"^^.my^^
M"^
DICTIONARY
OF
NEW MEDICAL TERMS
GOULD
BY THE SAME AUTHOR:
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A .DICTIONARY
OF
NEW MEDICAL TERMS
INCLUDING UPWARDS OF 38,000 WORDS AND MANY USEFUL TABLES, BEING A SUPPLE- MENT TO "AN ILLUSTRATED DICTIONARY OF MEDICINE BIOLOGY, AND ALLIED SCIENCES"
GEORGE M. GOULD, A.M., M.D.
AUTHOR OF "THE STUDENT'S MEDICAL DICTIONARY," " 30,000 MEDICAL WORDS PRO- NOUNCED AND DEFINED," "THE MEANING AND THE METHOD OF LIFE," "BORDERLAND STUDIES": EDITOR OF "AMERICAN MEDICINE," ETC.
BASED UPON RECENT SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE
PHILADELPHIA P. BLAKISTONS SON & CO,
10I2 WALNUT STREET 1905
A
Copyright, 1904, by P. Blakiston's Son & Co.
WM. F. Fei_l_ COMPANY
ei-ECTROTYPeRS. PRINTERS
PHIl-ADEUPHIA, PA.
PREFACE
Nothing so well illustrates the astonishing vitality and progress of present-day medical science as its unparalleled multiplication of new words. It is only ten years since I made what seemed then a thorough gathering of such new coinages and incorporated them in the " Illustrated Dictionary of Medicine, Biology, and Allied Sciences." It seemed at that time as if, for the most part, the possible phasings and discoveries of pathologic and physiologic conditions must have been made and designated with names. Since then I have kept an eye — and through friends and helpers, many eyes — upon the busy minting still proceeding unabated. That in a decade over 30,000 new terms should have been devised is almost incredible. It is doubtful if any other science or object of study has ever shown such a phenomenon.
Nomina si nescis pcrif cognitio reriim, said Coke with the acumen of the legal mind, and it is generally true that the knowledge of things depends upon the knowledge of their names. Discoveries of new facts, or new standpoints for viewing old facts, demand new tags or "nicking " symbols whereby their status may be fixed and their recognition insured and made more clear for distant or future students. Few philosophic and scientific minds may exhibit an aloofness and a freedom from the tyranny of words to enable them to study things without the aid of words and namings. But nothing, it is admitted, is more blundering in a personal sense, and more harmful to the progress of science, than the exhaustion of interest so soon as a classification and nomenclature have been made. The ridiculous is only needed to end in the absurd, and this is generally supplied by their wrong pigeon-holing and false ticketing. A diag- nosis once made, a mere word, long, mysterious, and meaningless, pinned upon the bunched symptoms, and further study of etiology, prophylaxis, or therapeutics is with too many at an end. Over 200 years ago Dr. South tried to check this "fatal imposture and force of words" by showing how "the generality of mankind is governed by words and names," not by things as they are, but as they are called — in a word, by " verbal magic."
And yet in a groping science like medicine, one that inductively, slowly, and tenatively is feeling its way towards the truth, this need of naming every step forward is peculiar!} necessary. It is the condition of securing the step in itself, and of guiding the aftercomers. It is the blazing of trails into the wilderness of the unknown. Closure may consequently be called upon the critic who may say that half the new words, or more, are the marks of trails which lead nowhither, and that have been abandoned before they can be sketched. Of course no one can tell what lines of research may finally prove the best and true, and none, therefore, what blazes will be useful or useless. New trails, shorter, easier, and better, may indeed be discovered, and when the wilderness country is settled, all trails will either be abandoned or become well-known roads. But even then good sign-posts and pointing index-fingers will be helpful for strangers, and some of the old names will never be discarded. None can foretell what words may die and what ones become a part of the language. Hence neither by guess nor by judgment may the lexicographer too recklessly exclude. He is moreover a contemporary historian, and must
vi PREFACE
gather even the spurious, debased, or rounterfeit coins. Not even may the " ghost -words," nor the unnamed and unnamable terata of scholarship or ignorance be thrown out, for they serve at least as warnings and danger signals to the unwary. Posterity will choose, whether wisely or unwisely, at least wilfully, and will restamp with its approval what it pleases. For the rest, as of old, the " bad words" need not be looked for, nor put to ser\-ice. Thus, in a way, the dictionary of modern medicine is a sort of crude topographic map, drawn to large scale from the hurried and often inaccurate messages of the scouts and spies of science, for the in- struction of the army which follows.
The history of le.xicography finds its first data about 700 or 800 A. D., in glosses, or the more common explanatory words annexed or superpo.sed over " hard " terms, and made either in Latin or in the glossator's own vernacular. A list of such glosses was called 3. glossarium, or as we say, a glossary. It soon became the custom for children and students to learn by heart the classified lists of the names of things, such as those of the parts of the body, of animals, trades, tools, virtues and vices, diseases, etc. Such a list constituted a vocabularitim, or vocabulary. These glosses and vocabularies were in time thrown together in bundles, at first without any order, and as lists, without losing their individuality. Then came the "first letter order," in which all words and terms beginning with the letter a, were bundled together, still without discrimination, so that the entire list of words beginning with a, or b, had to be scanned in order to find a special word. The classification proceeded to an arrangement of the items also according to the second letter, then the third, etc., until after hundreds of years complete alphabetization came into use. At first the aim had been to explain difficult Latin words by easier Latin ones ; then by English ones, and in the tenth and eleventh centuries the English equivalents were the rule, and the glossaries were Latin-English. The first book of this kind to be called a dictionarium, that is a repertory of dictiones or .sayings, was that of Sir Thomas Elyot in 1538, and from that time the word dictionary has supplanted all others ; so much so that it is now the title of any alphabetic gathering not only of words but of any kind of knowledge whatsoever.
Our modern language of medicine is unique in that it is made up of the unchanged and undigested materials and relics used or contributed during its entire history. The persisting substratum is Latin, upon which has been placed a mass of pseudogreek words, not physiologicly created nor grown by natural philologic methods, but springing Minervalike from the brains of thousands of modern Jupiters. These largely bear the marks of their parentage in characteristics that do not, or should not, beget a spontaneous pride of lineage. From a highly variegated medievalism that has, indeed, never ended, we have taken over another unassimilable conglomerate, and superadded are thousands of dissimilar terms derived from modern chemistry, biology, bacteriology, and many other sciences. Each single group of contemporaneous nationalities contributes to the others its share of names, and is itself hard at work endeavoring to fuse the whole heritage into homogeneity and unity with the amalgam of the spirit of the general language dominant among its people. The result is a strange hodge-podge of the medical language of two or more thousand years and of many special national tongues, in mechanic, not chemic mixture, with modem sounds and symbols, the whole amazingly heterogeneous and cacophonous. The thirtieth century medical student will probably be compelled to memorize iter a tertio ad quartum ventriculum, etc., and to write his orders for drugs in a sad mixture of sorry Latin so far as his knowledge will carry, and then to end it in despair in the vulgar manner of speech of his contemporaries. In general biology the law holds that the ontogeny epitomizes and repeats the phylogeny ; but only at the different successive stages of its individual development. In medical language the phylum is always present, and there are no successive stages ; there has been no rebirth or inheritance; the ontogeny goes on preserving
PREFACE vii
all the old origins and accretions, and simply adding the new to them. For this sort of evolution there is no name (unless Weissmann's immortality theory is applicable;, and its study may be commended to the Darwins and Spencers of the future as a noteworthy exception to hitherto formulated laws. The result is before us : a huge and unassimilated philologic mass, many times greater than it should be, the despair of medical students and of the makers of diction- aries. These word-books, of course, reproduce the phylogenetic history in the same way, and there is no escape from the republication of all the methods and most all the words gathered and found useful in the course of ages. Here with some modifications of detail must be repeated the glosses and vocabularies of a thousand years ago, the foiled attempts together with the partial successes at alphabetic arrangement, and lastly the addition of the modern en- cyclopedia.
The functions of the dictionary-maker have thus become multiplied and varied. As the gloss-lists and vocable-lists grew into dictionariums, and as alphabetization became thorough- going, as one after another subject was added to the word-gatherer"s work, so our technical dic- tionary has at last become in part encyclopedic and expository, its plan and outworking still somewhat subject to the personality, scholarship, and judgment of the author. It will always remain an open question how far the author should or may go in giving individual color to his dictionary. Johnson's famous definitions of excise, lexicographer, oats, pension, pensioner, tory, whig, etc.; Webster's "Americanism" in spelling; the Century's seconding in various ways the obvious trending of philologic progress, — these, and many such illustrate the lexicog- rapher's belief in his own, at least, "limited" free-will.
" Johnson's great work," says Dr. Murray, "raised English lexicography altogether to a higher level. In his hands it became a department of literature." The technical dictionary of to-day may indeed claim a higher office than that, because no monograph or text-book comes near the far-reaching and lasting influence of modern encyclopedic dictionaries. They help more than teacher or text-book to bring order into the student's forming mind, and to system- atize and make definite his knowledge. In postgraduate life and practice there is no book that is so frequently consulted, and the teachings of which are so clearly kept in memory. This is because of the validity of the maxim of Coke.
Solely upon condition, however, that the author has put heart, intellect, and labor into his work ! If he has been content to repeat, copy, and adopt, it will not be so. And even then only if other repeaters, copiers, and adopters "do not break through and steal." .As has often happened since, dictionary-theft is an ancient story. .\s long as 250 years ^go Phillips plagiarized the g/ossographia of Blount. The robbed author indignantly exposed the shameless- ness of the cribber, even of misprints and errors. But he was not ashamed ! More suo the thief, having no defense, made none, and instead proceeded to correct all the errors pointed out by Blount, and, in many subsequent editions, the quack-lexicographer reaped the reward given by a too careless public.
The ancient injustice would be much manifolded in modern times, with an intensely pro- gressing science which demands that, if to be of the best service, new editions of its word- books shall be made every few years. The system must become systematic and the professing truly professional. No spasmodic, incidental, or amateur methods will nowadays avail. Revisions are required, and continuous labor, not only of one but of many, so that helpers, a large corps of them, must be organized, and paid. Over 300 years ago a great worker in this field, one who " contrived and wrought not onelie for our owne private use, but for the common profet of others," even with the patronage of great men "who encouraged in this wearie worke ' ' was grieved that ' ' the charges were so great and the losse of time * ' so much that he came near having " never bene able alone to have wrestled against so manie troubles."
viii PREFACE
Finding thai " his spiritual substance had vanished," old Simon Browne " took to an em|ilo\ • ment which did not reijuire a soul, and so became a dictionary-malcer," piously adding that we should "thank God for everything and therefore for dictionary makers."
This supplement has grown so rapidly and so voluminously that it is at least four times as great as intended, yon men culpa ! It may serve as an addendum to most other works as well as to my own, and also as a new book of the terminology of medical science which has been devised during the last ten years. I have made use of the opjiortunity and have included some things omitted in the work of 1894, and have added a number of obsolete or obsolescent words which the student might find in his historic reading. Those who may detect any sins of omission or of commission are reiiuested to notify me in order that future editions may be made more accurate.
To many friends and assistants I cannot adequately express my gratitude for unfailing kind- ness and help in the preparation of this su[)]jlementary volume. To O. Rodham, (i. C. C. Howard, C. S. Dolley, 1). Riesman, Burt (1. Wilder, S. H. (iage, M. P^. Raigueil, and others, especial thanks are due, as also to C. F. Taylor, of London, England. Both scholarship and time have lieen so continuously and unselfishlv given liy many that projjer recognition mav hardly be expressed in words. I should also mention the obligation of those who may find the book of service in their professional work for the good offices, going far beyond any calculating commercialism, rendered by the best of publishers and of ]jrinters.
A word may be added of some interest to those who have editions, subsequent to the first, of the Illustrated Dictionary. The changes, insertions, corrections, etc., made in these various editions have, for the most [lart, been incorjjorated in this supplement.
I have a feeling of gladness in learning from my publishers that as many as 166,000 copies of my medical dictionaries have been scattered among the profession in many parts of the world. That evidences something of usefulness in the great cause of medical science and l)rogress.
GEORGE M. GOULD.
Philadelphia, /go^.
ABBREVIATIONS.
ABBREVIATIONS USED IN GENERAL MEDICINE.
aa ana
A. c Ante cibum . . . .
Abdom. . , . Abdomen . . . Abs.feb. . . . Absente febre . . .
Abstr Abstractum . . . .
Ad Adde
Ad lib Ad libitum . . . .
Admov. . . . Admoveatur . . . Ad pond.om. Ad pondus omnium
Adv Adversuin . . . .
Aggred. feb. . Aggrediente febre . Al. ...... Aluminum . . . .
Alt. dieb. . . . Alternis diebus . .
Alt. hor. . . Alternis horis . . . Alv. adstrict. Alvo adstricta . . Alv. deject. . Alvi dejectiones . .
Anat
Aq Aqua
Aq. astr. . . . Aqua astricta . . . Aq, bull. . . . Aqua bulliens . . Aq. com. . . . Aqua communis . Aq. dest. . . . Aqua destillata . . Aq. ferv. . . . Aqua fervens . . . Aq. font. . . . Aqua fontana . . . Aq. mar, . . , Aqua marina . . . Aq. pur. . . . Aijua pura . . . .
Av
B."
Ba
B. A, orB S. Balneum arenae . .
Bals Balsamum . . . .
Be
Bi
Bib
Biol
. Bibe
B. i. d. . . . B, M. ...
Bol
B. n
. His in die
. Balneum maris . . . Bolus
Bi-.^ :::;;;:;;;:
Bull Bulliat
B. V Balneum vaporis
r f Coiigius, Centi-
X grade
Ca
•Cap Capiat ....
c.c
Cd
Ce.
Cel
Cent
Cg
Cm Cras mane
cm.
C. m.s. ... /Cras mane su- I mendus
C. n. ..... Cras nocte . , . .
Co
Cochl Cochleare . . . .
Cochl. ampl. . " amplum
" infant. " infantis
" nnag. . " magmmi
" med. . " medium
*' parv. . " parvum
Col Cola
Colat Colatus
Colet Coletur
Color Coloretur
Comp Compositus . . . .
Cong CnuKius
Cons Conscrva
Contin Continuatur
Cont. rei
Coq Coque
Cort Cortex
f Continuetur ' ■ ■ l remedium
Of each. Before meals. The belly.
When fever is absent. Abstract. Add.
At pleasure, as desired. Let it be applied. To the weight of the whole. Against.
While fever is coming on. Aluminum. Every other day. Every other hour. The bowels being confined. The intestinal evacuations. Anatomy. Water. Ice.
Boiling water Common water. Distilled water. Hot water Spring water. Ocean water. Pure water. Arsenic. Atomic weight. Avoirdupois. Boron, Bowels. Barium. Sand bath. Balsam. Beryllium. Bismuth. Drink. Biology. Twice daily. Sea-water bath. A large pill. Boiling-point. Bromin. Let it boil. Vapor hath.
I Carbon ; Cubic; A gallon ; ( Centigrade. Calcium. Let him take. Cubic centimeter. Cadmium. Cerium. Celsius. Centigrade. Centigram. To-morrow morning. Centimeter
/To be taken to-morrow I morning. To-morrow' night. Cobalt Spoonful. A tahlespoonful. A tea'^poonful. A tahlespoonful. A desserts[H)nnt'ul. A teas(iaonfut- Strain. Strained.
Let it be strained. Let it be colored. Compound. A gallon. Keep.
Let it be continued f Let the medicine be con- \ tinued. Boil. Bark.
Crast Crastinus .
Crys
Cs.
Cu Cuprum ....
Cuj Cujus
C. V Cras vespere . .
Cyath Cyathus ....
D Dosis; Da . . .
Decub. . . . Decubitus . . . De d. in d. . . De die in diem .
Deg
De R
Destil. . . . Destilla
Det Detur
Dieb. alt. . . . Diebus alternis .
" tert. . . " tertiis
Dil Dilue
Dilut Dilutus
Dim Dimidius ....
Dist Distilla
Div Divide
D in p. eeq. . Divide in paries
aequales . . . . Donee alv. f Donee alvus
sol. fuerit, 1 solula fuerit
D. P. . . . . . Directione propria
E
. For to-morrow.
Crystal. . Cesium. . Copper. . Of which.
. To-morrow evening. . A glassful. . A dose ; Give. . Lying down. . From day to day. . Degree; degeneration. . Reaction of degeneration. . Distil.
. Let it be given. . On alternate days. . Every third day. . Let it be dissolved. . Dilute. . One-half. . Distil. . Divide.
Eb
E.-j
Ejusd Ejusdem
Elec Electuarium . . .
Emb
Enem
Er
Exhib Exhibeatur . . . .
Ext Extractum . . . .
F
Far
Fe Ferrum
Feb. dur. . . . Febre durante . .
F. . Ft Fac, Fiat
Fill Filtra
Fid Fluidus
Flor Flores
F. m Fiat mislura . . .
Fol Folia
F. ,p Fiat pntio
F. pil Fiat pilula . . . .
F. s. a Fiat secundum
arlem
Galv
Gl
Cm.
Gr Grantnn
Gtt Guttae
Guttat Guttatim
H
Hg H\drarg\rum . .
HI . . .'
Hm
Hor. decub. . Hora decubitus . .
H. s Horasomni . . . .
I lodum
In
In d In die
Inf. Infunde
Inj Injeclio
Ir
K Kalium
K-j
Kl
Km
L
Li
Liq
M Meridies; Misce .
Mac Macera
Mass. pil . . Massa pilularum .
Divide into equal parts.
(Until the bowels are
j opened .
With a proper direction. Erbium. Erbium. Ei bow-jerk. Of the same. An electuary; Electricity Embryology. Enema. Erbium. Let it be given. Extract.
Fahrenheit ; Fluorin. Faradic. Iron.
The fever continuing. Make. Filter. Fluid. Flowers. Make a mixture. Leaves.
Make a potion. Make a pill.
Prepare skilfully.
Galvanic.
Glucinum.
Gram.
Grain.
Drops.
By drops.
Hydrogen.
Mercury.
Hectoliter.
Hectometer.
At bed-time.
.■\t bed-time.
lodin.
Indium.
Daily.
Pour in.
An injection.
Iridium,
Potassium.
Knee-ierk.
Kiloliter.
Kilometer.
Liter.
Lithium.
Liquor.
Noon : Mix.
Macerate.
Pill-mass.
ABBRKVIATIONS
M. ft Mislurafiai. . . . Let a mixture be made.
Mg Magnesium ; Milligram.
Ml Milliliter.
Mm Millimeter.
Mod. pre- script . . Modo pr^scripto . In the manner directed.
Mol. wt Molecular weight.
Mor. sol. . . . More sollto . . . . In the usual way.
Muc Mucilago Mucilage.
Myg Myriagiam.
Myl Mvrialiter.
Mym Myriameler.
N Nitrogen.
Na Natrium Sodium.
Ni Nickel.
No Numero Number.
Noct NoctL- By night.
O Uctarius .... A pint.
Ol Oleum Oil.
01. oliv. . . . Oleum olivEe . . . Olive-oil.
Ol.-res Oleoresina .... Oleoresin.
O. m Omni mane .... Every morning.
Omn. bib. . . Omni bihora . . . Every two hours Omn. hor. . . Omni bora .... Every liour. Omn. noct. . . Omni nocte .... Every night.
Os Osmium.
Ov Ovum An egg.
Oz Uncia Ounce.
P Phosphorus. Pulse.
Part, xq, . . . Partes aequales . Equal parts.
Pb Plumbum
P. c Post cibum .
P. C Poiidus civile
Pd.
. Quantum placeat sufficii
Lead. . After meals. . Avoirdupois weight.
Palladium.
Phar Pharmacopeia.
Pil Pilula
Pocul Poculum
Pond. .... Pondere
Pot.
, Pill. . A cup By weight.
Potio Potion ; potassa.
Ppt Preparala .
P. rat. aetat . Pro rata aetalis
P. r, n Pro re nata . .
Pt
Pulv Putvis . . .
Q. d Quater in Hit-
Q. I (Ji'^ntum lilift
I'recipitate ; Prepared. , In proportion to age. , When required. . Pint. , Puwder.
I'^our times a day. . According as required.
Q.p. . Q. s. . Qt. . .
Q. V Quantum vis
k
K Recipe . . .
Rad Radix
Rb
R. D
Rect Reclificatus . . . .
Rep Repetatur ....
S Semis
S Signa
S. a Secundum ariem .
Sb Stibium
Scr Scrupulum ....
Sig Signetur
Sig. n. pr. . . Signa nomine
proprio
Sing Singnlorum . . . .
Si non val. . . Si non valeat . . . Si op- sit . . . Si opus sit ....
Solv Solve
Sp.,orSpir. . Spiritus
Sp.gr
Ss Semi, semissis . .
St Stet
Su Suraat
S. V Spiritus vini . . .
S. V. r. . . . . Spiritus vini
rectificatus . . .
S. V. t Spiritus vini tenuis
Syr Svrupus
T '
T. d Ter in die
Tr.. Tinct. . . Tinctura . . . . .
Ung Unguentum . . . .
Ur
Vesic Vesicatorium . . .
Wt
V. s. b Venesertio braclui
)\\ Minimum
5 Drachma ....
9 Scrupulum . . . .
5 Uncia
At will.
A sufficient quautitv.
Quart.
As much as ynu wish.
Reaumur's thermometer.
Respiration. Take. Koot.
Rubidium.
Reaction of degeneration. Rectified. Let it be repeated. Half ; Sulphur. Label.
According to art. Antimony. Scruple. Let it be labeled.
Label with common name. Of each.
If it does not answer. If requisite. Dissolve. Spirit- Specific gravity. One-half. Let it stand. Let him take. Alcoholic spirit.
Rectified spirit of wine.
Dilute alcohol, proof-spirit.
Syrup.
Temperature.
Three times a day.
Tincture.
Oititment.
frine.
A blister.
Weight.
Bleeding from the arm.
Minim.
Dram.
Scruple.
Ounce.
ABBREVIATIONS THAT SHOULD ONLY BE USED UNDER HEADINGS, OR WITH A CONTEXT, RENDERING THE MEANING OBVIOUS.-^;,.,,,/.
A'ames of Diseases.
Bctasis Bronchiectasis.
B^bea Brnnchorrhea.
B^is Bronchitis-
G. K Granular Kidney.
G. P General Paralysis.
Phth.,OT 4>d,OT<tt. Phthisis.
t^^^ Pneumonia.
t^^^ Pneumothorax.
R^*^ F Rheumatic Fever.
Rh®'" Rheumatism.
Set F Scarlet Fever.
Syph., or (rv<it. . . Syphilis.
Names of Regions or Organs.
Clavr Clavicular.
I. C. F Infraclavicular Fossa.
InfrasC" .... Infrascapular.
IntersC Interscajiular.
Mamy Mammarv.
S. C. F Supraclavicular Fossa.
Sp. C Spinal Cord.
S. S. F Supraspinous fossa.
V. C. or V. B. . . Vocal Bands.
Names of Signs and Symptoms.
C / Cough.
Cephgia Cephalalgia.
Hgc Hemorrhage.
Ngia Neurp.igia.
N. S NigV.t-sweats.
Spm Sputum.
T Tongue.
Vg Vomiting
Vt Vomit.
In Physical Examination^ Etc.
H. C Humid Crepitations.
R. S Respiratory Sound.
V. F Vocal Fremitus.
V. S Voice-sounds.
ABBREVIATIONS USED IN OPHTHALMOLOGY.
Acc Accommodation.
Ah Hyperopic Astigmatism.
Am Myopic Astigmatism.
As Astigmatism.
Ax Axis.
B. D Base (of prism) down.
B. I *' " " in.
B. O " " " out.
B. U " " " up.
cm Centimeter.
Cyl Cylinder, Cylindric Lens.
D Diopter.
E Emmetropia, Emmetropic.
F Formula.
H Hyperopia, Hyperopic, Horizontal.
L, E Left Eye.
M Myopia. Myopic.
mm Millimetei".
CD Ocnlus dexter— Right Eye.
O. S Oculus sinister— Left Eye.
P. p Punctum proximum, Near Point.
P. r Punctum remotum, Far Point.
R. E Right Eye.
Sph Spheric, Spheric Lens
Sym Symmetric.
V Vision, Visual Acuity, Vertical.
+ , — , = Plus, Minus. Equal to.
00 Infinity. 2o ft. distance.
■3 Combined with.
^ Degree.
ABBREVIATIONS
ABBREVIATIONS USED IN OTOLOGY.
a Applied to or in contact with Auricle.
A. C Air-conduclion.
A. D Auris dextra — Right Ear.
A, S Auris sinistra — Left Ear.
B. C bone-conduction.
c Contact.
d Dentes — applied to Teeth.
P Tuning-fork.
g;l. Glabella— applied to Forehead.
h Hearing Power.
L Left Ear.
>n Applied to Mastoid.
Meat. Aud. Ext. ;
M. E External Auditory Meatus.
Meat. Aud. Int ;
M. I Internal Auditory Meatus.
Men. dis M^ni^re's disease.
M. flac Menibranaflaccida ; Shrapnell's membrane.
M. T. ; Mt Membrana tympani.
Myring Myringitis.
O Complete Lack of Perception of Sound.
ot. ext. ac Otitis externa acuta.
ot. ext. chron. . . otitis externa chronica.
ot. ext. diff. . . . Uliiis externa diffusa.
ot. med. sup ac. . Otitis media suppurativa acuta.
ot. med. sup.
chron Otitis media suppurativa chronica.
Pol Pohtzer's.
Pol. Ac Pohtzer's Acoumeter.
R Right Ear.
S Susurrus— a Whisper.
t Applied to Temple.
Tymp Tympanum.
Jib Ubique— when applied at all points.
:.' Voice.
V Applied to Vertex.
vib Vibration.
z Applied to Zygoma
' P'oot.
" Inches.
00 Heard, but ?iot Understood.
+ R Rinn^'s Test Positive.
— R Rinn^'s Test Negative.
ABBREVIATIONS USED IN ELECTROTHERAPEUTICS.
A., or An Anode.
Amp. Amp&re-
A. C Anodal Closing.
A. C. C Anodal Closure Contraction.
A. C. O Anodal Closing Odor.
A. C. P Anodal Closing Picture.
A. C. S Anodal Closing Sound.
A. D Anodal Duratioti.
A. D. C Anodal Duration Contraction.
A. M Ampere-meter.
A. O AiHidal Opening.
A. O. C Anodal Opening Contraction.
A. O. O Anodal Opening Odor.
A. O. P Anodal Opeiiing Picture.
A. O. S Anodal Opening Sound.
B Magnetic Induction.
B. A. U British Association Unit.
C Centigrade; Current; Cathode.
C. C Cathodal Closure.
C. C. C Cathodal Closure Contraction.
C. C C." Various Degrees of Contraction.
C. C. T Cathodal Closing Tetanus.
C. G. S. Units. . . Centimeter- gram-second Units.
CO Cathodal Opening.
C. O. C Cathodal Opening Contraction.
C. S Current-strength.
D Duration ; Density.
De. R Reaction of Degeneration.
E Earth ; Electromotive Force.
E. M. D. P. ... Electromotive Difi'erence of Potential.
E. M. F Electromotive Force.
F. M Field Magnet.
H Horizontal Intensity of the Earth's Mag- netism ; One Unit of Self-induction.
H Intensity of Magnetic Force.
I Intensity of Magnetism.
J Joule.
K Electrostatic Capacity.
K Kathode.
Kl Klang (sound).
K. C Katliudal Closing.
K. C. C Cathodal Closing Contraction.
K. C. T ICathodal Closing Tetanus.
K. D. ..... . Kathodal Duration (or Period of Closure oi
Circuit).
K. D. C Kathodal Duration Contraction.
K. D. T Kathodal Duration Tetanus.
K. W Kilo-watt.
L Inductance (Coefficient of) ; Length.
M Strength of Pole.
Ma Milliamp&re.
Mfd Microfarad.
N North Pole.
O Opening of Circuit.
P. D Potential Difference.
Q Electric Quantity.
R Ohmic Resistance.
S South Pole.
T Time.
Te Tetanic Contraction.
U Unit.
V X'olume; Velocitv.
V Volt,
V. A N'oltaic Alternative.
V. M Volt-meter.
W Work; Weight; Watt.
Z Contraction (Zuckurig).
Z. Z.' Z." Increasing Strengths of Contraction.
K Magnetic Susceptibility.
fx. Magnetic Permeabilitv.
oi Ohm.
P Specific Resistance.
ii Megohm (one-millionth part of an ohm).
H> Battery.
-f- Anode or Positive Pole.
— Kathode or Negative Pole.
>. Greater than, as K > A.
< Less than.
PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES USED IN CHEMISTRY.
Am- indicates the group NH2.
AzQ-. diazo-. and hydrazo- indicate compounds in which nitro- gen atoms are linked in various ways.
Di- is applied as a prefix to signify two.
Im- indicates the group NH.
Ket- indicates the molecule CO in certain structural re- lations.
Mon- is employed as a prefix to signify one.
Nitro- indicates the group NOo.
Pent- is applied as a prefix to signify A?-^.
per- denotes in a rather vague sense an indefinitely large amount of the body to which it is prefixed, or to which it is referred.
Sesqui- indicates the proportion o^ two to three.
Sub- is emplo>-ed in a rather vague sense to indicate defi- ciency of the body to which it is prefixed.
Tetr- is applied as a prefix to siyuify yb«r.
Thio- indicates sulphur, especiallv replacing oxygen.
Tri- fsometimes " t'^r-") is applied as a prefix to signify three.
-al indicates aldehydic structure.
-an is applied to a class of bodies related to the starch and sugar group.
-ane indicates a saturated hydrocarbon.
-ase indicates an enzyme, or non-organized ferment, (T.^., dias-
tase. Tliis termination is at present restricted gener- ally to enzymes of vegetable origin, but it should also be used with animal enzymes — which, Iiowever, usually end in "in." It would thus be better to s^y pepsase and trypsase, rather than pepsin anil trypsin.
-ate. A suffix to nouns in chemistry signifying an>' salt formed by an arid acting on a base ; e. .^., sulphate, phosphate.
-ic denotes the higher of two valencies assumed by an element, and incidentally in maiu' cases a larger amount of oxv-
-in is oi no precise significance, and is mostly applied to bodies the structure of which is not yet known.
-yl, -ene, -enyl, and -ine indicate hydrocarbons. According to the American system of orthography, the only case in whicli " m^' " is used is as a termination for a series of .hydrocarbons, beginning with Ethine, CoHo. English writers and some .*\merican chemists use it to signify basic properties, regarding -/« as the proper term for non-basic bodies. They thus distinguish between salicin. which forms no salts with acids, and morphin (which under such system is spelled "* morphine"), which does. It must be noted that such methods are not in accordance with the tendency of modern chemic nomenclature, which seeks to express structure, not properties. The organic bases
xu
ABBREVIATIONS
or alkaloids are not all of the same type, and whcTi their structure is elucidated systematic names will be found for ihtrin. Until then there is no particular gam in indicating them as a group.
-id is similar to " in."
-ol indicates alcoholic structure, i. e.. presence of the group HO (hydroxyl), *•. ^ , alcohol, glycerol, plienol.
• one is applied lo bodies related lo the suuclies and sugars. it is, however, not used witli this siguihcance in "pep-
tone," which word is not formed according to any estab- lished system.
-ose nidicates a carbohydrate, e. jf., glucose, although it is also occasionally applied to the results of digestion o( proleids, e.g., albumose.
-ous denotes the lower of two degrees of valency assumed by an element and incidentally indicates, in many cases, a small amount of oxygen.
The word snlphonic indicates the group HSO3
ABBREVIATIONS USED IN HYGIENE AND SANITARY LAW.
Advt Ad\'ertiseineiit. M. M.
A. O Abatement Order. M. O. .
a. p Ashpit. M. O. H.
B. H Board of Health. N. O. .
B. L By-Law or By-Laws. O. . . .
C. A Conlirming Authority. O. C. . .
C, C County Council. O. R. . .
C. G S Court of General Sessions. p. . . .
CO Closing Order. P. A.
C. P Contributorv Place. P. C.
C. P Cattle-plague. P. L E.
c. p. . . .... Cesspits. P. O. . .
C. Q. S Court of Quarter Sessions. Prov. O.
C. S Commissioners of Sewers. P. P. . ,
C. S. J Court of Summary Jurisdiction. P. S. A.
D. L D Dangerous Infectious Disease. P, S. C. .
D. O Demolition Order. Q. S. . .
D. P Daily Penalty; < not exceeding; > not R. A. . .
less than. R. D.
d. p Dungpit. Rg. -
e. c Earth-closet. R. P. C.
F. M. D Foot and Mouth Disease. R. S. A.
G. O General Order. R. S. D.
I Inspector. S. A. . .
I. A Infected Area.
I. D Infectious Disease.
I. P Infected Place.
I. S Improvement Scheme.
j. P Justice of the Peace.
L. A Local Authority.
L. B Local Board.
Lf. C. C London County Council.
L. E Local Enquiry.
L. G. B Local Government Board V. L .
L. S. A Local Sanitary Authority. w. c.
M. A. B Metropolitan Asylums' Boards. W. Co.
M. A. M Metropolitan Asylums' Managers. W. W.
S. L . .
s. o. .
s. s. . .
U. A. . U. D. U. H. H. U. S. A. U. S. D.
. Medical Man.
. Medical Officer.
. Medical Ofiker of Health.
. Nuisance Order.
. Owner ; Occupier.
. Order in Council.
. Official Representation.
. Privy.
. Public Analyst.
. Privy Council.
. Private Improvement Expenses.
. Prevention Order.
. Provisional Order.
. Pleuro-Pneumonia.
. Port Sanitary Authority.
. Pett\" Sessional Court-
. Quarter Sessions.
. Rural Authority.
. Rural District.
. Regulations.
. Rivers-pollution Commission.
. Rural Sanitary Authority.
. Rural Sanitary District.
. Sanitarj- Authority
. Sanitary Convenience.
. Sanitary Inspector.
. Special Order.
. Secretary of State.
. Urban Authority; I'nhealthy Area.
. LTrban District.
. L'nfit for Human Habitation.
. Urban Sanitary Authority.
. I'rban Sanitary District.
. Veterinary Inspector.
. Water-closet.
. Water Company.
. Water Works.
ABBREVIATIONS USED FOR ACTS OF PARLIAMENT.
A. A
C. B. A.
C. D. (A.I A.
C. L. H. A.
D. C. M.O. .
F. W. A. . H. W. C. A.
I. D. (N.l A. I. D. (P.) A. L. C. rc.) A. L. G. A. . .
. Alkali Acts, 1S63, 1874 (Consolidated), 18R1. . Canal Boats Acts. 1877-S4. . Contagious Diseases (Animal) Act, 1R78. . Common Lodging Houses Act, iRst.etc. . Dairy, Cowshed, and Milk Shop Order,
1S85-6. , Factories and Workshop Act, 1878. . Housing of Working Classes Act, 1890. . Infectious Diseases • Notification) Act, 1889. " " (Prevention) Act. 1890.
, Land Clauses (Consolidation) Acts, 1S45. . Local Government Act, 1888.
M. L. M. A. .
M. W. C. A. .
P. H. A. ...
P. H. (A.) A. .
P. H.{LiA. .
P. H. (L.I A. .
P. H. (S.I A. .
P. H. (W.) A.
P. W. L. A. .
R. P. A. ...
S. F. D. A. . .
S.J. A
Metropolis Local Management Act, 1855.
" Water Companies Act, 1871.
Public Health (England) Act, 1875. " " (.Amendt.) " 1S90.
(Ireland) *' 1878. " " (London) *' 1891.
(Scotland) " 1867. (Water) " 1878. Public Works Loans Act, 1879. Rivers Pollution Act, 1876 Sale of Food and Drugs Act, 1875. Summary Jurisdiction Act.
SIGNS ABBREVIATIONS, ETC., USED IN DESCRIPTIVE ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY.
o Feet.
' Inches.
" Lines : each one-twelfth of an inch, or about
two millimeters.
\ A mark of affirmation or authentication.
? A mark of doubt.
- Figures or words separated by a short dash
indicate the extremes of variation, as 5-10" long, few-many flowered : i. e.. varying from 5 to 10 lines in length, and with few to many flowers.
c.c Cubic centimeter.
cm. Centimeter.
mm Millimeter.
/x. The Micron. Micromillimeter. or unit of
Microscopic Measurement. For conven- ience of reference, the following table of comparative measurements is given : —
^ InchfS. \l Inches. Inches. p.
1 000039 6 000236
2 000079 7 000276
3 0001 18 8 000315
4 000157 9 000354
5 000197 '° 000394
Tninnj . . . • 2.5399
TnVn 25-.^997
yAn ■ 253.9972
One Meter . 39.370432 in.
X Used to express magnification, thus X 1000
indicates a magnification of loco diame- ters. The improper fraction ^^^^ indi- cates the same thing, but is rarely used.
(D An annual Herb.
(D A biennial Herb.
% A perennial Herb.
& An Undershrub, deciduous.
Id An L'^ndershrub, evergreen.
O A Shrub, deciduous.
O A Shrub, evergreen.
*► A Tree, deciduous.
D A Tree, evergreen.
V^ An herbaceous Vine, annual or bienniaL
yp A woody Vine, deciduous.
"^ A woody Vine, evergreen.
Uky A trailing Herb, annual or biennial.
Uj A trailing Herb, perennial.
CJJ An aquatic plant.
5 Flowers perfect.
ABBREVIATIONS
xiu
(f A male animal, or a plant or flower bear- ing only stamens or anlheridia.
9 A lemaie animal or a plant or flower
bearing only pistils or archegonia.
C A young animal of undetermined sex, thus
cfo, young male, or $ygfor youngfemale, but O/"^ {juvenis, young).
0 A nionocarpic plant.
0=" Cotyledons accumbent.
Ol Cotyledons incumbent.
A pla?u introduced and naturalized.
A plant cultivated for ornament.
A plant cultivated for use.
8 .Monecious.
cf 9 Diecious
<f 5 9 Polygamus.
o Wanting or none.
CO Numerous or indefinite : more than twenty
when applied to stamens.
<r The. microsecond represents .ooi second or
the unit of time in experiments or psycho- physic reactions
Authors* names are abbreviated in the following Manner:^
Ait., Alton. Bech., Bechstein. Cham., Chamisso. Dum., Uum^ril, etc.
Nupt, signifies in ornithology, breeding plumage.
horaot, means a bird of the year.
-acese, a suffix used in botany to designate a family, the name chosen being one of the principal genera. Ex., Rosa, Ros- acece. Ranunculus, Ranunculacece. Cf., icecr, ide^E, inet^, ece.
-ana, preferably used as a suffix to the name of a species around which others naturally cluster, in the naming of subsections or groups of species; **..?".. the group of species of Helix related to H. pomaiia may be indicated by the term Potnatiana.
•ensis, a termination given to the names of species only when derived from the name of their habitat; e.g., Teenia madagascariensis, Daphne chinensis, Draceena brasili- ensis.
Eu-, employed as a prefix in forming the names of genera, sub- genera, or sections of genera before a Greek derivative.
Excl. gen., exclusit genus.
Excl. sps., exclusit species.
Exc). var., exclusit varietas, when following an onym, indi- cates that the group has undergone revision, and the name does not cover the original ground to the extent indicated.
-ia, -ius, -ica, -icus, -ina, -inus, -ita, -itus, terminations used in making specific names which are derived from the name of a river or other body of water, a province, a country, or a kingdom ; e. g., arabicus.
•iceae. -idese, -ineae, suffixes used in botany to designate a family when the name taken ends in Latin -i.v or -is (genitive ids. idis, iscis): e.g., Salicine^ from Salix, Berberidecs from Berberis, Tamariscineee from Tamarix.
-eae, as a rule, these suffixes, together with eeB, are employed to designate botanic sub-families, tribes, and sub-tribes; e. g., RosecT from Rosa.
-idae. -inee. the suffixes added to the name of the earliest known or most characteristic genus, to designate zoologic
families or sub-families; e. g., Sirix, Strigis, StrigidiT, Bucerotis, Bucerutidce.
-ites, -itis, frequently employed to designate fossil organisms analogous to the living form whose generic name is the radical to which ites is appended. They are rarely used with specific names
Mutatis char., mutatis tharacteris, when following a specific name signifies a change in the diagnostic characters of a species.
-astrum, -oidea or -oides, -oidalis, -otdeum. -opsis, termina- tions employed in forming generic, sub-generic, or specific names after a Greek derivative. Bourguinat suggests that astrum be reserved to be appended to the name of a genus to indicate its typical sub-division. Opsis and oides s\\o\x\d be reserved for sub-divisions of a genus which resemble another genus, by adding them to the name of that other genus when it is of Greek origin.
-oides is preferably reserved for specific names of Greek or barbarous (never Latin) origin
(a) When the radical of the specific name is the name of a genus which it resembles, *•. g., Salix myrtilloides, Bupleurum ranunculoides, Malva abutiloides, Thuja cupressoides.
(b) When the radical is the name of another species which the new one resembles. Helix carascaloides, a species like H. carascalensis.
(c) When the radical of the specific name is a Greek word signifying an animal, organ, part, object, as Potentilla arachnotdea, Prenanthes deltoidea. Jungemiannia zooP' sis^ icthyoides, rhomboidale, pterigoideus, paraboloides^ dendrotdeus.
Only one apparent exception to the compounding of Greek and Latin has been consecrated by usage; viz. : ovoides from ovum and €c6o? ; this has arisen from the absence of euphony in the correct form, ooides (titoi-, and ei5o?i.
pro-parte, for a part, when following a specific name indi- cates that since its first application the group has been revised.
Pseudo-, a prefix employed in forming specific names before a Greek derivative.
-pteris, a termination frequently employed in the generic names of ferns, for the purpose of recalling the affinities of the genus.
sp. ii) In zoologT,', abbreviation of species, written when the specific name is not known or is wanting, or if placed after the name of the authority, as Crania cranio/aris. Linn^ sp., indicates that Linn^ is only to be credited with the specific name. (2) In botany, species or specimen.
Sub-, a prefix employed in forming specific names before a Latin derivative- It may also be used in designating a new species before the name of another with which the first was in intimate relation. It is also used in the sense of nearly, less, someivhat. slightly. It has, moreover, a few legitimate Latin compounds which may be used for specific names ; e.g., subterran^'us. sttbalpinus-a-um, sub- cutn^ens, subcutaneus, subdimidiatus^ subject us, sub- niersus. subrolundus, substrains.
Sub-sp., subspecies.
gen., genus.
var., variety, placed before the name of a plant or animal, indicates that it is a hybrid of doubtful origin.
SUNDRY
Adj Adjective.
Adv Adverb.
Am American.
Arab Arabic.
A. S Anglo-Saxon.
Bot Botany. Botanic.
B. Ph British Pharmacopeia.
Celt Celtic.
Cf. Confer, see.
Chem Chemistry, Chemic.
Colloq Colloquial.
Comp Compounded, Compound.
Dim Diminutive.
e. g {Exempli gratia), For example.
Elec Electricity.
Eng. ....... English.
Etym EtymoIog>-, Etymologic.
/. Feminine.
Fr French.
Geog Geography, Geographic.
Geol Geolog>-. Geologic.
Geom Geometry, Geometric.
Ger German.
G. Ph German Pharmacopeia.
Gr Greek.
Heb Hebrew.
Hind Hindustani.
Ichth Ichthyology.
i. c (id est), that is.
It Italian.
ABBREVIATIONS.
L., or Lat Latin.
Masc. _ Masculine.
Math Mathematics.
Med Medicine, Medical.
M. E Middle English.
N. F National Formular>'.
Nat. Hist Natural Histor>'.
Neg Negative.
Obs Obsolete.
O. F Old French.
Ophth Ophthalmolog>-, Ophthalmologic.
Path Patholog>-, Pathologic.
Phil Philosophy, Philosophic.
Phys Phvsiology, Phvsiologic.
pi Pliiral.
priv Privative.
Pron Pronounced, Pronunciation.
o. 7- (Quod vide) which see.
Sax Saxon.
Sing Singular.
Sp Spanish.
Surg Surgerv, Surgical.
Unof. I'nofficial.
U. S. Ph I'nited States Pharmacopeia.
V Verb.
V. i Intransitive verb.
vide See.
V. t Transitive verb.
Zool Zoologj', Zoologic.
ABBRFAIATIONS
PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES USED IN MEDICAL TERMS.
PREFIXES.
A-, an-, called alpha privative (Gr. a, av, or afx), the equiva- lent oJ'our prefix, un-, or /«■, denotes an absence or want ol the thing or quality expressed by the principal; t'. .y., adynamia, anaerobic, aphasia, apraxia, apyrcxia, asli,^maitsm, aiony, etc. a is used before consonants, an belore vowels, and, rarely, aw before W or dr. (To be distinguished from ana.)
Ad- (ad>, to, at, t<iward, as, adduction, adhesion. The d is often changed in the coin|iound to correspond ;o the next Iftlcr, as accretion, appendix.
Al-(Arab.) article the; e.g., alchemy, the secret art; alcohol, the \er>' subtle.
Amphi- (or amph-) (a/i'tO.upo" both sides, in two ways, as in amphiarthrosis, amphibia, etc.
Ana- [aya). Up, tiirough, again; e. £■., anabolis/n, anasarca, anatomy, etc.
Anti- (or ant-) {octi}. Against, opposed to. opposite of; as antaphrodisiac , antibrachium, antipyretic, antiseptic, etc.
Ape- (airof. Uff, away, upon ; /'. g., aponeurosis, apoplexy, etc.
Auto- (aOrb?). Self; zs autopepsia, autopsy.
Bary- Oapii?}. Heavy, difficult ; as barymezia, baryphonia, etc.
Bi-, bin- (bis). Twice, twofold ; e. g., bicuspid, bivalent , binoc- ular, binaural.
Bio- Oio?). Life, e.g., bioplasm, biolugv, biolysis.
Brach- (Spax'**"')- Arm, pertaining to the arm ; as brachialgia, brachioncHS.
Broncho- (^pbyxo^l- Pertaining to the trachea; as bronchor- ilnigia, btonchotomy.
Cardi-, cardie- (xapfita). Pertaining to the heart, as cardio- gt am, ca> dialgia.
Celio-. ccelio- (xotAiaj. Pertaining to the belly, as celiotomy, cteltac.
Chiro- (,\«(p). The hand. Chiragra, chiropodist.
Co-, con-. Together, along with ; e.g., coitus, congenital.
Dacryo- (Saxpi^oc^. A tear, pertaining to a tear ; as dacryoid, dacryo'cystitis.
Dactyl- \66.Krv\o<;). A linger; pertaining to the fingers; as dactylitis, dactylion. dactylate.
Dermo-, dermato- (Sipua). The skin ; pertaining to the skin ; /• g., dermotomv, dertnatolysis.
Di- (5tc). Twice, double ; as dimorphism, digastric.
Dia- {&id). Thrf)ugh. Examples: diabetes, diagnosis, dia- phragm, diarihea, etc.
Dyn- [tvvay.i.<;) . Force, power ; dvnamogeny, dynamograph-
Dys- (5u?). Difficult, defective, painful; e.g., dysentery, dysp- nea, dysitria.
Eg-, ex-, ecto- (ew, ef, eVros). Out, outside, away from ; as in ecchymoses, ecdemic, eclampsia, exostosis, exanthema, ectropion, ectoderm.
En-, em- (ei*, e^-) In, within; as in embryo, embolism, en- demic, etc.
Endo-, ento- (efroy). Within, internal ; e. g., endarteritis, endoscope, entoblasi, entoptic.
Entero- (et-Tepoi*). The intestine ; as in enterocele, enter- ostomy, etc.
Epi- {itJii). I'pon, over, above; e. g.. epiblast, epicraninm, epistaxis, epidemic, etc.
Extra- (Lat.). Outside; e.g., extravasation, extroversion.
Galact- (yoiAct). Milk : asgalactocele, galactosemia, galacturia.
Gastro- (yaa-T»jpl. The stomach; relation to the stomach; ''•g-. gastrocele, gastrocnemius, gastroenterostomy, etc
Genio- (■ycceloi'). Pertaining to the chin ; e. g., genioHyoglos- sus. geniohyoid.
Glosso- fyAiucro-ai. Pertaining to the tongue. See glossology, filossoplec'ia. glossophytia.
Haema-, haemato-or hemo- (Aijua). The blood; pertaining to theblnnd, Si:i^ hematemesis, hematoma, hemorrhage, etc
Hemi- (»)/u.i-jj/jit<Tii?). Half; as in hemiachromatopsia, hemi- crania, hemif>legia.
Hepat- (rin-ap). The liver: pertaining to the liver. See hep a t- emphraxis, hepatization, hepat opostema.
Hetera- (eVeTros). Different; opposite; e. g., heteroinfection, heterologous, heteropathy-
Hydro-, hydr- {v^taps. Water ; resembling or relating to water, dropsy, etc. ; as in hydremia, hydragogue, hydrate, ■ hydrocephalus, etc.
Hyper- (I'Trep). Excess; exaggerated abnormality in anmutit. size, quality, etc. See hyperesthesia, hypermetropia , hvperpyrexia, hypertrophy, and others.
Hypno- [i'mvoi). Siee|). See hypnopathy, hypnotism
Hypo- (un-n). Diminution as to degree, amount, size, qnalit\-, etc.. or tliat located under or beneath ; e. g.,hyposthenia. hypoblast . hypochondriac, hypodermatic , hypoglossal.
Hystera-. hystero- (uo-repa). The uterus or womb; relation to the uterus; e.g., hysterectomy, hystero- epilepsy, hvateropexia, etc
Il?o- ifl'-um). Pertaining to the ileum- e.g., ileo-colitis, ileo- ty pints.
Ilio- ( Ilium). Pertaining to the ilium ; e. g., ilio femoral, ilio- lumbar.
Im-, in- {In). Privative, negative; as imperforate, incarcer- ation, insane, incontinence.
In- {iv). In, within, ufjon, b\' ; as incubation^ infarction, in- Jlammation, inoculation, etc.
Infra- (Infra). Beneath, below; e. g., infraniaxillaty, in- frascapular .
Inter- {Inter). Between. See intercellular, intercostal, inter- trigo, and others.
Intra- {Intra). Within, inside of, as intra-articular, intra- uterine.
Iso- (Icro?). Equal, like; e.g., isometric, isothermal, isopathy.
Kata-, kath- (Kara). Down, through ; as katabolisni, Catatonia, kathode.
Leuko- (AeuKos). Whiteness ; e. g., leukemia, leukocyte, leukomain, leukorrhea.
Lith-, litho- {Atdo«). Pertaining to stone, calculus, or lithic acid. See lithemia, lithiasis, lithotripsy, etc
Macro- (fiaKpos). Largeness, hypertrophy ; as in macroglossia, niacromelia.
Mai- {Mains). Bad ; as malformation, malpractice, malaria
Mclano- (jitAa?). Blackness, pigmentation ; e g.^ melancholia, m ela n o-s arcom a .
Meso- (/J.CCT09). The middle ; e.g., mesoblast, mesocolon, etc.
Meta- (M«Td). With, after; e. g,, metabolism, metatarsus.
Micro- {ti.LKpo'i). Smallness; e.g., micrococcus, microglossia, microscope.
Mon-, mono- (^oi-os). Singleness. For example, monamin, fnonoinania, monorchis.
Morpho- (ju.opi/»iy). Shape, form ; e.g., morphography., morphol- ogy, morphometry.
Multi- \multus). Number, many ; e. g., multilocu/ar, multi- parous.
Myelo- (MyfAos). Referring to the brain or spinal cord; as myeloid, myelitis.
Myo- (niOy). Pertaining to a muscle or to muscularity. See myocarditis, myoma, myopathy.
Neo- (ceo?). New, recent, young; as neogala, neo-membrane, tieoplasm.
Nephr- (i'e<^po?). Pertaining to the kidney ; e. g., nephra- postasis, nephria. nephritis.
Neuro- (i/efpoi')- Relatingtoanerveortc neurology. Intheori- ginal Greek the word meant a cord or X^uAow,— neurosis, the stringing of the bow. It is now applied only to nerve-structure; as, e. g., neuralgia, neurasthenia, neurilemma, neuroglia.
Ob- {Ob). In front ol, against, denoting hindrance or ob- struction ; e. g., obstruent, obturator, occlusion^ op- ponens.
Odonto- (060U?). Of the teeth ; as odontology , odontalgia.
Oligo- (oAt'yo?). Fewness or lack of, as oligocythemia.
Ophthalmo- (fw^^aA^ogj. Pertaining to the eye, as ophthal- mia, ophthalmoplegia.
Ortho- (opfds). Straight, upright, correct. See orthoscope, orthopedia, orthopraxis.
Osteo- (offTeof ). Referring to bone. See osteoblast, osteomyel- itis, osteoplastic.
Oto- (ous). Pertaining to the ear, as otorrhea, otophone.
Oxy- (y^v?). Denoting the presence of oxygen, or acidity; as oxygen, oxyhemoglobin.
Pan-, Pant- (iras, n-ar). All. every, universal; as pancreas, fianirenesis, pantomorphic.
Para- (■tra.pa.). Through, near, by, by the side of. abnormality. Examples: paracentesis^ paresthesia, parenchyma, par- otid.
Peri- (TTepO- About, around. See, e. g., pericardium, peri- meter, perilymph, periosteum.
Pod- (TToiic). Pertaining to the foot, as podalgia, podedema.
Poly-, pol- (rroAil?). Many, much ; e.g., polycorta, polygalac- tia, polyuria.
Prae-. pre- {Prcr\. Before ; e- g., prctcordia, prepuce.
Pro- (TTpo). Before, down ; as in process, procidentia, prolapse, proptosis.
Proc-, procto- (n-pwKTo^V The anus, pertaining to the anus; e. g., proctitis, proctoplegia.
Pseudo- f>i/eu5i7?). False, spurious ; as in pseudarthtosis, pseudo- cyesis.
Pyo- (TTvof). Pertaining to pus or purutency ; e. g.. Pyogenic, pyosalpinx.
Pyr-, pyro- fn-yp). Conrerniner fire or heat, or infiammation ; ^- S- pyrogenous, pyrexia.
Retro- {Retro). Backward, behind; e. g., retrofiex, retro- version,
Rhin-, Rhino- (pi?). Pertaining to the nose, as rhinoplasty, rhinitis.
Semi- iSemis). Half, partly, almost, as semicapium, semi- lunar.
ABBREVIATinxS
Sphyg- (a<itvyiJ.6i). Pertaining to the pulse, as sphygmometer,
sph vgntotechny. Sub- \Sub\. Beneath, under; and also partially or deficiency
q\, as subclavian, subluxation. Super- [Super). Above, upon; excess of; e.g., superciliitm,
superfecundation.
Supra- [Supra). Above, upon, superior to, as supraorbital,
supraspi7iatus. Sym-, syn- [aw). With, together, same. See, e. j-., symbleph-
aron, symphysis, synalg-ia, sytichondrosis. Zoo- {^iaov). Animal. See zoology., zoochemia.
SUFFIXES.
-ago (agere)- Gives the idea of activity, presentation, etc.; as lumbago.
-agogue lay€cc. to bear off, carry away). Signifies an agent stimulating the function of excretion or secretion of the product. Thus, emmruagogue, hvdragogue, sialagogue.
-agra 'aypa, an attack, sti;:iirei. Denotes an acute attack of pain in the part, as arthragra. podagra.
-algia (izAyos, pain). Pain in a part, expressed by the chitf word; e.g., cephalalgia, gastralgia.
-atresia (aTprjaia). Imperforate, as '\\\ prociatresia.
-cele («>)A7)). A tumor, hernia, or protrusion. See cystocele, hydrocele, meningocele,
-cele, coele («otAta). A cavity, ventricle; e. g., tnesocele.
-ectomy (exreiuc^iv). Excision, exsection; as in oophorectomy, nephrectomy, splenectomy.
-emia, (ai|ua, blood). Denotes a condition of the blood, or an ingredient in the same, expressed by preceding word ; e.g., hydremia, lithemia, pyemia, uremia.
-etin (prjTtt'Tj) Used in the names of certain resins, 2Aabielin.
-fuge (fugare, to expel). Driving out. an expeller, as vermi- fuge, febrifuge, etc.
-graph, graphy iYpo'i»ei»'. to write). An instrument ; a treatise or description ; e. g., sphygmograph, demography.
-ia, often contracted to-v, denotes the quality of the root-word as an abstract noun, as akromegalia, akromegaly.
-idae (-i6»j5). The sufllix to the name of a genus forming the name of a family ; bovidis, equidce.
-igo. A variation of -ago; e. g., prurigo, vertigo.
-is, -sis. Present the abstract idea of activity of the root-word.
-ism (-tcTiuo?)- Implies the doctrine, practice, or theory of the principal word ; Dat~ivinism, tribadism.
-ite {-ir7]5). Of the nature of. In anatomy, denoting a constit- uent part of an organ ; as sergite, stemite. In chemistry, any salt of an -ous acid ; as sulphite, phosphite.
-itis (-iTi?). Originally the feminine ending of Greek substan- tives and denotes an especial activity of the root-word. By habit and general use it is now limited to inflam- matory activity ; as gastritis, otitis, etc.
-logy (Aoyo?. discourse). A treatise upon; as bacteriology, dermatology, pathology.
-lysis (Au(Ti5, a loosening). A separation into constituent parts, or the setting free of some |>art ; as hydrolysis, analysis.
-malacia tVaAa«os, soft). Abnormal softness; as in osteo- malacia.
-mania ^/xai-ia, madness). The chief wnrd denotes the principal
symiitom of the mental affection; e. g., erotomania, kleptomania, etc.
-meter (jLierpof, a measure). An instrument for measuring; e. g., aerometer, minometer.
-odynia o&vfq, excessive pain). The principal word denotes the seat of great pain, as eoccygodynia.
-oid {ilfto^, form). Similar in shape, etc.; as in choroid, cuboid, sphenoid, xiphoid. *
-oma (uj/ACL). A tumor, e.g., glioma, sarcoma.
-opia (tij*). Pertaining to the eye or vision ; as in amblyopia, myopia, etc.
-orium, -torium. -sorium (T^ptoi-). Designate places, tools, etc.; as tentorium, auditorium, etc.
-osis, -osus, derived from Greek words in -dw. and usuall) denote fulness, redundancy, excess.
-pathy (Tra^os). A condition of disease, and also a method of cun-; as adenopathy, psychopathy, homeopathy, hydro- pathy.
-phobia (0o)3o?, fear). Morbid or exaggerated fear or dread, as agoraphobia, photophobia.
-plasty (irAatro-eir, to form). Surgical plastic operation upon a part; e.g., blepharoplasty, rhinoplasty.
-rhagia (pij-yi'v^ti, to burst forth). A hemorrhage or excessive discharge; eg., blennorrhagia, metrorrhagia.
-rhaphy {f}a<i>j}. a suture). A stitching or suturing of a part ; as rnteror/haphy, perineorrhaphy.
-rhea (peeti',to flow). An excessive discharge or excretion ; as blennui-rhea, diarrhea, leukoi-rhea.
-scope (<T»coJTeu', to look). An instrument for making an exam- ination ; as laryngoscope, microscope.
-scopy {cKOTtiiiv). An examination ; as ophthalmoscopy .
-stomy ((TTo/^a, mouth). A suffix seen in the names of those surgical operations in which an artificial opening or pas- sage is formed, as enterostomy.
-tas, -ty. Derived originally trom the Greek -njs, denote ab- stract quality or idea, as immunity, acidity.
-tio, -atio, -tion. " A suffix of verbal roots denoting an action or function as taking place — an occurrence. The n was added to the original -Ho by Roman and French in- fluence.
-tomy (Tefiretr, to cut). Incisiou ; e.g., laparotomy, tenotomy.
-ulus, -ula, -ulum, -ola, -ion, -ellus, -illus, -leus. Diminu- tives,
-uria (oi'peeif, to urinate). Abnormalities of the urine or of urination ; as albuminuria, polyuria.
A. A. S
A. B. or B. A. .
A. M
CM
D, D. S
D. P. H
D. S. M
D. S. S
F. B. S. . . . F. B. S.Ed. . .
F. C. S
F. E. S
F. F. P. S. G.
F. K. Q. C. P. I.
F. L. S
F. R. C. P. L. .
F. R.C. P. Ed. .
F. R. C. P. I. . .
F. R. C. S. E. .
F. R. C. S. Ed. .
F. R. C. S. I. . .
F. R. S
F. R. S. E. . . F. R. S. L. . . .
L. A. H
L. D. S
L. F. P. S. G. .
L. K. Q. C. P. I.
DEGREES, DIPLOMAS, AND QUALIFICATIONS.
. Fellow of the American Academy. LL. B Bachelor of Laws.
Bachelor of Arts. LL. D Doctor of Laws.
, Master of Arts. L. R.C. P. L. . Licentiate of the Royal College of Physi-
. Master in Surgery. cians of London.
, Doctor of Dental Surgerv. L. R. C. P. Ed. . . Licentiate of the Royal College of Physi-
, Diploma in Public Health. cians of Edinburgh.
. Diploma in State Medicine. L. R. C. S. Ed. . . Licentiate of the Royal College of Surgeons
. Diploma in Sanitary Science. of Edinburgh.
, Fellow of the Botanical Society. L. R. C. S. I. . . . Licentiate of the Royal College of Surgeons
. Fellow Botanical Society of Edinburgh. in Ireland.
Fellow of the Chemical Society. L. S. A Licentiate of the Apothecaries' Society of
. Fellow of the Entomological Society. London.
, Fellow of the Facultv of Physicians and L. S. S Licentiate in Sanitary Science.
Surgeons of Glasgow. M. A Master of Arts.
. Fellow of the King and Queen's College of M. B Bachelor of Medicine.
Physicians of Ireland. M. D Doctor of Medicine.
, Fellow of the Linncean Society. M. K. Q. C. P, I. . Member of the King and Queen's College
. Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians of Physicians of Ireland.
of London. M. P. S Member of the Pharmaceutical Society.
. Fellow of the Roval College of Physicians M. R. C. C. ... Member Koyal College of Chemistry.
of Edinburgh. M. R. C. P. L. . . Member of the Royal College of Physicians
. Fellow of the Roval College of Physicians of London.
of Ireland. ' M. R. C. P. Ed. . Member of the Royal College of Physicians
. Fellow of the Roval College of Surgeons of Edinburgh.
of England. M. R. C. P. I. . . Member of the Royal College of Physicians
. Fellow of the Roval College of Surgeons of Ireland.
of Edinburgh. M. R. C. S. E. . . Member of the Royal College of Surgeons
. Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons of England.
in Ireland. M. R. C. S. Ed. . Member of ihe Royal College of Surgeons
. Fellow of the Royal Society. of r.dinbnrgh.
. Fellow of the RAyal Society of Edinburgh. M. R. C. S. I. . Member of the Royal College of Surgeons
. Fellow of the Roval Society of London. in Ireland.
. Licentiateoflhe Ai)othecaries' Hall, Dublin M. R. C. V. S. . . Member of the Royal College of Veterinary
. Licentiate in Dental Surgerv. Surgeons.
. Licentiateoflhe Faculty of Physicians and M. S Master in Surgen.-.
Surgeons of Glasgow. Ph B Bachelor of Philosophy.
. Licentiateoflhe King and Queen's College Ph. D Doctor of Philosophy.
of Physicians of Ireland. V. S Veterinary Surgeon.
INDEX OF TABLES
AND IMPORTANT DEFINITIONS, WHEREIN LARGE NUMBERS OF FACTS ARE BROUGHT TOGETHER AND CLASSIFIED
PACK
Abscesses, l8
Acids 24
Anesthetic 69
Arch, 89
Arteries, 94
Asthma, 101
Bands 112
liaths 115
liismuth 12;
Body, 128
liones, 129
Calcium 143
Canal, 148
Cancer, 149
Cartilage 155
Cataracts, 1 58
Cells l6t
Center 165
Corpuscle 191
Cysts, 202
Diarrhea, 215
Disease 222
Ether, 249
Ethyl, 250
PAGE
Eascia 257
Eevers, 261
Eiber, 262
Eold, 266
Fossa, 268
Insanity 310
Law, 329
Layer, 331
Ligament, S3S
Line, 337
Lobe, 341
Muscles 367
Nerves 377
Nucleus, 383
Oils 3S6
Operations, 392
Plexus 421
Pulse, 439
Serum 467
.Signs and Symptoms, 469
Stains, 486
Tests 528
Theories 54'
Treatments, 549
DICTIONARY
OF
NEW MEDICAL TERMS.
Abasia. (See IIIus. Diet.) A. atactica, a form marked by a\vkwardne5s and uncertainly of move- ment. A., Choreic, tliat due to choreic cramps in tlie legs. A., Paralytic, that form in which the legs give w."'y under the weight of the body and w-alking is impossible. A., Paroxysmal Trepidant, a form of astasia-abasia in which trepidation similar to that of spastic paraplegia stiffens the legs and prevents walk- ing. A., Trembling, incapacity to walk on account of trembling of the legs.
Abatage {ah-bah-tazh) [Fr.]. I. The slaughter of an animal to prevent the infection of others. 2. The art of '* casting" an animal preparatory to an operation ; abattage.
Abatardissement ((ih-bah-tar-dees-moiil^gY) [Fr.]. The gradual degeneration or deterioration of a breed or race.
Abbe's Test-plate. An instrument designed by Abbe for testing microscopic objectives for spherical and chromatic aberration. It is composed of a microscopic slide with six cover-glasses ranging from 0.09 to 0.024 millimeter in thickness, and silvered on one side. Delicate, parallel, ruled lines are cut through the sil- ver film, thus making a kind of micrometer with trans- parent rulings.
Abdomen. (See Illus. Diet.). A., Accordion, Kap- lan's term for a swelling of the abdomen attended with flattening of the arch of the diaphragm and in- creased respiration. It is not due to the presence of gas nor to tumor, and disappears under anesthesia ; nervous pseudotympany. A., Boat-shaped, A., Carinate. See A.^ Scaphtnd. A. obstipum, con- genital shortening of the rectus abdominis muscle. A., Scaphoid. See under ScaplioiJ (Illus. Diet. I. A., Uncinate, one in which the termin.al segments and those next to them are turned under the others.
Abdominocystic {ab-dom-in-o-sis' -tik) \abdomen : M crrif, bladder]. Relating to the abdomen and blad- der.
Abdominous {ab-dom'-in-iis). Same as Abdominal (Illus. Diet.).
Abducens-facialis (ab-dii-senz-fa-sf-a' -Us). Pertaining to the abducens and facial nerves. See Xtr-.es, Table of (\\\\x<,. Diet.).
Abenteric ((7i>-^H'-/^r-rt) [«*, from; ei'Tf^wi, intestine]. Outside the intestine ; involving or pertaining to or- gans or parts other than intestinal. A. Typhoid. See under Typhoid.
Aberratio (ab-er-a'-she-o'). See Aberration. A. hu- morum, an abnormal tendency or direction of blood or other fluid to a part ; as in vicarious menstrua- tion. A. lactis, milk metastasis. See Galattoplania 2
17
(Illus. Diet.). A. mensium, A. menstruorum. See Menstruation, Vicarious (Illus. Diet.).
Aberration. (See Illus. Diet.) A., Dioptric. See A., Spherical (Illus. Diet.). A., Distantial, indis- tinct vision due to distance. A., Lateral, a deviation of a ray in any direction from the axis measured in the focal plane perpendicularly to the axis. A., Longi- tudinal, a deviation of a ray from the focus, measured along the axis above or below the focal plane. A., Newtonian. Same as A., Chromatic (Illus. Diet.).
Abiaba [Peruvian name]. See Luctima caimito.
Abietate iah-i'-e-tal). A salt of abietic acid.
Abiogenetic, Abiogenous [ab-i-o-jen-et'-ik. abi-oj'-en- us). Pertaining to abiogenesis; characterized by spon- taneous generation.
Abiogeny (ab-i-oj'-en-e). See Abiogenesis (Illus. Diet.).
Abionarce {ab-i-o-jiar^-se) [«, priv,; jSio^, life; vapKJ], numbness]. Torpor due to infirmity.
fib'iosis (ab-i-o' -sis) [n,priv.; ^luaff , life]. The absence of life.
Abiotic inb-i-ot'-ik). Opposed to or incapable of life.
Abiotrophy (<7A-!-o/'-;-(7-yi-) [a, priv. ; /3iof, life; 'poor;, nourishment]. Degeneration or decay due to defec- tive vital endurance.
Abiotus (ab-i-o'-tus) [a.3iuToc, insupportable]. Inca- pable of vitality. Non-viable ; approaching death. .
Abipsia [ab-ip'-se-ah). See Adipsia (Illus. Diet.).
Ablactate (ab-lak'-tat) \_nblactare, to wean]. To ac- custom a nursling to food other than mother's milk ; to wean.
Ablateur (ab-lat-itr) [Fr.]. See Ablator (Illus. Diet.). A. vulcanique. a cauter}'-iron employed in the castra- tion of domestic animals.
Ablation. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. The abatement or dimi- nution of the acute symptoms of a malady.
Ablepharia. (See Illus. Diet.) Cf. Microblepharia, Schizoblepharia, Cryptophthalmos. A., Partial, a congenital defect in one or more of the eyelids. A., Total, a congenital condition in which there is either a total absence of eyelids or the interpalpebral fissure.
Ablepharus {ab-lef -ar-us). An individual affected witli ablepharia.
Abluentia {ab-lii-en'-she-ah) [abluere, to wash away]. Cleansing applications, abstergents.
Abolitionism yab-o-lish'-un-izm) \abotitio, an abolish- ing]. .\ movement originating in England to abolish the regulation and control of prostitution by the health- officers. Also applied to the movement to abolish vivisection.
Abomasus iab-o-ma'-sus). See Abomasum [\\\vi^. Diet.).
Abortion, Abortus. (See Illus. Diet. ) 2. An aborted fetus. 3. In botany and zoology the partial or complete
ABORTIVE
18
ABSCESS
arrest of development of an organ. A., Accidental, abortion due to accident. A., Ampullar, tulial abortion from the ampulla of the oviduct. A., Chronic. See.-/., //a/?i/itii/ {U\u)i. Did.). A. crebroredeuns. See.-/., Habiliial (Illus. Diet.). A., Epidemic, one of many cases occurring about the same time, due to widespread distress, e.xcitement, or privation, or lt> some fornr of poisoning such as ergotism. A., Induced, one inten- tionally brought about. A., Partial, the premature loss of one fetus in a case of multiple gestation. A., Provoked. See A., InUucfil. A., Spontaneous, abortion not attributable to .accident or purposive inter- ference. A., Tubal, the escape of a fertilized ovum through the abdominal opening of tlie oviduct into the jjerituneal cavity.
Abortive. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. A drug for inducing abortion.
Abraham (<:'-/';■<?■/«;;«). To sham ; to feign sickness or lunacy. A. -man, I. A mendicant lunatic from the Abraham Ward of Bethlehem Hospital, London ; they bore a distinctive badge. 2. An impostor who feigned to be a lunatic and begged in the guiseof an Abraham- man.
Abranchiate [^iih-bram;' -ke-af). Having no gills.
Abrastol i,?/'-;-,:.!/'-!'/). 'it^ Asaprol {IWvls. Diet.).
Ahreshain. Finely divided white silk, said to be used in the East Indies as an aphrodisiac.
Abroma angusta, L. (.See Illus. Diet.) Olutkombul. The bark yields a glutinous sap which is used as an emmenagog. Dose 2 grams (grs. 30).
Abrosia (a/'-ro'-ze-ah) [dfipuaia, fasting]. Want of food ; fasting.
Abscess, Abscessus. (See lUus. Diet.) Syn., F.e- fyem.i : AJJlc : Galhering. A., Acute, one resulting from an acute inflammation of the part in which it is formed ; abscessus per fiuxum. A., Amebic, a variety of abscess found in the liver and lung and containing amebas. A., Anorectal, one of the celluloadipose tis- sue near the anus. A., Antemammary. See ^., .S"«- prainanintarv. A., Arthrifluent, a wandering abscess having its origin In a diseased joint. A. arthriticus, Musgrave's term for Intestinal ab.scesses due to *' gouty dysentery." A. articuli. See Ar/hiitis, Snppittd- live. A., Bartholinian, an abscess of Bartholin's gland or its duct. A., Bicameral, one with two pockets. A., Biliary, one connected with the gall- bladder or a bile-duct. A., Brodie's, chronic abscess of bone, most frequently of the head of the tibia. A. capitis sanguineus neonatorum. See Cephal- /iemiU,»iiii (Illus. Diet.). A. carniformis, Severinus' name for a hard sarcoma of the joints. A., Cheesy. See A., Caseous (Illus. Diet.). A., Circumscribed, one that is limited by an exudation of lymph. A., Collar-button. See .-/., .SV;(V/-//W (Illus. Diet. ). A., Consecutive. See .4., 0-//;V(;/ (Illus. Diet.). A., Dental. See A., Alveolar (Illus. Diet.). A., Der- moid, a small cutaneous abscess characteristic of the scrofiilide p/ile«-moneiisedescr\hed by Hardy. A., Dia- thetic, one due to a diathesis. A., Diffuse. See /«• Jillratioii, Purulent. A., Douglas, one formed in the peritoneal folds of Douglas' sac. A., Dry, one which disappears without discharging. A., Emphy- sematous. See A., Tympanitic. A., Epithelial, one located In epithelial tissues. A., Fixation, an abscess produced by the subcutaneous Injection of an irritant, as a treatment of grave septicemia. A. flatuosus. See .■/., Tympanitic-. A., Follicular, inflammation of single follicles of the mucosa. A. frigidus scrofulosus. See A., Scrofulous. A. gangraenescens, A. gangraenosus. See Anthra.x (Illus. Diet.). A., Gas. See A., Tympanitic, A., Glandular, one formed about a lymph-gland. A.,
Gravitation, one in which pus formed In one part of the body tends to migrate, usually to portions deeper or lower down. In the direction gravity would take it. A., Hematic, one due to an extrava.sated blood-clot. A., Hemorrhagic, one containing blood. A., Hep- atic, abscess of the liver. A., Hypostatic. See .-5., Wandering. A., Idiopathic, one not attributable to any other di.sease. A., Iliac, a wandering abscess of the iliac region. A., Infecting Mitral, one due to a lymph embolus caused by endocarditis. A., Interlamellar, of the Membrana Tympani, one fol- lowing myringitis or otitis media, and occurring between the laminas of the substantia projiria of the tympanic membrane. A., Intramastoid, one of the mastoid j^rocess of the tem]ioral bone. A., Ischio- rectal, one of the l.schlorectal fossa. A., Lacrimal, one of the lacrimal sac. A. lactis. See A., Milk (Illus. Diet.). A., Lumbar, a wandering abscess of the lumbar region. A., Lymphatic, i. The sup- puration of a lymphatic gland. 2. An enlarged bursa mucosa. A., Mammary, Subcutaneous. See A., Stiprainaiiiniarv. A., Marginal, one located near the anal oritice. A., Mastoid, suppuration occurring in the cells of the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. A., Mediastinal, su])puratlon in the mediasti- num. A., Metastatic, an ab.scess secondary to pye- mia and ulcerous endocarditis, but not occurring through septicemia. They are usually of embolic origin and generally located In the lungs and liver. A., Micro- scopic, any minute collection f>f necrosed cells. A. mucocarnosus botryoides labii vulvae, a lobulated outgrowth of the labium pudendi majus. A., Mural, one forming In the abdominal wall. A. nucleatus. See />(?•««<«//(,( (Illus. Diet.). A. oculi. ^ee Pan- ophthalmitis pitritlcuta. A., Osteopathic, one due to disease of a bone. A., Otic Cerebral, A., Otitic Cere- bral, an abscess of the brain, following a purulent dis- ease of the Inner ear. A.. Paget's. See ./., Residual (Illus. Diet.). A., Parametric, A., Parametritic, a form occurring frequently between the fohls oi the broad ligament of the uterus or In the neighboring cellular tissue. A., Paranephric, A., Paranephritic, one occurring in the tissues about the kidney. A. pectoris. See Empyema (Illus. Diet.). A. per con- gestum, A. per decubitum. .See A.., Wandering. A. per fiuxum. See A., Acute. A., Perimetric, A., Perimetritic, ]3us within the peritoneum origi- nating from inflammation of the peritoneal covering of the uterus. A., Perinephric, one occurring in the region immediately surrounding the kidney. A., Peri- pleuritic, one that occurs beneath the parietal pleura as the result of pleurisy, a diseased rib, or an injury. A., Periproctitic, one in the loose areolar tissue sur- rounding the lower part of the rectum. A. perisinuo- sus,one resulting from infection of the region about a sinus. A., Peritoneal, a collection of softened exu- date which has become encysted In cases of peritonitis. A., Peritonsillar, one that forms In acute tonsillitis around one or both tonsils. A. pneumococcalis, one due to Infection by pneumococcl. A., Postcecal, one located back of the cecum. A., Postfascial. See A., Subfascial. A., Postmammary. See A., Sub- mnmmarv. A., Postpharyngeal. See A., Retro- pharyngeal. A., Posttyphoid, chronic abscess fol- lowing typhoid. A., Prelacrimal, an abscess due to carles of the lacrimal or the ethmoid bone, producing a swelling at the inner canthus immediately below the upper margin of the orbit. A., Preperitoneal. See A.., Subperitoneal. A., Primary, one arising at the seat of infection. A., Progressive Ulcerative, of the Cornea. See Keratitis of Reapers (Illus. Diet.). A., Puerperal, a variety seen in Infants in
ABSCESSED
19
ACAROPHOBIA
which cutaneous nodules become softened and painful. A., Retroesophageal, one situated dorsad of the esophagus. A., Retromammary. See A., Sub- maininary. A., Retroperitoneal. See A., Siib- feritoneal. A., Retropharyngeal, one formed between the vertebral column and the posterior wall of the pharynx ; postpharyngeal abscess. A., Scrofulous, one due to tuberculous degeneration of bone or lymph-glands : abscessus frigidus scrofulosis ; strumous abscess. A., Secondary. Same as A., E/nholii: (Illus. Diet.). A., Septicemic, one result- ing from septic infection or accompanying septicemia. A., Spermatic, one involving the seminiferous tubules. A., Spinal, one due to necrosis or disease of a verte- bra, A., Spirillar, Verneuil's name for an abscess containing spirilla from the saliva. A. spirituosus. See Aneurystn (Illus. Diet.). A., Stitch, one formed about a stitch or suture. A., Strumous. See A., Scrofulous. A., Subaponeurotic, one beneath an aponeurosis or fascia. A., Subareolar, one beneath the alveolar epithelium of the nipple. A., Subfas- cial, one beneath a fascia ; postfascial abscess. A., Submammary, one lying between the mammary gland and the chest- wall. Syn., Poslniainniary or RctrcmanuHtiry abscess. A., Subpectoral, one be- neath the chest muscles. A., Subperitoneal, one arising between the parietal peritoneum and the abdom- inal wall. Syn., Preperitoneal abscess. A., Sub- phrenic, one located beneath the diaphragm. A., Sudoriparous, an abscess due to inflammation of ob- structed sweat-glands. A., Supramammary, one in the subcutaneous tissue over the breast. A., Sym- pathetic, a secondary or metastatic abscess at a dis- tance from the part at which the exciting cause has acted (e. g., a bubo). A., Temporosphenoidal, one situated in the temporosphenoidal lobe. A., Thora- cis. See £«//ir/«(: (Illus. Diet.). A., Tympanitic, one containing gas generated by putrefaction. Syn., Abscessus Jlatuostis, Gas abscess. A., Urethral, i. Suppuration of a urethral lacuna, a lacunar abscess. 2. One involving the circumurethral tissue. A., Urinary, one resulting from extravasation of urine. A., Urinous, one containing urine mingled with the pus. A., Verminous, A., Worm, one containing intestinal worms, from communication with the intes- tines. A., Wandering, one in which the pus has traveled along the connective-tissue spaces and points at some locality distant from its origin. Syn. , Hypostatic abscess., Abscessus per congestum, A. per decubitus.
Abscessed [ab^-sesil ). Affected with or caused by an abscess, as "abscessed teeth."
Abscission. (See Illus. Diet. ) 4. The .suppression of a physiologic function.
Absinthiate (ab-sin'-the-af). A salt of absinthic acid.
Absinthiated (ab-siii'-tlie-dt-ed). I. Mixed witli ab- sinthe. 2. Containing wormwood.
Absinthiatum (nb-sinth-i-a'-tum) [I..]. Absinthe; wormwood wine.
Absinthic {ab-sintli'-ik). Due to the action of absinthe. Cf. Epilepsy, .4bsinthic.
Absolute (<;/''-.w-/«/) [fffoofoc;-?, to complete]. Perfect, entire, unconditional. A. Temperature. See Tem- perature. A. Zero. See Zero.
Absorbefacient [ab-sorb-e-fa'-s/ient] \_absorptio, absorp- tion ; facere, to make]. Favoring or tending to produce absorption.
Absorbent. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. T.aking up by suc- tion, imbibing.
Absorptio (ab-sorp'-she-o). See Absorption. A. mor- bosa. Siee Absorption, Excreiiieiititial {2). A. pul- monalis. 'see Absorption, Pulmonary (Ittus. Diet.). A. Sana. See Absorption, Physiologic.
Absorption. (See Illus. Diet.) A., Chylous, the act or process of the entrance of the oil globules of the chyle into the central canals of the intestinal villi. A., Coefficient of, that number which represents the volume of a gas absorbed by a unit volume of water at 0° C. and at a barometric pressure of 760 mm. A. of Decomposition, A. of Dissimilation. See .-/. , Internal. A., Excrementitial, i. The absorp- tion of fluid excretions by the mucosa. 2. The ab- sorption of excretions or morbid products by the blood (bile, pus). Syn., Pathologic Absorption, Absorptio morbosa. A., External. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. The introduction of pabulum or medication applied to the exterior of the body or of an organ. A., Internal, I. The absorption of waste products by the tissues ; absorption of decomposition, of disassimilation. 2. The taking up of pabulum by the tissues ; absorption of nutrition ; molecular, nutritive, organic absorption. A., Lymphatic, that which occurs in lymphatic ves- sels. A., Molecular, A., Nutritive, A., Organic. 5te .4., Internal \2). A., Pathologic, ^ee A., Ex- crementitial [2). A., Physiologic, a phenomenon form- ing an important part of the digestive process, caused in part by the vital activity of the epithelial cells and in part by the physical laws of imbibition, diffusion, and osmosis. Syn., .Absorptio Sana. A., Purulent, i. A., Excremeyititial (2). 2. Pyemia. A., Recrementitial, the absorption of surplus secretions. A., Respiratory. See A., Pulmonary (Illus. Diet.). A. Spectrum. See under Spectrum (Illus. Diet.). A. Tube. See under Tube (Illus. Diet.). A., Ulcerative, that by which an ulcer forms or extends its area.
Abstersion [ab-stert-shun] \_abstergere, to remove]. The act of purifying or cleansing.
Abstractive \ab-stract'-iv). An expressed juice or ex- tract.
Abuse (ab-iis') \^abusus, a using up]. Rape. A., Self-, masturbation.
Acacanthrax [ak-ah-kan' -thraks) [a, priv. ; koko^, bad; infl^juf, a carbuncle : pi., acacanthraces"]. Non- malignant anthrax.
Acantha. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. The spinal column. 3. Spina bifida.
Acanthabolus. See Acantliobolus.
Acanthobolus (ak-an-thob'-ol-us) [iinnvfta, a thorn ; f3a'/-/.ea', to strike]. Forceps resembling the volsella, for removing foreign bodies from the soft parts. Syn., Aca/itbabolus, .4canfba;'ola.
Acanthoma. (See Illus. Diet. ) A., Alveolar, a form in which an alveolar structure marks the new growths. A. simplex. See Hyperacanthosis. A., Warty, a variety forming wart-like elevations of the skin.
Acanthotheca {ak-an-tho-the' -ka) [a/iar^a, a spine; '<;,ii/;, a case]. See Parasites, Table 0/ Animal (Illns. Diet.).
Acanthulus (ak-an'thu-lus). An instrument for re- moving thorns from wounds.
Acardiacus. (See Illus. Diet.) A. acephalus, one in which the he.ad is wanting, the thorax nidi- mentaiy, the pelvis and contiguous parts perfectly formed. A., Amorphous, a shapeless lump with only rudiments of organs. Cf. Acephaius, Acormus, Teratoma.
Acardinate (ak-ar'-Jin-at) [a, priv.; cardo, a hinge]. Lacking a hinge.
Acardius iah-tar'-de-us). Affected with congenital absence of the heart. An acardiac monster.
Acarodermatitis. (See Illus. Diet.) A. autumnalis, that variety jiroduced by I.eptus autumnalis. See Parasites, Table of Animal (\\\\.\s. Diet.).
Acarophobia ((?X'-(fr-o-/(>'-/)ir-n/;) [«ko^(, a mite ; do,3of, fear]. Morbid fear of the itch.
AGAR PI A
20
ACESODYNE
Acarpia [ah-karp' -t-ali) \a,Kap-ia\. Sterility, barren- ness, unfruitfulness.
Acatalepsia ((;//-y<«/-rt/-(;/>'-jc'-rt//). Same as Ai:ii/alf/<sy (Illus. Diet.).
Acataleptic. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. A person affected with acatalepsy.
Acathectic (n/i-kalli-ei'-tik) [dKaflf/crof, ungovernable]. Not able to retain. A. Jaundice. Seejauiiiiice.
Accelerator {^lik-sel^-t'-ro-for] \^itcifUriir/, to has- ten]. I. A nerve carrying motor impulses to the heart. 2. A muscle which hastens a physiologic discharge. A. partus, an abortifacient or ecbolic means.
Accentuated (a/c-siiit'-ii-a-tt'ii^. Abnormally or un- usually distinct, as respiratory or heart sounds.
Accessispinal {ai-sc\<-f-s/>i'-nti/). Coues' name for a muscle which is accessory to a spinal nmscle.
Accessorii Willisii, Accessory Nerves of Willis. See under A'erz't's.
Accessonus (ni-sfs-o'-re-us) [p\.,afcessoni"j. i. Con- tributory in a secondary degree ; accessory. 2. An accessory. See Muscles, Tabls i^" (Illus. Diet.); and under Xen'fs.
Accipenserin {ak-se-pen' -sur-iit). See Aciptnserin.
Accipiter. (See Illus. Diet.) A. quinqueceps, a tive-headed occipiter bandage. A. triceps, a three- headed occipiter bandage.
Accommodation. (See Illus. Diet.) A., Amplitude of. See A., Rnnge of. A., Asthenopia of, sub- normal power of the function of accommodation, or the pain or discomfort from accommodative effort. A., Binocular, the combined accommodation of the two eves. A., Breadth of. See A., Rangt of. A.. Line of. See Z/«,-,(, Tli/Vf ,./■ (Illus. Diet.). A., Mechanism of. See A. of the Eye (Illus. Diet.). A., Negative, the opposite of positive accommo- dation, the refractive power of the eye being les- sened. A., Positive, that when the eye being focused for a more distant object is required for fixa- tion upon a nearer point. A., Range of Relative, the range of accommodation at the command of the eye for any particular degree of convergence. A., Re- gion of, tlie extent controlled by the eye within which it distinguishes objects clearly from the state of rest to that of maximum accommodation. A., Spasm of, a term used to express ekcessive or persistent contrac- tion of the ciliary muscle, following the attempt to overcome error of refraction. It simulates myopia. A., Helmholtz's Theory of, that the increased con- vexity of the lens is produced by a relaxation of the suspensory ligament, thus removing the influence which tends to (fatten the lens and permitting the lat- ter by its elasticity to become more convex. A., Schoen's Theory of, that the contraction of the ciliary muscle produces the same effect on the lens as is produced upon a rubber ball when held in both hands and compressed with the fingers. A., Tschern- ing's Theory of, by the contraction of the ante- rior part of both the radiating and circular fibers of the ciliary muscle the ciliary processes are drawn backward, and the suspensory ligament pulled backward and outward ; pressure of the anterior por- tion of the muscle causes the increased convexity of the lens.
Accommodative (ak-om' -o-da-tiv) \accommodare, to adjust]. Pertaining to the function of accommodation, or resulting from it.
Accretion. (See Illus. Diet.) 3. An accumulation of foreign matter in any cavity.
Accubation (ak-ti-ba'-shun') [aceu/iare, to recline]. J. A reclining posture ; the taking to one's bed. 2. The act of lying in bed with anotlier person.
Accumulation (nk-u-»iu-la'-slitin) \accumulare, to heap up]. I. An amassing or collecting together. 2. \ mass, heap or aggregation. A., Fecal, an ex- cessive aggregation of feces in the large intestine ; coprostasis.
Acelia, Accelia {ah-se^ -le-a)i) [a, priv. ; aot/ua, a cavity]. The absence of a natural cavity. Syn. , Ace/osts.
Acelomate, Acelomic, Accelomate, Acoelomic (ah- sel' -om-dt, -ik). Destitute of a proper bodv cavity.
Acelosis, Accelosis uih-sel-o'-sis). See Acelia.
Acephalia. (See Illus. Diet.) A. spuria. See Hemi- iuephalia.
Acephalocyst, Acephalocystis. (See Illus. Diet.) .A. hydatid consisting only of a membranous sac con- taining flui<l. A. endogena, a sterile echinoeoecus cyst proliferating endogenously. A. eremita, a soli- tary sterile hydatid. A. sterilis. A. exogena, a sterile echinoeoecus cyst proliferating oxogenously. A. granulosa, a sterile echinoeoecus cyst with gran- ular walls. A. multifida, a sterile echinoeoecus cyst with branch-like prolongations. A. ovis tra- gelaphi (Cobbold). See Ecliiuococais homiitis. A. ovoidea, Laennee, a variety studded with whitish spheroidal bodies. A. plana, Laennec's name for certain concretions found in the sheaths of tendons and in muscles. A. prolifera, a multiple, sterile echinoeoecus cyst. --/. socialis. A. socialis. See A. prolifera. A. sterilis. See A. eremi/a. A. surculigera, a sterile echinoeoecus cyst with sucker-like prominences.
Acephalophorous [,,iii-sef-al-cf'-or-tis) [a, priv.; Kcpa/.i;, head ; of/)f/r, to bear]. Destitute of a distinct head.
Acephalorrhachus (a/i-scf-al-or-a'-kiis) [a, priv.; K€ipa/.i/f head ; />fi,v'r» spine]. A monster destitute of head and vertebral column.
Acephalos (n/i-sef'-al-os). See Acephahis.
Acephalostoma (ah-sef-al-os' -to-malt). Same as .Aceph- (7/(i.t/('w/«.( (Illus. Diet.).
Acephalothorax (ah-sef-al-o-tlio'-rais). A monster destitute of head and thorax. Syn., Acephnlot/ionts.
Acephalus. (See Illus. Diet.) A. dibrachius, an acephalus with two upper limbs in a more or less rudi- mentar)' state. A. dipus,an acephalus with two more or less developed lower extremities. A. monobra- chius, one with one upper extremity, a cervical verte- bra, and one or two more or less developed lower ex- tremities. Syn., Aiephalohrackia. A. monopus, one with only one lower extremity, more or less de- veloped. Syn., AcephalopoJus. A. paracephalus. See Paracef<haltts and Hemiacephaltts. Cf. A/ylace- phaliis, Aneitcephaliis. A. sympus, one in which the trunk ends in a long conical point at the end of which are attached one or two feet.
Acephaly (ah-sef'-al-e). Set Acephalia (Illus. Diet.).
Acerate (as'-er-st) [acer, sharp]. I. A salt of acerie acid. 2. Sharp-pointed, aeieular.
Acerbous {ah-serb'-iis). See Acerb (Illus. Dict.V
Acercus {ah-stir'-kiis) [a/itp/tof, without a tail]. A monstrosity without a tail or the coccygeal vertebra.
Acerdol [as'-ttr-dol). MnO^KjKOH, an oxidation product of potassium and manganese. It is used as an oxidizer and disinfectant.
Aceritous (ah-ser'-e-tus). See Acerotiis (Illus. Diet.).
Acerode (as'-er-od). See Aceride (Illus. Diet.).
Acervuloma [ah-ser-Tu-lo'-mah) [acerfulus, little heap; pi., acerz'ulomas, acer-vitlomata\ See Psam- nictna.
Acervus (ah-ser'-vtis) [L., aheap]. Brain-sand. See
■ Accniiliis (Illus. Diet.).
Acesodyne, Acesodynous (ah-ses'-o-din, -us) [qkccu- Svvoc'\. Allaying pain, anodyne.
ACESPHORIA
21
ACETONE
Acesphoria {ah-sis-fo'-re-ali\ [u«<7ir, a remedy; ^tjtuv, to bear]. A cure, a healing.
Acesphorous {ah-ses' -for-iis). Healing, curing.
Acestoma ias-es'-lo-miili) [nMorof, curable]. The in.iss of young granulation tissue which later forms the cicatrix.
Acestrum (as-es'-trum') [d/iEor/jor]. A remedy.
Acetabulose (ai-<'/-a/>'-«-/6i). See Acetaiiili/orm (lUus. Diet. |.
Acetabulum. (See Illus. Diet.) A. cotyle, the ar- ticular cavity of the innominate bone. A. humeri. See Glenoid Cavity (Illus. Diet.). A. uterina, a pla- cental cotyledon.
Acetacetate (as-el-as'-el-nt). See Acrloacetate.
Acetal. I See Illus. Diet.) 2. A mixture said to con- sist of acetic ether and oils of cloves, bergamot, lav- ender, lemon, menthol, orange, ro.semary, thyme, and absolute alcohol. A. Dimethyl. See Methylal (Illu*. Diet.).
Acetaldehyd Oxira. See Aldoxim (Illus. Diet).
Acetaldoxim i^as-et-al-doks' -iiii). See Aldoxim (Illus. Diet.).
Acetamidoantipyrin (as-et-am-id-oan-ti-pi'-riti). A crvstalline compound used as antipyrin.
Acetamidobenzoyleugenol (iis-ct-tim-id-o-ben-zo-il-ii'- jt-fi-ol I. See Acetaminol.
Acetamidophenol (as-el-ani-id-o-fen'-ol). CjHjOH . - NH . CjHjO. An oxidation-product of acetanilid ; hydroxyantifehrin.
Acetaminol (as-^t-am'-in-ol). C,»H2,NO,. A reac- tion-product of paranitrobenzoyl chlorid with eugeuol- sodium, followed by reduction and acetylization. It occurs as white scales or crystalline powder, soluble in alcohol and insoluble in water, and melting at i6o° C. It is used in pulmonary tubeiculosis. Syn. , Paraacet- amido-benzoyleu^enol : Acetamido-bcn zoyL
Acetanilid. (See Illus. Diet.) A., Ammoniated, a mixture of acetanilid, 25 p-irts ; ammonium carbonate, 10 parts ; sodium bicarbonate, 5 parts ; sugar of milk, 60 parts. It is recommended as causing less depres- sion than acetanilid alone. A., Monobromated. See Autiiipsin (Illus. Diet.).
Acetaria {as-et-a'-re-ah) [pi. of ac/tariuiii, a pickle]. Articles of food prepared with vinegar.
Acetarious (as-et-a'-re-us) \ttcelanutit^ a pickle or salad]. Suited to making salads or pickles.
Acetas (as'-et-as\. An acetate or salt of acetic acid.
Acetated (as'-ft-a-ted). Containing an acetate, acetic acid, or vinegar.
Acetic. (See Illus. Diet.) A. Acid Amide. See Acelamid (Illus. Diet.). A. Acid Esters. See Methyl Acetate, and Ether, Acetic. A. Acid Salts, (l) readily soluble crystalline salts formed from the bases; (2) basic salts formed from iron, aluminium, lead, and copper; sparingly soluble in water; (3) alkali salts, which have the property of combining with a molecule of acetic acid to produce acid .salts. A. Aldehyd. See under Aldehyd. A. Anhydrid, CjHjO.,, a colorless, mobile liquid, highly refractive and with an odor of acetic acid. Sp. gr. 1.080 at 15° C; boils at I36°-I38° C. Syn., Acetyl oxid : Acetic oxid ; so-called Anhydrous acetic acid. A. Ether. See under £c//c/- (Illus. Diet). A. Fungus, any one of several minute fungoid organisms capable of inciting and maintaining acetic fermentation, as first proved bv Pasteur in lS64.' Cf. Bacteria, Table of (111ns. Diet.).
Acetica (as-ef ik-ah) [L.]. Medicated vinegars. Syn., Acetica medicata.
Acetidin (as-ef -id-in). See Ether, Acetic (Illus. Diet. 1.
Acetification (as-et-e-fi-ia'-shiin) [acetiim, vinegar ;
facere, to make]. The production of vinegar by
acetic fermentation. Acetify (as-et'-i-fi). To transform into vinegar. Acetimeter, Acetimetric, Acetimetry. See Acet-
ometer ; Acetometry (Illus. Diet.) ; Acetometric. Acetis [ah-se'-tis) [L.]. See Acetite. Acetite (as'-et-lt). I. An acetate. 2. See Mannitan
Diacetatc. Acetmethylanilid (as-et-nieth-il-an' -il-id). .Same as
Exafym (Illus. Diet.). Acetoacetate [as-et-o-as'-et-dt). A salt of aeetoacetic
acid. Aeetoacetic Esters. CH, . CO . CHj . COjR. Liquids
possessing an ethereal odor, produced by the action of
metallic sodium upon acetic esters ; they dissolve with
difficulty in water and can be distilled without decom- position. Acetoarsenite {as-et-o-ar'-sen-it]. A salt composed of
an acetate and an arsenite of the same base. Acetobenzidin (as-et-o-ben'-zid-in). See Benzidin
(IlUis. Diet.). Acetobromid {as-et-o-brom'-id). An acetic-acid salt in
which part of the hydrogen of the acid radicle has been
replaced by bromin. Acetocaustin [as-et-o-kaws'-iin). A 50% solution of
trichloracetic acid ; it is used as a caustic for corns. Acetochlorid (as-et-o-ilor'-id). A salt composed of an
acetate and a chlorid of the same base. Acetodibromoxalid [as-et-o-di-brom-ois'-al-id). See
Xylidin (Illus. Diet.). Acetoglycocoll (as-ct-o-gli'-io-kol).
CH2<J-,. ii * ' ' A substance resembling a mon- obasic acid, obtained from the action of aeetylehlorid on glycocoU silver and of acetamid on monochloraeetic acid; it is soluble in alcohol, melts at 206° C. Syn., Acetamidoaccticacid ; Accttiric acid ; Glycocineacetyl.
AcetoglycoUate (as-et-o-gli' -kol-at'). A salt of aceto- glycollic acid.
Acetoguanamin (as-et-o-gwan'-am-iii). See Melhyl- guanamiu (Illus. Diet.).
Acetoiodid (as-et-o-i'-od-id). A double .salt containing the acetate and iodid of the same radicle.
PLCelQ\(as'-cl-ol). I. See Acetylcarbincl. 2. A remedy for toothache, said to consist of acetic acid, 8.46'^ ; alum, 3.07% ; water, 88.5^, with a small proportion of essential oils of sage, clove, and peppermint.
Acetolactate (as-et-o-lak'-tal). A salt of acetolactic acid.
Acetolic, Acetolicum (as-ef -ol-ik, as-el-ol'-ii-um). Prepared with vinegar.
Acetoluid (as-et-ol'-u-id). See Tolylacetainid.
Acetomel (as-ef -o-mel). See Oxymel [XWwi. Diet.).
Acetometric (as-et-o-mef -rick). Pertaining to acetom- etry; acetimetric.
Aceton. i. .See Acetone (Illus. Diet.). 2. A pro- prietarv- remedy for headache and influenza.
Acetonal (ai-t'/'-oH-ff/). Aluminium and sodium acetate.
Acetonamins (as-el-on-am'-ins). A series of basic substances obtained by the action of ammonia on acetone.
Acetonasthma (as-et-on-az'-mab) [^aceton: asthma']. Attacks of dyspnea similar to uremic asthma, accom- panied with restlessness, headache, nausea, vomiting, transient amaurosis, and acetonuria, apparently in con- nection with the last.
Acetonate 1 as-el'-on-al). A salt of acetonic acid.
Acetone, Aceton. (See Illus. Diet.) Syn., Mesitic alcohol: Mesityl alcohol : Methyl acetyl : Acetylmethyl. It is used as an anesthetic and anthelmintic. Dose, 15-20 n^,. A.chloroform, ilO . C( CH3).^CCl3, a compound formed by the addition of potash to equal
ACETOXIN
ACETYL
weights of acetone and chloroform. It occurs as white crystals sparingly soluble in water, more freely in alcohol and glycerin. Its Ifc aqueous solution is called Atusoti. It is used as a hypnotic and anesthetic. Dose, 15-20 gr. Syn., Chloietom ; Trichhrlcr- tiary butyl alcohol ; Triihlorpsettdobutyl alcohol. A.diethylsulfon. See 5«j^/io«rt/ ( Illus. Diet.). A., Monochlorated, C3H3CIO, a colorless liquid having a pungent odor obtained by chlorinating acetone. It has a sp. gr. 1 1 . 1 62 at 1 6° C. ; boils at 1 19° C. ; miscible in alcohol, ether, and chloroform ; insoluble in water. A.phenylhydrazon, (CH3)2C : NjHCjH^, one of the nitrogen derivatives of the ketone. It melts at 16° C. and boils at 165° C. (91 mm.). A.resorcin, CjjHigOj -\- HjO, a combination of resorcin with acetone and fuming hydrochloric acid added hot. It occurs in small anhydrous prisms, soluble in alkaline solutions, insoluble in water, alcohol, ether, and chloroform. It melts at 2I2°-2I3° C. It is used as resorcin.
Acetonin (as-ef -on-iii). I. A body produced by the action of ammonia on acetone. 2. Dehydrotriaceton- amin [ij. z\ ).
Acetonitrate (iii-il-o-ni'-tral). A double salt, the ace- tate and iodid of the same radicle.
Acetonitril (ns-tZ-o-ni'-tril ). CH3 . CX or CjHjX'. A liquid having an agreeable odor, prepared by dis- tilling acetamid with Fj^s- ^^ ™^y ^'^" ^^ produced from prussic acid and diazomethane. It melts at — 41° C, boils at 81.6° C, and has a sp. gr. of 0.789 (15° C. ). Syn., A/clhyl cytiniJ : Ethannitril.
P>.ze.Xany\\ai-et'-on-it). CH, — CO — CH,. A univ- alent radicle obtained from acetone by taking away one atom of hydrogen.
Acetoorthoamidochinolin {as-ct-o-or-tho-am-id-o-kin' ■ cl-iii). CoHgX^NHCHjCO). A colorless, crystalline compound supposed to have antipyretic properties. It melts at 102.5° C.
Acetophenetidin (as-el-o-fcii-ft'-iJ-in). See Phenacetin (Illus. Diet.).
Acetophenoneorthooxyquinolin (as-et-o-fen-on-ortho- oks-f-huin'-ol-in). CjHjXO . CH, . CO . C5H5, abase obtained by interaction between a halogen compound of acetophenone and orthoquinolin in the presence of sol- vents and an alkali. It forms well-defined salts, is soluble in volatile solvents, melts at 130° C. It is said to have hypnotic and antineuralgic properties ; is odor- less, tasteless, and nonirritating.
Acetophenonphenetidin {as-el-o-fcn-on-fe-nel'-id-iti). A condensation-product of acetophenone and para- phenetidin. A. Citrate,
•-s^'^-N =C(CH3)(C5H5) . H3C, lemon-yellow needles, soluble in ether and hot alcohol, insoluble in water ; melts at 88° C. It is antipyretic and antineuralgic. Dose, 0.5-1 gm. (8-15 gr. ). Syn., Malarin.
Acetopropionate [as-tt-o-pro-pi'-on-at ). A salt of acetopropionic acid.
Acetopyrin, Acetopyrina {as-et-o-pi'-riiiy -ah). A mixture ol antipyrin and acetyl salicylic acid occurring as a whitish cr)'slalline powder soluble with difficulty in cold water, ether, and petroleum ether, readily soluble in warm water, alcohol, chloroform, and warm toluol. It is antipyretic. Dose, 7 gr. 6 times daily. Syn., Antipyrin acctylsalicylatc. A. Acetosalicylate, antipyretic, analgesic, sedative ; employed in influenza, bronchitis, rheumatic headache, sciatica, hemicrania, and acute articular rheumatism.
Acetorthoamidotoluol. See Acetorthotoluid.
Acetorthotoluid {as-et-or-tho-tol'-u-id). C5H,(CH3) XH . COCH3, or CjH,, . XO. AntipyTetic, colorless.
acicular crystals, slightly soluble in water. Soluble in alcohol and ether, melting at 107° C. and boiling at 296° C. Dose, 0.1-0.3 gni- (yViS g^O- %"•> Acetorthoamidotoluol ; Ortho-tolylacelainid.
Acetose [as'-et-oz). See Acetous (Illus. Diet.).
Acetosity (as-ct-os'-e-t^). The state of being acetous or sour ; sourness, acidity.
Acetosodacetate (as-el-o-sod-cis'-et-at). An acetoace- tate in which an atom of hydrogen is replaced by an atom of sodium.
Acetosodethylacetate {as-et-o-sod-eth-il-as'-et-at). An acetoacetale in which 2 atoms of hydrogen are replaced by an atom of sodium and a molecule of ether.
Acetospirin [as-et-o-spi'-rin). See Acopyrin.
Acetosuccinate (as-et-o-sui'-si/idt). A double salt of acetic acid and succinic acid.
Acetosulfid i^as-nl-o-sul'-fid). A double salt composed of an acetate and a sulfid of the same base.
Acetosyl (as-tl'-o-sit). See ^<v/i'/ (Illus. Diet.).
Acetotoluid [as-ct-o-tol'-u-id). See Tolylacetamid.
Acetoxyl (as-et-oks'-il). See Acetyl (Illus. Diet.). A.- amid. See AcetamiJ {\\\-as. Diet.). A. Hydrate. See Acid, Acetic (Illus. Diet.).
Acetoyl \as-et'-o-il). See Acetyl (\\\\i%. Diet.).
Acetozone (as-et'-o-zdn). See Benzoylacetylperoxid.
Acetparaamidosalol (as-el-par-ah-am-id-o-sal'-ol). See Salphen (Illus. Diet.).
Acetparamidotoluol [as-el-par-am-id-o-iol'-u-ot). Same as Acetparatoluid.
Acetparaphenetidin (as-el-par-a-fe-net'-id-in). Same as Phenacetin (Illus. Diet.).
Acetparatoluid {ai-el-par-a-tol' -u-id). CjH,,NO. An- tipyretic, colorless crystals, slightly soluble in water, moderately soluble in alcohol ; melts at 149° C. Dose, 1-2 gm. (15-30 gr.). Syn., Acelparamido- tolttol : Paratolvlacetatnid.
Acetphenetidin [as-et-fe-net'-id-in). See Phenacetin (Illus. Diet.).
Acettoluid (as-et-tol'-ti-id). See Tolylacetamid.
Acetyl. (See Illus. Diet.) Syn., Acetosyl ; Acetoyl ; Accto.ryl : Othyl. A. Anhydrid. Stt Acetic Anhy- drid. A. benzene. See Acetophenone (IWus. Diet.). A.bioxydamid. See Acetamid (Illus. Diet. ). A. Bromid, CjH3BrO, a reaction-product of acetic acid with phosphorus pentabroniid ; it is a fuming liquid which turns yellow in the air; boils at 81° C. It is used as a reagent. A.carbinol, CH, . CO. CHjOH, a saturated ketol produced by the action of water and barium carbonate upon chloraceton, also by fusing cane- and grape-sugar with caustic potash. It is a colorless oil withafeeble, peculiar odor; boils at 145°-! 50° C. Syn., Pvroracentic alcohol ; Aceton alcohol ; Oxyaceton ; Sfethylketol ; Acetol. A. Chlorid, CjHjClO, a reaction- product of acetic acid with phosphorus trichlorid ; it is a colorless, highly refracting fuming liquid ; sp. gr. 1 . 1305 at 0° C. ; boils at 55° C. It is used as a reagent. A.ethoxyurethane. See Thermcdin (Illus. Diet.). A.ethylphenylhydrazin, Ci^H^jX.O,, colorless needles obtained by heating a solution of ethylene- phenylhydrazin with an excess of acetic anhydrid. It is recommended as an antipyretic. .Syn., Phenylhydraz- inacetylethyl. A.formyl. See Aldehyd, Pyroracemic. A. Hydrate, acetic acid. A. Hydrid. Same as Acetic Aldehyd. See under Aldehyd (Illus. Diet.). A. Iodid, CjHjOI, a reaction-product of acetic acid with iodin and phosphorus ;' it is a brown fuming liquid ; sp. gr. 1.98 at 17° C. ; boils at io5°-lo8° C. A.isocy- anid, (CjHjO) — X=C, a liquid in its simple form, but capable of polymerization as a crystalline solid. It boils at 93° C. Syn., Acetic isocyanid: Cyanacetyl. A.isoeugenol, the direct antecedent of vanillin in the manufacture of the synthetic product, and is used
ACETYLITE
23
ACHROMATOPSIA
as a substitute for vanillin. A.leukomethylene- blue. A colorless form of melhyleiie-blue Un internal use. A. methyl. See Ace/oiu (Illus. Diet. i. A.naph- thalin, A.onaphthalene. See Attiiaphllune (Illus. Diet). A. Oxid. i^sivne ^s Acflic AnhyJri,/. A.para- amidophenylsalicylate. See Salopli n {\\\ms. Diet.). A.-paraethoxyphenylurethane. See Thtrmodin t Illus. Diet.). A.phenylhydrazid, A.phenylhy- drazin. Same as Hvdracetin (Illus, Diet.). A.- tannin, a grayish-yellow, slightly hygroscopic, odor- less, tasteless powder, soluble in alcohol, dilute so- dium phosphate, s. carbonate, or s. borate ; slightly soluble in hot water and ether ; insoluble in cold water ; melting at 190° C. It is an astringent and is used internally in chronic diarrhea. E.xternally, it is used in chronic pharyngitis. Dose, 3-7 '2 grs. (0.2- o. 5 gm. ). Application 3 ^ solution in 5 fc .sodium phos- phate. Maximum dose, 60 grs. (39 gm.) daily. Syn. , Tannigen. A. thymol, CjjHuO,, a colorless antisep- tic liquid with a pungent taste having a specific gravity of 1.009 at 0° C. and boiling at 244.4° C. Syn., Thymyl acetate. A.tribromsalol, fine, white acicular crystals which melt at 108.5° ; insoluble in water, soluble in alcohol Syn., Corjyl. A.urethane. See Urtt'ianr (Illus. Diet.).
Acetylite (as-et'-il-li). A salt of acetylcus acid.
Acetylization [as-et-ii-i-za^-shiin). The act of combin- ing with or producing compounds of acetic acid or acetyl.
Ache. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. To be afifected with pain.
Acheilus [a/i-ti'-lus) [«, priv. ; ;i;Ef/.of, a lip]. A per- son affected with acheilia.
Acheir (fzA'-^/;-) [«, priv. ; ,vf ''p» t^e hand] . I. Acheir- ous. 2. Said of fishes lacking pectoral fins.
Achilleate iakil-e'-at). A salt of achilleic acid.
Achillein, Achilleinum {ak-il-e'-in, -i'-num). C^qHjs- XjtJjj. A glucosid, obtained from AchilUa milUfo- liiiin and A. moschata. It occurs as a brownish-red, amorphous mass of a strongly bitter taste, soluble in water, less soluble in alcohol, insoluble in ether. It is stated ( Pappi ) that divided doses up to 30-75 grains cause marked irregularity of the pulse.
Achilleius (ai-il-li'-us). The tendo Achillis.
Achilles-jerk. See Jerk.
Achilletin uik-il'-et-in). C„H,;XO,. A dark, red- dish-brown powder, .soluble with difficulty in alcohol, insoluble in water, obtained with sugar from achillein by continued boiling in dilute sulfuric acid.
Achillobursitis {ak-ilo-biir-si'-lis) [AehiUes-teiidon ; tuna, a purse]. Inflammation of the bursas lying approximate to the .Achilles-tendon.
Achillorrhaphy (ak-it-or'-af-e) {^AchilUs-tendon ; poor/, suture]. Suture of the Achilles-tendon ; practised by C. Bayer instead of achillotomy for the sake of lengthening the tendon. This is exposed, the length divided in half, the upper end of one side, the lower end of the other, cut across, and both the cut surfaces united by a suture.
Achillotenotomy (ai-il-o-ten-oi'-o-me). Same as Achil- ht^'ffiy.
Achillotomy {ak-il-ot'-o-mc) \^Achil!ts-tendon ; riuveiv, to cut]. The subcutaneous division of the Achilles- tendon.
Achilus [a/i-ki'-liis) [n, priv. ; xi'o^, green fodder]. I. Deficient in nourishment. 2. [«, very ; Xt'^or, green fodder] Abundantly nourished. 3. [u, priv. ; ^i;ff/-or, a lip] Lacking lips (see Aiheilits).
Achlorhydria (ah-ktor-hi' -dre-ali) [n, priv. ; \'/up6(,, green; viup, water]. A lack of hydrochloric acid in the gastric secretion.
Achne. (See Illus. Diet.) 3. Froth; frothy sputum.
Acholia. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. Any condition ob-
structing the escape of the bile into the small intestine. 3. Asiatic cholera. 4. A mild temperament. A., Pigmentary, that in which there is a deficiency of the bile, lack of color in the feces, but no jaundice.
Acholic. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. Able to cure jaimdice. 3. Due to acholia.
Acholuria (ah-kol-u'-re-ah) [u, priv. ; ,vo/.j/, bile ; ovpov, urine]. The absence of bile pigment in the urine.
Acholuric {ah-kol-u'-rik). Relating to acholuria.
Achor. (See Illus. Diet. ) ?!\n.. Tinea; Tinea mueif- tiia : Sordes capitis. A. barbatus. See Sycosis (Illus. Diet.). A. favosus. See Favtis (Illus. Diet.). A. granulatus, that forrainga crust with a granular appear- ance. Svn., Tinea grannlata : Intpttigo a granulatis. A. in facie, incrusted eczema of the face. A. lac- tuminosus, A. larvalis, A. larvatus. See A. in facie. A. mucifluus, I. Favus. 2. Eczema char- acterized by a mucous discharge. A. mucosus. See A. mucifluus. A. scutellatus. See Seborrhcea sicca (Illus. Diet.).
Achores. PI. ol Achor. A. capitis. See Scabies cap- itis.
Achoria [ah-kor' -e-ah') [L.]. See Achoresis.
Achoresis [ah-kor-e'-sis) [n, priv. ; x^P^'^^ to make room; pi., ackoreses']. Grossi's term for the dimin- ished capacity of a hollow organ, as of the bladder. Syn., Achoria. Cf. Stenochoria.
Achras {ak'-ras) [a.vp«C, the wild pear]. A genus of arboraceous plants of the order Sapotaceir. A. sapota, Linn. \j:ochitzapott, Mex.], the Sapodilla plum ; a species indigenous to South .America. The fruit is edible, sweet, cloying ; said to be beneficial in strangury. The seeds are laxative and diuretic ; they are exhibited in emulsion in cases of gravel and renal colic. The bitter astringent bark (corte.x Jamaicensis) has been used as a substitute for cinchona bark. The bark and seeds yield the glucosid sapotin. The sap yields chicle gum.
Achroacytosis [ah-kro-ak-si-lo'-sis) [axpoitv, to be col- orless ; KvTOf;, cell]. Abnormal development of lymph- cells.
Achroiocytosis [ah-kroi-o-si-lo'-sis). Same as Achro- acytosis.
Achroma. (See Illus. Diet.) Syn., Achromasia ; .-Ichrotnatia ; Achioinatosis ; Achrontodermia ; Leu- koderma. A. vitiligo. See Vitiligo.
Achromacyte (ak-kro'-ma-sit ) [a, priv. ; ;tfp(Juo, color ; niroc, cell]. A degenerated, decolorized erythrocyte, a *• phantom '' or shadow corpuscle ; also called Pon- fick's sliado-M corpuscles, Bizzozero' s blood-platelets, Ilavcm^ 5 corpuscles or liematoblasts.
Achromatia [alt-kro-ma'-she-ali). See Achroma (Illus. Diet.).
Achromatic. (See Illus. Diet. ) 2. Relating to achro- matin. A. Spindle. See Nuclear Spindle (Illus. Diet.).
Achromaticity {ah-kro-mat-is'-it-e). The state of being achromatic.
Achromatistous {ah-kro-mat-is'-tus) [a vpuudnorof , uncolored]. Deficient or unhealthy in color (as in cachexia ) .
Achromatization {ak-kro-mat-iz-a'-shun). The act or process of rendering achromatic.
Achromatize {ali-kro'-mat-iz). To render achromatic.
Achromatophile [ak-kro-mat'-o-fil) [a, priv. ; xpijua, color ; (fuxLv, to love]. I. Showing no affinity for stains. 2. A microbe or histologic element which does not stain readily.
Achromatopsia, Achromatopsy. (See Illus. Diet. ) A., Partial, a form in which only one pair of colors, which to the normal eye are complementary, appear gray or white. A., Total, that in which all the colors
ACHROMATOPSIS
24
ACID
appear as white or gray. Cf. Acyanoblepsia, Anerylhrop- iui, Chromatodysopsia, Dallonismus, Xaulhocyanopsia.
Achromatopsis (ti/i-k)o->iiai-op'-sis). Color-blindness ; aclironiatopsia.
Achroinatosis. (See lUus. Diet.) A. acquisita, ac- quired achromatosis. Cf. Vitiligo and Ciuiities pn- maliira. A. congenitalis, congenital achromatosis. Cf. .Vbinisiiius and Poliosis,
Achromaturia (afi-i-ro-iiui-tu'-ri-ah) [o, priv. ; ,v/'"/'"> color ; iiifiiir, urine]. A colorless state of the urine.
Achronizoic \ah-l;roti'-c-zo-ik) [n, priv. ; xpovt^civ, to hold out]. A term applied to drugs which are inca- pable of remaining unchanged for any length of time.
Achroodectin i^ah-kro-o-Jek' -tin") [uj/'onf , colorless ; ii>K,taHai, to receive]. A carbohydrate obtained from the mucin of snails. Syn. , Ac/irooi;/yiogen.
Achrooglycogen (^ih-kro-o-gli'-ko-jen). ^te. Achroodtc- tiii.
Achroous {ah'-kro-iis'). Devoid of color. See Achro- tnatistotis,
Achylia. (See Illus. Diet.) A. gastrica, Einhorn's term for a condition of the stomach marked by destruc- tion of the glandular structures with resulting ab.sence of chyme, ferment, and even mucus ; called anadenia gastrica by P-wald.
Achymous (,ih-ki'-mus) [o, priv.; ^i'/iof, chyme]. I. Deficient in chyme. 2. Achylic.
Achyranthes. (See Illus. Diet.) A. aspera, Linn., a shrub of India, where the seeds, flowers, and leaves are esteemed in the treatment of hydrophobia, snake- bites, ophthalmia, and cutaneous diseases. A. fruti- cosa. Lam., same distribution and uses as the fore- going species.
Aciamid (ns-i'-am-id) [ncid ; amid']. A body formed on the ammonia type, but possessing an acid character.
Acibromid (as-c-l'ro'-mid). See Oxybromid.
Acichlorid {as-e-klor'-id). See Oxychlorid.
Aciculate (as-ik'-ii-/at) [aciis, a needle]. Needle- shaped; acicular, aciculiform, acitbrm.
Aciculiform [as-ik-u'-U-form). See Aciculate.
Acid. I See Illus. Diet.) 2. Sour. 3. Possessing the chemical properties or exhibiting the reaction of an acid. A., Abietinic. Same as A., Al>ietic (Illus. Diet.). A., Absinthic, an acid obtained by Braconnot from wonnwood ; it is said to be identical with succinic acid. A., Acetosulfuric. See.-/., TJtioacctic. A., Acetyl- formic. .Same as A., Pyruvic (Illus. Diet.). A., Acetylsalicylic. See Aspirin. A., Achilleic, an acid obtained from .IchU'ca millcfoliuiii, identical with aconilic acid. A., Adenylic, a primary* nucleinic acid obtained from animal glands and supposed by Kossel to contain only adenin as a nucleinic base, but now known to contain also guanin and a third basic substance termed cytosiii. A., Adhatodic, an acid found ill combination with an alkaloid, -■usiciii, in Ad- hatoda vasica (</. t.). A., Agaric, A., Agaricinic. Sa.niea^A.,Agaricic (Illus. Diet. ). A., Ailanthic, A., Ailantic, a bitter nitrogenous acid isolated from the bark of Ailanthtis cxceisa. Said to possess medicinal virtue. A., Alantic. See .-/., Ataiithic (Illus. Diet.).
A. s. Alcohol, C„Hjo<^„p^ „ monobasic acids having
t e properties of the monohydric alcohols. They are distinguished as primary, secondary, and tertiary accord- ing as they contain, in addition to the carbo.wl group, the group — CH.OH, the radicle =CHOH, or the group=C . OH. Svn., Oxvacids, Hydroxvfallv acids. Cf. A., C/i<-i.///<- (Illus. Diet.). A.s, Aldehyd, bodies which combine the properties of a carboxylic acid and of an aldehyd. Cf. A., Formic (Illus. Diet.). A., Aliphatic. Same as A.. Fatty. A., Alizaric, A., Alizarinic. See A., Phthahc (Illus. Diet.). A.,
Alkali. Same as Amido-acid. A., Allantoic, I. CjIIgX^O^. A monobasic crystalline acid obtained from allantoin by the addition of the elements of a mole- cule of water. 2. A name formerly given to allantoin under the belief that it was a true acid. A., AUantu- ric, CgH^NjOg, obtained from allantoin cm warming with baiyta- water or with Pb(Jj and by oxidation of hy- dantoin. Syn. , Lantanuric acid. A., Allituric, C5H5- NjO,, yellowish-white crystals, soluble with difficulty in water, obtained from alloxantin by treating it with hydrochloric acid. A., Allomaleic. Same as A., Fiimaric. A., Aloetic, A., Aloetinic,C,jH,NjO|D, a yellow amorphous powder, soluble in alcohol and slightly in water, obtained from aloes by action of nitric acid; it explodes on heating. Syn., Tctraiiitroaiit/ira- qitition : Polychromic acid ; Aiog purple ; Artificial bitter of aloes ; Aloitinic acid. A.,Aloitinic. See.'/., Aloetic. A. of Amber. See A., Succinic (Illus. Diet.). A., Ambreic, an acid obtained from ambrein by action of nitric acid with heat. A., Amic, any one of a class of nitrogenized acids produced by the substitution of amidogen (NHj) for a hydroxyl mole- cule in the acid characteristic of a polybasic acid. A., Amidacetic. See Glycin (Illus. Diet.). A., Amid- isethionic. See Tauriii (Illus. Diet.). A., Amido-. See under .Imidoacid (Illus. Diet.). A., Amidobar- bituric. Same as L'ramil (XWm. Diet.). A., Amido- caproic. See Leucin (Illus. Diet. ). A., Amidoethyl- enlactic. See &;■/« (Illus. Diet.). A., Amidoethyl- sulfonic. Same as TIhw/h (Illus. Diet. ). A., Amido- glutaric. See^., Glutamic. A., Amidoglycollic. .See Glycin (Illus. Diet.). A., Amidohydracrylic. See Serin (Illus. Diet.). A., Amidoisethionic. .See Taurin (Illus. Diet.). A., «-Amidoisobutyla- cetic. Same as Leucin (Illus. Diet.). A., Amido- lactic. .See Alanin (Illus. Diet.). A., Amido- oxyethylsulfonic. Same as Taurin (Illus. Diet.). A.,<i-Amidopropionic. Same as^/<;«/« (Illus. Diet.). A., Amidopyrotartaric. See A., Glutamic. A., Amidosuccinic. See y-/., .^.v/ii»//V (Illus. Diet.). A., Amidosulfethylic. See Taurin (Illus. Diet.). A., a-Amidothiolactic. Same as Cystein. (Illus. Diet.). A., Aminoethan. -See Glycin (Illus. Diet.). A., Ammonchelidonic. See A., Chelidonaniic. A., Amniotic. See Allantoin (Illus. Diet.). A., Amyg- dalic, C,,j,H.jpOj3, a crvslalline acid obtained from amygdalin by action of alkalies. A., Amylic. .See A., Valeric {IWui. Diet.). A., Anacardiac, C,,!!.,.^- O3, a tetratomic acid obtained by .Stadler from the frail o{ Anacardium occidcntale (cashev: nut), occur- ring in white, radiating, inflammable crystals, with aro- matic, slightly burning taste, soluble in alcohol and ether, insoluble in water, melts at 26° C. It is used as an anthelmintic in the form of ammonium anacar- date. A., Anchoic. Same as A., Azelaic. A., An- chusic. .See Alkunnin (Illus. Diet.). A., Anhy- drosulfaminbenzoic. See Succliarin (Illus. Diet.). A., Anhydrous. See .•/w/rciV/i/ (Illus. Diet.). A., Anilic. See A., Jl/ononitrosalicylic. A., Anilotic, A., Anilotinic, CjHjXOj+HjO, colorless needles soluble in alcohol and ether and slightly .soluble in water, melting at 125° C. It is an oxidation product of salicin or salicylic acid by action of nitric acid. Syn., fi-Xitrosalicylic acid. A., Animal, an acid characteristic of or obtained from animal tissues or products. A., Anisuric, C,„H,,\Oj, an acid formed by the action of anisyl chlorid on the silver compound of glycocoll ; it also occurs in the urine after the in- gestion of anise. A., Anisylous. See Aldehyd, Anisic (Illus. Diet.). A., Anthemic, A., Anthe- midic, an acid found by Pattone in the bloom of An- Ihemis cotula, L., and A. arvinsis, L. It forms silky
ACID
25
ACID
needles in taste and odor resembling chamomile. It is soluble in water, alcohol, chloroform, and ether. A., Antimonous, Anhydrous. Same as An- timonv Oxuiy A}itimc}ioii3. A., Antirrhinic, a volatile acid existing in the leaves of Di;^italis pur- purea; it resembles valerianic acid. A., Antitartaric. See A., Mesotartaric. A. of Ants, formic acid. A., Apocrenic, Berzelius' term for a brown amorphous substance obtained from the sediment of chalybeate waters. A., Apple, A. of Apples. See A., Malic (Illus. Diet. ). A., Arabinic. .Same as.J/i7^/« l Illus. Diet. ). A., Arachic, A., Arachidic, A., Arachinic, Cj^H^Oj ^ CjjHjg . COOH, a monobasic fatty acid obtained from oil of peanut, Arac/iis hypogiia ; it forms smooth, shining laminas, with pearly luster, sol- uble in alcohol and ether, melting at 75.5° C. A., Argentic, silver monoxid. A., Aromatized Fatty. .Same as A., Aromatic (Illus. Diet. ;. A., Arsenious, Vitreous, the vitreous mass obtained by the resubli- mation of the " flowers of arsenic" obtained by sub- liming arsenical pyrite. Cf. Arsenic G/ass, ll7iite. A., Arsenous. Same as A., Arsenious (\\\us. Diet.). A., Arsinic, any one of a class of acids formed by the oxidation of arsines or arsonium compounds. Cf. A.^ Dimethyltirsinic. A., Arsenic. .See A., Arsinic. A., Artanthic, a crystalline acid obtained by Mar- cotle from niatico, the leaves of Pipe-- angusttfolium. A., Arthanitic. See Cyclamin. A., Arvic [L. anum, tilled soil], an acid obtained from garden-soil. A., Aseptic, an antiseptic solution consisting of an aque- ous solution of 5 gm. of boric acid in 1000 gm. of hydrogen peroxid (1.5%); 3 gm. of salicylic acid may be added. A., Asparagic, A., Asparaginic. Same as A., Asparlic (Illus. Diet.). A., Asparamic. See A., Aspartic (Illus. Diet.). A., Aspartic, In- active, NHjCjHjiCOjH)^, formed by heating aspar- tic acid with water or with alcoholic ammonia to 140*^- 150° C, or with HCl to i7o°-l8o° C. Syn., Aspara- ceiiiic acid. A., Avivitellinic, the paranuclein constitu- ent of ovovitellin. A., Avorninic, an acid obtained by Kubly from the decomposition of avornin, said to be identical with frangulinic acid. A., Axinic, C,gII,jO, (?), a saponification product of axin occurring as a brownish oily substance. A., Azelaic, A., Aze- lainic, C,H,^0,, an oxidation product of oleic acid, Chinese wax, castor oil, or cocoanut oil ; it occurs in thin plates, soluble in water, alcohol, and in ether, melts at I06°-I07° C. and boils at 360° C. Syn., Anclioic acid: Lepiirgylic acid ; Azelic acid; Azeloinic acid. A., Azelic. .Same as A., Azelaic. A., Azeloinic. See A., .Azelaic. A., Azocarbonic. See A., Picric (Illus. Diet.). A., Azoleic. See A., Enanlhylic (Illus. Diet). A, Baldrianic. See ^4., Valeric ( Illus. Diet. 1. A.. Beni;. See .4., Belienic, Table of Fatty Acids {\\\ai.Vi\a.\. A., Benzamic. See.-/., Aniidobenzoic (Illus. Diet.). A., Benzamid- acetic. A., Benzamidocetic. See .-/., Ilippuric (Illus. Diet.). A., Benzenetetracarbonic. See A., Prehnitic (Illus. Diet.!. A., Bibasic. See .icids. Dibasic, under Acids (Illus. Diet.). A., Bilianic, C^jHjjOg, a tribasic acid obtained after dehydrocholalic acid by the oxidation of cholalic acid. A.s, Biliary, those obtained front bile. See A., Chenotauroc/tolic ; A., Glvcocholic ; .-/., liyo- glycocholic : A., Hvotaurocholic : .-/., Taiirocholic . A., Bilicholinic. See A.. C/ioleic. A., Biliful- vic. Same as Bilifulvin (Illus. Diet.). A., Bili- rubinic. Same as Bilirubin flllus. Diet. i. A., Biliverdinic, CgH,,NO,, an oxidation product ob- tained by Kiister from biliverdin. A., Blattic. See Anliiiydropin ( Illus. Diet. ) and Taracanin. A., Boletic. See A.^ Fumaric. A., Boracic. Same
as A., Boric. A. of Borax, orthoboric acid. A., Borocitric, a combination of boro-acids and citric acids forming a white powder which is used as a sol- vent for urates and phosphates in urinary calculi, gout, etc. Dose, 0.3-1.3 gm. (5-20 gr.). A.,Borophen- ylic, CjH^BOj, obtained by the action of phosphorus oxychlorid upon a mixture of boric acid and phenol. It is an antiseptic white powder with a mild aromatic taste, not easily soluble in water, melting at 204° C. It is fatal to lower forms'of life, but does not affect the higher forms ; phenylboric acid. A., Borosalicylic, B(OH)(OCjH, . COjH),, a combination of boric and salicylic acids in molecular proportion. It is used ex- ternally instead of salicylic acid. A., Botulinic, Buchner's name for the active principle of poisonous sausage, now known to be a toxic albuminose known as botulismustoxin, the product of Bacillus botulinus. Van Ermengem. A., Brazilic. See Brasilin (Illus. Diet.). A., Brom-, one in which bromin has replaced one or more atoms of hydrogen in the acid radicle. A., Bromacetic. See A., Monobroniacetic. A., Bromhydric, hydrobromic acid. A., Bursic, A., Bursinic, a yellow hygroscopic mass obtained from an aqueous extract of Capsella bursa-pastoris by the action of lead acetate and ammonia and evaporating. Its aqueous solution is used as ergotin hypodermically, and also internally. A., Butic, A., Butinic. See A., Arachidic. A., Cacodylic. 'iee A., Dimethyl- arsenic. A., Cahincic, A.,Caincic. See Cahincin. A., Calumbic, CjjHjiO;, a yellow amorphous con- stituent of calumba, the root of Jateorhiza columba, found by Bodeker ; it is soluble in alcohol and alka- line solutions, nearly insoluble in water. A., Cam- bogie, Cj|,HjjO,, the red-yellow acid resin obtained from gamboge ; soluble in alcohol and ether. A., Camphoglycuronic, Cj^HjiOg, an acid found by Schmiedeberg and Meyer in urine after the ingestion of camphor. There are 2 isomerids, a- and 3-cam- phoglyctironic acids, the first of which is levorotary. The action of dilute acids converts them into glycu- ronic acid and campherol. A., Carballylic. See A.,Tricarballylic. A., Carbocinchomeronic. See A. , Pyridintricarboxylic . A., Carbolic, Camphor- ated, a mixture of carbolic acid I part and camphor 3 parts. A., Carbolic, Chlorinated. See Trichlor- phenol (Illus. Diet.). A., Carbolic, Iodized, a solu- tion of 20 parts of iodin in 76 parts of carbolic acid with the addition of 4 parts of glycerin. It is used as an antiseptic and escharotic. A., Carbolsulfuric, a mix- ture of equal parts of cnide carbolic acid and concen- trated sulfuric acid. It is used as a disinfectant in z^c 103'?^ solution. A., Carbonaceous. See Carbon Dio.xid. A., Carnic, CjdHjjNjOj, a sulfurfree com- pound resembling antipeptone obtained by Siegfried from milk and muscles. It is soluble in water and warm alcohol and gives several crystalline salts. AMiether it is a physiologic constituent of muscle or only an elaboration product is unsettled. A., Caseic, 1. Lactic acid {q. v.). 2. Of Proust — shown by Bra- connot to be a modification of acetic acid combined with an acrid oil. A., Catechinic, A., Catechuic. See Catechin (Illus. Diet.). A., Catechuinic, a decom- position product of catechin by action of caustic pot- ash. A., Catechutannic, C|5ll„f\ (J. Lowe), red- dish-brown lumps, .scales, or powder extracted from Acacia catechu, Willd., by water. It is soluble in alcohol and slightly in water and is used as an astrin- gent. Ferric salts color it a dirty green. A., Cathartic. Same as A., Gz/Zwr/w/V (Illus. Diet.). A., Cerasinic. See Cerasin (Illu-s. Dict.l. A., Cerebric, \'auquelin and I'remy's name for impure cerebrin. A. of Chalk, A., Clialky, carbonic acid.
ACID
26
ACID
A., Chamber, crude dilute sulfuric acid found in the lead clianibcis in the formation of sulluric acid from sulfur. A. -characteristic, tlie replaceable hydro- gen and the elenients immediately hound to it in the molecule of an acid, as the CO. Oil of organic acitls. A., Chelidamic. Same as A., ChdiJoitamii. A., Chelidonamic, CjlKNOg, an acid derived from chcl- idonic acid by heating with ammonia. Syn., Chili- damuacid; Aminoiu/u-lidoiiic acid. A., Chelidoninic, an acid isolated from C/u/iduniiiiit iimjiis by Zwenger, but believed to be identical with succinic acid. A., Chenocholalic, A.,Chenocholic, C.^;Hj,0,, a yellow- ish powder or amorphous mass, soluble in alcohol and ether, obtained from taurochenocholic acid of goose bile by boiling with baryta-water. A., Chenotaurocholic, CjjH^.jNSOj, an indistinctly crystalline acid found in goose-bile, of which it is the most important biliary acid ; it is soluble in water and alcohol. Syn., Taiiro- chciiocliolic iiiid. A., Chinic. See^., Qiiinic \\\\\x%. Diet.). A.,Chinovic. See .4., Quiiioiii-. A.,Chloro- phenic. See C/;/<«'(i/'/;iv/tf/(lllus. Diet.). A., Chloro- phenisic. See7/7V/;/«;/i/;c«.'/(Illus. Diet.). A.,Chlor- ophenylic, A., Chlorphenylic. See CJiIorf'liiiiol (lllus. Diet ). A., Chlorrhodic, A., Chlorrhodinic, a compound of rhodimii scsijuioxid with chlorin ; it is said to be formed in the decomposition of pus. A., Choleic, C2,H|||(),| (Lassar-Cohn), a cholalic acid named by Lat.schinoff which always occurs in small amount in ox-bile, and is probably identical with des- oxycholalic acid. On oxidation choleic acid first yields dt'hydrockoicic acid, Cg^Ha^O^, and afterward cliohutic acid. A., Choleinic, I. C.jH^./J,, an acid found by Latschinoft" in small amount in ox-bile, forming neetlles or tablets. 2. Taurocholic acid. A., Cho- lesteric, Cj^IligO,, an acid obtained by Tappeiner from the oxidation of cholalic acid with potassium bi- chromate and sulfuric acid. This nuist not be con- founded with cholesterinic acid. A., Cholesterinic, CgHjyO^, a dibasic acid obtained from cholesterin and from cholalic acid by action of nitric acid ; it occurs as a gum-like, vellow, hvgroscopic body with an acrid taste. A., Cholic. (.See lllus. Diet.) 2. See.-/., Glycocholic (lUus. Diet.). A., Cholodinic, C.,jH.,/J„ obtained from the dehydration of cholic acid ; it occurs as a resi- nous mass, devoid of color, soluble in alcohol, insoluble in water. A., Choloidanic, C,5H.,,Oj, obtained from ciiolalic acid by action i^f nitric acitl with heat ; it forms filifunn prisms almost insoluble in cold water. A., Choloidic, C.^.H^p,. See .-/., Clwloidinic (lllus. Diet.). A., Chondroidinsulfuric. See.-?., iSJion- droi/insit/fiiric. A., Chondroitic. See A., C/ion- droilinsulfuric. A., Chondroitinsulfuric, Cj^Hj;- NSOj, (Schmiedeberg), occurs, according to Morner, in all varieties of cartilage and in the inner coats of the arteries j it has also been found in amyloid livers. It appears as a white amorphous powder, easily solu- ble in water, forming an acid solution. Syn., Chon- droitii acid: C/iondroiiitisii/fitric acid : Chondrosc ; Ciioiidrog/vcosc ; Cliondroi;hicose. A., Chrysinic. See Chi-viiu (lllus. Diet.). A., Chrysophanic, Medi- cinal. See Clnysarohin (lllus. Ilict.). A., Cilianic, C.joH,„,0,|,, an oxidation product of cholalic acid. A., Citnicic, CuHj^O.^, a monobasic acid forming yellow crystals obtained from a fetid oil produced from the bug l\haphic;aslcs piiitctipeiiiiis. Lap. A., Cobric, Blvth's name for a very poLsonous crystalline substance he claims to have separated from cobra venom. A., Colombic. See A., Ca/iiin/'ic. A., Colopholic, A., Colophonic, an acid obtained from turpentine ; it is used in plasters. A., Columbic. See A., Ca/iim/iic. A., Comosic, an acid obtained from the bulbs of li/iis- cari comosiim and believed to have physiologic prop-
erties similar to saponin. A., Copahuvic. ^ee A., Cofaivic. A., Copaivic, C^qI Ij^l )^, an almost color- less, coarsely crystalline powder, obtained from co- paiba ; it is soluble in alcohol, ether, and benzene. A., Comic. See Coniiii (lllus. Diet. ). A., Cotar- nic, Cj(II,,^<.>5, a dibasic acid derived iiom cutarnin by action of dilute nitric acid. A., Cresotic, A., Cresotinic, CgHgOj, an aromatic hydroxy acid of which 3 isomeric comjiounds may be formed by the action of sodium and carbonic anhydrid on the 3 modilications of cresol. They all occur in acicular crystals. The para compound, melting at 151° C, is used as an antipyretic in the form of .sodium cre- solate. Dose, 2-20 gr. ; max. dose, 60 gr. Syn., (In'Ai- luic acid ; Hontosalicylic acid. A., Cresylsalicylic, found in the mother liquor accompanying salicylic acid when prepared by Kolbe's process. A., Crith- mic, an oxidation product of the volatile oil of Cril/i- miitn marilimum, I.. A., Crocic. See A., Cioconic (lllus. Diet.). A., Crotonic, CH, .CH:ClI.CO.^H, a monobasic acid forming monoclinic crystals or trimet- ric plates soluble in water and ligroin, melting at 72° C. and boiling at 185° C. It is obtained from crude wood-vinegar, or produced by the oxidation of croton- aldehyd. A., Crotonoleic. Same as A., Tiglic. A., Crotonolic. See A., Tiglic. A., Cryptophanic, C,|,H|j,X.j(_)jj|, an acid found by Thudichum to exist in small quantities in human urine. A., Cubebic, C,3- Hj^O^ (?), a white waxy mass, turning brown on ex- posure, obtained from cubeb berries, the tniripe fruit of Piper ctilicba, soluble in alcohol and ether and alka- line solutions, and used as a diuretic. Dose, 5-10 gr. in pills several times daily. A., Cumaric. See .-/., Cotimaric (lllus. Diet.). A., Cuminuric, a ni- trogenous acid found in urine and produced in the body by the conjugation of glycocoll with cumic acid. A., Cyanilic. See ,-?., Tricyanic (lllus. Diet.). A., Cyanurmonaraic. See Ainniclid (Illu.s. Diet.). A., Cynurenic, CmH^NC),, a decomposition product of prt)teids, found by Liebig in dogs' uiine ; it is a dibasic crystalline acid, soluble in alcohol and melts at 253° C. 'Ssy\.,Ky>iiirc>iic acid. A., Dammar,C,|,H3(,0,, a crystalline resinous acid the chief constituent of Aus- tralian dammar (kauri gum). A., Dammaric. See A.., Daiiitiiarylic. A., Dammarylic, C^jH^gOj, a constituent of East Indian dammar, according to Huchsohn forming 80^ of it; it is insoluble in weak alcohol, but soluble in absolute alcohol. A.,Damolic. Same as A., Damalic (lllus. Diet.). A., Dehydro- cholalic, CjHjjOj -|- 3H2O, an oxidation product of cholalic acid with permanganate. A., Dehydro- choleic. See under .-/., Choleic. A., Delphinic, an acid first obtained in 1817 by Chevreul from the oil of the dolphin, identical with .■/., J'alcric (lllus. Diet.). A., Dephlogisticated Marine. Same as C/;/()r/K (lllus. Diet.). A.,Desoxycholalic, C,jHjjO„ a redaction product of cholalic acid occurring during putrefactive changes. A., Dextrocamphoric, cam- phoric acid prepared from ordinary camphor, which is dextrorotary. Cf. A., Levocamphoric. A., Dex- trolactic. .See A., Sarcolactic (lllus. Diet. I. A., Dextropimaric, one of the three acids found by Ves- terberg in pimaric acid ; it is dextrorotary, melts at 2lo°-2li° C, is insoluble in water, easily soluble in hot alcohol and in glacial acetic acid, from which it crystallizes in large plates. A., Dextrotartaric, tar- taric acid. A., Dialuric, C^H^OjN,, a monobasic acid obtained by the reduction of alloxan with zinc and hydrochloric acid, occurring in needles or prisms; shows a veiy acid reaction, and forms salts with I or 2 equivalents of the metals. It becomes red cm expo- sure, absorbs oxygen, and is converted into alloxantin.
ACIU
27
ACID
Syn., Tartronylurca. A., Diatomic, one which con- tains 2 atoms of replaceable hydrogen. A., Dibrom- gallic, A., Dibromogallic, A., Dibromotrioxyben- zoic. Same as C(7//i>^ri)Wii/. A., Dichloracetic, CH- Clj . COjH, produced when chloral is healed with CXIC or potassium ferrocyanid and water. It occurs as a caus- tic, colorless liquid at ordinary temperature, but crj'stal- lizes at alow temperature. Sp. gr. 1.522 at 15° C.; boils at 189°— 191° C; soluble in water and alcohol. It is used as an escharotic in skin diseases. A., Digitalic, a fi.xed acid obtained by Morin from the leaves of Digitalis purpurea, L., occurring as white needles of acid taste and reaction and peculiar insipid taste, very easily soluble in alcohol an<l water, less soluble in ether. A., Dihydrated, o[ie which is com- bined with 2 molecules of water. A., Dihydric. Same as A., Diatoniic. A., Dihydroxy, A., Dioxy, acids formed by replacing 2 of the hydrogen atoms of any acid radicle by 2 molecules of hydroxyl. A., Di-iodosalicylic, C-H^L^Oj, a white crystalline powder, soluble in alcohol and ether, slightly soluble in water, and melting at 220°-230° C. It is antipy- retic, analgesic, and antiseptic, and is used in rheuma- tism and gout. Dose, 8-20 grains three or four times dailv in wafers. Maximum dose, 30 grains. A., Diiodparaphenolsulfonic. See Sozoiodol (Illus. Diet.). A., Dimethylarsenic, As(CH3)200H, a substance Ibrmed by the oxidation of cacodyl, occur- ring in large permanent prisms, odorless and slightly sour. It is soluble in water and alcohol and melts at 200° C. It is considered not to be toxic, and because of its solubility is easily absorbed. S)n. , Cacodytic acid ; Kakodylic acid. A., Dimethylprotocatechuic. See A.,V'eratric {\\\\xs.\y\c\..). A., Dioxybenzoic. See.-/., Protocatcclniic (Illus. Diet, 1. A., Dioxyphenylacetic. See A., Hoiiwgen/isinic. A., Ditartaric. See.-/., TJir- tralic. A., Ditartrylic. See A.,Tarlraiic. A., Dithi- ochlorsalicylic, SQH . CI . OH . COOH, a reddish- yellow powder obtained by heating a mixture of salicylic acid and sulfur chlorid to 140° C. It is recommended as an antiseptic. A., Dithiosalicylic, C„H,„S,j05, obtained from salicylic acid and sulfur chlorid heated to 150° C. , and existing in two modifications diftering in the solubility of their salts. It is an antiseptic, an- algesic, antipyretic yellowish-gray powder, partly solu- ble in water. Its lithium and sodium salts only are used in medicine as substitutes for salicylic acid. A., Dracic, A., Draconic, A., Draconylic. See.-/., Auisii (Illus. Diet. i. A., Elaic. See A., Elaidic (Illus. Diet.). A.. Elaiodic. .See.-/., A'/^ho/,/,- (Illus. Diet.). A., Eleodic, A., Elasodic. See A., Micino/cic (Illus. Diet.). A., Ergotic or Ergotinic, a volatile principle obtained from ergot of rye, occurring as a yellowish-brown, hygroscopic powder, .soluble in water and dilute alcohol. It is oxytocic. A., Erythric. I. Same as Eryf/irin (Illus. Diet.). 2. Brugnatelli's name for alloxan. A., Ethanethiolic. See.-/., 'J'/tic- acetic. A., Ethidenelactic. See .-/., Lactic (Illus. Diet). A., Ethmethacetic. See.-/., Melhylcthylacelic. A., Ethylacetic. See .-/., j5«/i77c (Illus.' Diet.). A., Ethylenelactic, CH2((JH) . CH, . CO.^H = C3Hg(_),, an acid isomeric with ethidene lactic acid or the lactic acid of fermentation, is obtained from acrylic acid by heating with aqueous sodium hydroxid to 100° C. and in various other nays. It is a thick uncrystallizable syrup ; on heating it loses water and is converted into acrylic acid. Syn., Hydracrylic acid : ii-Oxypropioiic acid; fi-Hydroxyprcpiciiiic acid. A., Ethylene- phenylhydrazinsuccinic, Cj(,H„2N,0(., an acid ob- tained from an alcoholic solution of ethylenephenyl- hydrazin and succinic anhydrid by boiling. It occurs in acicular crystals soluble in water. It is used as an
antipyretic. A., Etbylidenelactic, lactic acid. A., Excretolic, Marcet's name for an oily body found in human feces. A. of Fat, Crell's name for an acid distilled from fat, and subsequently proved to be acetic acid. A., Fellanic, Cj^H-jOg -|- 3HjO, an acid ob- tained by Berzelius from putrescent bile by action of hydrochloric acid. A., Fellic, C,;,II,|,0,, a crystalline cholalic acid oVjtaiuedby Schotten from human bile ; it is due to admixture with this acid that cholalic acid from human bile differs in appearance from that obtained from other sources. A., Fellinic. Same as A., Fellic. A., Ferrihydrocyanic, HjF^Cyg, lustrous, brownish- green needles, gradually decomposing in the air, formed from the decomposition of lead ferricyanid by means of dilute sulfuric acid. It is soluble in water and alcohol. Syn., A.,Fcrricyanic ; Ilydroferricyanic acid ; Hydrogen cyanid ; I/ydroferricyaiiliydrie acid, A., Ferrohydrocyanic, HjFjCvj, a white crystalline powder turning blue in moist air; soluble in water. Itis the product of potassium ferrocyanid and dilute hydro- chloric acid. Syn . , .-/. Ferrocyanic ; Hydrogen ferrocy- anid. A., Ferulaic. See A., Fenilic (Illus. Diet.). A., Formylic, formic acid. A., Frangulic, A., Fran- gulinic, C'ljlI^O, + I^'-^HjO, obtained from frangulin by boiling with dilute acids. It occurs as yellowish- brown needles or tablets, soluble in alcohol, melting at 252°-254° C. It is used as a laxative. Syn., A. Avorninic. A., Fumaric, C,H,0„ a dibasic acid ob- tained from Funiaria officinalis, L., several species of fungi and other plants, and also from decomposing malic acid. It forms small needles, or scales, soluble in water, subliming at 200° C. It is a feeble tonic. Syn., Allomaleic acid ; Bolclic acid : Glaticic acid ; Lickenic acid : Parainaleic acid ; Phenaconic acid. A., Fur- furacrylic, C^HgOj, a ciystalline acid obtained by oxidation of furfuracrolein and isomeric with salicylic acid ; it crystallizes from hot water in long brittle needles melting at 135° C. A., Furfuracryluric, an acid excreted in the urine and foi-med in the body by the conjugation of glycocoll with furfuracrylic acid. A., Gadic, A., Gadinic, Cj^H^^O,, a peculiar fatty acid obtained by Luck (1857) from turbid cod-liver oil. It forms crystals melting at 6o°-63° C. A., Gaeidic, A., Gaeidinic, CjjIIj^O,, a monobasic acid isomeric with hypogeic acid and obtained from it by warming with nitric acid, occumng in colorless crys- tals melting at '^%° C. Soluble in alcohol and in ether, insoluble in water. A., Gallamic, an acid ob- tained from tannin by the action of a mixture of am- monia and ammonium sulfite. A., Gallotannic, the tannin of nutgalls. A. of Galls, gallic acid. A., Gaultheric. .See Methyl Salicylate. A., Gelsemic, a fluorescent acid obtained by v. Wormsley from Gelse- miuin scmpervirens ; it occurs in tasteless, odorless, acicular crystals, soluble in 100 parts of cold water and readily in warm water, ether, and chloroform. A., Glucuronic. See .-/. , Glvcuronic (Illus. Diet.). A., Glutamic, A., Gluta'minic, CHj.CHj.CH- (NHj) . (C(J()H)„, a diba.sic acid produced by boiling albuminous substances with dilute mineral acids. It forms small shining crystals soluble with difficulty in cold water, more readily .soluble in boiling water, but separating out on cooling, melting at 193° C. Syn., Aiiiidoglutaric acid. A., Glutanic. See A., Glu- tamic. A., Glycerinocarbolic, an antiseptic and disinfectant substance obtained t'rom carbolic acid and glycerin. It is soluble in water and alcohol. A., Glycerinophosphoric, A., Glycerinphosphoric, C^HgPt^g, a dibasic acid in combination with the fatty acids and cholin as lecithin in the yolk of eggs, in bile, in the brain, and in the nervous tissue. It is formed by mixing glycerin with metaphosphoric acid.
ACID
28
ACID
It is a pale yellow oily liquid, without odor but having a sour taste, soluble in water and alcohol, and is used in treatment of neurasthenia, tabes, etc. Dose, o. i- o.j gni. ( I ',-5 gr.) three times daily. A., Glycerin - sulfuric, CjH^SOg, a monobasic body fonning a series of salts called glycerosulfates. Syn., .-/., Siil/cglyccric. A., Glycerolphosphoric, A., Glycerophosphoric. See A., GlyccrinpliosphorU. A., Glycerolsulfuric, A., Glycerosulfuric. See A., Glyccriiisiilfia-i:. A., Glyceryhricarbonic. See A., 7'ricnri>ii//r/u\ A., Glycoluramic. See A., Glycohiric (Illus. Diet.). A., Glycosuric, an acid first found by Marshall in alcaptonuric urine and again recently. It is now be- lieved to be identical with homogentisinic acid. A., Glycyrrhizic, an amorphous, brown yellow, resinous substanc: with a sweet taste, obtained from the root of Glyiyrr/iha glabra, L., and G. echiiiala, L. ; it is a tri- basic acid and the active constituent of licorice ; it swells in cold water without dissolving, but in hot water forms a clear yellow jelly, readily soluble in weak alcohol but scarcely soluble in absolute alcohol and in ether. A., Glyoxal. See .-?., C/)'o.n'/;V (Illus. Diet.). A., Glyoxalic. See A., Glyoxylic (Illus. Diet.). A.- green. See Pigments, Table of. A., Guaiacic, i. C'ljH.O:,, obtained by Righini (1S37) from guaiacum wood or resin ; it crj'stallizes in colorless needles, sol- uble in alcohol and ether. 2. See A., Giiniaresiiiic. A., Guaiacolcarbonic, A., Guaiacolcarboxylic, CjH^O,, a monobasic crj-stalline acid, melting at 150° C. It is antiseptic and antipyretic. A., Guaiaconic, C,,Hj„05 (Hadelich, 1S62), a constituent of guaiac resin in the proportion of 7o^f, occurring as a light brown amorphous substance fusing at 100° Q, ; readily soluble in alcohol, ether, and chloroform, insoluble in water. Its solutions are levorotary. A., Guaiac- resin. See A., Gtiaiaresinic. A., Guaiaresinic, A., Guaiaretic, CjuIL^gO^, a dibasic acid extracted by Hlasiwetz (1859) from guaiac resin, of which it fonns about 10 J^^, by the action of alcoholic potash or by quicklime. It fomis a crystalline salt with the fomier and an amorphous compound with the latter. The crystals are soluble in ether, alcohol, benzol, chloro- fomi, carbon disulfid, and acetic acid, in.soluble in am- monia and water, melt below 80° C , and volatilize without decomposition. It gives a gra.ss-green colora- tion with ferric chlorid. A., Gummic. See Arabin (Illus. Diet.). A., Gurjunic, C,.,H,jO,, a constituent of gurjun balsam occurring in opaque crystalline masses of weak acid reaction, melting at 220° C, soluble in absolute alcohol or in ether, slowly in benzene ; insol- uble in water and dilute alcohol. A., Gymnenic, Q'^ao'^ii' ^ greenish- white amorphous powder with a harsh acid taste, soluble in alcohol and chloroform and slightly soluble in water and ether. It is obtained from the leaves of Gvtnnena sylveslre, R. Br., and ob- tunds the taste for bitter or sweet things, but not for sour, pungent, or astringent ones. It is used as a moutli-wash in 12^/ hydro-alcoholic solution before taking nauseous medicines. A., Helvelic, C,.>H„pO;, an acid obtained from fresh belladonna, occurring as a yellow transparent syrupy liquid of strong acid reac- tion. A., Helvellaic, an acid which destroys red blood-corpu.scles, obtained by Bohm from juice of the nni>hrooms belonging to the genus Hebella. A., Hematic, A., Haematic, a yellow crystalline body derived by Treviranus from carbonized red blood-cor- puscles by action of sodium carbonate and washing with alcohol. A., Hematoxylic, A., Haematoxylic. See Heiihitoxylin (Illus. Diet.). A., Hendecatoic or Hendecoic. See A., Undecylic, 'J'abte 0/ Fatty Aeids (\\\vis. Diet.). A., Heptoic. See A.. Euan- tliylic (Illus. Diet). A., Heptylacetic. See A.,
Pelargonic (Illus. Diet.). A., Heptylcarbonic. See A.,Caprylic (\\\Mi. Diet.). A., Heptylic. See ^., 7^«(2;;//n7/c (Illus. Diet.). A., Hexabasic, an acid containing 6 atoms of hydrogen replaceable by bases. A., Hidrotic, CjHjNtJ-, a noncrystallizable acid ob- tained by Favre from perspiration, soluble in water and alcohol and evolving ammonia when heated. A., Homosalicylic. ^ee A., Cresolie. A., Homotoluic, A., Homotoluylic. See A., Hydrocinxamic (Illus. Diet.). A., Hydantoin-hydroparacumaric. Same as A., TyyosinJiydaiitoinic. A., Hydra-. See A., Ifydrogi-n. A., Hydracrylic, CjllgO,, an acid iso- meric with lactic acid. See A., EthyUiuiactic. A., Hydrantoic. See .-V., C/iro/w/vV- (Illus. Diet.). A., Hydrated, one united with the elements of water. A., Hydrochinonsulfuric, an ethereal acid found in small quantities in the urine after phenol-poisoning. A., Hydrocyanic, Aqueous, the hydrocyanic acid obtained by distillation, which contains a certain per- centage of water before removal by fractional distilla- tion and desiccation. A., Hydrocyanic, Inhalation of. See .(4., Hydrocyanic, K^/ur (Illus. Diet.). A., Hydrocyanic, Syrup of, a preparation consisting of dilute hydrocyanic acid, I part ; syrup, 125-200 parts. A., Hydroferricyanhydric. See A., Ferrihydrocy- anic. A., Hydroferricyanic. .See ./. , Fcrrihydrocy- anic. A., Hydrofluosilicic, H.^SiFg, a diba.sic acid obtained from silicon tetrafluorici by dissolving it in water. Its aqueous solution is a colorless, transparent, acrid, fuming liquid ; it volatilizes at 40° C. without a residue. Syn., A., Siliiofliiorii. A., Hydrogen, an acid containing hydrogen A., Hydroparacumaric, CgH^jOj, a derivative of tyrosin and formed in the human system during the process of intestinal putre- faction ; It may be prepared from paracoumaric acid by action of sodium amalgam, forming small prisms, solu- ble in alcohol, water, and ether, and melting at 125° C. ?j'jn., Oxyphcnylpropioiiic acid. A., Hydrospi- roylic, the volatile oil of Spiraa iilmnria. A., Hy- drotic See A., Hidrotic. A., Hydroxyacetic. See .-;., Glycoltic (Illus Diet.). A., Hydroxyoleic. See A., A'iiiiiolcic (Illus. Diet.). A., Hydroxyphenyl- amidopropionic. See Tyrosin (Illus. Diet). A., Hyoglycocholic, C.j-HjjXOs, a crj-stallizable glyco- cholic acid found in pig's bile, usually occurring as a resinous mass, soluble in alcohol, insoluble in water. A , Hyotaurocholic, CgH^-NSOg, a biliary acid, which as a sodium salt is found in small amount in the bile of swine; it is analogous to hyoglycocholic acid. A., Hypogeic, A., Hypogeeic, CigH^jOj, a mono- basic acid found by Gossmann and Scheven (1855) in peanut (.Arac/iis /lypogcni) oil, occurring as fine color- le.ss .stellate groups of needles which melt at 33° C. and solidify again at 28-30° C; soluble in alcohol and ether; insoluble in water. A., Hypoxanthylic. See A , Sarcylic. A., Ichthulinic, a substance obtained by Levene from the ichthulin of codfish eggs, similar in composition to avivitellinic acid. A., Ichthyolsul- fonic, C2sHj,S30|;, an acid produced from Tyrolean bituminous mineral by the action of sulfuric acid; it is strongly acid and contains about lit-i,'/: of sulfur. It is antiphlogistic and astringent, and is used in the form of its salts, chiefly "ichthyol," the ammonium salt. A., Indigosuifonic, A., Indigosulfuric, CjgH,QS.,N.,Og, obtained from indigotin by the action of 15 parts of fuming sulfuric acid; it occurs as an amor- phous blue solid or paste, soluble in water or alcohol. Syn., Indigotindisulfonic acid; Sitlfoiudylic acid ; Snlfoiitdigotic acid ; Snlfindylic acid : Soluble itidigo- bliie. A., Indigotic. See .4., Moiionilrosnlicylic. A., Indigotindisulfonic. See .4., Iiidigosiil/oiiic. A., Indigotinmonosulfonic, C,5H5N.^02 . SO3H, a purple
ACID
29
ACID
powder, soluble in water and alcohol, obtained from indigotin by action of 7-10 parts of fuming sul- furic acid. Syn. , Sulf\^puypuyic acid : Phcniciitsul- ftiric aciJ, A., Indoxylsulfonic, A., Indoxylsul- furic, C5H5NO . .SO3K, indoxyl sulfate of potas- sium, derived from indol of the intestine by oxida- tion and excreted normally in small amount in the urine but increased by putrefactive changes in the body ; it occurs in colorless gleaming tablets and plates easily soluble in water. Syn., Animal inUiian ; Indi- can of urine. A., Inorganic, a mineral acid or one in which the carboxyl group CO . OH is absent. A., Inosinic, C,„H,3N,(\P, a primary nucleinic acid oc- curring in muscle lis-ue and containing hypoxanthin as a base. A., lodoboric, a compound of boric and iodic acids. A., lodoortho-oxybenzoic. See A., Alonoiodosalicylii . A., lodosalicylic. See A., Mo- noiodosalicylic. A., lodosobenzoic, CgH, . OI . CO- OH.„ a compound analogous in action to iodoform. A., iodotannic. See /('(/(»A;««/« (Illus. Diet.). A., Isethionuric. See .-/., Taurocarhamic, A., Iso- butylcarbonic, A., Isobutylcarboxylic. See A., J'a/ci-ic, .Vorma/. A., Isobutylformic. See A., Jsm'aleric. A., Isolactic, lactic acid. A., Iso- propylacetic. See A., Isovaleric. A., Isotar- taric, Laurent and Gerhardt's name for tartralic acid. A., Isouric, C5H^X^03, an acid, isomeric with uric acid, obtained by boiUng alloxanthin and cyan- amid, forming a heavy insoluble powder. A., Iso- valeric,] (CHj), . CH . CHj . COjH, an isomer of valeric acid, obtained from oil of valerian or from ox- idation of amyl alcohol, occurs as a transparent, color- less, oily liquid with odor of valerian and old cheese ; melts at 51° C, boils at 174° C. Sp. gr. 0.9470 at 0° C. Used in nervous affections. Max. dose, 10 drops ; per day 40 drops. Syn., Monohydratcd valerianic acid; Valerianic acid ; Primary pentoic acid ; Isobiitvl carboxyl ; Isopropylacetic acid. A., Jatrophic. See^., Crolonic, in Table of Fatty Acids (Illus. Diet.). A., Jecoleic, an acid forming one of the essential con- stituents of cod-liver oil and isomeric with doeglic acid. A., Jervic, C^^li^J3^.^, a tetrabasic crystalline acid found in the root of Veratrum album, L. A., Kakodylic. .See A., Dimethylarsenic. A., Karabic, A. karabique. See A., Succinic. A., Ketonic, one derived from a ketone by substituting the acid characteristic CO . OH for an atom of liydrogen. A., Kinic. See .-/., Quinic (lUus. Diet.). A., Kinovic. See A., Quinotic. A., Kombic, a compound ob- tained by Fraser in the lead precipitate from an aqueous solution of alcoholic extract of strophanthin. It is freely soluble in water and of strongly acid reac- tion. A., Kresotic. See A., Cresotic. A., Kres- ylic. See Cresol (Illus. Diet.). A., Kynurenic. See A., Cynurenic. A., Lactolactic. SeeA.,/.ac- tylolactic. A., Lactylolactic, Cglli^Oj, a monobasic acid obtained from a solution of lactic acid heated to 130° to 140° C. It occurs as an amorjihous, pale yel- low mass, soluble in alcohol and water, soluljle with difficulty in water. Syn., f.actyl lactate; Lactolactic acid' Lactic anhydrid ; Lactyl anhydrid. A., Lano- ceric, C3„H|5dOj, an acid resulting from the saponifica- tion of lanolin ; it melts at 104° C. A., Lanopal- minic, CigHj^O^, resulting from the saponification of lanolin. It melts at 87°. A., Lantanuric. See A., .Allanturic. A., Lapachoic, Cj^ll^O,, Paterno's name for the coloring-matter of lapacho wood, a species of Bignonia. It forms yellow prisms melting at 138° C, giving a beautiful red color with alka- lis and with sulfuric acid a blood-red coloration. A., Leucamic. See Leticin (Illus. Diet.). A.s, Leucinic, acids obtained by oxidation of leucins. A.,
Levocamphoric, A., Laevocamphoric, camphoric
acid prepared from m.ilricaria camphor ; it is levorotary. A., Levopimaric, A., Laevopimaric, a modification of jiimaric acid crystallizing in rhombic pyramids which melt at I40°-I5o^ C, soluble in alcohol. Its levorotation is at times as great as the dextrorotation of dextropimaric acid. A., Levotartaric, the levorotary variety of tartaric acid. A., I^ichenic. See A., Ftimaric. A., Lithenic, A., Lithic, uric acid. A., Lithobilic, a bile-.icid found in bezoar stones. A., Lithofellic, A., Lithofellinic, Cj^H^gO,, a crystalline acid and chief constituent of the bezoar stones from a Persian antelope ; melting-point 204° C. A., Lith- uric, CjjHjciXO,, an acid obtained in only one instance from the urine of the ox. A., Lizaric, Cj^K,,,©,, a crystalline acid obtained by Debus from the coloring- matter of madder. A., Lobelic, a crj-stalline acid found in Lobelia injiata, L. , forming small yellow needles soluble in water, alcohol, and ether. A., Loco, the toxic principle of loco weed, Astragalus mollissimus. A., Lokainic, A., Lokaonic, C^2Hjg- Oj-, a dibasic acid found by v. Kayser ni lokao (Chi- nese green), occurring as a powdery blue-black mass which assumes a metallic gleam on pressure; it is in- soluble in water, alcohol, ether, chloroform, or ben- zene; soluble in alkalis, with a clear blue color. Syn., Lokain. A., Lokanic, C35H350.^,, a glucosid obtained from lokainic acid by action of dilute sulfuric acid with heat ; insoluble in water, alcohol, ether, and cliloro- form. Its alkaline solution is violet-blue, which by dilut- ing becomes rose-red. Syn., Lokaetin. A., Lupa- maric, the bitter acid of hops. A., Lysuric, CgH,,- {C0C8H3)2N202, a substance obtained by Drechsel from lysin by action of benzoyl chlorid and homolo- gous with ornithuric acid. A., Maleic or Maleinic, C^H^O^, obtained from malic acid by distillation ; it occurs in prisms, soluble in water, alcohol, and ether, melting at 130° C, boiling at 160° C. A., Mar- garic. A., Margarinic, Cj^Hj^Oj, an acid apparently not existing in the fats, as was supposed, obtained by boiling cetyl cyanid with alcoholic potasli ; it occurs as transparent crystals or white amorphous powder, melts at 59°-6o° C. and boils at 227° C. at too mm. Syn., Heptadecoic acid. A., Margaritie. See A., Ricino- stearic. A., Margarous, Chevreul's name for stearic acid. A., Marine, hy^lrochloric acid. A., Melan- urenic. A., Melanuric. See Ammelid (Ilhts. Diet. I. A., Mephitic, carbon dioxid. A., Mesity- lenuric, C,jHj.jX(.),, a nitrogenous acid found in urine and produced in the body by the conjugation of glyco- coU with mesitylenic acid. A., Mesotartaric, inac- tive tartaric acid obtained by heating 30 parts of tar- taric .acid with 4 parts of water for 2 hours to 165° C. A., Mesoxalluric. See A., Allo.xanic (Illus. Diet.). A., Metaboric, IIBO.^, a monobasic acid formed from boric acid bv heating it to 100° C. A., Metachlor- hippuric, C^HjCI . CO . XHCII, . CO . OH. a tena- cious ainorplious substance, somewhat soluble in boil- ing water, excreted in the urine after the ingestion of monochlorbenzoic acid. A., Metacopaivic, Cjj- HjjO,, an acid found by Strauss in Maracaibo copaiva balsam occurring in white flakes, melting at 205°— 206° C. , easily soluble in alcohol, in ether, in caustic potash, and in annnonia, insoluble in water. A., Metaiodoorthooxyquinolinsulfonic. See Lorclin. A., Metallic, an inorganic acid in which the acid radicle is a metal or metiiUic oxid. A., Metanitro- salicylic. Asymmetric, C^HjXOj, a nitroderivative of salicylic acid occurring in colorless needles soluble in alcohol and 1475 P-iits of hot water at 150° C. , melting at 228° C. Syn., u-.Vitrosalicylic acid. A., Meta- phosphoric, Diluted, a solution of 780 grains of
ACID
30
ACID
metaphosphoric acid in distilled water sufficient to make l6 fluidounces. A., ,J-Methylalphaindolcarboxylic. See A., Siiitoharboitii. A., Methylamidoacetic. Same as Sanosin (Illus. Diet.). A., Methylami- doanisic, CgH,(NII. CHjjO,, an isomer of tyro>iii. A., Methylcrotonic. See A., Tiglic. A., Methyl- ethylacetic, CH^ — CjHs — CH . COOH, an isomer of valeric acid, occurring as a liquid, boiling at 1 75° C. ; sp. gr. 0.9410 at 21° C. Syn., A., Et/imtt/iacetii ; ji- Butyl Ldrbonii tuiJ ; a-Mt^lhyl bittyric ai'iii. A ., Methylguanidinacetic. See Creatin (Illus. Diet.). A., Methylguanidoacetic. See Creatiiiin (Illus. Diet. ). A., Methylhydantoic, A., Methylhy- dantoinic, C^H^X./ )3, a uraniic acid appearing in the urine after the ingestion of sarcosin or methylgly- cocoU ; also obtained by prolonged heating together of urea and sarcosin in baryta-water. A., of Milk, lactic acid. A., Mineral. See A., Inorgnnii. A., Motiatomic, one whicli contains one atom of replace- able hydrogen. A., Moniodosalicylic. See A., Moiwiodoialicylic. A., Monobroraacetic, CjH^BKJj, produced by heating acetic acid with bromin ; it oc- curs as white shining tablets, rapidly deliquescing and strongly coiTOsive on the skin. It is soluble in water, melts at 51° C, and boils at 2oS°C. It isescharoticand antiseptic. Ssn., A., Bromacetic. A., Monohydrated, an acid combined with one molecule of w.iter. A., Monohydric. Same as A., Monatoniic. A., Mono- iodoortho-oxybenzoic. See -•/., Monoioiiosalicylii. A., Monoiodosalicylic, C-H^IO,, produced by boil- ing salicylic acid with iodin and alcohol ; it occurs as long needles or white crystalline powder, soluble in alcohol and ether and very slightly in water ; it melts at 198° C. It is used in acute articular rheumatism. Dose, 15-45 grains per day. A., Mononitrosalicy- lic, CjH3(NOjiOH. CO.^H,an acid obtained by action of nitric acid on indigo, or on salicylic acid. Syn., A., /ndigotic ; XttrospinyliL aciU : Xilro-anilic acid ; An- ilic acid. A., Monosulfindigotic. See A., Indit^o- sulfonic. A., Morinic. See Morin (Illus. Diet.). A., Morintannic. See Maclurin (Illus. Diet.). A., Morphoxylacetic, C|-H,sN03 . C. HjCOjH, a nar- cotic similar to morphin but weaker. A., Muriatic, Dephlogisticated, chlorin. A., Muriatic. Oxy- genated, chlorin. A., Muriatic, Superoxygen- ated, chloric acid. A., Myoctonic, A., My- octoninic, an acid found by Peckolt in Psy- chotria ruai\;^ra~i'ii, occurring as a yellowish, oily narcotic and extremely poisonous liquid. A., /3- Naphthalinsulfonic, C|jH, . SO3H, an acid occur- ring in white opalescent scales with generally a tinge of red, freely soluble in water and alcohol, slightly in ether. It is a sensitive reagent for albumin. A., Naphthionic, C^IIjfNHj). SO3H, an acid ob- tained from naphthylamin by action of ammonium sulfite, occurring as a white powder dissolving in about 4000 parts of cold water, but more freely solu- ble in alkaline liquids. Solutions fluoresce deep red- dish-blue. It is recommended as an antidote for nitrite poisoning ; also in the treatment of acute iodism and in troubles of the bladder originating in the alkalescence of the urine. Dose, 3-4 gm. (40- 60 gr. ) daily. Syn., a-Naphthylamin-suIfonic acid. A., Naphthoic, C„HgOj, a crystalline substance of which 2 i.someric compounds may be formed by sa- ponification of the 2 modifications of naphthoiiitril. A., a-NaphthylaminsuIfonic, A., Naphthylamin- alphasulfonic. See .4., .Vaphlhionic. A., Naphtoic. See A., Xafhthoic. A., Narcotic. See Karcotin (Illus. Diet.). A., Naucleic. See Catechin (Illus. Diet. ). A., Neurolic, Cj^HjoPO,;, a decomposition product of myeloidin, analogous to oleophosphoric
acid and to cerumen, occurring as a viscous red sub- stance with rancid odor. Ssn.. Acidc uevroliqut. A., Neurostearic, CigHj^Oj, a fatty acid obtained by Thudichum in brain-tissue, isomeric with stearic acid but melting at 84° C. A., Neurotic, a sticky, red phosphoreted compound, obtained from treating a com- bination of myeloidin and lead oxid with sulfureted hydrogen. .Syn., Acidc nivroliijue. A., Nitric, Alcoholic, a distillate of I part of nitric acid with 3 parts of alcohol. A., Nitric, Anhydrous, nitrogen pentoxid. A., Nitric, Monohydrated, pure nitric acid. A., Nitro-, an acid produced from another acid by replacing the hydrogen with nitryl (NO,). A., Nitroanilic. Same as A., iMononilrosalicylic. A., Nitrogenous, one containing nitrogen. A., Nitrohydrochloric, Dilute, nitric acid, 40 parts ; hydrochloric acid, iSo parts; distilled water, 780 parts. A., a-Nitrosalicylic. See A., Metaiiilro- salicylic. A., ,}-Nitrosalicylic. See A., Anihtii. A., Nitrosonitric, fuming nitric acid. A., Nitro- spiroylic. .See .7., Muiicuitrosalicylic. A., Nord- hausen, brown fuming sulfuric acid first manufactured at Nordhausen. A., Nucleic or Nucleinic, any one of a group of organic acids containing C, H, O, N, and a large proportion of P. The nucleinic bases are present in the nucleinic acid radicles as organic com- pounds. The nucleinic acids occur in nature, free or in combination with albumins, when they are called primary acids. On decomposition they yield nucleinic bases, and according to their origin are termed sperma nucleinic acid, thvmonucleinic acid, yeast-nucleinic acid, etc. According to Kossel, there are in reality only 4 true nucleinic acids, viz., adenylic acid, guan- ylic .icid, sarcylic (hypoxanthylic) acid, and xanthylic acid. On decomposition the primary acids give rise to secondary acids which contain more phosphorus than the primary acids and may or may not give rise to xanthin bases on further decomposition ; according to Simon, they may be divided into acids of the type of flasminic acid and of //;r7//;>nV(;i-/(/ respectively. A., Oleophosphoric, Fremy's name for the phosphoreted fat found in brain-substance. A., Oleoricinic. See A.y RicinoUic (Illus. Diet.). A., Omicholic, C^Hj,- NO^, a red resinous substance extracted by Thudichum from urine, soluble in ether and alcohol, and showing a green fluorescence. A., Opheliac, A., Ophelic, CijHjgOjo, an acid isolated by v. Hohn from chiretta, the leaves of Swertia chirata, occurring as a yellow- brown acid syrup with a bitter taste and odor charac- teristic of gentian, and readily soluble in water, in alcohol, and in ether. A., Orceic. Same as Orcein (Illus. Diet.). A.,Orthoamidosalicylic,C,H3(NH,)- (OH)COOH, a gray, amorphous, slightly sweet, in- odorous powder obtained by reduction of orthonitro- salicylic acid and insoluble in water, alcohol, and ether. It is employed in chronic rheumatism. Dose, 0.25-0.5 gm. (3-7 gr.). A., Orthoboric. See Boron (Illus. Diet.). A., Orthocholic, Cj.Hj^Os -(- H3O, a name given by Thudichum to the form of cholic acid produced by the decomposition of magne- sium with hydrochloric acid, occurring in prisms. A., Orthocresotic, CgHjO,, an acid obtained from ortho- cresol by reaction with sodium and carbon dioxid, forming long white needles, soluble in alcohol, in ether, and in chloroform, melting at 164° C. S\n.,Ortio/iomo- salicylic acid: Orthoo.xymetatoUtic acid. A., Or- thohydrazinparabenzoic. A., Orthohydrazin- parahydroxy benzoic, A., Orthohydrazinpara- oxybenzoic. See Orlhin (Illus. Diet.). A., Or- thohydroxybenzoic, salicylic acid. A., Orthooxy- metatoluic. %e& .4., Orthoiresolic. A., Orthooxy- phenolsulfonic. A., Orthophenolsulfonic, A.,
ACID
31
ACID
Orthophenolsulfuric. See ^ity»/c/ (Illus. Diet.). A., Orthosilicic, H^SiO, ^= SiO.^ . 2H./J, a tetrabasic acid, known only in aqueous solution, produced by dia- lyzing a solution of an alkaline silicate previously treated with HCl ; it forms a colorless liquid which coagu- lates to a gelatinous mass on standing. Syn., Si/uic add. A., Orthosulfocarbolic. See Aseptol (Illus. Iiict.). A., Orthoxybenzoic, salicylic acid. A., Orthoxyphenylsulfurous. See .-/^ty>/tf/ (Illus. Diet.). A., Oxacetic. See .-i., (Jlycollic (Illus. Diet.). A., Oxalacetic, Dumas' name for tartaric acid. A., Oxuric, Vauquelin's name for impure alloxanic acid. A., Oxygen, an acid which contains more oxyj^n than is requisite for saturation. A., Oxymandelic, CgHjOj, an acid found by Schultzen and Riess in urine in a case of acute yellow atrophy of the liver, forming shining flexible needles, easily soluble in alco- hol, in ether, and in hot water, slightly soluble in cold water, melting at 162" C. A., Oxymuriatic, I. Hy- drochloric acid. 2. Chloric acid. 3. Chlorin. A., Oxynaphthoic. See A., Alphaoxvnaphlhoic (Illus. Diet.). A., 3-Oxynaphthoic, CjjHgOj, obtained from sodium 3-naphthol by the action of carbon dioxid with heat. It is a surgical antiseptic. Syn., ^-XaphtholcartwxvUc acid: ^-CarbonapltthoHc acid. A., Oxynaphthylorthooxytoluylic. See Epicarin. A., Oxyphenylamidopropionic. See Tyrosin (Illus. Diet.). A., Oxyphenylsulfuric. ^ee A., Siilp/tocar- bolic (Illus. Diet.). A., i-Oxypropionic. .See A., Ethylcnclaclic. A., Oxyquinolin Carbonic. See A.,C vniircnic. A.,Oxytoluic. See .^., Ovjo//r. A., Oxytoluyl, substances formed by oxidation of tolu- ene. A., Palicourican acid found by Peckolt in Psy- chotria marcgravii, occurring in stellate groups of odorless needles, with acid taste, soluble in water, in- soluble in alcohol, and having no poisonous properties. Cf. Myoclonic Acid. A., Paraamidobenzolsulfonic. See A., Sulphanilic \yA\x?,. Diet.). A., Parabanic. 'fi^eOxalylurea (Illus. Diet.). A., Paracamphoric, an optically inactive variety of camphoric acid prepared by mixing camphoric acid from ordinary camphor (1//1-- Irocamphoric acid) with that made from matricaria camphor (levocamphoric acid). A., Paraellagic. Same as A., Riifiga/lic (\\\vi%. Diet.). A., Parafu- maric. See .4., A/alcic. A., Paraoxyphenylacetic, C^H^Oj, a decomposition product of proteids in the intestine, found in minute quantities in the urine. A., Paraoxyphenylglycolic, an acid found in urine under pathologic conditions, as in acute yellow atrophy. A., Paraoxyphenylpropionic, CjH,- (OH ) . C^H, . COOH, an acid formed from tyrosin in the putrefactive changes of proteids in the intestine and iound in small quantities in the urine. A., Para- phenolsulfonic. See A., Siilphocarbolic ( Illus. Diet. ). A., Pararosolic. See .Aiirin (Illus. Diet.). A., Paratartaric. See .-/., Racemic (Illus. Diet.). A., Parilinic, A., Parillinic. See Sinilucin (Illu.s. Diet.). A., Paroxyphenyleneamidopropionic. See Tyrosin (Illus. Dict.j. A. of Pearls, acid phosphate of sodium. A., Pentabasic, one containing 5 car- boxyl groups. A., Penlatomic, one containing 5 atoms of replaceable hydrogen. A., Perbromic, BrO- . OH, an oily colorless liquid formed from per- chloric acid by action of bromin. A., Periodic, HIO, ^ 2H,0, an acid obtained from iodin by the action of concentrated perchloric acid occurring in white deliquescent crystals which turn yellow on ex- posure to the air. It is soluble in water and alcohol, slightly in ether, and melts at I30°-I33° C. It is a powerful oxidizer. Syn., Ncp/aiodic acid. A., Phena- ceturic, C,oH„X63 = C^H^ . CHjCO . NH . CH, - COOII, an acid produced in the animal body by a
grouping of the phenylacetic acid, C5H5. CH.^ . COOH, formed by the putrefaction of the proteids with glyco- coll. It has been prepared by Salkowski from horse's urine, and probably occurs in human urine. [Ham- marsten and Mandel.J A., Phenic, A., Phenylic. See A., Carbolic (Illus. Diet.). A., Phenicinsulfo- nic. A., Phenicisulfuric. See A., Indigolinmono- stilfonic. A., Phenol, carbolic acid. A., Phenol- sulfonic. See ,-/., .V/////;o<(7)-<io/«V (Illus. Diet. ). A., Phenylaceturic. ^te A., Phenacctiiric. A., Phenyl- hydrazinlevulinic. Ste Anlit/icrmin (Illus. Diet.). A., Phenylic, carbolic acid. A., Phenylsalicylic, CijHjdOj, a white antiseptic powder, soluble in alcohol, ether, and glycerin, but very slowly in water ; it is used as a surgical dressing as iodoform. Syn., Orthoxy- diphcnylcarbolic acid; PhcnyUrtliooxybetizoic acid. A., Phenylsulfuric. See A., Sulphocarbolic (Illus. Diet. ). A., Phocenic. See A., Valeric (Illus. Diet.). A., Phcenicinsulfonic. See ./. , Indigoliumonom!- fonic. Pl. , Phosphoantimonic, a yellowish, very acid substance obtained from antimonium pentachlorid by the action of concentrated aqueous solution of sodium phosphate (Schulze). It is used as an alkaloid reagent. A., Phosphoric, Anhydrous, P-^O^, obtained from phosphorus by complete combustion, occurring as a bulky, light, white deliquescent powder, soluble in water. It is used as a chemical agent. A., Phos- phoric, Glacial, A., Phosphoric, Monobasic. See A., Metaphosphoric (Illus. Diet.). A., Phosphoric, Trjbasic, ordinary phosphoric acid. A., Photosan- tonic. See Fkotosautoniti (Illus. Diet.). A., Phy- setic. A., Physetoleic, an isomer of hypogeic acid and contained in the spermaceti oil found in cavities of the head of the sperm whale ( Physetcr macroccpk- a/iis). It melts at 30° C. It differs from hj-pogeic acid in not yielding sebacic acid on distillation. A., Picroacetic, a saturated solution of picric acid in I 'r acetic acid. A., Picrochromic, a mixture of picric acid (solution saturated in water) 10 vols.: I'^r chromic acid solution 25 vols.; water 65 vols. A., Picrohy- drochloric, a mixture of water 100 vols.; hydro- chloric acid (of 25 ?» HCl) S vols. ; picric acid as much as will dissolve. A., Picronitric, a mixture of water 100 vols.; nitric acid (of 25% NjOj) 5 vols.; picric acid as much as will dissolve. A., Picronitro- chromic, a mixture of i part of picronitric acid and 4 parts l<e chromic acid. A., Picronitroosmic, a mixture of picronitric acid 6 vols.; 2^r osmic acid I vol. A., Picrosulfuric, a mixture of distilled water ICX3 vols.; sult'uric acid 2 vols.; picric acid as much as will dissolve (about 255*). Syn., .•/., Concoitratcd or un- diluted picrosulfuric. A., Pimaric, CjdHjdO^, an acid obtained from powdered gallipot resin by action of dil- ute alcohol, very similar to sylvicacid and passing into it when distilled in -■aciio. It occurs in crusts of micro- scopic crystals, soluble in boiling alcohol and ether, melting at 210° C. Recent investigations show that pimaric acid consists of tliree isomerids, one of them the pimaric acid described by Laurent, dextropimaric acid, and levopimaric acid (^. v.). A., Pimentic. See Ettgenol (Illus. Diet.). A., Pipitzahoic, A., Pipitzahoinic, Cj^H^jO,, a purgative principle dis- covered by Rio de la Loza in species of Perczia, and also obtained from Tri.vis radialc, occurring in glossy golden scales, soluble in alcohol and ether, melting at 103°-I04° C. It is used as a mild drastic. Dose, 0.2-0.3 g™- (3~5 »■■• ' A., Pivalic. See A., I'aleric, Tertiary. A., Plasminic, a secondary nucle- inic acid obtainable from yeast. It is soluble in water and precipitates albumins in acid solution. Its phos- phoric acid radicle is capable of forming a true organic iron compound containing I ^', of iron. It docs not
ACID
32
ACID
give Millon's nor the biuret reaction and contains no sulfur. t)n decomposition svith mineral acids by boil- ing it yields nucleinic bases and phosphoric acid [Simon]. A., Podocarpinic, C^-H^U,, an acid found as the principal constituent of the resin of Podocarfiiis ciiprcssina, R. lir. A., Polyatomic, one containing several atoms of replaceable hydrogen. A., Polybasic, acids containing several carbo.\yl groups. A., Polychromic. See A., Aloetic. A., Polyhydric. Same as ./., Polyatomic. A., Pro- penyltricarboxylic. See A., TiuarbattylU. A., Propionic, L'^H^O^, an o.tidation product of propylic alcohol ; it is a clear colorless liquid with an odor like butyric and acetic acids and a specitic gravity of 1.013 at 0° C. ; it is miscible with water and boils at 141° C. A., Propionylsalicylic, a compound obtained from salicylic acid by action of anhydrous pro[)ionic acid. It is used in gout and rheumatism. A., Pseudacetic, A., Pseudoacetic. '6ee A., Pro/>ionii. A., Purreic, A., Purrheic. Same as.-/., Euxaiilliu (Illus. Diet.). A., Pyridincarbonic, picolinic acid. See under Picolinii (Illus. iJict.). A., Pyridintricarboxylic, A., Pyridintricarbonic, CglljNt >5, an oxidation jjrud- uct of cinchona alkaloids; it is a white crystalline powder, soluble in water and alcohol, and melting at 250** C. It is antipyretic, antiseptic, and anliperiodic, and is used in whooping-cough, typhoid and intermit- tent fevers, etc., and externally as an injection in ure- thral inflammation. Do.se, lograins 5 times daily. .Syn., W., Carboiinchofncronic. A., Pyro-, an acid formed from another acid by action of heat. A., Pyroglucic. See Py rode. xt nil (Illus. Diet.). A., Pyroguaiacic. See Giiaidiol (\\\\\%. Diet.). A., Pyrolactic. See Z(7<-//./ (Illus. Diet.). A., Pyroleic. See A., .Se- hacic (Illus. Diet.). A., n-Pyrolidincarbonic, CjHyNOj, a product of proteid cleavage differing from all others in having a nitrogen-containing ring. A., Pyrolithic. .See A., Trii\'atiii (Illus. Diet.). A., Pyrolivilic, A., Pyroolivilic, an oily liquid ob- tained by Sobrero by dry distillation of olivil having the composition and properties of eugenol, and is either identical with this or with isoeugenol. A., Pyronecarboxylic. .Same as .-/., Comanic (Illus. Diet. I. A., ii-Pyronedicarboxylic. iiee A., C/ie/i- donic (Illus. Diet.). A., Pyroracemic. See A , Pyruvic (Illus. Diet.). A., Pyrosorbic. See A., Milcic. A., Pyrouvic. See A., J'yruric (\\\\if,. Diet.). A., Quassic, Cj^II^^Oj^, a dibasic crystalline acid ob- tained by decomposing quassin with hydrochloric acid. A.,Quercetic, A.,Quercetinic, C,5H,„0, + jH^O, an acid obtained from quercetin by action of caustic pot- ash, forming silky needles, easily soluble in alcohol and in ether, sparingly soluble in water; it reduces .sil- ver solutions and with ferric chlorid gives an intensely blue-black color. A., Quercitric. See Qiicrcilrin (Illus. Diet.). A., Quillayaic. See A., Qtiillaic (Il- lus. Diet.). A., Quinethonic, C^H^O,, an acid found in the urine after administration of phenetol. A., Quinolincarboxylic. See A , Cinchoninic (Illus. Diet. ). A., Quinopicric, a mixture of quinin and cinchonin picrates, occurring as a brownish powder ; it was proposed as a. .succedaneum for quinin sulfate. A., Quinovic, C.^H^Oj (HIasiweU and Gilm.), a de- composition product of quinin; a tasteless, white, crystalline powder ; dextrorotary ; soluble in ether and chloroform, slightly in alcohol, insoluble in water. Syn., A'iiunic Had. A. Radicle. See under yP(7<//V/^. A., Rapic, A., Rapinic,C,,l I,,0,, an acid found in rape oil as glycerol ester. A. -reaction. See under Pcac/ion. A., Regianic, C5H5O;, a black amorphous acid ob- tained by Phipson from the shells of unripe butternuts, Jtiglam cinerea. With alkalis it forms soluble purple
salts and with lead oxid an insoluble brown-violet sah. A., Resorcindisulfonic, CgH^S.^Og + 2lljO, ob- tained from resorcin by the action of sulfuric acid, oc- curring as deliquescent needles, soluble in water and alcohol. A., Ricinic, an acid obtained from castor oil by dry distillation or by saponification. A., Ricino- stearic, an acid produced in the saponihcalion of cas- tor oil. Syn.. ./., .l/.;i;;'(/)7//, . A., Sabadillic. See^^., Tiglic. A., Saccharinic. See .4., Sncclinric (Illus. Diet.). A., Saccharblactonic, an aldehydic acid midway between gluconic acid and saccharinic acid occurring in the animal body as a transformation prod- uct of the latter. A., Salicylacetic, A.. Salicylo- acetic, CgllgOj, a reaction product of .sodium salicyl- ate in a soda solution with sodium monochlor- acetate, occurring in lustrous leaflets, soluble in boil- ing water and alcohol ; slightly in cold water, ether, chloroform, and benzene; melts at 188° C. It is an- tiseptic and used as salicylic acid. Syn., Acelosalicylic acid : Safuyloxyacetic acid ; Salicylhydroxyacelic acid. A., Salicylhydroxyacetic. See A. , Salicylacclic. A., Salicylous. See Aldchyd, Salicylic (Illus. Diet.). A., Salicyloxyacetic. .See A., Salicyl- acetic. A., Salicylsulfonic. A., Salicylsulfuric. See -■/., Sulfosalicylic. A., Santalic. S.ime as Saii- talin (Illus." Diet.'). A., Santoic, C.jH,/),, yellow, granular or rhombic crystals, isomeric but not identical with santoninic acid, obtained by boiling santonin with baryta- water. It is soluble in alcohol, ether, and chloroform, and melts at 171° C. A., Santonic. See.-/., Saiitotiinic (Illus. Diet.). It is also applied to .-/., Santoic. A., Satitous, C^HjuO.,, a product of the reduction of santonin with hydriodic acid ; it is dextrorotary and meltsat 179° C. A., Sarcylic, a pri- mary neucleinic acid yielding hypoxanthin on decom- position. Syn., A., //y/o.raiitliylic. A., Sclerotic. See A., Sclerotiiiic (Illus. Diet.). A., Scoparic. See Scoparin (Illus. Diet.). A., Scymnolsulfuric, an acid found in the bile of the shark [Siytiinus bore- alis). A., Scytodephic, A., Scytodepsic, tannic acid. A. of Sea Salt, hydrochloric acid. A., Seba- cinic. A., Sebacylic, sebacic acid. See under .Scbacic (Illus. Diet. ). A., Selenous, A., Selenious, H^SeO,, a diatomic, diabasic acid obtained from selenium by the action of hot nitric acid, crystallizing in colorless, long, transparent prisms, soluble in water with heat. A., Selinic, a peculiar acid found by Peschier in the roots cti Pcuccdaiiton f'alu.^tre. A., Septic, nitric acid. A., Shikiminic, CjHj^Oj, a monoba.sic acid obtained from the fruits of Illicium attisatum, L. It is a crystalline powder melting at i78°-l8o° C. It is converted into protocatechuie acid on fusion with potash. A., Sili- cic, I. SIOj, a snow-white bulky powder obtained from a solution of silicates by the action of mineral acid. It is soluble in a hot alkali solution ; precipi- tated silica. 2. See .-/., Orlhosilicic. A., Silico- fiuorhydric. A., Silicofluoric. See A., Ilydro-
Jliioiilicic. A., Skatolacetic, C,H5(CH3)N . CH^ . - COjH, a product of the decay of albuminates, melting at 134° C. A., Skatolamidoacetic, according to Xencki, an acid existing preformed in the proteid molecule. A., Skatolcarbonic, A., Skatolcarboxylic, C,„H,NOj, an acid formed during the process of albu- minous putrefaction, and a normal constituent of human urine. It meltsat 165° C. Syn.. A., 3- Afetliylal/>!iain- dolcarbo.rylic. A., Skatolsulfuric, C^HgNSOjH, an acid appearing as the potassium salt in the urine after administration of skatol. It has been obser\-ed in con- siderable quantity in diabetic urine. A., Skatoxyl-
. glycuronic, a substance formed in the body by conju- gation of skatol and givcocoll and eliminated in the urine. A., Skatoxylsulfuric. See A., Skalolsulfu-
ACID
33
ACID
ric. A., Sozoiodolic. See Sozoiodol (Illus. Diet.). A., Spermanucleinic, C^H^iX,/.),, . 2l'jO-, a pri- ixiary imcleinic acid occumng in semen ; it contains xan- thin, hypo.\anthin, anil adeiiin as bases, and gives rise to levulinic acid. A., Spbacelinic, an acid, regarded as the constituent of ergot, wiiicii causes gangrene and develops the cachexia of the disease. A., Spiraeic, A., Spiroylous. See Aldchyd, Salicylic ( Illus. Diet. ). A., Stearophanic. See .-/., Stearic (Illus. Diet.). A., Stearoricinic. ?tee A., A'iiiiiostearic. A., Stib- ious, Sb^Oj, white or grayish crystalline powder used as an expectorant and emetic. See Antifnoniitm oxiU (Illus. Diet.). Syn. , Anhydrous autimonious acid ; An'imonious oxid of antimony ; Antimony trioxid. A., Stibous, C,-H,,0., iGmelin), a crystalline substance from oil of bitter almonds by action of fuming sulfuric acid. A, Strychninie. Same as .-/., /J5'<;i«;7<- (Illus. Diet.). A., Styrolic, A., Styrylic. See A., Onna- w;;V ( Illus. Diet.). A., Sudoric. See A., //idrotic. A. of Sugar, oxalic acid. A., Sulfaminbarbituric. See A.^ 'J^iii^nttric. A., Sulfazoiized, a class of acids formed from potassium nitrite by action of sulturous acid. A.,Sulfindigotic, A. , Sulfindylic. See A , Indi^^om!- fonic. A., Sulfo-. See A.. Tliio-. A., Sulfoanilic. See A., Sutplianilu (Illus. Diet ). A., Sulfocarbo- vinic. See.-/., Xanthic (Illus. Dicl.i. A., Sulfoehc- leic. .See .-/., 7<J«r(7r^o/;V (Illus. Diet. ). A., Sulfocy- anhydric. A., Sulfoeyanic, CNHS, rliodanie acid (Illus. Diet i. A., Sulfoindigotic. See A., Indigostil-
fonic. A., Sulfoindylic. See A., Indigosulfonic. A., Sulfonilie. See A., Sulphanitic (Illus. Diet.). A., Sulfophenic. .See.-/., Sulphocarbolic \\\\vLi. Diet). A., Sulfophenolic, phenolsulfonic acid. See under Plicnohu^phonic (^VAwi. Diet. I. A., Sulfopurpuric. See A., /ndi<;otinmonosiilfiiric. A., Sulfosalicylic, C-H5SU5, an acid obtained from salicylic acid by the action of sulfuric anhydrid, occurring as white crystals soluble in water and alcohol, melting at 120° C. , and colored an intense violet-red by ferric ehlorid. It is used as a test for albumin in urine. Syn., A.^Salicyhtd-
fonic. A., Sulfothiocarbonic. See A.^ Xamhogcnic. A., Sulfotumenolic. See Tumcnol (Illus. Diet.). A., Sulfuric, English, ordinary sulfuric acid. A., Sulfuric, Fuming, HjSO, . SO3, an oily liquid, fum- ing in the air, obtained by roasting ferrous sulfate. Syn., Xordhau-en oil of vitriol ; Xordhauscn acid. A., Sulfurocarbolic, a combination of sulfuric and car- bolic acids, used as an antiseptic. A., Sumbulic, A., Sumbulolic. See.-/., .-///j-f/Zf (Illus. Diet. . A., Syl- vic, A., Sylvinic, Cj^Hj^Oj, a constituent of col- ophony which appears after much research to be a mixture of two acids, one dexlrorotary, the other levorotary. A, Tanningenic, A., Tanningic. See Catechin (Illus. Diet. ). A., Tartaric, Inactive. See A., Mesolartaric. A. of Tartar, lartaric acid. A., Tartarous, tartaric acid. A., Tartralic, CsH^- 0,1 (Schiff ), Freniy's name for a dibasic acid, oc- curring as an amor[)hous deliquescent mass t)btained by heating ordinary tartaric acid to 140°-! 50° C. Syn., A., Ditarlrylic : hotartaric acid : Ditartaric acid A., Tartrelic, CjH^O,^, is produced when tartaric acid is heated for some lime to 180° C. It forms deliques- cent crystals. A., Taurocarbamic, CjH^N^SO,, a uramie acid ap[)earing in the urine after the ingestion of taurin. A., Taurylic, Stadeler's name for a sub- stance discovered in cow's urine which proved to be eresol. A., Temulentic, C,.^H,,NO|„, a crystal- line acid isolated from seeds of Lolittnt tcmulcntitm, to which the vertigo produced bv the ingestion of this grass is attributed. A., Tetraboric, HjB,Oj, boric acid heated to 160° C. , forming a glassy mass. Syn., Pyroboric acid. A., Tetrahydric. Same as.-/., 7>//'d- 3
lomic. A., Tetrathiodichlorsalicylic, (Sj : C^HCl- [OH]COOH).„ obtained from salicylic acid by the action of sulfuryl ehlorid and heat ; it occurs as a red- dish-yellow powder, soluble in aqueous alkalis. It is antiseptic and used as a dusting-powder. A., Telra- tomic, an acid having 4 atoms of replaceable hydro- gen. A., Thebolactic, an acid found as a constant ingredient of opium, but later identified as ordinary lactic acid. A., Thiacetic. See .-/., Thioacetic. A., Thiacetylenic. See A., Thioacetic. A., Thio-, an acid in which sulfur is .substituted for oxygen. A., Thioacetic, C,H^OS, a clear, pungent, sour liquid with a sulfureted hydrogen odor, obtained from glacial acetic acid and phosphorus pentasulfid. It boils at 93° C. ; sp gr. 1.074 at 10° C. It is used as a substi- tute for sulfureted hydrogen in analysis. Syn., Etlianc- thiolic acid ; Thiacetylenic acid; Thiacetic acid ; Ace- tosulfuric acid. A., Thiocyanic. See A., Jihodanie (Illus. Diet.). A., Thiolinic, a dark mass, con- sisting of linseed oil and sulfur dioxid, used in skin diseases. Syn., Siilfurated linseed oil ; lliiolin. A., Thioncarbonthiol. See A.y Xanthogenic. A., Thionuric, A., Thiouric, CjH^NjSOj, a dibasic crys- talline acid obtained from heating alloxan with ammo- nium sulfite. Syn., Stclfaminbarhituric acid. A., Thiophenic, C.HjS.COOH, an oxidation product of thiophen and analogous in properties to benzoic acid. A., Thiophenuric, C.H-.NSOj, an acid formed in the body b\- the conjugation of glycocoll with thiophenic acid and eliminated in the urine. A., Thiosalicylic, C^HgSO.^, a brownish yellow ma.ss ob- tained from amidobenzoie acid by the successive action of nitrous acid and sulfureted hydrogen ; a surgical antiseptic. A., Thymic. See TXi-wp/ (Illus. Diet.), A., Thyminic, C,5H.,3X,0,.^P3, a secondary nucleinic acid obtained from adenylic and other primary nucleic acids after the separation of the nucleinic bases. On decomposition with strong sulfuric acid it yields a crys- talline substance called tliymin. A., Thymolsul- fonic, C,„H,,SO,, obtained from thymol by the action of stdfurie acid. It occurs in pearly crystalline i:)lates, soluble in water and alcohol, melting at 9I°-92° C. A., Thymonucleinic, C.i-H.,gN/).^„P3, a primary nu- cleinic acid occurring in the thymus gland and con- taining adenin and guanin as bases ; it gives rise to levulinic acid. A., Tiglic, A., Tiglinic, CjHgOj, an acid found in croton oil and Roman cumin oil, is a mixture of glycerol e.sters of various fatty acids, crys- tallizes in trielinic tablets soluble in hot water, melts at 64.5° C, boils at 198 5° C, and has an aromatic odor. S\n.^ A. ^n-Methvlc rolonic ; Crotonolic acid. A., a-Tolui'c, A., «-Toluyiic. See A. , Pheny'aeetic ( Illus. Diet.). A., Toluric, C|(,H,|NO„ a nitrogenous acid found in the urine and derived from the conjugation of glycocoll with toluic acid. A., Toncic. See Conmnrin (Illus. Diet.). A., Toxicodendric, ac- cording to Maisch, the active toxic princi|.'le contained in Rhus toxicodendron. A.. Tribasic, an acid hav- ing 3 replaceable hydrogen atoms. A., Tricarbal- lylic, C.,Hj(C( ).,M I3, is obtained as a by-product in the manufacture of beet-sugar and forms rjiombic cry-stals soluble in alcohol and water, melting at 158° C. Syn., A., CarballyHe : Propenyltricarboxylic acid; Glyceryltricarbonic acid. A., Trichlorbutylglycu- ronic, an acid occurring in the urine and pro- duced in the body bv conjugation of trichlorbuivl alcohol and of butyl chloral hvdrate with glvcuronie acid. A., Trichlorcarbolic. See Trichlorphencl (Illus. Diet.). A., Trichlorphenic. ."see Trichior- phenol (Illus. Diet.). A.. Trimethacetic, A., Tri- methylacetic. See ./., Valeric, Tertiary. A., Tri- methylcarbincarbonic. See A., Valeric, Tertiary.
ACID
34
ACIES
A., Tuberculinic, Ruppel's name for the micleinic acid conlameil in tlie lubercle bacillus to wliicli sub- stance its to\ic action is attributed. A., Tumenol- sulfonic, a substance obtained from tunieno! by action of iuniing sulfuric aciti ; used as a dusting-i)o\vder. A., Tyrosinhydantoinic, * ,o'^io-^2":i + HjO, one of the uraniic acids t'ormiug large transparent crystals and occurring in the urine after the administration of tyrosin. Syii , .4., /Iviiiintoin /lyc/rn/xifiiiiimnrii-. A., Ulmic or Ulminic, t-j,,! 1,(1,0,3 (')> ^ brown amorphous mass obtained from decomposing vegetable matter ; it is slightly soluble in alkaline solutions. A., Umbellic. (See lllus. Uict.) 2. Persoz's name for anisic acid, A., Umbellulic, an acid obtained from the seeds of California laurel, Uiiilhlliilaria (alifoniiai. A.s, Uramic, a .series of carbamid, — CONH compounds occurring in the urine after the ingestion of amido- acids. They comprise methyl-hydantoinic acid, tauro- carbamic acid, uraniido-beiizoic acid, and tyrosin- hydantoinic acid or hydaiitoin hydroparacumaric acid. They are found after the ingestion of sarcosin or methvlglycocoll, of taurin, amidobenzoic acid, and tyrosin res|)ectively. [Simon.] A., Uramidoben- zoic, CgHgN.^Oj, a uramic acid appearing in the urine after the ingestion of amidobenzoic acid. A., Uranic. See Uranium OxiJ, K>il. A., Ureous. See Xiinlhiii (lllus. Diet.). A. of Urine, I. Phos- phoric acid. 2. L'ric acid. A., Urobenzoic. See A., Hippiirii (lllus. Uict.). A., Urobutylchloric, (',i,H|5<.'l,< );, or ('iijUi-LljO;, a substaiice found in the urme after achninislration of butyl chloral. A., Uro- canic, A., Urocaninic, CijliijXjf),, an aromatic acid found in dog's urine. A., Urochloralic, an acid found in the urine after ingestion of chloral and formed in the body by conjugation of chloral with glycuronic acid. A., Uroerythric. See I'roeryllinit (lllus. Diet.). A., Uroleucinic. See.-/., Uroleiicic (lllus. Diet.). A., Uronitrotoluic, Cj^HuNOj, an acid found in die urine alter ingestion of orthonitiotoluene, occurring as a crystalline mass resembling asbestos with strong acid reaction and very soluble in water and alcohol. A., Uroproteic, t."„5H[|„N.,(|S; Ijj -i- nll/J, an acid found in the urine of dogs that had been fed exclusively upon meat. A., Urosulfic. Same as A., 'riiiouric. A., Uroxanic, C-jH^\,0|(, a dibasic acid obtained from an alkaline solution of uric acid exposed {o\ some months to the action of air free from car- bon dioxid. A., Urrhodinic, A., Urrhodonic, a highly aromatic substance isolated from urine, forming brown stellate aggregations of soluble crystals. A., Urushic, a monobasic volatile acid obtained from Rhus veinicifi'ra. A., Uryllic. Same as A., Uric ( lllus. Diet'.). A., Uvic, A., Uvinic. See A., Rai\mic (Ilhts. Diet). A., Valeric, Active. See A , MelhyUlhyUn,-tic. A., Valeric, Normal, C\\^- (CH.j)3C02U, an isomer of valeric acid, first prepared by Lieben and Rossi from pentonitril (C,H,,CX), is a liquid with o<ior of normal butyric acid, boiling at l86° C, melting at 59° ('.. Sp. gr. 0.9568 at 0° C. ; Syn., Pentoic aciii : Xormal propylacetic acid : hohutvl car- bonic acid. A., Valeric, Tertiary, (CHjljC . C'Oj,H, a fatty crystalline acid containing a tertiary alcohol radicle discovered by Hutlerow, who obtained it synthetically from tertiary butyl alcohol ; melts at 35° C, boils at 163° C. Syn.,. -y.,/VTv; //,-,• Trimclltylacctic acid ; Pseii- dcnnileric acid ; Trimcthacefic acid ; Pinalic acid ; Tri- methylcarliincarbonic acid. A., Vanadinic. See I'an- adium Bronze, Tahle of Pii^nicnts {\\\m?,. Diet.). A., Vanillic, A., Vanillinic,' C^H, . O4 . OCH.COOH, an oxidation product of vanillin, forming colorless needles soluble in water, in alcohol, and in ether, melting at 211° C. Syn., A., Mcthylprotocatechuic.
A.s, Vegetable, acids found in vegetable juices or struc- ture. A., Viburnic, ordinary valeric acid discovered in I'ihitrnittn of^nlns. A., Vieric. See I'icnn. A.s, Vinic, aci<ls obtained from alcohol by actitui of acids. A., Vitriolic, sulfuric acid. A., Xanthogenic, IIO . - CS . ,SH, an acid not existing in the free state ; the xan- thates are obtained from it. Syn., Sitlfothiocavbonic ; Thioncarbonthiol acid. A.s, Xanthoproteic, nitrogen- ous substances obtained from .solutions of proteids by action of nitric acid. A., Xanthylic, a primary nu- cleinic acitl yielding xaiuhin on decomposition. A., Xanthylicnucleinic. See A., Xanlliylic. A., Xeronic, CHuO,, a pyrocitric acid known in the form of its anhydrid as a liquid with peculiar smell, with sweet-bitter taste, sparinglv soluble in water, and boiling at 242° C. A., Xylonic, an oxidation product of x)lose. A., Yeast-nucleinic, L",„H5,|N„.O.^j. 2P,- O5, a primary nucleinic acid occurring in yeast ; it con- tains a carbohydrate group, as Kossel was able to ob- tain from it a hexose and a pentose. A. -yellow. See Pii^mcnls, 'J'abic cf (lllus. Diet ). A., Zizyphic, Latour's name for a crystalline acid found in an aque- ous extract of the wood of the jujube tiee, '/.izyplttis sutii'a.
Acidifiant {as-id-if ' -i-ant^ \jicidtnn, acid ; Jieri, to become]. Acid-forming.
Acidifier (as-id-if-i'-iir). One who or that which con- fers the properties of an aci<l upon a substance. For- merly oxygen was regarded as the essential "acidi- fying principle" or element.
Acidify (as-id^-i/-i). I. lo convert into an acid. 2. To render sour, to acidulate.
Acidifying Principle. See under Acidifier.
Acidimetric (aside-mct'-rik). Pertaining to acid- imetry.
Acidity. (See lllus. Diet.) A. of the Stomach, sourness of the stomach due to oversecretion of acid or to fermentation of the food.
Acidness [as'-id-)tcss). ^ame as Acidi^'.
Acidobasic, Acidobasigenous [as-id-o-ba'-sik, as-id- p-ba-ji/'-cn-iis) [acidiim, acid; Same, a foundation; jfr-rar, to produce]. Combining acid and basic char- acters.
Acidometer (as-id-oni'-c/-ur). See Acidimeter (lllus. Diet.).
Acidometric (as-id-o-met'-ri/;). See Acidimetric.
Acidopeirastica. See Aiidopeirastica.
Acidophil, Acidophile (as-id'-o-fil) [acidiim, acid; (^(/'K, loving]. I. .Susceptible of imbibing acid stains. 2. A substance having an affinity for acid stains.
Acidophilic, Acidophilous (as iii-o/'-i/-ii, -iis). Hav- ing special alhnity lor acid stains. Cf. Acidophil.
Acidosis [as-id-o'-sis) \cicidiiin, acid]. A condition of acidity.
Acidoxyl (as-id-oks'-i/). A compound of an acidyl or acid radicle with oxygen.
Acidulant ias-ia'-ii-/an/). Capable of imparting acidity or sourness.
Acidulate (as-id'-ii-/al) [cicidulare, to make sour]. To render acid or sour.
Acidulum [as-id'-u-hint) [L. dim. of acidimi']. An acid salt.
Acidyl (as'-idi/). The radicle of an organic acid, par- ticularly those hydrocarbons of the formula C„H2|,_|.
Acidylated ias-id'-i/-a-/ed\. Combined with the res- idue of a fattv acid (acidyl).
Acies. (See lllus. Diet.) 4. A ridge occurring at the intersection of two jilanes — as of bones. A. digitorum manus, the phalanges of the fingers taken together,
■ from their resemblance to a line of spears A. diurna. See //e-w/t-rnA'/w (lllus. Diet.). A. vespertina. See A'yclalofia (lllus. Diet.).
ACIESIS
35
ACNEMOUS
Aciesis (tis-i-e'-sis). See Acyesis.
Aciform (as'-e-forni) [«««, a needle; forma, form]. Needle-shaped ; acicular, aciculate, aciculiform.
Acin (as' -in). See Acinus (Illus. Did.).
Acinal {as'-in-nl). Pertaining to an acinus; acinous.
Acineses. See Akineses.
Acinesic, Acinetic. See Akinetic.
Acinosa tunica. See Tunica acinosa.
Acinose {^as'-in-oz). See Acinous.
PlCiuosus [as-iii-o'-siis) [L.]. Resembling grapes, acin- ous.
Acinotubular (as-in-o-tii'-hu-lar) \iiciniis, a grape ; liilnilii;, a tube]. Applied to a gland or other struc- ture having tubular acini or secreting sacs.
Acinous [as'-iiiKs) \juinus, a grape]. I. Relating to an acinus or having acini. 2. Resembling a grape or a cluster of grapes; composed of granular concretions; acinose.
Acipenserin yns-e-pcn'-sur-in'). CjsHjjNjgOj. A pro- t.imiii obtained from the sturgeon, Acipenser steltalus.
Acleidian ^ah-kli'-de-an) [a, priv.; x/.eif, the collar- bone]. Without clavicles.
Acme (See Illus. Diet.) 2. Acne; an acne papule; a wart.
Acmeochlorosis, Acmaeochlorosis {akme-o-klor-o'- sis). See Chlorosis atltillorum.
Acmeopimelorrhea, Acmaeopimelorrhoea (ak-me-o- pim-c/'Or-c'-a'i). See Sci'orr/iaa oleosa (Illus. Diet.).
Acmeopolysarcia, Acmaeopolysarcia (ak-mc-o-poi-e- sai'-sc-alt\. See Polysai cia adullor.um.
Acna {ak'-nah). See Acne.
Acne. (See Illus. Diet. ) ?isr\.. Acne varus : Whelk; Stone pock : Acne houtoniieuse ; Acne eruptive. A. albida. See Milium (Illus. Diet.). A., Arthritic, a form common in adults, especially in women at the climacteric and thought to be connected with the ar- tliritic diathesis. A. artificialis e bromio, A. arti- ficialis e pice, A. artificialis ex iodinio. See .4., Broiiiin-: .4.. Tar-: A., loa'in-. A. boutonneuse. See Acne. A., Bromin-, A., bromata, that due to in- ternal use of bromin. A. cheloidienne. See Derma- titis papillaris capillilii I Illus. Diet). A., Chlorin-, a form described by Her.xheimer, occurring among men engaged in manufacturing hydrochloric acid. The skin of the face was pigmented, comedones and pustules of varying size were thickly scattered over the face, brow, scalp, neck, back, upper thora.\. genitals, and inner surface of the thighs. Atheromas and curious cornifications resembling those of Darier's disease were present on the scalp. A. coagminata, a form of bromin-acne in which the groups of closely aggregated pustules form thick patches covered with scabs of dried pus, presenting beneath a dusky red and often moist surface. A., Concrete. See Seborrhaa sicca (Illus. Diet.). A., Congestive. See .-icne rosacea (Illus. Diet.). A. contagiosa, an inoculable pustular disease of horses, said to dilfer from horse- pox A. cornea. Same as Ichthyosis follicularis (Illus. Diet.). A., Elephantiasic. See Rhinophynia (Illus. Diet.). A. ephebica, a form peculiar to puberty. A., Epileptic, acne in an epileptic ; it is sometimes due to ingestion of bromin. A. eruptive. See .-^i/;!^ (Illus. Diet.). A. ex usu picis. See .■/<//,-, Tar-. A., Fluent-. See Scliorrhoa oleosa (Illus. Diet ). A. granulosa. See .-/., caehecticoruin ( Illus. Diet. 1. A. hordeolans, A. hordeolaris, a form with the ]ju>tules arranged in linear groups. A., lodin-, A. iodata, A. jodata, acne due to internal use of iodin or its compounds. A. luposa. See A. telangiecloiies. A. medicamentosa, acne due to the internal administr.a- tiiin of certain drags — as iodin, bromin, etc. A. miliaris, I. Milium. 2. A pustular variety of A.
rosacea. A., Miliary Arthritic. See A. caehecti- coruin (lUus. Diet.). A., Miliary Scrofulous, a va- riety of the disease usually occurring on the forehead ; the pustules are small, discrete, or couHuent, and often arranged in geometric tigures. A. moUuscoidea, A. moUuscum. See Molluscuin contagiosuin (Illus. Diet. I. A., Penicilliform. See Tinea asbestina and seborrhcea umianthacca (Illus. Diet.). A., Pilous, a variety of the disease in which the pustules involve the hair-bulbs. A., Pilous, Umbilicatid, a variety of the disease in which each ]>u>tule is umbilicated and pierced by a hair. A. psydracia, term used by Sau- vage to designate pustular acne. A. punctata albida. See Milium (Illus. Diet). A., Pustulous Disseminated, the name given by Bazin to A. sim- plex. A. rhinophynaa. Same as A. hypcrlrophica (Illus. Diet. ). A. rosacea congestiva. See .-/. /nyt^;-- trophica (Illus. Diet.). A. rosacea hypertrophica. See A. hypertrophica (Illus. Diet.). A. rosacea pustulosa. See Rosacea pustulosa. A. scorbutica, that associated with scurvy. Syn., Purpura maculosa. A. sebacea cornea. See Daricr's Disease (Illus. Diet.). A. sebacea moUuscum. See Atheroma (Illus. Diet.). A., Sebaceous, Crusty. See Sebor- rhcea sicca (Illus. Diet. i. A., Sebaceous, Dry, A. sebacea exsiccata. .See Xeroderma (Illus. Diet.). A., Sebaceous, Fluent. See Seborrhaa oleosa (Illus. Diet.). A. secretante, a comprehensive terai used by Bazin for anomalies of sebaceous secretion, including acne punctata and acne sebacea. A. Solaris, a form due to exposure to the sun, marked by red papules that seldom suppurate, occurring on the nose, lower evelids, and cheeks. A., Squamous, a form described bv .A.struc. perhaps seborrh'X'a sicca. A. strophulosa. See Milium (Illus. Diet.). A., Syphilitic, A. syphilitica, a form with inflammation in the lollicles appearing in scattered, pointed pustules with copper- colored base. Syn., Acnei/orm syphiloi/crm. A., Tar-, that due to prolonged application of tar to the skin, marked by red inflammatory papules with black points in the centers. Syn., Acne ex usu picis. A. telangiectodes, A. teleangeiectodes, Kaposi's name for a nonpustular disease having its origin in the hair- follicles and presenting smooth, shining, circumscribed hemispheric nodules, pale-pink to brownish-red in color, from a pinhead lo a cherrystone in size. Epi- thelial cyst formation and degeneration of the hair- follicle attends it. Syn., Disseminated follicular lupus simulating acne; Acne luposa; Lupus miliaris; Lupus follicularis acneiformis ; Acute disseminated nodular tuberculous lupus. A., Tennesson's, a disseminate variety of acne cornea. A. of the Throat. See Pharyngitis, Follicular (IWus. Diet.). A. tuberata, A. tuberculosa. See .-/. indurata (Illus. Diet.). A., Tuberculoid. See Mollusciivi contagiosum (Illus. Diet.). A., Tuberculous, Um- bilicated. See MoUuscum conta)^iosutn (Illus. Diet. i. A. umbilicata. See Mollttscitm contagiosum (Illus. Diet). A., Varicose, a form described by Astruc characterized by dilated superficial capillaries. A. varioliformis. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. See MoUuscum (W//rt;'w,(«/K I Illus. Diet. ■>. A. varus. See .-/(Hr' (Il- lus. Diet.). A. vulgaris indurata. See .4. indurata (Illus. Diet.) A. vulgaris simplex. See.-/, sim- plex (Illus. Diet.). A. vulgaris tuberata. .'^ee./. indurata (Illus. Diet.).
Acneform, Acneiform [ak'-ne-form, ak-ne'-e-form). Resembling acne.
Acnemia. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. A condition marked by total absence of legs.
Acnemous ((?/(■'-«(■- ///Hs) [o, priv.; k)//,u//, leg]. Having imperfect calves ; having nolegs.
ACOATHED
36
ACONITUM
Acoathed {,ik-dtlii1'). A Dorsetshire term for sheep nlk-ctcil with liver disease.
Acocantherin. See uinler Acokanlhem venenata.
Acoccygeus \ah-kok-siy-e-us') [«, priv.; KoKuvi, coc- cyx]. Uestitute of a coccyx.
Acodin (nk'-o-Jin). A preparation used in <ientistry said to consist of aconite, iodin, tannic acid, and glycerin.
Acoesis (a/;-<i-,''-sis). See AiiJitioii (Illiis. Diet.).
Acoeton, Acoetos, Acoetus \ak-o'-e-ton, -tos, -tits). See a>;i7//,7 (Ulus. Diet.).
Acognosia (•t/ikn^'-iio'-zd-u/i). See Aceognosia (Illus. Diet.).
Acography [ak-Of;'-ra/-f) [iikoc, a remedy ; jpaiptn', to write]. A description of remedies.
Acoin C. (•ik'-o-in). Hydrochlorate of di-para-anysil- mono-para-pheiietyl-giianidin, a white powder, used in I % aqueous solution as a local anesthetic. It is a powerful disinfectant and first introduced into medical practice by Darier for anesthesia of the eye.
Acoitus (iik-y-i/-iii). See Oxyinel (\\[us,- Diet.).
Acokanthera (ak-o-kan-Z/n-'-ra) [oKWK//,a point; avt>t)p6(, blooming]. A genus of plants of the order Apotyn- acete, A. abyssinica yields an African arrow-poison, ms/ian:^n^ secured from a decoction of the branches, the toxic property due to a crystalline glucosid, C.,3M^g().j, described by Brieger in 1902. A. deflersii anil A. schimperi are used as arrow-poisons in Africa. The poisonous jjrinciples are crystalline glucosids. A. venenata, (j. Dtjn. , a species indigenous to southern Africa, where a decoction of the bark is used by the natives to poison arrows. The poi-sonous principle is a glucosid, aiOcantkerin^ similar to or identical with otialhiln.
Acolabis (ak-o/''a/>-is) ['i»'c, a point; 7.aj3i^, forceps]. .\ double-toothed artery forceps devised by Puppi.
Acolyctin (ak-o-/ik'-tin). Htibschraann's name for an alkaloid derived from Actmifum Ivfoctontim^ Linn. .'\ccording to Wright and Luff, it is identical with aconin and jiseudaconin ; but according to Dragendorff and S[)ohn, it is a decomposition product of lycaconitin and myoctonin.
Acomus. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. See Acosmiis.
Acone {ak'-on C-) [L.]. I. A whetstone. 2. A levi- galion appliance. 3. A mortar.
Aconitate [ak-on'-i/dl). A s.alt of aconitic acid.
Aconitin (<;/!• !'«'-//-/«). (See Illus. Diet. ) 2. C,,|H,j- XO|., { Duustan), an intensely poisonous alkaloid from .-i?r(^/;/V//w //(?/(■////.« and other species ; it occurs as wliite flat crystals of slightly bitter taste, soluble in alcohol, ether, chloroform, and hot water; melts at i84°-i86° C. Dose, i,\^ gr. (O.OCX)3 gni.). .Syn., AcoiiiliLiim ; AcoiiHintiin ; AiOnilinm. 3. See AiOiiitina. A., Amorphous, a mixture of several bases found in the bulbs of .lioititiint napclltts. Its principal constituent is aconitin and picroaconitin. It is about 15 to 20 times less poisonous than pure crystallized aconitin. A., British, C,i;H,,,NO,.; (Wright), the alkaloid prepared by Morson from Atonitia/i fc-rox^ Wall. It is a yellow- ish-white crystalline powder, .soluble in hot water, sliglitly solulile in alcohol, ether, and chloroform. Dose, jij gr. (0.00026 gm.). Also called English Afonitin^ Ai-raconitin^ Moysoti" s XapelUn or Pure Afonitin^ Hithuhniann'' s Pscittfaconitin^ P/iiri-rgt-rs -Wpa/in. A. Bromhydrate. See A., -Hydiobroma/e. A., Duquesnel's. See A. Ki/rale. A., English. See A , British. A. Hydrobromate, C^iHj.jNOi^- HBr -I- 2j^H,0 (Jiirgens. ), from cryst.alline aconitin, occurring as small white tablets, soluble in water and alcohol ; melts at 163° C. Dose, the same as the crys- talline alkaloid- A. Hydrochlorate, CyH^NO,.;- HCl -|- 3H2O (Jurgens. ), a white crystalline powder
from crystalline aconitin, soluble in water and alcohol. Dose, about the same as the alkaloiil. .Syn., Atonitin ciilorhyiiratr, .4. /lyi/rihh/nrit,: A. Nitrate, C^jH^- NO,.^UN().,, fine white prisms or rhombic crystals, soluble in alcohol, slightly in water; it is iiighly poi- sonous and is used in neuralgia and rheumatism. Dose, about the same as the alkaloid. Syn., DiK/iiesneP s aconitin. A. Phosphate, a .salt of aconitin. It occurs as while crystalline jjowder, or as a yellowish-white amorphous powder. Soluble in water and alcohol. A. Salicylate, a salt of aconitin occurring as a white ciys- talline |)owdcr or as a yellowish-white amorphous pow- der. Soluble in w.ater and in alcohol. A. Sulfate, (C,|.|ll^.,N(_)|.;).,H.;SOj, a salt of aconitin occurring as a crystalline powder, in glass-like lumps, or as a yellow- ish-white amorphous powder. It is soluble in water and in alcohol.
Aconitina {nk-on-it-i'-ii:///). An impure aconitin, or combination of principles obtained from the root of Atonititiii n<rpc////s, Linn., as prepared bv Morson. It occurred in white grains free trom oiior. with a sharp bitter taste, not volatile, easily fusible, soluble in alco- hol and ether and in 60 parts of water at 60° F. or too parts at 212° F. Its salts do not crystallize, but form gum-like masses. It was regarded by the eclec- tics as *' too powerful a poison to be used internally," but was recommended externally in form of tincture or ointment in neuralgia or rheinnatism.
Aconitium Uik-o-nc'-slic-uin). See .honitin.
Aconitum. (See Illus. Diet. ) 2. A genus of herbs of die natural order Ktinuncnlaceir. A. anthora, Linn., a species native to Europe and the < >rient, and northern Asia. The roots have been employed in the treatment of thoracic affections. A. cammarum, Linn., a species native to Europe. Used as a source of aconi- tin. This is probably the species employed by Barou Stoerk, of Vienna, who introduced aconite into moflern practice in 1762. A. ferox, Wall., a species indige- nous to the Himalayan region. The root is employed externally, in tincture, for the treatment of rheuma- tism ; it is the source of British aconitin or pseiiJacon- itin, and of the arrow-poison known as Biilsnali-hish, bikh, bish, biskh, or Vis/ia, employed in killing tigers and other troublesome animals. It is regarded as the most formidable poison of India. A. fischeri, Reiehb. , a species indigenous to Siberia, but .said to grow in- the mountains of the western United States. It differs but little from ,7. napcllus in phy.siologic action. A. heterophyllum. Wall., a shrub, native of the Hima- layan region. The root, known as Attcs, Atis, or Utees, is sold in fine white powder as a tonic and febrifuge. It is intensely bitter and slighdy astringent, and con- tains considerable starch, which is prepared as food. It yields the nonpoisonous alkaloid atisin. A. japoni- cum, Decne., a Japanese species {tsaof/7iu'o), the rhi- zomes of which are kept in Japanese drug stores along with those of some six other species, usually preserved in vinegar, in urine, or by drying. Several alkaloids have been separated, of which Ja/>ae-onitin is said to- be the most poisonous of all aconite alkaloids. A. luridum. Hook, til., a Himalayan species occurring in connnerce with .-/. /?ro.r. A. lycoctonum, Linn., a species indigenous to Europe and ni>rthern .\sia. The leaves are said to be eaten as a potherb, though avoided by cattle. The root yields 4 alkaloids : /yra- {■onitin, mvoctonin, lyca^ouin^ and ncolytin. A. pal- matum, D. Don., a species indigenous to the Hima- layan region. The root is bitter and cont.ains a well- defined alkaloid the toxic properties of which are in dispute. A.paniculatum, Lamarck, a European spe- cies said to serve as a source of aconitin, although it is almo.st inert.
ACONITYl,
37
ACROMIS
Aconityi (<;^'-o«'-//-//). CJH3O3. The trivalent radicle of aconiiic acid.
Acopos {ah' -ko-pos\ [a, priv. ; ^o-ot;, pain, that is to say calmative]. I. .\ class of anodyne medicines. 2. Tlie *' refreshing" stone, described by I'liny as ** like niter in appearance, porous and starred with drops of gold ; gently boiled with oil and applied as an un- guent it relieves lassitude." 3. Aiuigyris Jaliila, Linn. (</. v."). 4. .Applied by Apuleius to manna.
Acopria (iih-iop'-re-n/i). See .-/iv/zm/j- ( Illus. Diet.).
Acoprous {ah-kop'-rits). Characterized by the absence uf e-xcrement in the bowels.
Acopyrin (ak-o-p't'-rin). A combination of aspirin and antipyrin ; it is used in rheumatism. Dose, 05 gm. 5 or 6 times daily.
Acoria. (See Illus. Diet ) 2. Temperance in eating. 3. .\ nervous affection of the stomach characterized by a sense of satiety.
Acorn-chocolate. See under ChocoUile. A. -sugar. See Qiunit \\\\ui. Diet.).
Acorum {ak'-or-tim) [(m<;/<cmi]. The root of the sweet- flag, At'onts calamus, Linn.
Acorus (ak'-or-iis) [I'lwi mr, the sweet-flag], .\ genus of herbs belonging to the natural order Aroiileir, A. calamus, Linn., sweet flag, a species common in swamps throughout Europe and the United States ; the rhizome is used as a carminative and aromatic. It yields acorin and calamus oil.
Acostnia. (See Illus Diet.) 3. .Ataxia. 4. Bald- ness. 5- -■'^"J" deformity giving rise to irregularity of the features. Syn., Actumr.
Acosmus [iik-oz'-mus). Affected with acosmia. Syn., Aiottnts.
Acosmy (ak-oz'-iiw). See Acosmia.
Acouoraeter. (.See Illus. Diet ) 2. An instrument devised by Marage arranged to give a typical sound of a vowel, which may be used as a standard to which other sounds may be referred.
Acouphonia [ah-koo-fo' -nc-ah). See Acouophonia (Illus. Diet.).
Acousia (ah-koo'-se-ah) [anovaia, constraint]. Involun- tary action
Acousmetric, Acousmometric [ah-koos-tml'-rik, ak- koos-mo-met' -rik'). Pertaining to the auditory sense or to the power of estimating the relative distance of sounds. .Syn., Acusmetricits : Acusmo/tic/ricHs.
Acoustica (ah-ioos'-tc-ka). Remedies for impaired hear- ing.
Acousticon {a/i-koos'-tik-oii). An ear-trumpet.
Acoutometer {ah-koo-tont'-et-cr). Same as Acoiimefer (Illus. Diet.).
Acquisitus (a/i-hoi-zi'-liis) [aaiiiirire, to acquire]. Ac- quired, said of habits, diseases, etc., not congenital or inherited.
A.ZT3iZ\\o\\3i {ak-ra-ko'-ie-ah) \^aKpaxo'/-in~\. A tit of pas- sion ; passionateness.
Acraconitin (ak-ra-kon'-i/-in). See Aconi/iii, Briiish.
Acracy {ak'-rase\. .See Aciasia (Illus. Diet.).
Acraldehyd [ak-rat'-Je-hiil). Bauer's name for croton aldehyd. .See under Croton (Illus. Diet.).
Acranius [ah-kra'-nc-tts) \tt, priv. ; Kfmvim\ cranium]. .A monster wholly or partly destitute of cranium.
Acratotherm {ah-ki\U' o thurni) [«, priv. ; xfinroc, mixed ; Qqitiij. heat]. I. .A hot spring yielding water pure and soft through absence of mineral cou'-lituent.s. 2. The water of a hot spring having a low percentage of saline constituents.
Acratothermal {ali-krat-othurni'-al^. .Applied to baths l)re()ared from mineral water of high temperature but with low percentage of solid constituents 150 gr. to a gallon). See under A/M.
Acribometer (akre-bom'-et-tir) [anptSij^^ accurate ;
lifrpuv, a measure]. .A device for measuring minute objects.
Acridity {ak lid'-il-c) [acer, sharp]. I. The quality of bemg acrid, cutting, pungent, bitter, irritative or cor- rosive. Syn., Acritiide : Aciidncss ; Acriiy,
Acridophagy (ak- rid- o/'-a -Je) [ovj'C, the locust; oir.cir, to eat]. I. The practice of feeding u|>on locusts. 2. All Ethiopian disea.se su])po.'-ed 10 be due to immoderate diet of locusts or to the penetration of the skin by these or other insects. 3. The condition of sores infested with maggots.
Acrisis, Acrisy (ak'-ris-is, ak'-ris-e). See Acrisia I Illus. Diet.).
Acritude [ak'-rit-ud). See Acridily.
Acrity (ak'-rit-e). See Acridity.
Aero iak'-ro). See Acroii.
Acroblast (ak'-ro-Hast) [iiK/jof, extreme ; ,3/oar6c, a. germ]. Kollmann's term for that part of the germi- nal membrane of the embryo which gives rise to blood- vessels filled with blood and probably connective tissue. Cf. Poreutes.
Acroblastic {ak-ro-l'ias'-tik) [a/i/wr, extremity ; S/.QnTOf;^ a germ]. Germinating at the end. Monocotyledonous.
Acrobustitis [nk-rolnis-ti'-tis). .Same as Acrobyslilis.
Acrobystia. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. Circumcision.
Acrobysticus [iik-ro-Hs'-lii-iis). Preputial.
Acrobystitis. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. Inflammation of the sheath of the penis in the horse.
Acrocheiron (ak ro-ki'-ron). See Acrocheir (Illus. Diet. I.
Acrochordus (ak-ro-kord' -us). See -•^f/crAon/oH (Illus. Diet).
Acrocolia {ak-ro-ko'-!e-a/i) [pi. of aKpOKu'/jor'\. The extremities of the body, especially of the lower animals.
Acrocomia {ak-ro-ko' -me-ah) \_fiKpo\\ the lop ; koiitj^ hair]. A genus of plants of the order Palvitr. A. lasiospatha. Mart., a species native of the West Indies. The pulp of the fruit is edible and the bitter nuts yield a valuable oil. A. sclerocarpa. Mart., the great macaw tree, a species native throughout tropical .America. One of the most highly prized palms of Brazil, Guiana, and the Antilles. The wood is useful for construction, and vields an alimentary farina resembling sago. The fibers are of value for textile uses. The young leaves foim one of the best of palm cabbages and a fine salad with oil and vinegar. The nut yields a valuable oil having the consistency of butter and an odor like violets. It is largelv used in soap-making and is deemed a sovereign remedy by the natives in affections of the joints, "bone-ache," etc.
Acrocyanosis {ak ro-si-an-o'-sis) [^aKfmVy an extremity; Kiainr, blue]. Blueness of the extremities due to vasomotor disturbance.
Acrodactylum (ak-rodak^-lil-iiiii) [a/iymr, apex ; 6nK- -I'/i'i;, a finger]. The apex, tip, or upper aspect of a digit.
Acrodynia. (See Illus. Diet.) -Syn., Pedionalgia epi- deiaica : Erythema cpidcmiciim. 2. Claras' term for a rheumatic disorder of the nerves.
Pkcroiyvty (ak' ro-diii-e). See .■4crodynia.
Acroganglion (ak-ro-i^^a/n.^'-g/c-ott* [^iinpnc, apex; }ijy- ;>/"!. ganglion]. The vertical brain of invertebrates.
Acrokinesis (ak-ro-kiit-e'-sis). See Acrocinesis (Illus. Diet. ).
Acrol (ak'-rol). CjH,. Acrolein (CjH^O) deprived of its oxygen.
Acroleate (ak-ro'-/c-a/). See Acryiatc.
AcTomia I ak-ro'-rac-ah) faK/jwH/d, the shoulder]. I. The acromion. 2. The withers of a horse.
Acromis, Acromium {ak'-ro-mis, ak-ro'-me-um). Same as Acromion ^Illus. Diet.).
ACROMPHALIUM
38
ACTION
Acromphalium, Acromphalum. See Acrotiiplujitis.
Acromphalus. (See llliis. Diet.) 3 The remains of the umljilical cord attaclied to the child.
Acromyle (nk-rom'-il-e) [u/c^jor, a point ; /iM;?, patella]. The patella.
Acron (<!/!■'- MiH I [L. pi. airoins']. I. The apex or ex- tremity of a structure or organism. 2. An irritating ointment.
Acronarcotic. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. An agent which combiner an irritating and obtunding etVect ; acting either directly upon the peripheral nerves when ap- plied externally, or upon the brain and spinal cord, producing paralysis, convulsions, and narcosis.
Acronychia \ttk-ro-ne'-ki:-ah) \j.iK^im\ point ; uvii, nail]. The tip of the nail.
Acronychous {ak-ron'-ikus) \niif>urvx'»:\ Furnished with claws, nail.s, or hoofs ; achronychous.
Acropinacon (iik-i-o-piii'-,ikoii] [mro/L'in : /'inaconc']. Cpll„<.)„. A substance obtained from acrolein by ac- tion of nascent hydrogen. Syn., Atrylu pinacon,
Acroplethysmograph \ok-ro-pleth-iz'->no-graf). See /'Ll/:vsmo^i<iph (Illus. Diet.).
Acrosaline (,ik-ro-sa'-liii) [i'<v/-, sharp; sal, salt]. HavMig acrid and saline properties.
Acrosarcous {^nk-ro-sar'-kus) [fjhywr, apex ; (rw/J^, flesh]. Having a fleshy extremity or apex.
Acrose \tik'-id-A. A substance isolated from the con- densation jiroducts of glycerose (an oxidation product of glycerol | and formaldehyd and forming the starting- point for the synthesis of fruit-sugar, grape-sugar, and monnose.
Acrostichum [ak-ros'-lik-iim) \_aKpoi\ a point ; arixn^, a line of writing]. A genus of ferns of the order Pol\poJiiti<:it. A. aureun», Linn., a tropical species ; the rhizome is used in decoction, for dysentery and dis- ease of the spleen. A salt prepared from the leaves is ai)plied to ulcers. A. dichotomum, Forskal, an Arabian species \_niedjabe f or !}u'jaliOi-st''\ ; the leaves are applied to burns. A. flavens, Humb. and Bonpl., a South .American species, used as a laxative. A. furcatum, Korster, an Australian species having edi- ble rhizomes. A. huacsaro, Ruiz., a Peruvian spe- cies ; the rhizomes enter commerce as a substitute for the true Riidix calagitahi. [Cf. PolypoJiitin cala^^unhjy Ruiz.] It is said to be sudorific and anthelmintic. A. sorbirolium. Willd., a West Indian species. The juice is mixed with oil, ginger, and pepper, and used as a cataplasm in sick headache.
Acroteriasis [ak-ro-tt'-ri-a'-sjs) [d/f/iwr/?/>/nCf"', to cut oft' the extremities]. . Mutilation by the loss of an ex- tremity, especially a hand or foot. In teratology, the absence of such a part.
Acroteriasmus (ak-ro-fc'-n'-os'-mus). Same as Am- tefiasis.
Acroteric (ak-ro-ter'-ik) [(iKpuTr/pm, the extremities]. Relating to the extremities; applied to conditions in which the extremities are most affected.
Acroterion {ak-ro-le'-re-oii). See Acroteria (Illus. Diet.).
Acroteriosis ink-ro-te-ri-o'-sis). See Acro/ennsh.
Acrothorax ( nk-ro-fhor^-nks) [^I'jKpnHupni. slightlydnmk]. I. Easily intoxicated. 2. On the point of intoxication.
Acrothymiosis, Acrothymium (nk-ro-t/ii-iiu-o'-sis, ak- ro-(hi^-nie-ton) [('(/./lor, pointed ; Qviuov, a large wart]. See Condylovut aciimiii<ttitm.
Acrotrophoneurosis \n k-t-o-lro-fo-nu-ro' -sis) \aKpov, an extremitv ; rpntiii/, nourishment ; vtvpni\ nerve]. A trophic disturbance of the extremities of central origin.
Acrozymus [ak-ro-zim'-its) \aKp6^v^iOf^, slightly leav- ened]. Impregnated with leaven.
Acryl [iik'-ril \. .See Allyl (Illus. Diet.).
Acrylate [ak'-ril-at). A salt of acrylic acid ; acroleate.
Act ((T/f/) [ageif, to put in motion]. The fulfilment of a purpose or function. A., Imperative, the act of an insane person in response to an imperative morbid im- pulse. A., Sexual. See Coi/iis (Illus. Diet.).
Actinesthesia {ak-lin-es-ilit'-se-ah) [axWf, a ray; o((7^;/rr/r, sensation]. 'l"he capacity of certain larvas which are destitute of any appaient visual organ for perceiving light and distinguishing the direction in which it appears.
Actiniform (ak-liii'-c-forw) [a/iWf, a ray; ftn-ma, form]. Kay-shaped; radiate.
Actinism. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. The radiation of heat or light, or that blanch of science which tre.its of it.
Actinium {ak~tin'-e-iifti^ \JiKT'tv, a ray]. A supjiosed element discovered by I'hipson in 18S1 in a.ssociation with zinc. It is metallic and is said to resemble titanium.
ActinobacUlosis {ak-tin-o-has-il-o'-sis') [asr/c, ray ; ha- ciUus\ A disease of cattle and other domestic animals due to a bacillus which produces radiate structures in the affected tissues. It is of frequent occurrence in Argentina. Pota-ssium iodid acts almost as a specific.
Actinobolia (ak-tin-o-ho'-U-ah) \iuiTivn(io'/-iiv, to radi- ate]. I. A term formerly used to express the process by which the impulses of the will are conveyetl to the different jjarts of the bodv. 2. \'an Helmont's term for the j)henomena now included under hypnotism.
Actinobolism, Actinobolismus (ai-tin-ol>'-o-/izm, ak- tiit-ob-o-liz' -utus). See Aitinoholia.
Actinocerate, Actinocerous {ak-tin-os'-ur-al, -us) [oKr/f, a ray; Kipar, a horn]. Having horn-like pro- cesses radiately arranged.
Actinochemistry [ak-tin-o-koii'-is-tre') [n/iT/f, a ray; Xi}mi(i, chemistry]. Chemistry which deals with the decomposition of substances by light.
Actinodermatitis {iik-li>i-o-iiiir-iija--li'-/is) [rtKri^, a ray ; ty^piui, the skin]. Cutaneous lesions produced by application of the x-rays. Syn., Radiodernuititis.
Actinogram (nk-tiii'-o-grnm) [ai^vir, ray; }paipeiy, to write]. The record made by the actinogiaph.
Actinograph (nk-/iii'-o-gi(if). An apparatus to meas- ure the actinism of sunlight.
Actinography. .See Ac/i/io/i'xy.
Actinology. (See Illus Diet.) 2. The science of the chemic action of radiant light; actinography. 3. The part of zoology which treats of the Kadiala.
Actinolyte {ak-tin'-o-ht\\_aK-ii;, a ray; '/.i-uv, to loose]. .■\n ai)paratus designed for use in actinotherapy.
Actinomeris [ak-Ziii-otu^-nr-is) [nK7/f, a ray ; l^spi^, a portion]. A genus of plants of the order Coniposi/a. A. helianthoides, Nutt. , a North American .species, said to be beneficial in cases of gravel and dropsy.
Actinometer [nk-lin-om'-et-er) [fiKr/r, a ray ; fiirpnv, mea.sure]. An ap]iaratus for determining the intensity of the solar heat-rays.
Actinometry (ak-tiji-flin'-et-re). The measurement of the intensity of the radiation of the sun.
Actinomycotic I nk-tin-o-mi-kot'-ik). Dependent upon or jjertaining to actinomycosis.
Actinophthalmic \nk-tiii-of-lliaI'-mik) [iJATir, a ray; h'Mii'/ 11'";, the eye]. Furnished with eyes the choroidal tapetum of which has a high capacity for reflecting light.
Actinotherapy (ak-tin-o-llwi-' -ap-e\ [nK'ir , a ray ; f^epa- Tviia, therapy]. The therapeutic use of actinic rays.
Action, (See Illus. Diet. ) A., After-, the brief persis- tence of negative variation of the electric current in a -tetanized muscle. A.s, Animal, voluntary move- ments. A. of Arrest. See Inhibition (Illus. Diet.). A., Automatic. See A., Reflrx I Illus. Diet.). A., Capillary. See Allraction, Capillary (Illus. Diet.).
ACTIVATE
39
ADDITA.MENTU^^
A., Catalytic, A., Contact. See Gj/irfvsis (Illus. Diet.). A., Cumulative. See under L'liimilalive (Illus. Diet.). A. -current. See under Current (Il- lus. Diet. I. A., Diastaltic. See.-/., /iV//..r (Illus. Diet.). A., Electrocapdlary, eleetric phenomena resulting from chemie reaction between dissimilar fluids connected by a capillary medium. A., Inhibitory. See Inhibilion (Illus. Diet. 1. A., Local, the produc- tion of currents between different parts of the same cell of a galvanic batter)'. A.s, Natural, the vegetative funetion.s. A., Peristaltic. See Ptriitahis (Illus. Diet. ). As, Private, those which eojicern only indi- vi<lual parts. A.s, Pseudomotor. lleidenhain's term for phenomena resulting from stinmlation of the chorda lympani alter section of the hypoglossal nerve ; move- ments due to vascular or lymphatic engorgement. A.s, Public, those that concern the body as a whole as contrasted with private action. A.s, Respective. Same as A., PrivttU. A., Safety-valve, the incomplete closure of the tricuspid valve, especially in cases of re- sistance in the pulmonary circulation. A., Sexual, func- tioning of the generative ai)paratus. A.s, Vital, those essential to the continuance of vitality, as of the heart and lungs.
Activate \:tk'-liv-at) [actitare, to act]. To render active.
Active, Optically. Possessing optic rotatory power.
Activital {n/t-tiv'-it-ul >. Relating to activities.
Activity. (See Illus. Diet. 1 A., Optic, the property (dis- covered by Biot in 1815) of certain chemie molecules to rotate the plane of polarization, due to the jjresence of one or several asymmetric carbon atoms in the mol- ecule of every optically active body. Cf. Rotatorv Powt-r. A., Sense of Muscular. See Muscular Soise, under Muscular (\\\\x?,. Diet.).
Actol Uik'-lol), The commercial name for silver lac- tate (,/. v.).
Acaate (iii-'-u-a/) [ncucre, to sharpenl. I. Sharp. 2. To render sharp, pungent, or corrosive.
Acuclosure {(i^-u-l'lo'-zur) [iicux, needle; clautlcrc, to close]. A method of arresting hemorrhage by the aid of a needle whicii holds the artery closed for a day. It embraces acupressure and acutorsion.
AcudactOT iai-u-ilui'-Zor) [ncus, a needle; ttucere, to lea<l]. A needle conductor.
Acuition (ak-u-!slt'-un\ [iicuerc, to sharpen]. In- creased effect of a drug's action by the addition of aiii>thrr drug.
Aculeatociliatus (ak-u-lc-at-o-sil-e-at' -its') [acuUtis, a sting ; cilium, an eyelash]. Beset with stiff bristles or cilia.
Aculeous i^nk-u'-If-us). Having the form of a spine, prickle, or sting.
Acumen a/i-ku'-mcn) ['L.'\. A tapering point, a sting ; a bony projection applied espeeiallv to the tuberosity of the ischium. A. nasi, the pointed contraction of the nose preceding death.
Acumination [ak u-min-a^ -shuii\ \_ncufiiiuarc^ to sharpen]. The state of being taper-ix)inted, or the process of becoming so.
Acuophonia. See Acouof^honia (Illus. Diet.).
Acupunctation (ak-u-punk-ta' -shun^. See Acufunc- lure (Illus. Diet.).
Acupunctural (ak-u-punk' -tu-rnl). Used for acupunc- ture.
Acupuncture. (See Illus. Diet.) A., Electrolytic. See Elect' oputitturc. A., Multiple, the operation of making a number of punctures.
Acusia {ah-k<^o' -se-ah) \Iikqvuv, to hear]. The faculty of hearing; audition.
Acusimeter, Acusiometer (ah-koo-sim'-ct-cr, ah-koo- sc-om'-et-ei). Same as .•/<-<)«/«<■/«■/• (Illus. Diet.).
Acustica {ah-koos'-lik-ah). See Acoustics (Illus. Diet.).
Acutangulatus i^ak-utang-ula'-tus). Having acute angles.
Acuticostal {ak-u-tekos'-lsl) [acutus, sharp; coitn, a rib]. Having projecting ribs.
Acutissimus {ak-u-tis'-im-us) [superlative of aculus, acute]. Exceedingly acute, malignant.
Acyanobleptic (ali-si-nn-o-tilep'-lik). Affected with or pertaining to aeyanoblepsia.
Acyclia [ali-sik'-le-ak) [«, priv.; kvk'.-uv, to circulate]. An arrest of the circulation of body-fluids.
Acyclic {ali'Sik'-likj. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. Not characterized by a self-limited course. Cf. Cvclic.
Acyesis, Acyisis. (See Illus. Diet.) 3. Incapacity for natural deliver)'. Syn., Acicsis.
Acyeterion i^<is-i-et-c'-rc-ou) [(i/viTz/^j/or, an abortive drug]. .\n aborlifacient procedure, drug, or instru- ment. Syn., Acylerion; Acyteriwii.
Acyoblepsia {as-i-o-blep' -se-ali). Same as Aeyanoblep- sia I Illus. Diet.).
Acystonervia, Acystoneuria [ahsisto-ntir'-ve-ak, ■iiu'-re all). See Acystiiiei-'ia (Illus. Diet.).
Acysturotrophia {ak-s/it-u-ro-tro'-/e-ali} [i/, priv.; KvoTir^ the bladder ; o/yjor, urine ; -/wof/i', to nourish]. .Atrophy of the urinary bladder.
Adaemonia. See AJeiitonia | Illus. Diet.).
Adaggregated (ail-ng'-re-ga-teii) [<?(/, to ; aggregare, to adhere to]. Attached by some part of the body.
Adamantoblast (adam-ant'-o-blast). See Ameloblast (Illus. Diet.).
Adamicus {ad-am^ -Ik-US'). Pertaining to or resembling .\dam ; said of any red earth (owing to the myth that .Adam was made of red earth) Cf. Terra adamica.
Adamkiewicz's Serum. See Cancroin (Illus. Diet.).
Adanto blaka. A malady common among the negroes of the gold coast and of frequent prevalence in the tropic zone, due to an animal parasite.
Adapter (ad-ap'-ter) [adaptare, to adjust]. I. .Any- thing which ser^'es the purpose of fitting one thing to another. An instrument by means of whicli the direct electric current may be adapted to the various forms of eleclrotherapeutic treatment. 2. .A piece of tubing used to connect the neck of a retort with a receiver. 3. .A microscope attachment for centering or decenter- ing the ilhiininating apparatus. 4. A collar used to fit an objective to a different nose-piece than that for which it was made.
Adaption [ad-ap'-skuit]. See Ada/if a/iiin (Illus. Diet.).
Adarcion, Adarcis, Adarcos (ad ar'-seon, adar'-sis, ad-ar'-k^-'s). See ,■/</,//-.<• (Illus. Diet.).
Adarenalin. See Adrenalin.
Adclivitas (ad-kliv'-it as) [aeclivitas, an ascent ; pi., adelfT'itates]. .A prominence, pmjeeticn, or elevation. A. tibiae, the irregular tract (spinous process, spina media, eininentia intercondyloidea I between the articu- lating facets on the head of the tibia.
Add -add {ad' -ad). '1 he Abyssinian name for the leaves of Celastrus serratus (5?. 7'.)-
Adde {<rd'-e\ [imperative sing. o( adderc, to add]. Add; a direction used in prescription writing.
Addephagous. See .4depkagous 1 Illus. Dict.V
Addiment (ad' -im-ent) [ada'ere, to add]. Ehrlich and Morgenroth's term (1899) for an active thermolabile substance (destroyed by a temperature of 56° C. ) con- tained in normal serum and capable of rendering the immune body of Ehrlich active, and .setting up b.icleri- olysis and hemolysis. .See Complement.
Addimentary (adim-ent'-ar-e). Pertaining to addi- ment.
Additamentum. (See Illus. Diet.) A. ad sacro- lumbalem. See .Muscles. A. neeatuni, the olecra- non. A. suturae lambdoidalis, the occipitomastoid
ADUITIOX
40
ADENOLYMPUATOCELE
sulure. A. ulnae, the radius. A. uncatum ulnse, the olecranon.
Addition {ihi-is/i'-tin) \jiihl.re, to add]. Tlie formation of a molecule by the direct union of two or more difl'cr- ent molecules wiiiiout decomposiiion. A., Com- pound. See under CompL'iinj, A. Product. See under Priuliiit. A. -reaction. See under Kiii^lion.
Addle [tjJ'l) [-^S., (/.//, diseased]. A provincial name for abscess.
Adduct (iiil-iikt') \iiJJucn;\ to bring toward]. To draw toward the median line of a body.
Adductorius (tul-ukt-o'-rc-iis) [luljiua-c, to lead to]. Adducent. Adductoria fila. See /'rus/'/iysfs.
Adelodermatous, Adelodermous [,!ii-i-/-o-iiiii-'-mii/-iis, aii-dl-o-iiit>' -niii^^ [n(^///rir, not seen; i^tjtiia, skin]. Having concealed integument; as invaginated tracLs.
Adelos, Adelus (luZ-f'-los, -/us) [«(!;//.»;■, not seen], i. Inappreciable, not apparent, insensible (said of tiermal transpiration). 2. Obscure, ill-delined (said of symp- toms).
Adelostomatous (aif-ei-o-sfo'-iii,i/-iis) [(i(I;/?,or, not seen ; nvi/ua, the mouth]. Having the mouth con- cealed.
Adelphia. (See Illus. Diet ) 2. .-K form of monstrosity characterized by the union of two organisms above, the lower portions being separated.
Adelphism {<ul-d'-fizm). ^ee A,llfi/iia (Illus. Diet.).
Adelphixia, Adelphixis {ad-d-fiks'-c-ah, ail-fl-fiki'-ii) [>'uV'/o(5";, brotherhood]. The sympathy or relation- ship of tlie tlilferent parts of the body in dise.ise.
Adelphotaxy \<ul'ii-fo-tiiks'-c) [aiSfZoof, brotherhood; Tannuv, to arrange]. The tendency of motile cells to arrange themselves into definite positions.
Adenandra [tui-i it-an' -iirah) \_!uMji\ a gland; hvi/p^ a man]. A genus of plants of the order Riitincu'. A. uniflora, \Villd., a species native of southern Africa. The leaves are u.sed for sophistication of buchu.
Adenanthera (ad-en-an-thc' -riih] ['i'i;/r, a gland ; aftiiifxir, blooming]. A genus of plants of the order Ligumiiwsu-. A. pavonina, Linn., a species indigen- ous to tropical Asia A decoction of the leaves is used in rheumatism, the root as an emetic, and the scarlet lenticular seeds are used as weights (averaging 4 grains) and in treatment of hydrophobia and epik'i^sy. The wood yields a red dye.
Adenasthenia {ad-en-as-Ihe' -ne-ah') [ri'5'/i', gland ; (iGtitirfa, weakness]. A disorder of the stomach characterized by diminished and enfeebled secretion without anatomic lesion.
Adendric {uh-doi'-dri/;) \n, priv. ; 6ivfi[mv, tree]. Unprovided with dendrons.
Adendritic [ii/i-d,n-dri/'-ik) [a, priv.; (V rd/ioi^, tree]. Without dendrites.
Adenectomy (ad-en-ek'-lo-mc) [n(''/r, a gland ; fi<Teiii-Fii\ to cut out]. The e.xcision of a gland.
Adenectopic (ad-cii-ck-top'-ik). Pertaining to adenec- topia.
Adenemphratic (od-i-n-em-frat'-ik). Pertaining to adenemjihraxis.
Adenia. (.See Illus. Diet.) A.s, Angibromic, Piorry's term for diseases of the glandular adnexa of the digestive tract. A., Leukemic, that form accompanied by mcrease in the number of the white blood-corpus- cles. A., Simple, that form which is unaccompanied by any increase in the number of the white blood-cor- puscles
Adeninhypoxanthin (ad-enin-hipo-zait/h'-in). C5H5- Nj + CjIIiN.O. ,A compound of adenin and hypo- .xanthin first observed bv Kossel and isolated by Bruhns, occurring in thick, starch-like, semitransparent masses, becoming white and chalkv.
Adenitis. (See Illus. Diet.) Syn., PhUgiiiasia adt-n-
osa ; Phftgmasia gliiiidiiloui. A. axillaris, infiamma tion of the axilKary glands. A. cervicalis syphil- itica, an engorgement of the cervical lymphatic glands ; a sign of syphilitic infection. A.. Chancrous. See Biilh\ \'irii/cnl. A. cubitalis, Griinfeld's term for intiamniation of the epilrochlear lymphatic gland. A. e blennorrhoea. See Buho, Ci'itori liml. A. e scle- rosi. See Aiuitost/t'rosis 1 Illus. Diet.) and HiiIh\ In- dol.ul. A. exulcerata, Griinfeld's term for ulceration following suppurating bubo. A. ex ulcere contagi- osa. See Bii/'<\ rini/i-nt. A. femoralis, (iiiinleld's term for inllammation of the lymphatic glands in the subinguinal triangle. A. gangraenosa, Griinfeld's term for inllannnalion of a hinpliatic gland resulting in gangrene. A. hyperplastica, (_irLiiifeld's term for a bubo in which plastic exudation prcdoniinates. A. inguinalis. See /Ww (Illus. Diet 1. A.. Lymph- atic. See Lyinpluidt-iiilis (Illus. Diet ). A. Meibomian, inriammation of one or more Mc:ibomian glan<ls. Cf. Chalmion. A., Mesenteric, inflamma- tion of the lym|)hatic glands of the mesentery. A. palpebrarum contagiosa. See Conjiiitclhiln, Pnru- Uiit. A. pubica, bubo of the pubic region, often accompanied by suppurative lymphangitis of the dor- sum of the penis. A. scrofulosa equorum. See Strangles (Illus. Diet ). A., Syphilitic, Primitive. .See Bubo, Sy/'hilitic. A. universalis, a widespread induration of the lymphatic glands accompanying pri- mary syphilis. A. venerea. See I'liitiral Bubo (Illus. Diet.). A. vulvovaginalis, inflammation of the vulvovaginal gland.
Adenoblast. (.See Illus. Diet.) 2. Haeckel's name for an embryonic cell which forms a gland.
Adenocellulitis [,i,i-,ii o-srl u-li'-tis) [lifSz/i', a gland; i-,.'/ii/ii, a small cell]. Inflammation of a gland and the surrouniling cellular tissue.
Adenochondrius [ad-en-o-kon' -dre-us) \nfiiiv, gland ; loj'fi(», caitilage]. Involving both glands and carti- lage. Cf. AylUrophviihi ndenockofidriu/ti, a swelling of the glands and cartilage of a joint.
Adenocyst {nd-vn'-o-sist) [li'''/!', a gland; kvuti^, a bladder]. .A cystic lymphatic gland ; a glandular cyst, (-'f. Aiiiiiivystomti (Illus. Diet.).
Adenodermia (ad-en-odur'-me-n/i) [hiM/v, a gland ;
'U,
skin]. Disease of the glands of the skin.
Adenofibrosis {iid-cn-o-fi-bro' -sis) [n'!//i', a gland ; Jil'i'd, a fiber]. Fibroid degeneration of a gland, par- ticularly the inflammatory neoplasms involving sudor- iparous glands, due to infection with Botryoniyces. (_T. B:'/ryoiii]u osis.
Adenographer (nd-cn-og'-ra-fuy). A writer on glands.
Adenographia. Adenography (ad-en-o-gr,if'-e-nli, ad- en-og'-nij c) [('»';/r, a gland; -jpaipeiv, to write]. A treatise on glands. Cf. Adenologv (Illus. Diet.).
Adenohypersthenia (ad-en-o-hi-piir-sthe'-iic-ali') \ni^)iv, a gland; /'ta/i, over; atihv^, strength]. Excessive activit)' of the glands. A. gastrica, a condition characterized by the secretion of gastric juice aljnor- mally rich in hydrochloric acid or excessive in qxiantity.
Adenoid. (See Illus. Diet.) A. Cancer. See . -/</(•«(>- <<jirfihVf/<f I Illus. Diet.). A. Face. See /vztv. A. Growth. See A. lege/a/ioiis (Illus Diet.). A. Muscle. See T/iyroadenoideus, under Muscle.
Adenoids. Set Adenoid vegetalions (WW^. Diet.).
Adenolipomatosis (ad-en-o-lip-o-mat-o'-sis) [(iri//i<, gland ; '/.'i':7<k, fat]. A diseased condition of the lym])h- atie system characterized by fattv deposits in the neighborhood of the neck, axillas, and groins. It is generally unattended with pain. Syn., Multiple lipo- tihis : Syiunh'trii lipomas of nervous origin.
Adenolymphatocele (ad-en-o-lim-fat'-o-sll). See Lymfi/iatoeelc (_Illus. Diet.).
ADENOLYMPHITIS
41
ADHATODA
Adenolymphitis (ad-m-o-lim-fi' -tii). See Lymph- adenitis (lllus. Diet.).
Adenolymphoma (tKl-en-o-lim-fo'-mah) [nrf//!', gland ; Ivnipiiti^ lymph]. A combined adenoma and lymph- oma. See Lyinpkadenonta (IIIus. Diet.).
Adenoma. (See lllus. Diet. ) 2. Any tumor which has as its characteristic feature, tubes or spaces lined with epithelium, whether or not it arises from or is con- nected with a gland (White). A., Acinous, that in- volving acinous or racemose glands. A., Alveolar, one that contains alveolar or acinous gland-structure. A., Blepharo-. Sec Bkpharoadenonia (lllus. Diet. ). A. carcinomatodes renis (Klebs), a renal neoplasm probably derived from aberrant adrenal tissue in the kid- ney. Cf. /iesls. Adrenal, and Slruiiue lipomalodes aber- ra/te renis (Grawitz). A. carcinomatosum, A., Car- cinomatous. See Ad'tiaiarcinoma (lllus. Diet.). A., Cylindric. See A., Tuhular. A., Cylindro- cellular. See Cystoma proliferum^ glandulare and C. p. papitlare. A., Cystic. See Adenocystoma (lllus. Diet.). A. diffusum, hyperplasia of the mucous membrane with predominance of glandular elements. A. fibromatosum. See Adenofibroma (lllus. Diet.). A. fibrosum, a fibrous growth in the stroma of a gland. A., Keteropodous, one arising from the metastasis of normal glandular tissue. A., Lupiform. See Lupus erythematosus ^ lllus. Diet. I. A., Muitiglandular, one composed of an aggregation of small glands. A. myomatosum. .See Adeno- myoma (lllus. Diet.). A. rayxomatosum. See Adenomvxoma (lllus. Diet.). A., Papillary, A. papilliferum, a form arising from either tiie alveolar or tubular adenoma through stronger growth of the epithelium and the formation of papillas of connective tissue. A. polyposum, polypous formations which consist of overgrown glands. A., Racemose. See A., Acinous. A., Renal, glandular carcinoma of the kidney. See Strunue lipomatodes aberratiz renis (Grawitz) and Rests, Adrenal. A. sarcomatosum. See .-Idenosareoma (lllus Diet.). A. simplex, simple hyperplasia of glandular tissue. A. sudiparum, multiple papule-like cystic growths of the sweat- gland. Syn., Epithelioma adotoides cysticuin. A. su- doriparum, a cutaneous tumor involving hyperplasia of the sweat-glands. Cf. Hidrosadenitis (lllus. Diet.). A., Tubular, one after the type of tubular gland.s. A., Umbilical, a tumor at the navel originating through the coalescence of Meckel's diverticulum with the umbilical ring through which the intestinal mucosa appears in the navel. Syn., Intestinal ectropia. Cf. Cystadenoma, .Xeoplasma\}\\\is. Diet.). A., Uniglan- dular, an adenoma involving but a single gland.
Adenomatome {ad-en-o' -mat-otu) \_adenoma ; row//, a cutting]. Cutting forceps or scissors for use in the re- moval of adenomatous grftVths.
Adenomatous {ad-en~o'-mat-us). Pertaining to an adenoma ; characteristic of glandular hyperplasia.
Adenomeningeal (ad-cn-o-men-in'-je-al ) [(i'S/yi', a gland; ,u//iij;, a membrane]. Pertaining to or affect- ing the glands of a membrane. Cf. Fever^ Aden- omenin;^eal.
Adenomyoma. (See lllus. Diet.) A., Branchio- genic, cyst-formation in consequence of the inflamma- tion of tliL- mucous bursa in the median line of the neck.
Adenomyxosarcoma {ad-en-o-miks-o-sar-ko'-mah\. A rare combination of malignant tumor fonns (observed in the cervix uteri ) ; a primary adenoma with secon- dary sarc<^ma and finally myxomatous degeneration of the stromas.
Adenonervous {ad-en-o-nun't -us). See Adenoneurolic (lllus. Diet. I.
Adenonkos, Adenonkosis (ad-en-ong' -kos, ad-en-ong-
io'-sis). See Adenoncus and Adenoncosis (lllus. Diet.).
Adenopathia, Adenopathy. (See lllus. Diet.) A., Angibromic. See Adcnias, .-ingibromic. A., Pri- mary, the lymphadenitis resulting from primary syph- ilitic infection. A.s, Syphilitic, the enlarged and in- durated cervical, inguinal, and cubital glands sympto- matic of syphilitic infection. A., Tracheobronchial, A., Tracheobronchic, hypertrophy of the |ieribron- chial lymphatic glands observed in the course of various diseases, causing spasmodic cough. A., Tracheo- laryngeal, inflammation and hypertrophy of the tracheolary ngeal lymphatic glands.
Adenopharyngeal (f7(/-('«-<j-/W;'-/«'yV-/7/) [«'i//i*, gland; olipv}^, pharyn.x]. I. Pertaining to the thyroid gland and the pharyn.x. 2. See under Muscles.
AdenophoTSL (od-en-o/'-or-a/i) [air/v, a gland; Ofpeiv, to bear]. A genus of plants of the order Canipanulaceit. A. tracheloides, Maxim., a species indigenous to China, where the root is used as an expectorant and emollient. A. verticillata, Fischer, a species found in Japan and northern Asia ; it has properties similar to the foregoing.
Adenosarcorrhabdomyoma {ad-en-o-sar-ko-rab-do-mi- o'-mah). .\ neoplasm composed of the elements of sarcoma, adenfima, and rhabdomyoma.
Adenosis. (See lllus. Diet.) A. scrofulosa. See Scrofula (lllus. Diet.).
Adenostyles {ad-en-os' -til-ez\ \h<^rp', a gland ; ori'/M, a pillar]. A genus of plants of the order Composite. A. alpina. Kern., and A. viridis, Cass., two species indigenous to Europe, are employed in infusion for the treatment of coughs.
Adenosynchitonitis (ad-en-o-sin-ki-ton-i'-tis') \afiijv, gland; oir, with; v'""'- a covering]. I. Inflamma- tion of the Meibomian glands. 2. Ophthalmia neo- natorum.
Adenotome {ad'-en-o-tom) {adrjv, a gland ; Toni/, a cut- ting]. An instrument for incising a gland.
Adenotomic (ad-en-o-loni'-ik). Pertaining to aden- otomy.
Adenotyphus (ad-en-o-ti'-fus). See Typhoid Fei'er (lllus. Diet.).
Adeps. (See lllus. Diet. ) 2. Fatness. 3. Animal fat. A. anguillae, the fat of eels. A. anseris. goose- grease. A. colli equini, the fat of the neck of the horse, used in veterinary practice. A. curatus, a preparation of lard, 48 parts, and I part of Peruvian balsam. A. ex fele, cat's grease. A. lanae hydro- sus. See Lanolin. A. medullae bovis, beef mar- row. A. mineralis. See /'<•/;•(>/,//«;« (lllus. Diet.). A. ossium. See Ossalin. A. ovillus, A. ovis, mutton tallow. A. oxygenatum, oxygenated lard. A. pedum tauri, neat'sfoot oil. A. petrolei. See Petrolatum (lllus. Diet.). A. porci, A. porcina. See A. suillis (lllus Diet.). A. taxi, badger's grease.
Adermogenesis, {ahdur-mo-jen'-es-is) [11, priv.; df/ifin, skin ; yinaic, generation]. Deficient cutaneous de- velopment.
Adesmia. (See lllus Diet.) 2. A genus of plants of the order Lcguminosa: A.balsamica, Bert., and A. balsamifera. Hook., are indigenous toChili and yield a balsam used as a vulnerary.
Adgenic, Adgenicus (ad/en'-ik, ad-pen'ik-ns) [ad, to ; j^ena, the chin]. Attached to the genial tubercles or apophyses.
Adhatoda {ad-hn-to'-da") [from the Tamil name]. .\ genus of plants of the order .-Icanthace,-. A. hys- sopifolia. Sees., a species native of South Africa; the willow-leaved Malabar nut ; bitter, aromatic. A. vasica, Nees. , a species native of tropical Asia. The
ADHESION FIGURES
42
ADOXA
Malabar nut. The juice of the leaves is used as an expectorant. The leaves, flowers, and root are con- sidered antispasmodic and are given in asthma and intermittent fever; also in rheumatism. The fresh flowers are hound over the eyes in cases of ophthalmia. In decoctiim the leaves witli other remedies are used as an anlluhnintic. The nut is eminenagog and used to exprl the dead fetus. [Boerhaavc.]
Adhesion Figures, ^ee under /•^'■v;v.
Adhesive. (See Illus. iJict.) 2. Resulting in or at- tended with adhesion.
Adhesiveness (ml-Zif'-sw-nes) \_iuf/ucrfn\ to adhere]. I. That power, state, or quality of a sulistance which enables it to adhere to some dissimilar substance. 2. In phrenology, the faculty or organ that is the seat of the desire for companionship. 3. The faculty of per- tinacity, referred to the upper occipital convolutions.
Adhesol [lui-Zw'-sol ). A surgical dre.ssing said to con- tain copal resin, 350 parts ; benzoin, 30 parts ; oil of thyme, 20 parts ; «-naphthol, 3 parts ; tolu balsam, 30 parts ; ether, looo parts.
Adhibition [iiJ-/iil>-is/i'-o)i) \_adhHiirc, to employ]. The use or administration of a remedy.
Adhyoid \aJ-lii'-oid). Adherent to the hyoid bone.
Adiaphora (ah-tii-iif -or-ah). Neutral or inert sub- stances. Cf. .■/(//«/>//wo«.f (Illus. Diet.).
Adiaphorosis {(i/i-tii-iif-or-o'-sis). See AJiiip/ioresis (Illus. Diet.).
Adiaplast (ml-i'-a-plnst) [lididTrXacrof, not yet formed]. .\n abortion.
Adiarthrotos (ah-di-ar-lhro'-tos) [iiil/ii/(f)u7or, not jointed]. I. Without joints, unjointed. 2. Inarticu- late (applied to speech).
Adiathermic {ah-,ii-a-lhur'-niik'] [<?, priv.; iVii, through; th ,iiuin'tn\ to lu-'at]. Impervious to ladiant heat.
Adiemorrysis, Adiaemorrhysis [ij/i-di-i-->iioi-'-e-sis) [n, priv.; dm, through; a'liia, blood; /""'f, flowing]. Failure of the circulation of the blood through the veins, due to some obstruction.
Adietetic (itk-di-ct-cl'-ik) [u, priv.; (^min/viKnr, relating to diet]. I. Unwholesome for food. 2. Unmiuiirul of dietetic requirements.
Adin \iid'-iii). See Bi//>o (Illus. Diet.).
Adipalis (iid-i/>'-a/-is) [^(tde/s, fat]. Belonging to or derived from fat, greasy.
Adipatum {iid-i/>'-(i-fiim). An ointment base said to consist of lanolin, vaselin, paraffin, and water.
Adipatus (itd-i/>'-a/-us) [L.]. Adipose.
Adipid {ad'-i/i-id) \iidepi, fat]. Any fatty proximate principle derived trom animal matter.
Adipocele (nd'-ip-o-sl!) [iidt'/i.i, fat, v'/''). rupture]. A true hernia with hernia sac, containing only fatty tissue
Adipocellular (^ad-ip-o-sel'-u-hir). Made up of fat and connective tissue.
Adipocera [ad-ip-o-se'-rnh). .See Adpotrrc (Illus. Diet. ). A. cetosa, spermaceti.
Adipocira [nd-ip o-si'-njh). See Adipoct've (Illus. Diet ).
Adipociriform ( ad-ip-o-si)''-e-form\. Resembling adip- ocere.
Adipofibroma [ad ip-o-fi-bro'-viah\. A combined fatty
anil flbruvis tumor. Adipolysis ind-ip-o/'-is-is) \adeps, fat; /'o/f, dissolu- tion]. The cleavage or hydrolysis of fats in the pro- cess of digestion by the action of a fat-splitting enzyme. Cf. Stcnpshi. Adipolytic (ad-ipo-lit'-ik'). I. Efficacious in the di- gestion or cleavage of fats. 2. -\n agent efficient in fat-digestion. Cf. Strtipsiii. Adipometer ((7i/-;/-r)H/'-i'/-«''l [ndeps, fat; inrpm\ a measure]. An instrument for the estimation of fat.
Adiposis. ( See Illus. Diet. ) A. dolorosa, a dystrophy of the subcutaneous connective tissue, somewhat re- sembling my.xedema, and characterized by formation of noj.lules of soft tis.sue throughout the connective tissue of the body ; persistent pain and bronchitis ; I )cicum' s disease.
Adipositas. (See Illus. Diet. ) A. cordis, a fatty con- dition of the heart.
Adiposuria (<ia-t/-o-st/-rt'-tt//). Sec Pimcbtria and Lipiiria (Illus. Diet.).
Adipsa (iid-iji'-sa/i) [neut, pi. of adipsiis, without thir.st]. 1. Remedies to allay thirst. 2. Foods which do not produce thirst.
Adit [(id'-il) \_iidi/us, entrance]. An entrance, an- tonym of exit.
Aditus. (See Illus. Diet.) A. ad antrum, the outer side of the attic, opening upwartl, backward, and out- ward into the mastoid antrum. It gi\cs lodgment to the head of the malleus and the greater part of the incus. A. ad aquseductum Sylvii, the entrance to the ventricular aqueduct situated at the lower posterior angle of the third ventricle of the brain. A. ad in- fundibulum, a smaller canal extending from the third ventricle into the int'undibulum ; it is also called vulva. A. ad laryngem. See A. Utrriigis (Illus. Diet.].
Adjuster. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. A device for holding together the two ends of a silver wire sutin'e, to .secure approximation of the parts without strains on the tis- sues.
Adjusting-cone (ad-jiisl' -ing-koii'). An instrument for a.^cerlaining the distance between the axes of the eyes when they are parallel.
Admaxillary (ad-tii,iks'-il-a-re). Pertaining to maxib larv structures. Cf. Gland, Adiiiaxillai y.
Admove, Admoveatur (ad'-iiw-ve, ad movt-n'tiir) [iinpt-r. sing, and 3d pers. sing., subj., pass., ai ad/no- i-fit; to apply]. Apply ; let there be applied ; direc- tions used in prescription-writing.
Adnasal (ad-iia'-sal) [ad, near to; iiasiis, the nose]. I'ert.iining to the nose. See under Bone.
Adnexopexy iad-iic-is'-o-peks-f). Surgical elevation of the proiaj>sed ovary and tube.
Adnexum (<i.A«i/(-.f'-«"/) [L \>\.,adii,:xa']. An apjien- dage. Adnexa oculi, the appendages of the eye, as the lids and lacrimal apparatus. Adnexa uteri, the ovaries and fallopian tubes.
Adonidin. (See Illus. Diet.) A. tannate, yellowish- brown powder soluble in alcohol, slightly soluble in water; it is used as the glncosid.
Adonin (ad'-on-iti). Same 2A Adonidiu (Illus. Diet.).
Adonis [ad-o'-iiis) [Adoii/i, a youth loved by Venus]. A genus of European herbs belonging to the order Kannnctilatcir A. flammea, Jacq., a species native of Europe and the Orient. The leaves are used as a vesicant. A. vernalis, E., a species indigenous to Europe and northern Asia. The root aflords a red dye, and adonit {q. v.'). A. vernalis, Tincture of, it is used as a cardiac stimulant, aiuipyrelic, and diu- retic. Dose, 3-20 tT)^. Poison. Antidotes: emetics, tannin, brandy, ammonia, and opiimi.
Adonit \ad'-o-nil\. Q.^\.\0\\-^). An optically inactive pentite occurring in .-tdoiiis -vcnia/is, forming trans- parent needles, .soluble in alcohol and water, melting at 102° C.
Adopter I .((Ao/'-Av). See .Adapler.
Kdox\>\Xi\{ad-oiii'-it-al) [<!(/, near to; oiliifa, orbit]. Pertaining to the orbit. See under Bo>if.
Adosculation. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. \n articulation in which one part is inserted into the cavity of another.
Adoxa \ad-oks'-ali) [a, priv.; tio5«, honor]. -V genus of plants of the order Capri/oliaceie. A. moschatel-
ADRACANTHIN
43
AERODIAPHTHOROSCOPE
Una, Linn., a species found in Europe, norlhern Asia, and N'orlli America. It has been used as a detergent ami anlispasnuidic.
Adracanthin, Adracaiitin [ad-ra-kan' -thin, -tin). See BaiLonll (lllus. Uict. ).
Adraganthin [^ad-ra-;.^an' -thin). See Bassorin.
Adrenalin (nJ-ren'-til-in). C'l^HuNOj (Takaniine). The active principle of the suprarenal gland, isolated and named by Jokichi Takamine in 1901. It occurs as mi- nute white crystals soluble in water slightly acidulated with hv^irochloric acid. A. chlorid, used in solution of I : 10,000 to I : 1000 in surgical operations on the eye, ear, nose, urethra, etc.; it acts as a powerful astringent, hemostatic, and heart tonic.
Adrenitis (ad-ren-i' -tis\. Inflammation of the adrenals.
Adrenoxin (ad-reit-ois'-iii) [^adrenal; oj|j.'t7;]. Sajous' name fur an organic compound or oxidizing substance formed in the lungs by the internal secretion of the ad- renals combined with the atmospheric o.xygcn. He claims that this substance endows the blood-plasm with its oxidizing properties.
Adsternal (itd-stiin!'-(il)\_ad, near to ; sUriiuiii^ Per- taining to or situated near the sternum.
Adstrictio i^ad-slrik'-slie-o) [ads/riiix'i're, to draw to- gether; pi., adstnclionef^. i. The retention of any natural excretion. 2. The action of an astringent. 3. The ligation of a blood-vessel. A. alvei, consti- pation.
Adstrictory (ad-strikt'-or-e'). Astringent.
Adulterant {ad-tU'-tur-ant). I. The .sub.stance used in tlic process of sophistication. 2. One who adul- terates
Advancement. (See lllus. Diet.) A. of the Round Ligaments, an operation for replacement ot the uterus by taking up "the slack of the round ligaments." See under Operations. A. of Tenon's Capsule. See ./., Gipstilar [\\\v.i. L)ict. ).
Adventitia. (See lllus. Diet.) A. capillaiis. See Pcrilli,-!iuni (lllus. Diet.).
Adventitial {ad-vcn-tish' -al). See Adventitious (lllus. Diet. I.
Adynamia, Adynamy. (See lllus. Diet.) A. uteri, atony of the uterus. A. virilis. See Impotence (lllus. Diet.).
Adynamicoataxic (ad-iit-aiii'ik-o-nl-nks'-ik). Per- taining to or characterized by adynamia and ataxia.
Adynamon, Adynamum [^ad-in'-amon. ~itm) [«fii rn- )iiir, without strength]. A preparation of must resemb- ling sterilized grape-juice.
Adynasia, Adynatia (ad-iii-a'-ze-u, adin-a'-she-a). See .■Idviifrmii! (lllus. Diet.).
Aedes [u-e'-dez] [ri'/'t'/c, unpleasant]. A genus of dip- terous insects (mo.squitos) founded by Meigeu 1 1818), belonging to the suborder Xemoeera and to the family CiilieidiC. Palpi in both sexes less than one-half as long as the ]>roboscis ; upper side of thorax without a line of bluish scales [Coquillet]. A. fuscus, O. S., the only species found in the United States, and that rare ; color brownish with golden-yellow scales on the thorax and crown ; white bands on the abdomen.
.^gle {e'-:;/e) [«(}-///, splendor]. .\ genus of nilaceous l»i:uits. A. marmelos, the baei or bel tree, is a native of India, where the root, leaves, flowers, fniit, and bark are used in medicine. It furnishes the fruit known as IJengal quince, a nutritious fruit used in dyspepsia and constipation. A decoction of the dried unripe fruit is used in diarrhea ; the rind furnishes a yellow dye.
Aerate (a'-er-at). To supply with air ; to cKarge with gas; to oxvgenate. carbonate, etc ; to arterial ize.
Aerated. 1 See lllus. Diet.) 2. Charged with oxygen ; oxygenated, arterialized.
Aeration. (See lllus. Diet.) 2. The act or operation of providing with pure air. Syn., Aerosis. 3. E. Darwin's term for arterialization.
Aerator ( a'-er-n-tor). A machine for forcing gas or air int*> liquids.
Aerelaterometer {a-er-el-at-ur-om'-et-tir). See Elut- eromtter.
Aeremotoxia, Aeraemotoxia (aer-em-o-toks' e-a/i). .See .■ieyheinoetouiit (lllus. Diet. ).
Aerenterasic [^a-er-en-titr-a' -sik) [«///), air; kvrepoy, the intestine]. Flatulent, tympanitic.
Aerenterectasis [a-ei-en-tur-ek'-ta-sis). See Aeren- /tr:it,isiii (lllus. Diet.).
Aerethmia (a-er-eth'-me-ah). See Eiiip/ivsema (lllus. Diet.).
iEreus (e'-re-us). Pertaining to copper, brass, or bronze ; bronzed. Cf. Cutis area.
Aerhematoxia [n-er-/iem-a-loks'-e-a/i). ^e Aerkemoc- t.'iiia ( lllus. Diet.).
Aerhydrous {(i-er-hi'-drus) [a')p, ait; iiiup, water]. (Containing air and water.
Aerie ( a-er'-ik). Capable of oxidation.
Aericolous {a-er-ik'-oi-us) [<ifr, air ; ro/f/-^, to inhabit]. Inhabiting the air.
Aerifer {a-ei'-if-ur). See Aeriferous (lllus. Diet.).
.ffirifer {e' -re-fur) \ces, brass; fine, to bear]. Contain- ing co]iper, brass, or bronze.
Aeriform Ka-er'-i-firm) \jter,2\x\ finita, form]. Air- like, gaseous.
Aerify («-£»■'-«;/?) \oer, air ; fieere, to make]. I. To fill with air; to combine with air. 2. To change to a gaseous slate.
Aerivorous((7-t;--/z''-»;-«j) [<7iv, air; vorare, to devour]. Living upon air. Cf. Aerobiotic.
Aerize (a'-er-iz). I. To aerate or aerify. 2. To con- \ert into the gaseous state.
Aeroanaerobic [n-er-o-an-a-er-o'-bik). Applied to or- ganisms which are both aerobic and anaerobic.
Aerobia. (See lllus. Diet.) A., Obligate, organisms dependent upon free oxygen at all times ; never anaero- bic.
Aerobian (n-er-o'-be-an). I. Same as Aerobe. 2. Ferlaining to an aerobe ; requiring free oxygen.
Aerobion (n-er-o' -be-on). Same as Aerobe (lllus. l)iet. ).
Aerobioscope (a-er-o-bi'-o-stop) [aiiii air ; /?'nf, life ; akii-ui\ to examine]. Of Sedgwick-Turner, an ap- paratus, consisting of a glass tube of special form for collecting and liltering the bacteria from the air
PLeTohious(a-er-o'-6e-us). See Aerobiotie (IWui. Diet.).
Aerocele (ff-^'-ii-rf/) [u;yp, air ; ;i;//'^. rupture]. A rare affection, consisting of a tumor varying w ith respiration, found in the thyroid region, usually unilateral, with walls resembling mucosa and containing mucous or muce>puRilent matter. It is sometimes congenital, but oftener the result of violent coughing or straining. 'I he acquired cases may disappear spontaneou.sly. Syn., Aerial bronclioeele ; Aerial goiter; Pneumatocele ; Tracheocele: Hernia of the trachea : Luftkropf.
Aerocolpos {a-ero-kot'-pos)\itii)>, &n\ «»/..TOf, vagina]. Dilation of the vagina by means of air.
Aeroconoscope (a-cr-o-kon'-os-kdp\. See Aeroconiscope (lllus. Diet. ).
Aerocystoscope (a-er-o-sist'-o-skip). .Same as Aero- urcthroscope.
Aerocystoscopy (a-er-o-sist-os'-ko-pe). See Aeroure- Ihroscopy (lllus. Diet. ).
Aerodensimeter [a-er-o-den-sim'-et-er). See Man- ometer (lllus. Diet. 1.
Aerodiaphanometer {a-er-o-di-af-an-om'-et-er). See Lactoiiiclcr ( lllus. Diet.).
Aerodiaphthoroscope Uier-o-di-af-tlw'-ro-skdp) [li'/p.
AERODUCTOR
44
AFFECTUS
air ; inio6npd, comiption ; CKo-iiv, to examine]. An apparatus for estimating the purity of the atmosphere. Smj. , Dialhoroscopiiini.
Aeroductor (^n-ero-iliik'-lor) \j)tr, air ; ductte, to ieatij. An apparatus to prevent aspliy.xia in the fetus when the aftercoming liead is retained.
Aerodynamic {n-tr-o-tti-nam'-ik). Of or pertaining to aerodynamics.
Aerodynamics [a-i'r-d-iii-nam'-iis) [n'//i, air; iivauic, energy]. 'I'lie science wliicli treats of llie laws reg- ulating tlie motion of elastic Huids, their properties and mechanical eftccts when in motion.
Aerogoniscope {a-cr-o-gon'-is-kop). See Aeroconis- cofi (lUus. Diet.).
Aerographer (a-tr-og'-iti/-ii>) [ii'ip, air; j/MJof/r, to write]. One who treats of the air and its properties.
Aerography (,/ crog'-mf-t). \Virele.ss telegraphy.
Aerohydrotherapy. See Anoliydropalhy (Illus. Diet.).
Aerologia (^a-er-o-lo'je-ab). See Aerology (Illus. Diet.).
Aerologic (a-er-o-loj'-ik). Of or pertaining to aerology.
Aerologist (ii-ir-o/'-ojist). One versed in aerology.
Aeromechanics (a-er-o-me-kan'-iis). See Pneiima- ti.s (Illus. Diet.).
Aerometric (n-fi-o-iiu/'-rik). Of or pertaining to aertunetry.
Aeromicrobe, Aeromicrobion {a-er-o-mi'-ktoh, -kro'- he-,n). See .l,r,'/',- (Illus. Diet.).
Aeroniscope (^ii-e>-on'-is-kdJ>). See Aeroconiscope (Illus. Diet.).
Aeroperitonia. Siee Afriperi/onin (Illus. Diet.).
Aerophagy (a-er-of'-a-je\ [«'//), air; (jiayiiv, to eat]. 1 lie imbibing and swallowing of air, especially ob- served in hysteric patients ; called cribbing or crib-bit- ing in horses. It occurs among some lower animals wlien iVigiitened.
Aerophane (a-cr'-o-faii) [iirip, air; ipaveiv, to show]. Thin or transparent as air.
Aerophil {a-er'-o-fil) [«///i, air; 6i/.tn; to love]. An ojien-air loving person or creature.
Aerophilous (a-cr-o/'-i/-iis). Fond of the open air.
Aerophobe ((i-cr'-o-/i>l>) [«;//), air; oo im;, fear]. One who dislikes or dreads the open air ; aerophobus.
Aerophobic {a-fr-o-Jo'-hik). Afraid of a draft, or of cont.ict with the open air.
Aerophobus {ii-cr-o-fo'-bits). An aerophobe.
Aerophorous {n-tr-o/'-ur-iis) \ai/p, air ; pipTiv, to bear]. Containing or conducting air ; aeriferous.
Aerophthora («-<7'-o/'-//;t>;--<7/;) [«^/), air ; oWop.i, corrup- tion]. X'itiation of the air. Syn., Aerodiaphthora.
Aerophthoricus ia-erof-lkor'-ik-its) [ai/p, a.\r ; ^Wo/m, comiptiiin]. Relating to or affected by vitiated air.
Aerophysic {n-t-r-o-fis'-ik) [«';/», air; ouffav, to blow]. Inflated; distended with air ; flatulent.
Aeropleuria [a-er-o-p/u'-ye-ah). See Pnnimothorax I Illus. Diet.).
Aeropneumonasia {a-er-o-fitt-moti-a'-sf-ak). See Em- pkysi-iiitt , /'uliilouitry (Illu.s. Diet.).
Aeroporotomy {a-er-it-por-oi'-o-vte) ["/y^j, air ; ~opor^ a |i<ire ; ro//;}, a cutting). The operation of admitting air to the lungs, as by intubation or tracheotomy.
Aerosis. i See Illus. Diet.) 2. Refrigeration by means of an air-current.
Aerosphere \i>'-ii-os/ei) \aiip, air; coaipn, a globe]. The atmosphere.
Aerostathmion i a-er-o-slath' -nw-oit^ ["'}/'. air ; arnfiiiinv, a balance]. An instrument for estimating the varia- tions of temperature and weight of the atmosphere.
Aerostatic {,i-i-r-o stn/'-ik). Of or pertaining to aero- statics ; airy, pneumatic.
Aerostatics (a-er-o-stal'-iks) [u'lp, air ; arariKO^, caus-
ing to stand]. That branch of pneumatics which treats of the e(juilibriuni, pressure, and mechanical properties of tjuiescent air or gases.
Aerothermotherapy {aer-o-tkiir-iiw-l/ier'-ap-e) [ni/p, air ; »'P!"/, heat ; Uepa-eia, therapy]. Treatment with hot air.
Aerotractor {a-ti-o-lrak'-lor) \aer, air ; Irahen, to draw]. See Tim/or, Air-.
Aerotympanal (ii-er-o-tiiii'-pn>ial) [«///>, air ; ri /i77avm; a drum]. Pertaining to the air and the tympanum. ( r Air, hiiinlc.
Aerourethroscope ^a-er-o-u-reth'-ro-skop) \aiip, air; III l>i/Hliii, urethra ; osoirei)', to examine]. An instru- ment modified from the endoscope used in acroureth- roscopy. Syn., Aeroiystosi-ope.
Aeroxerotes (o-cr-o-zer'-o-llz) \aiip, air ; ff/i<>f, dry]. Dryness of the air.
Aeroxerotic, Aeroxeroticus (a-er-o-zer-ot'-ik, -us). Relating to or caused by the dryness of the air.
Aerozol la-cr-o-zo/') [jiiip, air; b^en; to smell]. A mixture of essential oils containing 75 ^f of ozone ; it is used by inhalation in catanhal affections.
Aerva [a-t-r'-i'tt/i) [.Ar, ]. A genus of plants of the order Aniitraiiliuedc. A. lanata, Ju.ss. , a species native of tropical .\sia and .Vrabia. It furni.shes chaya root, which contains a mucilaginous principle and has been used as a diuretic, in strangury, and as a depurative.
.ffiscigenin trs-ij'ai-in]. See Esiigeiiiii.
iEsciorcin, ySsciorsinol. See Esaorsin.
iEsculetin. See Escii/c/in (Illus. Diet.).
iEsculus (t's'-k/i-/tis) [L., the Italian oak]. A genus of sapindaceous shrubs and trees ; buckeye. A. glabra, <Jhio buckeye. The bark is tonic, astringent, and antiperiodic. Dose, of fluid extract, 10-20 tt\^ (0.6-1.2 c.c. ). A. hippocastanum, horse-chestnut. The bark is tonic, astringent, antii>eriodic. Fluid ex- tr.act.dose, 20-60 Tt\^ (o 12-3. 7 c.c). A. pavia, red buckeye. The bark has been used as a febrifuge. The fruit is said to be an active convulsant.
.ffisthema {ei-tlic'-niah) [aiatii/ua ; pi. asthemales^. A percei)tion, .sensation, sense.
.ffithal. See £■//;<;/ (Illus. Diet.).
^thomma [c/k-oin^-ti/i] [oJ^or, of a burnt color; oiiun^ the eye]. I. Fare's term for a pigmented condition of the humors and tunics of the eye. 2. KUhn's term for a morbid conilition marked by flashes of light and flame appearing before the eye.
.ffithusa [e-thu'snh) [oiWfn-, to light up]. A genus of umbelliferous herbs. A. cynapium, I.., fool's pars- ley. It is stomachic, diuretic, and emmenagog.
Affection. (See Illus. Diet.) A., Parainfectious, one in which the symptoms or conditions are only in- directly related to the disease named ; a by-condition or accessory infection of certain diseases characterized by the appearance of symptoms attributable to a side or secondary infection, as in the case of noma occur- ring in cases of measles and due to infection with diphtheria. A., Pneumogastropituitous. Sec Per- tussis (Illus. Diet.). A., Polyuric. See Lilhiiria (Illus. Diet). A., Primary, one indejiendent of any preceding disease. A., Secondary, one that is a complication or sequel of a preexisting disease. A., Vaporous. See I'apors (Illus. Diet, 1.
Affectus. (See Illus. Diet.) A. flatulentus, hypo- chondriasis, melancholia, vapors. A. hyderodes, dropsy. A. hystericus, hysteria. A. implicatus, a complicated disease. A. magnus [Hippocrates], epilepsy. A. melancholicus, melancholia. A. mirachialis, abdominal pain or disease. A. prse- cordialis. See J/vt'or/ioitdrinsis ; or Mt-ltiiuht'lia I Illus. Diet. \. A. spasmodico-convulsivus labio- rum. See Tic douloureux 1 Illus. Diet.).
AFFINITAS
45
AGARICIN
Affinitas (i7/-/h'-//-.w). See <4^«//j' (Ulus. Diet. ). A. adjuta. See Affinity, Medintiiig. A. animalium, pliylogenetic relationship among animals. A. ap- propriata, A. approximata. See Affinity, Mediating. A. compositionis. See Affiinity of Composition. A. divellens. See Affinity, DivelUnt. A. mix- tionis. .See Affinity of Composition. A. producta. See Affinity, DirviiopcJ. A. quiescent. .See --Iff'n- ity of Aggregation. A. reciproca. ^ee Affinity, Re- ciprocal. A. synthetica. See Affinity, Cliemic (Illus. Diet.).
Affinity. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. In biology, morphologic, physiologic, and pliylogenetic relationship between organisms. A. of Aggregation, cohesive attrac- tion ; llie mechanical atifinity of similar molecules tending to the formation of masses. Syn., A., Quies- cent; Affinitas quiescens. A., Alternating Elective. See A., Reciprocating. A., Appropriate. .See A., Mediating. A., Complex. See A., Double. A. of Composition, the tendency of substances to unite directly without previous decomposition. Syn., Affini- tas compositionis; .A. mi.xtionis; .4., Simple; A., Single; A., Compound; .A., Mixing. A., Com- pound. See A. of Composition. A., Compound Elective. See A., Dotihle. A., Developed, tli:it ex- hibited by compounds, but which was not possessed by the constituents separately. Syn., .Affinitas pro- ducta ; Resulting affinity; Secondary affinity. A., Divellent, the tendency to form new compounds at the expense of decomposition of those previously ex- isting. Syn., .Affinitas dii'cllcns ; Separating affinity. A., Double, A., Double Elective, that in which two new compounds result from a double decomposition. Syn., A., Comple-x ; A., Compound elective. A., Elementary, i. That which exists between the ele- ments of two or more compounds. 2. Physicochemic relationship of elementary substances. A. of Heat, the tendency of certain bodies to absorb heat with consequent decomposition, and recomposition on cooling. A., Imparted, A., Intermediate. .See A., Mediating. A., Indirect. See .A., Elective (Illus. Diet.). A., Inducing, A., Inductive. See A., Mediating. A. of an Intermedium. See A., Mediating. A., Mechanical. See .A. of -Aggrega- tion. A., Mediating, that by virtue of which a sub- stance lacking the power of combination with a cer- tain substance secures it by preliminary combination with another. .Syn., .A., .Appropriate ; A., Imparted; A., Intermediate ; .A., Inducing; .A., Inductive; A. of an Intermedium ; .Affinitas adjuta ; .A. appropriata ; A. approximata. A., Mixing, A. of Mixture. See A. of Composition. A.. Morbid, the tendency of certain affections to exist synchronously or as se- quels. A. for Oxygen, inflammability. A., Quies- cent. Same as A. of Aggregation. A., Recip- rocal, cheniic attraction between the elements of a secondaiy compound ; tending, under altered conditions, to the reformation of the primary com- pound. Syn., .Alternating elective affinitv ; .Affinitas reciproca. A., Resulting, A., Secondary. See A., Developed. A., Separating. See .A., Divellent. A., Simple. See .A. of Composition. A., Simple Elective, that exhibited by a simple body for a single element of a comi>ound. Syn., .4., Single elective. A., Single. See .A. of Composition. A., Single Elective. See .-/., Simple Elective. A. of Solu- tion, that existing between a dissolved substance and its solvent. A., Vital, the selective action or chemio- taxis exhibited by the several tissues of an organism for their peculiar pabulum.
Affion, Afiioni [Turkish]. Crude opium ; it contains regularly lOJf of morphin; offium.
Affixion (af-ik'-shun\ [(t^^'ivv, to fasten]. Adhesion.
Affuse laf-uz') \_affiindere, to pour upon]. To sprinkle or pour upon from a height ; to shower.
Affusio \af-u'-se-o) [L. pi., a!ffusiones\ I. An affusion. 2. .\ suffusion. 3. An infusion. 4. \ cataract. A. frigida. See Affusion, Cold. A. oculi, cataract. A. orbicularis. Set Rlacenta ulerina (Illus. Diet.).
Affusion. (See Illus. Diet.) A., Cold, Currie's metliod of treating fevers by pouring cold water over the patient. Syn., Affusio frigida.
AftbTotna I a/i-fi-6ro'-mali) [n, priv. ; y?(ir«, a fiber]. .\ mass of fibrous tissue which is not arranged so as to form a tendon or fascia.
Afim, Afion, Afioun, Afiun. Same as Affion.
Aforous {a/t'-fo-rus) [a, priv.; forare, to pierce]. Without an opening.
African Horse-sickness. See under Horse.
Afrodyn <//'-'-('-<//«) [licporf'Cn, venery]. An aphro- disiac, the principal ingredient of which is said to be the tincture of Moyrapuama.
Afros (af'-ros) [00/105]. .Scum, foam, froth.
Aftannin inf-tan'-in). A liquid used in veterinary practice and said to be a combination of 5 % of gly- cerin, 1.$% of formaldehyd, and an infusion of herbs.
After-action. (See Illus. Diet.) A., Inner, that in- volving the whole muscle or muscular fiber. A., Terminal, that affecting only the ends of the muscu- lar fibers.
After-current (af-ter-iur'-ent). See under Current (Illus. Diet.).
Aftergilding \af-ter-gild'-ing'). A term introduced by Apathy to designate the process of treating nerve-tissues with salts of gold after fixation and hardening. Cf. Foregilding.
After-image. (See Illus. Diet.) A., Colored, a reti- nal impression of an object seen, whicli remains after the object has left the field of vision ; it may be either of the natural color or of a complementaty color. A., Positive-complementary, a retinal impression of a color complementary to that of the original object.
Afterproduction (aftcr-pro-duk'-s/tun). A new growth ; neoplasm.
After-shaft. See Hyporhachis (Illus. Diet.).
After-sound [af-ter-sownd). An auditory sensation or impression remaining after the causative vibrations have ceased.
After-vision (af-ter-vizh' -on). The perception of an after-image.
Afthom (aft'-hom). See Cornu, Posterior (Illus. Diet.).
Afyun [Ar.]. See Affion.
Agalactos (ali-gal-alc'-tos) [li-o/OKror, without milk]. A woman without milk in her breasts.
Agalactous. (See Illus. Diet.) 3. Capable of dimin- ishing the secretion of milk. 4. Suckled at the same breast.
Agal-agal. See Agar-agar (Illus. Diet.).
Agalasia ia/i-gal-a'-ze-ah). See .Agalactia (Illus. Diet.). A. contagiosa, an epidemic, contagious disease of sheep and goats, marked by drying-up of the milk.
Agalax (a/i-gal'-ats) [a;a>uif]. See .Agalactous.
Agaric. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. A temi broadly applied to fungi of several genera. A., Astringent. See Polyporus fomentaritts, L.; and P. igniarius, L. A.. Bug. See Amanita musearia, L. A., Larch. See Polyporus officinalis, WW. A.. Purging. See Polyp- orus officinalis, Vill. A., Surgeons'. See Polyporus fomentaritts, L. ; and P. igniarius, L. A., White. See Polyporus officinalis, Vill.
Agariciform (ag-aris'-e-form). Mushroom-shaped.
Agaricin. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. An alkaloid identical
AGARICINOUS
46
AGRAPHIA
with amanitin. 3. An impure alcoholic extract of the agaric^ Polvponis officinalis. It has been used in liosos of I to 3 gr. (0.065 to o. 195 gm, ) three times a day, against colliiiuative sweats. It is a valuable remedy, free from danger and effective.
Agaricinous (ax'-ny-is'-iii-us). .See Axaric (IIlus. Uict. ). Resembling or relating to an agaric.
Agaricoid (/?;' ar'-ik-oid). Resembling a mushroom.
Agaricon, Agaricum {ag-ar'-ik-on, -iiiii). White aLjaric, Folyponis officinalis, Vill.
Agaricus {ag-ar'-ik-iis) \!iyni)iK<>v oi Dioscorides, from Agaria, a former district of Poland or .Sarmatia, whence the Greeks derived the larch agaric]. A large genus of hymenomycetous fungi ; muslirooms and toadstools. Cf. Polyponis amanila. A. chirurgorum. See Poly- porus fomcnlarius, L.; and P. igniarius, L. A. rubra, O. C, and A. sanguinea, \iu\\. These spe- cies, indigenous to France, were formerly included un<ler A. nihcy, D. C They yield the alkaloid agarylhrin, and the rose-red coloring-matter ruberin.
Agarythrin {n^^-ar' -ith-rin). A yellowish-white alka- loid extracted by ether from At^aric/is ruhra, D. C. , and .-/. sanguinea, Hull. It has a bitter taste and leaves a burning sen.sation in the mouth.
P^ga^5X.U3L {a/i-gas'-/ic-ak) [a, priv. ; )nfyr//p, the stom- ach]. Organisms having no internal digestive cavities.
Agastronomia [ahgas-tron-o'-inc-ah^. See Agastro- nciiiia (IIlus. Diet.).
Agathis (ag'-a//i-is) [rirnftV, a heap]. A genus of plants of the order Conifcric. A. australis, Steud., the Kauri tree of New Zealand. It atfurds Kauri- copal or Australian dammar. A. loranthifolia, Salisb. , a lofty tree of Malay Peninsula, Sunda Islands. Moluc- ca.s. and Philippines. It is one of the chief sources of East Indian or Indian dammar.
Agavose [ag'-av-oz], Cj.^ITc^Oi,. v\ saccharobiose ob- tained from the stalks of Agave ameiicaii.i.
Age. (See Illus. Diet.) A. of Consent, in meilico- jurisprudence the age at which a minor is considered capable of consenting to sexual intercourse ; it is usu- ally tliat of 12 years in girls, and 14 years in boys. A. critique, the climacteric. A., Marriageable, A., Nubile. See Xuhilily (Illus. Diet.). A. of Pu- berty. See /'«/)(V7'i' (illu.s. Diet.).
Agenesia, Agenesis. (See Illus. Diet.) A. corti- calis, inconii)lcte develo|)ment of the cortical gray cells. A. dysspermia. See Bradyspermatisin (Illus. Diet.).
Agennesia, Agennesis (ah-jcn-e'-sc-ali, a/i-jen'-c-sis). See .Agenesia (Illus. Diet.).
Agenosomia (a/i-jen-o-so'-me-a/i) [a, priv. ; ytmnv, to beget ; ooi./n, body]. Defective development of the genitals.
Ager [a'-/iir] [L., pi. agri']. I. A field. 2. Growing in fields. A. chymicus. the field of the chemist ; water. A. naturae, the uterus.
Agerasy ((//'-/r' (w-t). ^ee .4gcrasia (Illus. Diet.).
Ageusia, Ageusis. (See Illus. Diet.) A., Central, that due to lesion of the cerebral centers of the gusta- tory nerves. A., Conduction, that due to lesion in the nerves between their origin and distribution. A., Peripheral, that due to disorder of the ends of the nerves of taste.
Agger. I See Illus. Diet.) A. perpendicularis, A. ponticulus. Same as Eminence of the Seapha. A. valvularum venarum, a small projection at the UTnoii of llii- valves of a vein with the vessel-wall.
Agglutinability ya'^^-lii-tin-ah-liil'-it-e). Capacity for agglutination.
Agglutinant. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. A remedy pro- moting the repair of wounds by favoring nutrition.
Agglutinantia i^ag-gln-tin-an'-sJie-ah). Agglutinants.
Agglutinatio [ag-Zii-tiii-a'-she-o). Agglutination. A. maxillae inferioris, trismus. A. pilorum, the re- placement of ingrowing eyelashes by means of vis- cous matter on a probe.
Agglutination. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. A coagulative phenomenon accompanying hemolysis or bacteriolysis, thought by Gruber to be due to some deleterious effect on the membrane of the bacteria or blood-corpuscles which makes them sticky.
Agglutinin (ag-/n'-tin-in) [agg/uiinare, to ])aste to]. A specific principle occurring in the blood-serum of an animal aflected with a disease of microbic origin and capable of causing the clumping of the bacteria jn'cu- liar to that disease, as exemplified in the Wiilal re- action. It was first described by Grubc-r and iJurham, in 1S96.
Agglutitio (ag-glu-/ish'-e-o) [ad, against ; g/iitire, to swallow]. Difficult deglutition ; an obstruction to swal- lowing.
Agglutogenic {ag-glii-/ojen' -ik) [agglutinin : generare, to produce]. Relating to substances from which ag- glutinins originate.
Aggregated, Aggregatus (ag'-re-ga-ted, ag-rc-gn'-liis). See .-{ggregate ( Illus. Diet. ).
Aghil [Ea.st Indian]. Aloes-wood.
Agila-wood. Aloes-wood.
Agillochum [ah-gil^-o-kiitn). Aloes-wood.
Aginin («/'-;'«-/«)■ A yellow substance derived from decomposition of axinic aci,d.
Agitator [a/'-il-a-/or) [agi/are, to excite]. Any ap- ])aratus for .stirring or shaking substances ; a glass rod u-sed for stirring.
Aglactation (ag-lak-la'-sluin). Same as A^^alaclia (Illus. Diet.).'
Aglossia. (See Illu.s. Diet.) 2. Dumbness; senile impairment of speech.
Aglossostotnatographia [ah-glos-o-sto-mal-o-graf'-e- ali)[a, pri\'.; ; /(TjfjfTrf, the tongue; OTfiiin, the mouth ; ^jiaotir, to write]. A treatise on aglossostomas.
Aglossostomia [ak-i^les-o-s/o'-nie-a/i) [», (jriv. ; j/ijirffr/, tongue ; fjruiiri, the mouth]. The condition of a mc'Uth without a tongue.
Aglossostomographia [ah-glos-o-sto-tno-gyaf ' -e-ali^. See Aglossostoniatographia.
Aglottia (a/i-glol'-e-a/i). See Ag/ossia (Illus. Diet.).
Agmina (ag'-min-a/i) [pi. of agmen, a troop]. A multitude. A. digitorum manus, the digital phalan- ges.
Agnoia [ng-tioi'-a/i). See Agnea (Illus. Diet.).
Agnolin (ag'-no-lin). Purified wool fat ; adeps lanre.
Agnosia {ag-iio'-se-a/i) [u, priv.; yvijmc, a recogniz- ing]. Lo.ss of the perceptive faculty which gives recognition of persons and things.
Agnus (ag'-ni/s) [L.]. A lamb. A. christus. See A'iciiii/s comwiinis. A. scythicus. See Cibolinm I'aroinetz and Pengawalir dijtiiiil'i.
Agonal (ag'-oii-al ) [agon, a struggle]. .Struggling; relating to the death-struggle.
Agoniadin. (See Illus. Diet.) It is used in inter- mittent fever. Dose, 2-4 gr. (o. 12-0.25 gm. ).
Agonious (ng-o'-ne-ns) [n., priv. ; yuria, an angle]. Williciut an angle.
Agonistic {ag-o-nis'-tik) [dyuvin. a struggle]. Relating to, due to, or occurring at the time of the death-agony.
Agopyrin (ag-o-pi'-rin). An influenza remedy said to contain salicin, 4 gr. ; ammonium chlorid, 'j' gr. ; cinchonin sulfate, y-^ gr.
Agot (.;;,>•'-()/). See Cagot (Illus. Diet).
Agraphia. (See Illus. Diet. ) A., Absolute, a variety in which no letters can be formed. A., Acoustic, lo.ss of capacity to write from dictation. A. amnemonica, a form in which letters can be written, but without
AGRA ri lie
47
AKOULALION
conveying any meaning. A. atactica, that form in wliicli letters cannot be formed from lack uf muscular coordination. A., Literal, A. literalis. .See ^., Al'salnte. A., Optic, inability to copy writing, but ability to write from dictation. A., Verbal, a v.ariety in which a number of words without meaning can be written. Cf. Parngi-ii/t/iia.
Agraphic ((;f-/-«/'-//;). Pertaining to agraphia.
Agrippinus \ah-grip-i'-ntis). Relating to fi)0t presen- tation. Cf. Pivlu! agrippinus.
Agron [East Indian]. A disease which occurs in India, marked by roughening of the tongue, with fis- sures.
Agrophyma. See Agriip/n'mn (IlUis. Diet.).
Agrostemmin [iig-ros-/t'/j/-in) [f(}/i(i(;, afield; CTifiiKi^ a garland]. An alkaloid isolated from seeds of corn- cockle, I.vckiiis githiigo.
Agrosteography, Agrosteology. See Agros/ograp/iy, .<;'/toAi/..^,i' (Illus. Diet. ).
Agrypnia. (See Illus. Diet.) A. excitata, insomno- lence from mental excitement. A. pertaesa, that due to external disturbing influences. A. senilis, in- somnia of the aged.
Agrypnic {ah-gripZ-nik^. Affected with sleeplessness; ngrypnetic.
Aguadura {nh-g-ihih-lliu' -rah) [Sp.]. Rheumatism or a spasmodic contraction of the leg-muscles affecting horses and mules.
Aguaja, Aguajas. See Ajiiagas.
Ague. (See Illus. Diet.) Syn. , Inlermiltent fever; I\riotlic fei'er ; Malarial fever ; A/arsli fever ; Palu- dal fever: Miannatic fever. A., Dead. See A., Dumb [XWwi. Diet.). A., Face, tic douloureux. A., Fever and, intermittent fever. A. -fit, a paroxy.sm of shivering. A. -grass, A. -root, Aletris farinoia. A., Irregular. See A., Dianh (Illus. Diet.). A., Partial, ague attended with pain which is limited to some p.art or organ. A. -proof, not susceptible to malaria. A., Quartan, intermittent fever in which the paroxvsms recur every fourth day. A., Quintan, in- termittent fever in which the paroxysms i)ccur every fifth day. A., Quotidian, intermittent fever with daily paroxysms. A. -spell. See A. Jit. A. -struck, sufl'ering from an onset of ague.
Agued (d'-guJ). Affected with ague.
Aguish (a'-gu-is/i). Resembling or relating to ague ; atfected with ague.
Aguishness (a'-gu-is/i-ness): The condition of being affected with ague.
Agurin (ax'-u-n>i). A compound of sodium theo- bromate and si;)dium acetate; it is recommended as a diuretic, in doses of 1.5 gm. (24 gr. ).
Ail (al) [M. E., £yle]. I. To be out of health. 2. A slight indisposition. 3. Garlic. A., Horn, an anemic disease of cattle marked by coldness of the horns. A., Wetherbee, a popular name for progres- sive muscular atrophv, from having affected several successive generations of a Massachusetts family of that 'name.
Ailanthus. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. A genus of shrubs ami trees of the order Simariiieie. A. excelsa, a large tree of India; it furnishes an aromatic bark used by the natives in dyspepsia. A. nralabarica, D. C, a tree of India; the bark is tonic and febrifugal, and yields a resinous juice, Muttee-pal, which is used in dysentery and bronchitis.
Aiodin (ali-i'-o-iliii). .\ preparation of the thyroid gland and tannin. It is a tasteless powder, of which each gram is said to represent 10 gm. of the fre.sh glands and to contain 0.4'^ of iodin. It is used in nn"xedema.
Aipathia, Aipathes. See Aeipathia (Illus. Diet.).
Aipi [S. A.]. The cassava plant. See Maiiiliol.
Air. (See Illus. Diet.) A., Artificial, of Boyle, the mixture of gases generated by vegetable fermen- tation. A., Breathing. See A., Tidal (Illus. Diet.). A., Complementary. See .'/., Comple- ?«e'H/(7/ (Illus. Diet. ). A., Controllable. See lital Capaeity 1 Illus. Diet. I. A., Dephlogisticated Ni- trous, nitrogen monoxid. A., Empyreal, oxygen. A., Expiratory. Same as A., p,.\pired (Illus. Diet.). A., Factitious, carbon dioxid. A., Heavy Com- bustible, A., Heavy Inflammable. See Methane (Illus. Diet. ). A., Hepatic, hydrogen .sulfid. A., Inflammable, hydrogen ; also methane. A., Innate, the air contained in the tympanic cavitv. Svn., .-ier ingeiiitus; Aer innatus. A., Nitrous, Priestley's name for nitrogen dioxid. A., Solid, of Hales, car- bon dioxid ; .so called because of its property of form- ing solid carbonates with metallic oxids. A., Sup- plementary. .See A., Preserve (Illus. Diet. 1. A., Vitriolic, A., Vitriolic Acid, Priestley's name for sulfur dioxid.
Air-break Wheel, Air-breaking 'Wheel. .\n ar- rangement by means of which the sparks may be promptly extinguished when using a Iio-voit contin- uous current to excite a coil ; the spark formed at the contact-brushes when the coil is energized is blown out instantaneously by the air-blast.
Airing-court. .\ patients' garden connected with an asylum or sanatorium.
Airoform [ar'-o-foriii). Same as Airol.
Airogen (ar'-o-jen). See .4irol.
Airol [ai-'-ol]. See Bimmth Podosubgallate.
Aisthesia, Aisthesis. See Esthesia (Illus. Diet.).
Aitch-bone (ae/i'-boit) \_iiatis, rump]. The bone of the buttock ; the rump-bone. Syn. , Ae/i-bone ; Ache- bone; A^aehe- or A'age-bone ; JIaitneh-bone.
Ajacol, Ajakol (ali'-ja-kol). Same as Guaethol.
Ajava-seeds. See Ajo-uan {\\\\xi. Diet.).
Ajouain, Ajowaen, Ajowains. See Ajenvan (Illus. Did.).
Ajuagas {ah-vjali'-gaz) [Sp.]. .\n ulceration affecting the hoofs of horses and mules.
Akatamah [ak-ah-tah'-iiiah). The native West Central African name for an endemic peripheral neuriti.i of ob- scure origin marked by numbness and intense jirickling and burning in the presence of cold or damp.
Akathisia (ah-kat/i-iz'-e-ah) [n, priv. ; Knfli'nr, to be seated]. .\ name given by Lnd Ilaskovec to a form of rhythmic chorea in which the patient is unable to remain seated ; the aflection resembles astasia-abasia.
Akebia {ak-e^-be-ah) [Tap., ahebi"]. A genus of plants belonging to the order Berberaeeic. A. quinata, a Japanese species, the fruit of which is emollient.
Akestoma (ak-e/-to-niah). See .Aeesloma.
Akidopeirastica (ak-id-o-pi-ras' -tik-ali) [aKii;, a point; -f/fxian', to make a trial of]. Exploratory incision or jiuiicture,
Akineses (a/i-kin-e'-slz) [a, priv.; laviiv, to move]. Neuroses characterized bv loss of power of motion.
Akinesis. (See Illus. Diet.) A., Cerebral, that in which the le.sion is in the cerebrum. A., Crossed, a motor paralysis on the side opposite thai in which the lesion exists. A. iridis, rigidity or immobility of tlie iris. A., Reflex, impairment or loss of reflex action. A.. Spinal, motor impairment due to a lesion of the cord.
Akinetic (a/i-kin-et'-ik). See Aeinetic (Illus. Diet.). 2. Diminishing niuscnlar power. 3. An agent lessen- ing nuiscular action. Syn., Akiftesic.
Aknemia. See Aenemia.
Aknemous. See Aencnious.
Akoulalion (<!/;-X"<w-/rt'-/i?-o« ) [aicoi'f/i', to hear ; /ri/.of.
AKOUPHONE
48
ALBIZZIA
speech]. A mechanical contrivance to aid defective audition used in training the deaf antl duniii to speak.
Akouphone i^a/i^-/coo f'on ^ [aiii>vtii\ to hear; lyXJiv/, sound]. .\ meclianism to aid defective hearing.
Akratotherm. See Aii-aloliicnii.
Akratothermal. .See AcralothcniiaL
Aktinography ^aktin-og'-raf-i:). See Aitiiiograpliy.
Ala. (See Ulus. Diet.) 2. The arm or sliouldcr ; in animals, the shoulder-hlade. A. alba lateralis, the nucleus of the glo.s.sopharvngeal nerve. A. alba me- dialis, the hypoglossal nucleus. Alse atlantis, the transverse processes of the atlas. A. auriculae. See A. luiris (Illus. Uict. ). A. descendens, the pterygoid process of the sphenoid bone. Alae dia- phragmatos, the lateral segments of the diaphragm. A. ethmoidalis, the expansion at the end of the crista galli of the ethmoid. A. fornicis, the posterior pillar of the fornix. Alae internse clitoridis, the labia mi- nora. Alae laterales, i. The great wings of the sphenoid bone. 2. Wing-like processes on each side of the nasal spine of the frontal bone. A. lobus centralis, a lateral part of die central lobe of the cerebellum. A. magna, one of the greater wings of the sphenoid. Alae magnae ossis sphenoidei or sphenoidis. Same as A/iV tiuijorcs i Illus. Diet.). Alae minimae ossis sphenoidei, two small bony pro- tuberances on each side of the ethmoidal sjiine of the .sphenoid. Alae minores clitoridis, the labia minora. See LnhiiiiJi i/iinor (Illus. Diet.). Alae minores ossis sphenoidei, the lesser wings of the s|>heiioid. Alae muliebres minores, the labia minora, Alae narium. See./, //.m/ (Illus. Diet.). Alje orbitales ossis sphenoidei, llie lesser wings of the sphenoid. Alae ossis sphenoidalis, the greater and lesser wings of the sphenoid. Alae ossis sphenoidei descen- dentes, the pterygoid plates of the sphenoid. A. palatina, A. pterygoidea, the pterygoid ]3rocess of the sphenoid. Alae parvae ingrassiae, Alae parvae ossis sphenoidei, the lesser wings of the sphenoid. Alae processus vermiformis lobuli centralis, the lamellas of the superior vermiform process of the cere- bellum, connected w'ith its central lobe. Alae ptery- goideae, the i^terygoid processes of the sphenoid bone. Alae pudendi muliebris, the labia majora and labia minora. Alae septi cartilagineae narium. .See .-/. nasi (Illus. Diet.). Alae spinae nasalis, the pro- cesses seen on each side of the nasal spine of the fron- tal bone. Alae temporales ossis sphenoidei, the greater wings of the sphenoid. Alae uvulae, a medul- lary layer running from the posterior part of the uvula of the cerebellum to the amygdalas. A. vomeris, the lateral projections of the superior thick border of the vomer.
Alabastrine (<?/(7-(')(rj'-/;r«'). i. Relating to or resem- bling alabaster. 2. Naphthalene.
A\SiCre3i\.m ((i/-a-krc'-nt-iii) [a/aiiiii : crenliii~\. '-'I'ls- N-jOj. A base isomeric with creatin obtained from a coinbination of alanin and cyanamid by action of ammonia. Syn. , Guanidopropionic ai-id.
Alacreatinin {nl-a-kre-at'-in-in'). C^HjNjO. A crys- talline body i.someric with creatinin, formed by the dehydration of alacreatin. Syn., Ladylgiiniiidiii.
Alact'ia {ah-hi/y-tc-ah). See Agalactia (Illus. Diet.).
Alalia. (See Illus. Diet.) A., Mental, form observed in children, which consists in inability to speak through excessive stammering. Cf. Lalofhohia, Dvilalia, Mogilalia, Paralalia (Illus. Diet.). A., Relative. Same as A., Menial.
Alangin, Alanginum (al-aii'-jiii, -urn). An amor- phous principle from Alant;iiim lainarckii, soluble in alcohol, in ether, and in chloroform ; it is used as a febrifuge and emetic.
Al^ngium [al-an'-Ji-iiiii) \^AIaiigi, Malabar name]. A genus of trees of the natural order Ci>rnatt\r, growing in India. A. lamarckii, sage-leaved alangium ; a tree growing in rocky places in Malabar. The juice of the root is anthelmintic. The root is cathartic, emetic, and antipyretic.
Alanin. (^See Illus. Diet.) A., Mercuric. See Miiriti y aniidoproprionalc.
Alant (a'/i-laiil) [Ger.]. The genus ////;/i.'. A., True, Inula /u'lcniiiiii ; elecampane.
Alanthol (al-an'-l/iul). See Alan lol {UUii. Diet.).
Alantic [al-an'-lii) [Ger., alanl, elecampane]. Per- taining to or derived fi'oni elecampane. A. Anhydri J, L'l.Jl.^jOj, a crystalline substance derived from the root ot elecampane, melting at 66° C.
Alantois. See Allanloii (Illus. Diet.).
Alantotoxicon i^al-an-to-lel-i'-t'-ion). .See Allantotoxi- con (Illus. Diet.).
Alar. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. Relating to the shoulder or axilla.
Alares [I'l. of alaris\ (See Illus. Diet.) I. The pters'goid muscles. 2. The wings of the sphenoid.
Alaris. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. See under il/;«.7<'.t.
Alation (al-a'-s/nni). The state of being winged; the arrangement and disposition of the wings.
Alatus (al-a'-lKs). I. Winged. 2. An individual in whom there is a marked backward projection of the scapulas.
Alba. (See Illus. Diet.) A., Reticular, the reticu- lated layer of alba on the anterior half of the uncinate gyrus. Syn., Snhlatilia yeliailaiis alba.
Albaras, Albarras [Ar. ]. A skin di.sease character- ized by the fonnation of white, shining patches. Syn., IVhilc leprosy ; Baras ; Barras.
Albargin (al-bar'-jin). A l^'/r compound of silver and gelatose (a transformation product of glue). A yellow powder, freely soluble in water, used in treat- ment of gonorrhea in injections of o.2'/t solution 4 or 5 times daily.
Albation [al-ia'-s/iitii). See Albefaction.
Albefaction [al-Oe-fa/i'-s/iini] \itlliu$, white ; /"wcivr, to make]. The act or process of blanching or rendering white.
Albiceris, Albicerus {al-bis'-er-is, -us) \\..\ Pale or light yellow.
Albification (al-bif-ik-a'-shun). See Albcfartion.
Albinism, Albinismus. (See Illus. Diet.) Syn., Al- pluisis : I.eukiZtliiopia : Ac/ironialesis: Lcukopalliia ; Albitudo. A., Acquired, A. acquisita. See I'ililigo (Illus. Diet.). A., Partial, congenital absence of pigmentation in certain parts of the skin, appearing in irregular, white, sharply defined spots. Especially characteristic are the changes of color in the hair, often observed in negroes. The hairs aVe white and grow upon skin devoid of pigment, or normally colored. Syn., Poliosis ciirumscripla.
Albinistic (al-bi-nis'-tik). Relating to albinism.
Albinoism (al-bi'-no-nm). See Albinism (Illus.- Dict. ).
Albitudo {al-bi-iii'-da). See Albinism (Tllus. Diet.).
Albizzia. (See Illus. Diet.) A. amara, Willd., a species of India, where the bark is used as a tonic and in astringent lotions. A. anthelmintica, IJrongn., the Abyssinian tree which furnishes musenna. A. lebbek, Willd., the labach of the .■\iabians, the sirissa tree of India, a native of upper Egypt, but cultivated in the East and West Indies. It furni.shes a variety of gum arable. The wood is the blaik wood of Mau- ritius. The leaves are used in baths and fomentations for rheumatism and in ophthalmia ; the powdered bark, in ulcers and snake wounds ; the seeds, as an astrin- gent, and an oil expressed from the seeds is taken ia
ALBOFERRIX
49
ALBUMINURIA
leprosy. A. myriophylla, an E.i-t Indian species, where the natives make a kind ot" beer from the bark. A. odoratissima, an East Indian tree bearing white fragrant Huwers. The juice of the bark, with lime- juice and turmeric boiled in cocoanut oil, is used as an external application in leprosy and chronic ulcers.
Alboferrin [al-lio-fir'-iii). An odorless, light-brown powder readily soluble in cold water. It is said to consist of albumin, (jt.n'c; iron, o.(&'/i\ phos- piiorus, 0.324 'f ; amidonitrogen, o. 13'^fc; and mineral substances, g.SJ^c. It is indicated in chlorosi.s, ane- mia, etc. Dose, 1-3 gm. (gr. 15-45) for children ; 3- 5 gm. (gr. 45-75) for adults, per day.
Alboflavescent (al-Oo-Jla-zW -enl ) [^ii/ius, white ; ihivciCcrc, to turn a light yellow]. Vellowish-white.
Albolactescent {itl-bo-Uik-tes'-^nt) [(?/^//j, white ; lac- tescere, to turn to milk]. Milk-white.
Albolin (<i/'-6o/-iii). See Alboh-ne (Illus. Diet.).
Albor ( «/'-(5or) [<;//</«, white]. I. A whiteness. 2. Egg- albumin. 3. [Ar. , al bul.'\ Urine. A. cutis, A. nativus, albinism. A. ovi, white of egg.
Albuginea. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. A layer of white fibrous ussue investing an organ or part. Syn., Tunii'a albttginea.
Alhuginean (a/-bii-yi>i'-e-/in). Resembling or belong- ing til the albuginea.
Albugineous. (See Illus. Diet.) 3. Belonging to the albuginea, particularly the A. oculi.
Albuginous [al-bii'-jin-iis) [albiis, white]. Albu- minous.
Albukalin (al-bti'-kal-in). Cfi^^.,0^. A substance found in leukemic blood.
Albulus (iil'-bii-lus) [dim. of a/biis'\. WHiitish.
Album [al'-buiii) [albiis, white]. A substance charac- terized by whiteness. A. candiense, bismuth subni- trate. A. canis. See A. gmcutn. A. ceti, sperma- ceti. A. grascum, the dung of dogs fed upon bones, and whitened by exposure. It was formerly used in medicine. A. hispaniae. A. hispanicum, blanc d'Espagne, bismuth subnitrate. A. nigrum, the dung of rats and mice, formerly used as a diuretic and piu"- gative. A. ovi, white of egg.
Albumen. Solution of. A filtered solution of the white uf an egg triturated in 4 ounces of distilled water. A., Test Solution of, a solution of the white of an egg triturated in too c.c. of distilled water and filtered. A. -water, cool water into which the white rjf an egg has been stirred, with Havoring.
Albumenize yal-bii'-nien-iz). To cover with the white of egg^
Albumin. (See Illus. Diet. ) ?iyn., Coa'^ii/able animal lymph ; Coagitlable lymph of the serum. A., Acid. See Syntoiiin (Illus. Diet.). A., Alkali. See .4/(5;,-
■ minale (Illus. Diet.). A., Animal, that occurring in animal tissues and fluids. A., Cerebral. See Neurin (Illus. Diet.). A., Coagulated, albumin modified by heat or by means of chemic substances so as to be insoluble in water, in dilute acid or alkaline solutions, or in neutral salt solutions. A., Crystal- line, a crystalline form of albumin found bv Griibler in pumpkin seeds and by Rittenhausen in hemp and sesame seeds ; the two findings differ in composition. A., Floating. See A.y Circulating (Illus. Diet.). A., Fuhs's Tests for. See under Tt'sls. A., Hematinic. See .SV/-«/«-/7/i*«;«/« (Ilius. Diet.). A., Imperfect, one which fails to give all the ordinary reactions. A., Incipient, Front's name for imperfect albumin occurring in chyle. A., Insoluble, i. See A., Coagulated, 2. .\x\ acid or alkali albumin, be- cause it cannot be dissolved in distilled water. A., Lacto-, an albumin occurring in milk and distin- guished from serum-albumin by its degree of action 4
upon the plane of polarization. A., Meta-. See under Paralbumin (Illus. Diet.). A., Nonretractile, albumin which coagulates in a stale of uniform diffu- sion. Cf. .-/., A'etraitile. A., Para-. Sec Paralbu- min (Illus. Diet.). A., Retractile, albumin which on coagulation does not remam suspended in a state of diffu- sion, but forms concrete particles. A., Salivary. See Plyalm (Illus. Diet.). A., Soluble, one that is solu- ble in distilled water. A., Storage, albumin stored in the tissues. A., Whey, an albuminous substance ob- tained from whey.
Albuminas (al-bu'-min-as) [L.]. An albuminate.
Albuminate. (See Illus. Diet.) Syn., Peplon anhy- liriii. A., Acid. See Syntonin (Illus. Diet ). A., Alkali-. See Albuminate.
A\huvninid (al-bii'-min-i</). Acid albumin, syntonin.
Albuminiforra i^al-bu-min' -e-forin). Resembling albu- min.
Albuminimetry {al-bii-min-im'-et-re). The quantita- tive e.stiniation of the albumin in a liquid.
Albuminization [al-bu-min i-za'-shun). The act or process of conversion into albumin.
Albuminize [al-bu'-min-iz). To convert into albumin.
Albuminocasein {al-bii-min o-ia'-:e in). See Amyg- dalin I Illus. Diet.).
Albuminochlorid {al-bumin-oklo^-rid). Albumin- combined with a chlorid.
Albuminofibrin [al-bu-tnin-o-Ji^ -brin). A compound of albumin and fibrin.
Albuminofibrinous, Albuminofibrous (al bii-min-o- Ji'~brin-u:-, -brus). Consisting of albumin and fibrin.
Albuminogelatinous (albumin-ojelat'-inus). Com- posed of albumin and gelatin.
Albuminoglutinous (al-bu-mino-glu'-iin-us). Com- posed of albumin and gluten.
Albuminoidal (al-bu-min-oid'al). See Albuminoid (2) (Illus. Diet.).
Albuminometry. See Albuminimetry.
Albuminopurulent {al-bii-min-opur'-u-lent). Contain- ing albumin and pus.
Albuminosa (al bu min-o'sa). Remedies or dietetics containing albumin.
Albuminosic (albumino'-sii). Relating to albumin- ose.
Albuminuretic {nl-bu-niinii-rel'-ii). I. Causing albu- minuria. 2. A drug which causes albuminuria.
Albuminuria. (See Illus. Diet.) A. acetonica. A., Anoxemic, albuminuria due to asphyxia. A , Acute, acute Bright's disease. A., Bamberger's Hem- atogenic, albuminuria occurring during the later stages of severe anemia. A., Cachectic, albuminu- ria due to cachexia. A., Cantharidic, that due to poisoning by cantharides. A., Cardial. See A , Cardiac (Illus. Diet.). A., Catarrhal, albuminuria due to distribution of or changes in the renal epithe- lium. A., Chronic, chronic Bright's disease. A., Cicatricial, a fonn in which epithelial desquamation is assumed to be replaced by tissue incapable of re- straining the transudation of albumin from the blood. A., Colliquative, that due to great disassimilation of the blood-coipuscles or adipose tissue. A., Con- sumptive. .See A., Colliijuative. A., Dystrophic, that dependent upon imperfect formation of the blood- corpuscles. A., Emulsion, that in which the urine has a milky turbidity due to minute corpuscular ele- ments. A., Exudative, Gubler's name for albumin- uria partially due to the filtration of albumin through the membranes of the kidney and also to the presence in the urine of products of inflammation, as in cases of nephritis. A., Fatty. See Cliyluria (Illus. Diet. ). A., Globular, that due to destruction of blood-cor- puscles or dependent upon the presence of blood in
ALBUMINURIOUS
50
ALCOHOL
the urine. A. longa, chronic albuminuria. A., Normal. See ,-/., P/iysio/ogir (Illus. Diet.). A., Orthostatic, a form depetulent upon an upright pos- ture. A., Partial, a form in which it is a.ssumed that only certain tubules are afifected. Syn., .-/. parct-Uairt'. A., Pathologic, that distinguished from physiologic albuminuria by being due to disease. A., Per- manent, that due to a lasting disease which makes the albuminuria a permanent condition. A., Per- sistent. .See ./., Pcriihinciil. A., Phosphatic, albuminuria accompanied by phosphaturia. A., Pre- tuberculotis, a condition observed in young per- sons as a [iremonitory stage of tuberculosis, believed to be due to the congestive action of the tuberculous virus upon the renal structure. A. renalis. See A., Nephrogenous (Illus. Diet.). A., Residual, a form in which a small amount of albumin may persist, fol- lowing an att.ack of nephritis. A., Saturnine, that due to lead-poisoning. A., Scarlatinal, that due to scarlatina. A., Sero-, A., Serous. See ./., 'line (Illu.s. Diet.). A., Spastic, that due to a convulsive attack. A., Toxic, that due to the presence of a toxin. A., Transitory. See A , Temporary (Illus. Diet.). A., Transudative, that due entirely to fil- tration of albumin through the membranes of the kid- ney. A. vera. See,-/., '/'/v/t- (Illus. Diet.).
Albuminurious [nl bn-niin-u'-re-ns). See Albninin- nrii ( Illus. Diet.).
Albumoscope [iil-/>n'-nio .W:op) [tj//'nniin : OKOTzhv, to examine]. An appliance for determining the presence and amount of albumin in urine.
Albumosuria. (See Illus. Diet.) A., Bence-Jones'. See A., Myelopixlliie. A., Myelopathic, a condition marked by persistent occurrence of albumose in the urine accompanied by softening of the bones owing to multiple myelomas.
Alburnoid [^al-bnrn^ -oid^. Having the appearance of alburnum.
Albus \al'-bns] [L.]. White.
Alcaligen [nZ-in/'-ij-en). I. See Alkalisrenous (Illus. Diet.). 2. Nitrogen.
Alcar (ii/'-kiir) [a/icn/i, a defense]. A remedy.
Alcargen \ii/-hir'-jen). See .-/<■/</, Dinulliylarsenie.
Alcarnose (iil-knr'-noz). A nutrient preparation con- taining maltose combined with albumuses.
Alchemilla [al-ke mil'-n/i) [.\.x., iilkein,lyeh\. A genus of rosaceous plants. The root and leaves of A. vul- garis, ladies' mantle, a common Eurojiean species, have been used as an astringent, diuretic, and vul- nerary.
Alchornin. See Aleornin (Illus. Diet.).
Alchymy (nl'ke-me) [Ar., A!-A'iinia'\. f. Alchemy. 2. .Vn alloy of copper and arsenic having the appear- ance of silver.
Alcoate [cil'-ko-n/). See Alcoholale (Illus. Diet.").
Alcogel [al'-kfl-jel). A jelly-like combination of alco- hol and silicic acid.
Alcogene [n/'-ko-jen) \aleohol; yivvav, to bring forth]. The cooler of a still.
Alcohate ((;/'-/!■<)-/;«/). See .-//Mi/id/fz/c (Illus. Diet.).
Alcohol. (See Illus. Diet.) A., Aceton-. .See Aeetylearbinol. A., Albuminous, a solution of the white of egg stirred into ordinary alcohol. A., Aldehyd, a body possessing at the same time the properties of an alcohol and an aldehyd. A., AUylic. See A., AkyI (Illus. Diet.). A., Ammoniated, spirit of ammonia. See under Anniii'iuuin (Illus. Diet.). A., Amylic, Tertiary. See Amylene hy- drate (Illus. Diet.). A., Anisic, A., Anisylic. See A., Anisvl (Illus. Diet.). A., Aqueous. See,-?., Hytlriited. A., Bornyl. See j9<>/-»,c/ (Illus. Diet.). a'., Butyric. See ,/., Bnlyl (Illus. Diet.). A., Cam-
pholic, A., Camphyl. See Borneo/ (Illus. Diet.). A., Caproic, A., Caproil, A., Caproilic. A^ Caproyl, A., Caproylic. See ./., Ilexyl (Illus. Diet.). A., Capryl, A., Caprylic. See.-/., Oelyl (Illus. Diet.). A., Caustic, sodium ethylate. A., Cerotyl. See,-/., C'lvi-/ (Illus. iJict.). A., Cetic, A., Cetyl-. See Ellla! (Illus. Diet.). A., Chlor- ethy], (/..HjOCl, a substitution product of ethyl al- cohol in which I atom of hydrogen is replaced by I atom of ehlorin. A., Cinnamic, A., Cinnamyl, A., Cinnamylic, C,|I1,„(_). yellowish needles or crys- talline masses obtained fnjm the distillation of styracin. It is soluble in alcohol, ether, water, glycerin, and ben- zin; melts at 30°-33° C; boils at 250° C. It is anti- septic and is a deodorizer in a 12.5 '> glycerin solution. Syn., Slyriiie aleohol ; Crystallized slvione. A., Cin- nylic. ^ee A., Chinamie. A., Common, ethyl alco- hol. A. of Crystallization. See under Crystallizu/ion. A., Cymyl. .See./., Cn in i n \l\\us. Diet.). A., Deo- dorized, ethyl alcohol filtered through eliareoal to re- move coloring and odorous matters. A., Diacid. See A., Diiiloinie (Illus. Diet.). A., Dibromopropylic, CiHgBr.^O, a colorless liquid obtained from allyl alco- hol by action of bromin. It boils at 219° C A., Dietbylene, A., Diethylenic, C,H|„()3, diethylene oxyhyilrale, a l)i|uid Ijoiling at 250° C. A., Drug- gist's, ordinary elliyl alcohol pre])ared by distilla- tion. A., Eth'alic. ' See Et/ial (Illus. Diet.). A., Ethylene, A., Ethylenic. See 6'/ri('/ (Illus. Diet.). A., Ethylic. See ,-/., Ethyl (Illu.s. Diet.). A., Fatty, one obtained from a hydrocarbon of the fatly series. A., Furfuryl-, A., Furfurylic, C,H.,0. - CH^OII, an alcohol, not yet obtained in the free slate, of which fnrfurol is the aldehyd. A., Glyceric, A., Glyceryl, A., Glycyl. See Glyeerin (Illus. Diet.). A., Hecdecatylic. See A//;,?/ '( Illus. Diet.). A., Hendecatyl. See ./., L'nd,r,ity/ (Illu.s. Diet.). A., Hexabasic, A., Hexacid, A., Hexatomic. .See A., //.'i,;//!',/;/,- (Illus. Diet. ). A., I'-Hexone. See Dnleitol (Illus. Diet.). A., Hydrated, elhyl alcohol containing water from which it cannot be freed by dis- tillation. A., Iso-, an alcohol derived from a hydro- carbon containing carbon atoms which directly unite witlr more than 2 other carbon atoms. A., Isopen- tylic. See ,^., .-/wi'//,- (Illus. Diet.). A., Isopropylic, CjHgO, a colorless mobile liquid obtained trom iso- propyl iodid by action of lead hydroxid. Sp. gr. 0.791 at 15° C. ; boils at 82°-83° C; mixes with water, alcohol, and ether. Syn., Secondary propyl aleohol ; Psendopropyl alcoJwl. A., Lactuceryl, C,|,H3„0, white needles fusing at 162° C, derived from lactu- cerin by action of potash ; it is soluble in ether, in chloroform, and in hot alcohol. A., Ligneus. See A., Methyl (Illus. Diet.). A., Melicyl. .See A., Ji/ellissvl (Illus. Diet. ). A., Melinic-, A., Melissic-, A., Melissylic. See A., Mellissyl ( Illus. Diet. ). A., Mentholic, A., Menthyl, A., Menthylic. See Ar-:nthol (Illus. Diet.). A., Mesitic, A., Mesityl, Kane's names for acetone. A., Methylic-, Triethyl- ated. See Triethvlcarhinol. A., Methylic-, Tri- methylated. See lyhiiethvlearbinol. A., Mon- acid. A., Monad, A., Monobasic. See A.s, Mono- '■a/ent (Illus. Diet. I. A., Monochlorethyl, A., Mon- ochlorethylic. .See /illiylene ehlorhydrin. A., Myricic, A., Myricyl. See .-/., Mellissyl (Illu.s. Diet.). A., Myristic, CjJIjdO, a substance obtained from spermaceti. A., Octoic, A., Octylic. See A., Oetyl (Illus. Diet.). A., Orthooxybenzylic. -See Sah\'enin (Illus Diet.). A., Paraoxymethyl- benzyl. ' See A., Anisyl (\\\m. Diet.). A., Per- fumers', deodorized ethylic alcohol. A., Phellyl, Siewert's name for cerin, a crystalline preeipilale ob-
ALCOHOLATED
51
ALDEHVD
tained from an aijueous extract of cork by action of hot alcoliul. A., Phenallyl. See .-/., Citniamic. A., Phenethyl, QlCeHjjH^ . OH, ethyl alcdiol in wliich phenyl replaces hydrogen. A., Phenyl, car- bolic acid. A., Phenylallylic. See A., Ciitiiamic. A., Phytosteryl. See I'liyloslcrin (lUus. Diet.). A., Pinacolic. See A., Ih-xyl (Illus. Diet.). A., Propenyl, tjlyceriii. A., Pyroligneus, niclhyl alco- hol. A., Pyroracemic. See Antyliarbiiiol. A., Quebrachyl. See {^inliraihol. A., Styrilic. Same as .1., Ciniuiiuic. A., Styronyl, A., Styryl. See A., Cinntintii'. A., Sycoceryl [aj'/ior, fig; ntjpoc, wax], C,„I 1.5^,0, an alcohol obtained from the resin of Ficus nibii^inosa of New South Wales. It crystallizes in silky needles ; melts at 90° C. A., Tertiary Tri- chlorbutyl. See AccUmecldorofonn. A., Tetryl, A., Tetrylic. See .-/., >^/;/i'/ (Illus. Diet. ). A.,Thio-. See i1/t7vv;/i/(r« (Illu.s. Diet.). A., Toluylic. See./., Tw/i'/ (Illus. Diet.). A., Triacid, A.,Tribasic. See A., Triatomic (Illus. Diet. ). A., Trichloramidoeth- ylic. See Chlortiltinifnoniij. A., Trichlorbutidene. See Clihiralhiilylititm (Illus. Diet.). A., Trichlor- pseudobutyl. See Acctonechloroform. A., Tri- chlortertiary-butyl. See Acetoiiechlorofonn. A., Trimethylene, C3H5(OH).^, a thick, sweet liquid. Syn., I'riiiiiiry propyli'iie glycol. A., Vanillyl. See I'liiiH/iii (iflus. Diet.). ' A., Wood. See A., Afct/iy/. A., Xylenic. See .J., /I/,///!'/ ( Illus. Diet. ).
Alcoholated (nl-ko-liol-a'-lcJ ). Subjected to the action of alcohol ; prepared with alcohol.
Alcoholdyscrasia ( nl-ko-hol-dis-kni'-si-nh ) \iilcohol : dyscrasin']. The characteristic form of chronic alcoholism.
Alcoholeum {iil-ko-ho'-U-uiit). A tincture, particularly one prejiared from the dried plant.
Alcoholicity [nl-ko lu<l-ii'-il-c). The alcoholic strength of any -.ubstance containing alcohol.
Alcoholist (iii'ko-hol'-ist). An individual affected with alcohol ism.
Alcoholmeter [n/-ko-/iol'-:iie-ti-r). See Alcoholonteler (Illus. Diet.).
Alcoholomania [ttl-ko-)u>l-o-ma'-nc-cth). Morbid crav- ing for intoxicating beverages.
Alcoholosis {al-ko-hol-o'-sis). See Alcoholism (Illus. Diet. ).
Alcoholparalysis {al-ko-hol-par-al' -is-is). A disease of conhrmed inebriates accompanied by ]>aralytic ap- pearances, tremor, disturbances of coordination, and anesthesia. Its prognosis is relatively favorable.
Alcoholpseudoparalysis (nl-ko-kol-su-i/o-piir-<tl'-is-is). Same as Alroltolparitlysis.
Alcohometer [nl-ko-liojii'-cf-iir). See Alcoholometer (Illus. Diet.).
Alcometrical (iil-ko-iiic/'-nk-nl). Relating to the estimation of the amount of alcohol in a liquid.
Alcoolature {nlko-o-la-chiir) [Fr.]. Filtered ]nepara- tions made from fresh ]>lants macerated in alcohol.
Alcor i^iiF-kor). Calcined copper.
Alcornoc, Alcornoco. .See Alconioijiic (Illus. Diet.).
Aldehyd. (See Illus. Diet.) A., Acetic, A., Acetyl-. See .-/,-,'A;/,/,//i'./ (Illus. Diet. ). A., Acr-. See (V,). /<!H(i/(A7m'(/ (Illus. Diet.). A., Acryl, A., Acrylic. See .7(V»/tv'« (Illus. Diet.). A. -alcohol. See under Alcohol. A.-alcoholate, C^IIjjO; an addition com- pound of acetic acid ami ethyl alcohol. A., AUyl-. See Acrolein. A. -ammonia, CjH^NO, small rhom- bic cry.stals which turn brown on exposure, obtained from aldehyd by action of dry ammonia; soluble in water, slightly soluble in ether ; melts at 70°-So° C. ; boils at 100° C. It was found by Dobereiner, and named by l.iebig. .Syn., .liiiiiioitiatcil clliylic nldehyj : Ace/ylomnioiiiuiii ; Aiiiiiio>tinin olclcliviitile : Elhiilene
hydramin. A., Aromatic, an aldehyd obtained as an oxidation product of a primary aromatic alcohol and in turn giving rise by oxidation to a monobasic aro- matic acid. A. -base. See Aldiii (Illus. Diet.). A., Benzoic. See i?d-H=rt/(/,7/v(/ (Illus. Diet.). A. -blue, the coloring-matter obtained from a solution of rosan- ilin in sulfuric acid by action of aldehyd. A., Brom-, a substitution compound of ethylene in which one or more atoms of hydrogen are replaced with bromin. A., Campholic. See />("•;/<■()/ (Illus. Diet.). A., Caprylic, Cj,Il,gU, a colorless liquid with a pungent odor, obtained by distillation of sodium ricinoleate and sodium hydrate, boiling at 171° C. ; sp. gr, o.9iSat20°C. Hyn., Acloic aldehyd. A. Char- acteristic, the univalent radicle C( H ) ^ O common to the aldehyds. A., Chlor-, one of a class of substi- tution compounds of ethylene in which one or more atoms of hydrogen are replaced by chlorin. A., CoUidine, A., Collinic, an oxidation product of al- buminoids and gelatin ; a colorless, viscid oii with odor like oil of cinnamon. A., Crithmic, an oily, pungent liquid obtained with crithmic acid from vola- tile oil of CrilliiuuiH mariliniunt by action of nitric acid ; it dissolves in alcohol and in ether. A., Cro- tonic. See CrotoiiaUchyd (Illus. Diet.). A., Dihy- droxybenzoic. See A., Pro/ocntechiiic {IWus. Diet.). A., Ethalic. See .•/., He.xdecolylic (Illus. Diet.). A. -ether. .See Crotoualdchvd (I'llus. Diet.). A., Ethylic. See .7<v/,(/,/,7y'fr' (illus. Diet.). A., Ethyl- methylprotocatechuic. See Elhylvanillii). A., Euodic-. .See .4., Aromatic. A., Furfurancar- boxylic. See //^yi/ra/ (Illus. Diet. ). A., Glycolyl, CHj(OH) . CHO, an oxidation product of tartaric acid when digested with water at 5o°-6o° C. A. -green. See Pigments, Table of (Illus. Diet.). A., Heptoic, A., Heptylic. See ./., Enanlhylic (Illus. Diet.). A., Isobutylic, A., Isobutyryl, CjH„0, a transpar- ent, colorless, highly refracti\e, pungent liquid ; sp. gr. 0.797 at 15° *-"• ; soluble in alcohol; boils at 61° C. A., Isopropylbenzcic. See ./., Ciimic (Illus. Diet). A., Isovaleral, A., Isovaleric, QHi^O, a pungent, oily liquid, wiUi an odor of apples, obtained from oxidation of amyl alcohol ; sp. gr. 0.804 ^^ '5° C. ; miscible in alcohol and ether ; boils at 92.5° C. A., Mannitic-. See A/annitote (Illus. Diet.). A., Mesitic, a substance isomeric with acrolein produced by Kane by action of nitric acid on acetone. A., Meta-. See Mctaldchyd. A., Methoxybenzoic, A., Methyloxybenzoic, CuHjO(CH,)C(JH, a com- pound occurring in two varieties : ( I ) Orthomethyl- oxybenzoic aldehvd, an oily liquid boiling at 230° C. (2) See A., Anisic (Illus. Diet.). A., Methylpro- tocatechuic. See Vanillin (Illus. Diet.). A., Methylsalicylic. See.-/., Mcthyloxybcnioic. A., Oc- toic. See A., Caprylic. A., CEnanthic, A., CEnan- thylic-. See A.,' Enanthylic (Illus. Diet.). A., Orthohydroxybenzoic-, A., Orthoxybenzoic-. See Aldehyd, Salicylic (Illus. Diet.). A.. Oxybu- tyr-. A., bxybutyric. .See >-//</c/ (Illus. Diet.). A., Para-. See Paraldehvd (\\\\m. Diet.). A., Para- ethylic. See /'<"v!/,/,//iv/' (Illus. Diet.). A., Para- methyloxybenzoic. See .-/., Anisic- (Illus. Diet. V A., Paramucic. See /■'iirfnrol (Ilhis. Diet. V A., Phenylacetic, QH„0, a liquid boiling at about 207° C. aTid becoming a resinous mass. A., Piperomylic-. See Pipcronal [\\\\i^. Diet. 1. A., Propylic or Pro- pyl. See A., Propionic (Illus. Diet.). A., Pyro- mucic. See Fiirfurol (Illus. Diet.). A., Pyrora- cemic, CH, . CO . CHO, a yellow volatile oil ob- tained by boiling isonltrosoaceton with dilute sulfuric acid. i^yn. , .■Icetylformvl : Ji/ethylglyoxal : Propanalon. [Richter. ] A. -radicle. See Radicle. A. -resin, a
ALDEHVDASE
ALGOPSYCHALIA
brownish resinous body obtained by heating acetalde- hyd wiili alkalis. A., Rutic-, C,„ll2„<\, a sub- stance contained in oil of rue. A., Succinic, CjHjO.;, a colorless liquid obtained from succinic acid. A., Thiacetic, C2H,.S ; ethylidene sulfid, a substance not yet completely isolated. A.,Thio-, an aldehyd in which the oxvgen in the aldehy^l cliaracteristic is re- placed with sullur. A., Thioacetic-. See .-/., Tlii- ai'.V/.-. A., Thioformic, A., Thyoforinic. See MelhyUm sulfij. A., Toluic, A., Toluylic, CgH^O, a substance occurring in three isomeric forms, all of which are liquids. A., Tribrom-, A., Tribromated. See Brumal (lUus. Diet.). A., Trichlor-. See Chloral i Illus. Diet.). A., Trichlorbenzoic, CgU.,- CI3. CHO, a solid substance occurring in two isomeric forms. A., Trichlorinated. .See Chloral (Illus. Diet.). A., Vanillic. See Vanillin (Illus. Diet.). A.. Vinic. See .-/iv/rtA/i/m/ (Illus. Diet.).
Aldehydase (nl-Je-hi'-daz). An oxydase occurring in the liver, capable of oxidizing salicylic aldehyd to the correspondingacid and supposed to be closely concerned in the functions of that organ.
Ale-hoof (dl-huf) [ale: AS., h<a_foJ, head]. The ground-ivy, Nipi'ta glcchoma, which was used in making ale before the introduction of hops.
Aleipsis (al-i'-psis) [(i>.£n/'(f, an anointing]. .Steatosis, fatly degeneration. A. aucta. See J/yperslealosis. A. diminuta. See Asten/osis (Illus. Diet.).
Alembroth. (See Illus. Diet.) A. -salt. See Mer- ttirv-amniontttin thlorid^ Fusible.
Alepbanginus [al-e-fan-ji'-niis). See Aloetric (Illus. Diet. ).
Aleptic {al-ep'-tik). S&e Aliplic (Illus. Diet.).
Alepton. P. [al-e//-ion). Colloidal ferromanganese peptonate.
Alepton, S. Colloidal ferromanganese saccharate.
Aletris. ( See Illus. Diet. ) 2. [ii'/.trpir, a female grinder of corn]. A genus of plants belonging to the natural order Hicntodoraceie.
Aleukocytosis (ah-lii-io-si-t(/-sis') [n, priv. ; '/.evKor, white ; KvTor, cell]. A diminished or insufficient formation of leukocytes.
Aleurites {al-ii-ri'-le:\ [li/.f fp/77/f, made of flour]. A genus of euphorbiaceous plants. The seeds of A. cordata, Steud., the tung-tree of China and Japan, yield an oil called Chinese wood-oil. which is exten- sively used in the arts, and in medicine in skin dis- eases, ulcerations, and carbuncles. A. triloba, Forst., the cand!e-nut tree of India and the South Pacific islands and planted in the West Indies ; yields from its seeds a fixed oil called Spanish or Belgaum walnut oil, which has mild cathartic properties acting as castor oil.
Aleiaron (f7/-//^-;'(7«) [a/ft'/)(n']. I. Wheat flour. 2. See Ahiiroiie (l\\\x%. Diet.). A. -crystals, A. -grains, A.- granules. ^Amt&s Aleuroue,
Aleuronic (al-ii-ron'-ik). Relating to aleurone ; also to wheat flour.
Alexeterium (al-eks-t-le' -re-urn') [af^^tiriip, a defender: pi., alfxe/t'ria'^. An external defensive remedy against poison or infection, as distinguished from aU-xiphar- mac, an internal remedy. The plural alexeteria was formerly used to designate remedies in general, but applied later to those used against the poisonous bites of animals.
Alexia. (See Illus. Diet.) A., Cortical, a variety of Wernicke's sensory aphasia produced by lesions of the left gyrus angularis. A., Motor, inability to read aloud what is written or printed, although it is com- prehended. A., Optical, inability to comprehend written or printed words. A., Subcortical, that due to interruption of the direct connection between the optic center and the gyrus angularis.
Alexipharmac. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. Acting as an internal antidote.
Alexipharmaceutic (^al-cks-e-far-ma-su'-tik). See Altwipharmac.
Alexipharmatic {al-eks-e-far-mat' -ik). See Alexiphar- nia '.
Alexipyretic. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. Acting as a feb- rifuge.
Alexocyte (al-eks'-o-s'it) [n/.fftii', to ward off; Kiro^^ a cell]. Ilankin's name for an amphophil leukocyte.
Alfalfa (al-/al'-/ah)\_At., nlj'ac\ 'fiee Mediiai^o salivij.
Alfontin (al-Jon/'-in). See ^^yHj/;/ (Illus. Diet. ).
Algal \al'-gal) [«/;'«, a seaweed]. Relating to ..44w.
Algaroba (al-i,'a-ry-/'a) [Ar., Al-Kharrubah, the carob tree]. I. The Mezquit \xee, Prosopis julijiora. 2. The carob bean, the pods of Ccralouia siliqiia, L.
Algarobia {al-ga-r</-he-ah). I. See Prosopis. 2. Mezc|uit, the resin of Prosopis jiiliflora.
Algarobilla, Algarrobilla [nl-f^ar-o-tiil'nh). The pods of Cusalpijiia bri-ifi'ha^ Baill., and Prosopis jiili- Jlora. This drug contains over 60^ of tannin and a large amount of ellagic acid.
Algedon. See Al.i;c-do (Illus. Diet.).
Algefacient {al-jc-fa'-shciit) \algor, cold ; facere, to make]. Cooling, refrigerant.
Algen [al'-gi-n] [«/yv?, a seaweed], ^m^^\f^n< ^n o''y substance resembling furfurol, derived from seaweeds by di>tillation. Syn., Fuctisol.
Algeology (all-Je-ol'-o-je). See Algohgy (Illus. Diet. ).
Algeoscopy (alje-os' -kop-e). Synonym of Cryosiopy.
Algesia. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. Hyperesthesia as re- gards the sensation of pain ; also neuralgia.
Algesimeter. (See Illus. Diet. ) A., Bj6rnstr6m's,one to test the sensibility of the skin. A., Boas, an instru- ment for determination of the sensitiveness over the epigastrium.
Algia (al'-feah). See Algesia.
Algid. (See Illus. Diet.) A.-state, the cold stage of a disease.
Algidism, Algidity (al'-jid-izm, aljid'-it-e) [algidus, cold]. A marked sense of coldness ; chilliness. A., Progressive. See Sclerema neonatorum (Illus. Diet.).
Algidness (al'-jid-nes). See Algidism.
Algific (al-ji/'-ik) [algidus, cold]. Relating to or caus- ing cold.
Alginate (al'-jin-at) [alga, a seaweed]. Any salt of alginie acid.
Alginoid ((//'-/■;■»»-('/(!') [<?/;;»»,• f!(!of, likeness]. Resem- bling algin ; applied to metallic compounds of alginie acid.
Alginuresis (al-jin-u-re'-sis). See Algeinuresis (Illus. Diet.).
Algiomotor (al-je-om' -o-lor) [ap; of, pain; mo7'ere, to move]. Causing movements attended with pain.
Algiomuscular [al-je-o-miis'-iii-lar) [<"i/;or, pain ; mus- (uliis, a muscle]. Causing pain in the muscles.
A\gogSTi\c (al-go-i'en'-ih) [iOyor, pain; > Eiiar, to pro- duce]. I. Causing neuralgic pain. 2. [algidus, cold; generare, to generate]. Lowering the body-temper- ature below the normal.
Algogenin (al-go/'-en-in). A body derived from fer- mented animal matter, which produces a fall of tem- perature when administered to animals. «
Algoid (n/'-;wV/) [<?/(,'", seaweed ; (kSoc, likeness]. Re- sembling the group Ali^'ic (see Illus. Diet.).
Algolagnia (al-go-lag'-ne-ah) [n'/ync, pain; /a;jf/n, venery]. Sexual perversion in which pain enjoined or endured plays a part. CL, .Sadism : Masochism.
Algometry. (See Illus. Diet.) A., Electric, a com- parative estimation of the pain produced by an induced electric current.
Algopsychalia (algo-si-ka' -le-ah). See Psychoalgalia.
ALGOSE
53
ALKATRIT
Algose {al'-goz) \_ii.\'iJiii, cold]. Extremely cold.
Algospastic, Algospasticus (al-go-s/'ast'-ii!. -us) [a/- yi)c, pain ; (7.Trt07/hy^% a pulling]. Resembling or of the nature of painful cranips.
Algous {ii/'-;^us). Pertaining to Algii:.
Alnandal {al-luin'-dal ) [Ar., Ar liandkal\ Colo- cyiitli. A., Trochisci-, troches consisting of 5 pans of colocynth pulp and I part of gum arable. Dose, 3-12 gr.
Alicyclic (al-i-siJi'-lit) [a'/eiQitp, fat; /crx/or, a circle]. Pertaining to any hydroaromatic derivative having a ring-formation, carbocyclic, but approaching the ali- phatic derivatives in chemic behavior. Svn., Alipluilic cyclic.
Alienated {al-yen-a'-tcd) [iilienarc, to withdraw], i. Insane. 2. Gangrenous.
Alienatio lal-ycii-n'-s/ic-o). See Alienation (lUus. Diet. ). A. partis, gangrene.
Alienation, Mental. A term embracing every aberra- tion from normal mental activity.
Alienism (al'-yen-izm) \_aHeiiarc, to deprive of reason]. The study and treatment of mental disorders.
Alima (iil-i'-mah) [a>.i/i«r, without hunger]. Nutritious substances.
Aliment. (See lUus. Diet.) A., Accessory, A., Adjective, a condiment. A., Substantive, a food with nutritive value as distinguished from a condi- ment.
Alimental. ?iee Alimcn/ary (\\\\is. Diet.).
Alimentary, Curative. See Aliinentollicrupy.
Alimentation. (See Illus. Diet.) A., Artificial. See Fc-ding, Ai-tificial {\\\\i%. Diet.). A., Artificial-, Forced. See Feeding, Forced (Illus. Diet.). A., Iodic-, the administration of iodin with the food. A., Voluntary-, the nourishment of those who are willing to be fed, but are incapacitated.
Alimentative {^al-im-ent' -a-tii'). Relating to nourish- ment.
Alimentativeness, Alimentiveness {nl-im-enl'-a-liv- nes, al-i-menC^-iz'->tes). The natural instinct for taking food.
Alimentotherapy (al-im-ent'-o-tlier' -ap-e). The treat- ment of disease by systematic feeding.
Alinite (<;/'-/«-!/). A commercial pure culture of A;- cilliis ellenbac/iiensis, claimed to have the power of fixing free nitrogen and of producing nitrogenous com- pounds in soil.
AUnjection i^al-in-jeiy -shun') \_alcoliol : inicere, to in- ject]. .\ process of preserving anatomic specimens by repeated injections of alcohol.
Aliphatic [al-c-fat'-ik) [(J/hou/;, fat]. Fatty. A.- cyclic. See Alicyclic.
Alisphenoidalia (al-is-fe-noid-a'-le-a/i). The greater wings of the sphenoid.
Alizaramid [al-is-ar'-am-id ). Cj^H^O.^ •; ^.r • A
brown crjstalline substance obtained from boiling a dilute solution of alizarin in ammonia. Syn., Ai/iido- anthraqitinon.
Alizarein [al-iz-ar'-e-in). See Alizarimid.
Ali-zari. The oriental name for madder.
Alizaric (iil-iz-iii-'-il:). Relating to or having the nature of alizarin.
Alizarimid [al-iz-ai-'-im-id). C,,H.N02. A violet- red substance obtained from tlocculent precipitated alizarin by action of ammonia with heat; it becomes nearly black on drying. Syn , Alizarein.
Alizarin. (See IIIu^. Diet. I A., Blue-green. See under Pigment. A. -bordeaux. See under Pigment. A. -green. See Pigments, Conspectus of (Illus. Diet. ). A.-indigo-blue. See under Pigment. A.-yellow. See Galhicctophenon (Illus. Diet.).
Alk [.\r., Ulk'\. A gum resin from the terebinth tree, Pistiiciij lerebinthits, L.
Alkadermic (^al-kadui'-mik) [altnli : iipun, skin]. iVrtaining to or containing an alkaloid used in sub- cutaneous injection.
Alkahol. See Alcohol.
Alkalescence. (See Illus. Diet.) A. of the Humors, a tendency of the system to alkaline or putrid fermen- tation.
Alkalescentia [nl-ial-es-ent'-slte-ah). i. Alkales- cence. 2. Alkalinizing drugs or agents.
Alkali. (See Illus. Diet.) A., Acetated Vegetal, potassium acetate. A., Acetited Volatile, ammo- nium acetate. A., Aerated, a combination of an alkali with carbonic acid ; potassium, sodium, or am- monium carbonate. A., Aerated Fixed Mineral-, sodium carbonate. A., Aerated Fixed Vegetal, potassium carbonate. A., Aerated Volatile, anmio- nium carbonate. A. -albuminate, a soluble powder used as a culture-medium in bacteriology-. A., Ani- mal-, ammonia. A., Deliquescent, potash. A., Effervescing-, a carbonate of an alkali. A., Effer- vescing Fixed Mineral, sodium carbon.ile. A., Effervescing Fixed Vegetal, potassium carbonate. A., Effervescing Volatile, ammonium carbonate. A., Marine, soda. A., Mephitic Volatile, ammo- nium carbonate. A. -metal, a metal of which the oxid combines with water to form an alkali. A., Mineral-, any inorganic alkali. A., Organic, one forming an essential constituent of an organism. A., Prussian-, a cyanid of an alkali-metal. A., Urinary-, ammonia. A., Vegetal, potash ; also applied to the alkaloids. A., Volatile, ammonium ; also ammonium carbonate.
Alkalifiable {al-kalif-i'-a-bl). Capable of being con- verte<l into an alkali.
Alkalify ^a!-kai'-ij-i). To transform into an alkali.
Alkalimetric {at-kal-i-met' -rik). Relating to alkalim- etry.
Alkalious (nl-kal'-e-us). Alkaline.
Alkalithia (nlkal-ith'-e-ah). An effenescent prepara- tion used in rheumatism, said to contain I gr. caffein, 5 gr. lithium bicarbonate, 10 gr. sodium bicarbonate, in each heaping teaspoonful. Dose, I heaped tea- sjjoonful 3 times daily in a large glass of water.
Alkalizate yal-knl'-iz-at). I. To render alkaline. 2. .Vikaline. 3. An alkaline substance.
Alkaloid. (See Illus. Diet.) A., Animal. See Leu- komain (Illus. Diet.). • A.. Artificial, one produced synthetically. A., Cadaveric 01 Putrefactive. See Ptomain (Illus. Diet.). A., Glucosid, a substance which exhibits the characteristics of an alkaloid, but is capable of decomposition into sugar and another substance when acted upon by dilute acid. A., Nar- cotic, an alkaloid having narcotic properties.
Alkaloimeter (alk,ilo-ini'-et-ur). \ modificaiion of the alkalimeter for estimating the amount of an alka- loid in a solution.
Alkaloimetry {nl-kal-o-im'-et-re). The quantitative es- timation of alkaloids.
Alkaluretic. ( See Illus. Diet. ) 2. A drug rendering the urine alkaline.
Alkametric (al-ka-mel'-rik) [alkali: /lirpnr, a meas- ure]. Pertaining to a metric dose of an alkaloid.
Alkane (al'-kan). See Paraffin (2) (Illus. Diet.).
Alkanin. See Alkannin (Illus. Diet.).
Alkargen {al-kar^-jen) \_alkarsin : jfi-ivir, to produce]. Dimeihylarsenic acid, obtained from alkarsin by the action of water.
Alkasal (al'-ka-zal). See Ahiininiumpotassiunt sali- cylate.
Alkatrit (al'-ka-lrit) [alkali : trilurare, to nib together], A triturate made from an alkaloid.
ALKEINES
54
ALLUS
Alke'ines (<il'-l:c--iiiz). A collective name for the ethers
I'ornieil from the alkines. Alkekengin {a/-iv-i;>i'-yin). See P/iy:a/in. A.,
Silicated, a conipouiul uf alkekengin and silica. Alkekenji {al-ke-i\->i'-ii) [Ar.. AUahnJI. The fruit
of the common winter cherry, Fhyuilis alkekengi
('!■ -.).
Alkene (,ii'-kiii). See OUfui (Ulus. Diet.).
Alkermes (al-km-' -iiiiz). See Kcniiei (Illus. Uict.).
Alkine (,il'-k'tn). Any member of the acetylene series of liydrocarbons. Syn., Alkniniii.
Alkylamin yal-kil'-am-iii\. One of those bodies which reMill from the introduction of univalent alkyls into ammonia for its hydrogen ; one, two, or three hydrogen atoms of the ammonia molecule may suffer this replace- ment, thus yielding /'fimuiy or iiioiiii/ky/'i"ii"s having the general formula NHj(C„H2„+,); s^ioiii/ivy or <//- alkyliimiiis having the general formula NIl(C„H.j|,.).j)
(C,,H.,,+,);
and tcr/iiirv or truilkvlaiiiins of the
general formula N"(C„Hj„+,) (CpH.^i,+,) (C,,H.^,_,).
Alkylate {al'-kil al\. A compound derived from a mon- aloniic alcohol by replacement of the hydroxyl hydro- gen Ijy a metal.
Alkylation (i)/-ki/-ii'-skii)i). The exchange of hy- drnxvlic hvdrogen atoms for methyl groups.
Alkyle'ne {al'-ki/iii). See OUfin (Illus. Uict.).
Alky lie [al-kil'-ik). Pertaining to or of the nature of an alkyl.
Alkyiogen \til-kil'-o-jin). A haloid salt of an alcohol radicle.
Allachesthesia (nl-ah-ki-s-l/ie'-se-ah) \_a/'/ax>i, in an- otlier place ; oiuHz/mr, sensation]. Erroneous localiza- tion of tactile impressions differing from allochiria in the respect that the sensation is felt on the same side of the body, but in a different place from that in which the irritation occurs.
Allanate (n/'-Dii-al). A salt of allanic acid.
Allantis {al-aii'-lis). The allantois.
Allantoate yal-an' -to-a! ). .\ salt of allantoic acid.
AUantodes. See Allantoitlcs.
Allantoic. (.See Illus. Uict.) A. Fluid. See Li- i^lii'r nnlllii splti'ill.^,
AUantoid. (See Illus. Diet.) 3. The allantois. A. Animal. See W/ZkhAvV/wh (Illus. Diet.). A. Liq- uid. See Litjuor iiz/ini/ sptirius.
AUantoides (al-an-lo'-ui-ez) [L.]. I. AUantoid. 2. .\ sausage. 3. The great toe. 4. The allantois.
Allasia (nZ-n'-u-in'i) [liz/nr, a sausage]. A genus of plants belonging to the order Ciiiiiy/n/difit. A. payos, an -\frican species the leaves of which are used as a piiultice to hasten parturition.
Allaxis [ii/aks'-is) [aMinnni; to vary]. Metamoiphosis, transformation ; the act or process of conversion into some other condition or thing. Syn., Allage.
Allay (,;/■<;'). See Alley (Illus. Diet.).
Allectuary (,d-c-k'-tii-a-t\). See EUctiiary.
Allen's Fusible Cement. A composition for cement- ing (lorcelain teeth to a plate.
Allen's (Charles W.) lodinTest. See under /■//i-;/- iH'is Vt't'sicolor.
Allene ((?/-«/ ). CHj^C^CH^. An isomer of allyl- ene. Syn., fl-Allylcne : Isoallyltne.
Alleotic. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. A remedy or agent having an alterative action.
All-heal. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. A panacea.
Alliarius [al-i-a' -re-its') \_,il/iiim, garlic]. Garlicky.
Alliatus [al-i-a'-tiis). Made with garlic.
Allidene [al'-'tJ-in). QH,. A bivalent radicle found in acrolein.
Alligation {,i!-ig-,i'-skii>i). ?,te Alloy (Illus. Diet.).
Alligator \<il-f-i;ii'-/oi-) [Sp., el legurlo, the lizard]. A genus of reptiles. A. sinensis, the Chinese alligator,
the scales of which are used in the treatment of
sv|jhilis. AU'iotic (itl-c-of-ik). See Alleotk (Illus. Diet.). Alliturate yul-il'-ii-rat). .\ salt of allituric acid. Alio-. I. A prefix used in chemistry to designate a body
which has been rendered more stable by heal ; also
used to represent isomerism when there is " relative
as^'mInetry." AUochesthesia. See Allachesthesia. AUochroism {al-ok'-iv-hm) [ii/./or, other; XP"!'")
color]. I. ^'ariation in color. 2. A change of color. Alloeomorphia, AUoeotnorphosis. See Allomorphism
(llhis. Diet. ). AUoeopathy. See Allopathy (Illus. Diet.). Allogotrophia (al-o-go-tro' -fe-ah) [a/./'of, other ;
Tjicurn-, lo nourish]. The nourishment of one part
of the body at the expen.se of some other part. Alloiosis, AUoiotics. See Alleosis, Alleotic (Illus.
Diet.). AUomorphic, AUomorphous, Allomorphus {al-o-
inor'-fii, -lis). Affected with allomorphism. AUomorphosis [al-o-iiior-fo'-sis). See Allomorphism
(Illus. Diet.). Allopalladium [al-o-pal-a' -de-iint). A crystalline va-
riet)" of palladium. AUophanamid (al-o-faii-aiii'-id). See Biuret (Illus.
Diet.). Allophanate (al-o/'-aii-at ). A salt of allophanic acid. Allophanic [al-o-faii'-ik) [n//0(;5ai7/(-, ai)pearing olher-
wi-e]. Changing in color or appearance. A.-
amid. See Biuret (Illus. Diet.). AUotherm (ul'-o-thitnii) [ii//.of, other ; Wtp/zn, heat].
An organism whose temperature is directly dependent
on its culture-medium. Allotrieccrisis. See ^//o/;vV(V7jm (Illus. Diet.). Allotriolith (al-o-tri'-o-lith) {IO'/utjiidc, strange; //flof,
stone]. A calculus composed of unusual material or
formed in an abnormal situation. Allotriophagist {al-o-tri-of -a-jisf) . A person addicted
to allotriophagy. Allotriophagous (al-o-tri-o/'-ci-giis). Relating to a
depraved appetite for innutritious substances. Allotriophagy. (.See Illus. Diet.) Syn., J'elhicia. 2.
The eating of innutritious and indigestible substances. AUotriotectic, Allotriotecticus (al-o-tri-o-tek'-tik, -us).
Relating to allotriotexis (Illus. Diet.). Allotropic ((;/-(>/'-;vi-///')[a//of, other ; r^jo-;/, a change].
Relating to or marked by isomerism. Alloxamid (al-oks-um'-iil ) [alloxan,- ammonia'\. .\
substance, C,,HjN,Oj, obtained from alloxan by the
action of ammonia. Alloxanate (nl-oks'-aii-at). A salt of alloxanic acid. AUoxanic (al-oks-aii'-ik). Obtained from or having the
nature of alloxan. Alloxanthin. See Alloxaiitiu (Illus. Diet.). Alloxin (al-oks'-iit) [allaiitoiii'\. Any of a series of
xanthin bases, the result of the s]jlitting up of chroma- tin, and which on oxidation produce uric acid. Alloxur, Alloxuric {al-oks'-iir, al-oks-ii'-rik). A term
applied by Kossel and Kiiiger to the xanlhin bases,
from the fact that these, like uric acid, contain alloxan
and urea groups. A. Bases, A. Bodies, .\anthin,
hypoxanthin, guanin, paraxanthin, adenin. Alloxuremia (al-oks-ure'-iiie-ah) [iillojcur ; uremia'].
Toxemia due to the resorption of the xanthin or alloxur
bases. AUoxuria (<r/-c^.r-«'-;v-rt/;) [u//of, other ; offf, sharp;
nvji'fiv, to urinate]. The pathologic secretion of alloxur
bodies (uric acid, xanthin, hypoxanthin, paraxan- thin, adenin, carnin, etc. ) in the urine. Alius (al'-iis) [L.]. The great toe. A. pollex, the
thumb.
ALLYL
55
ALOES
AUyl. (See Illus. Diet.) Syn., Alh/iiiii; Acryl; Pro- pylenyl. A. Acetate, I. C3H5.CJH3O, an aromatic liquid with sliarp taste, boiling at I03°-I04° C. 2. A salt of allylacetic acid. A. Acid Sulfate. See A. Stilftiti. A.-aldehyd, acrolein. A. Borate, (Cj- HjjjBOj, a liquid giving off pungent irritating vapors winch cause a flow of tears; it boils at l68°-I75° C. A. Bromid, C-jH-Br, a liquid with pungent odor ; sp. gr. 1.436 at 15° C; soluble in alcohol and ether; boils at 70°-7l° C. ^sn. , Broiiiopropylciit-. A. Carbamin, CN . CjH^, a liquid obtained by heating allyl iodid with silver cyanid; it has an extremely foul and pene- trating odor; boils at 96°-io6° C. Syn., Allyl cyanid ; Allyl isocyixnid. A. Carbimid, CO . NC3H5, a foul liquid causing tears, found by Cahours and FLofmann in silver cyanate by action of allyl iodid. Syn., Allyl isihyaiiii/c.- Ailyl carboxylaniin; Allyl psaiiUnyanale. A.-carboxylamin. See A. Carbiiiiut. A. Chlorid, C3H5CI, a pungent liquid; sp. gr. 0.937 at 20° C; boils at 45° C. Syn., Chlorolrityhii. A. Chloro- bromhydrin. See Ctilorobroinkydrin. A. Cyan- amid. See Sinamiu (Illus. Diet.). A. Dioxid, Cj- Hj^Oj, a colorless liquid obtained from allyl alcohol by action of glycerin and o.xalic acid ; sp. gr. 1. 16 at 16° C; boils at I7I°-I72° C; soluble in water, alcohol, and chloroform. Hyn., Diallyl o\ id. A. -ethyl. See Amylene (Illus. Diet.). A. ethyl Oxid, A.ethylic Oxid. See Ether, Altyhthyl. A.ethylic, containing' both allyl and edier. A. Formate, CjH^O.j, a liquid having the odor of mustard, boiling at 82°-S3' C, formed in the preparation of fomiic acid from gly- cerol and oxalic acid. A. and Glyceryl Oxid. See Tnullylm (Illus Diet.). A. Hydrate, allyl alcohol. A. Hydrid. )x^ Propylene (Illus. Diet.). A. and Hydrogen Sulfate. See A. SitlpUe. A. and Hy- drogen Sulfid. See A. Hydromlfid. A. Hydro- sulfite, A. Hydrosulfid, C3H5. SH, a mercaptan ob- tained by Cahours and Hofmann from an alcoholic solu- tion of potassium hydrosulfid by action of allyl iodid ; it is a liquid boiling at 90° C. Syn., Allyl mercaptan; Allyl and hydro;^en sulfid. A. Iodid, C3H-I, a pun- gent liquid; sp. gr. 1.848 at 12° C; soluble in alco- hol ; boils at loo°-i02°C. It is a reaction product of phosphorus, iodin, and allyl alcohol. A. Isocyanate. See.-/. Cart>i/Nid. A. Isocyanid, See A. Carbamin. A. Isosulfocyanate, A. Isosulfocyanid. See A. Mustard Oil (IWiis.. Diet.). A -mercaptan. See .4. Hydrosulfid. A. methyl, a radicle composed of allyl and methyl. A.methyl Oxid, A.methylic Oxid. See Ether, All\^.methvL A.methylic. composed of allyl and methyl. A. Monobromid. See .-/. Bro- mid. A. Monochlorid. See A. Clilorid. A. Mono- iodid. See .-/. Jodid. A. Mustard-oil. Syn., A. pseudosiilfocyanate ; A. pseudothiocyanate : A. isolliio- cvanate : A. isosttlfoeyanate : A. Ihiocarbiinid. A. Nitrate, C3M5 . NO,, a mobile liquid of pungent odor, boiling at 106° C, formed from silver nitrate by action of allyl bromid. A. Oxalate, CjH,d()j, an oily liquid with odor of mustard. A. Oxid. See Ether, Allyl. A. -phenol, C^Hi^O, a body obtained from anisic aldehvd bv action of potash ; it forms laminar crystals. A. arid Phenyl Oxid. See Ether, .4l.'ylphenyl. A.- phenylic. cuniaining allyl and phenyl. A.phenylic Oxid, A.phenyl Oxid. .See Elh,r, Allylphenyl. A.-piperidin. C.II15X. a liquid boiling at 140° C. A. Pseudocyanate. See .-/. Carbimid. A. Pseu- dosulfocyanate, A. Pseudothiocyanate. See .-/. .!/;«/.;/■./ tW( Illus. Diet. ). A. Rhodanate. See.-/. Thiocyanate. A. Sulfate, C3ll5HS<J,, a substance acting as a monobasic acid and forming salts called allylsulfates. Syn., .4llvlsul/uric acid : .Allyl and hy- dr'ogen sulfate. A. Sulfid. ' (See Illus. Diet. ) It'is
stomachic and sedative. Dose, J tablespoonful of a I : 600 mixture every U hour. It is also used as an enema in cholera and subeutaneously in o.^'r solution in sterilized olive oil in tuberculosis. A. Sulfocar- bamid. See Thiosinamin (Illus. Diet.). A. Sulfo- cyanate, A. Sulfocyanid. See A. Thiocyanate. A.-sulfourea, A.-sulfurea. See Thiosinamin (Illus. Diet. ). A. Thioalcohol. See A. Hydro- sulfid. A. Thiocarbamid. See Thiosinamin (Illus. Diet.). A. Thiocarbimid. See A. Mustard Oil (Illus. Diet.). A. Thiocarbonate, a salt of allyl- thioearbonic acid. A. Thiocyanate, NC.SC3H5, a colorless, strongly refracting oily liquid with odor of garlic and hydrocyanic acid, isomeric with allyl mustard oil and producing headache, nervous excitement, and nausea when inhaled. Syn., Artificial oil of mustard; Allyl sulfocyamid. A. -thiourea. See Thiosinamin (Illus. Diet.). A. Trichlorid. See Trichlorhydrin. A. -urea, CO. X.,H3(C3llj), large prismatic crystals, easily soluble in water, and melting at 241° C.
AUylene (al'-il-en). CH3 . C = CH. A gas with strong odor, taking fire readily and burning with a smoky flame ; was first obtained by Markownikow by heating propylene bromid with alcoholic potash. Syn., Propine ; Methylacetylene.
AUylenic (al-il-en'-ik). Relating to allylene.
Allylic [al-il'-ik). Relating to allyl.
AUylid (al-il-id). A direct combination of allyl with a base.
Alnus. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. A genus of shrubs and trees of the order Cupuliferecc. A. glutinosa. Medic., common European alder ; has astringent bark and leaves, which are used in intermittent fever and as an application in wounds and ulcers. A. serrulata, Willd., smooth, American, or tag alder, and A. incana. Medic, have similar qualities. The latter is recommended as a hemostatic. Fl. Ext. oi A. serru- lata : Dose, 30-60 n\, (1.8-3.7C.C.).
Alocasia (al-o ha'-ze-ali). A genus of plants belong- ing to the order Aroideic. The juice of A. montana, a native of the East Indies, is used as a stimulant and rubefacient.
Aloe. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. A genus of plants be- longing to the lily family. A. succotrina, I..im., A. vera, L., A. spicata, L. , and A. perry i. liaker, yield the bulk of the commercial aloes. A. -bitter, a bittei principle obtained from aloes by evaporation of the aqueous extract from which the aloe-resin has been extracted. A. -bitter. Artificial, a body obtained from aloes by action of nitric acid. A. -resin, an amorphous resinous constituent of aloes obtained as a deposit from a hot aqueous solution of aloes on cool- ing.
Aloephanginus {,il-o-e-fan-ji'-nus). See Aloelic (Whis. Diet. ).
Aloes ial'-dz). The plants of the genus .-//c.-- and also the inspissated juice of a number of the species. A., Barbadoes, that derived from .4loe vera, L. It is imp' rted from the Barbadoes Islands. A., Bethels- dorp, the finest Cape aloes, which is collected at the Bethelsdorp Mission. A., Bitter of. See .-liiin (Illus. Diet.); a]iO Aloe-bitter. A., Cape, that de- rived from Aloe spicata, L., A. fero.x. Mill., anil other species growing abundantly at Cape of Goo<l Hope, whence it is imported. A., Cura<;oa, re- sembles Barbadoes aloes, but has a different odor and appears to be produced by Aloe vera, .4. spicata. and A. succotrina, and partly by A. chinen<is, Steud. A., East Intlian. See A., Socotrine. A., Horse. See A., Caballine (Illus. Diet.). A., Jafferabad. the product of .4loe abyssinica. Lam. ; it is also called Mocha aloes. A., Mineral, bitumen. A., Musam-
ALOKTAMID
50
ALTII.KA
bra, aloes made in liulia from Alof 7'ern^ L. A.- purple. See Acid, Aloetic. A., Shining, Cape aloes. A., Socotrine, that obtained from Alof pt-tryi and A. siucotrina ; it is tonic and cathartic. Fid. Ext., dose, 1-6 gr. (0.065 -0.4 gm.). A., Zanzi- bar. See A. , Sototritu.
Aljetamid (nl-o-fl'-nm-U). C„H,(NH.j)(NOj),. A body obtained from aloetic acid by action of dilute ammoniacal gas.
Aloetic. (See Illiis. Diet.) 2. A preparation con- taining aloes.
Aloetica {a/-o-ft'-ik-ah). Preparations containing aloes.
Alogy. ?>ee A/ogia (Illus. Diet.).
Aloid (,i!'-oii/). Resembling the genus Aloe or aloes.
Aloisol (,!!-o-h-o!'). An oily liquid obtained from the distillation of aloes with quicklime.
Alopecia. (See Illus. Diet.) .Syn., Lapsus capiUonifn; Lapiii^ pilontin : De/htxio capil/ontin ; I'ulpis moiiut^. A., Accidental, A. area. See A. areata (Illus. Diet.). A., Cachectic, that due to general malnu- trition. A. eczematodes, baldness due to eczema. A., General. See y/. loiiversalis (Illus. Diet.). A. leprosorum, the falling of the hair occurring in leprosy. A. localis congenita, congenital baldness limited to circumscribed regions. A., Natural, con- genital baldness or that due to old age. A. neuri- tica. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. Falling of the hair from neuritic atrophy. A. normalis, infantile and senile baldness. A. pityrodes, a gradual lessening of the hair with abundant desquamation of epithelium and sebaceous matter. A. praematura, A., Premature, Idiopathic. .See.-/., I'lesetiih-. A. praesenilis. A., Presenile, baldness resembling senile alopecia in gen- eral character, but occurring at an earlier age. A., Symptomatic, loss of hair through local causes, and in circumscribed regions. A. unguis, A. unguium, the falling of the nails. Syn., Oity li,pt,nis. A. uni- versalis congenita, congenital baldness affecting the whole body.
Alopeciatus {al-o-pf-s/w-n'-tiis). Characterized by or affected with alopecia.
Alopecic (al-o-pc-'-sii). I. Relating to alopecia. 2. .■\n individual affected with alopecia.
Alopecy (a/'-o-pf-sy). ^ee AAptvia (Illus. Diet.).
Alpenstich [a/p^-en-sti/c) [Ger.]. A form of severe pleurisy or pleuropneumonia with typhoid symptoms peculiar to mountainous regions. It occurred as an epidemic in the Swiss Alps in 1771 and in north Ger- many in 1832. See Alpjlcckcii.
Alpestris [al-pfs'-tris) [L.]. Applied to organisms growing on mountains below the snow line. Syn., Aff'igfnoHS.
Alpfiecken (alp-flek'-en') [Ger.]. Blue spots some- times occurring on the skin after Alpenstich.
Alpha. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. The fiber of esparto grass. A.eigon, a compound of iodin and albu- min containing \^% of iodin and soluble in water. A.eunol. See under Eiiitnl. A. leukocyte, one disintegrating during blood-coagulation.
Alphabet i^al' ■fa-br't) [(j/0rt, MiTn, tirst and second letters of the Greek alphabet]. The letters forming the elements of a written language. A., Braille-, a system of letters consisting of elevated points, for the use of the blind. A., Chemic, Lnlly's .system, in which each letter of the alphabet had a symbolic signification.
Alphabetum chymicum (al-fa-hc'-tiim kim'-ik-um'). See Alph.ih^t, C/nmic.
Alphasol {a/^-fii'So/ ). A commercial preparation used as an antiseptic iir rhinology and larvngology.
Alphene {a/-/ln'). NjHjC. A hypothetic radicle. A. Sulfid. See Ammonium Sulfocyanale.
Alphenols [aI-fe-iioh'^. A class of compounds having
the characteristics of both alcohols and phenols. Alphodeopsoriasis [aZ-fo-de-o-so-ri-a'-sis) [a/^cirfjyf, leprous ; ipuipiaair, psoriasis]. A form of psoriasis , resembling leprosy.
Alphodermia (nl-l'o-t/uy'-me-a/i) \jOifi6c, white ; lU/ifia, the skin]. Achromatosis ; any disease marked by lack of pigmentation.
Alphodes (a/'-foi/ez). .See Alphoid.
Alphoid [a/^~foid). Resembling alphos ; leprous.
Alphol ((;/'-/;>/). C,;1I,.;03. The salicylic ether of a- naphlhol, a white crystalline powder, soluble in alcohol, in ether, and in fatty oils, insoluble in water ; melts at 83° C. It is an internal antiseptic. Dose, 8-15 gr. (0.52-1 gm.) 3 times daily. .Syn., Bctol.
Alphous [ii/'-/iis). Relating to alphos.
Alphus. See Alphos ( Illus. Diet.). A. confertus, a scrofulous form of impetigo with clustered lesions at- tended with formalitin of white crusts. A. leuce, Plenck's name for a skin disease marked by white spots, which penetrate the skin deeply and involve the hairs, and if pricked a milky water exudes. Syn., Vitiligo Ifiiif : J.i'tiif. A. simplex, Plenck's name for a skin disease marked bv white patches not involving the hairs and wandering from one j>art to the other, with roughening of the skin. A. sparsus, a scrofulous disseminated ecthyma attended with formation of white crusts.
Alpigenous {al-pii'-fii-iis). See Alp/stris.
Alpine (al'-pin). Inhabiting regions above the forest line, or among perpetual snow on mountains.
Alpinin \^Alpiiiia\. C,jH,.,()j. A constituent of the coloring-matter of galangal root.
Alsidium (al-sid'-e-uiii) [H/i7<J((;/f, woody, bushy]. A genus of AlgiT, belonging to the order Flo7-ide<?. A. helminthochortus, Agardh., a species found in the Adriatic and Mediterranean and especially on the coast of Corsica. It chiefly constitutes the Corsican moss (y. v.") of commerce. Cf. Gigartiiia acicularis, L., and Desmaretia aculcata^ L.
Alsol [al'-sol). Aluminium acetotartrate.
Alstonamin (al-sto-iiani'-iit). See Alslonin.
Alstonia (al-stc'-ii,-a/i) {^Charles Alston, 1 683-1 760; Scotch physician and botanist]. A genus of apocyna- ceous trees and shrubs. A. constricta, F. Muel., the Australian fever-tree, yields the alkaloid alstonin. The bark is tonic, antiperiodic, and antipyretic, and is used in intermittent fevers. Fl. Ext., dose, 30-60ITL (1.8-3.7 c.c. ). A. scholaris, R. Br., the devil-tree, a native of the East Indies, furnishes dita bark ; it is tonic, astringent, antiperiodic, and anthelmintic.
Alstonicin (al-stoii'-is-in). An alkaloid obtained from Alstofiia constricta.
Alstonidin (al-ston'-id-iii). An ^alkaloid isolated from Alstonia constricta ; it is soluble in ether and in chloroform.
Alstrcemeria [al-strnni-e' -rc-ah^ \_Claiidius Alstrome- riiis, a Swedish botanist]. A genus of herbs of the order Aniarvllidace^r. A. ligtu, a South American plant, furnishes Talcahuana arrowroot.
Alteration. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. Castration.
Alterative. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. Changing; alterant; reestablishing healthy nutritive processes. 3. Pro- ducing thirst.
Alternator (a-i<l'-ttir-na-tor^. An apparatus for con- verting the direct dynamo current into an alternating current.
Althaea. (.See Illus. Diet.) 2. A genus of plants of the order MalvacciC. The root of A. rosea, hollyhock, is used as a substitute (or A. officinalis. Unguentum Althaese, an ointment composed of marshmallow root, 2 parts ; turmeric, flaxseed, and fenugreek, each
ALTHAIN
57
ALUMINIUM
I part ; water, 70 parts ; lard, 44 parts j yellow wax, 6 parts. Syii., DiaUhiCas.
Althain {ai'-lha-iii). A substance found by Bacon in maislimallow root, identical with asparagin.
Althionate (al-thi'-on-at) [alcoliol ; tiuov, sulfur]. A salt of althionic acid.
Alum. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. To treat with alum. A., Alumina-, a mixture of alum antl aluminium sulfate. A., Aluminium-, an alum composed of a double sul- fate of aluminium and another radicle. A., Burnt, alum dried by heat ; a spongy, pulverizable substance. It is used as an astringent and on fungous growths. Dose, 5-30 gr. (0.333 -1.944 B'"-)- ^y"-. CalitmJ alum: A'unien e.vsiccafitm; Aluinen ustnm. A., Cae- sium. See AliiininiutH and ccesiuin sulfate. A., Cae- sium and Rubidium. See Aluminium, msium, and rubidium sulfate. A. -cake, impure aluminium sulfate containing aljout \2% of alum anti soluble in Wiiter. A., Calcined. See .4., Burnt. A. -cataplasm, A. Curd, an ai:>plication for sore e\'es consisting of white of egg coagulated with alum. A., Chrome, A., Chro- mic, A., Chromium. .See Chromium and potassium sulfate. A., Compound Powder of, a combination of 2 parts of crude alum and I part of kino. -Syn., .Alttmen kinosatum. A., Concentrated, aluminium sulfiite. A., Copper. See Copper, .4tuminated. A., Cubic, tluit occurring in crystalline cubes. A., Dried. See .7., Burnt. A., English, ordinary alum. A., Feather, A., Feathered, I. .•Vlum occurring in a fibrous form. 2. .-Vsbestos. A., Ferric. .See A., Iron. A., Flowers of, that occurring in a white efflorescent layer upon minerals which have been sub- jected to heat. A., Hairy. Same as A., Feather. A. -hematoxylin, a purple stain for tissues obtained from an alcohoHc solution of hematoxylin l)y addition of an aqueous solution of potassium alum. A. Hydrate, aluminium hydrate. A., Ice. See .7., Roman. A., Indium, indium and ammonium sulfate. A., Iron, iron and potassium sulfate or a double sulfate of iron and another radicle. A., Liquid, combined alum, , alumina, and iron oxid. Syn., Rock butter. A., Manganese, a double sulfate of manganese and another radicle, particularly manganese an<l potassium sulfate. A., Manganic Ammonium. %it .Manganese and .-immonium sulfate. A. -meal, alum in the form of a very fine powder. A., Melian, alum fron^ Melos. A., Muriated, aluminium chlorid. A. -ointment, an unguent composed of lard, alum, and turpentine. A., Plumose. See .7 , Feather. A., Porous, alumin- ium sulfate rendered porous by treating the solution from which it crystallizes with sodium bicarbonate. A., Potash-, A., Potassa, A., Potassic, A., Potas- sium-, an alum containing potassium, particularly or- dinaryalum, or aluminium and potassium sulfate [<j. 7'.). A. -poultice. See .4.. -cataplasm. A., Roach, A., Roche, A., Rock, a pure alum tinged with pink, brought from Rocca in Syria. A. -rock. See .-ilunite. A., Roman, an alum obtained from Tolfa, Italy, where it is made from alunite ; it forms crystalline cubes, often of orange-red hue. A., Round, that shaped into round masses by liand. A., Scissile, native alum occurring in efflorescent form. A , Scotch, a form of ammonia-alum containing ]?otash, made near Paisley. A., Soluble. See .7., Concentrated. A.- stone. See .Alunite. A., Thallic, A., Thallium, aluminiutn and thallium sulfate Al,,| S(_)^)-5 . Tl.jSO^- + 2411,0.
Alumeniferous. S^c^ .iluminiferoiis (Illus. Diet. V
Alumenized (al-u'-men-izd). Treated or mi\ed with alum.
Alumia. See Alumina (Illus. Diet.).
Alumil {al^~u-mih. Alumina in combination with acids.
Alumin. See Alumina (Illus. Diet.).
Aluminaris, Aluminarius (al-u-ntin-tt'-ris,-a'-re-us).
See .Aluminous.
A\uminated (al-u-min-a'-teJ). Combined with alum, alumina, or aluminium.
Aluminatum {al-u-min'a^-tum). A decoctif)n of ^ oz. of alum in a pint of lemon juice, used in treatment of ])u>lules on tlie face.
Aluminatus. See Aluminated.
Aluminic, Aluminicus {al-u-min'-ik, -us). Relating to or having the nature of alum.
Aluminiform {al-u-min'-e-form). Resembling alum in form and appearance.
Aluminite [al-u'-min-it). Native hydrous sulfate of aluminium occurring in small snow-white or yellowish roundish masses.
Aluminium. (See Illus. Diet.) A. Acetate, AIjO.- 4CJH3O.J -^ 4H2O, a white granulated ])owder or a gummy mass, insoluble in water. It is used as an internal and external di.sinfectant. Dose, 5-10 gr. (0.3-0.6 gm.) 3 times daily. A. Acetoborate, translucent hygr