
Adian'tum, Adian'thum, {aSiavTOv, from a, and 6taivu), ' I grow wet,' from the leaves not being easily moistened.) A. pedatum.
Adian'tum ^thiop'icum. A South African plant, Ord. Filices, an infusion of which is some- times used as an emollient in coughs, and in dis- eases of the chest.
Adian'tum Al'bum, Asplenium ruta muraria — a. Aureum, Polytrichum — a. Canadense, A. pe- datum.
Adian'tum Capil'lus Ven'eris, A. Corian'dri- fo'lium seu Ni'grum, Capil'lua Ven'eris, J/aiden- hair, (F.) Capillaire de Montpellier. A Euro- pean plant, of feeble, aromatic, and demulcent properties. It is used for forming the Strop de Capillaire ou Capillaire.
Adian'tum Coriandrifo'lium, A. capillus ve- neris— a. Nigrum, A. capillus veneris — a. Pa- tens, A. pedatum.
Adian'tum Peda'tum, A. Canaden'ae seu Pa'- tena, Adian'tum, Capil'lua Ven'eria Canaden'aia, Her'ha Ven'eria, Fi'lix Ven'eria, Can'ada Maid'- enhair, Amer'icau Maidenhair, Rock'fern, Sweet'- fern, (F.) Capillaire dn Canada, has the same properties. Capillaire was once made from this. See Adiantum Capillus Veneris.
Adian'tum Ru'brum, Asplenium trichomano- ides.
Adiaphanie P^richt-ystalliq-ue, (a, iia, 'through,' and <paipu>, 'I shine.') See Cataract.
A'diaphore'sis, Adiaphorosis.
Adiaphoro'sis, Adiapkore'aia, {a, ha, 'through,* ipopoi, 'a pore,' and oaia.) Defect or suppression of perspiration, Adiapneua'tia.
Adiaph'OTOUS, Adiaph'orua, Indiff'erena, Neu'- tral. A medicine which will neither do harm nor good.
Adiapnenst'ia, {ahiairvtvoria, from a, Sia, 'through,' and ttveu), 'I breathe,') Adiaphorosis.
Adiarrhoe'a, {a, and Siappeuv, ' to flow.') Re- tention of atiy excretion.
Adiathes'io, Adiathea'icua, {a, and SiaSeais, 'di- athesis.') In the system of controstimulism, adiatheaic diaeaaea are such as occur without any antecedent diathesis.
Ad'ice, {aiiKcta, ' I injure.') Urtica.
Adipa'tus, {adepa, gen. adipia, ' fat.') Fatty.
Adipeux, Adipose.
Adipooe'ra, Adipocere — a. Cetosa, Ceta<;oum.
ADIPOCEEE
ADYNAMIC
21
Ad'ipocere, Adipoce'ra, (adeps, gen. adtpts, * fat/ and ce/-a, * wax,') (F.) Adipocire. The base of biliary calculi, called also Chol'esterine. Also, a sort of soap, formed from animal matter under cer- tain circumstances. (F.) Gras des Cadavres, Gras dea Cimetieres. The human body, when it has been for some weeks in water, assumes this ap- pearance; and it has been a subject of legal in- quiry, what length of time is necessary to produce it. This must, of course, depend upon various circumstances, as climate, season, &g. Adipocire de Baleine, Cetaceum. Adipocir'iform, {adipocire, and /orma, 'form.') See Cholesteatoma.
Ad'ipose, Ad'ipous, Adipo'aua, (adeps, gen. ad- ipia, ' fat.') (F.) Adipeux. That which relates to fat — as Adipose membrane, A. vesnels, &c. See Fatty.
Ad'ipose Sarco'ma op Ab'ernethy, Emphy'ma fnrco'ma adtpo'sum, is suetty throughout, and en- closed in a thin capsule of condensed areolar sub- stance, connected by means of minute vessels. It is chiefly found on the fore and back parts of the trunk. See Sarcoma.
Adipo'sis, {adcpifi, and onia.) See Polysarcia. Adipo'sis Hepat'ica, Pimelo'sia seu Steato'sis seu Makix'is hepat'icd, He'par adipo'aum, Degeu- era'tio Hep'atia Adipo'sa, Fat'ty liv'er, Fat'ty de- genera' Hon of the liv'er, (F.) DegenSreacence graia- seuae dn Foie. A form of disease of the liver dependent on the accumulation of fat in its se- creting cells. The gland is of a dull yellow color, generally greasy and flabby, and if the degen- eration is excessive it may impede the circula- tion in tho capillaries and obstruct the excretion of bile.
Adiposu'ria, (adeps, gen. adipia, 'fat,' and 9v()ov, ' urine.') Pimeluria. Adipo'sus, Fatty, Adipose. Ad'ipous, Fatty, Adipose.
Adip'sia, (a, and 6i\pa, ' thirst,') Dipao'sia ex- pera. Absence of thirst.
Adip'son, Adip'aum. Any substance which relieves thirst. Applied to a decoction of barley to which oxymel was added. Adip'sOS, Glycyrrhiza.
Ad'itus, gen. Ad'iius, *an entrance,' ' an ap- proach;' (adire, ad it It ni, 'to go to.') Prot'odoa. The entrance to a canal or duct, as Ad'itua ad ; Aquatduc'tiim Fnllo'pii.
1 Ad'itus adInfundib'ulum, Vulva — a. Laryn- I gis, see Larynx.
' Adiulis'tOS, (a, and JtuAi^w, ' I strain.') Un- strained wine for pharmaceutical purposes,
Adjunct'um, {ad, and jungere, junctum, *to I join,') Accompaniment.
Ad'jutor Min'ister,^iVZe — a. Partds, (' an aider of birth,') Accoucheur.
Ad'juvant, Ad'juvuna, {adjuvare, *to aid.') A
' medicine, introduced into a prescription to aid
i the operation of the principal ingredient or basis.
Also, whatever assists in the removal orpreven-
/ tion of disease.
Adtninicule (F.), Adminic'ulntn, (ad, and ma- ' nua, *a hand.') A prop, a support. Anything 1 that aids the action of a remedy, j Adnascen'tia. {ad, and naacor, 'to grow,') Prosphj'sis.
Adna'ta (Tu'nica), ad, and naacor, natua, 'to grow,') Conjunctiva, and Vaginal Coat of the ■ Testicle.
i Adnee {membrane). Conjunctiva. I Adoles'cence, Adoleacen'tia, Jnven'ta, Juven'taa, ; Juven'tua, ^'t(ta bo'iia, Yonlh : (from aduleaeere, — arf, and oleacere, — 'to grow.') (F.) Jeuneaae. ' The period between puberty and that at which the body acquires its full development; being, in ' man, between the 14th and 25th years; and, in I woman, between the 12th and 21st. See Age.
Adoles'cens, Ju'venia, Bebe'tea, Bebe'ter, Hy.
pene'tea. A youth. A young man in the period of adolescence.
Adolescen'tia, Adolescence.
Ado'lia. A Malabar plant, whose leaves, put in oil, form a liniment, used in facilitating labor.
A'dor, Zea mays.
Adc'rion, Daueus carota.
Adoucissants, (from adoucir, 'to soften,') De- mulcents.
Ad Pon'dus Om'nium, ' To the weight of the whole.' In a prescription it means, that any particular ingredient shall equal in weight the whole of the others.
Adragant, (corn from tragacantha,) Traga- cantha.
Adragante ou Adraganthe, Tragacantha.
A'dra Bi'za, {adi<oi, aSi^a, ' thick,' and ^i^a, ' a root,') Aristolochia clematitis.
Adre'lials,(ac^ and ren, 'kidney,') Capsule, renal.
Adrobo'lon, (aSpog, 'thick,' and j3wAof, 'mass.') Tho bdellium of India, which is in larger pieces than that of Arabia.
A'dros, {aSpoi, 'plump and full.') Applied to the habit of body, and also to the pulse.
Adsa'ria Pa'la, Dolichos pruriens.
Adspira'tio, (ad, and apiro, 'I breathe.') A.=- piration, Inspiration.
Ad'stans, {ad, 'to or near,' and stare, 'to stand,') Prostate.
Ad'stites Glandulo'si, Prostate.
Adstric'tio, (ad, and atringere, atrictum, 'to bind,') Astriction, Constipation.
Adstricto'ria, Astringents.
Adstrin'gens Fothergilli, Kino.
Adstringen'tia, Astringents.
Adulas'so. The Jnatic"ia bival'via. A small shrub, used in India as a local application in gout.
Adult', {ad, and olere, olitum, 'to grow,') see Adult Age.
Adult' Age, Andri'a, Viril'itaa, JE'taa viri'lia, Viril'ity, Manhood. The age succeeding adoles- cence, and preceding old age. In the civil law, an adult is one who, if a boy, has attained the age of fourteen years ; and, if a girl, of twelve. In the common law, one of full age. Adult, AduV' tua, is also used for one in the adult age.
Adultera'tio, Falsification.
Adult'us, see Adult Age.
Adunca'tio Un'guium, {ad, and uncus, * a hook,') Onychogryphosis.
Adu'rens, (ad, and urere, 'to burn,') Caustic.
Adu'rion, Rhus coriaria.
Adust', Adna'tua, (from adnrere, — ad, and urere, — ' to burn.') The blood and fluids were formerly said to be adust, when there was much heat in • the constitution, and but little serum in the blood.
Adus'tio, Adustion, Burn.
Adus'tion, Adua'tio. State of the body de- scribed under Adust. In surgery, it signifies cau- teriza' tion.
Ad'vehens, {ad, and vehere, 'to carry.') Af- ferent.
Adventif'ious Diseases, Acquired diseases.
Adventif'ius, {ad, and venio, ventum, 'to come,') Accidental.
Adyna'mia, Jmpoten'tia ; (aSwama, from a, and Svvafjiii, ' strength,') Adyna'nia, Adyna'tia. Con- siderabFe debility of the vital powers ; as in ty- phoid fever. Some Nosologists have a class of diseases under the name Adynamise, Ec'lyeea, Mor'bi aHthen'ici.
Adyna'mfa Viri'lis, Impotence.
Adyna'miae, see Adynamia.
Adyuam'ic, Adynam'icus, Hypodynam'ic, JJy- podynam'icua (same etymon). Appertaining to debility of the vital powers.
Adywam'ic or Ty'phoid Sink'ing. A sinking or loss of power, such as is observed in adynamic cases.
22
ADYNASIA
Atn^
Adyna'sia, (a^waaia,) Adynamia.
Adyna'tia, {aiwaria,) Adynamia.
Adynatocomi'um, {adynatw, and KOfuta, ' I take care of/) Hospital.
Adynatodochi'um, {adynatus, and ^o/iat, *to receive/) Hospital.
Adyn'atUS, {ahwaTOq,) Sickly.
JEdoe'a, {aiboia, from ajtJwj, * shame.') Genital organs.
.Edce'agra, {sedoea, and aypa, * seizure.') Gout in the genitals.
.9Sdoeag'raphy, ^dceagraph' ia, ^dneog'raphy, («rfQ?n, and y/)a?)w, * I describe.') A description of the organs of generation.
.EdOBal'Ogy, JEd(xalog"ia, ^doeoVogy, (ledopa, and y^oyos, ' a description.') A treatise on the organs of generation.
JEdoeat'omy, uEdceato'mia, JEdoeoWmia, ^- dcent'ome, jEdteot' omy,{8edoea, and TOfni, ' incision.') Dissection of the parts of generation.
.Sdoe'ci, (from sedcea,) Gennetici.
JEdoei'tis, gen. ^doei'tidis, JEdoeoti'tis, Mede- i'tis, {sedoea, and itis.) Inflammation of the gen- ital organs.
.Sldoe'oblenorrhuea Feminamm, Leucorrhcea.
^doeodyn'ia, (wrfcea, and o6vvij, 'pain/) Pain in the genitals. Pudendagra.
.Sdoeogar' gains, {sedoea, and yapyaXitfi), * I tickle.') Masturbation, Nymphomania.
JEdceogargarism'us, {sedwa, and yapyaipu, '1 vibrate.') Masturbation, Nymphomania.
^dceog'raphy, iEdoeagraphy.
JEdced'ogy, ^doealogy.
JEdoeoma'nia, (asrfceo, and mania,) Nympho- mania.
JEdce'omycodermi'tis, gen. JEdoeomycodermi'- tidia, {nedoea, fxvKog, * mucus/ Sepfia, ' skin/ and iti8.) Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the genital organs.
JEdoe'on, {aiboiov,) Inguen.
^doeopsophe'sis, ^doeopsophia.
JBdoeopsoph'ia, uEdoeopsophe' sis {mdoea, and xpo^tip, ' to make a noise.') Emission of wind by the urethra in man, by the vagina in woman.
^DfEOPSOPH'iA Uteri'na, Physometra.
2Ed<BOS'copy,-^<iceo8cojo'?a, (a?rfoe«, and aKoireu, * I view.') Exploration of the organs of generation.
.Sdoeoti'tlS, gen. jEdoeoti'tidia, ^doeitis,Medei- tis — SB. Gangraenosa,Colpocace — ae. Gangraenosa puellarum, Colpocace infantilis — ae. Gangraenosa puerperarum, Colpocace puerperarum.
.S)d(BOt'om6, ^doeatomy.
^doBOtom'ia, ^doeatomy.
JEdceot'omy, ^doeatomy.
.Sdopto'sis, {sedcea, and TTT<i>ais, ' a falling.') Hysteroptosis — ae. Uteri, Prolapsus uteri — ae. Uteri inversa. Uterus, inversion of the — ae. Uteri retroversa, Retroversio uteri — ae. Vaginae, Pro- lapsus vaginae — ae. Vesicae, Exocyste.
£eig'laoes, Aeig' luces, [au, 'always/ and yXvKvi, ' sweet.') A kind of sweet wine or must.
JEgagropi'Ia, ^gagropi'luH, {aiyaypos, 'the rock goat,' and niXa, * hair,') BSzoar d'AUcmagve, Pila Dnma'rum seu Jiupicapra'rnm. A ball com- posed of hairs, found in the stomach of the goat : once used medicinally.
^gag^ropi'lus, iEgagropila.
JEgeir'os, (myupoi,) Populus.
.ffi'ger, Sick.
£'gias, yE'gis, ^g'Ua, ^'gides, (from atyii, * a goat's skin'?) (F.) Aige or Aigle. There is ob- scurity regarding the j)rooi8e meaning of this word. It was used to designate an ulcer, or speck •n the transparent cornea.
Maftre Jean uses it for a calcareous deposit be- tween the conjunctiva and sclerotica.
.ffi'gides. iEi?ias.
£'gilops, An'chilopt, An'kylopa, {sego, and wi//, * the eye.') An ulcer at the greater angle of the eye, which sometimes does not penetrate to the
lachrymal sac, but at others does, and constitutet fistula lacrymalis.
.Sgi'rinon, (from trgeiros.) An ointment of which the fruit or flower of the poplar was an in- gredient.
2E'gi8, ^gias.
JEg'le Mar'melos, (from aty\ti, * splendor,') Co- volam.
.Eg'lia, ^gias.
M'go, (from at|, gen. atyof, * a goat.') In com- position, goat.
JEgoc'eras, {sego, and xtfMi, ' horn/) Trigonella foenum.
iBgoletli'ron, (tego, and oAAw/w, *to destroy,') Ranunculus ficaria.
.Sgon'ychon, (sego, and ow^, gen. ovvx<k, ' a hoof,') Lithospermum oflBcinale.
.Egopho'nia, Egophony.
JEgopho'nicus, Egophonic.
JEgopo'dium Fodagra'ria, (frgo, and noctmv, ' a little foot,') Ligusticum podagraria.
^grip'pa, Agrippa.
.Sgritu'do, gen. JEgritn' dtnisy (from teger,) Disease — ae. Ventriculi, Vomiting.
.Egro'tat, (L.) 'he is sick/ {fpgroto, *I am sick.') A medical certificate in the English col- leges, to show that the student is unfit for duty.
.Slgrota'tio, (from feger,) Disease.
jElgro'tUS, (from seger,) Sick.
.Sgyp'tia, (AiyvTTTta.) An epithet for several medicines, mentioned by Galen, Paulus of JEgina, and Myrepsus.
^gtp'tia Moscha'ta, Hibiscus abelmoschns.
JEgyp'tia Stypte'ria, Aiyvnrta arvirrtipia, uE~ gyptian alum. Recommended by Hippocrates.
^GYp'tia Ul'cera ; uEgyp'tiftn ul'cera. Ul- cers of the fauces and tonsils, described by Are- taeus, as common in Egypt and Syria.
.Slgypti'acum, ^gyp'tion, Mende'aion, Mel uE- gypti'acum, Phar'macum ^gypti'aenm. A pre- paration of vinegar, honey, and verdigris, scarcely used now, except by veterinary surgeons as a de- tergent. See Linimentum ^Eruginis.
.Egyp'tion, (AtyvTmov,) ^gyptiacum.
.Egyp'tium Medicament'um ad Aur'es, Phar- macum ad aures.
JEgyp'tiuS Pes'suS, ^gyp'tian pea'aary. A pessary, composed of honey, turpentine, butter, oil of lily or of rose, and saS'ron, each one part ; with sometimes a small quantity of verdigris.
Aei'chryson, Sedum.
Aeig'luoes, -^eigluces.
.Eipathei'a, {att, 'ever/ and wa3os, 'disease/) see Continent (Disease).
Aeipathi'a, see Continent (Disease).
.Smopto'ica Fas'sio, {aipa, ' blood/ and rrvw, ' I spit/) Haemoptysis.
Mne'&, {fpvetts, ♦ of brass,') Catheter.
.Slolec'tliyma, (utoAAw, * I agitate/ ♦ I varie- gate ' (?), and ecthyma,) Variola.
.Eol'lion, Varicella.
JEoriium, Varicella.
M'on, (auav.) The entire age of a man from birth till death. Also, the spinal marrow. See Medulla Spinalis.
JEone'sis, {atovatt, 'I moisten/) Fomentation.
JEo'nion, Sedum.
JEo'ra, (atupa, from aioiptu), ' I suspend/) Ges- tation, swinging.
JEqua'lis, Equal.
.Squa'tor Oc'uli. The line formed by the union of the upper and under eyelid, when they are closed. It is below the middle of the globe.
JEquiv'ocus, Equivocal.
A6r, gon. A'eria, (ayjp,) Air.
Aerage, Ventilation.
A^ntUni, Ventilation.
Aera'tion of the Blood, Uaematosis.
Aera'tus, Carbonated.
Ajhr^t Carbonated.
AERENDOCARDIA
.ETHER
23
Aerendocar'dia, (F.) Aireudocardie, {ner, and endocardinta.) Presence of air in the endocardi- um or lining membrane of the heart.
Aerenterecta'sia, {oer, evrepoi', ' intestine,' and CKTacTii, 'dilatation.') Tympanites.
2)re'olum, ^re'oluH, Chal'cus, (from ses, mris,
* brass.') The sixth part of an obolus by weight, consequently about 2 grains.
JE'resis, {aipEmi, ' the removal of any thing.') A suffix denoting a removal or separation, as Apheereais, Disereaia, <fcc.
AeretJitnie, {aer, and t/^/ios, 'a sieve,') Em- physema.
Aerethmopneumonie, see Emphysema of the Lungs.
Aer'gia, {aeoyia, from a, and epyov, 'work.') Torpor.
AerhaematOX'ia, (F.) ASrhematoxie ; {aer, aifia, 'blood,' and to^ikov, 'poison.') Poisoning by the reception of air into the bloodvessels.
Aerliematoxie, Aerhajmatoxia.
Aerif'erous, AeH/er, (F.) Aeriflre, [aer, and ferrey * to carry.') An epithet for tubes which oonvey air, as the larynx, trachea, and bron- chia.
Airiflux'us, {aer, and flnere, fluxnm, ' to flow.') The discharge of gas, and the fetid emanations from the sick. Flatulence.
Aerodermecta'sia, {aer, SefJiJta, 'skin,' and tKTaiii, ' dilatation.') Emphysema.
Aerodiaph'thora, Aerophthora, {aer, and 6i6,({>- dopa, ' corruption.') A corrupt state of the air.
Aeroenterecta'sia, Tympanites.
Aerohydrop'atliy, AerohydropatM' a,{aer, v6o)p, 'water,' and ttu^s, ' affection.') A mode of treat- ing disease, in which air and water are the chief agents employed.
Aerol'ogy, Aerolog"ia, Aerolog"ice, {aer, and "hoyos, ' a description.') That part of physics which treats of the air, its qualities, uses, and action on the animal economy.
Aeroman'cy, AeromantV a, {aer, and fiavrtia,
• divination.') An art in judicial astrology, which consists in foretelling, by means of the air, or substances found in the atmosphere.
Aeromanti'a, Aeromancy.
Aerom'eli, {aer, and ntXi, 'honey,') Fraxinus •rnus.
A^roperitonie, see Tympanites.
Aerophobia, {aer, and (po0of, 'fear.') Dread of the air. This symptom often accompanies hy- Jropbobia, and sometimes hysteria and other affections.
Aerophob'icus, Aeroph' ohus ; same etymon. One affected with aerophobia.
Aeroph'obus, Aerophobicus.
Aeroph'thora, {aer, and (pSopa, ' corruption,') Aerodiaphthora.
Aeropletirie, {aer, and nXtvpov, 'the side,') Pneumothorax.
Aeropneunumnaie, {aer, and nvevixuv, ' the lung,') see Emphysema of the Lungs.
Aeropneumanectasie, see Emphysema of the ILungs.
Aerora'chia, {aer, and ^a;^£f, ' spine.') Ac- , cumulation of air in the spine.
Aero'sis, (from aer,) Pneumatosis, Tympanites.
Aerotho'rax, gen.Ae>o</iora'c*8,Pneumothorax.
jEru'ca, (from ««, seria, ' copper,') Cupri sub- iicetas.
.ffiru'ginous, jErugino'aus, lo'den, (irrugo, ' ver- digris.') (F.) J^rvgiueux. Resembling verdigris in color; as the bile when discharged at times from the stomach.
.Era' go, gen, JEm'giuia, lOi, (from sea, seria, 'cop- per.') The rust of any metal, properly of brass. Bee Cupri subacetas.
iEau'Go Fer'ri, Ferri subcarbonas — ae. Plum- bi, Plumbi subcarbonas. .ffis, see Cuprum.
.ZEs'ohos, {aiax°i') Deformity of the body gen- erally, or of some part.
.ffis'culus Hippocas'tannm, {eaca, 'food,'[?]) Casta' nea equi'na, Pavi'na, Horse-chestnut, Buck- eye, (F.) Marrunier ou 31arronier d'Inde. Ord. Hippocastaneae. Sex. Sj/st. Heptandria Mono- gynia. The bark has been advised as a substi- tute for cinchona. Both bark and fruit are as- tringent. Externally, it has been employed, like cinchona, in gangrene.
^sec'avum, (from sps,) Brass.
^sta'tes, (from ststas, gen. matatia, 'summer,') Ephelides.
.Esthe'ma, gen. jEathe'matia, {awQrtixa, gen. aia- Qrtnaroi, 'a sensation, a perception.') See Sensa- tion and Sensibility. In the plural, ^athe'mata, the apparatuses of the senses.
^Sthematol'Ogy, jEHthematolog"ia, {seathema, and Aoyof, ' a discourse.') The doctrine of, or a treatise on, the senses, or on the apparatus of the
.ffisthematonil'si, uEsthematorganonu'ai, {seathe- ma, and vovaoi, ' diseases.') Diseases affecting sensation.
.ffisthematorganu'si, ^Esthematonusi.
JEsthesiog'raphy, yEatheaiogra'phia, {seatheaia, and ypaiprj, ' a description.') A description of the sensorial apparatuses.
.ffisthesiol'Ogy, ^stheaiolog"ia, {seatheaia, and Aoyos, ' a discourse.') The doctrine of, or a trea- tise on, sensation or the senses.
jEsthesiom'eter, {seatheaia, and ittrpov, 'meas- ure.') A measurer of sensation. An instrument of the beam - compass kind, contrived by Dr. Sieveking to indicate the distance at which two points can be distinguished, when brought in contact with any portion of the cutaneous surface.
.Slsthe'sis, {aiaStiaii,) Aiathe'sia, {aia^avonai, 'I feel.') The faculty of being affected by a sensa- tion. Perception. Sensibility, as well as the senses themselves. See Sense.
.ffisthesod'ic, JEathesod'ictia, {seatheaia, and '060^, 'a way.') Having the faculty of conveying sen- sation. The gray matter of the cord has been called the seatheaodic auhatance, because it is the path of sensory impressions.
JEsthete'rion, {aia^tjTTiptov,) (from seatheaia.) Sensorium.
.ffisthet'ica, (same etymon.) Diseases affect- ing the sensations. Dullness, depravation or abo- lition of one or more of the external organs of sense. The 2d order, class Neurotica, of Good. Also, agents that effect sensation.
.ffisti'vus, {a-ataa, ' summer.') Estival.
^ffistua'rium., (from ustua.) Stove,
JEstua'tio, Ardor, Ebullition. Fermentation.
.ZEst'US, gen. ^at'iia, (' heat,') Ardor.
iEsT'us Volat'icus. Sudden heat, scorching or flushing of the face.
.ffi'tas, gen. JEta'tia, Age — se. Bona, Adoles- cence— oe. Decrepita, Decrepitude — £e. Mala, Senectus — ae. Provecta, Senectus — ai. Senilis, Senectus — £e. Yirilis, Adult age.
.ffi'ther, gen. JE'theria, E'thcr, (from ai^rip, 'the subtile air of the upper regions,' or from ai^m, ' I burn.') Naph'tha, Li'quor srthe'reua. A vola- tile liquor obtained by distillation from a mixture of alcohol and a concentrated acid. See jEther sulphuricus, and Ether.
^'ther Ace'ticus, see j3ilther Sulphuricus — ae. Anajstheticus, see ^ther Muriaticus — ae. Chlora- tus alcoholicus, Spiritus iEtheris muriatici — sa. Chloricus, Chloroform; Ether, chloric — ae. For- tior. see jEther Sulphuricus.
JE'ther Hyduiod'icus, Hydriod'ie^or lodhy'- dric E'ther, I'odide of Ethyl, (F.) Ether iodhy- drique : obtained by mixing alcohol, parts v. ;' iodine, parts x. ; and phoaphorua, one part, and distilling. It is usod for iodine inhalation. .^'ther Hyi>robko'micus, Ether, Ilydrobromio.
24
^THER
iETIOLOGIA
^'ther Hydrochlo'ricus, ^ther muriaticus. ^'ther Hydhocvan'icus, jE. Prua'aicm, Hy- drocyan'ic, or Prua'sic E't/ier, Jitjdroci/'anate or Cy'anide of Ethylen, Cyau'uret <J Eth'yf, {¥.) Ether Hyfrocynniqite, has been advised in wlioop- ing-cougli, and where the hydrocyanic acid is in- dicated. Dose, 6 drops.
^'ther Ligno'sus, Acetone — se. Martialis, Tinctura sulphurico-aetheroa ferri.
^'ther Muriat'icus, JE. Hydrochlo'ricus, Mu- riat'ic, Ch/urohy'dric or Murine' E'ther, Mu'riute of Eth'ylen, Chlo'ride of Eth'yl. This ether, on account of its volatility, can only be kept in cool places. It has the properties of the other ethers, and when used is generally mixed with an equal bulk of alcohol. It has been employed as an anaesthetic. See ^ther Sulphuricus.
A Chlo'rinated Chlorohy'dric or Muriatic E'ther, ^ther rnuriat'icua trichlora'tuH, jEther anneathet'- icu8, (F.) Ether Chlorhydriqne chlori, formed by the action of Chlorine on Chlorohydric Ether, has been introduced into practice as a local anaesthetic. ^'ther Muriat'icus Alcohol,'icus, Spiritus aetheris muriatici — ae. Muriatieus trichloratus, see ^ther muriatieus — a3. Nitrico-alcoholicus, Spiritus aetheris nitrici — ae. Nitricus, see ^ther sulphuricus — £8. Nitricus Alcoolisatus, Spiritus aetheris nitrici — dd. Nitrosus, Ether, Nitrous, see ^ther Sulphuricus — £e. Phosphoratus, see ^ther Sulphuricus — ae. Prussicus, ^ther Hydrocyan- icus — ae. Purus, see jEther Sulphuricus — ae. Pyro-aceticus, Acetone.
^'ther Sulphu'ricus, ^'ther (Ph. U. S.), ^. Vitriol' icu8, Naph'tha Vitri'oli sen Snlphu'rica, Ojleum j^itri'ole dul'ce, Sulphxi'ric E'ther, (F.) Ether, Ether stdftirique, vitrinlique ou hydratique. Ether prepared from sulphuric acid and alcohol. JE'ther rectifica'tus, Rec'tified E'ther, prepared by distilling 12 oz. from a mixture of aulphuric ether, f^xiv., fused potansa, ^ss., and distilled water, f^ij., is a limpid, colorless, very inflam- mable volatile liquid ; of a penetrating and fra- grant odor, and hot pungent taste. Its s. g. is 0-732.
JE'ther Sulphu'ricus, Sulphu'ric E'ther of the Pharmacopoeia of the United States (1842), ^ther of succeeding editions, is formed from stronger alcohol, Ovi., sulphuric acid, ,^xxxvi., potassa, gr. ccelx., distilled toater, f.^iij., distilling and redistilling according to the process there laid down. The specific gravity of this ether is 0*760. ^'ther For'tior (Ph. U. S.), uE'ther Purus, (Ph. Br., 1867), Strouy'er E'ther, Pure Ether, is made by agitating ether with chloride of calcium, lime, and an equal quantity of water ; decanting the ether after standing, and distilling off half the amount of the ether used. Its 8. g. is 0'728. Used for inhalation as an anaesthetic.
Ether is a ditfusible stimulant, narcotic and antispasmodic, and is, externally, refrigerant. Dose, gtt. XXX. to f^iss. It has been prescribed internally also in the form of capsules — Pearls of ether — or externally, by shaking up with white of egg, in the form of gelatinized ether. When it is inhaled, it is found to be a valuable anaesthetic agent, and is employed with advantage in spas- modic affections, and in surgical operations, or, externally, as a local anaesthetic, in the form of ether spray. See Aniusthctic.
The Parisian Codex had an jE'ther ace'ticus, Naph'tha Ace'ti, (F.) JCther ac^tique ; an ^Ether mnriat'icua Bc\i hi/drorlil„' ricus, (F.) Ether chlor- hudrique ; an jEther ni'tricns seu nitro'sus, (F.) Ether nitrique ou nitreux ou azoteux ; and an Either phosphora'tus. They all possess similar virtues. See Aniesthetic.
jE'thkr SuM'Hti'KictiH Ac"iDrs, Elixir acidum Haileri — ». Suljihuricus cum nl<;<)holc, Sj)iritu8 BBtheriK sulphurici — so. Sulphuricus cura aftsohole aromatious, Spiritus aetheris aromatious.
^'ther Terebinthina'tus, Terebinth' inatf^d ether, made by mixing gradually two pounds of alcohol, and half a pound of spirit of tuipentint, with two pounds of concentrated nitric acid, and distilling one-half the mixture with a gentle hent, is employed externally and internally in biliary calculi, rheumatism, &c. Dose, 20 to 40 drops, in honey or yolk of egg.
JE'ther Vitriol'icus, -lEther sulphuricus. .ffithe'rea Her'ba, Eryngium maritimum. iEthe'real, uEthe'reus, Ethe'reol, Ethe'renus, (F.) Ethere, (from mther.) An ethereal tincture, (F.) Teinture itheree, Etherole, is one formed by the action of sulphuric ether, at the ordinary temperature, on medicinal substances. An ethe- real is a volatile oil. See Olea Volatilia.
^the'reo-oleo'sa (Remedia), (from sethero- leum, 'a. volatile oil.') Remedies, whose properties are dependent upon the volatile oil they contain. .Etherisa'tio, Etherization, ^therisa'tus, Etherized, ^therism'us, Etherism. JEthero'lea, Olea volatilia. .ffithiop'icus La'pis, Ethiopian stone. A stone formerly supposed to be possessed of considerable virtue.
£thiopifica'tio, ^thiopmpoe'sis, JEthiopism'vs, Ethiopia' sis, {jEthiops, a.xid facei'e, 'to make.') The mummy-like coloring of the skin, induced at times by the use of mercurial ointment, and seen in bodies poisoned by arsenic. .ffithiopio'sis, iEthiopiticatio. .ffithi'opis, Salvia sclarea. .Ethiopism'us, ^thiopificatio. .Ethiopopoe'sis, [nouu), *I make,') ^thiopi- •ficatio.
.E'thiops, gen. ^thi'opis, (ai&ta, 'I burn,' and w\l/, 'countenance.') A black or burnt counte- nance. The ancients gave this name to certain black oxides and eulphurets of metals.
^'thiops Alb'us, Albino — ae. Alcalisatus, Hy- drargyrum cum creta — a. Animal, see Choroidea Tunica.
.^'thiopr Martia'lis, Mar'tial E'thiops, Fer'ri Deutox'ydnm ni'grum, Oxidum Ferroso ferricum, (F.) Oxide Noir de Fer. The black deutoxide of iron : once in repute as a tonic. See Oxidum Ferri nigrum.
.iE'THiops Mercurialis, Hydrargyri sulphur- etum nigrum — ae. Mineralis, Hydrargyri sul- phuretum nigrum — ae. Narcoticus, Hydrargyri sulphuretum nigrum — ae. per se, Hydrargyri oxidum cinereum — ae. Saccharatus, Hydrargy- rum saccharatum — ae. Yegetabilis, see Fucus vesiculosus.
^tbol'iceS, (a(^oAt(f£f, pi. of (u^o)<i^, from ai^w, 'I burn,' and ^Xtoj, 'the sun.') Fiery pustules on the skin. Some have considered them to have been hoiU.
.Ethu'sa, (from at^w, *I burn/) Ammi, Sison ammi. ^^thu'sa Cyna'pium, FooVs Pars' ley, (F.) Ethuse, Faux Persil, Cigne Petite. Family, Um- bellifera\ Sex. Syst. Pontandria Digynia. A poisonous plant, which has been mistaken for true parsley, producing nausea, vomiting, head- ache, giddiness, sopor, and at times fatal results. It resembles conium in its action.
.ffiriiu'sA Me'um, Me'vm, M. Athaman'ticuvi seu Anethifo'lium, Athaman'ta Me'vm, Ligus'- ticum Capilla'ceum seu Me'um, Ses'eli Me'um, Me'u, Piidix ursi'na, Spignel, Baldmouey, (F.) Eihnie Mhan. The root has been advised as carminative, stomachic, Ac. .E'tia, iairta.) Cause.
Aeti'oi Phleb'es, {atnoi (pXePa, 'eagle veins,*) Temporal veins.
JEtiolog"ia, ^tinVngy, Etiol'ogy, Aitinlog' i", (atria, 'cause,' and >o- 'k. ' a discourse.') The i.oc- trine of the causes of d.^cusc.
^TION
AGARIC
25
JSE'tion, {airtov,) Cause.
JEti'tes, or Aeti'tes, {aeroi, ' an eagle/) Eagle- gtone, (F.) Pierre d'Ai(jle, Hydrate de tritoxide de fer. This stone was formerly supposed to facili- tate delivery, if bound on the thigh; and to pre- vent abortion, if bound on the arm. It was also called Ln'piii Col'lymns.
.Eto'lion, Cnidia grana.
Af, as a prefix, see Ad.
Af'fadil, Narcissus pseudo-narcissus.
A.fffidissement, (F.) {fade, 'insipid.') That •ondition of the digestive function in which the appetite is diminished, the sense of taste blunted, and the action of the stomach enfeebled; a state usually accompanied by general languor.
Affaiblissetnent, (from faible, ' weak,') As- thenia.
Affaires, Menses.
Affaisseinent, (af, and faix, 'weight,') Col- lapsus.
Aflfect', see AflFections.
Affec'tio, gen. Affectio'nia, {ajfficio or affectnre,
— ad and favere, — * to move or influence.') Affection — a. Arthritica Cordis, Cardiagra — a. Hypochondriaca, Hypochondriasis — a. Hysterica, Hysteria — a. Sarmatica, Plica — a. Tympanitica, Tympanites.
Atfec'tiou, Affec'tio. Any mode in which the mind or body is affected or modified.
Affection Folijuruiue, Lithuria — a. Typhdide, 8ee Typhus — a. Vaporeune, Hypochondriasis.
Affectio'nes Anlmi, Affections of the mind.
Affections de I'Aine, Affections of the mind.
Affec'tions of the Mind, Affec'tus seu Passio'- nes seu Affectio'nes seu Coiiquaasatio' iiea seu Coii- fusio'tiea seu Turbatio'nea seu Perturbatio'nea an'imi, (F.) Affectiona de Vdme, include not only the different passions, as love, hatred, jealousy, Ac, but every condition of the mind that is ac- companied by an agreeable or disagreeable feel- ing, as pleasure, fear, sorrow, &c.
In Pathology, Affection, Affect', Pa'thoa, Pathe'- ma, is synonymous with disease: thus we speak of a. pulmonary affection, a, calculous affection, Ac.
Affec'tive. That which affects, touches, Ac. Gall gives the term affective facultiea, (F.) Fac- ultea offectivea, to functions dependent upon the organization of the brain, comprising the senti- ments, affections, Ac.
Affec'tus, gen. Affec't{i,a, 'Passion — a. Animi, Affections of the mind — a. Faucium pestilens, Cynanche maligna — a. Hyderodes, Hydrops — a. Spasmodico-convulsivus labiorum, Neuralgia, facial.
Afferent, Af'/erena, Ad'vehena, Centrip' etal, Eaod'ic, (from affero, — ad and fero, *I carry,'
— 'I bring.') Conveying inwards, as from the periphery to the centre. The vessels which con- vey the lymph or chyle to the lymphatic glands, are called afferent or infereiU, vaaa afferen' tia seu inferen'tia. Also, nerves that convey impressions towards the nervous centres — nervi entobsenon'tea.
Affion, Affinm, O/'finnu Opium. See Papa- ver. The Bantamese thus designate an electuary of which opium is the basis, and which they use as an excitant. M. Aubergier calls the indigenous opium, prepared by him in France, Affinm.
AfBa'tus, gen Affla'ttla, Adfla'tua, Epipnoi'a, {af, and Jlare, ' to blow.') Any air that strikes the body and produces disease.
Affluence, Af'jlax, (from affluere, — af, and Jluere, 'to flow,' — * to flow to.') A flow or deter- mination of humors, and particularly of blood, towards any part.
Afflux, Afiluence.
Afflux'us, gen. Afflux'tia, Fluxion.
Affrodile, Narcissus pseudo-narcissus.
Affronternent, see Affronter.
Affronter, (F.) {nf, amd frona, gen. frontis, ' front.') To bring together. To approximate
the edges of a wound as close as possible. The action is termed affronternent.
Affu'sio, gen. Aff'uaio'nia, {ad, and fundere, fnaum, ' to pour.') Affusion — a. Frigida, see Af- fusion— a. Orbicularis, Placenta.
Affil'sion, Aff'u'aio, Proa'chyaia, Epich'yaia. The action of pouring a liquid on any body. Af- fnaiona, Mhyptolu' aim', cold and warm, are used in different diseases. The cold affusion, Affa'ain seu Perfu'aio frig"ida, is said to have been beneficial in cutting short typhus fever and scarlatina, if used during the first days. It consists in placing the patient in a tub, and pouring cold water over him; then wiping him dry, and putting him to bed. The only precaution necessary is, to use it in the state of greatest heat and exacerbation ; not when chilliness, or topical inflammation, is present.
Af'ium, Opium, see Papaver.
Afterbirth, Secundines.
Af terburthen, Secundines.
Afterdamp, see Hydrogen, carburetted.
Af terpains, see Pains, labor.
Ag, in composition, see Ad.
Ayncement, (F.) (from UKai^ttv, *to sharpen.') The setting on edge.
Affacetnent des Dents. A disagreeable sen- sation experienced when acids are placed in con- tact with the teeth. Tooth-edge. Setting the teeth on edge.
Agacement des Nerfs. A slight irritation of the system, and particularly of the organs of sense and locomotion, corresponding nearly to the English Fid'geta. The painful restlessness of the lower extremities, occasionally witnessed, in ner- vous affections more especially, has been termed anxi'etas tibia'rum.
A'gah, Intermittent Fever.
Agalacta'tio, Agalactia.
Agaiac'tia, (a, and yaXa, gen. yaXa^croj, ' milk.') Agalax'ia, Agalac'tio, Agalacta'tio, Defec'tus lac'tia, Oligoga'lia, Oligogalac'tia, (F.) Agalaxie, Absence of milk in the mammae.
Agalax'ia, Agalactia.
Af/alaacie, Agalactia.
Agal'lochum, {aya^Xoj^ov, from ayaXXo), 'I deco- rate,') Cahunbae, Calambouk, Lig'nitm Agal'locki ve'ri seu Al'oea seu Aapal'athi, Xylodloea, Al'oea- wood. A resinous and very aromatic wood of the East Indies, from Excfeca'ria Agal'locha, Cynome'- tra Agal' lochuni, Aloex'ylon Agal'lochum. Used in making pastiles, &c., according to Dioscorides, Oribasius, and Paulus.
Ag'amous, (a, and ya/<ea>, *I marry.') See Cryptogamous.
Aganos'takis, see Ophthalmoscope.
Ag'aric, Agar'icum, Agar'icua. A genus of plants in the Linnaean system, some of which are edible, others poisonous. (It is supposed to have been called ayapucov from Agaria, a town and re- gion of , Sarmatia,) — Dioscorides. Among the edible varieties of the Boletus, the following are the chief: — 1. The Agar'icun edu'lis seu Arven'^ aia seu Sylvat'icus seu Campca'tria, (F.) Agaric comeatible. Champignon de couche. 2. The Agar'- icua odora'tua, (F.) Mouaaeron. The most com- mon poisonous varieties are the Agar'iciia neca'- tor, (F.) Agaric meurtrier ; and, 3. The Agariciii a'cria, (F.) Agaric acre; besides the Auranite, a sub-genus, which includes several species. Oni of the most delicate is the Agaricua Auranti'acua, but care must be taken not to confound it wit! the A. Paeudoaurantiacua, which is very poison' ous. The A. aurantiacus is called, in French^ Orange. See Boletus.
Agaric dcre, see Agaric — a. Amndouvier, Boletus laricis — a. Blanc, Boletus laricis-- a. de Chene, Boletus igniarius — a. Comeatible, se^ Agaric — a. Edulis, see Agaric — a. Female Boletus igniarius — a. Meunrier, see Agaric
26
AGARICUM
AGNATHIA
— a. Necator, see Agaric — a. of the Oak, Boletus iguiariua — a. Odorant, Daedalea suaveolens — a. Odoratus, see Agaric — a. Optimus, Boletus laricis — a. White, Boletus laricis.
Agar'icum, Agaric, Boletus igniarius. Agar'icus, Agaric, Boletus igniarius — a. Al- bus, Boletus laricis — a. Arvensis, see Agaric — a. Aurantiacus, see Agaric, Amanita}, Bolites — a. Auriculseforma, Peziza auricula — a. Campestris, see Agaric — a. Chirurgorum, Boletus igniarius — a. Igniarius, Boletus igniarius — a. Laricis, Bole- tus laricis — a. Pseudo-aurantiacus, see Agaric, Amanitae — a. Quercfts, Boletus igniarius — a. Sylvaticus, see Agaric. Agar'ified, see Feverish.
Agastr oner 'via, (F.) Agastronei-vie^ {n, yaarrjp, * stomach,' and vevfMv, ' nerve.') Want of nervous action in the stomach.
Agasyl'lis Gal'banum, (ayaduAXts,) Bubon gal- banum.
Ag'athis Damar'ra, (from ayaSis, ' a clew of thread,') Pinus damarra.
Agatbosm'a Crena'ta, {aya&os, 'good,' and •fff07, 'odor.') Diosma crenata.
Agath'otes Chirayi'ta, {aya&orris, < goodness,') Gentiana Chirayta.
Aga've America'na, (corr. from ayavos, * admi- rable,') A. Ramo'sa, Amer'ican Ay'nve, Amer'- ican al'oe, JIagney. Nat. Ord. Bromeliacese. Sex. Syst. Hexandria Monogynia. This plant has been considered diuretic and antisyphilitic. The favorite drink of the Mexicans — Pulque — is the fermented juice of the plant. Aga've Ramo'sa, A. Americana. Aga've Virgin'ica, Rattlesnake's mae'ter, False al'oe, — grows in the Southern States. The root is very bitter. It has been used in tincture as a carminative in oolic j and as a remedy for bites of serpents.
Age, Heli'kia, ^'tas ; (of uncertain etymon.) Period of life. Time that has elapsed since birth, Ac. Five ages are often designated in the life of man : 1. First infancy {In/an' tia) ; 2. Second infancy {Puerit"ia) ; 3. Adolescence {AdoleH- cen'tia); 4. The adult or virile age ( Viril'itaa, Mas viri'lis, (F.) Virilite ; 6. Old age, (Old Eng.) Elth, {Senec'tus.)
Age de Metour, (F.) ('age of return.') The time of life when the vital powers begin to be diminished, as at the approach of old age. See Menses.
Agenei'os, (oycvcwj, from a, and yeveiov, * beard.') Imberbis.
Afft'nesie, Agenesis.
Ageu'esis, (a, and yeveaig, 'generation,') (F.) A'jeitenie. Imperfect development of any part of the body ; as cerebral agenesis, i. e. imperfect development of the brain in the foetus. See Monster. Agenne'sia, {aytwtiaia,) Impotence, Sterilitas. Agenne'sis, Impotence, Sterilitas. Agenoso'muB, (a, ytwau), ' I generate,' and ffu/za, * body.') A malformation in which the fissure and eventration are chiefly in the lower part of the abdomen ; the urinary or sexual appa- ratus absent, or very rudimentary.
Agetis MiprhlftqueH. See Agent — «. ThSra- pentufuen, Bi-c Agent.
A'gent, A' gens, {agere, ' to act.') Any power which produces, or tends to produce, an effect on the human body. Morbific agents, (F.) Age7is tnorhifiques, are the causes of disease; — thera- peutical agents, (F.) Ayens thirapentiques, the means of treating it. A'ger Batu'rsB, 'field of nature,' Uterus. A^era'sia, fiiHt-tiesren'tia, (a, and ytipas, 'old age. ) A vigorous and green old age.
Age'ratum, (<iyij^>«ro^,) Achillea ageratum — a. Altissimuin, Eu})!itorium ageratoides. Age'ratuB La'pis, (ayijporoj Xi3tjf.) A stone used
by cobblers to polish shoes. It was formorlj esteemed discutient and astringent.
Ages, Palm.
Ageus'ia, (a, and yevms, ' taste,*) Ageustia.
AgeUSt'i^., (ayevtma,) Agheus'tia, Ageusia, Apo* geua'tia, Apogeu'sis, Dyssesthe'sia gustato'ria, Par^ ageu'sis. Diminution or loss of taste, Anseathe'air- lingua', P'lu Gustatoria.
Agglom'erate, Agglomera'tua, (from agglome- rare, — ay, and glomerare, ' to wind up yarn in a ball,' — ' to collect together.') Applied to tumors or glands in aggregation.
Agglu'tinant, Agglu'tinans, Collet'icus, Glu'- tinans, {ag, and gluten, 'glue,) (F.) Agglutinant, Agglutinatif, Glutinatif, Culletique. Remedies were formerly so called, which were considered capable of uniting divided parts.
Plasters are called agglvtinants, (F.) aggluii- natifs, which adhere strongly to the skin. Cer- tain bandages are likewise so termed; (F.) Ban- delettea ngglutinatives.
Agglu'tinate, Agylutina're. The French use- the word agglutiner in the sense of 'to reunite;' as agglutiner les l^vrea d'nne plaie, ' to reunite the lips of a wound.'
Afffflutinatiff Agglutinant.
Agglutiua'tio, Agglutination, Coition.
Agglutina'tioU, Agglutina'tio, CoUe'sis, Epi- colle'sis, Proscolle' sis, Glutina'tio. The first de- gree of adhesion. Also, the action of agglutinants.
Agglutiner, To agglutinate.
Ag'gregate, Aggrega'tus, (from aggregare, — ag, and gregure, — ' to flock together,' ' to assemble to- gether.') Glands are called aggregate which are in clusters. See Peyeri Glandulae. Aggregate pills, (F.) Pihdes agregatives, signified, formerly, those which were believed to contain the proper- ties of a considerable number of medicines, and to be able to supply their place.
Agheust'ia, Ageustia.
Aghoul, Agul.
Agiaha'lid or Agiha'lid or Agraha'lid. An Egyptian and Ethiopian shrub, similar to Xime'- nia. The Ethiopians use it as a vermifuge. The fruit is purgative.
Agiha'lid, Agiahalid.
Agissantf {agir, 'to act.') Active.
Agita'tion, Agita'tio, Done' sis. (ngere, 'to act,') Constant and fatiguing motion of the body, Ttfr'- be, Tyrba'sia, lu'quies, — or distressing mental inquietude, — An'imi agita'tio.
Agitato'rlus, Convulsive.
Ag'lithes, see Allium.
Aglohulie, see Anaemia.
Aglos'sia, {ay\(jjaaia, from a, and yXuoaa, 'the tongue.') Aglott'ia. A malformation, which con- sists in the want of a tongue.
Aglossos'toma, gen. Aglossostom' atis, {aglossia, and arofia, * mouth.') A mouth without a tongue.
AglOSSOStomog'raphy, Aglossostomogra'phia, {a, yAwcrtra, ' the tongue,' oTOjxa, ' the mouth,' and ypatpm, ' I describe.') Description of a mouth without a tongue.
Aglot'tia, (ayXwrr/a,) Aglossia.
Aglutifion, Aglntit"io, (a, and glutire, 'to swallow.') A hybrid term, designating impossi- bility of swallowing.
Ag'ma, gen. Ag'niatio, (ayfia,) Fracture.
Aginatolog"ia, {ujma, and Aoyof, *a descrip- tion.') The doctrine of fractures. A treatise on fractures.
Ag'mS, Fracture.
Ag'mina Digito'rum Ma'nns, {agmen, ag- minit, 'a phalanx or troop.') Phalanges of the fingers — a. Mcmbrana, Amnion.
Ag'minated Glands, Peyer's glands.
Ag'nail, Hangnail.
Agna'thia, (a, and yvadog, 'jaw.') A malfor' mation, which consists in the want of the jaw, especially of the lower.
AGNINA
AGUE
27
Agni^na Membra'na, {agnus, ' a lamb.') Am- nion.
AgncB'a, Agnoia.
Agnoi'a, {ayvoia, from a, and yivow/fw, * I know/) Af/iKje'a. State of a patient who does not recog- nize individuals.
Ag'nus Cast'US, (ayvos,) Vitex.
Ago'g6, {ayioyrj, from ayta, 'I lead/ or 'drive.') The order or condition of a disease. Likewise the state of the air.
Agogae', (aywyos, ' a leader.') A suffix. Hence Cholatjogue, a leader or expeller of bile ; Hydra- gogue, &Q.
Agomphi'asis, Agompho'eis, (a, and yofKJxxa, * I nail.') Looseness of the teeth. See Gomphi- asis.
Agompho'sis, Agomphiasis.
A'gon, (aywi/, ' a combat.') Agony.
Ag'one, ^from agonoa ; being supposed to cause iterility.) Hyoscyamus.
AgOU'ia, (ayovca,) Agony, (ayavia,) Sterilitas.
Agon^ia Bark, Plumifera lancifolia.
Agonism'a, gen. Agonism'atia, Agony.
Agonism'us, Agony.
Agonis'tica, {ayotv, 'a combat.') The part of ancient gymnastics, which had reference to the combats of the Athletae.
Also, very cold water, given internally to calm febrile heat.
Agoni'zans, Psyohorages.
Ag'onos, {ayovos, from a, and yovos, 'seed.') Sterile.
Ag'ony, Agon'ia, A'gon, Agonia'ma, Agonia'- mna, Moch'thua, Mo'gua, P8yckorag"ia, Paychor- rhag"ia, An'gor, Throe, Throw, (Sc.) Deadthraw, Patient of death ; (aymv, 'a combat.') The last struggle of life. The agony, which is of longer or shorter duration, is characterized by great change in the features, gradual abolition of sensa- tion and motion, loss of voice, dryness or lividity of the tongue and lips, rattling in the throat, small and intermittent pulse, and coldness of the extremities. This state is not present in those who die suddenly. See Facies Hippocratica.
Agos'tus, (ayoCTT-oj, from ayi>t, 't lead.') The forearm from the elbow to the fingers. Also, the palm of the hand. See Palm.
A'gra, [tiypa, from aypeu, ' I seize hold of.') A seizure, "as Odontagra, a tooth seizure, toothache ; Chiragra, Podagra, <fcc.
Agrafe de Valentin. A kind of forceps with parallel branches, employed by Valentin in the operation for harelip, to aS'ect the approximation of the edges of the wound.
Agraha'lid, Agiahalid.
Agraph'ia, [a, and ypacfaiv, *to describe, to write.') A form of cerebral disorder, in which there is, as in aphasia, as regards speech, a total or partial inability to express ideas by written lymbols. See Aphasia.
Agretnie, {agra, and aifia, 'blood.') The al- tered condition of the blood in gout.
A'gria, (aypioi, ' wild.') See Herpes, and Li- chen agrius.
Agriam'pelos, {ay^iaynnXoiy from aypios, ' wild,' and aftrrfiXoj, ' vine.') Bryonia alba.
Agt'le, (from aypa, *a seizure.') Gout.
Agrielco'sis, {ayino^, ' wild/ and iXKu>ais, 'ulcer- ation.') A malignant ulceration.
Agrifo'lium, Ilex aquifolium.
Agrimo'nia, (corrupted from Argemone.[?]) Agrimony — a. Eupatoria, Agrimony — a. Odorata, Agrimony — a. Officinalis, Agrimony.
Agrimo'nia Parviflo'ra, Smali Jlow'ered or Sweet-acented Ag'rtmony. Indigenous ; has similar properties to A. Eupatoria. See Agrimony.
Ag'rimony, Agrimo'nia, A. eupato'ria seu odora'ta seu ojffieina'lia, Caf'al, Lap'ptda hepat'- ica, Cocklebur, Stick' wort, (F.) Aigremoine. Ord. Rosaceae. Sex. Syat. Icosandria Digynia. A mild
astringent and stomachic. Dose, in powder, from
di- to 3J-
Ag'rimony, Hemp, Eupatorium cannabinum — a. Small-flowered, Agrimonia parviflora — a. Sweet-scented, Agrimonia parviflora.
A'griocast'anum, (aypios, 'wild, and maravov, ' chestnut.') Bunium bulbocastanum, Lycoperdon tuber.
A'griocin'ara, (ayptog, ' wild,' and Kivapa, * arti- choke.') Sempervivum tectorum.
A'griococcime'lea, {aypioi, 'wild/ kokkos, 'a berry,' and firiXov, ' an apple.*) Prunus spinosa.
A'griorig'anum, {aypiopiyavov, from ayptoi, ' wild,' and opiyavov, ' marjoram.') Origanum majorana.
A'grioseli'nnm, (aypioatXivov, from aypios, 'wild,' and veXivov, ' parsley.') Smyrnum olusatrum.
A'griothym'ia, {aypios, 'wild/ and ^v/aos, 'dis- position.') Ferocious insanity.
A'gripalm'a Gal'lis, {ayptog, 'wild/ and pa^ma, 'palm.') Leonurus cardiaca.
Agrip'pa, ^grip'pn, (from seger partua, 'diflB- cult birth;' or perhaps from aypa, 'taking or seizure,' and trovs, ' the foot.') This term has been given to those born by the feet. It is pretended that the family of Agrippa obtained their name from this circumstance. Parturition, where the feet present, is called Agrip'pee par'tua, Agrippi'- nua par'tna.
Agrippae Par'tus, see Agrippa.
Agrippi'nus Par'tus, see Agrippa.
Agro di Cedro, see Citrus medica.
Agrop'yrum Laevis'simum, [aypos, 'a field/ and TTvpog, ' wheat.') Triticuni repens.
Agrostem'ma Githa'gO, gen. Agroatem'matia, (from aypoi, 'a field,' and artmia, 'a garland/) Lychnis githago.
Agrost'is, (aypwtTTis, 'grass;' from aypog, 'a field.') Bryonia alba — a. Verticillata, Andro- pogon muricatus.
Agru'na, Prunus spinosa.
Agrune'la, Prunus spinosa.
Agryp'uia, {aypvnvia, from ayptog, 'wild,* and viTvog, ' sleep.') Insomnia.
Agrypnoco'ina, gen. Agrypnoco'matia, («9''^/>- nn8 and coma.) Coma vigil.
Agrypno'des, (from aypvirvoi, 'sleepless/ and odea.) Characterized by sleeplessness, as Fe'hria Agrypno'des, a fever accompanied with sleepless- ness.
Agrypnot'io, Agrypnoticus, Anthypnotic.
Agryp'nus, (wypum/of, from aypto^, 'wild/ and Wof, ' sleep.') Sleepless, vigilant.
Agua de Vemga, see Verugas.
Aguardiente, {Q.) {'hot vmiiGY.') Brandy. See also Spirit — a. de Italia, see Spirit — a. de Piaeo, see Spirit.
A'gue, (from Gothic agia, 'trembling.') [?] Intermittent fever; often used in the same sense as chill or rigor.
A'gue and Fe'ver, Intermittent fever.
A'gue, Brasspound'ers'. A series of morbid phenomena, resembling ague, in those who are exposed to the fumes of deflagrating zinc in brasa foundries.
A'gue, Brow, see Neuralgia, facial.
A'gue Cake, Placen'ta febri'lia seu eple'nica, Phyaco'nia aple'nica, Sple'via Tu'mor, Hypertro- phia Miaamatica Lienie, (F.) Odtean febrile. A visceral obstruction — generally in the spleen — which follows agues, and is distinctly felt by ex- ternal examination. To a greater or less degree, it is not uncommon.
A'gub, Bead, see Fever, masked.
A'gue Dhop, Taste'lkss, Liquor arsenioalis.
A'gue, Dumb, see Fever, masked — a. Face, Neuralgia, facial.
A'gue, Free, Laurus sassafras — a. Grass, Aletris farinosa.
A'gue, Leap'ing, see Leaping ague.
28
AGUE
A'GUE Plant. A term applied to transparent cottony flocks in the urine, scarcely visible to the naked eye, said to be developed in the organism of intermittent fever patients.
A'guk Poi'son, see Intermittent fever — a. Quar- tan, Quartan — a. Root, Aletris farinosa — a. Ter- tian, Tertian fever — a. Third-day, Tertian.
A'GUE Tree, Laurus sassafras — a. Weed, Eu- patorium perfoliatum.
Agu'ios, (a, and yvtov, 'limb.') Mutilated or wanting limbs. Weak, feeble.
A'gui, Aff'houl, Alha'ijl, Hedysa'rum alhagi. A thorny shrub of Persia and Mesopotamia, which aflfords manna. The leaves are jmrgative. Aguomada, Plumeria lancifolia. Agyr'ias, («/«?»?, 'a collection.') Opacity of the crystalline. Cataract.
Agyr'ta, {ayopTrn, from ayvpis, * a crowd.') For- merly, a stroller who pretended to supernatural powers. Subsequently, a quack or illiterate pre- tender. — See Charlatan.
Agyr'tia, {ayvpTia,) Charlatanry. Aho'ra, (a, privative, and wpa, ' youth.') Tardy development of the organs : the opposite to IJy- perho'ra. Ahouai, Thevetia ahouai. Ahu'sal, Orpiment.
Ahyp'nia, {a, and vm>os, * sleep.') Insomnia. At, Lai, (F.) A Gascon name for a tumefaction of the fibro-synovial couliaaes of the tendons in general, but most frequently noticed in the course of the external radial tendons of the abductor longus, and extensor brevis pollicis. It is accom- panied by a peculiar crepitation ; (F.) Teualgie or Tenosynite cripitante. — Velpeau. Aiaultf Narcissus pseudo-narcissus. Aide, (F.) Ad'jntor min'inte>: An aid or as- sistant to a surgeon in his operations. Aido'icif Gennetici.
Aidoioma'nia, {aiioia, 'genital organs,' and mania.) Nymphomania. Aier'sa, Iris Germanica. Aige, ^gias.
Aigle, Min'eral "Wa'ters of. Near the city of this name, in Normandy, is the chalybeate spring of St. Xantin, much used in the 16th and 17th centuries. Aigle, ^gias.
Aigre, {acer, 'sharp.') Acidulous — a. Voix. See Acid.
Aigrdet, (from acer, 'sharp.') Acidulous. Aigrette, (from acer, 'sharp.') Rumex aceto- sus, see Typha latifolia. Aigrenudne, Agrimony. Aigreurs, Acidities. Aigu, Acute.
Aigues-Bonnes, see Bonnes. Aigues-Caudes, Min'eral "Wa'ters of, Aigues- chaudi'.H, Eaux chaudea, Aquie cal'idie. Sulphur- ous springs, about six miles from Bonnes, Basses Pyrenees, in France: five in number, the temper- ature of which is respectively about 70°, 81°, 92°, «3°, and 95°. They are visited from the lirst of July to November.
AlguPH-Chatidea, see Aignea-Camles. Aiguille, (from dim. of acu«.) Needle — a.d Acupuncture, see Needle, acupuncture — a. d Ap- pareil, see Needle — a. d JJec de li^ore, sec Nee- dle, harelip — a. d Cataracte, see Needle, cataract • — a. d Contre-ouverture, see Needle for a coun- teropcning, and Needle, Seton — a. de Denchamps, see Needle, Deschamps' — a. Engainee, see Needle for a counteropening — fj. d F'intnle, see Needle, fistula — a. d Gaine, see Needle for a counteropen- ing — a. d Zigalnre, see Needle, ligature — a. d Manche,ROQ Needle, Deschamps' — a d S6ton, see Needle, Seton — a. d Suture, see Needle, suture. AlgulUon, {¥.) (from acug.), Spi'na flelmon'tii. ♦enn used since the time of Van Helmont to Hjate the proximate cause of inflammation, ig to him, an iuflamed part is in the same
/'
AIR
condition as if an aiguillon or thorn were thrnsk into it.
Aiguiser, (from aigu, ' sharp.') To acidulate.
Ail, Allium.
Ail, (from (Sax.) ai^lian, 'to be sick.') Dis- ease.
Ailan'thus Glandulo'sa, Cfhineae'- Su'mach, Tree of Heaven, (from oylnnto, an Amboyna word^ signifying ' tree of heaven.') A tree, a native of China, but well known in the United States as a shade-tree. Ord. Xanthoxylacesc. Its flowers have a strong peculiar odor. The powdered bark, in doses of eight or ten grains, has been used as an anthelmintic.
Ailan'tus Excel'sa. A tree of India and Cey- lon, whose bark resembles quassia in its bitter tonic properties.
Aile, Ala. See Aileron.
Aileron, (F.) Extrc'ma A'la seu Pin'nxdn, (dim. of aile, ' a wing.') The extremity of the wing of a bird, to which the great feathers are attached.
Ailerons de la Matrice. Three folds at the base of the broad ligaments of the uterus, which are occupied by the ovary and its ligament, the Fallopian tube, and the round ligament.
Ail'ing, (see Ail.) Sick, Sickly.
Ail'ment, (see Ail.) Disease.
Ai'ma, {&iiia,) see Haema. .
Aitnant, (from adamas.) Magnet.
Aimorrhoe'a, Ha'morrhagia.
Aimor'rhois, Haemorrhois.
Aine, Inguen.
Ainhum. This word, used in Brazil by the negroes, is said to mean 'to saw.' It is described as a spontaneous amputation of the little toes of negroes, unaccompanied by any other aflection or by constitutional derangement, and is met with only in the Ethiopian race — that is, in African negroes — and, much more rarely, in their un- mixed descendants born in Brazil.
Aipathi'a, {neirraSeta, from aei, * ever,' and na^os, 'disease.') Continent disease.
Aipi, Jatropha manihot.
Aipima Coxera, Jatropha manihot.
Aipipoca, Jatropha manihot.
Air, (arip,) Aer, (aw, 'I breathe,') Pneu'ma, Com'mon Air, Atmospher'ie air, (F.) Air atmosph^- rique, is an invisible, transparent, inodorous, in- sipid, ponderable, compressible, and elastic fluid, which, under the form of the atmosphere, sur- rounds the earth to the height of 15 or 16 leagues.'
Air is essentially composed of two gases, oxy- gen and nitrogen, in the proportion of about 20 of the former to 80 of the latter. Oxygen is the vital portion, but the nitrogen is necessary to dilute it. Air also contains a small portion of carbonic acid gas, and has always floating in it aqueous vapor, different terrestrial emanations, (fee. Its effects upon the human body vary ac- cording to its greater or less density, temperature, moisture, <fec. Change of air is found extremely serviceable in the prevention und cure of certain morbid conditions. Sec Climate, and Respiration.
Ai/r Acide Vltriolique, Sulphurous acid — a. Alcalin, Ammonia — o. Atmospherique, Air.
Airblad'dek, Swimldad'der, Swim' ining -Had'' der, The Stcim, Veai'ca natato'ria, (F.) Veaaie natutoire. An abdominal organ in many fishes, sometimes communicating by means of a duct, DuctuH pneumat' icu8, with the alimentary canal, at others, not, which is considered by some to be- long to the respiratory system. Its contents are the elements of atmo.^j)heric nir, but in different proportions; and its chief and general function appears to be to regulate the spccifio gravity of the fish.
Am Cells of the Lungs, Cellules, bronchio, see also Pulmo — a. Chamber, Folliculus aeris — a. Compressed, or Condensed, Atmosphere, com- pressed— a. Cure, Atmosphere, compressed -y-a. De-
AIR
phlogisticated, Oxygen — a. Empyreal, Oxy- 1 gen — a. Factitious, Carbonic acid — a. da Feu, Oxygen — a. Fixed, Carbonic acid — a. Gate, Azote— «. Hepatique, Hydrogen, sulphuretted — a. Injlammahle, Hydrogen, H. carburetted — a. Mephitio, Carbonic acid.
Am Pass'aoes, (F.) Voiea aeriennes, V. a'eri- fcres. Tlie larynx, trachea, bronchia, etc. Air Puant, Hydrogen, sulphuretted. Air, Pure, Oxygen. Air'sacs, see Pulino.
Air, Sol'id, of Hales, Carbonic acid — a. Vesi- cles, see Pulmo — a. Vide, Azote — a. Vital, Oxygen. Airain, {ses, leria, ' brass.') Bell-metal, Brass. Aire, {area, ' a space.') Areola. Airelle Anguleuse, Vaccinium myrtillus — a. Ponctnee, Vaccinium vitis idaea. Airigne, Hook.
Air'threy, Min'eral Wa'ters of. Airthrey is situate about two miles north of Stirling, Scot- land. The waters are saline cathartics ; contain- ing chloride of sodium, chloride of calcium, sul- phate of zinc, and chloride of magnesium. Aisselle, Axilla. Aisthe'sis, {aia^riais,) ^sthesis. Aitch, Pain.
Aithomo'ma, {<u^o(, ' black.') A black condi- tion of all the humors of the eye. Al'tia, (atria,) Cause. Aitiolog'la, ^tiologia. Aitiol'ogy, ^tiologia. Ai'tion, ((UTioi\^ Cause. Aix-La-Chapelle , Min'eral Wa'ters of. Called by the Germans, Aachen. There are six thermal and slightly sulphurous and two cold chalybeate springs. They are chiefly used exter- nally, as vapor baths, douches, <fec. The baths have a reputation for curing scrofula, skin dis- eaases, as acne, psoriasis, &,c., hepatic and renal complaints, &o. See Borcette. The principal constituents of the thermal springs are sulphohy- dric acid gas, carbonic acid gas, carbonate of lime, carbonate of magnesia, carbonate of soda, chloride of sodium, sulphate of soda, and silica. The temperature is 111" to 134° Fahr. The springs are visited at all seasons.
The factitious wa'ter of Aix-la- Ghapelle, A' qua Aquisgranen'sis, (F.) Eau d' Aix-la- Chapelle, is made by adding pure water f^xvijss., to hydro- sulphuretted loater f,^iv., carbonate of soda gr. xx., chloride of sodium gr. ix. — Ph. P.
Aix-les-Bains in the Savoy, Waters of. There are two springs, temperature 116°, a sul- phur and an alum spring, used externally in chronic rheumatism, sciatica, chronic skin dis- eases, <&c.
Aizo'on, (a£j, * ever,' and ^wo?, ' alive.') Sem- pervivum tectorum.
A'juga, (Said to be a corruption of ah'ign, [?]) A. pyramida'lis, Consol'ida me'dia, Bu'gula, B. pyramida'lis, Teu'criiim pyramida'le, Up'right Bu'gloss, Mid'dle Consound, (F.) Bugle pyrami- dale. This plant is subastringent and bitter.
A'juga Cham^'pitys, Teucrium chamaspitys — a. Pyramidalis, Ajuga.
A'juga Rep'tans, Bu'gula, B. reptana, Com'- mon Bu'gle, (F.) Bugle rumpunte, has similar properties.
Akas'ga, Acajah, Boundoii. Bundu, M'Boundon, Icaja, Ikaja, Quai. An orc^al used in the west coast of Africa and Java — Poison d'epreuve des Javanais — (said to be derived from nkasga, which signifies pain or hurt.) A colorless amor- phous substance, obtained from the bark of a plant of the family Loganiacese, by treating with alcohol and evaporating, which is an alkaloid — akasgia. It resembles strychnia both in its chem- ical and physiological properties. Akas'gia, see Akasga.
ALBAN
29
Akat'alis, see Juniperus communis. Akate'ra, see Juniperus communis. Aheidopeirastie, {okv, 'a point,' et^w, 'I know,' and ncipaofiai, ' to try,') Diagnosis made by moans of pointed instruments.
AJeeratodiaphanie, {a, Kepag, gen. Keparos, 'horn' (cornea), 6ia, 'through,' and ^o«vw, 'I shine.') See Caligo. Akine'sia, Acineaia. Akne, Acne. Akne'mia, Acnemia. Akol'ogy, Acology, Materia Medica. Akos'moi, see Acosmia. Akratope'gae, Acratopegae. A'kro, in composition, see Aero. Akrothym'ion, Acrothymion. Ak'sis, (Old Eng.) Intermittent Fever. Al, in composition, see Ad.
A'la, *a wing,' Pin'va, Pte'ryx, (F.) Aile. A term often used by anatomists for parts which project like a wing from the median line; as the A'lse na'si, Alse (7f the u'terus, Ac. See Axilla, and Pavilion of the Ear. Also, Pterygion. A'la Extre'ma, Aileron. Alaba'ma, Min'eral Wa'ters of. Tallahat'ta springs contain sulphur, and salts of iron, lime, and magnesia. But the most noted are those of Bladon. See Bladon, Mineral Waters of. Bai- ley's spring is an acidulo -sulphureous chalybeate. It is fourteen miles from Tuscumbia.
Alabast'er, (,i>a^a(n-pof,) Alahas'trum, (F.) Albdtre, Alabaatri'tes. A variety of compact gypsum ; of which an ointment was once made — the unguen'tnm alabastri'num ; used as a discu- tient. Alabaster likewise entered into several dentifrices. Alabastri'tes, {a^afioujrpiTrji,) (>t^o?,) Alabaster. A'lae, see Ala — a. Intern'se Mino'res Clitor'- idis, Nympha) — a. Magnse, see Sphenoid bone — a. Minores, Nymphae, see Sphenoid bone — a. Muliebres minores, Nymphae — a. Nasi, ."ee Na- sus — a. Pudendi niuliebris. Labia pudendi — a. Pulmonum, see Pulmo — a. of the Uterus, see Ala — a. Vespertilionis, see Uterus. Alagas, Sacrum, Coccyx. Alaire, Alaris. Alaifte, Alese.
Ala'lia, (o, and A(j>£w, ' I speak.') Mutitas. See Aphasia.
AlatnMc, Alembic.
Alanfu'ta. A name given by the Arabians to a vein, situate between the chin and lower lip, which they were in the habit of opening in cases of foetor of the breath.
Alaque'ca. The Hindoostanee name of a stone, found in small, polished fragments, which is con- sidered efiicacious in arresting haemorrhage when applied externally. It is a sulphuret of iron.
Ala'res (pi. of alaris) Mus'culi. Pterygoid muscles.
Ala'res Ve'n^. The superficial veins at the fold of the arm.
Ala'ria Os'sa. The wing-like processes of the sphenoid bone.
Ala'ris, Ala'rius, Aliform'is, CF.) Alaire; (from ala, ' a wing.') Wing-shaped, winged.
Alatern'us, Com'mon, Khamnus alaternus — a. Latifolius, Rhamnus alaternus.
Ala'tUS, Pterygo' des, Ho'mo aln'tus. One whoso scapulae project backwards like wings. Alba (Tunica), Sclerotica. Alba'daran, Alda'baran. The sesamoid bone of the metatarso-phalangeal joint of the great toe. The Rabbis and Magicians attributed extraordi- nary virtues to it. Albagia'zi, Sacrum.
Albament'um, (albus, 'white.') Albumen ovi; Arban, Saint, Min'eral Wa'ters of. A French acidulous chalybeate, in the department of the Loire.
80
ALBAR^S
Al'baraes, Lepra alphoides.
Al'baras Al'ba, Lepra alphoides — a. Ni'gra, Lepra nigricans.
Al'baros, Lepra alphoides.
Alb&tre, Alabaster.
Albe'do (gen. Albe'dinis) Un'guium, {albm, * white.') See Nail.
Arbian, Albino.
Alhin d'CEuff Albumen ovL
Arbinism, see Albino.
Albinism'us, see Albino.
Albi'no, ' white,' Al'bian, ([L.] alhus, * white,') Lencse'ihiops, ^'thiops al'hns, Don' do, (F.) Bla- fard, N^gre-hlnnc. A Spanish word applied to individuals of the human race who have the skin and hair white (Achromodermie and Achromotri- chnmie, of Piorry) ; the iris very pale, bordering on red ; and the eyes so sensible that they cannot bear the light of day. This condition, which has been called Leuceethio'pin, Alpho'sis jEthiop'ica, Albitudo, Albinots'mm, Albinis'mns, Al'biniem, Kakerlaktsm, LeucopafhV a, Leuco'sia, Leucaa'mns universa'lis, Epichro' sis alpho'sis, (F.) Leticithio- pie, is seen more frequently in the Negro. Both sexes are exposed to it. It does not seem to be true that there are tribes of Albinos in the inte- rior of Africa.
Albinois'mas, see Albino.
Albitudo, see Albino.
Albizzia Anthelmintica, see Mesenna.
Al'bor (gen. Alho'ris) O'vi, Albumen ovi.
Al'bora. A kind of itch or complicated lep- rosy, according to Paracelsus.
Albot, Crucible.
Al'botim, Terebinthina.
Albugine, Albugineous.
Albugin'ea, A. Tes'tis, Tu'nica albugin'ea sen fibro'sa seu pro'pria, Perites'tia, Du'ra ma'ter tes'tis, Membra'nn capaula'ris tea'tia, (F.) Albu- ginee, Tunique albxujinie, (albua, 'white.') A strong, fibrous, and resisting membrane, which immediately envelops the testicle, and has, at its upper part, an enlargement, called corpus High- morianum. From its inner surface it sends off a number of flat, filiform prolongations or septa, between which are contained the seminiferous vessels. Externally, it is covered by the tunica vaginalis testis.
Albugin'ea Oc'uli, Sclerotic — a. Penis, see Cavernou« bodies — a. Testis, Albuginea.
Albuginee, Albuginea.
Albugin'eOUS, Albugin'eua, (F.) Albiigini. A term applied to textures, humors, Ac, which are perfectly white.
Albugin'eOUS Fi'bre, (F.) Fibre albuginSe. A name given by Chaussier to what he considers one of the four elementary fibres.
The albugineous fibre is linear, cylindrical, te- nacious, elastic, but little extensible, and of a shining, satiny appearance. It forms fascia) or fasciculi, which constitute the tendons, articular ligaments, and aponeuroses ; hence the name Ai- biigln'eoua mem' branea, given by Chaussier to the fibrous membranes.
Gauthier considered, that the rete mucosum consists of four layers, to two of which he gave the names membra' na a/bngin'ea pm/titi'da and mcmbru'na albugin'ea .aperjicia'lia, respectively.
AUfuyinlte, Albuginitis.
Albugini'tis, gen. Albugini'tidia, (F.) Albugi- nite. A term employed by some authors for in- flammation of the albugineous tissue. Thus, gout and rheumatism are regarded as a species of the genus albuginitis.
Albu'gO, ^geii. Albu'ginia, (from oi6u«, * white,') Loucoina — a. Oculi, see Sclerotic — u. Oculorum, Lrucoma — a. Ovi, Albumen ovi.
Al'bula, ('//6u«, 'white,') Lcucoma.
Arbum Ca'nis, {nlbua, * white,') Album gra)- cum — a. Ceti, Cetaceum.
Al'bum Gb^'CUM, Al'bum Ca'nia, Cynoc'oprua,
ALCAEST
Spn'dinm Grreco'rum, Ster'cua Cani'num Al'bum. The white dung of the dog. It consists almost wholly of phosphate and carbonate of lime, from the bones used as food. It was formerly applied as a discutient gargle in quinsies, and as an anti- epileptic ; but is now justly banished from practice.
Al'bum Ni'guum. The excrement of the mouse.
Al'bum Oc'uli, see Sclerotic.
Al'bum Rha'zis, A white ointment made of cerusse and lard, prescribed by the Arabian phy- sician Rhazes.
Albll'men, gen. Albn'minia, Leuco'ma, Ooni'ne, Ozemun, {albita, 'white,') (F.) Albumine. An immediate principle of animals and vegetables, which constitutes the chief part of the white of egg. It is found in the serum, chyle, synovia, serous fluids, &c. There is not much difference in chemical composition between animal and vege- table albumen, fibrin, and casein. Also, the white of the eye. See Sclerotic, and Albumen Ovi.
Albu'men O'vi, Obleu'con, Ovalbn'mm, Albu'- men, Albu'mor, Albu'go seu Al' bar seu Can'didum O'vi, Cla'reta, Li'quor O'vi al'bvs, Albumeu'ttnn, Albamen'tnm, Lac a'via, Glair, White of egg, (F.) Blanc d'oeuf, (Old F.) Albin d'oevf, is used in phar- macy for suspending oils, <fec., in water. See Ovum,
Albu'men, Sal'ivary, see Saliva.
Albument'um, Albumen ovi.
Albu'menoid, Albuminoid.
Albumenu'ria, Albuminuria.
Albumine, Albumen — «. Ceribrale, Neurine — • a. du Cervean, Neurine.
Albu'ininoid, Albuminoi'dea, less correctly al- bu'menoid, {albumen, and a^oj, 'resemblance.') Resembling albumen, as fibrin, casein, &c. It is often applied to aliments in the same sense aa proteinous.
Albuminoid Degeneration. See Lardaceous.
Albu'minose. The soluble principle of fibrin, identical with the dominant principle of the white of egg according to Bouchardat. According to others, the ultimate product of the transforma- tion, in the stomach, of albuminous matters, which renders them fit for assimilation and nutrition. Albuminose is not coagulable by heat, and incom- pletely so by acids ,• an excess of acid dissolving the precipitate. Robin and Verdeil regard it as synonymous with the casein of the small intestine of Tiedemann and Gmelin, the gelatini/orm matter of the intestine of Provost and Morin, and the casein of the blood of Dumas. See Peptone.
Albumino'sis, {albumen and osis.) A conditioB of the blood, in which the ratio of albumen is in- creased, as in abdominal typhus, variola, ru- beola, &c.
Albuminous Degeneration, see Lardaceous.
Albumiuu'ria, less correctly albumenu'ria. A hybrid term, {albumen, and ovpov, * the urine.') A condition of the urine in which it contains albu- men, the presence of which is indicated by its co- agulation on the application of adequate heat, nitric acid, <fec. The term has been applied also to diseases characterized by such a condition of urine. See Kidney, Bright's Disease of the.
Albuminu'ric, Albuminu'ricua, {F.) Albuminii- riquc. Relating or appertaining to albuminuria. One laboring under Albuminuria.
AUtunUnuror-rhee, {albumen, ovpov, 'urine,' and ^.w, * I flow.') Kidney, Bright's Disease of the.
Albu'mor, Albumen ovi.
Al'caest, Al'caheSi, Al'chaeat, (perhaps from (G.) all,' all,' and g e i s t, ' spirit.') A word in- vented by Paracelsus to designate a liquor, which, according to him, was capable of removing every kind of swelling. The same word was used by Van Helmont for a fancied universal solvent, capable of reducing every body to its elements.
Al'caest of Glau'beh, is a thick liquor ob- tained by detonating nitrate of potassa on hot coals, which transforms it into subcarbonate of potassa.
ALCAEST
ALCOHOL
31
Al'caest op Resp'our is a mixture of potassa and oxide of zinc. Al'cahest, Alcaest. Al'cahol, Alcohol.
Aloales'cence, Alkales' cenee, Alcaleacen'tia. The condition in which a fluid becomes alkaline. Alcales'ch.vcb of the Hu'mors was an old notion of the humorists. It can only occur dur- ing the putrid fermentation of animal matters, which contain azote, and produce ammonia. Al- calin'ity or Alkalinity is the quality of being alcaline.
Al'cali or Aloa'li, Al'hali, (from al, [Arab.,] 'the,' and kali, the name of the Salso'la So' da, a plant which contains a large quantity of one of the principal alkalis, soda.) The alkalis are substances soluble in water, possessing generally a urinous, acrid, and caustic taste, turning the eyrup of violets green, and restoring to blue in- fusion of litmus which has been reddened by acids; reddening the yellow of turmeric, and hav- ing the greatest tendency to unite with acids, whose character they modify, and form salts with them. In medicine we understand by this term Potassa, Soda, Ammonia, or Lithia. bee Alkali.
Soda and potassa ai.xQ fixed alcalis, ammonia is the volatile alcnli.
Al'cali Ammojii'acum Aceta'tiim, Liquor ara- moniae acetatis — a. Ammoniacum fluidum, Liquor ammonias.
Al'cali, Caus'tic, Al'cali Caunt'icum. A pure alkali. One deprived of its carbonic acid.
Al'cali, Fix'bd, see Alcali — a. Fixura tartari- zatum, Potassae tartras — a. Minerale sulphuricum, Soda, sulphate of — a. Tartar! aceto saturatum, Potassae acetas — a. Vegetabile salito-dephlogis- ticatum, Potassae murias hyperoxygenatus — a. Vegetabile tartarizatura, Potassae tartras — a. Vegetabile vitriolatum, Potassas sulphas — a. Vol- atile, see Alcali — a. Volatile acetatr j, Liquor ammonias acetatis — a. Volatile aeratum, Ammo- nias carbonas — a. Volatile ammoniacale, Ammo- nias carbonas — a. Volatile ex sale ammoniaco^ Ammonias carbonas.
Al'caligoiie, {alcali, and yewata, ' I generate,') Azote.
Al'oaline, Al'kaUne, Alcali'nwj AlknU'nus, (P.) Alcalin. Having the properties of an alcali. Alcalin'ity. See Alcalescence. Aloalinu'ria, Alkalinuria.
Al'caloid, Alkaloid, {alcali, and tdog, 'form.') A name given to the organic alcalis to distinguish them from the mineral, from which they differ as regards composition and general properties ,• — having nothing in common but their basic proper- ties. Brucia, Bmetia, Morphia, Strychnia, «fcc., are alcaloids. Alca'na, Anchusa officinalis. Aloan'iia Ma'jor Latifo'lia Denta'ta, Prinos — a. Orientalis, Lawsonia inermis — a. Spuria, An- ohusa tinctoria — a. Vera, Lawsonia inermis. Al'cea, (aX«(«), *I help,') Hibiscus abelraoschus
— a. ^gyptiaca Villosa, Hibiscus abelmoschus
— a. Indica, Hibiscus abelmoschus.
Al'cea Ro'sea, Common hollijhock, Hoc, Hocks. Emollient, like Althaea.
Alchachen'ge, Physalis.
Alchachil, Rosmarinus.
Al'chaest, Alcaest.
Alchemi'a, Alchymy.
Alchemil'la, Alchimella, (said to have been celebrated with the Alchemists [?], supposed by some to be of Arabic derivation.) A. vulga'ris, Com'mon La'dies' Man' tie, Pes Leo'nis, Leontopn'- dium, (F.) Pied de Lion. Formerly in great re- pute as an astringent in hemorrhage.
Alchemil'la Auve.v'sis, Parsley Piert. An ounce of the plant to a pint of water as an infu- lion has been extolled in strangury.
Alchemil'la Vulga'ris, Alchemilla.
Alchemist, Alchymist.
Al'chemy, Alchymy.
Alcher'mes, Alkcrmes.
Alchimella, Alchemilla.
Alchimi'a, Alchymy.
Al'chitram, see Pinus Sylvestris.
Alchitu'ra, see Pinus Sylvestris.
Al'choOl, Alcohol.
Alchorn'ea Latifo'lia, see Alcomoque.
Archymist (Old Eng.), Alchemist, Alkymistre, FlitiKi'riuii, Adept'. One pretending to alchymy.
Al'chyniy, Al'chemy, Alchemi'a, Alchimi'a, Ade2it'a Philosoph'ia, (from al, an Arabic par- ticle, signifying, ' superiority, excellence/ and chimia, ' chemistry.') This word was formerly synonymous with Chemistry; but, from the 7th century, it has been applied to the mysterious art of endeavoring to discover a universal remedy, and a mode of transmuting the baser metals into gold : an operation to which they gave the name O'lms mng'num, and Philos' ojiher' s stone.
Alchymy has also been called Seien'tia vel Philosoph'ia Hermet'ica, from an idea that Her- mes or Mercury was its inventor. Harris has well defined this chimerical art: ' Ara sine arte, cKj'ns principium est mentiri, medium laborare, et finis mendicare.'
Alcoc'alum, Cynara.
Al'COhol, gen. Alcoho'lis, Ethylic Alcohol, Al'- cahol, Al'chool, Al'kol, Al'col, Al'cool, Al'kool. An Arabic word, formerly used for an impalpable powder, and signifying 'very subtile, much di- vided.' A peculiar liquid, generated for the most part in vegetable juices and infusions by the vinous or alcoholic fermentation. At the present day it is applied to highly rectified spirit of wine — Spiritus rectificatus, or rectified spirit. In the Ph. U. S., Alcohol is rectified spirit of the specific gravity 0-8.35, corresponding with Spiritus Recti- ficatus, (Ph. B., 1867,) sp. gr. 838. The Dublin college had a spiritus fortior, used in the ^~ '^pa'i- tion of certain essences, whose specific gi fit"-' was 0*818, and the Pharmacopoeia of the Un ved States (1873) has an Alcohol J'or'tius, stro'i^ tr al'cohol, sp. gr. 0'817. Alcohol, absolute ale he j of the British Pharmacopoeia (1867), is of speciuc gravity 0-795. The French Codex (1866) has an Alcool, A. liectifiS, and A. a. 95° Centesimaux.
Diluted Alcohol, Alcohol dilutum, (Ph. U. S., 1873,) sp. gr. 941, corresponds with- Spiritus Tenuior, (Ph. B., 1867,) sp. gr. 920.
Ethylic alcohol is a type of a series, the prin- cipal of which are inethyliv, aviylic, propylic, and butylio alcohols, only the two first-named being of any therapeutic interest.
Alcohol is an inflammable liquid, lighter than water, of a warm, acrid taste, colorless, trans- parent, and of a pungent, aromatic smell. It is the product of the distillation of vinous liquors; is miscible with water in all proportions, and is the direct solvent of resins, balsams, &c. Various other vegetable principles are soluble in it, and hence it is used, in different states of concentra- tion, in the preparation of elixirs, tinctures, es- sences, &c.
Alcohol acts on the animal body as a powerful stimulus : as such, in a dilute form, it is used in the prevention and cure of disease. Its habitual and inordinate use is the cause of many serious affections, of a chronic character especially, as visceral obstructions, dropsy, &c. See Spiritus Rectificatus, S. Tenuior, and Alcoholism.
Al'cohol, Absolute, see Alcohol — a. Mthe- reus ferratus, Tinctura sulphurico-aetherea fex*ri
— a. cum Aloeperfoliata,, Tinctura aloes — a. Am- moniac et guaiaci, Tinctura guaiaci ammoniatti
— a. Ammoniatum, Spiritus auimonife — a. Am- moniatum aromaticum, Spiritus ammonias aro- maticus — a. Ammoniatum fcetidum, Spiritus ammonise foetidus — a. Amylicum, Oil, fusel —
32
ALCOHOLIC
ALEURITES
a. cum Aroraatibus sulphuricatus, Sulphuric acid, aromatic — a. cum Aromatibus compositus, Tinc- tura cinnamomi composita — a. Castoriatum, Tinctura oastorei — a. cum Crotone cascarilia,, Tinctura cascarillae — a. Dehydrogenatus, Alde- hyde — a. Dilutum, Spiritus tenuior — a. Ferratus Tinctura ferri muriatia — a. cum Ferri sulphate tartarizatus, see Ferrum tartarizatum — a. Fortius, see Alcohol— a. Glyceric, Glycerine — a. cum Ouaiaoo oflficinale ammoniatus, Tinctura guaiaci ammoniata — a. lodii, Tinctura iodinii — a. cum Opio, Tinctura opii — a. Mesitic, Acetone — a. Methylic, Spiritus pyroxylicus — a. Phenylic, Carbolic acid — a. Pyroxylic, Spiritus pyroxyl- icus— a. Sulphurioatum, Elixir acidum Halleri — a. Sulphuricum, Elixir acidum Halleri — a. Sulphuris, Carbonis sulphuretum — a. Vini, Spiri- tus rectificatus — a. Wood, Spiritus pyroxylicus.
Aloohol'iCt Alcohol' icua, Sj)iiituo'su8, Spir'- ituom, (F.) Alcoolique. Relating to or contain- ing alcohol — as an alcoholic drink or remedy.
Al'coholism, Alcoholu'mu8, (F.) Alcoofisme. The series of morbid phenomena produced by the use of alcoholic liquors.
Al'coliolizedL', Aicolo/iaa'titH, (F.) AlcooUai, has a similar signification to * alcoholic.'
Arcoholophiria, {alcohol, and (//iA««, * I love.*) See Dipsomania.
Alcoii, Alcohol.
Al'colse, Aphthae.
Alcolatf Alcoolat.
Al'codlf Alcohol — a. CamphrS, Spiritus cam- phorae — a. RectijU, see Alcohol — a. de Sou/re, Carbonis sulphuretum.
Alcoolat, Spirit. It now generally signifies alcohol, charged, by distillation, with the volatile principles of certain substances, or a distilled spirit. Several alcoolata are officinal in the French Codex (1866).
Alcoolat d'AniSf Spiritus Anisi — a. de Ro- marin, Spiritus rosmarini.
Alcoolat Vulncraire, Eau Vulneraire Spiri- tueuae.- A preparation of the French Codex (1866), made by maceration and distillation with alcohol of the leaves, &c., of eighteen different plants.
Alooola'tum, see Tinctura — a. Antiscorbuti- cum, Tinctura de cochleariis — a. Carminativum Sylvii, Tinctura carmiuativa Sylvii — a. de Coch- leariis, Tinctura de cochleariis — a. de Croco compositum, Tinctura de croco composita.
Alcoiilaturef I'eiiiture avec lea plantes fraichea. A name given by M. 13eral — and adopted in the French Codex — to certain preparations intro- duced by him, which consist of arlcohol, charged, by maceration, with the soluble principles of fresh plants. See Tinctura.
Alcoiile. A name given in the French phar- snaccutical nomenclature to medicines resulting from the solvent action of alcohol on different sub- stances, or from its admixture with liquids which unite with it in all proportions. See Tinctura.
Alcoiile Sucrff Ratafia.
Alcoiiliqtie, Alcoholic.
AlcfHtlhti'., Alcoholized.
Alcoiillser, (F.) Formerly, ' to reduce into an impalpable powder.' No longer used.
Alroiilismc, Alcoholisuf.
Alcodlom'eter, {inrpov, 'measure,') Areometer.
Aloodm'eter, Areometer.
AlrAirtumiie, .{V .) Cortex Alronioco seu Cha- bar'ro, (alter Alchorne, an English 'botanist.) The bark of Alchor'nea lutifu'iia, of Jamaica, which has been considered capable of curing phtliisis. It is bitter, tonic, and slightly astrin- gent. Dose of the powder ^i. to S[f*8.
AroyoxX, gen. Alcy'onla, IJtil'<t/on, (aXf, Bea, Kvtiv, ' to conceive.') A swallow of Cochin China, whose nest is gelatinous and very nutritious. It has been propouud in uicdiciue as analeptic and aphrudisiac. See lliruudo.
Aloyo'lUUX&i Jiaa'turU aponge. The ashes were
formerly employed as dentrifices : they were be- lieved proper for favoring the growth of the hair and beard, and were used in alopecia.
Aldab'aran, Albadaran.
Ardehyde,(abridgedfromf</'(oAoZrfe%c?rogrenflr- tua, 'alcohol deprived of hydrogen,') see AnaeS' thetic.
Al'der, Amer'ican, Alnus serratula — a. Black, Prinos, Rhamnus frangula — a. European, Alnus glutinosa — a. Tag, Alnus iucana — a. White, Clethra alnifolia.
Ale, Cerevisia.
Ale, White. A drink, used in Devonshire, England, among the ingredients of which are milk, spice, and spirit.
Ale'berry. A beverage, formerly made by boiling ale with spice and anyur, and aopa of bread. It was given to invalids.
A'lecost, Tanacetum balsaraita.
Alecto'ria, Alectorius lapis.
Alecto'riuS La'pis, Alecto'ria, (aXtKTwp, *a cock.') The name of a stone, supposed to exist in the stomach of the cock, or, according to others, in that of the capon, four years old. Many mar- vellous properties were formerly attributed to it, which are as groundless as its existence. There are no stones in the stomach, except such as hava been swallowed.
Al'egar, (ale, and (F.) aigre, 'sour,') Acetum.
Ale 'hoof, Glechoma hederacea.
Aleim'ma, gen. Aleim'malia, (aXei/jiiia, from aXcKlxa, ' I anoint,') Liniment.
Aleiph'a, Liniment.
Aleipte'rium, [aXaiTTjjpiov, from aXei^w, 'I anoint.') The place in the ancient gymnasium where the combatants anointed themselves.
Aleip'tron, (aA£t7rr/>oj/.) A box for containing ointments.
Ale'ma, gen. Ale'mntia, [aXripa,) Farina.
Alem'bic (Arab.), Moorahead, Capitel'lvm, Ca- pit'ulum, Am'biciia, (F. ) Alombic. A utensil made of glass, metal, or earthenware, adapted for dis- tillation. A atill. It consists of a body or cucur- bit, (F.) cticurbite, chaudiere, to which is attached a head or capital, (F.) chapiteau, and out of this a beak descends laterally to be inserted into the receiver, worm, condenser, or refrigerator, (F.) aer- pentin, refrigerant, as the case may be.
Alexn'brotli {Salt), Sal Alembroth. The alchy- mista designated by this name, and by those of Sal aapien' tise, Sal ar'tin, Sal vi'tse, and S((lacien'- tise, the product resulting from the sublimation' of a mixture of corrosive sublimate and sal am- moniac. It is stimulant, but not employed.
Alep'po Button, Buuton d'Alep — a. Evil, Bou- ton d'Alep — a. Pustule and ulcer, Bouton d'Alep.
Al^se (F.), Aleze, Alaise, Lin'teum, (aAt^w, *I preserve.') A ymird. A cloth arranged in sev- eral folds, and placed upon a bed, so as to guard it from the lochial or other discharges.
Al'eton, (ttAcw, * I grind,') Farina.
Al'etris, {aXuap, * meal,') A. farinosa.
Al'etius Al'ba, Aletris.
Al'etbis Auu'ka; indigenous, has similar vir- tues to
Al'etris Farino'sa, A. al'ba, AVetria, Star'' graaa, Star' wort, Blazing atar, Aloeroot, Bitter- graaa, Blackroot, U'nicornroot, A'gueroot, A'gue- graaa, Col'icroot, Dev'il'a bit, Meal'y atar wort, (¥.) AUtria. Nat. Ord. Asphodelete. Sex. Syat. Hex- andria Monogynia. The root is an intense and permanent bitter, and is used ns a tonic and stomachic. It is common in the United States.
Aleur'on, {nXevpov,} Farina.
Aleuri'tes Tri'loba, (from aXsvpi-njs, 'mealy,* from the meal-like substance which covers it,) Candle nut tree. Ord. Euphorbiacere. A plant common in the Sandwich, Society, and other islands in the Southern seas ; met with, also, in the East and West Indies. The oil of the fruit,—- Kukui oil in the Sandwich Islands, Kekune oil
ALEUROTESIS
ALIMENT
33
in Ceylon, known in Jamaica as SpaniaTi Walmit oil, and in India as Belyaum Walnut oil, — is cathartic, and resembles castor oil in its action,
Alearote'sis, (from aleuron,) see Cribration.
Alexand'ers, Smyrnium olusatrum.
Alexan'dri Antid'otus Aur'ea. See Alexan- drine.
Alexan'drine, Emplas'trum Alexan'dri. A garlic plaster, invented by Alexander, contempo- rary of Mesue. Other ancient preparations were called ' Alexandrine;' as the Alexnn' dri antid'otus aa' red, used in apoplexy; the Collyr'iutn sic'eum Aiexdiidi'i'nam, or Golljr'ium of King Alexander, mentioned by Aetius.
Alexic'acuni, {aXt^tiv, 'to repel,' kokop, ' qyW,') Amuletuin, Alexipharmic.
Alexiphar'niic, Alexiphar'maeus, Antiphar'- maGiii, Alexia' acas, Cuco'dlexite' ria, Lexiphar' - maciii, (F.) Alexiphantiaque, {aXt^av, 'to repel,' and (papfiaKov, 'poison.') A term formerly used for medicines which were considered proper for expelling from the body various morbific prin- ciples, or for preventing the bad efifects of poisons taken inwardly.
Alexipyret'icus, {aXs^uv, * to repel,' andnvperoj, * fever,') Febrifuge.
Alex'ir, Elixir.
Alexite'ria, Gacalexite'ria, {aXe^ctv, ' to repel.') Originally, alexiterium was used synonymously with remedy. In more modern times it has been applied to a class of medicines that counteract poisons placed in contact with the exterior of the body, in contradistinction to alexijjharmics.
Alexite'rium Chlo'ricum, see Disinfection — a. Nitricum, see Disinfection.
Al^ze, Aldse.
Alfu'sa, Tutia.
Al'ga Mari'na, {ad, and ligare, ' to bind,') see Pila marina — a. of the Mouth, see Leptothrix bucoalis, and Parasites.
Al'galic, Catheter.
Al'galie, Catheter.
Algaroba, Ceratonia siliqua.
Al'garoth, Al'garot, Algaro'thi Pul'vis, Pul'via Angel' icu8, Stib'ii Ox'iduni seu Subinu'rian prie- cipitan' do para' turn, Antimo'nii Ox'idum, Antiino'- nii Ox'idum Ni'tromuriat'icuni, Stib'ii Oxidum Ae'ido Muriat' ico oxygeiia'to para'tuiu, Mercu'rius Vi'tx, Mercu'rius Mor'tis, Flow'ers of An'timony, Antimo' nious Oxi/chlo' r ide, (F.) Oxide d'Antiinoine, (80 called from Victor Algarotti, a Veronese phy- sician,) is separated from the terchloride of anti- mony by pouring the terchloride into a large quantity of water. When this, an oxychloride, is washed with abundance of water to separate the muriatic acid, and afterwards by a solution of alkali to remove the terchloride, the teroxide of antimony, Antimo'nii Ox'idum of the Edin- burgh Pharmacopoeia, is left. In the Pharmaco- poeia of the United States (1873), this is directed to bo prepared by treating sa/phuret of antimony with muriatic acid, and afterwards with nitric acid; adding a little water; filtering; pouring the filtered liquid into water ; washing the pre- cipitate, and subjecting it to the action of loater of ammonia. It is used in the preparation of the tartrate of antimony and potassa, and was for- merly much given as an emetic, purgative, and diaphoretic.
Alge'do, gen. Alge'dinis, (aXyo^, 'pain.') Vio- lent pain about the neck of the bladder, occasion- ally occurring in gonorrhoea. Alge'don, {a\y,,6u,v,) Pain. Alge'ma, gen. Alge'matis, (aAy^a,) Pain. Alge'sis, {aXynais,) Pain. Alget'icus, see Algos. Al'gia, see Algos. Alg"id Fever, Algida febris. Alg"ida Fe'bris, Fe'bria korrifica seu hor'-
rida seu
quer qnera seu crymo'des, liry'cetua, liry'-
eAetu«, (F.) Fiivre algide, Alg"id Fe'ver. A per- 3
nicious intermittent, accompanied by icy cold- ness, which is often fatal in the second or third paroxysm.
Al'gidus, Ahf'id, {algor, 'cold,') (F.) Algide. That which is accompanied by coldness.
Al'gor, Rigor.
Al'gos, (aAyof, 'pain.') See Pain, Hence, Alget'icus, ^ ^aiutul,' as Epilep'nia afget'iea. The suffix algia has the same signification — as in Cephalalgia, Pleur algia. Neuralgia, <fec.
Algospas'mus, {aXyoi, 'pain,' and crrflw/ioj, ' spasm. '^ Painful spasm or cramp of the muscle.
Algae Coniniune, (L. alga,) Pila marina — a. 3Iarine, Pila marina — a. dea Verriera, Pila marina.
Alha'gi, Agnl.
Alha'gi Mauro'rum, He'hrew J/rtw')i«, a native of Egypt, Syria, Mesopotamia, Persia, and India. From the leaves and branches a sweet saccharin© substance is obtained, called Turanjeban, which many pharmacologists identify with Hebrew manna.
Alhand'al, see Cucumis colocynthis.
Alha'sef, Sudamina.
Al7iai4itc, Lawsonia inermis.
Alib'ilis, {alere, 'to nourish,') Nutritious.
Al'ica, If al'ica. Farina' rium, Chon'drus, {alere, 'to nourish.') A grain from which the ancients made their tisanes; supposed by some to have been the Tritlcum spelta. At times it seems to have meant the tisane itself,
Al'ices, (aAt^u), ' I sprinkle,') Spots which precede the eruption of small-pox.
Aliena'tio, (alienus, 'another's,' 'strange,') Anomalia — a. Montis, Insanity.
Aliena'tion, Men'tal, Insanity.
Aliena'tus, Insane.
AUf-iie, Insane.
A'lienistP]iysic"ian,(fromo?ienM8,)Psychiater.
Alienifite, Psychiater.
Alie'nus, Delirious.
Aliform'es Mus'culi, (nla, ' a wing,' apad forma, * shape,') Pterygoid muscles.
Aliform'is, Alaris, Pterygoid.
Alig'ulus, Confectio.
Al'ima, {aler.e, 'to nourish,') Aliment.
Alimel'lse, Parotid.
Al'iment, AUiuen'tum, Al'ima, Harma'lia, Nu- tri'men, Nu'triens, Snstentac'idiim, Ciba'rium, Bro'' ma, Comis'te, Ci'bus, Es'ca, Nutri'tus, Nutrimen' - turn, Si'tos, Tro'2)he, (Prov.) Bellytimber, (F.) Aliment, Nourriture, {alere, 'to nourish.') Food' Any substance which, if introduced into tL system, is capable of nourishing it and repairing its losses.
The study of aliments forms one of the most important branches of hygiene. Properly, all substances, organic or inorganic, that enter into the comT)Osition of organized beings, are aliments.
As regards the immediate principles which pre- dominate in their composition, they have been classed, but imperfectly, as follows:
TABLE OF ALIMENTS.
Wheat, barley, oats, rye, rice, In- dian corn, potato, sago, peas, beaii», &c.
Carrot, salsify,, beet, turnip, aspar- agus, cabbage, lettuce, artichoke, melon'. &c.
Sugar, fig, date, raisin, apricot, Ac.
Orange, currant, gooseberry, cher- ry, peach, strawberry, raspberry, mulberry, prune, pear, apple, I sorrel, Ac.
'Cocoa, olive, sweet almond, nut, walnut, animal fat, oil, butter,
1. Feculaceous.
2. Mucilaginous.
3. Saccharine.^
4. Acidulous.
Oleaqinous and Fatty. .
Gelatinous.
Alhurtiinnus. Fibrinous.
^^ Ac.
Different kinds of milk, cheese. (Tendon, aponeurosis, true skin, eel- J lular texture; very young ani- ( mals.
Brain, nerve, eggs, Ac.
Flesh and blood.
84
ALIMENTAL
ALLECTUARY
Dr. Prout has four great classes — the aqueous, tacchnrine, oleaginous, and albuminous. Dr. Pe- reira, twelve — aqueous, mucilagiuous or gummy, tacchariue, amylaceous, lignenus, pectinaceous, acidulous, alcoholic, oily or fatty, proteinaceous, gelatinous, and saline. Liebig divides them into two classes — the nitrogenized or plastic ele- ments OF NUTRITION, fiesh formers, in which he comprises vegetable fibrin, vegetable albumen, vege- table casein, Jlesh and blood; and the non-nitro-
ffENIZKD or ELEMENTS OF RESPIRATION, Or OF
CALORIFICATION, heat givers, in which he com- prises fat, starch, gum, cane sugar, grape sugar, sugar of milk, pectin, basnon'n, toine, beer, and spirits. The former alone, in his view, are in- servient to the nutrition of organized tissue : the latter are burnt in respiration, and furnish heat. The following simple arrangement is, perhaps, as little objectionable as any :
(Fibrinous (Glutinous?)
1. Nitrogenized Aliments, < Albuminous.
I^Caseiiious, Gelatinous, r Amylaceous.
2. Non-nitrogenised Aliments, < .Saccharine.
(oleaginous. 5. Liorganic,
The second division might be still further sim- plified, inasmuch as amylaceous aliments are con- vertible into sugar during the digestive process; and from both oleaginous matter may be formed.
Aliments are at times divided into the substan- tive, and the adjective or accessory ; the former comprising all the nutritive substances, which are nsed as food ; the latter condiments. See Condi- ment.
Aliment' al, Nutrimental.
Aliment'ary, Nutrimental — a. Canal, Canal, alimentary — a. Duct, Canal, alimentary — a. Tube, Canal, alimentary.
Alimenta'tion, Alivienta'tio. The act or power of nourishing.
Alimenta'tion, Io'dic. A term applied to the giving of iodine internally in combination with food, as bread and other farinaceous substances.
AUmerUetix, Nutrimental.
Aliment'mn, Aliment, Pabulum.
Arimos, Glycyrrhiza.
Alinde'sis, {aXivSrj(ris, from aXiji^ojiai, *to be turned about.') A species of exercise, which con- sisted in rolling in the dust, after having been anointed with oil.
Alipae'nos, AUpm'num, AUpan'tos, (a, and hnavEiv, 'to be fat.') An epithet formerly given to every external remedy, devoid of fat or mois- ture ; such as powders.
Alipan'tos, Alipanos.
Alip'ta, Alip'tes, {aXetrmji, from aktufxa, *I anoint.') He who anointed the Athletae after bathing. The place where this was done was called Alipte'rium.
AUpte'rium, (aXenmipiov,) see Alipta.
Alip'tica. The part of ancient medicine, which treated of inunction as a means of pre- «crving health.
AUttUir Blanc, Crataegus aria.
Alis'ma, gen, AUn'matis, ([Celt.] from alis, -water.')— a. Plantago, Arnica niontana — a. Gra- minifolia, A. plantago — a. Lanceolata, A. plan- tago.
Alis'ita PlANTA'oo, {aXiana,) Alis'ma, A. lan- eeola'ta sou graminifo'lia, Planta'gn aquat'ica, Wa'ter Plan'tain, (F.) Plantain d' Enu. Ord. AlismacoaJ. Sex. Sysl. Ilexandria Polygynia. The frosh'root is acrid, and the dried leaves will reflicate. The leaves have been proposed as sub- stitutes for Uva UrBi.
Alitu'ra, (aUre, 'to nourish,') Nutrition.
Al'kald, O'leum Galli'nir. An ancient phar- maoeutical nauio for pullets' fat.
Alkales'cence, Alcalescence.
Al'kali, see Alcali — a. Ammoniacum cans- ticum. Ammonia — a. Ammoniacum spirituosuni, Spiritus ammoniae — a. Causticum, Alcali caus- ticum — a. Minerale nitratum. Soda, nitrate of — a. Minerale phosphoratum, Soda, phosphate of — a. Minerale salinum. Soda, muriate of — a. Vege- tabile cum aceto, Potassae acetas — a. Vegetabilo fixum causticum, Potassa fusa — a. Vegetable, Potash — a. Volatile, Ammonia — a. Volatile caus- ticum, Ammonia — a. Volatile, concrete, Ammoniae carbonas — a. Volatile, mild, Ammoniac carbonaa — a. Volatile nitratum, Ammonias nitras — a. Vola- tile tartarizatum, Ammoniac tartras — a. Volatile vitriolatum, AmmonijB sulphas.
Al'kaligene, Azote.
Al'kaline, Alcaline.
Alkalinity, see Alcalescence.
Alkalinu'ria, Alcalinn'ria, (from alkali, and ovpov, ' urine.') A condition of the urine in which it is alkaline.
Al'kaloid, Alcaloid.
Al'kanet, Bas'tard, Lithospermum officinale — a. Dyer's, Anchusa tinctoria — a. Garden, Anchusa officinalis — a. Officinal, Anchusa officinalis.
Al'kar, Medicament.
Alkeken'gi, Phvsalis.
AlJcekengine Silic^e, see Pills, Laville's.
Alker'mes, Confec'tio Alker'mes, Alcher'mes, A celebrated stimulant electuary, composed of a multitude of substances ; so called from the grains of kermes contained in it. Also, kermes.
Alker'va, see Ricinus communis.
Al'kitran, Cedria.
Al'kol, Alcohol.
Al'kool, Alcohol.
Alkym'istre, Alchymist.
Al'la, Cerevisia.
Allnitement, (from allaiter,) Lactation.
Allaiter, (F.) {al, and lait, 'milk,' (L.) adlac- tare.) To suckle.
AUaman'da, A. Cathar'tica sen grandifio' ra, Ore'lia grandi/lo'ra, Gal'arips, Echi'nus scan'- dens, Apoc"ymim scan'dens, (after Dr. Allamand, a Leyden naturalist.) A shrub, native of Guiana, the infusion of whose leaves is said by Linnaius to be useful in Colica Pictonum.
Allaman'da Cathar'tica, AUamanda — a. Grandiflo'ra, AUamanda.
Allanto'des, Allantois.
AUan'toic Ac"id, Ac"idum allanto'ienm, Am'- nic or Amniot'ic acid. A peculiar acid found in the liquor of the allantois of the cow.
Allan'toid Ves'icle, Allantois.
AUantoi'des, Allantois.
Allan'tois, AUantoi'des, Allanto'des, Memhra'- na urina'ria, M. seu Tu'nica Farcimina'lis, M. hitestina'lis, the Allan'toid Ves'icle, (aXAoj, gen. aWavTOi, 'a sausage,' and ti6oi, 'shape.') A sort of elongated bladder, between the chorion and amnion of the foetus, which is thrown out from the caudal extremity of the embryo, and commu- nicates with the bladder by the urachus. It is very apparent in quadrupeds, but not in the hu- man species. As the allantois is developed, its walls become very vascular, and contain the rami- fications of what become the umbilical artery and vein, which, by the elongation of the allantois, are brought through the villi of the chorion into indirect communication with the vessels of th« mother.
Allantotox'icum, {aWa^, gen. aXAai/TOj, 'a sausage,' and to^ikov, ' a poison.') Sausage poison, (Q.) Wurstgift. The Germans have given this name to a poison developed in sausages formed of blood and liver. See Trichina spi- ralis.
Al'larton's Operation of Lithot'omy, see Li- thotomy.
Alleo'tuary, Electuarium.
ALLEGHANY
ALLSPICE
35
Al'leghany Moun'tain Springs, These are situated at the summit of the Alleghany, in Cam- bria couuty, Pennsylvania, near Cresson, where there is an excelloat summer retreat, more than two thousand feet above the level of the ocean. The waters are pure. One source, however, Igiia'- tius'a Spring, is chalybeate.
AUelu'ia, Oxalis acetosella.
Allen'thesis, (aAXos, ' another,' and evOerjis, ' in- troduction.') The entrance into, or presence of extraneous bodies in, the organism.
Al'lerimbra'bo, (a Brazilian name,) Hyperi- cum laxiusculum.
Alle' viator, («</, and levare, ' to raise.') An instrument for raising invalids, invented by Mr. Jenks, of Rhode Island. It consists of two up- ight posts,- each supported by a pedestal ; two tiorizontal bars at the top, a windlass, a cog- wYieel and handle, linen belts, straps, hooks, and
headpiece made of netting.
Allex, gen. Al' lid's, {nWoiJtai, 'to leap,') Pollex, or Pollex pedis, see Digitus.
All'flower Wa'ter, see Urine (of cows).
AU'gOOd, Chenopodium bonus Ilenricus,
Allheal, Heracloum spondylium.
A.lli(tc^, Alliaceous.
AUia'ceOUS, AHia'cevs, (F.) AUiac6, (from alli-
».) Belonging to garlic, as alliaceous odor.
Alliaire, AUiaria.
AUia'ria, (from allium, its smell resembling garlic,) A. oj^cina'liny EryH'imiim allia'iia sen cordifo'linm, Sinjpn'briiim allia'ria, Jack-in-tlie- hedge,Stink' ing Hedgemustard, Jfedgegarlic, Sauce- alone, Hes'peris aUin'ria, (F.) Alliaire. Ord. Crueiferse, This plant has been sometimes given in humid asthma and dyspnoea. It is reputed to be diaphoretic, diuretic, and antiscorbutic.
The Parisian Codex has a compound syrup of alliaria, Sirop d'Srysiinum compose, which is used in hoarseness.
All[a'ria Ofpicina'lis, Alliaria.
Alligatu'ra, Fascia, Ligature. ,
AUiot'icus, Alterative.
Al'Uum, (Ph. U. S.,) (fromo^eo, ' I smell.') A. Bati'vum, Theri'aca rustico' rum, Ampelop'rasuni, Scor'odon, Scor'do7i, Gar'lic, (F.) Ail. Ord. Lilia- ceae. Sex. Si/st. Hexandria Monogynia. A native of Sicily, but cultivated for use. The bidbs or cloves, Ag'lithes, have a strong, oflFensive, and pen etrating odor, and a sweetish, biting, and caustic taste. Internally, garlic is stimulant, diuretic, expectorant, emmenagogue (?), diaphoretic, and anthelmintic. Externally, it is rubefacient, ma- turative, and repellent; and a gar'lic oint' merit is made by digesting, at a moderate heat, for half ' an hour, two or three cloves of fresh garlic in an ounce of lard, and straining. It is applied as a rubefacient to the chest in croup.
The virtues of the genus Allium, depend upon an acrid principle, soluble in water, alcohol, acids, and alkalies.
Dose, one to six cloves, swallowed whole, or from f^ss. to f^ij. of the juice.
Tvty'lor's Rem'edy for Deafness, a nostrum, appears to consist of garlic, infused in oil of al- monds, and colored by alkanet root. 1 Al'lium Ascalon'icum, Echalotte.
Ar/LiUM Canadkn'se, Meadovjgarlic ; indige- '■Qous; has the same properties as Allium.
Al'lium Ce'pa, Ce'pa Vulga'ris, Ce'pa, Ga;'pa, Cnm'monOn'ion, Cepul'la, Crom'myon, (F.) Oignon, \Ognon. Acrid and stimulating, and possessing H'ery little nutriment. Onions have been used as stimulants, diuretics, and anthelmintics. The boiled or roasted onion, as a cataplasm, is emol- lient and maturating. The fresh root is rubefa- cient. The expressed juice is sometimes used in .otalgia and in rheumatism.
! Al'lium Gal'licum, Portulaca — a. Plantagi- jneum, A. victoriale.
Al'lium Por'rum, Por'rtim, P. sati'vnm, Pra'- sum, the Leek or Por'ret, (F.) Poireou, Porrean. It possesses the same property as the onion.
Al'lium Red'olens, Teucrium scordium — a. Sativum, Allium.
Al'lium Victoria'le, A. plavtagin'eum, Ce'pa victoria'lis, Victoria' lis lou'ga. The root, which, when dried, loses its alliaceous smell and taste, is said to be efficacious in allaying the abdominal spasms of pregnant women (?).
Al'lo, (aAAoj, * another.') In composition, * an- other.'
Allochefia, Allotriochet'ia, {alio, and x^^ef^, *to go to stool.') The discharge of extraneous matters from the bowels. The discharge of faeces by an abnormous opening.
AUoohroma'sia, {alio, and xpofia, 'color.') A change of color.
Alloeopathi'a, {aXXoioi, ' different,' and ::a5os, ' affection.') Allo[)athy.
AUoeopath'ic, Allopathic.
Alloeo'sis, (oA>o<«CTjf,) Alteration. •
Alloeot'icus, Alterative.
Alloio'sis, Alteration.
Alloiot'icus, Alterative.
A.Uoti{jetnent, Elongation.
Al'lopath, {alio, and na^oi, 'affection,') Allo- path ist.
Allop'athes, Allopathic.
AUopath'ic, Allopath' icus, AUoeopath'ic, Allce- opath'icus, Allop'athes, Ueteropath'ic. Relating to the ordinary method of medical practice, in con- tradistinction to the homoeopathic See Allo- pathy.
Allopathie, Allopathy.
Allop'athist, Al'lopath. One who follows al- lopathy.
Allop'athy, {alio, and TtaSog, ' affection,') Allo- jyathi'a, J^llaopathi'a, Nypenantio'sis, Hypeuan- tio'ma, Cura'tio contrario' rum per contra'ria, (F.) Allopathie. The opposite to homoeopathy; or, according to Hahnemann, a method of treatment in which remedial agents are employed, the action of which, on healthy men, produces morbid phe- nomena, different from those that are observed in the sick person. The ordinary medical practic« is so designated by the homoeopathist,
Alloph'asis, {alio, and (paw, ' I say,') Delirium.
Allosteato'des, {alio, (map, gen. arcarog, ' Suet,' and odes.) Alteration of the sebaceous secretion of the skin.
AUo'trio, (from aAAor/xoy, 'pertaining te others ; foreign.') In composition, has these sig- nifications.
AUotriochefia, {allotrio, and pte^Eiv, ' to go to stool.') Allochetia.
AUotriodon'tia, {allotrio, and o^ouj, oA»»rof, ' a tooth,') Transplantation of teeth.
Allotrioec 'crisis, {allotrio, ^LXuXcKKpuais, 'separa- tion.') The separation of extraneous matters from the body in disease.
AUotriogeus'tia, {allotrio, and ytwtf, 'taste,') Parageusis.
Allotriopha'gia, {allotrio, and <paym, ' I eat,') Malacia.
AUotriotex'is, {allotrio, and rtltg, 'parturi- tion.') The bringing forth of an abnormous foetus.
AUotriu'ria, {allotrio, and ovpov, 'urine.') Ad- mixture of foreign matters with the urine.
Allotropie, Allotropism.
Allot'ropism, or Al'lotropism, (F.) Allotro- pie, {alio, and rpoTroj, ' a turn or change.') A term introduced into modern chemistry', the object of which is to express the property, possessed by certain simple bodies, of assuming different qual- ities on being subjected to certain modes of treat- ment. Carbon, for example, furnishes three formi — plumbago, charcoal, and diamond. Allo'verish, see Indisposition. AH'spice, see Myrtus pimenta — a. Buah. Lau-
36
ALLUCINATIO
rus Benzoin — a. Carolina, Calycanthus — a. Wild, Laurus Benzoin.
Allucina'tio, Hallucination.
Allure, Influenza.
Alius, gen. Alii, (from aXXofiai, 'to leap,') Pol- lex pedis.
Al'lus Pol'lex, Pollex, see Digitus.
Al'lux, gen. Allu'cia, (from aXXonai, ' to leap.') Pollex pedis.
Al'ma, (aXw,) Water (sea).
Alma'riab, see Plumbi oxidum semivitreum.
Almeze'rion, Cneorum tricoccum.
Al'mond, Amygdala.
Al'moxd Bloom. A liquid cosmetic, formed of Brazil dust ^j., water Oiij.; boil and strain ; and add isinglass ^vj., grana sylvestria ^ij., or cochi- neal ^ij., alum 5J., horax ^i\}. ; boil again and strain through a fine cloth.
Al'mond Cake, Amygdalae placenta — a. of the Ear, Tonsil — a. Earth, Arachis hypogaea — a. Jordan, see Amygdala — a. Paste, see Amygdalae pasta — a. Powder, Amygdalae placenta — a. of the Throat, Tonsil.
Al'nttS, A. glutinosa — a. Communis, A. gluti- nosa.
Al'nus Glutino'sa, Al'nu8,A. commu'm's, Cle'- ihra, Bet'nla glutino'aa sou emargina'tn, Europe' an Al'der, (Sc.) Am, Eller. Ord. Betulaceae. A tree which grows in Europe, in moist places. The bark and leaves are astringent and bitter; and hence are employed in intermittents, and as a tonic and astringent.
Al'nus Inca'na, Tag Alder. A plant common in the United States and Canada, the bark of which is used, both externally and internally, as a hoemostatic in all forms of hemorrhage in which astringents are indicated.
Al'nus Ni'gua, Bhamnus frangula.
Al'nus Serkat'ula, American Alder, has simi- lar properties to A. glutinosa.
Alochi'a, (a. and Ao^ja, 'lochia.') Absence of the lochial discharge.
Al'oe, or Aloe, (Arab.), Aloes — a. Afrieana, Aloes, cape — a. Americana, Agave americana — a. Babardensis, Aloes hepatica — a. Capensis, Aloes, cape — a. False, Agave virginica — a. Ferox, Aloes, cape — a. Purificata, see Aloes succotorina — a. Root, Aletris farinosa — a. Socotrine, Aloes suc- cotorina — a. Spicata, Aloes, cape.
Aloeda'rium. A compound medicine, contain- ing aloes.
Al'oes, or Al'oes, Al'oe, Fel Nntu'rse. The in- spissated juice of the Aloe. Ord. Asphodeleae. ^ex. Sjst. Hexandria Monogynia.
Al'oes Barb aden' sis, A. hepatica — a. dea Bnr- bades, A. hepatica — a. Bethelsdorf, see Aloes, cape — a. Bombay, A. hepatica.
Al'oes Caballi'na, A. Guinien'aia, Horse aloes, Fetid aloes. Used chiefly for horses. It is col- lected in Spain and Portugal, and is very coarse.
Aloea en Calebasses, A. hepatica.
Al'oes, Cape, Al'oe Capen'sis, Shi' ning Aloes ; a cheap and excellent form of aloes, collected at the Capo of Good Hope, from Aloefe'rox, A. afri- ta'nii, A. spica'ta, and other species. The finest kind is collected at Bethelsdorf, and hence called Bethel sdorf aloes.
Al'oes, East India, A. succotorina — a. Fetid, Aloes caballina — a. Guiniensis, A. caballina.
Al'oes Hepat'ica, A. vulga'ris, A. Burbaden'- eia, Al'oi Barbadcn' sia, Hepat'ic al'oea, Bombay' al'oes, liarba'doea al'oes, A. vulga'ris extrac'tum, (F.) Aloes en caUbassea, A. des Barbades. This ■pccics has a very disagreeable odor, and an in- tensely bitter and nauseous taste. Properties the same aa the others.
Al'oes, House, A. caballina — a. Luoida, A. fuocotorina — a. Purified, see Aloes succotorina — a. Shining, Aloca, cape — a, Socotrine, A. suc- cotorina — a. Spioatso extraotum, A. succotorina.
ALPHOS
Al'oes Succotori'na, Soc'otrine al'oe or al'ors, Al'oe Socotri'na, Tur'key al'oes, East In'dia al'oes, Aloea lu'cida, A. Zoctori'nia, A. api'catse extrac'- tum, An'ima Aloes, is the best species. In the British Pharmacopoeia (1867), it is said to be from one or more undetermined species of Aloe. Its odor is not unpleasant; taste very bitter, and slightly aromatic; color reddish-brown, with a shade of purple; mass hard, friable; fracture conchoidal and glossy; soluble in dilute alcohol. Powder of a bright cinnamon-yellow color. It is cathartic, warm, and stimulating; emmena- gogue, anthelmintic, and stomachic. As a cathar- tic, it affects the rectum chiefly. Dose, as a ca- thartic, gr. V. to 5j. in pill.
Pu'rijied al'oea, Al'oe puvifica'ta, (Ph. U. S., 1873,) is made by melting Socotrine aloes, adding alcohol, straining and evaporating.
Al'oes, Tur'key, A. succotorina — a. Vulgaris, A. hepatica — a. V. Extractum, Aloes hepatica — a. Wood, Agallochum — a. Zoctorinia, A. succo- torina.
Aloet-'ic, Aloet'ictis. A preparation which con- tains aloes.
Alo'etin, see Aloin.
Aloex'ylon, {^v'Xov, * wood,') Agallochum.
Alog"ia, (a, and Aoyof, 'a word.') See Aphasia.
Alogotroph'ia, {aXoyog, ' disproportionate,' and Tf>o(ptj, 'nutrition.') Irregular nutrition. Used particularly to designate the irregular manner in which the nutrition of bones is efiected in rickety individuals.
Aloin. A crystallized substance obtained from that portion of aloes which is soluble in water. Dose as a cathartic, half a grain to two grains. The soluble uncrystallizable principle of which aloes mainly consists is called Alo'etin, the dose of which is slightly less than that of aloes itself.
Alo'peces, {a\(i>Ttr)KEg, from aAwn-jjC, ' the fox,' being strong in that animal,') Psoae.
Alope'cia, {oXtitTrriKia, from aXwirr}^, 'a fox,' this animal being said to be subject to the affection,) Capillo'rum dejlu'vinm, A'thrix depi'lis, Phalac'ro' tes, Depila'tio, Tricho'sis A'thrix, Gangrie'na Alo- pe'cia, Atrich'ia, Deflu'vitim seu Lap'sus seu Flnx'ns Pilo'rum, Lipsotrich'ia, Vnl'pis mor'hus, Pela'da, Alop'ecy, Baldness, (P.) Pelade. Falling off of the hair; loss of the hair. When this is confined to the crown of the head, it is called cal- vit"ie8, although the terms are often used synon- ymously. When congenital, it is called Atrich'ia seu Alope'cia adna'ta. The falling off of the hair in old age is termed Alope'cia seni'lls.
Alope'cia Adna'ta, see Alopecia — a. Areata, Porrigo decalvans — a. Circumscripta, Porrigo decalvans — a. Partialis, Porrigo decalvans — a. Senilis, see Alopecia.
Alop'ecy, Alopecia.
Alouclie, Crataegus aria.
Alouch'i. The name of a gum procured from the canella alba.
Alouchier, Crataegus aria.
Alotisenel, Cowania Stausburiana.
Al'pam. A shrub which grows on the coast of Malabar. Certain parts of this, infused in oil, form an antipsorio ointment. The juice of the leaves, mixed with that of calamus, is employed against the bites of serpents.
Al'plienic, Saccharum candidum.
Alpllite'doil, (uX0ir»/6oi', from alphiton, the !> ne being broken into small portions like meal,j i^ce Fracture.
Alph'iton, {a\(^irov,) Polen'ta, Fari'na. Any kind of meal. Toasted barley-meal. Polenta means, also, a food composed of Indian meal, cheese, «fec. See Farina.
Alphon'sin, Alphon'sinum. A kind of bullet forceps, similar to a Porte-crayon, so called from the inventor, Alphonso Ferri, of Naples.
Al'phos, {aX(poi, 'white,') Lepra alphoides.
ALPHOSIS
ALUMINA
3T
Alpho'sis ^thiop'ica, see Albino.
Al'phous. Kelating or appertaining to Lepra il[>hoides.
Alpin'ia Cardamo'mum, (after Prosper Alpi- 3US,) Amomuin cardamomum — a. Exaltata, Re- lealinia exaltata — a. Galanga, Maranta galanga — a. Tubulata, Renealmia exaltata.
AlpistCf Phalaris canariensis.
Alsan'ders, Srayrnium olusatrum.
Alsid'ium Helminthocliort'on, Corallina cor- icana.
Alsi'ne Avicula'rum, A, media.
Alsi'ne Me'dia, (aXaivri,) A. nvicula'rum seu mlga'ria, (from aAooj, *a grove,' because growing bundantly in the woods [?]) 31 or' sua Oalli'iur, Holos'teum Alsi'ne, Sfella'n'a me'dia, Mouse-ear, Ohickweed, Chickenwort, (F.) Moitron dea Oiaeatix, Slorgcline, Ord. Carjophyllaceaj. This plant, f boiled tender, may be eaten like spinach, and brms an excellent emollient poultice. It was brmerly regarded as a vulnerary and detergent.
Alsi'nb Vulga'ris, a. media.
Alsto'nia Theaefor'mis, (after Prof. Charles Alston, of Edinburgh,) Santa F6 Tea. Nat. Ord. Apocyneic. A plant of New Mexico, the eaves of which are used as tea.
Alstroeme'ria, (after Alstroemer, of Gothen- mrg.) see Arrow Root.
Al'tafor, Camphor.
Al'ter, (from alter, 'other,') see Unwell.
Al'i'er Sex'us, 'the other sex.' Sex, female.
Al'terans, Alterative.
Alterant, Alterative ; see, also, Alteration.
Altera'tion, Altera' tio, {alter, 'other,') Alloio'- na, Alloeo'aia. This word is used in France to express any change which supervenes; for exam- ple, in the expression of the countenance (altera- tion de la face), or in the structure of an organ {alteration organiqae), or in the nature of fluids excreted {alteration de V urine, a. dea larmea, a. du lait, <fec.)
Alteration is also used in an entirely different sense, to express intense thirst in disease. In this icase its etymology is different. It comes from \haUter, and was formerly written haleteration. I Applied to animals more especially, alteration is, in common parlance, used fur castration. ( Al'terative, Al'terana, Alloiot' icua, Allo'.ot'icua, .Alliot'ichi, Lnmu'tana. An agent considered to , be capable of producing a salutary change in a disease, but without exciting any sensible evacu- ation. As medicine improves, this uncertain class of remedies becomes, of necessity, dimin- ished in number. See Eutrophic.
(F.) Alterant. The French term likewise means, that which causes thirst, — Sitieulo'sus, Di/iset'i- eus, — as alterer means both to change and to cause thirst. S'alterer is to experience a change for the worse, — {corrum'pi.)
Al'teratives, Re'nal, see Diuretic.
Altercan'genon, Hyoscyamus.
Alter'cum, Hyoscyamus.
Al'tered, see Castratus.
Althse'a, {aX^ma, froiu aXBziv, 'to heal,') A. offici)ia'lis, Mahavin'oum, Ariatalthse'a, HihWena, Hibia'cum, IbiH'chua, Ibis'c.ha mixinal'va, Biamal'- \ va, Marahniallow, (Prov.) Malice, (F.) 6^/(1- manve. Ord. Malvaceae. Sex. Syat. Monadel- phia Polyandria. The leaves, Altha'c-e./o'lia, and root, Althx'm radix, contain much mucilage. They are emollient and demulcent, and are em- ployed wherever medicines, possessing such prop- erties, are required. In the Ph. U. S. (187o), Althaea is the root of Althica officinalis.
Ai/ih.e'a Opficina'uis. Althtea.
Althana'cha, Orpiment.
Althex'is, (^XS^tf,) Curatio.
Al'theus, («A^£Uf,) Physician.
Al'thos, (aA^os,) Medicament.
Altil'ibat, Terebinthina.
Aln'del, Alu'tel, Vi'tnim auhlimato' rium. A hollow sphere of stone, glass, or earthenware, with a short neck projecting at each end, by means of which one glass might be set upon the other. The uppermost had no aperture at the top. Aludels were formerly used in the subli- mation of various substances.
Alula, (dim. of ala, 'a wing.') A little wing.
Arum, Alumen, Alumina) et ammonias sul- phas, Symphytum — a. Cataplasm, Coagulum aluminis.
Al'um, Ammo'nia, Aluminae et ammonise sul- phas— a. Ammonioferric, Ferri et ammonite sul- phas— a. Burnt, Alumen exsiccatum — a. Com- mon, Alumen commune — a. Dried, Alumen exsic- catum — a. Egyptian, ^gyptia stypteria — a. English, Alumen commune — a. Potassa, Alumen
— a. Rock, Alumen commune.
Al'um, Roch'e, Alu'men de Rocht, (F.) Alnn de Roche. (So called from Roccha in Syria, where there was a manufactory of it.) It is in pieces of the size of an almond, covered with a reddish efflorescence.
Gom^non Roche Alum, Alu'men Ro'chi Gal'lia. Fragments of common alum moistened and shaken with prepared bole. It is white when broken.
Al'um Root, see Geranium, Ileuchera cortusa
— a. Roman, Alumen romanum.
Al'um, Solu'tion of, Com'pound, Liquor alumi-* nis compositus.
Al'um Springs of Vir'ginia, see Virginia, mineral waters of.
Alu'men, gen. Alu'minia, (Arabic term, alum, or aAf, ' a salt,') Al'iiin, Alii'ttn'nse et Potas'ase Hi/persul'phan seu Sitlphan, Patau' am et Alu'minm aulphaa, Alu'minse Snl'phaa Acid' vhm cum Potaa'ad, Alu'minie Sulphaa (Ph. U. S., 1863), Ahiminii et Potassii Sulphaa (Ph. U. S., 1873), Sulj:>hate of Aluminium and Potaaaium, Svl'phaa kal'icodlu- min'icum, Sulphaa alutiiina'ria, Alu'minse etpotaa'- am Snperanl'phaa, Argil' la aulphu'rica nlcalisa'ta, A. vitriola'ta, Stypte'ria, SnjieraiU'phaa Argil' la alcaliaa'tum, Argilla kaliaulphu'rica, (F.) Alun. Potasj;a alum.
Alu'men, (Ph. Br., 1867, and Ph. U. S., 1873,) Alum, is Aluminse et ammonite sulphaa.
Alu'men Calcinatum, A. exsiccatum — a. Ca- tinum. Potash of commerce.
Alu'men Commu'ne, Common alum, Evgliah alum, Rock alum, Alumen factifium, A. cryataV- liiium, A. ru'peum, (F.) Alun d'Anglelerre, is the variety usually employed. It is in octahedral crystals, but generally in large, white, semitrans- parent masses; has a sweetish, styptic taste: effloresces in the air, and is soluble in 16 parts of water at 60°. Alum is tonic and astringent, and as such is used internally and externally. Dose, gr. v. to XV. In large doses, it is emetic and cathartic.
Alu'men Crystal'lindm, A. commune.
Alu'men Exsicca'tum, Alumen us'tum seu stc- ca'tuNi seu calciua'tuni, Alumintf sul'phaa /u'aus, Argil' la aulphu'rica w^'ta. Burnt alum, Dried alum, (F.) Alun calcine. Alum melted in an earthen vessel until ebullition ceases. Escharotic.
Alu'men rACTiT"ii ji. A. commune — a. Faicum, see Potash — a. Kinosatum, Pulvis sulphatis alu- minas compositus — a. de Rochi, Alum, roche — - a. Rochi gallis, Alum, roche.
Alu'men Roma'num, Ro'man alum, A. Ru'tilum seu Ru'brum, (F.) Alun de Rome. In crystals, which are of a pale red when broken, and cov- ered with a reddish efflorescence.
Alu'men Ru'brum, A. romanum — a. Rupeum, A. commune — a. Rutilum, A. romanum — a. Siccatum, Alumen exsiccatum — a. Usteum, A. exsiccatum.
Alu'mina, Acetate of, Aluminae acetas — a. Acetica, Aluminse acetas — a. and Ammonia, Sul- phate of. Alumina) et ammoniae sulphas — a.
38
ALUMINA
Benzinated Solution of, see Aluminaj sulphas — a. Depurata, Argilla pura.
Alumina and Iron, Sulphate of. This double salt, formed by dissolving alumina and carbonate •f iron in sulphurio acid, is astringent, styptic, and vermifuge. Dose five to ten grains.
Alumina Puha, Argilla pura — a. Sulphate of. Aluminas sulphas — a. Tannate of. See Tannin.
Alu'minaB Accf'taS, Argil'lixi Ace'tas, Alu'mina peu ArgWlit ace'tica, Ac"ctate of Alu'mina. A deliquescent salt, obtained by the addition of acetate of lead to sulphate of alumina and potaasa. It possesses the same properties as the sulphate of alumina. GanitaFa Solution for preserving ani- mal substances is made by dissolving an ounce of acetate of alumina in twenty ounces of water,
Alu'mina et Ammo'nijg Sul'phas, Sulphate of alumina and ammonia. Ammonia alum. A com- bination of sulphate of alumina and sulphate of ammonia (Ph. U. S., 1863). The term Alumen, (Ph. U. S., 1873,) Sulphate of Aluminium and Ammonium, Alum., is applied to this salt, which is made by adding sulphate of ammonium to the solution of sulphate of aluminium.
Alu'mina et Potas's^ Hypkrsul'phas, Alu- men — a. et Potassae supersulphaa, Alumen — a. et Potassae sulphas, Alumen.
Alu'winje Sul'phas, Aluminii Sulphas (Ph. U. 8., 1873), Argll'lse Sul'phas, Snl'phate of Alu'- mina, S. of Aluminium, (F.) Sulfate d'Alumine. Simple sulphate of alumina may be made by the direct combination of alumina and sulphuric acid, and contains 30 per cent, of the former to 70 per cent, of the latter. In the Pharmacopoeia of the United States (1873), it is directed to be pre- pared by double decomposition from alum, (sul- phate of alumina and ammonia,) and carbonate of sodium; dissolving the precipitate in dilute sulphuric acid. It is a deliquescent salt, and is an excellent antiseptic and detergent to ulcers. It is chiefly used to preserve dead bodies — a strong solution — one pound in two pints of water — being injected into the arteries.
A ben'ztnated solu'tion of alumina ; formed of sulphate of alumina, ^viij., dissolved in water ^xvi., and saturated with hydrated alumina/ with which selected benzoin balsam, ^YJ-, are digested for six hours, and the whole filtered — has been used as a styptic, and, largely diluted with water, as an injection in leucorrhoea and ulcerous affections.
Alu'mina Sul'phas Ac"iduluscum Potas'sI Alumen — a. Sulphas fusus, Alumen exsiccatum.
Alumine I^actice, Argilla pura.
Alumin'ii Ox'idum, Argilla pura— a. et Potas- saesulphas, Alumen — a. Sulphas, Aluminae sulphas.
Alumin'ium, Chloride of, Chloralum — a. Sul- phate of, Aluminae sulphas.
Aluminium and Potassium, Sulphate of, Alumen.
Alun, Alumen — a. d'Anyleterre, Alumen com- mune— a. CulcinS, Alumen exsiccatum — a. de Roche, Alum, rocho — o, de Home, Alumen ro- manum.
Alun'sel, Gutta.
A'lus, Symphytum.
Alu'sia, (aAuw, *I wander,') Hallucination — a. Hypochondriasis, Hypochondriasis.
Alu'tel, Aludel.
Al'vaquil'la, Paoralca glandulosa.
Al'varas Ni'gra, Ichthyosis.
Alvea'rium, {aloeus, 'a cavity,') Auditory canal, external.
Alvf'olahuff Alveolar.
Alve'olar, Alveola' ria, (diminutive of alveua, 'a cavity,') {V.) Alvfolaire. That which relates io the alveoli.
Alvk'olaii Ab'scess, Parulis.
Alvic'olaH An'ciIKS, (F.) Arcades alvSolairea, are formed by the margins or borders, Ju'ga at- vcula'rin, of tho two jaws, which are hollowed by (he alveolL
AMADOUVIER
Alve'olar Ar'teey, Supramax'illarv A., Ar^ teria Alveolaris, Arth-e sus-maxillaire of Chans sier, arises from the internal maxillary, descends behind the tuberosity of the upper jaw, and gives branches to the upper molar teeth, gums, periosteum, membrane of the maxillary sinus, and buccinator muscle.
Alve'olaii Bor'dkr, Lim'bus alveola'ria. The part of the jaws that is hollowed by the alveoli.
Alve'olar Mem'branes are very fine mem- branes, situate between the teeth and alveoli, and formed by a portion of the sac or follicle which enclosed the tooth before it pierced the gum. Ey some, this membrane has been called the alve'ulo- den'tal perios'teum.
Alve'olar Vein. This has a similar distribu- tion with the artery.
Alveole, Alveolus.
Alve'oli, see Alveolus — a. Dentis, see Alveolus — a. Laryngei, Ventricles of the larynx.
Alve'oloden'tal Perios'teum, see Alveolar membranes.
AT/veololabial, Buccinator.
Alve'olus, (same etymon as Alveolar,) Bo'- thrion, Odontoboth'rium, Oduntophat'ne, Fre'na (Alve'oli), 3fortari' oluni , Holmis'eus, Fraesepi' olum, Phat'ne, Phat'nion, Prjes^pium, Pat'ne, Path'ne, {¥.)• Alveole. The alveoli are the sockets of the teeth, Alve'oli den'tis, Mce'nia seu Caver'nae den'- tium, into which they are, as it were, driven. Their size and shape are determined by the teeth which they receive, and they are pierced at the apex by small holes, which give passage to the dental vessels and nerves.
Al'veus, (' a cavity,') Auge — a. Ampullescens, Thoracic duct, Receptaculum chyli — a. Ampul- losus, Receptaculum chyli — a. Communis, see Semicircular canals — a. Urogenitalis, see Ejacu- latory ducts — a. Utriculosus, see Semicircular canals.
Al'vi Astric'tio, Constipation — a. Excretio, Defecation — a. Fluxus, Diarrhoea — a. Fluxus aquosus, Diarrhoea — a. Laxitas, Diarrhoea — a. Profluvium, Diarrhoea.
Alvidn'cus, (alvus, 'the abdomen,' and dueere, 'to lead,') Laxative.
Al'viue, Alvi'nus, {alvus, * the abdomen.') That which relates to the lower belly, as alcine dejec- tions, alvine flux, alvine obstructions, Ac.
Al'vum Evac'uans, Cathartic.
Al'vus, Abdomen, Uterus — a. Adstricta seu Astricta, Constipation — a. Cita, Diarrhoea — a. Dura, Constipation — a. Renum, Pelvis of the kid- ney— a. Segnis, Constipation — a. Tarda, Consti- pation— a. Viridis, Dejection.
Al'ycg, {a^vKT),) Anxiety.
Alymph'ia, {a, and lympha, 'lymph.') Want of lymph.
Al'ypon, {aXvTov, from a, and Autti/, 'pain.') An acrid, purging plant, described by Matthiolus. By some it has been supposed to be tho Globula'- ria al'ypum of botanists.
Al'ysis, (aAu(7(j,) Anxiety.
Alys'mus, [aXvaftoi,) Anxiety.
Alys'sum Plin'ii, (a, and Awotra, 'hydropho- bia,') Galium mflUugo.
Alys'sus, {a, and lyssa,) Antihydrophobic.
Alyx'ia Aromat'ica, A. stellata.
Alyx'ia Stella'ta, (an Indian name, [?]) A, aromat' ica, (F.) Alyxie aromatique. A plant of the family Apocynacete, the bark of which re- sembles cauella alba, and is used in Batavia ia pernicious fevers.
Al'zilat. In some of the Arabian writers, a weight of three grains.
Am, as a prefix, like Amphi.
Amab'ild, ('lovely,' amo, 'I love,') Lacuna labii superioris.
Atnndou, Boletus igniarius.
AtntuUnivier, Boletus igniarius.
AMAIGRIR
AMBLYOPIA
39
Amaigrir, (from viaigre, (L.) macer, 'lean/) I'luaciate.
Amnif/rissementf Emaciation.
Amal'gam, Amal'gama, {afia, ' with/ and yanco), ' I unite, marry.' [?J) A mixture of mercury and (iiier metals. An amalgam of silver has been as^ed, in dentistry, for filling teeth.
Amalgama'tion, see Miscegenation.
Amand (Saint), Min'eral Wa'ters of, Saitit- Ai/iand-lc8-Emui: These springs, in the depart-
' nt Nord, France, are thermal (77° Fahr.), car-
nated chalybeates ; and are much used inter- ii;illy, or in the form of bones, in chronic affec- tions of the digestive organs and liver, and in rheumatism.
JLniandes A-m^res, see Amygdala — a. DouceSy ece Amygdala.
Amandine, see Casein.
Amani'tae, (aixavnai, from a, and (lavta, 'mad- ness:' i. e. 'not poisonous.' [?]) A name given, by the Greeks and Romans, to the edible cham- ])i(jnoii8. Amanita forms, at the present day, a genus, some of which are edible, others poisonous. Among others, it contains the Agaricua aurantia- cuK, and A. pseudo-auratidacua.
Ama'ra Dul'cis, ('bitter sweet,') Solanum dul- camara.
Amaraci'nuni. An ancient and esteemed plas- ter, containing several aromatics, the marjoram, (oftapaAwj,) in particular.
Amar'acus, {aftapaKo^,) Origanum majorana — a. Tomentosus, Origanum dictamnus.
Amaranthus HypocLondri'acus, Prince's Feather. The leaves of this plant, which grows sparingly in the Middle States, are said to be as- tringent.
Amarif'ies, Bitterness.
Amaritu'do, Bitterness.
Ama'ror, Bitterness.
Amarucachu, Polianthes tuberosa.
Ama'rus, Pi'croe, 'bitter/ (F.) Am^r. The bitter principle of vegetables is the great natural tonic, and hence bitters, as they are termed col- lectively, belong to the class of tonics. Several are used in medicine ; the chief are, gentian, quas- sia, cinchona, calumba, dogwood, &c.
Atnas MwHfoine, see Muriform.
Amase'sis, Amasse'sis, {a, and finarjaig, 'mas- tication.') Mastication when impeded or imprac- i ticable.
Amasse'sis, Amasesis.
Am'ates, Amethyst. ' Amato'rii, Oblique muscles of the eye.
Amato'rium, Lacuna labii superioris — a. Ve- ' neficium. Philter.
I Amato'rius Mus'culus, see Oblique muscles of the eye.
Am'atyste, Amethyst.
Amauro'sis, Obfusca'tio, Offasca'tio, {aijav- ponTii, from afxavpoi, 'obscure,' and usis.) Drop serene', Gut'ta sere'na, Catarac'te ni'gra, Parop'- sis amaurosis, Immobil'itas pnpil'lse, Suffu'sio ni'- gra, Black cat'aract, Ner'vous blind'ness, (F.) OoHtte-sereine, Cataracte noire, Anopticoncrvie of Piorry. Diminution, or complete loss of sight, without any perceptible alteration in the organi- I zation of the eyes; generally, owing to loss of power of the optic nerve or retina — Optic ana'sthe'- sin — from primary or degenerative atrophy of that nerve. Counter-irritants are the most suc- cessful remedial agents, although the disease is always very difficult of removal, and generally I totally incurable. See Amblyopia.
Amauro'sis Dimidia'ta, Ilemiopia — a. Diurnal, Nyctalopia — a. Imperfecta, Hyii()amaurosis — I a. Nocturnal, Hemeralopia — a. Tobacco, Tobacco amaurosis.
Amaurot'ic, (a//aup(jT<KOs,) Amnuro' ticus, (F.) AvKiurotique. Affected with amaurosis.
Amaurot'ic Cat's Eye, Galeamauro'aia. A
name given by Beer to an amaurotic affection, accompanied by a remarkable change of color in the pupil, which presents, apparently in the fun- dus of the eye, a lighter tint, yellowish or brown- ish-yellow, instead of its natural clear black.
Ama'zia, {a, and ixa^oi, 'breast.') A monstrosity, in which there is absence of one or both breasts.
Amb, as a prefix, see Am.
Am'bar, Ambergris.
Am'barum, Ambergris — a. Cineritium, Am- bergris.
Am'be, (^1^0*7, from an^aivia, 'I ascend,') Amhi. A superficial eminence on a bone. Also, an old surgical machine for reducing dislocations of the shoulder; the invention of which is ascribed to Hippocrates. It is no longer used. See Crista.
Am'ber, Succinum — a. Gray, Ambergris — a. Liquid, see Liquidamber styraciflua — a. Yellow, Succinum.
Am'bergris, 'gray amber,* Am'bor, Am'bar, Am'bra gri'sea seu cinera'cea seu ambroai'aca, Am'barum, Suc'cinum cine'reum eeu gri'seum, Am'- barum einerit"ium. A concrete substance, of the consistence of wax, cineritious color, studded with yellow and blackish spots, and exhaling a very pleasant odor. It seems highly probable that ambergris is formed in the intestines of the sper- maceti whale, and voided with its excrement. Like all aromatic substances, ambergris is slightly antispasmodic and excitan*.j but it is oftener employed as a perfume than as a medicine.
Ambi, Ambe.
Am'bia. A liquid, yellow bitumen, the smell and virtues of which are similar to those of the resin tacamahaca. It is obtained from a spring in India.
Am'bicus, Alembic.
Ambidex'ter, Amphidex'ixia, (ambo, ' both,' and dexter, 'right.') One who uses both hands with equal facility. Celsus says the surgeon ought to be ' non minus sinistra, qiiam dextrd promptus,' One of the aphorisms of Hippocrates says, that a woman is never ambidexter. This is a mistake.
Ambilae'vus, {ambo, and Isevua, 'left,') Ampha- risteros.
Ambio'pia, (ambo, andwi/', 'the eye/) Diplopia.
Am'bitus Genita'lis Muli'ebris, {ambitus, ' cir- cumference,') Vestibule.
Amblo'ma, gen. Amblo'matis, {afi^Xuiixa, from a, and j8Aw(T<cw, ' I go,' [?]) Abortion.
Amblo'sis, {afi^Xwms,) Abortion.
Amblos'mus, Abortion.
Amblothrid'ion, {aiifiXo&piiiov,) see Abortion.
Amblothrid'ium, Abortive.
Amblot'icus, Abortive.
Am'bly, (from a^jSAuj 'obscure,') in composi- tion, obscure.
Amblyaph'ia, {ambhj, and aipn, 'feeling.') Dul- ness of the sense of touch.
Amblyog'mus, (a/i/iAuwy^o$,) Amblyopia.
Amblyo'pia, {afiliXvuina, from ambly, and wxp, 'the eye,') Amaurotic Amblyopia, Amblyos'mus, Amblyog'mus, Amplio'pia (so called by some, ac- cording to Castelli, ob ignorantiam Grsccee linguie), Hebetu'do vi'sus, Feebleness of sight, (F.) Amhly- opie, Vue/aible. An impairment of vision caused by irregularities in the nervous system or the cir- culation, which may lead to degenerative atrophy of the optic nerve, and thus produce amaurosis.
Amblyo'pia, Amauhotic, Amblyopia.
Amblyo'i'IA Crepuscula'ris, Hemeralopia — a. Dissitorum, Myopia — a. Meridiana, Nycta- lopia.
Amblyo'pia ex Anopsia is caused by non-uso of an eye, when excluded for any length of time from binocular vision.
Amblyo'pia Potatorum. The amblyopia of drunkards.
Amblyo'pia Proximorum, Presbytia.
Amblyo'pia, Uuaimic. A form of the disea.s«
40
AMBLYOSMUS
AMIDON
due to uraemic blood-poisoning, which occurs in JBright's disease.
Amblyosm'us, Amblyopia.
Amboricus, (/JoAAw, ' I cast out.') Abortive.
Am'bon, («///3wv, ' the raised rim of a shield or dish/ from an^anw, ' I ascend.') The fibro-carti- laginous rings or bonrrelets, which surround the articular cavities, as the glenoid cavity of the scapula, the acetabulum, <fec,, have been so called. See Crista.
Am'bor, Ambergris.
Amboy'na Pimple, see Pimple.
Am'bra, Suceinum — a. Ambrosiaca, Amber- gris— a. Cincracea, Ambergris.
Am'bra Gri'sea, Ambergris.
A.tnbre JBlane, see Suceinum — o. Jaune, Sucei- num.
Amhrette, Hibiscus abelmoschus.
Ambri'na Ambrosioi'des, Chcnopodium am- brosioides — a, Anthelmintica, Chenopodium an- thelminticum — a. Botrys, Chenopodium botrys.
Ambraisie du Meoai^que, Chenopodium ambro- fiioides.
Ambro'sia, (aii^iwma, from a, and ^poroi, ' mor- tal.') Food which makes immortal, or the food of immortals. Food ;f the gods. — See, also, Chenopodium botrys.
Ambro'sia Bla'tior, see A. trifida.
Ambro'sia Marit'ima. Ord. Compositge. A plant which grows on the shores of the Levant, and has a pleasant, bitter, and aromatic taste. It is given in infusion, as a tonic and antispas- modic.
Ambro'sia Trip'ida, Horse'weed, liich'weed, Horse' mint, Horae' cane, Bit'terweed, Great or Tall Bdfj'weed, Wild Hemp. This indigenous plant is found in low grounds, and along streams, from Canada to Georgia, and west to Louisiana and Arkansas. It is an annual, and flowers in Au- gust and September. An infusion has been re- commended locally in mercurial salivation.
Ambrosia Ela'tior, Ragweed, is said by Dr. R. E. Griffith to have much more developed sensible properties.
A.mbrosie du Mexique, Chenopodium ambro- sioides.
Ambulance {¥.), HSpital ambulant, {ambulare, *to walk.') A military hospital attached to an army, and moving along with it. Also, a vehicle for the conveyance of the sick and wounded.
Am'bulans, Ambulatory.
Ambulant, Ambulatory.
Am.bala'tio, (ambulare, ambulatum, 'to walk,') Walking.
Am'bulatory, Am'bulans, Ambnlati'vus, Am'- lulative, (F.) Ambidaut. A morbid affection is said to be 'ambulatory,' (F.) ambulant, when it »kips from one part to another; as ErysipUes ambulants, <fcc. When blisters are applied succes- Bively on different parts of the body, they are called Vesicaloires ambulants.
Ambulei'a, Cichorium intybus.
Am'buli. The Brahmanic name for an In- dian aquatic herb, which a|»[)ears to belong to the family Lyiimackiie. The whole plant has a sweet smell, its decoction has a very bitter taste, and is an excellent febrifuge. It is also taken in milk in cases of vertigo.
Am'buloflatulen'tus et Furio'sus, Fla'tus furin'mis, Vare'in. Painful, niobiio, and periodi- cal tumors affecting different parts, which were once considered as the effect of very subtile va- pors. Their nature is by no means clear.
Ambus' tio, (am6i, 'around,' and urere, ustum, *to burn,') Burn.
Ambus'tum, see Burn — a. ex Frigore, see Con- gelation.
Ambu'tua, Pareira brava.
Ambuva-embo. A very beautiful, creeping aristolochia of Brazil, the decoction of which is
( exhibited successfully in obstructions. It is also used in fumigation and in baths as a tonic.
Ante, Anima.
Ameli. A Malabar shrub, belonging to a genus unknown. The decoction of its leaves is said to relieve colic. Its roots, boiled in oil, are used to repel tumors.
Ameli'a, (a/itXaa,) Apathy.
Amelle-les-JBains, see Aries.
Ame'nia, (a, and ixriv, ' a month,') Amenorrhoea, Emmenagogues.
Amenoma'nia, Chairoma'nia, Chepvoma'nia, {amcenns, ' agreeable,' and fiavia, ' mania.') A gay form of insanity.
AmenorrllOB'a, Parame'nia obstructio'nis, J/e- nocryph'ia, Menosta'sia, Apophrax'is, Arrhce'a, Defec'tus seu Eeman'sio seu Cessa'tio men'sium, Menstrua'tio impedi'ta, Ischome'nia, Ame'nia, Ametrohse' mia, (from a, menes, and piw, 'I flow.') Suppres'sion of the men'ses, (F.) Suppression du Jiux menstruel. This suppression is most com- monly symptomatic, and hence the chief attention must be paid to the cause. Usually, there is an atonic state of the system generally, and hence chalybeates and other tonics are advisable.
Two great varieties of Amenorrhoea are com- monly reckoned. 1. A. Emansio'nis, Emaii'sio n.en'sium, Jlenis'chesis, Menos'chesis, Menstrua'tio reten'ta, Meit'siumreieii'tio, Reten'tion of the men'- ses, when the menses do not appear at the usual age ; and, 2. Suppres'sio Meii'sinm seu Menstru- atio'nis, Amenorrha'a Sujjpressio'uis, Interrvpj' tio menstrudtio'nis, iMen^trua'tio sujipres'sa, in which the catamenia are obstructed in their regular pe- riods of recurrence. — The menses may also be se- creted, but not evacuated. See Emansio Mensium and Menses.
Amenorrhce'a Diffic"ilis, Dysmenorrhoea — a. Emansionis, see Amenorrhoea — a. Hymenica, see Hymenica Amenorrhoea — a. Partialis. Dys- menorrhoea— a. Suppressionis, see Amenorrhoea.
Amen'tia, («, and meus, mentis, 'mind,') De- mentia; see, also, Fatuitas, and Idiotism — a. In- genita, Idiotism — a. Senilis. Dementia of the aged.
Amer, Amarus — a. de lioenf, Bile of the ox — ■ a. de Weliher, Acid, carbazotic.
Amer'ican, see Homo.
America'num Tubero'sum, Solanum tubero- sum.
Amerttime, {irovQ. amer, (L.) amaruB, 'bitter,') Bitterness.
Am.'ethy8t, Amethys'tus, Am'atyste, Am'ates, [a, and pcdvu), ' I am drunk.') A precious stone, to which the ancients attributed the property of pre- venting drunkenness. It was also used as an antidiarrhoeic and absorbent.
Ameth'ysum, {aixe^voov,) Amethys'tum, (a/ie- &vaTOv,) [remedivm.) A remedy for drunkenness.
Amet'ria, {aficrpia, from a, and fxerpov, 'meas- ure.') Intemperance. Also, absence of the uterus ; (a, and iirjipa, ' the uterus,') Ame'tria.
Ametrohse'mia, {a, ftrj'pci, 'uterus,' and aifxa, 'blood,') Amonoirhoea.
Ametro'pia, («, fierfiov, ' measure,' and axp, ' the eye.') An abnormal condition of the dioptric media of the eye, in which parallel rays of light are not ex- actly focused on the retina when the eye is at rest. See Emmetropia.
Amian'thium Musosetox'icum, (a,»javToj,
'pure,' and av&og, 'a flower,') Melan'tkium muscse- tox'icum, Helo'nias erythroxperm'a, Fly'ytoison, Fall'poison. Ord. Melanthaceee. Indigenous. A narcotic poison, not used, however.
Amio'ulum, {amivio, ' I wrap around,') Amnion.
AmidMique, {amidum, 'starch.') Appertain- ing or belonging to starch. M. B6ral calls medi- cameuts amidoliques those which owe their general properties to starch.
Amidon, Amylum — a. lodure d', Starchy iodide of.
AMIDONNIERE
AMMONIA
41
Anhidonni^re, (from Amidon,) Arum Macula- tum.
Am'idum, Amylum.
Aminae'a, Anime.
Aminae'um (from Aminsen, a region of Italy) Vinum., Amwe'an wine, highly esteemed as a Btomachic. Virgil distinguishes it from the Fa- lernian.
Am'ma, {anna,) gen. Am'matis, Truss.
Ani'mi, {annh) Ammi ma'jus seu cicutsefo' Hum «eu vulga're seu Bolhe'ri^ Am'mioa mnrica'ta, jEthn'sa, A'pinm ammi, Bhh'op's weed. The seeds of this plant are aromatic and pungent. They are said to be carminative and diuretic, and are tonic and stomachic.
Am'mi Bolbe'ri, Ammi — a. dea Boutiques, see Sison ammi — a. Cicutaefolium, Ammi — a. Ma- jus, Ammi — a. Verum, see Sison ammi — a. Vulgare, Ammi.
Am'mion, Hydrargyri sulphuretum rubrum.
Am'mios Murica'ta, Ammi.
Ammis'inus, {annoq, ' sand/) Psammismus.
Ammocho'sia, Ammochu' sis, {afiixos, 'sand/ and Xew, 'I pour.') Arena'tio. Putting the human body in hot sand, for the cure of disease.
Ammo'llia, Ammo'nia or Ammoni'acal gaa, Vol'atile al'kall, Al'kali ammoni' acum caus'ticum, A. volat'ile cans' ticum, Ammo'nia caus'tica seu pu'ra, Ammoni' acum, A. caus'ticum, Gas ammonia- ca'le, Mephi'tis urino'sa, (F.) Ammoniaque, Air alcalia, Gaz ammonincal. An alkali, so called, be- cause obtained principally by decomposing sal ammoniac {muriate of ammonia) by lime. This gas is colorless, transparent, elastic, of a pungent, characteristic odor, and an acrid, urinous taste. It turns the syrup of violets green, and its specific gravity is 0'596. When inhaled, largely diluted with common air, it is a powerful irritant. When unmixed, it instantly induces suffocation.
Ammo'nia, Acetate of, solution of. Liquor ammonias acetatis — a. Arseniate of, Arseniate of ammonia — a. Benzoate of, Ammoniae benzoas — a. Bicarbonate of, Ammoniae bicarbonas — a. Boras, Ammonia, borate of — a. Carbazotate of, Carbazotate of ammonia — a. Carbonate of, Am- monicie carbonas — a. Caustica, Ammonia — a. Caustica liquida. Liquor ammoniae — a. Chlorohy- drate of, Ammoniae murias — a. Citrate of, Ammo- niae citras — a. Formiate of, Formiate of ammo- nia— a. Hydriodate of, Ammonium, iodide of — a. Hydrochlorate of. Ammonite murias — a. Hy- drosulphuret of, Ammoniae sulphuretum — a. Hy- pophosphite of, see Calcis hypophosphis — a. Iodide of, see Iodine — a. and Iron, tartrate of, Perri et ammoniae tartras — a. Liniment of, strong, Linimentum ammoniae — a. Liquida, Liquor am- moniae— a. Muriatica, Ammoniae murias — a Nitrate of, Ammonia3 nitras — a. Nitrosulphate of, Ammoniae nitrosulphas — a. Phosphate of, Ammoniae phosphas — a. Prseparata, Ammonise carbonas — a. Pura, Ammonia — a. Pura liquida, Liquor ammonite — a. Solution of. Liquor ammo- niaj — a. Solution of, stronger, Liquor ainmoniEe fortior — a. Subcarbonate of, Ammoniae carbonas — a. Succinate of, see Succinic acid — a. Sulphate ; 9f, Ammoniie sulphas— a. Sulphuretof, Ammoni* sulphuretum — a. Tartrate of, Ammoniae tartras — a. Urate of, see Urates — a. Valerianate of, Ammo- niae valerianas. ^ Ammo'niac Qum, (ann^viuKOv,) Ammoni'acum (Ph. U. S.), Gum'mi Ammoni'acum, Armoni'acum, ^ Mato'rium, (F.) Ammoniac, Gomme ammoniaque, J (from Ammonia, in Lybia, whence it is brought.) A gum-resin, the concrete juice of Dore'ma am- moni'acum, of Persia : a species of a genus allied j, to Ferula; and also the gum-resin of Fer'ula tin- i gita'na. The latter is the ammoniacum of com- merce. It is in irregular, dry masses and tears, •■ yellow externally, whitish within. Its odor is peculiar, and not ungrateful: taste nauseous,
sweet, and bitter. It forms a white emulsion with water; is soluble in vinegar, partially so in alco- hol, ether, and solutions of the alkalies.
Gum ammoniacum is expectorant, * deobstru- ent' (?), antispasmodic, discutient, and resolvent. It is chiefly used, however, in the first capacity, and in the formation of certain plasters. Dose, gr. x.-xxx., in emulsion.
Two varieties are met with in the market, Gut- tle ammoni' aci, the best; and La'pis ammoni' aci, the more impure.
Ammo'niac, Sal, Ammoniae murias.
Ammoni'aese Ni'tras, Ammonia) nitras — a. Sulphas, Ammonia) sulphas — a. Sulphuretum, Ammoniae sulphuretum.
Ammoni'acum, Ammonia, Ammoniac gum — a. Causticum, Ammonia — a. Hydrochloratum ferratum, Ferrum ammoniatum — a. Succina- tum, Spiritus ammoniae succinatus — a. Volatile mite, Ammonise carbonas.
f Ammo'niae Ace'tas, Liquor ammoniac acetatis — a. Arsenias, Arseniate of ammonia.
Ammo'nia Benzo'as (Ph. 13., 1867), Avimonii lienzoas (Ph. U. S., 1873), Ben'zoate of Ammonia, B. of Ammonium, (F.) Benzoate d' Ammoniaque. A salt formed by the union of benzoic acid and ammonia, which has been prescribed for the re- moval of gouty depositions of urate of soda in the joints. It is regarded as a good diuretic. Dose, gr. xv. to xxx. and more.
Ammo'nia Bicakbo'nas, Bicarb' onate of Ammo'' Ilia, was ofl&cinal in the Dublin Pharmacopoeia. It has the same properties as the carbonate, and is more palatable. Dose, gr. vi. to xxiv.
Ammo'nia Bo'ras, Borate of Ammonia, made by dissolving boracic acid in heated water of am- monia. Used in renal colic, catarrh of bladder,<fec.
Ammo'nIjE Cakbo'nas, Ammonii Carbonas, (Ph. U. S., 1873,) A. subcarbo'naa seu Scsquicarbo'nas, Salt of hones, Sal Os'sium, S<d Fidig"inis, Salt of woodsoot. Salt of u'rine, Vol'atile Sal Ammo'- nisp, Ba'ker'a Salt, Al'cali volat'ile aera'tum, A. volat'ile ammoniaca'le, A. volat'ile ex sa'le ammo- ni'aco, Ammoni'acum volat'ile mi'te, Ammonium carbo'nicum seu subcarho' neum, Ammonise carbo'- nas alkaWnns sen incomjAc'tus seu superammoni' - acua, Ammonise hypocarbo'naa, Flo'rea aa'lis am- moni'aci, Sal cor'nu cer'vi volat'ile, Sal volat'ili$ aa'lia ammoni' aci, Con'crete or mild vol'atile al'- kali, Car'bonate or Subcar'bonate of ammo'nia, Carbonate of ammonium, Ammonia prsepara'ta, Sal volat'ile, Smell'ing salt, (F.) Carbonate d'annno- niaque, Sel volatil d'Augleterre, (Ammon. mnriat. Ibj.; Cretss Ibiss. Sublime — Ph. U. S.) (Formerly obtained by the dry distillation of hartshorn. — Carbonate d'Aynmoniaque Einpyreumatiqnc, Sel volatil de Come de Cerf, — bones and other animal matters.) A white, striated, crystalline mass ; odor and taste pungent and ammoniacal; soluble in two parts of water ; insoluble in alcohol ; efflo- resces in the air. It is stimulant, antacid, diapho- retic, expectorant, and antispasmodic. Dose, gr. V. to XV.
Carbonate of ammonia is at times used to form effervescing draughts. One scruple saturates six fluidrachms of lemon juice, twenty-six grains of crystallized tartaric acid, and twenty-six grains of crystallized citric acid.
Carbonate of ammonia is the usual smell'ing salts. When a few drops of Aqua ammonia) for- tior are added to it coarsely powdered, and some volatile oil, it forms Pres'ton Salts.
The French Codex (1866) also contains an Esprit Volatil de Come de Cerf, and Huile Volatile de Corne de Cerf.
AM'MONiiE Carbo'nas Alkali'nus, A. carbonas — a. C. incompletus, A. carbonas — a. C. super- ammoniacus, A. carbonas.
Am'moni^ Ci'tras, Ci' irate of Ammonia. Made by saturating lemon or lime juice, or a solution of
42
AMMONIiE
AMMONIUM
citric acid, with carbonate of ammonia. It may also be made extemporaneously, and taken in an efl'erveseing state. Seventeen grains of citric acid, or half a fluidounce of lemon juice, will be suffi- cient for thirteen grains of carbonate of ammonia.
AMJfo'NiiE CupiiosiJi/PHAS, Cupriuu ammonia- tum — a. et Ferri Murias, Ferrum ammonia- tum — a. Ferro-citras, Ferri ammonio-citras — a. Hydriodas, Ammonium, Iodide of — a. Hydro- chloras, Ammonite murias — a. Ifydrosulphas, Ammoniae sulphuretum — a. Hydro.sulphuretum, Ammonias sulphuretum, see Liquor fumans Boylii — a. Hypocarbonas, Ammonite carbonas.
AMMO'NiiE Mij'rias (Ph. U. S., 1863), Mu'riate of Ammonia, Chlorifle of Ammonium, Hydrochlo' - rate of Ammonia^ Ohlorohy' drate of Ammonia, Sal Ammoni'acum, Sal Ammo' nine, Sal Ammoni'acna, Ammo'nia Muriat' ica, Ammonii Ghloridum (Ph. U.S. ,1873), Ammo' ninm Muria'tum, Ammo'uise Hy- drochlo' raa, Ghlorure' turn ammo'iiicum, Sal Arme- nia'cum, Sal'miac, Fidi'go Al'ba Philoxopho' rum, Mlsadir, (F.) Muriate d'Ammoniaque, SH Ammo- niac ou Armeniae, (from the temple of Jupiter Ammon, near which it was obtained.) A saline concrete, formed by the combination of muriatic acid with ammonia. In Egypt it is manufactured in large quantities by subliming the soot formed by burning camel's dung — 26 pounds of the soot yielding 6 pounds. It is also prepared, in great quantities, by adding sulphuric acid to the vola- tile alkali obtained fiom soot, bones, <fec., mixing this with common salt, and subliming.
Muriate of ammonia is inodorous, but has an acrid, pungent, bitterish, and urinous taste. Three parts of cold water dissolve one. Soluble also in 4*5 parts of alcohol. It is aperient, diuretic, tonic, and resolvent. Dose, gr. v. to xxx. Ex- ternally, it is employed, producing cold during its solution, in inflammations, &g. It is also inhaled in chronic catarrh.
The last edition (1873) of the U. S. Pharmaco- poeia contains Ammonii Ghloridum Purifieatum, Purified Chloride of Ammonium, made by dissolv- ing chloride of ammonium in water by the aid of heat, adding water of ammonia, filtering, and evap- orating.
Ammo'nia Ni'tras, Ammonii Nitraa (Ph. U. S., 1873), Ni'trateof Ammo'nia, Nitrate of Ammonium, Al'kali volat'ile nitra'tum, Sal ammoni' acna nitro' - sua, Ammonia nitra'ta, Ammoni'acse ni'tras, Ni'- trum flam'mana, (F.) Nitrate d' Ammoniaque. A salt composed of nitric acid and ammonia. It is diuretic and * deobstruent.' (?) Externally, it is discutient and sialagogue.
Ammo'nia Nitrosul'phas, Nitroaul'phate of Ammonia. A salt formed by passing nitric oxide through a solution of sulphate of ammonia, which has been used in Paris in typhoid fever.
Ammo'nIvE Phos'phas, Ammo'nium phoaphor'i- cum. Phosphate (f Ammonia, (F.) Phosphate d'Avi- mnniaque. This salt has been recommended as an excitant, diaphoretic, and discutient. More re- cently, it has been proposed as a remedy for gout and rheumatism, as a solvent of uric acid calculus, and for diseases, acute and chronic, con nected directly with tho lithio acid diathesis. Dose, gr. x. to xl.
Ammo'nmc Sksquicaubo'nas, a. carbonas — a. Subcarbonas, A. carbonas.
Ammo'nia. Sui/phas, Ammo'nii Sulphas, Sul- phate of Ammonia, Sulphate of Ammonium, Am- tnoui'acir. sulphai, Ammonium sulpha' ricum, Al'- kali volat'ile vitriola'tum, Sal Ammoni'acum se- tre'tum Ghxube'ri. Sal secre'tus Glaube'ri, Vitri'o- lum animoniaca'li, (F.) Sulfate d'ammoniaque. Formed by adding sulphuric acid either to sal &muioniao or tt> ammoniacal liquor. Its proper- tiuB are like thone of the muriate of ammonia.
Ammo Ni^ Sulphurk'tum, Sul'phuret of Ammo- «M(, Uydroaul'phuret of Ammonia^ Ammonium
Stdf hydra' turn, Ammo'nise HydroauVphas, Spir'itua Begui'ni, Sp.fu'nians Beyui'ni, Ammoni'acse Sul~ phure'tnm, Sp. salis Ammonia' ci sulphura'tua, Li'- quor Ammonii hydrothi'odia, Hydroaulphure'tum Ammo' nieum, Hydroaulph, ammoniaca'le aquo'aum, HydroifenoHulphure'tum ammoni' acne liq'uidum, Spir'itua aul'phuria volai'ilia, He'par aulphurit volat'ile, Boyle's or Beyuin'a fu'ming spirit, (F.) JJydroaulfate sulfurS d' Ammoniaque, Liqueur fu- mante de Boyle, Sulfure hydrogene d'Ammoniaque, Hydroaulfure d'Ammoniaque. Odor very fetid; taste nauseous and styptic; color dark yellowish green. It is reputed to be sedative, nauseating, emetic, disoxygenizing (?), and has been given in diabetes and diseases of increased excitement. Dose, gtt. vij. to gtt. XX. /
Ammo'nia Tar'tras, Al'kali volat'ili tartari- za'tum, Sal Ammoni'acum tarta'reum, Tar'tarus Ammoniie, Tar'trate of Ammonia, (F.) Tartrate d'Ammo'niaqne. A salt composed of tartaric acid and ammonia. It is diaphoretic and diuretic; but not much used.
Ammo'ni--e Uras, see Urates.
Ammo'nia. Yaleria'nas, Ammo'nii Valeriana* (Ph. U. S., 1873), Vale'rianate of Ammo'nia, Va- lerianate of Ammonium, (F.) Valirate ou Valeri- anate d' Ammoniaque. This salt is obtained by causing gaseous ammonia, disengaged from muri- ate of ammonia by lime, to pass into valerianic acid until the latter is neutralized; and crystalliz- ing (Ph. U. S., 1863). Used like valerian, valeri- anic acid, and the other valerianates, in neuro- pathic atfections. Dose, gr. ij.-viij.
AmmonisB'mia, or Ammonaemia, {ammonia, and aina, ' blood.') A condition of the blood in which it contains excess of ammonia.
A.mmoniaque, Ammonia — a. Acetate d', li- quide, Liquor ammonia) acetatis — a. Arseniate d', Arseniate of Ammonia — a. Benzoate d'. Ammo- nia benzoas — a. Carbonate c^', Ammonia carbo- nas — a. Carbonate Empyreumatique d'. Ammoniac carbonas — a. Hydroaulfate sulfur^ d', Ammoniae sulphuretum — o. Hydroaulfure d', Ammoniae sul- phuretum— a. Liquide, Liquor ammoniae — a. Muriate d\ Ammoniaj murias — a. Nitrate d', Ammoniae nitras — a. Phoaphate d', Ammoniae phosphas — a. Succinate d', see Succinic acid — a. Sulfate d', Ammoniae sulphas — a. Sulfure hydrogine d', Ammoniae sulphuretum — a. Tartrate rf', Ammoniae tartras — a. Valerate ou Valerianate d', Ammoniae valerianas.
Ammo'nii Bromidum, (Ph. U. S., 1873,) Bro- mide of Ammonium. A white granular salt, be- coming yellow on exposure, prepared by acting on bromide of iron with water of ammonia. Its medical eflects are similar to those of bromide of potassium. Dose, from two to twenty grains. See Bromides.
Ammo'nii Ghloridum, Ammoniae murias — a. Ghloridum purifieatum, see Ammoniae murias — a. lodidum. Ammonium, iodide of — a. lodure- tum. Ammonium, iodide of — a. Nitras, Am- monii nitras — a. Sulphas, Ammoniae sulpha* — a. Valerianas, Ammoniic valerianas.
Ammo'niocu'pricus Subsul'phas, Cuprum am- moniatum.
Ammo'nion, (a/x/ioy, * sand.') An ancient colly- rium of gnat virtue in nnuiy diseases of the eye, and which was said toremovesandlrom that organ.
Ammo'nium. The radical of Ammonia, never yet isolated in a free state.
Ammo'nii'm Acb'tici'm LiQuiDUM, Liquor ammo- niae acetatis — a. Arsenicum seu Arsenicicum, Ar- seniate of ammonia — a. Benzoate of. Ammonia* benzoas — a. Bromide of, Ammonii bromidum — a. Carbonate of, Ammoniae carbonas — a. Carboui- cum, Ammonijc carbonas — a. Chloride of, Ammo- niae murias — a. Chloride of, purified, see Ammo- nii© murias — a. Hydroiodicum, Ammonium, iodide of — a. lodatum, Ammonium, iodide of.
MMONIUM
AMPAC
43
Ammo'nium, I'odide of, Ammonii lod'idum seu lodure' turn, Ammo'nium loda'tum seu Hydroiod' - icum, Ammo'nise hydri' odaa, Hydri'odate of am- mo'nia. This salt is formed by mixing iodide of potaasium a,nd sulphate of aminonium, adding boil- ing distilled xoater, and, after cooling, alcohol, mixing them well, passing them through a cold funnel, and pouring on the salt a mixture of alcohol and water, and evaporating. Internally its eflfects are similar to those of iodide of potas- sium. Dose, one to three grains. It is applied in the form of ointment (5J' ^d adipia %}.) in lepra, psoriasis, <fec.
Ammo'nium Muriat'icum Martia'tum seu Martia'le, Ferrum ammcmiatum — a. Muriatum, Ammonige murias — a. Nitrate of, Ammoniae ni- tras — a. Phosphoricum, Ammonite phosphas — a. Subcarboneum, Ammoniae carbonas — a. Suc- cinicura liquidum, Spiritus ammoniae succinatus — a. Sulfhydratum, Ammoni® sulphuretum — a. Sulphate of, Ammoniae sulphas — a. Sulphuri- cum, Ammoniae sulphas — a. Valerianate of, Am- moniae valerianas.
Am'na Alcaliza'ta, Water, mineral, saline.
Amnemos'yne, («, and (ivi^ttoawri, 'memory,') Amnesia.
Amne'sia, Amnea'tia, Amnemos'yne, (a, and Itvrjmi, 'memory.') Mo'rin imbec"ilis amne'sia, Obliv'io, Recollectio'nis jactn' m, Dyssesthe'sin in- ter'na, DebU'itas memo' rife, Memo' rid dele'ta, (F.) Perte de la Memoire, Loss of Mem'ory. By some nosologists, amnesia constitutes a genus of dis- eases. By most, it is considered only as a symp- tom, which may occur in many diseases. See Aphasia.
Amnes'tia, (anvriana,) Amnesia.
Am'nic, Amniotic — a. Acid, Amniotic acid.
Amnii'tis, gen. Amnii'tidis, Amnitis.
Amnioclep'sis, {amnion, and kXetttu), '1 steal away.') Premature escape of the liquor amnii.
Am'llioil, {afJLviov,) Am'nioa, Am'nium, Hym'- nium, Char'ta virgin'ea, Armatu'ra, Agmi'na seu Agni'na membra'na, Membra'na pelln'cida, Ga'lea, Scepar'non, Indu' sinm, Amic'ulum, Membra' na foe' - turn invol'vens. The innermost of the enveloping membranes of the foetus ; — so called because first observed in the sheep (?), (afivog, * a sheep.') It is thin, transparent, and is generally considered to be produced by a fold of the external layer of the germinal membrane, rising up, and gradually en- veloping the embryo. Its external surface is feebly united to the chorion by areolar and vas- cular filaments. Its polished inner surface is in' contact with the body of the fcetus and liquor amnii.
Amniorrhoe'a, (amnion, and pew, ' I flow.') A premature discharge of the liquor amnii.
Am'nios, Amnion.
Amniot'ic, Amniot'icua, Am'nic, Am'nicna, (F.) Amniotiqae ou Amnique. Relating, or appertain- ing, to the amnion.
Amniot'ic or Am'nic Ac"id, Ac"idum am'nicnm ten amniot'icnm. A peculiar acid, found by Vau- quelin and Buniva in the liquor amnii of the cow.
A.niniqiie, Amniotic.
Amni'tis, gen. Amni'tidia, Amnii'tis, (amnion, and itis.) Inflammation of the amnion.
Ain'nium, Amnion.
Amoe'boid, Amoe'biform, Amoe'bal, (aiietSu), 'I change,' — amopha, an animalcule capable of rapidly undergoing many changes of form at will, of active movements in all directions, and of absorbing nutrient materials from the sur- rounding medium, and eu\>i, 'resemblance.') A term applied to similar spontaneous movements accompanied with singular changes of shape, seen in pus-cells, white corpuscles, rudimentary cell-forms, &c., which are hence called amoeboid or teandei'ing cells, amrrhoid corpuscles, &G. These movements may explain some obscure changes in
the tissues in inflammation and suppuration, on account of the bioplasts or sarcophytes penetrat- ing the walls of the vessels, and spontaneously emigrating into adjoining tissues. See Bioplasm and Sarcophyte.
Amoenoma'nia, [amoenus, 'agreeable,' and ma- nia.) A form of mania in which the hallucina- tions are of an agreeable character.
Atno7ne Fattoo, Sison amomum.
Amo'iuis. See Amomum cardamomum.
Amo'inuin Cardamo'iniim, A. ve'rum, (nftiofiov, from a, and ^w/^s, 'a fault,' 'faultless,') Alpin'ia cardamo'muvi, Caro'pi, Mato'nia Cardamo'mum, Eletta'ria Cardamo'mum, Cardamo'mum Mi' mis, Les'ser, True, or Offic"ival Carda'mom, (F.) Car- (lamome de la Cote de Malabar, Cardamome. Ord. Zingiberaceae. The fruit — Cardamomum (Ph. U. S.) — of this East India plant, C. Malabaren'se, has an agreeable aromatic odor, and a pungent, grateful taste. It is carminative and stomachic : but is chiefly used to give warmth to other reme- dies. It is called, also, Amo'mis. Dose, gr. v. to Qj.
Amo'numi Cardamo'mum of Linna?us, Clus'ter or Bound Car'damom of Sumatra, Java, and other islands eastward of the Bay of Bengal, yields the Hound Car'damom, Cardamo'mum rotmi'dmn of the shops. The fruits, in their native clusters or spikes, constituting the Amo'mum racemo'sum, are rarely met with.
Amo'mum Curcu'ma, Curcuma longa — a. Ga- langa, Maranta galanga,
Amo'mum Gra'num Paradi'si, A. max'imum, Cardamo'mum ma'jus seu pipera'tum, Meleguetta, Jfaniguet'ta, Greater cardamom seeds — Gra'na Paradi'ai, Graina of Par'adise, (F.) Graines de Paradis — resemble Cardamomum in properties. They are extremely hot, and not much used.
Amo'mum, Great- winged, Amomum maximum — a. Hirsutum, Costus.
Amo'mum Max'imum, Great-winged Amo'mum yields the fruit known in commerce by the names Ja'va or Nepal' Gar' damoms, Bengal' Car'damoma of the Calcutta market, &c.
Amo'mum Monta'num, see Cassumuniar — a. Pi- menta, see Myrtus pimenta — a. Racemosum, see A. cardamomum — a. Sylvestre, see Cassumuniar — a. Verum, A. cardamomum — a. Zedoaria,- Kaempferia rotunda — a. Zerumbet, see Cassu- muniar.
Amo'mum Zin'gibkr, Zin'giber, Z. officina'le seu al'bum seu ni'grum seu commu'ne, Zin'ziber, Gin- ger, (F.) Gingembre. The black and white ginger, Zin'giber fua' cum, Z. al'bum, Zin'giber (Ph. U. S.), are the rhizoma of the same plant, Zin'giber offi,- cina'le, the diff'erence depending upon the mode of preparing them.
The odor of ginger is aromatic ; taste warm, aromatic, and acrid. It yields its virtues to alco- hol, and in a great degree to water. It is car- minative, stimulant, and sialagogue.
Preser'ved Gin'ger, Ziiigib'eria Ba'dix Coudi'taf Ba'dix Zingib' eria Condi'ta ex In'did alla'ta, is a condiment with all the virtues of ginger.
Gingerbeer pow'ders may be formed of tchita sugar ^j. and ^ij., ginger gr. v., aubcarbonate of aoda gr. xxxvj., in each blue paper ; acid of tartar ^iss. in each lohite paper — for water, Oss.
Ox'ley's Con' centrated Es'sence of Jama'ica Gin'ger is a solution oi ginger in rectified sjjirita.
A'mor, I.ove.
Amor'ge, {anopyrj,) Amurca.
Amorph'us, (a, and fMjxprj, 'form,') Amorph'otu. See Anhistous, and Anideus.
Amos'teus, Osteocolla.
Amour, Love — a. Physique, Appetite, venereal.
Amoureux, (muscle.) Obliquus superior oculi.-
Am'pac, Am'pacus. An East India tree, th« leaves of which have a strong odor, and are used in baths as detergents. A very odoriferous resia is obtained from it.
44
AMPAR
AMPUTATION
Am'par, Succinum.
Ampelocarp'us, {ampeloa, and Kopirog, 'fruit,') Gallium aparine.
Ampeloleuc'd, {ampelos, and Xeu/coj, * white,') Bryonia alba.
Ampelop'rasum., {ampeloa, andn-paffov, *a leek,') Allium.
Ampelop'sis Quinquefo'lia, {ampelos, and
<K//if, 'appearance.') Vir<jin'ia Creep' er, Amer'i- ean I'vy, Fice-leaved I'vy, Wood'y Climh'er. Orel. Vitaceae. An indigenous climbing plant, which flowers in July. It is said to be expectorant.
Am'pelos, (ap-f>os, 'vine,') Vitis vinifera — a. Agria, Bryonia alba — a. Idaea, Vaccinium vitis idtea — a. Melfena, Tamus communis — a. Oinoph- orus, Vitus vinifera.
Amphamph'oterodiop'sia, (ampki, ofxpoTtpoq, ' on both sides,' 6nr\ooq, ' double,' and m^Jy ' sight.') Di- plopia.
Ampharis'teros, AmhUne'vus, 'awkward 5 ' («/*- <j>api(TT£pos, from ofitpi, and apwrtiioi, ' left.') Opposed to ambidexter.
Amphemeri'iius, (an'prmepivos, from amphi, and ^fiepa, ' a day.') Quotidian. Amphem'erus, {aufPnu^pos), Quotidian. Am'phi, (a/i0(, 'both, around, on all sides.') Hence, a prefix in many terms. Am'ph.iain, see Papaver. Amphiarthro'sis, {amphi, and ap^puaig, 'ar- ticulation.') A mixed articulation, in which the corresponding surfaces of bones are united in an intimate manner by an intermediate body, which allows, however, of some slight motion. Such is the junction of the bodies of the vertebrae by meansof the intervertebral cartilages. This articulation has also been called Diarthrose de Continnite.
Amphiblestroi'des, Reticular — a. Membrana, Retina.
Amphiblestroidi'tis, gen. AmphihlestrQ'iditV - dia, {ait'lii^XzaTov, 'a covering, a rete or net,' ti6oi, 'resemblance/ and itis,) Retinitis.
Amphiblestroidomala'cia, Amphiblestroma- lacia.
Amphiblestromala'cia, Amphihlestro'idomala' - eta, {amphiblestro'i' dea, — membrana, — 'the re- tina,' and (xaXaKia, ' softening.') Mollescence or softening of the retina.
Amphibran'chia, (from amphi, and 0payj(^ia, 'the gills.') Amphibran'chia. The tonsils and neighboring parts. Amphibron'cliia, Amphibranchia. Amphid'eum, {afi<pi6tov, from amphi, and ^eu, 'I bind.') The outermost margin of the cervix uteri ; the Labium uteri.
Amphidez'ius, {cmcpih^iog, from amphi, and h^iiK, ' right,') Ambidexter.
Amphidiarthro'sis, (from amphi, and iiapi^pu- ats, * a movable joint.') A name given by Winslow to the temporo-maxillary articulation, because, according to that anatomist, it partakes both of ginglymus and arthrodia.
Amphies'ma (gen. Amphiea'matia) Cordis, {afKpuaixa, * a covering,') Pericardium.
Amphimeri'na, {amphi, and tjpepa, 'a day,') Pertussis — a. Hectica, Hectic fever. Amphimeri'nos, Quotidian. Am phion, Maslach. Am'phiplex, Perinajum.
Amphipneum'a, g^'n. Amphipneum'atis, {am- phi, and nvtviiii, ' breath,') Dyspna'a. Amphisme'la, Knife, double-edged. Amphismi'ld, {amphi, and aiitXrj, ' a knife,') Kiiif<;. tiouljlo-edged.
AmphispharsiB, Clrcumac'tio, Circnmdnc'tio, {amphi, and cr«/,aX>u>, 'I wander.') The movement of circumduction used in reducing luxations.
Amphodiplo'pia, {amphi^ hm\ooi, ' double,' and «i//, * Hight.') See Diplopia.
Am'pliora, (per ayucopen for o^^i^tuj, — from
amphi, and (ptpu, ' I bear ;' — because it had tw« handles.) A liquid measure among the ancients, containing above seven gallons. Also called Quadran'tal, Gera'mix'.m, Ca'dua.
Amphoric Respiration, see Cavernous Respi- ration.
Ampho'terodiplo'pia, {aiKporepo^, 'on both sides,') see Diplopia.
Amplexa'tio, {am, and plectere, 'to inter- weave,') Coition.
Amplex'us, Coition.
Amplifica'tio, {amplna, and /a cere, 't» make large,') Platynosis.
Amplio'pia, see Amblyopia.
Ampo'sis, (afmuxji';,) Anaposis.
A.vn2)mile, Ampulla — a. de Vater, Vater, Am- pulla of.
Ajtnpoules, Essera.
Ampul'la (L.), ('a bottle,') (F.) J^wpoitZe. A membranous bag, shaped like a leathern bottle. See Cavitas Elliptica. In pharmacy, a receiver.
Ampul'-la Chylip'era seu Chy'li, Recepta- culum chyli — a. Ductus lactiferi, see Mammary gland — a. of Semicircular Canals, see Semicir- cular Canals — a. of Vater, Vater, Ampulla of.
Ampullae, Phlyctte'naa.
Amputa'tion, Aviputa'tio, {ampxitare, amputa- tum ; am, 'around,' and putare, 'to cut off.') Apot'o7ne, Apoto'mia. The operation of sepa- rating, by means of a cutting instrument, a limb or a part of a limb, or a projecting part, as the mamma, penis, &c., from the rest of the body. In the case of a tumor, the term excision, re- moval, or extirpation, (F.) Beacision, is more com- monly used.
Each amputation requires a different process, which is fully described in works on surgery.
Amputa'tion, Careen's, Mixed Amputation. Amputation including a skin flap and circular division of muscle; a combination, therefore, of the circular and flap operations.
Amputa'tion, Cho'part's. An operation called after Chopart, a French surgeon, which consists in removing the foot, in cases of caries or injury of the metatarsal, cuneiform, cuboid, and scaphoid bones, in such a manner as to leave merely the astragalus and calcaneum, the principal flap being obtained from the sole.
Amputa'tion, Cir'cular, is that in which the integuments and muscles are divided circularly.
A^mptttation dans VArticle, Amputation, joint — a. dana la Contiguite dea Memhrea, Am- putation, joint.
Amputa'tion, Flap, (F.) A. cL lamheavx, is when one or two flaps are left so as to cover the stump when the limb has been removed.
Amputa'tion, Han'cock's. A modification of the subastragaloid, the tuberosity of the calcia being saved and turned up to be united to the lower surface of the astragalus, from which a slice of bone is taken.
Amputa'tion, Hey's, see A. Lisfranc's.
Amputa'tion, Joint, Exarticnla'tio, (F.) A. dana Uarticle ou dana la contiguite des membiea, is when the lirab is removed at an articulatiod.
Amputation d LnnibeauMf Amputation, flap.
Amputa'tion, Lis'franc's, Amputation of the foot, by disarticulation of the metatarsal bones from the tarsal. Hey'a Amputation difiers from this by saving as much of the metatarsal bonei as the disease or injury will allow.
Amputa'tion, Mixed, A. Carden's.
Amputa'tion Neuroma, see Neuroma.
Amputa'tion, Patholog"ical. Amputation performed on account of some incurable disease.
Amputa'tion, Pirogopf's, see Pirogofif's oper- ation.
Amputa'tion, Pri'mary. Amputation per- formed almost immediately after injury, before inflammatory complications have appeared. <S^ec-
AMPUTATION
AMYL
45
nndary amputations are those performed after eupriuration has occurred. Amputa'tion, Rectang'ular, a. Teale's. Amputa'tion, Roux's, differs only from Syme's In the flap being made from the inner and under side of the heel.
A:mputation Shclie, see Ecraseur.
Amputa'tion, Seconda'ry, see Amputation, primary — a. Spontaneous, see Spontaneous.
Amputa'tion, Scbastracj' algid. An operation of French origin, made by a heel flap, as in Syme's amputation, and a dorsal flap, as in Cho- oart's, the foot being removed by opening the joints between the scaphoid and astragalus, and disarticulating between the latter and the calcis.
Amputa'tion, Syme's. Removal of the foot at the ankle-joint, taking off the articular surfaces of the bones of the leg above the basis of the malleoli, a covering for the osseous surfaces being provided from the integument of the heel.
Amputa'tion, Teale's, Reetangular Amputa- tion. A modification of the flap operation, con- sisting of one long anterior skin and muscular flap, and short posterior.
Amputa'tion, Traumat'io. Amputation per- formed on account of some incurable injury.
Amputa'tion, Ver'male's. Amputation of the thigh by lateral flaps.
Am'ulet, Amuletum.
A.mulette, Amuletum.
Anmle'tum, {amoUri, *to remove, to avert.') An Am'ulet, Periam'ma, Apotropse'um, Periap'ton, Fhylacte'rion, Apotelea'ma, Exarte'ma, Alexic'a- cum, Prseservati'vum, Probasea'nium, Prohascan' - titim, (P.) Amiilette. Any image or substance worn about the person for the purpose of avert- ing disease or danger.
Amur'Ca, Amur'ga, (aftopyr), from aiuspyoo, ' I press out.') The marc or grounds remaining after olives have been crushed and deprived of their oil. It has been used as an application to ulcers.
Amur'ga, (afiopyrj,) Amurca.
Amu'sa, Musa Paradisiaca.
Am'ussat's Operation for Artificial Anus, see Colotomy.
Am'ycha, (afiv^T],) Amyx'is, (afivaau), 'I scratch.') Excoriation, Scarification.
Amyc'tica, (from ufivmu),'! scratch.') Medi- cines which stimulate and vellicate the skin.
Amy dole, (from amulum,) Fecula.
Amydri'asia, Mydriasis.
Amyel'ia, (a, and //ueAo?, 'marrow.') A mon- strous formation, in which there is an absence of spinal marrow.
Amyeloner'via, (o, nveXog, ' marrow,' and vtvpov, * nerve.') Paralysis or deficient action of the spinal marrow.
Amyelotroph'ia, (a, nviKo^, * marrow/ and rpcxpri, 'nourishment.') Atrophy of the spinal marrow.
Amyg'dala, {afivybaXt),) Amyg'dalum, [apvy- hoKov, — from anvaata, ' I tear,' owing to its fissured shell [?j). The Al'mond, of which there are two kinds, Amyg'dalse ama'rse and A. dul'ces, (F.) Amandea am^rea and A. douces, obtained from two varieties of Amyg' dalua commu'nia or A. aati'- va, Al'mond tree, (Old Eng.) Amyllier, a native of Barbary. Ord. Amygdaleae. Sex. Syat. Ico- sandria Monogynia.
The taste of Amygdala dul'cia, Jor'dnn Almond, is soft and sweet; that of A. ama'ra, bitter. Both yield, by expression, a sweet, bland oil. The bitter almond contains Prussia acid. They are chiefly used for forming emulsions.
Amyg'dala, Tonsil. Also, a lobule or promi- nence of the cerebellum, so called from its resem- blance to an enlarged tonsil. This and its fellow of the opposite side form the lateral boundaries of the anterior extremity of the valley, and are in great part covered by the medulla oblongata.
The Amygdalae are seated on either side of the uvula, in the fourth ventricle.
Amyg'dala Ama'ea, see Amygdala — a. Dulcis, see Amygdala.
Amyg'dala Pas'ta, Almond Paste, a cosmetic for softening the skin and preventing chaps, is made of bitter almonds, blanched, ^iv., white of one egg; rose tvater, and rectified spirits, equal parts, or as much as is sufficient.
AMYG'DALiE Per'sic^, See Amygdalus Persica. Amyg'dala Placen'ta, Al'mond Cake, is the cake left after the expression of the oil. The ground Almond Cake, Almond Powder, Fari'na Amygdala' rum, is used instead of soap for wash- ing the hands.
Arnygdalatome,Amygdalat'omtt8, (from amyg'- dala, and To/i>7, 'incision;') improperly Ton'sil- litome, — Tonsil guillotine, (F.) Se'cateur des Amygdalea. An instrument of surgery for ex- cising a portion of the tonsil. See Kiotome.
Amygdala'tum, Emulsio amygdala?.
Amygdale, Tonsil.
Amy g'd'alin, AmygdaU'num, Amygdali'na, Amyg' daline. A principle contained in bitter al- monds, which is prepared by depriving them of their fixed oil by pressure, boiling them in suc- cessive portions of alcohol until exhausted, dis- tilling off the alcohol, diluting the syrupy residue with water mixed with yeast, fermenting it, filter- ing, evaporating, and mixing with alcohol. The amygdalin is then separated from the gum with which it is precipitated by solution in boiling alcohol. A weak solution of it, under the influ- ence of a small quantity of emidsin or synaptase, which constitutes the larger portion of .the pulp of almonds, yields at once oil of bitter almonds and hydrocyanic acid.
Amygdali'tis, {amygdala, and itis,) Cynanche tonsillans.
Amyg'dalum, Amygdala.
Amyg'dalus, (a,uvy6aAof,) see Amygdala — a. Communis, see Amygdala.
Amyg'dalus Per'siga, Per'aica vtdga'ris. The common peach tree, (F.) Pecher, The leaves and flowers have been considered laxative. They are bitter and aromatic, and have been given in he- maturia, nephritis, &G. The fruit — peach, (F.) peche — is one of the pleasant and wholesome summer fruits, when ripe. The kernels, Amyg'- dalse Per'sicse, as well as the flowers, contain prussic acid.
Peach Brandy is distilled from the fruit, and is much used in the United States.
Amyg'dalus Sati'va, see Amygdala,
Amyg'mus, (a/nuy^ioj, from apmaut, ' I scratch,') Scarification.
Am'yl. A compound radical of a homologous series, which includes Methyl, Ethyl, Propyl, <fec. Several of its compounds have a therapeutic value. See also Amylum.
Amyl, Acetate op, is similar in its properties to the nitrite and iodide, though to a less degree.
Am'yl, Hydride or Hydruret of, Hydramyl, a colorless volatile liquid, said to be the lightest known, was proposed as an anaesthetic by Prof. J. Y. Simpson. It is soluble in alcohol and ether, but insoluble in water. Mixed with ether, it may be employed in the form of spray as a local anaesthetic.
Am'yl, Hydra'ted Ox'ide of, Oil, fusel.
Am'yl, Iodide of, is said to resemble amylic alcohol in its effects on the system. The animal under its influence is found to move for some time in a circle, whether spontaneously or under ex- citation. It does not produce insensibility to pain.
Am'yl, Ni'trite op. An inflammable fluid, s. g, •913, boiling at 182° Fahr. It has an odor of over-ripe pears, and is antiseptic. It is said to be most readily absorbed by the mucous mem- branes and areolar tissue, producing immediately
46
AMYLAC^
violent action of the heart. While by some it is considered most powerfully excitant of vascular action, producing its characteristic eflFects directly upon the walls of the small arteries; by others it is said to be sedative, lessening reflex excita- bility and arterial blood-pressure, and arresting oxidation. It does not appear to. be anaesthetic, consciousness being never destroyed by it. It must be inhaled in very small doses, only four or five drops at a time. Its efficacy in angina pec- toris seems to be well established.
Aiinyla,ce, Amylaceous.
Amyla'ceous, Aniyla'ansy (F.) AmylacS, (am- ylu'ii, 'starch.') Having the nature of, or con- taining starch. Starchy, starch-like.
Amyla'ceoits Bod'ies, Corpora amylacea.
Am'ylen or Am'ylene, see Potato oil.
Amyreon, Amylum.
Am'yli lo'didum, Starch, iodide of — a. lodu- retum, Starch, iodide of.
Am'ylin, see Glycogenic.
Amyl'ion, Amylum.
Amyl'lier, see Amygdala.
Am'yloid, Ami/loi'des, {amylum, and eiSo^, ' re- semblance.') Resembling starch. See Corpora amylacea, and Glycogenic matter.
Am'vloid Bon'iKS, Corpora amylacea — a. De- generation, see Lardaceous.
Am'yioids. Non-nitrogenous aliments — starch, sugar, and their allies.
Am'ylon, Amylum, Glycogenic matter.
Am'ylum, Am'idum, Fec'ala, Amyl'eon, Amyl'- ion, Aiii'yloH, (afivXav, from a, and jJivXt], 'a, mill,* because made without a mill,) Starch, (Old Eng.) Am'yl, (F.) Amidon, Amy Ion. Starch of Wheat, Fari'na, Fari'na trit'ici, Am'ylum trittc"eum seu trif'ici, Fsec'ida Amyla'cea, the fecula of the seed of Triticum Vulgare, is inodorous and in- sipid, white and friable. It is insoluble in cold water and alcohol, but forms with boiling water a strong, semi-transparent jelly. It is demulcent, and is used as an emollient glyster, and as the vehicle for opium, when given per anum. It is also dusted on excoriated surfaces and as an ab- sorbent of irritating secretions. Free iodine is a delicate test for starch, giving a deep blue color when added to it. Starch is met with abundantly in all the cereal grains, in the stalks of many of the palms; in some lichens, and in many tuberous roots, particularly in the bulbs of the orchis.
Am'ylum America'num, see Arrow-root — a. Cannaceum, Tous-les-moia — a. lodatum. Starch, iodide of — a. Manihoticum, see Jatropha manihot — a. Marantaceum, Arrow-root — a. Palmaceum, Sago — a. Querneum, Racahout — a. Triticeum, Amylum — a. Tritici, Amylum.
A'myon, (from a, and ixvwv, * a muscle,') Emus- cula'tua. Without muscle. Applied to the limbs, when so extenuated that the muscles cannot be distinguished.
Aniy08th.eili'a, (F.) Amyosthinle, (a, /<vuv, ' a muscle,' and a^evo^, '.strength.') Defect of mus- cular contraction.
Atnyosthi-nie CysturiquCf Paralysis of the bladder, of Piorry.
Am'yris (gen. Amyr'idis) Commiph'ora, (a, • intensive,' and /lupov, * an odoriferous ointment,' because amyris enters into the composition of Buch.) See Bdellium.
Am'yuis Elkmif'kra, (F.) Bahnmier ou Bati,- mier Elfnii/h-e. Ord. Terobinthaooas. Sex. Syst. Octandria Monogynia. The plant whence it has been supposed Gum Ei/emi is obtained. This gum or resin is brought from the Spanish East and West Indies, lirntil'ian El'emi, according to Dr. lioyle, is produced by Ici'ca Icica'riba ; Mex'- icnn El'emi, by Ela'phrium elemiferum; and Manil'la El'emi, by Cuna'rium commu'ne. It is •oftish, transparent, of a pale whitish color, in- «li&ing a little to green, and of a strong, though
ANACATHARSIS
not unpleasant, smell. It is only used in oint- ments and plasters, and is a digestive.
Am'yris Git.kaden'sis, see A. opobalsamum.
Am'yris Opobal'samum, (F.) Balxamier ou Bnn- mier de la Meeque, Bal'sem, Bal'aamum. The plant from which is obtained the Balsam of Mec'ca, Bal'samum genui'num antt'quo'rum seu Aeiat'icum seu Juda'icum seu Syri'acum seu « Meccd seu Alpi'ni seu uEgypti' acum, CoccohaV- samum, Balnamelse'on, O'leum Bnl'nami, Opobal'- samum,, XylohaV samxim, Bal'aam or Balm of GiV- ead, (F.) Baiime Blanc, B.de Constantinople hlanc, B. de Galaad, B. dti Grand finire, B. Vrai, Tir- ebinthiue de GilSad, T. d'Eijypte, T. dn Grand Caire, T. de Judee. A resinous juice obtained by making incisions into Am'yris opobal'samum and A. Gileaden'ais of Linnaeus, Balsamaden'- dron Gileaden'se of Kunth. The juice of tha fruit is called Oarpobal'satmim ; that of the wood and branches Xylobal'samum. It has the general properties of the milder Terebinthinates.
Am'yris Tomrnto'sa, Fagara octandra.
Am'yron, Carthamus tinctorius.
A'myus, (a, and //uy, 'a muscle.') Weak or poor in muscle.
Amyx'ia, (a, and /zufa, 'mucus.') Deficiency of mucus.
Amyx'is, (a//D^<j,) Amycha, Scarification.
An, as a prefix. See A, Ad, and Am.
A'ua, {ava,) a word which signifies 'of each.' It is used in prescriptions as well as a and aa, its abbreviations. As a prefix, it means ' in,' ' through,' ' upwards,' ' above,' in opposition to cata — also, 'again,' 'repetition,' like the Eng- lish re.
Auab'asis, {avafiamg, from aya^aivu), ' I ascend.') The first period of a disease, or that of increase. See Augmentation and Acme.
Anabex'is, {ana, and ^t^aauv, 'to cough,') Ex' pectoration.
Anablep'sis, (ava/JAe^u, from ana, and jSAcn-w, ' I see.') Restoration to sight.
Ii.^[la^iO\3&'OTi,{ava^o\alOv,)Anahole'us,{ava^a\\u>, * I cast up.') An ointment for extracting darts or other extraneous bodies.
Anab'ole, {ava^oKrj,) Anago'ge, Anaph'ora, An- acine'ma, Anacine' sis. An evacuation upwards. An act by which certain matters are ejected by tho mouth. In common acceptation it includes, ex- spuition, expectoration, regurgitation, and vomiting.
Anabrochism'us, {ana, and Ppoxo?, 'a running knot.') An operation for removing the eye- lashes, for example, when they irritate the eye, by means of a hair knotted around them.
Anabro'sis, {aval3po)ms, from ana, and /3yiW(T*c«, 'I eat.') Corrosion, Erosion.
Anacahuite Wood, whose botanical origin is not known, but which is supposed to belong to Nat. Ord. Papilionaceae. is Mexican. It is inodor- ous and insipid ; but a decoction of it has been in- ordinately extolled in the first stages of phthisis.
Anacamps'eros, {avaxafti'ip'^s,) Sedura tele- phium.
Anaoar'dium Ocoidenta'16, {ana, and KapSia, 'heart,' from the resemblance of the fruit to a dried heart,) Acajn'ba occidenta'lis, Cassu'viuin pomiferum, Cashew' { W^ Indies), (F.) Ac'ajou. Ord. Terebinthaceoe. Sex. Syst. Enneandria Mo- nogynia. The Oil of the Cashew' Nut, O'leum An- acar'dii, Cardo'leum, (F.) Huile d'Acajon, is an active caustic, and used as such in the countries where it grows, especially for destroying warts, <to. A gum resembling gum Arabic, and called Cashew gum, exudes from the bark.
Anacar'dium ORiENTA'i-ic,Avicenniatomentosa.
Anaoathar'sis, {avcucaSapcti, from ana, and Ka^atpsiv, ' to purge.') Purgation upwards. Ex- pectoration. See, also, Repurgatio.
Anacatuar'sis Cataruha'lis Sim'plex, Ca- tarrh.
ANACATHARTICUS
ANAGALLIS
47
Anacathar'ticus, {avaKaBapriKos,) Expectorant.
Anaces'tOS, (amKearog, from an, and aKcofjiai, ' to «ure.') Incurable.
Anachremp'sis, {atia, and xP^l4'^^> 'spitting.') uition.
Ahachremp'tum, Sputum.
Ana'chron, Soda.
Aaacine'ma, gen. Anacine' matin, {avaKivtijia, from ana, and Kwt<a, 'I move,') Anabole, Exspui- tion.
Anacine'sis, {avaKivrimi,) Anabole, Exspuition.
Anac'lasis, {avoKKaai^, *a bending or breaking ipwards or backwards,') Repercussion.
Anaclinte'rium, {avaKXivrripiov,) AnacUn'trum, Becubito'rium, (avaK^ivw, ' I recline.') A long chair or seat, so formed that the person can rest in a reclining posture.
AnacUn'trum, (avaK'Xivrpov,) Anaclinterium.
Anacolle'ma, gen. AnacoUe'matis, pi. Anacol- leninta, (avaraAAi//-t«, from ana, and /coAAaui, * I glue.') A healing medicine.
Anacolle'mata, Frontal bandages.
Anacolup'pa. A creeping plant of Malabar, the juice of which, mixed with powdered pepper, passes in India as a cure for epilepsy, and as the only remedy for the bite of the naja. It is sup- posed to be Zappa'nia nodifo'ra.
Anacoluthie, {an, and aKoAow^oy, 'consequent,') Incoherence.
Anacom'ide, {avaK0(ii6r], from ana, and Koyn^tjii, * I bring,') llestauratio.
AnaCOnch.yliasm'uS, (ai^arayYuAtaa/ioy, from ana, Kndi Koyxv\ia(Eiv, * to gargle,') Gargarism.
Anaconchylism'us, Gargarism.
Anacte'sis, {avaKrijais, from ana, and Kraonat, 'to acquire,') Restauratio.
Anactir ion, Artemisia.
Anacyc'leon, {ana, and KVKXea), * I go in a cir- cle,') Charlatan.
Anacyc'lus Officina'rum, see Anthemis Pyre- thrum — a. Pyrethrum, Anthemis pyrethrum.
Anadesm'us, {avahufrnq, from una, and Scano;, ' a bandage,') Fascia.
Anadiplo'sis, ( ava ATrAwtrj?, from ana, and ^tTrAow, 'I double.') Epanadiplo'ais, JSpanalep'sis, Re- dupUca'tio. The redoubling which occurs in a par- oxysm of an intermittent, when its type is double.
Anad'ora, {ava6opn,) Ecdora.
Anad'osis, {ava6o(yii, from avabih'om, ' I give up.') Purgation upwards, as by vomiting. Congestion : of blood towards the upper parts of the body. Anadosia seems also to have occasionally meant chylification, while diad'oais meant capillary nu- trition.
Anad'romS, {avaSpoftr/, from ana, and Iptfua, 'I i run.') The transport of a humor or pain from a lower to an upper part. Also, the globus hyste- ricus. See Angone.
AnaedcB'us, (an, and aihoia, ' organs of genera- tion.') A monster devoid of sexual organs.
Anae'masis, Anaemia.
Anaematopoe'sis, {an, &iixa, 'blood,' and irotsiD, '1 make.') Impeded or obstructed haematosis.
Anaemato'sis, Anhsemato'sia, {oM, ai/xa, 'blood,' and oai'a.) Defective haematosis or preparation I , of the blood. Anaemia.
fj AnSB'tnia, Exx' mia,An!!e'ma8i8, Anhfe'mia, Anse' - I matoHia, Anhscmato' aia, Polyanhse'mia, Ansemo'ala, •\ Oligrie'mia, Oligohse'mia, Hypse'mia, Hydrose'mia, , Hydrse'mia, Ane'mia, (F.) Anemic, Anhemie, Anhe- matosie, Polyanhimie, Hydrohemie, Exaanguin'ity, Blood' leaaneaa, {avaifiia, from an, iifjia, ' blood.') iVivation of blood; — the opposite to plethora. It is characterized by every sign of debility. '^Iso, diminished quantity of fluids in the capil- lary vessels : — the opposite to Hypersemia. — The essential character of the blood in anaemia is dimi- nution in the ratio of red corpuscles, {'E.)Aglobulie. An^'mia, Tubercular, Chlorosis. Anse'miated, see Anaemic.
Anse'mic, Ane'mic, Anse'mieua. Appertaining or relating to anaemia, — as an " ansemic person," one who is anirmiated. See Exanguious.
Anaemoch'rous, {an, Aii^a, ' blood/ and xpoa, ' color.') Devoid of color, pale.
Anaemo'sis, Anaemia.
Anee m 0 t'r 0 phy, AnsemotropJi'ia, (an, Siii.ia, blood,' and rpoipt], 'nourishment.') A deficiency of sanguineous nourishment.
Anaemyd'ria, {an, iina, 'blood,' and l(5wp, 'water,') Anhydrsemia.
Anaesthe'sia, Ansathe'aia, Liaevaihil'itaa, An- aJge'aia, Parap'aia exp>era, (F.) Aneatheaie ; (avaia- ^ijaia, from an, and aia^awijiat, 'I feel.') Priva- tion of sensation, and especially of that of touch according to some; paralysis of sensibility. It may be general or partial, and is almost always symptomatic, or it may be the result of applica- tion of -a general or local anaesthetic.
AnvEStiie'sia Gustato'ria, Aguestia — a. Lin- guae, Ageustia.
Anjesthe'sia, Mus'cular. A loss of the feel- ing of muscular action — Muacnhtr senae — at- tended by irregularity, sluggishness, and dimin-. ished force of voluntary movement, but unattend- ed by any necessary loss of cutaneous sensibility or by distinct paralysis.
An^sthe'sia Olpacto'ria, Anosmia — a. Optic, Amaurosis.
AnsBsthe'sis, Anaesthesia.
AnSBSthet'ic, Aueathet'ic, Antrafhet'icua, Ansea- the'tiia, (F.) Aneatheaique. Relating to privation of feeling, as an " anseathetic agent;" one that prevents feeling. The term is, now, almost re- stricted to agents which produce such effect by being received into the lungs in the form of va- pors or gases, and passing with the blood to the nervous centres on which their action is exerted. Perhaps, as a general rule, the intellectual facul- ties first feel their influence, — a sort of intoxi- cation supervening, with imperfect power of regu- lating the movements ; the sensory ganglia be- come afterwards or simultaneously affected, sensa- tion and motion are suspended, and ultimately, if the quantity inhaled be sufficient, the medulla oblongata has its actions suspended or destroyed, respiration ceases, and death is the consequence. Different agents have been used as anaesthetics by way of inhalation — sulphuric ether, acetic ether, chloroform, chloric ether, nitrous oxide, compound ether, chlorohydric and nitric ethers, bisulphuret of carbon, bichloride of methylen, chloride of olefiant gas, benzin, aldehyde, light coal-tar naphtha, amylen, <fcc. Anajsthetics are greatly used in serious surgical operations, and during parturition; and in such cases, as well aa in many diseases, especially of a painful nature, produce the most beneficial results. The ethers, rhigolene and other agents, when applied to a part in the form of spray, by their evaporation benumb it; and thus act as local anaesthetics.
Anaesthetiza'tion, Aneathetiza'tion, (F.) Anea- thetiaation. The condition of the nervous system induced by anaesthetics. To an' leathetize, or an'- eathetize, (F.) anealMaier, is to produce such a condition.
An'aesthetize, see Anaesthetization.
Anaesthe'tus, {avaia^riTOi,) Anaesthetic.
Anagal'lis, {avayaWi^, from ana, and ya\a, 'milk,' from its power of coagulating milk.) A. arven'aia, A. Phocnic"ea, lied Pim'pernel, Scarlet Pim'pernel, Shep'herd'a Sundi'al, Chickiceed. Nat. Ord. Primulaceae. Sex. Syat. Pentandria Mono- gynia. (F.) Motiron rouge. A common European plant; a reputed antispasmodic and stomachic. A decoction of this in beer is said to form an important part of Stoy'a medicine for hydrophobia.
Another species, Anagal'lis cseru'lea, is a mere variety of the above.
Anagal'lis Aquat'ica, Veronica Beccabungsu
48 a:n^agaegalicton
ANARBHEGNUMINA
Anagargalict'on, {avayapyaXiKTW, from avayapya- pi^dj, ' I gargle,') (iargarism.
Anagargarism'us, Gargarism.
Anagargarist'on, (avayapyapiarov,) Gargarism.
Anagenne'sis, Anaph'ysis, {ana, and ytvvoua, '1 generate.') Regeneration ; growing again.
Auag'lyphe, {avayXvpri, from ana, and y\v<p(a, * I carve.') Calamus scriptorius.
Anagnost'akis, (after the Greek physician who invented it.) See Ophthalmoscope.
AnagO'ge, (amywyri, from ana, and ayw, ' I lead.') Anabolo, Rejectio.
Anag'raplie, {avaypw^r), from ana, and ypcufxa, ' I write,') Prescription.
Anag'yris, {avayvptg,) Anag'yria fm'tida, An- ag'yrna, Ac'opon, IStink'incj Bean Trefoil, (F.) Anagyre. Ord. Leguminosae. Native of Italy. The leaves are powerfully purgative. The juice is said to be diuretic, and the seeds emetic.
Anag'yruS, {avayvpoq,) Anagyris.
A'nal, Ana'lin. That which relates or apper- tains to the anus ; — Anal region ; Anal fistula ; Anal hairs — Pi'li ana' lea, &c.
Anal'dia, (F.) Analdie; {an, and aXieiv, *to grow.') Defective nutrition.
Analem'sia, Analepsia.
Analen'tia, Analepsia.
Analep'sia, {avaXr/ipii,) Analep'sia, Epanalepsia, Analen'tia, Analem'sia, {ana, and Xafji^aveiv, — future Xrjil'Ofiai, — ' to take.') Restoration to strength after disease. A kind of sympathetic epilepsy, originating from gastric disorder. See Epilepsy. Also, the support given to a fractured extremity.
Analep'sis, {avaXrjrpis,) Convalescence, Restau- ratio, Analepsia.
Aiial«p'tic, see Analeptica.
Analep'tica, {avaXrrrrriKa,) Anapayc'tica, Psy- chot'ica, liefecti'va lieflcien' tia, Restauran'tia, Analep'tica. Restorative medicines or foodj such as are adapted to recruit the strength during dis- ease or convalescence.
Analep'tic Pills, James's, consist of James's Powder, Gum Ammoniacum, and Pills of Aloes and Myrrh, equal parts, with Tincture of Caator, sufficient to form a mass.
Analge'sia, {amXyriata,) AnaVgia, {an, and aXyog, ' pain.') Absence of pain both in health and disease. See Anaesthesia.
Anal'gia, Analgesia.
Anal'ogous Tissues, see Tissues.
An'alogue, Anal'ogns, {ana, and Xoyos, 'pro- portion.') A part in one organized being which has the same function as another part in another organized being,
Analo'sis, {avaXwan,) Atrophy.
Anal'tlies, {avaXbrjg,) Incurable.
Anal'ysis, {avaXvc% from ana, and Xveiv, *to loose,') (F.) Analyse. The resolution of any- thing into its component parts.
Anal'ysis, Prismat'io, Spectrum analysis — a. Spectrum, Spectrum analysis.
Auamir'ta Coc'culus, Menispermum cocculua
— a. Paniculata, Menispermum cooculus. Anamnes'tic, {avauvriiiTiKov,) Ana»mea'ticnm,
(nan, and /it/if ;?(tku, 'I remember.') A medicine for improving the memory. See, also, Commemo- rative.
Ana'nas, Bromclia ananas — a. Aculeata, Bro- molia ananas — a. Americana, Bronielia pinguin
— a. Ovata, Bromelia ananas — a. Wild, broad- leaved, Bromelia pinguin.
Ananazip'ta. A word formerly scrawled on amulets lo charm away disease.
Anandri'a, (av^vSiitia, from an, and avtfp, gen. avipoi,' a imin.') Want of manliness. Impotence in the male. The state and act of emasculation.
Ananeo'sis, {avavaaati, from ana, vcoi, * new,' and o«i«.) Rftiova'tio. Renovation or renewal,
— as of the blood by the chyliforoua vessels and lymphatics.
Anapeti'a, {ava-it£Teia,)Expan' aio mea'tnttm,{ana, and TTETao}, * I dilate.') A state opposite to that of the closure of vessels.
Anaph.alailti'asis, {avaipaXcwrtaan,) Anaphalan- to'ma, {ana, and (paXavTog, ' bald.') Loss of the hair of the eyebrows. Also, baldness in general.
Anaphalanto'ma, gen. Anaphalanto'matia, {avatpaXavTwyta, from ana, and (paXavTog, * bald/) Anaphalantiasis.
An'aphe, Anaphia.
Anaph.'ia, Anhaph'ia, An'aphe, {an, and ifri, 'touch.') Diminution or privation of the sense of touch.
Anaphlasm'US, {amcfXacrnos, from ava(pXa(a, ' I produce erection,') Masturbation.
Anaphone'sis, {ava(pu)vr)(ni,) {ana, and (fxavv, ' voice.') Exercise of the voice : vociferation : — the act of crying out; Voci/era'tio, Clamor.
Anaph'ora, {avcupopa, from ana, and (ptpeiv, ' tc carry,') Anabole.
Anaphrodis'ia, {avacppoSiaia, from an, and A.<ppo- SiTrj, 'Venus,') Defec'tus Ven'eris. Absence of the venereal appetite. Sometimes used for Impotence and Sterility.
Anaphrodis'iac, Antaphrodisiac.
Anaphrom'eli, {an, atppog, 'froth,' and fieXi, 'honey,') Mel despumatum.
Anaph'ysis, {ana, and (pvu), 'I produce,') An- agennesis.
Anap'lasis, Anaplaam'na, {avanXaats, from ava- irXacaii), ' I restore.') Confirma'tio, Rpposit" io. Restoration. Union or consolidation of a frac- tured bone.
Anaplasmat'ic, Anaplastic.
Anaplasm'us, {avmXacnog,) Anaplasis.
Anaplas'tic, Anaplas'ticus. An epithet ap- plied to the art of restoring lost parts or the nor- mal shape, — as "Anaplastic Surgery," An'a- plasty. See Morioplastice. Also, an agent, that increases the amouut of plastic matter — fibrin — in the blood ; Anaplasmat'ic.
An'aplasty. See Anaplastic.
Anaplero'sis, {avaixXrjpdHJig, from ana, nXripooi, ' I fill,' and osis.) Repletion. That part of surgi- cal therapeutics whose object is to supply parts that are wanting. Also, Apposition or Prosthesis.
Anaplero'ticus, Incarnans.
AnapleUS'is, {avairXEvan,) Fluctua'tio, Innata'- tio, (from avanXeu}, — ana, and wAtw, — 'I swim above.') The looseness or shaking of an exfoli- ated bone; or of a carious or other tooth, <feo.
Anaplo'sis, {avanXutais, from ana, anXout, ' I un- fold,' and osis,) Growth.
Anapneus'is, {avanvevcii,) {ana, and TTVEu), ' I breathe,') Respiration.
Anap'noe, {avanvoij,) Respiration.
Anapnoenu'si, {anapnoe, and vovaos, 'disease.') Diseases of the respiratory organs.
Anap'nOgrapll) {anapnoe, and ypa<p(a, 'I de- scribe.') An apparatus on the principle of the sphygmograph to register the speed, pressure, and quantity of aerial currents in the respiratory tracts.
Anapnoni'eter, {anapnoe, and /iicr/aor, 'measure,') Spirometer.
Anapod'isis U'teri, {amiroSiaig, from avaroji^u, ' I go back.') Retroversio Uteri.
Anapodism'us U'teri, {avanoSiopos,) Retrover.-ia Uteri.
Anapodophyl'lum Canaden'sfi, Podophyllirai peltatuni.
Anap'osis, Am'posis, {ana, and worry, 'drink.') A recession of humors from the circumference to the centre of the body.
Anapsyo'tioa, {avaipvxiJt, *I refresh.') Ana- leptica.
Anap'tysis, {ava, and jm»w, ' I spit.') Expec- toration.
Anaptyz'is, {avamv^ii, from avairrvaam, ' I un- fold.') Growth.
Anarooti'na, Narcotine.
Anarrhegnu'mina, {avapi>rjyvvfii, ' I break out
ANARRHINON
ANATOMY
49
again.') Fractures arc ?o called when they be- come disunited} as well as ulcers when they break out afresh.
Anarrhi'non, {ana, and piv, 'the nose.') That which returns by the nose.
According to others, that which issues by the skin 5 (from uva, and ptvoi, 'the skin.')
Anarrhi'num, Sternutatory.
Anarrhoe, Auarrhoca.
Anarrhoe'a, Anar'ihoe, Anarrho'pia, Anas'- tasifi, (anil, and peut, 'I flow.') Afflux of fluid towards the upper part of the body.
Anar'rhoplie, {avappoipau, ' I suck in.') Ab- sorption.
Auarrhophenu'si, {anarrlwphe, and vovaog, * dis- ease.) Diseases of the absorbents.
Anarrhophe'sis, [umppo^ijaii.) Absorption.
Anarrhop'ia, {avappo-ma, from ana, and /JsTro), * I incline.') Anarrhoia.
Anar'thrus, {avap^poi, — from an, and ap&pov, *a joint.') Without a joint. One who is so fat that his joints are scarcely perceptible.
Anasar'ca, («»'e, 'through,' and aap^, gen. aapKag, ' the flesh,') Gatasar' ca, A' qua inter' cus ECU I'n'ter cu'tem, Hi/posar'ca, Hy'drops celUda'ria toti'ns cor'pori8, H. aiiasar'ca seu inter'cus seu auhcuta'neus seu cellnlo'aus seu cuta'neuH seu te'lse ceUiilo'sse, Katasar'ca, Epinarcid' itimy Hij' deros, Mydaton' cus, Hyderon'cus, Hijdron'cus, Hydro- ear' ca, Hydroder'nia, Hydrop'iaia ve'ra, Sard' tea, Polylym'phia, Hijpoaarcld' iua, Leiicophleyma'tia, Gen'eraldrop'sy, Drop' ny of the cellular membrane, (F.) Anaaarqne. Commonly, it begins to mani- fest itself by swelling around the ankles : and is characterized by tumefaction of the limbs and of the soft parts covering the abdomen, thorax, and even the face, with paleness and dryness of the skin, and pitting when any of these (especially the ankles) are pressed upon. Like dropsy in general, anasarca may be active or ^>«««/t'e ; and its treatment must be regulated by the rules that are applicable to dropsy in general. At times, the symptoms are of an acute character, and the eflFusion sudden, constituting Dennatoch'yaiH, Hy'- dropa Anaaar'ca acu'tua, CEde'tna cul'idum, CE. acu'tum, CE. febri'le of some. See Hydrops.
Anasar'ca Hystkr'icu.m, Anathymiasis — a. Pulmonum, Hydropneumonia, (Edema of the lungs — a. Serosa, Phlegmatia dolens.
A.nasarque, Anasarca.
Anasism'US, (uvaaeiai/os, from ana, and aetu), '1 shake.') Concussion.
Anaspa'dia, see Anaspasis.
Anaspa'dias, Epiapa'diaa, (ana, and anato, ' I draw.') One whose urethra opens on the upper surface of the penis.
Anaspad'isis, see Anaspasis.
Anaspadism'us, see Anaspasis.
Anas'pasis, Ana^paam' us, {avatnraaii, from avu, and <nraw, ' I draw,') lietrac'tlo. Contraction, ©specially of the bowels. The condition is called Anaapa'dia, Anaapad' iaia, and Anaapadiam'ua.
Anaspasm'us, Anaspasis.
Anas'sa, Bromelia ananas.
Anastartica^ [ava, and artWu), ' I contract.') Styptics.
Anas'tasis, {avmrasTtq,) Anarrhoea. Also, re- storation from sickness. Convalescence; (from wuTTtui, ' I rise up.')
AnastcBcheio'sis, {ana, and croixf^ov, 'ele- ment.') lieelemcnta'tio. Resolution of a body or its parts into their elements.
Anastomo'sis, {avaaroiiumi, from ana, arofta, * a mouth,' and oais.) Inoaculn' tio seu Eeu'nio vaao'- rtim, Exanaatonio'aia, Concur'sua, hioacula'tion, (F.) Anaatomose, Abouchement. Communication between two vessels. By considering the nerves to be channels, in which a nervous fluid circulates, their communication has been called Anaaiomoaia. I By means of anastomoses, if the course of a fluid
be arrested in one vessel, it can proceed along others.
Anastomo'sis Aneurismat'ica, Telangiectasia — a. Jacobsdn's, see Petrosal ganglion.
Anastomot'ic, {avaaroiJtoTiKos,) Anaatomo'ticua, (F.) Anaatoniutique. Belonging or relating to anas- tomosis.
Anastomot'ic Ar'tery, see Anastomoticus.
Anastomot'ics, Anaatomo'tira. Certain medi- cines were formerly so called, which were believed to be capable of opening the mouihs of vessels, as aperients, diuretics, etc.
Anastomo'ticus Mag'nus (Ra'mus), (F.) Ar-
(ere collaterale interne, A. collaterale du coude, is a branch of the brachial artery, which comes off a little above the elbow, and bestows branches to the brachialis internus, to the under edge of the triceps, and to the muscles, ligaments, Ac, about the elbow joint. See Articular arteries of knee. Anas'trophe TJ'teri, {avaarpoipri, from ana, and arpciftu), ' I turn/) Inversio uteri.
Anat'asis, {avaraaii, from ana, and TtW{o, ' I stretch.') Extension.
Anathe'ma, gen. Anathe'matia, (ava^rjfia, from ana, and n&nf/i, 'to put.') Tabula votiva.
Anathe'rum Mnrica'tum, Andropogon muri- catus. Anathom'ia, Anatomy.
Anathreps'is, {avu^petpis, from ana, and rpecixa, ' I nourish.') A renewal of nutrition, as in resto- ration to previous health after exhausting disease. Anathymia'ma, gen. Anuthymiu'inatia, {ava- Svpiana, Anathymiasis.
Anathymia'sis, ( ava^vfjuaaK;, ) Anathymiu'ma^ {ana, and Ov^a, ' fumigation,') (Ede'ma fu'yax, J'/iyyade'vta, O'^de' nia apaa'ticum, CEde'ma hyater'- icum, Anaaar'ca hyaier'icum. An uncertain and transient swelling or inflation, said to have been observed at times in nervous and hysterical per- sons. It also means ExhalaUon, Fumigation, and Hypochondriasis.
Anat'ole Un'guium, {avaroXri, from avarcWw, 'I come forth.') See IS ail.
Anat'ome, {avuTOfirj,) Anatomy — a. Animata, Physiology.
Anatom'ia, Anatomy — a. Animalis, Zootomy — a. Couiparata, Zootomy — a. Comparativa, Zo- otomy — a. Viva, PhA'siology.
Anatom'ical, Anatom'icua, (F.) Anatomiqtie ; same etymon as Anatomy. Relating or apper- taining to anatomy.
A.natomief Anatomy — a. dea Agea, see Anat- omy— a. Chiruryicale, see^ Anatomy — a. Claa- tique, see Anatomy — a. d' Evolution, see Anatomy — «. du Fwtua, see Anatomy — a dea lief/iona, see Anatomy — o. de Teuture, Histology — a, Topographique, see Anatomy. Anatmnique, Anatomical. Anat'omism, Anatomiam'ua. The doctrine of those who look into the arrangement of parts, to explain all the phenomena of the organism.
Anat'omist, Anatom'icua. One who occupies himself with anatomy. One versed in anatomy. Anat'omy, {avaroffri,) Anat'ome, Anatom'ia, Ana' thom'ia, Proaec'tio, (from ana, and Trjjjvetv, 'to cut,') (F.) Anatomic. The word Anatomy properly signi- fies rf/««e(</oHy but it has been appropriated to the study and knowledge of the number, shape, sifua- tion, structure, and connection — inaword,of all the apparent properties — of organized bodies. Anat- omy is thescience of organization. Some have given the term a still more extended acceptation, apply- I ing it to every mechanical decomposition, even of I inorganic bodies. Thus Cryatallog'raphy has been ! termed the J»fl^>/»?/of crystallized minerals. Anat- omy has also been cmUed Mo rpho I' ogy , Sonmtol'ogyf Homatot'omij, Organology, kc. It assumes diflfer- ent names, according as the study is confined to one organized being, or to a species or class of beings. Thus, Androt'omy, or Anthropot'omy, or Anthro-
50
ANATOMY
po</'rnphi/, or Anthroposomatol' ogy, is the Anatomy of Man ; Zoot'omy, that of the other species of the aniinal kingdom ; and Vet' erinary Anat'omy, is the anatomy of domestic animals; but when the word is used abstractly, it means Ha'man Auatomy, and particularly the study of the or gans in a physiological or healthy state. The anatomy of foetal development has been called by the French Anatoniie du Foetun, A. d' EvolutioUy A. del Ages. Phyaiolog" ical Anatomy is occasionally used to signify the kind of anatomy which inves tigates structure with a special view to function. The Anatomy of the diseased human body is called Pathnlog" icnl or Mor'bid Anatomy, and when applied to Medical Jurisprudence, Fvren'sic Anatomy. Several of the organs possessing a similarity of structure, and being formed of the same tissues, they have been grouped into Sys- tems or Genera of Organs; and the study of, or acquaintance with, such systems, has been called Gen'eral Anat'omy, Histol'ogy, or Morphot'omy, whilst the study of each organ in particular has been termed Descrip'tive or Sp<'-c"ial Anatomy, Anthroponwrphol' ogy. HintoVogy is, however, more frequently applied to the Anatomy of the Tis'aues, which is called, also, Tex'tural and Mi- croHcop'ic Anatomy, Micranotom'ia. See Histology. Descriptive Anatomy has been divided into iSkel- etol'ogy, which comprises Osteol'ogy and Syndes- mol'ogy ; and Savcol'ogy, which is subdivided into Myol'ogy, Neurol'ogy, Angiol'ogy, AdenoV - ogy, Splanchnol'ogy, and DermoVogy. Sur'gical Anat'omy, Medico-chirurgical Anat'omy, Topo- grnph'ical Anat'omy, Re'gional Anat'omy, (F.) Anatomie Chirurgicale, A, des Regions, A. Topo- graphiqne, is the particular and relative study of the bones, muscles, nerves, vessels, <fec., with which it is indispensable to be acquainted before performing operations. Compar'ative or Analog" - icnl Anatomy is the comparative study of each organ, with a view to an acquaintance with the modifications of its structure in different animals, or in the different classes of animals ; whilst Homolng"ieal Anatomy examines the relations to each other of the different parts of the same indi- ridual. Transcendent' al or Philosoph'ical Anat- otfiy inquires into the mode, plan, or model upon which the animal frame or organs are formed; Aitifi'cial Anat'omy is the art of modelling and representing, in wax or other substance, the different organs or different parts of the human body in the sound or diseased state; and Ctas'tic Anat'omy, (F.) Anntomie CUiHtiqiie, (K><au>, 'I break,') in the language of Auzous, is the forma- tion of models in such sort that they can be broken or separated into pieces. Phytot'omy and Phytanat'omy is the anatomy of vegetables, and Picto'rial Anatomy, anatomy artistically illus- trated.
Amat'omy, see Skeleton — a. Analogical, see Anatomy — a. Artificial, see Anatomy — a. Clas- tic, see Anatomy — a. Comparative, see Anatomy, Zootomy — a. Descriptive, see Anatomy — a. Fo- rensic, see Anatomy — a. General, see Anatomy — a. Ilomological, see Anatomy — a. Human, see Anatomy — a. of Man, sec Anatomy — a. Medi- oo-ohirurgieal, see Anatomy — a. Microscopic, see Anatomy — a. Morbid, see Anatomy — a. Patho- logical, see Anatomy— a. Pathological, micro- ecopic, sec Histology — a. Philosophical, see Anat- oijay — a. Physiological, see Anatomy — a. Picto- rial, see Anatomy — a. Practical, see Dissection — a. Regional, see Anatomy — a. Special, see Anat- omy — a. Surgical, see Anatomy — a. Textural, see Anatomy — a. Topographical, see Anatomy — Ik. Transcendental, see Anatomy — a. Veterinary aeo Anatomy.
Anatre'sis, (avaTf)n<r({, from ana, and rpcta, ' I bore,') Perforation, Trepanning.
Anat'ribfi, (ana, and rpiHu, ' I rub,') Friction.
ANCONEUS
Anatrips'is, (avarpupis,) Friction.
Anatripsd'Ogy, Analr)j)8ol(tg"ia, Anatn'pte. log"ia, {anatripnis, and Aoyoj, ' a discourse.') A treatise on friction as a remedy.
Anatriptolog'la, Anatripsology.
Ana'tron, Natron, Soda.
Ana'trope, (avarpmrj, from ana, and rpEnta, 'I turn.') Subversion. A turning or subversion or inverted action of the stomach, characterized by nausea, vomiting, etc. We still speak of th« stomach 'turning' against anything.
Anaud'ia, {amviia, from an, and uvSj), * speech,') Catalepsy, Mutitas.
Anax'yris, Rumex aoetosa.
Anaz'esis, {am^emi, from utia, and ^tw, ' I boil,') Ebullition.
Anazotique, see Nitrogen ized.
Anazotu'ria, (an, azotum., and ovpof, 'urine,') see Urine.
An'cha, Haunch.
An'chilops, (ay;;^;tXwi//, from ay;;^!, ' near,' and w;//, * the eye,') J5gil<»ps.
An'chone, {ayxovt/, from ayxf^, ' I strangle,') Angone.
Anchora'lis Proces'sus, {anehora, ' an anchor,') Coracoid.
Anchu'sa Angustifo'lia, (ayxovtra,) A. offici- nalis— a. Incarnata, A. officinalis — a. Ly«op- soides, A. officinalis.
Anchu'sa Officina'lis, A. Angustifo'lia seu Incarna'ta seu Lycopsdi'des, Enchu'sa, Alca'na, Lin'gua Bo'vis, Bugloa' sum sylves'tre,Offic"inal or Gar'den Al'kanet or Bu'glosa, (Old. Eng.) Lang- debef, (F.) Buglose. Ord. Boragineas. Sex. Syst. Pentandria Monogynia. A native of Great Britain. The herb was formerly esteemed as a cordial in melancholia and hypochondriasis ; but it is now rarely used. It is also called Buglos'aa, Buglos'sum angustifo'lium ma'jus, B. vulga'ri majus, B. sati'vum.
Anchu'sa Tincto'ria, Alcan'na spu'ria, Dy'er'a Bu' gloss, Ane'bium, Buglos'sum Tincto'rum, Li- thosper' mum villo'sum, Dy'er'a Al'kanet, Orchnnet, (F.) Orcanette. A European plant. The medical properties are equivocal. It is used to give a beautiful red color to ointments.
Anchylo'sis, Ankylosis.
Aneist'ron, (ayKiaTpov,) Hamulus.
An'cle, (from ayKvXog, 'crooked,') Astragalus, Malleolus.
An'cler, Malleolus.
An'clet, Malleolus.
An'cliflf, Malleolus.
Au'clowe, Malleolus.
Aticolie, Aquilegia vulgaris.
Au'con, (ayx-uv,) Elbow, Olecranon.
Au'conad, see Anconal aspect.
Ancon'agra, {ancon, and aypa, * a seizure,') Pechyagra.
An'coual or Anco'nal, (ancon.) Relating or appertaining to the elbow or olecranon.
An'conal As'pect. An aspect towards the side on which the ancon or elbow is situated. — Bar- clay. An'conad is used by the same writer, ad- verbially, to signify 'towards the anconal aspect.'
Ancofie, Anconeus.
Ancone'us, {ancon.) A term once applied to every muscle attached to the olecranon. Winslow distinguished four — the great, external, internal, and small; the first three being portions of the same muscle, the triceps brachialis. The last has alone retained the name. It is the Ancone'us mi'nor of Winslow, the Ancone'tis seu Gubitn'lia Riola'ni of Douglas, the Epicondylocubita'lis of Chauasier, the Bre'vis Cu'biti,(F.) Anconi, and is situate at the upper and back part of the forearm. It arises from the external condyle of the os hu- meri, and is inserted into the posterior edge of the upper third of the ulna. Its use is to aid in the extension of the forearm.
ANCONEUS
ANEANTISSEMENT 51
AiT(y>NE'us Extern'us, see Triceps extensor eubiti — a. Internus, see Triceps extensor cubiti — a. Major, see Triceps extensor cubiti.
AuCte'reS, (ayfrripei, pi. of ayKTrjp, 'a clasp,' from «y;c"», * I strangle.') Fibulse or Claupa by which the lips of wounds were formerly kept together. Ancteriasm'US, {ayK-nKnaa^i,) Infibulation. Ancu'bitas, PeU-ifac'tio. An affection of the eye. in which there is a sensation as if sand were irritating the organ.
Ancunnlen'tae. A name formerly given to men- struating females.
An'cus, ^h'^m«, (ay»fos, from oyfcwv, 'the elbow.) One who cannot extend his arms completely.
Also, the deformity resulting from a luxation of the humerus or forearm. An'cyl6, Ankylosis.
Ancylen'terum, (from ancylo, and tvTspov, 'an intestine.') Adhesion or growing together of the intestines.
An'cylo, (from ayK»\ri, ' a curve,' and hence a stiff joint, — ankylosis.) In composition, a curved ♦ondition : and a growing together.
Ancyloblepli'aron, {PX£<pafov, 'eyelid,') Anky- loblepharon.
Ancylocheiria, Ankyloeheilia. Ancylocolp'us, (xoXiTOi, ' vagina,') Colpatresia. Anci/locore, Ankylocore. Ancylod'ere, (^epv, * neck,') Torticollis. Ancylod'eris, Torticollis. Ancylodon'tia, Ankylodontia. Ancylo glos'sia, Ankyloglossia. Ancylome'le, Ankylomele. Ancylomerism'us, Ankylomerismus. Ancylorrhin'ia, Ankylorrhinia. Ancylo'sis, Ankylosis.
Ancylos'toma Duodena Id, Scleros'toma duo- dena'le. Ancylo'tia, Ankylotia. Ancylot'omus, Ankylotomus. An'cyra, (ayKupa,) Hook.
An'cyroid Cav'ity, (from ancyra, and ti^, * shape,') Digital cavity. Ancyroi'des Proces'sus, Coracoid. And, Breath.
An'da. Native name of a tree of Brazil — Anda Gome'aii seu Brasilien'sis sue de Pison, An- das'au, Anda-agu, Joanne' sia prin'ceps. Ord. Euphorbiaceae. Sex. Syst. Monoecia Monadel- phia. An oil — Oil of An'da — is obtained from the seeds by pressure, 60 to 60 drops of which act as a cathartic. The fruit is an oval nut, containing two seeds. Thesehave the taste of the chestnut; but are strongly cathartic, and even emetic. The shell is astringent, and is used as such in diarrhoea., «fcc. Ande, Breath.
Andely, Min'eral Wa'ters of. Andely is in France, near Gysore, and eight leagues from Kouen. The water is cold, and a weak chaly- bciite. It is used in chlorosis and abdominal ob- structions. Andersch, Ganglion of, Petrous ganglion. An'derson's Pills, see Pilulie Aloes et Jalapae. Andi'ra Ibai, (Brazilian name,) Geoffra)a vor- ruifuga — a. Inermis, Geoffraea inermis — a. Kace- inosa, Geoffraea inermis — a. Surinamensis, Geoff- nv'a surinamensis.
Andol-Andol. The tincture of Andol-Andol, a large Chinese fly, about twice the size of the Spanish fly, is much used in China and Java as a powerful vesicant. Andrachaha'ra, Sempervivum tectorum. Andrach'nfi, {avSpaxyv,} Arbutus unedo, Portu- laca. AndraedoB'a, (andro, and mdoea,) Pudibilia. Andralogomdle, {andro, a, priv., Aoyoj, 'pro- portion,' and fxrjXov, ' a domestic animal.') A ' name given by Malacarne to a monster in which I he supposed the presence of the body of a man < with the limbs of a brute.
Andranatom'ia, Andranat'ome, Androtom'ia, Androt' ome, Anthropot'omy, {andro, and TCfivuv, ' to cut.') The anatomy of man.
Andri'a, {av^pua.) Adult age. Manhood.
Andri'a Mu'lier, Mulier Hermaphrodit' ica. A female hermaphrodite.
An'dro, (from avrjp, gen. avSpos, 'man.') In composition, man.
Androa'rium, {andro, and oarium, ' seed- vessel,') Testicle.
Androgeni'a, {avipoyeveia, from andro, and yeveais, ' generation.') The procreation of males.
A.ndrogyni.stue, Hermaphrodeity.
Androg"ynons, Hermaphroditic.
Androg"ynus, {av^poywoq, from andro, and yvvi}, 'a woman.') A hermaphrodite. An effeminat* person. See Buggery.
Androleps'ia, (av^/;oX»7;/.ij, from andro, and Xa/ipavu), * I lay hold of,') Conception.
Androma'nia, (from andro, and mania,) Nym- phomania,
Androm'eda Arbo'rea,(from Andromeda, in an- tiquity.) Sor'rel Tree, Sotir Tree, Sour Wood, Elk Tree, Elk Wood, Sorrel Wood, Sour Leaf, (F.) AndromMe, Andromidier. A small indigenous tree ; Ord. Ericaceae, Sex. Syst. Dccandria Mono- gynia ; found in the Alleghany Mountains, and the hills and valleys diverging from them, as far as the southern limits of Georgia and Ala- bama ; but seldom north of Virginia. The sour leaves are refrigerant and astringent, and have been used to make a kind of lemonade, which has been given in fevers.
Androm'eda Maria'na, Broad-leaved Moor'- wort, Kill Lamb, Lamb Killer, Stag'gerbuah. A decoction of this American plant is said to have been successfully employed as a wash, in a disa- greeable affection — not uncommon among the negroes in the southern parts of the United States
— called the Toe Itch, and Ground Itch. Androm'eda Nit'idA, Sour'wood, Sor'rel tree,
indigenous; has properties similar to those of A. arborea.
Androphon'ici (Mor'bi), {andro, and ^»«j, murder,') Homicidal lesions.
Androphonoma'nia, {andro, <povoq, 'murder,' and mania,) Homicidal insanity.
Andropo'gon Bicorn'is, {andro, and ntayiov, * t beard,') Junctus odoratus — a. Calamus aromati' cus, see Oleum graminis indici — a. Citratus^ Junctus odoratus — a. Citriodorus, Junctus odora- tus, Nardus indica.
Andropo'gon Murica'tus, A. squarro'sus, Phal'aria zizanoVdes, Agroa'tia verticilla' ta, Ana- the'rnm murica'tum, Vetive'ria odora'ta, Vittie vriyr, Cuacua, Khtis-Khus, (F.) Vetiver, Vetivert, Vettivert. Nat. Ord. Gramineae. The root of this plant, from Bombay, is aromatic and bitter- ish. It is used as a perfume, and to drive away insects. It is also an excitant and diaphoretic.
Andropo'gon Nard'us, Calamus Alexandrinus, Nardus indica — a. Schoenanthus, Junctus odora- tus— a. Squarrosus, A. muricatus.
Andro'sace, {andro, and aam^, ' a buckler,' from the appearance of the leaf,) Umbilicus marinus
— a. Matthioli, Umbilicus marinus. Androsse'mnm, Androase' mum ojfflcina'le, Hy-
peri'cum androase' mum, {andro, and htjia, 'blood.') A European undershrub, whose leaves were, at one time, much esteemed as a vulnerary.
Androt'omy, Andranatomia.
An'drum. An East India word, Latinized by Kaempfer, signifying a kind of elephantiasis of the scrotum, endemic in southern Asia.
An^anti,<iMenient (F.), (from aniantir, — a, and iiSant, 'nothing,' — (L.) annihilare, 'to aniiihi- late,*) Vir'iuni extinc'tio, Anni'hilation. This word is often employed hyperbolically, by patients in France, to signify excessive fatigue, debility, or syncope.
52
ANEBIUM
ANEURISM
Ane'bium, Anchusa tinctoria.
Ane'bus, {aptj^og, from an, and ti^n, 'puberty/) Impuber.
Anecype'tUS, (av£wru»;i"os. from av, and rveia, '1 promote suppuration.') That which does not suppurate, or is not likely to suppurate.
Ajieger'tica, {avcyeipui, — ava, and eyupw, — * I awaken.') The art of resuscitating the appar- ently deawi.
Aneile'ma, gen. Aneile'matia, Aneile'ais, {avti- 'Krifin, from av£jA«w, — ava, and ctAcb), — 'I roll up.') Applied particularly to the motion of air in the intestines and the tormina accompanying it.
Ane