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WHO'S WHO

in America

A BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY OF NOTABLE LIVING MEN AND WOMEN OF THE UNITED STATES

1 90 1-

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■ 1902

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;,' ; i 1 EDITED BY

. JOHN' W,

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LEONARD

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CHICAGO

A. N. MARQUIS & COMPANY PUBLISHERS

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. 55

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PREFACE

When the first edition of Who's Who in America appeared, in 1899, it pre- sented itself as a new and untried experiment in the field of American bookmaking. It was the first book ever issued which claimed to be, in any comprehensive de- gree, a general biographical dictionary of notable American contemporaries. The compilation of such a book from the results of original research was obviously a task full of difficulties, and these were mentioned, with some fullness of detail, in the preface to the original volume.

Those interested in the production of the book looked forward, with strong confidence, to a favorable reception for it. But the event outran the expectation. The highest hopes that had been entertained scarcely approached the actual cor- diality and enthusiasm with which the book was received by the critics and the public. The amount of attention given to the work by literary critics showed that Who's Who in America was regarded as one of the most important publications of the year 1899. Indeed, one of the foremost American journalists characterized it as being entitled to first place in the literary output of that year. It was every- where hailed as a valuable addition to the list of indispensable reference books. The approving critics included not only those connected with the great news- papers, but also those of the leading literary, scientific, and technical magazines and reviews of America and Europe.

Gratifying as was this wide approval by critics and literary experts, a still more valuable form of endorsement has appeared in the voluntary testimonials to the usefulness of the baok which have come -in, connection with the actual daily use of the old and the preparation ol the new volume. These testimonials now reach into %the thousands, and show.a.highidegree-iof appreciation, which has been a powerful inspiration toward painstaking care in .the work of the present volume.

The Preface to the.1899-.190q, edition, aoniewhat timidly intimated that periodical revisions of the book would bt-tnade, ancfc suggestions along that line were invited. A few months after the book had been issued it became apparent that a new edi- tion was demanded, and as time went on it became more and more certain that the revision must take the form of an entirely new book, so numerous were the addi- tions and so extensive the changes required.

The results of the revision and enlargement of Who's Who in America are now placed before the reader in the present book. As to the enlargement, the increase in the number of biographical pages from 827 (including Addenda) in the first to 1,280 (including Addenda) in the present edition, and of names from 8,602 in 1899 to 11,551 in 1901, bears sufficient testimony. Of the 8,602 names in the old edition, 752 have been omitted from the present one. Of these 498 are known to have died, and their names are recorded in the Necrology of the pres- ent volume. Among the other 255 who have been dropped are some who were included in the first edition solely because they then belonged to some one of the arbitrary classifications embraced in the book. Being no longer in those classifi- cations, they have been omitted. There are also a few omissions of people whose

iii

iv PREFACE

present whereabouts careful inquiry has failed to disclose. Some of these may also be dead.

With reference to the extent to which revision has been carried out, it may be stated that of the 7,850 biographies appearing in both editions not more than 10 per cent are entirely unchanged. Each of these 7,850 biographies has been sent to its subject with a request for revisions and additions. Many of the life-sketches have been entirely rewritten; mistakes have been rectified wherever discovered, and new matter has been added. A feature of the volume is the insertion of the parentage in every sketch for which the necessary information was obtainable. The parentage was not given in the first edition. In the case of authors a strong effort has been made to secure complete lists of all of their published books. To this end special blanks were sent to all authors, asking them for lists of their books with dates of original publication and names and addresses of present publishers. The response to the first part of the request was so general that (although there are still some omissions) the present edition of Who's Who in America is believed to contain the most complete list of living American authors and their works which is now extant. The addition of dates to the titles of the books is a new feature which has been added wherever the in- formation was furnished. The adding to the date of a key-symbol indicating the name (and address where known) of the firm publishing the latest edition of the book is a unique innovation which it is believed will be of much value to authors, librarians, publishers and all interested in books. The only thing to regret in connection with this feature is the failure of numerous authors to furnish the information required to make this apply to eveiy book listed.

With regard to the addition of new namei, the endeavor h'^s been to adhere to the high standard which governed the selection of <sfc6&e§'cfls the first edition. The idea of the plan pursued has been to make ihe irclusivetiess of the work more perfect, but at the same time to retain its features of exclusiveness. Some lines of distinction are much more extensively represented clffari before: this being no- tably the case with reference to artists and authors.

The enlargement of the book is not the result of padding, but of extended scope. In fact, the necessity for careful condensation has been more apparent in the new than in the old book, and a much more extensive use of abbreviations has been made. These abbreviations are, however, of a simple and conventional char- acter, and will in almost every case be at once understood, without need of ref- erence to the list of abbreviations, which can be consulted readily if any difficulty of interpretation shall be found.

The invitation extended in the first edition for suggestions of improvement, new names, notice of omissions or of errors, etc., has called forth much corre- spondence which has been incalculably helpful in the work of the present volume. It is, of course, true that not all of the good suggestions could be adopted. Some of them, excellent in themselves, would have required a large increase of space. As it is, the enlargement has exceeded expectations in regard to the space required by the additions and improvements incorporated in this edition.

One of the suggestions made was that a classified index be appended in' which

PREFACE v

the names should be listed according to occupation or line of distinction. The value of this suggestion was so obvious that considerable test work was done with a view to its adoption. To do the work thoroughly it was found, however, that nearly every name would have to be listed from two to four times, requiring approximately about 35,000 entries, or about 100 pages. It was impossible to spare so much space, and the work was reluctantly abandoned.

The work of selecting new names and procuring biographical material has been prosecuted with the utmost zeal and care ; but, while the results have been very gratifying, it is still true that there are names which should be included that are absent. In a country of over seventy-six millions of people even approximate success in the judicious selection of a certain class of distinguished names is a difficult task; and after they are selected appropriate data in regard to them are not always procurable. Therefore, even with the utmost effort, there will always be an unrecorded remnant.

The labor connected with preparing a work of this kind is arduous, and the gathering of so much information and reducing it to condensed statement involve efforts that are strenuous and serious. The task is, however, not unrelieved by amusing incidents and grotesque side-views of various idiosyncrasies, and of hu- morous phases of character and thought. Many of these revealed themselves in revisions of sketches which appeared in the first edition. To one man, recorded in that edition as "married," without further particulars, a proof was sent for re- vision, with a note: "Please give the maiden-name of your wife." With the return of the corrected proof came the following: "I am sorry I can not comply with your request to give you my "wifeV rnVMen name, as she is now traveling in Europe. v l

An amusing comment on-^.no'her sketch returned without revision was: "This is correct, and is, it seems' to •me just what such a note should be: careful, accu- rate, no bouquets, no bricks." Not qiske so complimentary was the following from a leading western poet ai'd 'drJtic: "1 take pleasure in revising the sketch of myself in the game of Literary Tag, or Who's It."

In the Information Blank sent to those requested to furnish biographical data the line which was oftenest overlooked was that of "date of birth." Not only did many ladies ignore it, but some men also. One lady wrote in : "I am not young enough to be careless, nor old enough to be reckless." Several wrote in the line such comments as "not necessary," or "leave out." One lady, to whom the printed sketch from the first edition was sent for revision, wrote underneath it : "Please substitute the enclosed typewritten sketch, which is much better." Exam- ination revealed the fact that the typewritten matter was identical with the printed slip, except that the date of birth was omitted.

The death of 498 out of a total list of names numbering 8,602, will perhaps seem, at first glance, to be a rather alarming bill of mortality, being about 29.4 to the 1,000 per annum. But when it is considered that the book is made up of men and women of achievement, and that a large number are people who have led lives of great activity and are now old, the number is after all not surprising. One of the noteworthy facts which came to light in compiling the Necrology is

vi PREFACE.

the total elimination of the name of Daly from the present volume, although there were four of the name in the first edition : Augustin Daly, the dramatist and manager; Charles Patrick Daly, jurist and geographer; Marcus Daly, miner and capitalist, and William D. Daly, congressman and lawyer.

In the list now presented the birth-dates extend back to 1804 (including the senior Rear Admiral Selfridge), and cover probably every year down to 1883, when Mary Antin, the "child author," was born. Probably the next most youth- ful (unless others have used reticence as to age in order to conceal youth) is Margaret Horton Potter, the authoress, born in 1881.

The experiences connected with those who desired to be left out or who strug- gled to get in were similar to those mentioned in the Preface to the first edition, but the latter class was, as a general thing, the more persistent. One man, after revising his sketch in ink with much care and particularity, made faint pencil-lines diagonally across it and then wrote underneath : "Please leave me out." The poetess, who two years ago, wrote, "Wait until I am dead before you embalm me," renewed her objections in practically the same words when asked for a revision. Several offered as substitutes for the submitted copy long eulogistic sketches. One demanded that a typewritten sketch of twenty-two closely written foolscap pages be substituted for the printed record of as many lines which had been submitted to him. Several actors asked to have extracts from especially favorable press notices appended to their sketches. Two or three of the same profession, as well as others in various vocations, thought their notices would look better with a por- trait, and sent their photographs for reproduction. One man, who has had a some- what meteoric newspaper career, made <?apioyS„ additions and 'further said: "This will do, if you can't do better — but I would 'like* about L<& stsSkiul more space. This is a good thing." - ■", i =■<?"? \;*:

Many and strenuous were the efforts cfes proftur? 'admission by persons whose applications had to be declined. A few- whtf suggested:' themselves were included, being persons whose position or achievements' made; "them .'-eligible. There were, as in the first edition, many who tried to buy their way in ; but, as before, the book has been kept entirely free from any buying or selling of space, except in the plainly designated advertising pages, which have themselves been carefully guarded from objectionable features. Who's Who in America has gained such a well- established reputation that the sincerity of its statements in this regard is seldom doubted. It is now very rarely the case that biographical information comes with the appended note : "The above information is given with the understanding, as stated by you, that it places me under no pecuniary obligation whatever," or words of similar import. Such caution is entirely unnecessary. The policy of Who's Who in America in this respect has been permanently adopted, and, whatever may be the errors of inclusion or omission, they are solely mistakes of judgment, entirely unbiased and unprejudiced. The publishers are, of course, very glad to sell the book to all who care to buy it, but mention in it is in no way controlled by the question of subscription.

The most valuable aid in the matter of selecting names to be represented has been their suggestion by persons already in the book. Many men of eminent ability

PREFACE vii

have given cheerful and hearty cooperation in this respect. The names of these are quite too numerous to list, although Dr. W J McGee, of the Bureau of American Ethnology, for renewed favors ; Mr. Joseph B. Gilder, of The Critic ; Mr. Frank- lin B. Wiley, of The Ladies' Home Journal; Mr. Edward Stanwood, of The Youths' Companion, are among the many whose kindly service in this respect has been especially cordial and valuable. There are hundreds of otbers — publishers, journalists, scientists, educators, librarians, litterateurs, etc. — who have helped.

In a few instances attention has been called by correspondents to errors of judgment made in the selection of names for the first edition. It had been ex- pected that criticism would be directed principally toward errors in the admission of names. As a matter of fact, however, the errors of inclusion were either very few or excited little attention. Scarcely a score of names in the first edition have been challenged as unworthy. The omission of individual names has been the subject of most of the criticisms made by those who have written. Yet even here the majority have been kind enough to express their gratification at the complete- ness and carefulness with which the task of selection has been carried out, at the same time that they have noted some specific omission.

It is hoped that the enlarged scope of the present volume will make the use- fulness of the book for biographical reference more complete than ever. In order that those not familiar with Who's Who in America by the use of the first edi- tion may know the extent of the field it aims to cover, it may be stated in a general way that the present edition contains concise biographical sketches of n.551 living men and women. They are either Americans themselves or are so closely identi- fied with American affairs or interests as to be subjects of American inquiry or discussion. Thus, foreign ambassadors and ministers accredited to this country are included. So are some foreign actors, lecturers and others who, by frequent visits, or in some other way, have become subjects of inquiry or interest in this country. Endeavor has been made to include all Americans of more than local note in all lines of useful effort. Most of these have been selected as a matter of judgment for which no inflexible rule can be established. Many others, however, have been arbitrarily included, the ex-officio admissions aiming to embrace all members of the Fifty-seventh Congress ; all governors of the States and Terri- tories now in office; all United States judges? all judges of State and Territorial courts of highest appellate jurisdiction; also persons of other important official classifications; all presidential and vice-presidential candidates of 1900; members of the national committees of the two principal political parties and heads of the others ; members of the National Academy of Sciences ; members of the National Academy of Design ; educational heads of all the larger universities and colleges ; as well as some other arbitrary classifications.

It is believed that the book, with the condensed form of statement it has adopted, contains more biographical information than was ever before compressed into so small a space ; and more than half of this is information which can not be found elsewhere in print. The former edition was characterized by one of our distinguished scientists as a "compendium of intellectual life in America," and by a famous diplomat and litterateur as '"indispensable to any one who would

viii PREFACE

keep pace with the age." In the production of the present volume there has been a constant endeavor to maintain the standard of work which has evoked these and hundreds of similar commendations. It mirrors the national life in all its various phases; the developments of science and industry; the marshaling of financial forces on a scale never before attempted; the building up of intelligence by the increasing magnificence and widening scope of educational facilities; the growing power of the Nation in military, naval and commercial strength ; the development of literature and art; the ministry of the Gospel at home and abroad through American agencies ; the progress and evolution of new social and political theories and potentialities. All these and other phases of American activity and progress are pictured through the life sketches of the men and women who best represent them. Here are epitomized the stories of opportunities grandly improved by thousands of men and women who have helped to shape the conditions of To-Day in American thought and action, and who are bearing an important share in fashioning the still more grand To-Morrow of our land. The book is full of sociological suggestion, and of much else that is worthy of more than casual reference. Even the flavor of romantic adventure is not wanting, for there are stories of explorers, of warriors and of pioneers, and of men, like Lamar Fon- taine, for instance, whose true adventures surpass those of many of the most fanci- ful heroes of imaginative literature.

The volume for 1901-1902 is in all essentials a new book: every line reset, about 90 per cent of the old matter revised, and additions made which make the volume about 52 per cent larger than before.

The policy of appending to practically every sketch the present address of its subject is the one which has involved the greatest expenditure of time and labor and a vast amount of correspondence. It is scarcely possible that any reader can conceive how difficult this work has really been with reference to quite a large percentage of the total number. Persons sought for in the Rocky Mountain region have been finally located in Paris. People whose last suggested address was in Maine have been found in California, and in many cases a dozen or more letters have been necessary to procure the desired information. But the results are fully worth the trouble. One distinguished man testified that through its agency he had been enabled to open correspondence with a score of college friends whose addresses he had sought in vain for years. This feature of a handy directory -combined with a biographical dictionary has met with the widest approval and appreciation. The proved usefulness of the book has extended to practically all classes of men and institutions. Its use by newspapers is, of course, very great, and that it is indispensable in libraries is also equally obvious. It has taken, also, a very prominent place in educational institutions, and particularly in universities and colleges, where its accessory value in connection with practically every branch of higher education has gained the widest recognition.

With a view to future revisions, as time or necessity shall make them advisable, suggestions for further improvement, changes in biographical data, notices of deaths and announcements of changes of address as they occur, are again invited. Chicago, August 1, 1901.

CONTENTS

Abbreviations X

Educational Statistics XIII

Birth and Residence Statistics XV

Who's Who in America (Biographical) 17

Addenda 1279

Key to Publishers 1280

Necrology T2.S4

ADVERTISEMENTS

Worcester Educational and Industrial

Bureau 1331

Worcester Polytechnic Institute 1340

Schools of Art.

Eric Pape School of Art 1328

National Academy of Design 1337

Schools of Dentistry.

Chicago College of Dental Surgery 1334

College of Dentistry, University of 111.. 1338

Scliools of Divinity. Seabury Divinity School 1312

Scliools of Expression.

Morgan, Miss Anna 1327

School of Expression 1342

Scliools of Law.

Boston University 1307

Chicago Correspondence School of Law. .1343

Illinois College of Law 1330

New York Law School 1339

Scliools of Medicine. Cleveland College of Physicians and

Surgeons 1335

College of Physicians and Surgeons (Boston) 1345

Eclectic Medical College of the City of

New York 1337

Jefferson Medical College 1335

Johns Hopkins University 1306

New York Homoeopathic Medical Col- lege and Hospital 1333

Post-Graduate Medical School of Chi- cago 1342

Rush Medical College 1334

Western Pennsylvania Medical College. 1345

Scliools of Music and. Voice Culture.

American Institute of Applied Music 1344

Bruegger, Frederick 1343

Chicago Musical College 1341

Conservatory of Music (New York) 1344

Lothner Music School 1343

New England Conservatory of Music. 1329

Pennsylvania College of Music 1328

Pratt's (S. G.) West End Private School

of Piano Playing 1344

Spiering Violin School 1343

Virgil Piano School 1337

Scliools of Shorthand.

Chapman, V. S 1343

Dearborn School of Shorthand 1343

ABBREVIATIONS

A.A.A.S American Association for the Ad- vancement of Science. A.B. (also B.A.)Bachelor of Arts.

Acad Academy.

a.d.c Aide-de-camp.

adj adjutant.

Agr Agriculture.

Agr'l Agricultural.

agt agent.

Ala Alabama.

Am American.

A.M. (also M.A.) Master of Arts.

A.M.E African Methodist Episcopal.

A.N. A Associate National Academician.

Anat Anatomical.

Anthrow.... Anthropological.

appmt appointment.

apptd appointed.

Archseol.... Archaeological.

Ariz,. Arizona.

Ark Arkansas.

arty, (or art.), .artillery.

Assn Association.

asso associate.

asst assistant.

Astron Astronomical.

atty attorney.

Aug August.

Av Avenue.

b born.

B.A. (also A.B.) Bachelor of Arts".

Bapt Baptist.

Bd Board.

Hi hi ii»g Bibliographical.

Bioj? Biographical.

Biol Biological.

B.L,. (also Lli.B.) Bachelor of Laws.

Bldgr Building.

B.L.S Bachelor of Library Science.

Bot Botanical.

Boul Boulevard.

brig- brigadier.

Brit British, Britannica.

Brit. Assn. Adv. Science

British Association for the Ad- vancement of Science. B.S. (also S.B.) Bachelor of Science.

hull Bulletin.

livt brevet.

bvtd brevetted.

Calif California.

Can Canada.

capt captain.

cav cavalry.

C.E Civil Engineer.

Ch Church.

Cheni Chemical.

chirnrg chirurgical.

Chnin Chairman.

civ civil.

Co Company; county.

col colonel.

Coll- College.

C*»Jto Colorado.

com committee.

Com in' n Commission.

Comm'r Commissioner.

comd commanded.

conidgr commanding.

c omdr commander.

ABBREVIATIONS.

Conf conference.

Cong'l Congregational.

Conn Connecticut.

conv convention.

corr correspondent, corresponding.

cos companies.

C.S.A. (or C. S. army)... Confederate States Army.

C.S.N, (or C. S. Navy).... Confederate States Navy.

D.A.R Daughters of the American

Revolution.

d. (or dau.)... daughter.

D.C District of Columbia.

D.C.Ij Doctor of Civil Law.

D.D Doctor of Divinity.

D.D.S Doctor of Dental Surgery.

Dec December.

degr degree.

Del Delaware.

Dem Democratic.

dept department.

dip director.

dist district.

div division.

D. Litt. (also L.H.D.) Doctor of Literature.

D.V.S Doctor of Veterinary Surgery.

E Bast.

Econ Economic.

ed educated.

edit edition.

ed'n education.

edn'l educational.

E.E Electrical Engineer.

E.E. & M. P.. Envoy extraordinary and min- ister plenipotentiary.

Egyptol Egyptological.

elec electrical.

Ency Encyclopaedia.

I-iiiK' England.

eng'r engineer.

eng'ring engineering.

Entomol.. . . Entomological.

Ethnol Ethnological.

Evang Evangelical.

Exam examination.

Exb'n Exhibition.

exec. com., .executive committee.

expd'n expedition.

Exp'n Exposition.

Expt Experiment.

Feb February.

Fla Florida.

Ft Fort.

Ga Georgia.

G.A.R Grand Army of the Republic.

g.d grand daughter.

sen general.

Geneal Genealogical.

Geog Geographical.

Geol Geological.

Gov Governor.

Gov't Government.

grad graduated.

g.s grand son.

Gynecol Gynecological.

H.I Hawaiian Islands.

Hist Historical.

Homo? Homoeopathic.

lion honorary.

Ho. of Rep.. House of Representatives.

Hort Horticultural.

Hoi)]) Hospital.

Hydros- Hydrographic.

la Iowa.

Ida Idaho.

Ill Illinois.

Illns Illustrated.

Ind Indiana.

Ind. Ty Indian Territory.

inf infantry.

Ins Insurance.

Insp Inspector.

Inst Institute.

Iitst'n Institution.

Instr instructor.

Internat. . . International.

Jan January.

Jonr Journal (in name of paper.)

Jnd Judicial.

J. CD. Juris Utriusque Doctor. Doctor

of Both (Canon and Civil) Laws.

Kan Kansas.

Ky Kentucky.

La Louisiana.

I-aryngol.. . Laryngological.

L.H.D Doctor of Literature (also D.

Litt.)

Litt. D Doctor of Letters.

LL. B ".Bachelor of Laws (also B. L.)

LL. D Doctor of Laws.

It lieutenant.

lt.-grov lieutenant-governor.

Lnth Lutheran.

m married.

M.A Master of Arts (also A. M.)

Bias Magazine.

inaj major.

Mass Massachusetts.

Math Mathematical.

M.B Bachelor of Medicine.

mcht merchant.

M.D Doctor of Medicine.

Md Maryland.

Me Maine.

M.E Master of Engineering, Metho- dist Episcopal.

Mech Mechanical.

M.E. Ch Methodist Episcopal Church.

Med Medical.

mem member.

Meteorol.. . .Meteorological.

Metrol Metrological.

Metall Metallurgical.

mfg Manufacturing.

mf r Manufacturer.

mgr manager.

Mich Michigan.

Micros Microscopical.

Mil Military.

Minn Minnesota.

Miss Mississippi.

M.L Master of Laws.

Mile Mademoiselle (Miss).

Mme Madame.

Mo Missouri.

Mont Montana.

M.S Master of Science.

Mt Mount.

Mns. II Bachelor of Music.

Mas. D. or Mas. Doc. Doctor of Music.

Mat Mutual.

N North.

N.A National Academician.

Nat National.

ABBREVIATIONS

IV. B New Brunswick.

N.C North Carolina.

N. Dak: North Dakota.

N.B Northeast.

Neb Nebraska.

Nev Nevada.

N.H New Hampshire.

N.J New Jersey.

N. Mex New Mexico.

Nov November.

itr near.

N.S .Nova Scotia.

N.T New Testament.

N Tim is Numismatic.

N.W Northwest.

N.Y New York (state).

O Ohio.

obstet obstetrical.

Oet October.

Okla Oklahoma.

Ont Ontario.

Opbtbal Ophthalmological.

Ore Oregon.

Ornitbol.. .. Ornithological.

O.S.B Order of Saint Benedict.

O.T Old Testament.

Otol Otologieal.

Pa Pennsylvania.

path pathological.

P.E Protestant Episcopal.

pharm Pharmaceutical.

Ph. D Doctor of Philosophy.

Phila Philadelphia.

Philol Philological.

Pliilos Philosophical.

Ph. M Master of Pharmacy.

Phys. & Surg.. .Physicians and Surgeons.

P.I Philippine Islands.

PI Place.

Pomol Pomological.

P.Ct... Province of Quebec.

prep preparatory.

pres president.

Presb. (or Presby'n) Presbyterian.

prin principal.

proe proceedings.

prod produced (for production of

play).

Prof Professor.

prop'r proprietor.

pros, att'y. .prosecuting attorney.

pro tern pro tempore (for the time

being).

Psychol Psychological.

Publ publication.

pvt private.

q.m quartermaster.

Q,uar Quarterly.

Clue Quebec (province).

q.v quod vide (which see).

R.C Roman Catholic.

Rd Road.

R.E Reformed Episcopal.

r egt regiment.

Rep Republican.

Rev Review (in title of periodical).

Reverend. Rhinol Rhinological.

R-I Rhode Island.

R.P Reformed Presbyterian.

R.P.D Rerum Politicartim Doctor (Doc- tor of Political Science).

R.R Railroad.

Ry Railway.

.■>• _. . son.

S...... South.

S.A South America.

S.B. (also B.S.) Bachelor of Science.

S.C South Carolina.

Sc. I) Doctor of Science.

S. Dak South Dakota.

S.E South-East.

Sec Secretary.

sect section.

Sem Seminary.

Sept September.

Sergt Sergeant.

S.J Society of Jesus (Jesuit).

Soc Society.

Sociol Sociological.

sp'l special.

Sq Square.

St Saint; Street.

Sta Station.

Statis Statistical.

S.T.B Bachelor of Sacred Theology.

S.T.D Doctor of Sacred Theology.

S.T.Li Licentiate in Theology.

snpt superintendent.

Surg Surgical.

S.W South-West. .

tech technical.

technol technological.

Tenn Tennessee.

Tex Texas.

Theol Theological.

Topog Topographical.

Tp Township.

trans transactions.

transl translations.

treas treasurer.

Ty. (or Ter.). .Territory.

II. B United Brethren in Christ.

Univ University.

U.P United Presbyterian.

U.S United States.

U.S. A United States Army.

U.S.N United States Navy.

U.S.V United States Volunteers.

Va Virginia.

Vet Veteran.

Vol Volunteer; Volume.

v.-p vice-president.

vs versus (against) .

Vt Vermont.

W West.

Wash Washington (State).

W.C.T.U Woman's Christian Temperance

Union.

W.I West Indies.

Wis Wisconsin.

W. Va West Virginia.

Wyo Wyoming.

Y.M.C.A Young Men's Christian Assn.

yrs years.

Zool Zoological.

EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS

Among the preliminary discussions in the original edition of Who's Who in America was an article which was inserted with a view to analyzing as accurately as possible the educational advantages enjoyed by the people biographically men- tioned in the volume.

The statistics there presented, with the deductions made from them, attracted wide and interested attention, and very many requests have been made for a similar presentation of educational statistics in the present edition. In addition to these requests, the extended current discussion, as to the value of the higher education as a factor in success, has seemed to make the compilation of such statistics in this edition timely, as well as useful. Some writers have maintained that the higher education is a detriment rather than an aid to success, while others have stoutly defended the advantages of a college education. Of course the strength of the argument, either way, depends very largely upon the individual definition of the word "success."

Of the n,S5€ people whose brief biographies appear in the present edition, 9760 have furnished educational data, more or less complete, concerning their general or special education. These are people who have, in some line of effort, become sufficiently well known away from home to make the publication of biographical facts about them seem desirable. Many of them are successful people, from any definition, although not all are successful in the same way.

Of course, the value of these statistics depends primarily upon the accuracy of the information upon which they are based; and, secondly, upon the manner in which that information is statistically used.

In preparing the following figures the data furnished in regard to education of each subject have been examined. It has been necessary to eliminate from consideration all post-graduate work, in view of the fact that so large a proportion of post-graduate degrees are honorary that their value for statistical purposes is not ascertainable with even approximate accuracy. Therefore, the highest point in education to which these statistics reach is the baccalaureate degree, and for the purpose of this inquiry the degree of each collegiate institution must be taken as representing a general average of education. In the items relating to general education there have been no duplications, so that where the subject has attended one or more colleges besides academies, public schools, etc., there has been only one entry, and the higher includes the lower. Following are the figures :

4521 are graduates of universities and colleges conferring bacca- laureate degrees in letters, science, or philosophy. 965 others attended like institutions, but were not graduated. 889 closed their scholastic career in academies, seminaries, and

other institutions of a secondary grade. 117 finished in normal schools. 239 have a high school education only. 808 have merely common or public school education. 282 were privately educated. 31 are self-taught. 366 were educated in foreign institutions. 1791 furnish no educational data. 717 were graduated in medicine.

xiii

xiv EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS

327 were graduated from technical schools as engineers, archi- tects, chemists, agriculturists, etc.

494 are theological graduates.

521 were graduated from law schools.

121 were graduated from the U. S. Naval Academy.

14 naval officers were not graduated as such.

168 were graduated from the U. S. Military Academy.

36 military officers were not graduated as such.

In the foregoing there are about a thousand duplications, which represent those who have furnished facts concerning their technical or professional as well as their general education. Many, however, particularly physicians and lawyers, have given the details of their professional training, but have omitted all other reference to their general education. The 1791 who furnish no educational data include a certain number of persons about whom there are only a few identifying words, because further information could not be obtained. Others have simply omitted to furnish details of their education. Yet the absence of such details by no means implies lack of education, because many of them are engaged in pursuits which make sound scholastic training imperative. It is probable that if these had all supplied the information desired the relative numbers in each classification would have been practically the same.

For the purpose of the present comparison these and the 366 educated in foreign institutions may be eliminated and the inquiry may be confined to the first eight items, with the addition of the naval and military graduates, or to 8141 out of the total of 11,551 names in the book. Of these, 5486 are collegians, or, if the naval and military academies are accorded collegiate rank, the number is 5775. Only 313 (282 privately educated and 31 self-taught) did not attend school, and of the remaining 7828 only 808 stopped with the instruction received in the common schools. It should be remembered, however, that by far the larger number of those who went higher received their early training in the public schools. The most noteworthy fact is that of the 8141 who furnished full data in regard to their general education 5775 are collegians, and 4521 (or 4810 if West Point and Annapolis graduations are considered equivalent) have been graduated from colleges.

In regard to professional training, lack of time has prevented careful compari- son, but it may safely be said that less than one-half of the lawyers have recorded themselves as having attended law schools and less than one-half of the clergymen are graduates of theological schools. Most of the members of both professions have pursued their professional studies in other ways. The artists, sculptors, musicians, and actors have for the most part gained their preparatory studies under private direction.

Considering the character of the people concerning whom the foregoing figures and deductions have been compiled, the latter may be of some value for the pur- pose of illumining the current discussion of education as a factor in success. Another fact that may be worth emphasis as indicating the value of the deductions here made, is that a comparison between the figures given here and those pre- sented in the first edition, on precisely the same basis, show close similarity in results, the ratios being very nearly the same between the different items, not- withstanding the increased number of names in the present volume.

BIRTH AND RESIDENCE STATISTICS.

The following table shows the birth-place and present location, by States and Countries, of the 11,551 men and women biographically mentioned in the 1901-1902 volume of Who's Who in America:

None given

Alabama

Alaska

Arizona

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

District of Columbia.

Florida

Georgia

Hawaiian Islands ...

Idaho

Illinois

Indiana

Indian Ty

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

Missouri

Mississippi

Montana

Nebraska

Nevada

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New Mexico Ty

New York

North Carolina

North Dakota

Ohio

Oklahoma Ty

Oregon

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

South Carolina

South Dakota

Tennessee

Texas

Utah

Vermont

Virginia

Washington

West Virginia

Wisconsin

Wyoming

Africa

Argentine Republic .

Australia

Austria-Hungary

Bahamas

Belgium

Birth- place.

461

124

379

17 132

373

283

101

15 236

351

220

1130

169

22 156

2 235 248

2066

128

'806

"i3

1020

149

138 33 10

252 307

51 145

7 32

1 10

Present location.

115

58 291 109 266

33 889

46 113

25 704 173

15 153

80 125

99 205 1010 193 158 222

84 314

23 2849

25 422

44 880 113

32 167 104

59 145

47 147

1 1

Bermuda

Bohemia

Bolivia

Brazil

Burmah

Canada

Chili

China

Colombia

Costa Rica

Cuba

Curacao

Denmark

Ecuador

Egypt

England

France

Germany

Gibraltar

Greece

Guatemala

Haiti

Heliogoland ......

Holland

Honduras

India

Ireland

Isle of Man

Italy

Japan

Korea

Labrador

Liberia

Livonia

Madeira Island . . .

Mexico ,

Newfoundland

Norway

Persia

Peru

Philippine Islands

Poland

Portugal

Puerto Rico

Roumania

Russia

Samoa

Scotland

Siam

Spain

Styria

Sweden

Switzerland

Syria

Turkey

Uruguay

Venezuela

Wales

West Indies

Born at Sea

Birth- Present

place. location.

3 2

174 23

7 9

1 1

6 8

8 1

1 2

287 108

48 76

238 19

3 1

2 2

11 2

16 4

146

19 28

2 11

4 5

11 2

1 1

1 11

1 3

2 8

23 3

84 1

2 1

4 1

21 1

17 4

5 6

16 5

1 1

10 1

8 1

xvi BIRTH AND RESIDENCE STATISTICS

In the foregoing table 65 foreign countries, as well as the 45 States, 6 Terri- tories, and the District of Columbia, are represented. Puerto Rico and the Phil- ippine Islands are classed as "foreign," and Hawaii as domestic, for the purposes of this review. The officers of the army and navy who are in service beyond seas are not included in the list of foreign residents, but are credited to the Dis- trict of Columbia, because their permanent addresses are in care of the War and Navy Departments, respectively.

The totals show, as to birth-place, 9,800 natives, 1,281 foreign-born, 9 born at sea, 461 not reporting. Eliminating the last two items for the purpose of com- putation, 88.44 Per cent are native and n.56 per cent foreign-born. All of the American States and Territories contribute to the birth column except Alaska, Arizona, North Dakota, South Dakota, Oklahoma and Wyoming.

As to present residence only 370 live permanently abroad, 11,137 live in the United States and 44 do not report. Of those abroad 108 are in England, 76 in France, 28 in Italy, 23 in Canada, 19 in Germany, 11 each in Japan and the Phil- ippines, and less than 10 each in any other country. Among domestic residents the largest figures are represented by New York, Massachusetts, District of Co- lumbia, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Ohio, New Jersey, California, Connecticut, Mis- souri, and Maryland, in the order named.

In the birth column the largest figures, in order, are those of New York, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Maine, Virginia, Indiana, Vermont, New Jersey, Kentucky, New Hampshire and Maryland. New England, which fur- nishes 2,435 to the birth column, has only 1,631 in the residence column. The District of Columbia, Florida, Illinois, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, Rhode Island, Tennessee and Wisconsin are the only States east of the Mississippi in which the residents exceed the natives in this table. Every State and Territory west of the Mississippi (including Louisiana) is more largely represented in the second than in the first column.

The large number in the second column for the District of Columbia is due to the location there of government officials and employes. Senators and repre- sentatives in Congress are, however, accredited to their home States.

Taken as a whole, the table shows the western trend of population and the extensive concentration of many important activities in the larger cities. If the statistics could be compiled with greater detail, the latter named fact would appear even more strongly. Other deductions (and the table suggests many) must be left for the individual reader, but it- is believed that this table will be found in- teresting and valuable as indicating the extent of the dispersion or concentration of the higher activities and achievements of the notable people of the United States.

WHO'S WHO in America.

ABBATT, Agnes Dean, artist; b. New York, June 23, 1874; d. William D. and Agnes A. (Dean) A.; showed talent as child; en- tered Cooper Union art school 1873; studied at Nat. Acad. Design, and under R. Swain Gifford and James D. Smillie. Paints land- scapes, coast scenes, flowers; oil and water colors; mem. Am. Water Color Soc. since 1880. Address: Westchester, New York City.

ABBE, Cleveland, meteorologist; b. New York, Dec. 3, 1838; s. George Waldo A., merchant and philanthropist; grad. Coll. City of New York, 1857 (A. M., 1860; Ph. D., 1891; LL. D., Univ. of Mich., 1888; Univ. of Glasgow, Scotland, 1896; S. B., Harvard, 1900) ; Tutor Trinity Ch. Grammar School, New York, 1857-8. Studied astronomy with Brunnow, of Ann Arbor, Mich., 1858-9; un- der B. A. Gould at Cambridge, Mass., 1860-4. Asst. prof. Mich. Agr'l Coll., 1859; tutor Univ. of Mich., 1859-60; asst. in U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, 1860-4; studied at Nicholas Central Observatory, Pulkowa, nr. St. Petersburg, Russia, 1864-6; aide U. S. Naval Observatory, 1867-8; director Cincin- nati Observatory, 1868-73. Inaugurated daily weather report for Cincinnati Chamber of Commerce, the success of which led U. S. Gov't to take up similar work. Meteorolo- gist U. S. Signal Service, 1871-91; since 1891 meteorologist U. S. Weather Bureau. Now also editor "Monthly Weather Review." Prof, meteorology, Columbian Univ. since 1886. Lecturer on meteorology, Johns Hop- kins Univ. since 1896. Mem. Nat. Acad, of Sciences and many other scientific socs., do- mestic and foreign. Address: 2017 I St. N. W., Washington.

ABBE, Cleveland, Jr., acting prof, nat- ural sciences Winthrop Normal and Indus- trial Coll. of S. C, 1899-1900; b. Washington, March 25, 1872; grad. Harvard, 1894 (A. M., 1896; Ph. D., Johns Hopkins, 1898); held scholarship, 1896-7, and fellowship, 1897-8, in geology, Johns Hopkins; inst. physiogra- phy, Corcoran Scientific School, Columbian Univ., 1894-7; asst. Md. geol. survey, 1896-8; prof, geology and biology, Western Md. Coll., 1898-9. Unmarried. Wrote: Notes on Cuspate Capes of the Carolina Coast, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. ; The Physiog- raphy of Maryland (thesis), Rep. Md. State Weather Service, 1899; The Physiography of Allegheny Co., Md.; Report Md. Geol. Survey, 1900. Address: 2017 I St., N. W., Washington.

ABBE, Robert, surgeon; 6. New York, 1851; s. George Waldo A.; grad. Coll. City of New York, 1870; Coll. of Phys. & Surg., 1874; m. New York, Nov. 14, 1891, Mrs. Cath- erine Amory Palmer. Instr. English, draw- ing and geometry, Coll. City of New York, 1870-2; attending surgeon out-patient dept., New York Hosp., 1877-84; prof, didactic surgery, Women's Med. Coll., 2 yrs. ; sur- geon to St. Luke's Hosp. since 1884; New York Cancer Hosp. since 1893; attending surgeon New York Babies' Hosp., 1S92-7; asst. attending surgeon Roosevelt Hosp. since 1897; prof, surgery New York Post- Graduate Med. School, 1889-97; lecturer on surgery, Columbia Med. School, since 1898. Mem. Century Assn., University Club., etc. Address: 11 W. 50th St., New York.

ABBEY, Edwin Austin, artist; b. Phila., April 1, 1852; ed. Phila. Acad, of Fine Arts; engaged by Harper & Bros., 1871; went to England for them 1878; m. 1890, Mary Ger- trude, d. Frederick Mead of New York. Exhibited his first picture, A May Day Morning, at Royal Acad. 1890; other nota- ble pictures are: Fiammetta's Song, Rich- ard III. and Lady Anne, Hamlet, etc. Has published illustrated edition of Herrick's Poems, She Stoops to Conquer, Old Songs, Quiet Life (with Alfred Parsons, English artist), Comedies of Shakespeare, O Mistress Mine, Who is Sylvia? 1899; The Trial of Queen Katherine, The Penance of Eleanor, Duchess of Gloucester, 1900. Commissioned, 1901, by King Edward VII. of England to paint the scene of his coronation. Is asso. Royal Acad, and asso. Royal Water Color Soc. Address: Morgan Hall, Fairford, Glou- cestershire, England.

ABBEY, Henry, author; b. Rondout, N. Y., July 11, 1842; closed academical ed. un- der John N. Pomeroy, writer on internat. law. Edited Orange, N. J., Spectator, 1863, and contributed frequently to New York Leader by invitation of its editor, Henry Clapp, jr. ; m. Dec. 26, 1865, Mary Louise Du Bois of Kingston, N. Y., died Nov. 3, 1889. Contributor to The Galaxy and other mags. Author: May Dreams, 1862; Ralph and Other Poems, 1866; Stories in Verse, 1869 R2; Ballads of Good Deeds, 1872 A2; Bal- lads of Good Deeds and Other Poems, 1876; Poems, 1879 A2; The City of Success and Other Poems, 1883 A2. Collected works: The Poems of Henry Abbey, author's edit., 1885 A7; 3d edit, enlarged, 1895; Phaeton, a supplemented Ovidian Myth, with three other stories in verse, 1901 Lll. Formerly flour and grain merchant. Mem. N. Y.

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

Shakespeare Soc, Nat. Sculpture Soc, and Author's Club. Address: 11 Linderman Av., Kingston, N. Y.

ABBOT; see also Abbott; also Abbatt.

ABBOT, Francis Ellingwood, author; b. Boston, Nov. 6, 1836; s. Joseph Hale and Fanny Ellingwood (Larcom) A. ; studied at public Latin school; grad. Harvard, 1859 (Ph. D. 1881); Meadville Theol. school, 1863; Unitarian clergyman, 1863-8; m. Aug. 3, 1859, Katharine Fearing Loring, Concord, Mass. (died Oct. 23, 1893) ; edited The Index, a weekly journal of free religion, Toronto, 1870-3, Boston, 1873-80. Teacher of classical school in New York, 1880-1; teacher of pri- vate Home for Boys, in Cambridge, Mass., fitting them for Harvard, 1881-92; retired since 1892. Author: Equal Rights in Re- ligion, Rep. Centennial Congress of Lib- erals, 1876; Scientific Theism, 1885 L6; The Way Out of Agnosticism, 1890 L6; Are- thusa Hall: A Memorial, 1892 XI. Edited: The Fairies' Festival, by John Witt Ran- dall, 1895 K2; Poems of Nature and Life, by same (with introduction on Randall family), 1899 El; also many philos. articles in periodicals. Address: 43 Larch St., Cam- bridge, Mass.

ABBOT, Henry Larcom, soldier, eng'r; b. Beverly, Mass., Aug. 13, 1831; ed. Boston Latin School, 1846-50; grad. West Point, 1854 (LL. D.', Harvard). Served in corps of eng'rs U. S. A., in all grades to col., in- clusive; retired 1895. Wounded at Bull Run, 1861; comd. siege art. of armies operating against Richmond, 1864-5; bvtd. maj.-gen. vols, and brig. -gen. U. S. A. Designed sys- tem of submarine mine defense adopted by U. S., also system of mortar batteries. Chmn. group of mil. judges at Centennial Exp'n, 1876, and of higher jury Atlanta Exp'n, 1895; pres. bd. consulting eng'rs of ship canal projected from Pittsburg to Lake Erie, 1896; designed new harbor at Mani- towoc, Wis., 1896; since May, 1897, mem. Tech. Com. New Panama Canal Co. Mem. Nat. Acad. Sciences, Am. Philos. Soc, and other scientific socs. Author: Siege Artil- lery in the Campaign Against Richmond; Experiments to Develop a System of Sub- marine Mines, and (with Gen. Humphreys) Physics and Hydraulics of the Mississippi; also various articles on professional sub- jects in Johnson's Encyclopaedia, Encyclo- paedia Britannica, The Forum and Atlantic Monthly. Address: 23 Berkeley St., Cam- bridge, Mass.

ABBOT, Willis John, editor, author; b. New Haven, Conn., March 16, 1863; s. Wal- do and Julia (Holmes) A., g. s. John S. C. Abbott, historian; grad. Univ. of Mich., 1884; mng. editor Chicago Times, 1892-3; writing editor New York Journal, 1896-8; Dem. ; m. 1887, Marie A. Mack, Ann Arbor, Mich. Chmn. Henry George campaign com., New York, 1898; mgr. Dem. Nat. Press Bu- reau, presidential campaign, 1900. Author: Blue Jackets of '76; Blue Jackets of 1812; Blue Jackets of 1861; Battle Fields and Camp Fires; Battle Fields of 1861; Battle Fields and Victory; Carter Henry Harrison'

A Memoir; Blue Jackets of 1898. Address:

Lotos Club, New York. ABBOTT; see also Abbot; also Abbatt. ABBOTT, Alexander Crever, M. D.,

prof, hygiene and director Laboratory of Hygiene, Univ. of Pa. ; director of Labora- tory of Bd. of Health, Phila. ; b. Baltimore, Feb. 26, 1860; ed. public schools and Balti- more City Coll. ; grad. med. dept. Univ. of Md. 1884, later graduate student Johns Hopkins and at univs. of Munich and Ber- lin; m. Aug. 30, 1892, Georgina Picton, d. Hon. Justice Osier of Court of Appeals of Ontario; Fellow Coll. Physicians of Phila.; mem. Assn. of Am. Physicians; Am. Med. Assn., and local med. socs.; Am. Philos. Soc, Am. Physiolog. Soc. Author: The Principles of Bacteriology, 1892, 1899 L12; The Hygiene of Transmissible Diseases, 1899 S15. Has written much in med. jour- Ontario; Fellow Coll. Physicians of Phila.; and serum therapy. Residence: 4229 Balti- more Av., Philadelphia.

ABBOTT, Arthur Vanghan, civil, mech and elect, eng'r, author; b. New York, 1854 .mem. Am. Inst. Mining Eng'rs since 1882 mem. Am. Inst. Elect. Eng'rs; chief eng'r Chicago Telephone Co. Author: Electrical Transmission of Energy; The Evolution of a Switchboard; History and Use of Testing Machines; Treatise on Fuel. Residence: Plaza Hotel, Chicago.

ABBOTT, Charles Conrad, author, nat- uralist; b. Trenton, N. J., June 4, 1843; s. Timothy and Susan (Conrad) A. ; academ- ical ed'n; M. D., Univ. of Pa., 1865; m. Feb. 13, 1867, Julia Boggs Olden, Princeton, N. J. Made large collection of archaeol. spec- imens, now in Peabody Museum, Cam- bridge, Mass., where he was asst., 1876-89. Author: The Stone Age in New Jersey, 1876 W8; Primitive Industry, 1881 01; A Natur- alist's Rambles About Home, 1884 D2; Up- land and Meadow, 1886 HI; Wasteland Wan- derings, 1887 H2; Days Out of Doors, 1889 A2; Outings at Odd Times, 1890 A2; Recent Rambles, 1892 L5; Travels In a Treetop, 1894 L5; The Birds About Us, 1894 L5; Notes of the Night, 1895 C2; A Colonial Wooing (novel), 1895 L5; Birdland Echoes, 1896 L5; When the Century Was New (novel), 1897 L5; The Hermit of Nottingham (novel), 1897 L5; The Freedom of the Fields, 1898 L5; Clear Skies and Cloudy, 1899 L5; In Nature's Realm, 1900 Lll. Has written sev- eral monographs and articles on archaeol. subjects. Address: Trenton, N. J.

ABBOTT, Edward, P. E. clergyman; b. Farmington, Me., July 15, 1841; 4th s. Jacob and Harriet (Vaughan) A. ; bro. Rev. Ly- man Abbott; grad. N. Y. Univ., 1860 (D. D., 1890) ; studied theology Andover Theol. Sem. ; 4 yrs. pastor Pilgrim Cong'l Ch., Cambridge. An editor The Congregation- alism 1869-78; editor Literary World, 1877-88, and since 1895. Ordained P. E. minister, 1879; ever since rector St. James' Ch., Cam- bridge; elected missionary bishop of Japan, 1889, declined. Author: The Baby's Things, a Story in Verse, 1871 R2; Conversations of Jesus, 1875 C6; A Paragraph History of the United States, 1875 R5; A Paragraph His- tory of the American Revolution, 1876 R5;

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

Revolutionary Times, 1876 R5; Long Look Series (juvenile), 1877-80; History of Cam- bridge (in Drake's History of Middlesex County, Vol. 1), 1880 E2; Memoirs of Jacob Abbott (memorial edition of The Young Christian), 1882 HI; Phillips Brooks, 1900 Lll. Has also published sundry occasional sermons and frequent contributions to mags, and weeklies. Address: 11 Dana St., Cambridge, Mass.

ABBOTT, Frank Dan ford, musical ed- itor; b. Bethel, Vt., Jan. 29, 1853; s. Luther Burnett and Marian Elizabeth (Soper) A. ; m. Cedar Rapids, la., 1878, Eva, d. John Sehugart. Ed. common schools, Owatonna, Minn.; grad. music and literature, Episco- pal Coll., Faribault, Minn.; began business as traveler for Geo. Woods & Co., Cam- bridgeport, Mass. ; corr. various musical journals, articles attracting widespread at- tention; founded The Presto (musical jour- nal), 1884, and during the World's Colum- bian Exp'n published daily edition paper on the grounds of the exp'n. Author nu- merous musical papers and monographs. Official author of Awards Souvenir of Mus- ical Interests of the Exposition. Hon. mem. various local and European musical and literary assns. Residence: 2446 Michigan Av. Office: 324 Dearborn St., Chicago.

ABBOTT, Frank Frost, prof. Latin, Univ. of Chicago, since 1891; b. Redding, Conn., March 27, 1860; .?. Thaddeus Marvin A.; grad. Yale, 1882 (Ph. D., 1891); m. 1888, Jane Harrison, New Haven, Conn. ; Clark and Larned scholarships, Yale, 1882-4; instr. Lat- in, Yale, 1885-91. Editor: Selected Letters of Cicero. Author: Repetition in Latin, 1900 U14. Address: Univ. of Chicago, Chi- cago.

ABBOTT, Jo, lawyer, ex-congressman; b. nr. Decatur, Ala., Jan. 15, 1840; served in C. S. army as 1st It. 12th Tex. cav. ; ad- mitted to Tex. bar; mem. Tex. legislature, 1869-71; judge 28th jud. dist. Tex., 1879-84; mem. Congress, 1887-97; Dem. Address: Hills- boro, Tex.

ABBOTT, Katherine G„ artist; 6. Zanes- ville, O., 1867; pupil H. Siddons Mowbray and Wm. M. Chase, New York; and Leon Merson, Jean Geffroy, and Delance, Paris. Bronze medal, Paris Expn, 1900. Address: 3 Place de la Sorbonne, Paris, France.

ABBOTT, Lyman, clergyman, author, ed- itor The Outlook; b. Roxbury, Mass., Dec. 18, 1835; 5. Jacob and Harriet (Vaughn) A.; Grad. Coll. City of New York, 1853 (D. D., also D. D., Harvard); m. Oct. 14, 1857, Miss Abby F. Hamlin, dau. Hannibal Hamlin, Boston; practiced law; ordained Cong'l min- ister, 1860; pastor Terre Haute, Ind., 1860-5; New England Ch., New York, 1865-9; sec. Am. Union Comm'n (Freedman's), 1865-8; resigned pastorate, 1869, to devote himself to literature. Edited "Literary Record" of Harper's Magazine; asso. editor The Chris- tian Union with Henry Ward Beecher, whom he succeeded as pastor of Plymouth Ch., Brooklyn, May, 1888; resigned, Nov. 1898. Author: Jesus of Nazareth, 01; Old Testament Shadows of New Testament Truth, 01; A Layman's Story, 01; How

to Study the Bible, Ol; Illustrated Com- • mentary on the New Testament, 1875 B5; Dictionary of Religious Knowledge (with late T. J. Conant), 1876 HI; A Study in Human Nature, 1885 M4; In Aid of Faith, 1891 D4; Life of Christ, 1894; Evolution of Christianity, 1896 H5; The Theology of An Evolutionist, 1897 H5; Chris- tianity and Social Problems, 1897 H5; Life and Letters of Paul, 1898 H5; The Life that Really Is, 1899; Problems of Life, 1900 D3. Address: The Outlook, New York. ABBOTT, Madeline Vaushan, see Bush- nell, Madeline Vaughan Abbott.

ABBOTT, Mary Perkins, author; b. Sa- lem, Mass., Oct. 17, 1857; d. Stephen Brad- shaw Ives, jr., long at head of Essex bar; grad. Salem High School, 1873; m. 1874, Charles Patterson Abbott, mcht. of Calcut- ta, E. I.; resided in India five years; has been book reviewer and spl. writer Chicago Evening Post and Chicago Times-Herald; contributor to various newspapers and mags. Author: Alexia (romance); The Bev- erleys (a story of Calcutta life). Address: Chicago.

ABBOTT, Rnssell Bigelow, founder and pres. (since 1884) Albert Lea Coll. ; b. Brookville, Ind., Aug. 8, 1823; s. Joseph Jackson and Mary (Osborn) A.; grad. Univ. of Ind., 1847 (A. M., 1850; D. D., Galesville Univ., 1884); m. 1st, 1847, Eliza Baugh; 2d, 1861, Sophronia Leech; 3d, 1881, Marietta Hunter; prin. public schools, Muncie and New Castle, Ind., and of Whitewater Presby'n Acad. ; ordained Presby'n minis- ter, 1857; pastor Brookville, Ind., 7 yrs. ; Knightstown, Ind., 2 yrs.; Albert Lea, Minn., 15 yrs.; Mod. Synod, Minn.; 5 times mem. Gen. Assembly. Author: Bible His- tory (2 vols.); History of Winona Presby- tery; also many addresses and sermons. Address: Albert Lea, Minn.

ABBOTT, Samuel Warren. M. D., sec. Mass. State Bd. of Health, since 1886; b. Woburn, Mass., June 12, 1837; grad Brown, 1858; Harvard Med. School, 1862; asst. sur- geon, U. S. N., 1861-4, resigned; asst. surgeon and surgeon 1st Mass. cav., 1864-5; coroner, Middlesex Co., Mass., 1872-7; med. examiner, same, 1877-84; practiced medicine at Woburn, 1865-9; later at Wakefield. Mem. Am. Med. Ass'n, Am. Public Health Ass'n, Am. Statist. Ass'n, Royal Statist. Soc. of Great Britain, Loyal Legion, U. S. ; asso. Societe Francaise d'Hygiene. Author of many papers and monographs on subjects relating to public health. Residence: Wake- field, Mass. Office: 142 State House, Boston.

ABBOTT, Wilbur C, asst. prof, history Dartmouth Coll., since 1899; b. Kokomo, Ind., Dec. 28, 1868; grad. Indianapolis High School, 1886; Wabash Coll. (A. B.), 1892; graduate student Cornell Univ., 1892-5; Ox- ford Univ. (England), 1895-7, (B. Litt.); also studied on continent. Fellow, 1892-3, instr., 1893-5, Cornell Univ.; Pres. White traveling fellow from Cornell, 1895-6; instr. history University of Mich., 1897-9. Address: Hanover, N. H.

ABEL, John J., prof, pharmacology, also in charge dept. of physiol. chemistry, Johns

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

Hopkins Univ. Med. School; b. Cleveland, O., May 19, 1857; s. George M. A.; grad. Cleveland High School, 1876; Univ. of Mich., Ph. B., 1883; Univ. of Strassburg, Germany, M. D., 1888; m. 1883, Mary W. Hinman. Mem. Am. Physiol. Soc, Am. Ass'n of Physicians, Am. Chem. Soc, etc. Asso. ed- itor Journal of Experimental Medicine, and of Archive Internationale de Pharmaco- dynamic et de Therapie. Author of sp'l researches on animal tissues and fluids. Address: Charles St. Av., Baltimore.

ABERCROMBIE, Daniel Webster, prin. Worcester Acad., Worcester, Mass.; b. Boil- ing Green, Macon Co., Ala., Nov. 25, 1853; .s. Milo Boiling and Sarah Carroll (Green- leaf) A.; prep, ed'n Cambridge, Mass. Lat- in School, 1868-72; grad. Harvard Univ. 1876; studied Harvard Law School, 1876-7 (Hon. A. M. Brown, 1883, LL. D., Colby, 1898); m. Cambridge, Mass., Dec. 23, 1878, Emily Foote Brainerd. Has been teaching since 1877; has made various trips abroad for study and travel; hon. representative U. S. Bureau of Ed'n, to examine edn'l system of Germany, especially in schools of secondary grade. Mem. Harvard Teachers' Ass'n, Headmasters' Ass'n, Mass. School Masters' Club. Has written various mag. and newspaper articles on edn'l matters. Address: 81 Providence St., Worcester, Mass.

ABERNETHY, Alonzo, educator; b. San- dusky Co., O., April 14, 1836; removed to Illyria, la., 1854; prep, ed'n Burlington Acad.; grad. Univ. of Chicago, 1866. Served in Civil war, 1861-5, private to col. 9th Iowa vols., participated in 40 battles; twice wounded; mem. Iowa Ho. of Reps., 1866; prin. Des Moines Bapt. Coll., 1870-1, since then on bd. trustees same; supt. public instruction, Iowa, 1871-6; pres. Univ. of Chicago, 1876; since 1881 prin. Cedar Valley Sem. Address: Osage, la.

ABERNETHY, William Ellis, lecturer; b. Rutherford Coll., N. C, May 28, 1860; s. Rev. R. L. A. (D. D.); grad. Rutherford Coll., 1878; read law with Col. Geo. N. Folk, Lenoir, N. C, 1880. Prof. Latin and Greek, 1881-99, pres. 1894-9, Rutherford Coll.; has published volume of lectures. Twice nom- inated for State senate by dominant party in his county, but declined, m. June 11, 1899, Bertha Thomas Winn, Roxton, Va. Address: Rutherford Coll., N. C.

ABERT, Silvanns Thayer, civil eng'r; b. Phila., July 22, 1828; ed. at Princeton; entered service U. S. Gov't in 1848 and was active in canal construction; on staff of Gens. Banks and Meade in Civil War; in river surveys for Columbian gov't, 1865-6; re-entered U. S. service, and in 1873 took charge of geog. div. from Washington to Wilmington, N. C. Has published various eng'ring reports. Address: Metropolitan Club, Washington.

ABERT, William Stone, lawyer; b. Washington, July 27, 1845; grad. Princeton. 1865 (A. M.); Cincinnati Law School, 1868; m. Oct. 5, 1875, Nannie S. Hamilton, at Louisville, Ky. Practiced at Cincinnati, 1868-77; since then before U. S. Supreme Court and local courts of D. C. Compiler "Laws of the District of Columbia" by

appmt. of Supreme Court of D. C. Residence: 1520 K St., N. W. Office: 408 5th St., N. W., Washington.

ABRAMS, Albert. M. D. ; b. San Fran- cisco, Dec. 8, 1863; 5. Marcus and Rachel A.; grad. Portland Univ., A. M., 1892; Univ. of Heidelberg, M. D., 1882; post grad. courses London, Berlin, Vienna and Paris. Fellow Royal Micros. Soc. ; pres. Alumni San Francisco Medico Chirurg. Soc, 1893; v.-p. Calif. Ass'n Cooper Med. Coll., 1888; State Med. Soc, 1894; prof. pathology Cooper Med. Coll., 1893-8; m., San Fran- cisco, Nov. 25, 1897, Jeanne Roth. Author: Synopsis of Morbid Renal Secretions, 1892 B15; Manual of Clinical Diagnosis, 1894; Consumption: Its Causes and Prevention, 1895 D10; Transactions of Antiseptic Club, 1896; Scattered Leaves of a Physician's Diary, 1900; Diseases of Heart, 1901; Ner- vous Breakdown, 1901; Hygiene in a Sys- tem of Physiologic Therapeutics, 1901 B8. Address: 1519 Van Ness Av., San Francisco.

ACHESON, Ernest P., congressman, ed- itor; b. Washington, Pa., Sept. 19, 1855; grad. Washington and Jefferson Coll., 1875; admitted to bar, 1877; in 1879 purchased the Washington Observer and has since been its editor; elected pres. Pa. Editorial Ass'n, Jan., 1893; recording sec. Nat. Editorial Ass'n, June, 1893; ten yrs. mem. Rep. State Com. ; delegate to Nat. Rep. Convs. 1884, 1896; mem. Congress since 1895 from 24th Pa. dist. ; present term expires 1903. Home: Washington, Pa.

ACHESOjV, Marens W\, U. S. circuit judge for 3d dist., since Feb. 9, 1891; b. Wash- ington, Pa. ; admitted to bar and practiced at Pittsburg, Pa.; U. S. dist. judge for Western dist. Pa., Jan. 14, 1880, until 1891. Residence: Pittsburg, Pa.

ACKER, George IV., physician; grad. med. dept. Columbian Univ., 1874; clinical prof, of medicine and diseases of children, Co- lumbian Univ. ; mem. Med. Ass'n, D. C. ; Med. Soc. of D. C. ; Gyn. and Obst. Soc. of D. C. ; Am. Med. Ass'n; Am. Pediatric Soc. ; Am. Micros. Soc. ; Washington Acad. Sciences; Anthropol. Soc. Address: 913 16th St., Washington.

ADAMS; see also Addams.

ADAMS, Alva, ex-gov. Colo. ; mcht. ; b. Iowa Co., Wis., May 14, 1850; ed. common schools; went to Colo, and became hard- ware mcht. ; mem. 1st Colo, legislature, 1876; gov. Colo. 1887-9 and 1897-9; Dem. Address: Pueblo, Colo.

ADAMS, Brooks, author; b. Quincy, Mass., June 24, 1848; s. Late Charles Francis Ad- ams, statesman ; ed. at a variety of schools, at home, in Washington and abroad, fol- lowing his father's changes of residence; grad. Harvard, 1870; studied in Harvard Law School 1 yr. ; went as sec. to his father to Geneva, where latter was arbitrator upon the Alabama claims under "Treaty of Washington." Admitted to bar; practiced law until 1881. Since then retired, devot- ing his attention chiefly to literary occupa- tions. Author: The Emancipation of Mas- sachusetts: The Law of Civilization and Decay, SU; America's Economic Supre-

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

mac; many articles in mags., etc. Residence: Quincy, Mass. Office: 23 Court St., Boston.

ADAMS, Charles Darwin, prof. Greek, Dartmouth Coll., since 1893; b. Keene, N. H., Oct. 21, 1856; grad. Dartmouth Coll., 1877; studied Andover Theol. Sem. 1879-81 (Ph. D., Kiel, 1891); instr. Greek, Cushing Acad., 1881-4; prof. Greek, Drury Coll., 1884-93. Address: Hanover, N. H.

ADAMS, Charles Follen, author; b. Dor- chester, Mass., April 21, 1842; ed. common school. Was in 13th Mass. inf. in Civil War, wounded and taken prisoner at Gettys- burg. In 1872 began contributing to period- icals humorous poems in German dialect. Author: Leedle Yawcob Strauss, and Other Poems; Dialect Ballads, etc. Address: 59 Waverly St., Roxbury, Boston.

ADAMS, Charles Francis, hist, writer; b. Boston, May 27, 1833; s. Diplomat of same name; grad. Harvard, 1856 (LL. D., 1895); admitted to bar, 1858; in Union army through Civil War; bvt. brig.-gen., U. S. A., May, 1865. Became identified with ry. interests; apptd. mem. bd. of ry. comm'rs of Mass., 1869; pres. Union Pacific Ry., 1884; pres. Mass. Hist. Soc, 1895. Author: Chapters on Erie and Other Essays; Rail- roads, their Origin and Problems; Notes on Railway Accidents; Massachusetts, Its Historians and Its History; Three Episodes of Massachusetts History; Life of Charles Francis Adams; Richard Henry Dana, a Biography; A College Fetich, etc. Address: 23 Court St., Boston.

ADAMS, Charles Josiah, P. E. clergy- man, author, lecturer; b. New Lisbon, O., Oct. 31, 1850; J. Rev. Josiah and Sarah Ann (Ford) A.; grad. Mt. Union Coll., O., 1871; studied at Yale, 1873; Boston Univ., 1874; »!. March 22, 1876, Jennie E. Hollo- way; ordained to ministry, 1875; canon St. John's Cathedral, Denver, Colo.. 1882-5; dean of Wichita, Kan., 1885-8; rector St. Luke's, Chicago, 1888-91; Ch. of the Holy Spirit, Roundout-on-Hudson, 1891-6; since 1896 rector St. Luke's Ch., Rossville, N. Y. Organizer, mgr. and lecturer for the Church Thinking Bureau, and the Bureau of Bi- ophilism, or Animal Psychology. Editor dept. of biophilism in The Dog Fancier, Battle Creek, Mich.; writer on animal psychology for the New York Sunday World. Author: Where Is My Dog? or Is Man Alone Immortal? 1892; The Matterhorn Head, and Other Poems, 1899; Does Man Alone Reason? 1901. Residence: Rossville, N. Y. Office: 29 Lafayette PI., New York.

ADAMS, Charles Kendall, pres. of Univ. of Wis., since 1892; b. Derby, Vt., Jan. 24, 1835; grad. Univ. of Mich. (A. M. ; LL. D.); studied in Germany, France. Italy. Asst. prof. hist, and Latin, 1863-7; prof, hist., Univ. of Mich., 1867-85; pres. Cornell Univ., 1885-92. Author: Democracy and Monarchy in France; Manual of Historical Literature; British Orations; Christopher Columbus, His Life and Work; also many papers in reviews. Editor-in-chief Johnson's Univer- sal Cyclopedia, 1892-95, now the Universal Cyclopedia A2. Address: Madison, Wis..

ADAMS, Cyrns Cornelius, an editor on staff New York Sun since 1884; b. Naper-

ville, 111., Jan. 7, 1849; s. Cyrus A.; grad. Univ. of Chicago, 1876; writer and lecturer on geog. topics; first pres., dept. of geog- raphy, Brooklyn Inst, of Arts and Sciences; made its geog. collection, 1889-90, compris- ing 2,500 items illustrating appliances for geog. ed'n, used in 10 countries; m. Aug. 17, 1877, Mrs. Blanche C. Dodge. Author: Commercial Geography for High Schools, 1901 A2. Has been extensive contributor to mags, on subject of commercial geography and development of newer parts of the world, notably: The Farthest North, Mc- Clure's Mag., Dec, 1876; Tropical Africa As a Factor in Civilization (paper before Chica- go Congress on Africa, 1893); Our Day, Jan., 1894, Mr. Peary's Arctic Work, with maps, The Geographical Journal, London, Oct., 1893. Residence: 51 Quincy St., Brooklyn; also Jewett, N. Y. Office: The Sun, New York.

ADAMS, Edward Dean, financier; b. Boston, April 9, 1846; grad. (B. S.) Nor- wich Univ., Northfield, Vt., 1864; traveled 2 yrs. in Europe; bookkeeper and cashier, 1866-70, mem., 1870-8, of banking firm of Richardson, Hill & Co., Boston; 1878-93, of Winslow, Lanier & Co., New York. Identi- fied with organization of numerous ry. com- panies, and reorganization, in 1890, of Am. Cotton Oil Trust into the Am. Cotton Oil Co., in which he was chmn. bd. of direc- tors and pres. of its most important allied organizations; pres. The Cataract Construc- tion Co., Niagara Falls; reorganized North- ern Pacific Ry. system in 1896, and became chmn. bd. of directors; director in large corporations. Residence: 455 Madison Av. Office: 15 Broad St., New York.

ADAMS, Elmer Brags, U. S. judge, east- ern dist. Mo., since 1896; b. Pomfret, Vt. Oct. 27, 1842; grad. Yale, 1865. Went to Ga. under auspices Am. Union Comm'n and inaugurated system of free schools for white children at Atlanta and Milledgeville; re- turned to Vt., 1866; studied law there and at Harvard Law School; admitted Vt. bar, 1868; settled in practice, 1868, St. Louis, Mo. ; judge circuit court, St. Louis, 1878-84, declined re-election and resumed practice. Is sp'l lecturer on • succession and wills, Univ. of Mo. (LL. D.). Address: St. Louis.

ADAMS, Francis Alexandre, journalist, author; b. New York, May 11, 1874; s. John Quincy A.; grad. New York public schools, 1891; Coll. City of New York, 1896; New York Univ., 1898; unmarried. Editor: Gotham Monthly Mag., 1890; Adams' Mag., 1891-5; Printer's Ink, 1896. United States vol- unteer Spanish Am. War, 1898; Democrat. Author: Who Rules America? Truths About Trusts, 1900 15; The Philippine Question, 1900 15; The Transgressors (political novel), 1900 15. Residence: 1615 Norris St. Office: 14 S. 4th St., Philadelphia.

ADAMS, George Burton, Drof. history, Yale; b. Vt., 1851. Author: Civilization Dur- ing the Middle Ages, S3; The Growth of the French Nation, Ml; European History, Ml. Address: 57 Edgehill Rd., New Haven, Conn.

ADAMS, George Everett, lawyer; b. Keene, N. H., June, 1840; removed to Chi- cago, 1S53; grad. Harvard, 1860; also grad. Dane Law School, Harvard; admitted to

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

bar, 1865; began practice in Chicago, 1867; niein. 111. senate, 1881; resigned, 1883; mem. congress, 1883-91; Rep.; m. 1871, Adele Fos- ter. Residence: 530 Belden Av. Office: 914 The Temple, Chicago.

ADAMS, Henry, author; b. Boston, Feb. 16, 1838; 3d i. late Charles Francis Adams; grad. Harvard, 1858; private sec. to his father, who was Am. Minister at London, 1861-8; asst. prof, history Harvard, 1870-7; editor North American Review, 1870-6. Author: Esays in Anglo-Saxon Law; His- torical Essays; Life of Albert Gallatin; John Randolph; Documents Relating to New England Federalism; History of United States (9 vols.); etc. Address: 1603 H St. N. W., Washington.

ADAMS, Henry Carter, prof, political economy and finance Univ. of Mich., since 1887; b. Davenport, la., 1851; 5. Ephraim and Elizabeth S. A. (Douglass) A.; grad. Iowa Coll., 1874 (Ph. D., Johns Hopkins, 1878; LL. D., Iowa Coll., 1898); lecturer in Cornell and Univ. of Mich., 1880-7, also in Johns Hopkins, 1880-2; director div. trans- portation, 11th census; statistician Inter- state Commerce Comm'n since 1887; pres. Am. Econ. Ass'n, 1895-7; m. 1890, Bertha H. Wright, of Port Huron, Mich. Author: Oultine of Lectures on Political Economy, 1881, 1886 XI; State in Relation to Industrial Action, 1887 A6; Taxation in the United States, 1787 to 1816, 1884 Tl; Public Debts, 1887 A2; The Science of Finance, 1888 H4; Statistics of Railways, 1888, 1900 W8; Eco- nomics and Jurisprudence, 1897 A6. Address: Ann Arbor, Mich.

ADAMS, Herbert, sculptor; b. West Con- cord, Vt., 1858; 5. Samuel M. and Nancy (Powers) A.; ed. common schools, Fitch- burg, Mass. ; Worcester, Mass. ; Mass. Inst. Technology; Mass. Normal Art School and Paris; pupil of Mercie; m. Auburndale, Mass., 1889, Adeline Valentine Pond; mem. Nat. Acad. Design; Soc. Am. Artists; Nat. Sculpture Soc. ; Architectural League. Address: 42 W. 15th St., New York.

ADAMS, Herbert Baxter, prof, history Johns Hopkins Univ.; b. at Shutesbury, Mass., April 16, 1850; grad. Amherst, 1872; Ph. D., Heidelberg Univ., 1876 (LL. D., Univ. Ala., 1891); fellow in history, 1876-8, and since then successively asso., asso. prof., and prof, history, Johns Hopkins Univ.; lecturer Smith Coll., Mass., 1878-81; sec. Am. Hist. Ass'n; editor its reports since 1884; trustee Amherst Coll. and of Boys' Country School (Baltimore). Since 1887 editor "Contributions to American Educational History" for the U. S. Bureau of Ed'n; editor "Johns Hopkins Univ. Studies in Historical and Political Science," now embracing 19 series, with many extra volumes. Author: Life and Writings of Jared Sparks; also numerous edn'l and hist, monographs. Address: Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore. ADAMS, James Barton, poet, paragraph- er Denver Evening Post since Nov., 1896; b. Jefferson Co., O., April 17, 1843; 5. John B. and Sarah A.; ed. Richmond, O., and Mt. Pleasant, la.; enlisted May, 1861, 6th Iowa inf.; served until close of war; served

in Indian wars, 1873-7, in Western Neb., Kan. and Wyo., as scout and officer of In- dians enlisted as scouts; m. Colorado Springs, Colo., June 28, 1898, Lydia Louise Troub; Democrat. Author: Breezy Western Verse, Denver, 1898. His poems printed in Denver Post, especially those treating of frontier life and customs in western dia- lect and cowboy vernacular, are widely re- produced by the press. He has also con- tributed short western stories and poems to various publications. Residence: Caribou St. and E. 18th Av. Business address, The Post, Denver, Colo. ADAMS, James Forster Alleyne, phy- sician; b. Boston, March 20, 1844; s. Will- iam Joseph and Deborah Forster (Chicker- ing) A.; ed. Dedham, Mass., High School, and Lawrence Scientific School, Harvard; grad. Harvard Med. School, 1866; med. ca- det U. S. A., 1862-3; acting asst. surgeon U. S. N., 1864-5; served in Washington (Judiciary Square Hosp.), and in East Gulf Blockading Squadron; m. Washington, Oct. 20, 1870, Annah E. N. Bailey. Prac- ticing physician since 1866; med. director Berkshire Life Ins. Co. ; mem. Am. Med. Assn., Mass. Med. Soc, Assn. Am. Physi- cians, Loyal Legion, Sons of Am. Revolu- tion, G. A. R. Wrote: Health of the Farm- ers of Mass., Report of Mass. State Bd. of Health 1874; Cremation and Burial, same, 1875; Intermittent Fever in Mass., same, 1881; Sanitary Forest Culture, Proc. Mass. Med. Soc, 1884; The Prevention of Dis- eases in Mass., Shattuck Lecture, 1892, Mass. Med. Soc. Address: 114 Wendell av., Pittsfield, Mass.

ADAMS, John Coleman, Universalist clergyman; b. Maiden, Mass., Oct. 25, 1849; grad. Tufts Coll., 1870 (B. D. ; A. M., for work done; D. D.) Pastorates: Lynn, Chi- cago, Brooklyn; mem. Authors Club; trus- tee Tufts Coll. and of Universalist gen. convention. Author: The Leisure of God; Christian Types of Heroism; The Father- hood of God; Nature Studies in Berkshire. Address: 101 Wilson St., Brooklyn.

ADAMS, John William, prof, veterinary surgery and obstetrics Univ. Pa. Frequent contributor to mags, on veterinary surgery. Address: 25 S. 34th St., Philadelphia.

ADAMS, Mary Mathews, author; b. (Mathews), Ireland, Oct. 23, 1840; came to U. S. in childhood; ed. Packer Inst., Brook- lyn; m., Charles Kendall Adams. For 10 yrs. was engaged in edn'l work; has since devoted considerable attention to literature, writing lyrical verse, etc. Author: The Choir Visible (poems); also wrote: The Epithalamium, and other poems. Address: Madison, Wis.

ADAMS, Maude, actress; b. (Kiskadden) Salt Lake City, Nov. 11, 1872; her mother (stage-name "Adams") was leading woman of stock co. there. Appeared on stage in child's parts; went to school; joined E. H. Sothern Co., New York, at 16; ingenue role in the "Midnight Bell;" afterward in Charles Frohman's stock company; later supported John Drew; pronounced success in "Little Minister," 1897-8; started in that play, 1898-9; also in L'Aiglon, 1900-1. Address: 61 W. 36th St., New York.

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

ADAMS, Milward, mgr. Chicago Auditori- um Theatre; b. Lexington, Ky., Jan. 6, 1857; s. late Samuel L. Adams, M. D. (surgeon U. S. army in Civil war) ; lived at Lebanon, O., 1861-5; Danville, Ind., 1865-9; employe Wilson Bros., Chicago, 1871; mgr. Central Music Hall, Chicago, for George B. Car- penter, 1879-81 ; mgr. of same for himself, 1881-7; since then mgr. of the Chicago Au- ditorium. Address: Auditorium Theatre, Chicago.

ADAMS, Oscar Fay, author, lecturer upon literature and architecture; b. Worcester, Mass. ; ed. in public and private schools, Leicester Acad., Mass.; grad. N. J. State Normal School. Unmarried. Author: Hand- Book of English Authors, 01; Hand-Book of American Authors, 01; Through the Year with the Poets (12 vols, edited) ; Post-Lau- reate Idyls; Chapters from Jane Austen (ed- ited); Morris's "Atalanta's Race," with Notes (edited); Dear Old Story Tellers; The Poet's Year (edited) ; The Story of Jane Austen's Life; The Presumption of Sex; ^Dictionary of American Authors; The Arch- bishop's Unguarded Moment, and Other Sto- ries. American editor of The Henry Irving Shakespeare. Address: GO Pinckney St., Boston.

ADAMS, Robert. Jr., congressman; b. Phila., Feb. 26, 1849; grad. Univ of Pa.. 1869; studied and practiced law 5 yrs. ; mem. U. S. Geol. Survey, 1871-5, on explorations of Yellowstone Park; mem. State senate, 1883-7; grad., 1884, Wharton School of Econ- omy and Finance, Univ. of Pa.; U. S. min- ister to Brazil, 1889-90. Mem. Congress, 1893-1903, 2d Pa. dist. ; as acting chmn. For- eign Affairs com., 55th Congress, reported and passed Cuban resolutions and declara- tion of war against Spain; Republican. Home: Philadelphia.

ADAMS, Robert Newton, Presbyterian clergyman; b. Fayette Co., 0., Sept. 15, 1835; i. Albert and Nancy A.; grad. Miami Univ., 1861 (D. D., 1890); m. Athens, O., Dec. 27, 1867, Nellie W. Whipple (died Oct. 10, 1900). Entered army April, 1861, in a co. of students as private and served 3 months; reenlisted for 3 yrs. Aug. 30, 1861, in Co. C, 81st Ohio Vol. inf.; elected capt. ; afterward became It. col. and col. same regt. ; at close of war in command 2d bri- gade and 4th div., 15th army corps, and in March, 1865, was apptd. bvt. brig. -gen. ; ordained Presby'n minister 1870. Address: 620% Nicollet Av., Minneapolis.

ADAMS, Samuel Shusert, M. D. ; b. Washington, July 12, 1853; grad. W. Va. Univ. 1875 (A. M., 1878); M. D., Georgetown Univ., 1879. Prof, theory and practice of medicine and diseases of children, George- town Univ.; attending physician Children's Hosp., Washington Hosp. for Foundlings, Georgetown Univ. Hosp. Sec. Am. Ped- iatric Soc. Address: 1 Dupont Circle, N. W., Washington.

ADAMS, Suzanne, operatic singer; b. Cambridge, Mass., 1873; d. John Gedney A.; musical ed'n, Paris; operatic debut as Ju- liet in Romeo and Juliet, in Paris, 1894, with the Maurice Grau Opera Co. ; at Covent Garden, London, 1898 and 1901; Auditorium,

Chicago, Nov., 1898; has appeared in lead- ing operatic roles; is engaged for Am. sea- son 1902; sang at State concerts, Bucking- ham Palace and Windsor Castle and was presented by Queen Victoria with valuable brooches and bracelets as souvenirs; m. Oct. 1898, Leo. Stern, violoncellist. Address: Care Maurice Grau, New York; or care N. Vert, 6 Cork St., London, Eng.

ADAMS, "William A., physician, surgeon; b. Hancock Co., Ga., Sept. 10, 1853; 5. Thom- as J. A. ; prep, ed'n Washington Inst. ; grad. Mercer Univ. (A. M., LL. D.); grad. med. dept. Univ. of Ga. ; m. 1876, Carrie Eaton. Surgeon of 6 railroads; prof, theory and practice of medicine, med. dept., Fort Worth Univ.; Gold Democrat. Residence: 602 Lamar St. Office: 514 Main St., Fort Worth, Tex.

ADAMS, William Forbes, P. E. bishop; b. Ireland, Jan. 2, 1833; came to U. S.( 1841; academic ed'n (D. C. L., Univ. of South); deacon, 1859; priest, 1860; rector St. Paul's Ch., Woodville, Mass.; St. Peter's, New Orleans, 1866; St. Paul's, New Orleans, 1867-75; consecrated bishop of N. Mex. and Ariz., .1875; resigned because of failing health; rector Holy Trinity Ch., Vicksburg, Miss., 1876-87; bishop of Easton since 1887. Address: Easton, Md.

ADAMSON, Penrhyn Stanley ("Penrhyn Stanlaw"), illustrator; b. Dundee, Scotland, March 19, 1877; .y. James A., mcht. ; prep, ed'n West End Acad., Dundee, Scotland; grad. Princeton, 1901; unmarried. First came to U. S., 1892; on Chicago Record, 1892-4; went to London, England, 1894; sub- editor on "To-Day," 1894-6, under Jerome K. Jerome; returned to U. S. July 4, 1896; drawing for Life, Judge, Scribner's, Har- per's, etc. ; entered Princeton Univ. as ju- nior, 1899. Author: College Girls. Address: Judge, 110 5th Av., New York.

ADAMSON, William Charles, congress- man 4th Ga. dist., 1897-1903; b. Bowdon, Ga., Aug. 13, 1854; grad. Bowdon Coll., 1874 (A. M.); studied law; admitted to bar, Oct., 1876; has since practiced law at Carrollton, Ga. ; judge city court, Carrollton, 1885-9; atty. for city several yrs. ; presidential elec- tor, 1892; Democrat; m. Jan. 29, 1885, Minna Reese, Carrollton, Ga. Home: Carrollton, Ga.

ADDAMS, Jane (Miss), head resident of Hull House; b. Cedarville, 111., Sept. 6, 1860; d. Hon. John H. A.; grad. Rockford Coll., 1881; spent 2 yrs. in Europe, 1883-5; studied in Phila., 1888; in 1889 opened, with Miss Ellen Gates Starr, Social Settlement of Hull House; has been insp. of streets and alleys in neighborhood of Hull House; writ- er and lecturer on social settlement work, and social and political reforms. Address: 335 S. Halsted St., Chicago.

ADDICKS, George D.. pres. Central Wes- leyan Coll., Mo., since June, 1890; b. Hamp- ton, 111., Sept. 9, 1854; 5. Gerhard and Mary (Franke) A.; grad. Central Wesleyan Coll., Mo., 1875; ordained to M. E. ministry, and after some pastoral work became pres. of his alma mater. Address: Warrenton, Mo.

ADDICKS, John Edward, capitalist; b. Phila., Nov. 21, 1841; became interested in

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

building of gas plants and later in gas cos. ; organized, 1884, and became pres. Bay State Gas Co., Boston; bought majority interest and became pres., 1892, Brooklyn (N. Y.) Gas Co.; also at head of other cos. in Brooklyn and in "Wilmington, Del.; receiv- ed largest vote for U. S. senator from Del. in legislature, 1899, but failed of election; also candidate for U. S. senator, 1901. Address: Wilmington, Del. New York Address: 66 Broadway.

ADDISON, Daniel Dulany, clergyman, author; b. Wheeling, W. Va., March 11, 1863; 5. Thomas Grafton and Marie E. A.; grad. Union Coll., 1883, and E. Theol. School, Cambridge, Mass. (B. D.); m. Feb. 20, 1889, Julia de Wolf Gibbs. Asst. Christ Ch., Springfield, Mass., 1886-9; rector St. Peter's Ch., Beverly, Mass., 1889-95; All Saints' Ch., Brookline, Mass., since 1S95; pres. Beverly Hosp., 1892-95. Author: Lucy Larcorn, Life, Letters and Diary, 1894 H5; Phillips Brooks, 1894 Lll; Life and Times of Edward Bass, First Bishop of Massachu- setts, 1897 H5; All Saints' Church, Brook- line, 1896 U15; The Clergy in American Life and Letters, 1900 Ml. Address: All Saints' Church, Brookline, Mass.'

ADE, George, journalist, author; b. Kent- land, Ind., Feb. 9, 1866; grad. Purdue Univ., 1887; in newspaper work in Lafayette, Ind., 1887-90; since 1890 on Chicago Record. Author: Artie; Pink Marsh; Doc Home; Fables in Slang; More Fables, etc. (all SI). Address: Chicago Athletic Club, Chicago.

ADEE, Alvey Augustus, second asst. sec. of State of the U. S. since Aug. 3, 1886: b. Astoria, N. Y., Nov. 27, 1842; .?. Augustus A. A., fleet surgeon U. S. N. ; private ed'n (M. A., Yale); apptd. sec. of legation at Madrid, Sept. 9, 1870; charge d'affaires at different times. Transferred from Madrid and apptd. clerk "Class IV," July 9, 1877; chief of Diplomatic Bureau, June 11, 1878; third asst. sec. of State, July 18, 1882; sec- ond asst. sec. of State, Aug. 3, 1886. Was present at signing of Peace Protocols be- tween U. S. and Spain. Apptd. sec. of State ad interim to fill vacancy, Sept. 17 to Sept. 29, 1898; acting sec. of State during a criti- cal period of the Chinese troubles in Aug. and Sept., 1900. Residence: 1019 15th St. N. W. Official Address: Dept. of State, Wash- ington.

"ADELER, Max"; see Clark, Charles He- ber.

ADELSBERGER, Louis, M. D., ex-pres., now mem. 111. State Bd. of Health, present term expires 1903; b. Waterloo, 111., Feb. 17, 1862; grad. Waterloo High School, 1880; St. Louis Med. Coll., 1884; in practice ever since; m. July 3, 1894, Louise M. Pinkel. Address: Waterloo, 111.

ADKUVSON, L. G., D. D., pres. New Or- leans Univ. Address: 5318 St. Charles Av., New Orleans.

ADLER, Cyrus, librarian, archaeologist; b. Van Buren, Ark., Sept. 13, 1863; grad. Univ. of Pa., 1883 (A. M., 1886); Ph. D., Johns Hopkins, 1887: consecutively fellow, instr. and asso. Semitic languages, Johns Hop-

kins; librarian Smithsonian Inst'n since 1892; hon. asst. curator of historic archaeol- ogy and custodian of historic religions, U. S. Nat. Museum. Was sp'l comm'r of World's Columbian Exp'n to Turkey, Egypt, Tunis, Algiers, Morocco; delegate of U. S. Gov't to conf. on an internat. catalogue of scientific literature, 1898; v. -p. Philos. Soc, Wash- ington; pres. Am. Jewish Hist. Soc; mem. many learned socs. ; has written many ar- ticles on Semitic philology, Assyriology, Oriental archaeology, comparative religion, bibliography, etc. One of editors of the Jewish Encyclopedia. Unmarried. Author: Told in the Coffee House: a Book of Turk- ish Tales (with Allan Ramsay). Address: 1706 S St., Washington.

ADLER, Felix, educator, lecturer; b. Al- zey, Germany, Aug. 13, 1851; s. of Hebrew rabbi; grad. Columbia, 1870; studied at Ber- lin (Ph. D.); prof. Hebrew and Oriental literature Cornell, 1874-6; established, 1876, New York Soc. for Ethical Culture, to which he gives regular Sunday discourse*. Mem. editorial bd. International Journal of Ethics. Author: Creed and Deed; The Moral Instruction of Children, etc. Address: 123 E. 60th St., New York.

AGAR, John Girand, lawyer; b. New Or- leans, June 3, 1856; grad. Georgetown, D. C, Univ., 1876 (M. A., 1888; Ph. D., 1889); studied 2 yrs. in Roman Catholic Univ., Kensington, London; grad. Columbia Law School, 1880; asst. U. S. atty. Southern dist. N. Y., 1881-2; chm'n campaign com. People's Municipal League, 1891; It.-comdr. and paymaster and judge advocate on staff of capt. naval militia, N. Y., 1897-8; mem. bd. of ed'n, New York city, 1896-8; m. Feb. 18, 1892, Agnes Louise Macdonough. Resi- dence: 9 W. 48th St. Office: 31 Nassau St., New York.

AGASSIZ, Alexander, naturalist; b. Neu- chatel, Switzerland, Dec. 17, 1835; j. late J. L. R. Agassiz; to U. S., 1849; grad. Har- vard, 1855; Lawrence Scientific School, B. S., 1857; on coast survey of Calif., 1859; asst. in zoology, Harvard, 1860-5; developed and was supt., 1865-9, Calumet & Hecla cop- per mines, Lake Superior; curator Natural History Museum, Cambridge, Mass., 1874-85; since engaged in zool. investigation. Author: Explorations of Lake Titacaca; List of the Echinoderms; Three Cruises of the Blake, etc. Address: Cambridge, Mass.

AGASSIZ, Elizabeth Cabot, naturalist; b. Boston; d. Thomas Greaves Cary; m. late Prof. Louis Agassiz; accompanied her hus- band to Brazil, 1865-6; and on Hassler ex- pd'n, 1871-2; was associated with him in many of his studies and writings; has tak- en active part in promoting the welfare of Radcliffe Coll., formerly the Harvard "An- nex." Author: Seaside Studies in Natural History (with her son, Alexander Agassiz, q. v.); Life of Louis Agassiz. Address: Quincy St., Cambridge, Mass.

AGJfEW, Benjamin Lasliells, D. D.,

clergyman; b. Apollo, Armstrong Co., Pa., Oct. 2, 1833; .?. Smith and Maria Mayes A.; grad. Washington Coll., 1854, and Western

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

Theol. Seni., 1857; m. New Castle, Pa., 1857, Anna Cochran. Licensed by the Presby- tery of Allegheny, April 8, 1850; ordained and installed pastor of the Presby'n Ch. at Johnstown, Feb. 18, 1858; chaplain 76th regt. Pa. vols., 1861-2; resigned charge at Johns- town, 1867; pastor Westminster Ch., Phila., 1868-70; North Ch., Phila., 1870-82; E. Liber- ty. Pittsburg, Pa., Ch., 1882-4; Bethlehem Ch., Phila., 1884-96. Stated clerk of the Pres- bytery of Phila. Central, 1871-80. Mem. bd. of domestic missions; director and trustee Western Theol. Sem. ; trustee Pa. Female Coll.; v.-p. Bd. of Pub.; pres. bd. of ed'n; moderator Synod of Phila. ; vice-moderator General Assembly; cor. sec. Presby'n bd. of relief since Jan. 1, 1897. Residence: 3600 Chestnut St. Office: Witherspoon Bldg., Philadelphia.

AGNEW, Daniel, jurist; b. Trenton, N. J., Jan. 5, 1809; Irish and Welsh descent; m. 1831, Elizabeth Moore; grad. Western Univ. of Pa., and studied law with Henry Baldwin and W. W. Hetterman. Admitted to bar, 1829, and practiced law at Pitts- burgh, subsequently removing to Beaver, Pa.; mem. constitutional conv. of Pa., 1837- 38; president judge 7th jud. dist. Pa., 1851- 63; justice Supreme Court Pa., 1863-79, and chief justice, 1874-9. (LL. D., Washington and Dickinson Colls.). Address: Beaver, Pa.

AGNUS, Felix, editor and publisher Balti- more American; b. Lyons, France, July 4, 1839; ed. Col). Jolie Clair, nr. Paris; 1852-6, traveled around the world. Came to U. S., 1860; enlisted, 1861, in Duryea's 5th N. Y. Zouaves; saved the life of Gen. Judson Kil- patrick at Big Bethel; promoted 2d It.; aided in raising 165th N. Y. vols., becom- ing capt. ; took part in siege of Port Hud- son, La., 1862; promoted maj.; served in Tex., becoming It. -col. Later served in 19th corps, under Sheridan, and in Dept. of the South; bvt. brig.-gen- vols., March 13, 1865; mustered out Aug. 22, 1865. Soon after be- came business mgr., and later editor and publisher, Baltimore American. Prominent in Republican politics. Address: Baltimore.

AHRENS, Mary A., lawyer; b. Stafford- shire, England, Dec. 29, 1836; d. William H. Jones; came to U. S. and settled in 111., 1854; studied at Galesburg Acad.; m. 1st, 1857; then studied medicine and earned her diploma; m. 2d, 1886, Louis Ahrens, artist; grad. Union Coll. of Law, Chicago, 1889. Opened the first relief sta. for starving men, 1893-4, and was instrumental in feeding and lodging thousands of homeless people. Pro- motor and founder of the Mary A. Ahrens Mission, a home for destitute women; v.-p. Protective Agency for Women and Children; a suffrage advocate for years; chmn. Wo- man's School Suffrage Ass'n of Cook Co., which secured for women the right to vote in school elections in 111.; v.-p. 111. Women's Press Ass'n. Residence: 3800 Elmwood PI. Office: 97 Clark St., Chicago.

AIKEN, William Martin, architect; b. Charleston, S. C, April 1, 1855; j. Joseph Daniel and Ellen Daniel (Martin) A.; at- tended Univ. of the South, 1872-4; taught in

same, 1874; taught in high school, Charles- ton, 1874-6; sp'l course in architecture, Mass. Inst. Technology, 1877-9; employed in office of H. H. Richardson, 1880-83 and W. R. Emerson, 1883-5, Boston; in office James W. McLaughlin, Cincinnati, 1885-6; prac- ticed architecture, Cincinnati, 1886-95; taught in Cincinnati Art Acad., 1894-5; su- pervising architect U. S. Treasury Dept., 1895-7; since 1897 in practice, New York, with Bruce Price; taught in Columbia Coll., 1899. While supervising architect was con- cerned in designing and erection of Gov't exp'n bldgs. Atlanta (1895), Nashville (1897), and Omaha (1898) ; mint bldgs. at Phila. and Denver, and numerous post-office and cus- tom-house bldgs. Unmarried. Residence: 30 West 39th St. Office: St. James Bldg., 26th St. and Broadway, New York.

AIKENS, Andrew Jackson, journalist; b. Barnard, Vt., Oct. 31, 1830; J. Warren and Lydia A. ; m. 1854, Amanda L. Barnes. Became, 1856, city editor of Evening Wiscon- sin, Milwaukee, of which he is now one of propr's and general mgr; in 1864 the firm of Cramer, Aikens & Cramer began print- ing "patent insides" for country newspa- pers, being the pioneers in that business. Address: Milwaukee. Wis.

AIKINS, Herbert Austin, prof, philos- ophy Coll. for Women, Western Reserve Univ. since 1893; b. Toronto, Ont., March 1, 1867; grad. Univ. Toronto, 1887 (Ph. D., Yale, 1891); instr. Univ. Southern Calif., 1888; Yale, 1888-91; lecturer on history of philosophy, Yale, 1890-1; prof, logic and philosophy, Trinity Coll., N. C, 1891-3; hon. fellow Clark Univ., 1892-3. Edited The Philosophy of Hume. Author of pa- pers on psychol. and philos. subjects. Address: 40 Cornell St., Cleveland, O.

AIKMAJf, Walter M., artist; b. New York, 1857; studied engraving under Frank French and J. G. Smithwick and draw- ing and painting abroad. Medal for en- graving at Universal Exposition, Paris, 1889, and at World's Columbian Exposition, 1893. Exhibited at Paris, 1900. Address: 133 Ma- con St., Brooklyn.

AIKMAN, Williani, Presbyterian clergy- man; b. New York, Aug. 12, 1824; grad. New York Univ., 1846 (D. D., 1869); m. 1849, Anna M. Burns, of New York. Pastor Presby'n chs., Newark, N. J., Wilmington, Del., New York, Detroit, Atlantic City, N. J. Mod- erator Synod Pa., Washington, D. C, 1863. Author: Our Country Strong in Her Isola- tion; Seductive Power of the Romish Ritual; Future of the Colored Race in America ; Government and Administration ; Moral Power of the Sea; Life at Home; Talks on Married Life and Things Adjacent; Heaven- ly Recognitions; etc.; also numerous re- view articles. Address: Atlantic City, N. J-

AILES, Milton Everett, asst. sec. Treas- ury U. S. since March, 1901; b. Shelby Co., O., Aug. 19, 1867; grad. high school, Sid- ney, O., Nat. Univ. Law School, Washing- ton, D. C. (LL. M.); admitted to D. C. bar, 1890; in. Washington, D. C, Nov. 25, 1891, Mary E. Gowans. Apptd. asst. messenger,

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

Treasury Dept., April, 1887; apptd. Dec, 1888, after competitive exam, to a $1,000 law clerkship, office Sec. of Treasury; on examination, advanced June, 1890, to $1,200; ApFil, 1891, to $1,600; June, 1893, detailed as private sec. to asst. sec. of Treasury; July, 1896, advanced to $1,800; Dec. 1, 1897, apptd. private sec. to Sec. of Treasury. Contributor to the popular mags, and a writer on finan- cial topics; asst. sec. and treas. Washing- ton Econ. Soc. Residence: 951 25th St., Washington. AINSLIE, George, retired lawyer; b. Boon- ville, Mo., Oct. 30, 1838; s. John A.; one year at St. Louis Univ. ; m. March 27, 1866, Sallie Owens. Admitted to Mo. bar, April, and went to Colo, (then known as "Pike's Peak"), 1860. Practiced law at Gregory Dig- gings, 1860-2; with a company of 16 men went to head-waters of Salmon River, in what is now Ida., prospecting for gold, 1862. Since then he has mined, and practiced law in Ida. Mem. Territorial legislative council, 1865-6; editor "Idaho World," 1869-73; dist. atty. 2d dist. Ida., 1875-9; delegate to Con- gress, 1879-83; mem. State Constitutional Conv. of Ida., 1889; chmn. Dem. State Cen- tral Com., 1890-1; Ida. mem. Dem. Nat. Com., 1896-1900; well known advocate of free silver; pres. Boise Rapid Transit Co. (street ry.). Address: 306 Warren Springs Av., Boise, Ida. AINSWORTH, Fred Crayton, brig.-gen. U. S. A. ; chief Record and Pension Office, War Dept.; b. Woodstock, Vt., Sept. 11, 1852, 1st It. and asst. surgeon U. S. A., Nov. 10, 1874; maj. and surgeon, Feb. 27, 1891; col. and chief Record and Pension Office, May 27, 1892; brig.-gen. and chief Record and Pension Office, March 2, 1899. Made im- portant reforms in the business methods of the War Dept. Devised and introduced the index-record card system, by means of which all military and medical records have been reproduced in such a way as to make the full history of any soldier immediately available. Upwards of 50,000,000 index-rec- ord cards have been prepared and placed on file. The adoption of this system has resulted in a permanent saving of over $500,000 per annum. Address: War Dept., Washington. AITKEN, David D., lawyer, ex-congress- man; b. Genesee Co., Mich., Sept. 5, 1854; .?. Hon. R. P. and Sarah J. A.; ed. Flint, Mich.; spent early life on farm; later en- gaged as bookkeeper, and teacher; admitted to Mich, bar, 1878; has since practiced at Flint; mem. Congress, 1893-7; Republican. Prominent in Knights of the Maccabees, of which was Supreme Commander, 1882, and Supreme Counselor and General Atty. since that time. Address: Flint, Mich. AITKEN, Peter, wood engraver; b. Dun- das, Canada, June 16, 1858; 5. William A.: m. Brooklyn, Sept., 1885, Florence H. CorkhUl. Came to the U. S., 1879; studied engraving under Timothy Cole several yrs. ; visited Europe, 1887 and 1891, and studied in Paris, 1895. Awarded medal World's Columbian Expn., 1893; exhibited Paris Expn., 1900. Address: 121 Pulaski St., Brooklyn.

AKELEY, Healy Cady, lumber merchant; b. Stowe, Vt., March 16, 1836; ed. dist. schools; became farmer and surveyor and later lawyer. Enlisted, 1863, as pvt. 2d Mich. Cav., mustered out, 1865, as adj. of regt. Mfr. lumber, Grand Haven, Mich., 1872-87; mayor Grand Haven 2 terms; collector cus- toms, dist. of Mich., 1866-81; in Minneapolis since 1887; now pres. H. C. Akeley Lumber Co., Minneapolis; pres. Itasca Lumber Co.; pres. Flour City Nat. Bank; pres. Metro- politan Trust Co. Address: Lumber Ex- change, Minneapolis.

AKERS, Elizabeth; see Allen, Elizabeth Akers.

"ALBANI, Madame," prima donna; b. (Marie Louise Emma Cecile Lajeunesse) Chamblay, nr. Montreal, Can., Nov. 1, 1851; ed. Convent of Sacred Heart, Montreal, and at Albany, N. Y., where she became locally famous as a singer. A concert was given there to raise funds to complete her musical ed'n at Paris and, under Lamperti, at Milan. Made debut as opera singer at Messina, Italy, 1870, taking the stage name "Albani" as a compliment to the city which had aided her career. Has since been very prominent as an operatic prima donna in Europe and America; m. Ernest Gye, the impressario, 1878. Address: Park House, Earl's Court Rd., S. W., London, England.

ALBAUGH, John W., actor, theatrical mgr. ; b. Baltimore, Sept. 30, 1837; 5. John W. and Elizabeth (Peters) A. ; first stage appearance at Baltimore Museum, Feb. 1, 1855 (Joseph Jefferson being stage mgr.) as Brutus in "Brutus, or the Fall of Tarquin;" afterward in many companies as walking gentleman, heavy man, leading support and star; m. 1866, Mary Mitchell, sister of Mag- gie Mitchell, the actress; co-mgr. Olympic, St. Louis, 1868-9; mgr. Trimble Opera House, Albany, N. Y., 1870; partner of Ben De Bar in St. Charles Theatre, New Orleans, 1870-1; mgr. Leland Opera House, Albany, 1873-81; mgr. and sole lessee Holliday St. Theatre, 1878-90, and sole prop. New Lyceum, Balti- more; built and was half owner, and mgr. for 3 yrs. Lafayette Sq. Opera House, Washington, 1895-8; lessee and mgr. Al- baugh's Grand Opera House, Washington, 1884-94; lessee and mgr. National Theatre, Washington, 1879-84. Retired. Last appear- ance on the stage as Shylock, Lyceum Thea- tre, Baltimore, Dec, 1899. Residence: Long Branch, N. J. A 1. 1! 10 10. John, author; b. at Bellingham Mass., April 3, 1833; ed. at Andover and Cambridge; lived for many yrs. at New Cas- tle, N. H. ; now of Chocorua, N. H. Author: Literary Art (1881); St. Aspenquid; an In- dian Idyll; Poems (1883); Prose Idylls (1892); Biography of Henry Dexter, sculptor (1898). Address: Chocorua, N. H.

ALBERS, Henri, leading baritone of the Grand Opera at Paris; b. Amsterdam, Hol- land, Feb. 1, 1867; ed. in schools there and at academies in Brussels and Paris; became officer of the French Acad., Feb., 1892; made debut in Paris, and has sung in prin. Euro- pean and Am. cities in leading baritone

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

roles of grand opera; also known as com- poser of various songs. Residence : La Var- enne (Seine), France. ALBERT, Charles Sunnier, Washington corr. New York World; b. Union Co., Ind., July 16, 1858; academic ed'n, Dublin, Ind.; m. May 22, 1895, Miss Fletcher, Washington. Formerly mgr. Press News Assn., Washing- ton, also traveling corr. and night editor United Press; 10 yrs. in Washington news- paper work. Residence: 701 12th St. N. E. Office: 1347 Pa. Av., Washington.

ALBING, Otto Frederick:, an editorial writer on Buffalo Courier since 1875, and editor Buffalo Demokrat since 18S5; b. Han- over, Germany, March 25, 1840; univ. ed'n at Gottingen and Heidelberg; engaged in newspaper work; came to U. S., 1866; was connected with German papers in Phila., New York and Buffalo. Address: 428 -Ver- mont St., Buffalo, N. Y.

ALBRIGHT, Edwin, president judge dist. court Lehigh Co., Pa., 1878-1908; b. Lehigh Co., Pa., Nov. 8, 1838; admitted to bar, 1862; practiced law until 1878; was 3 yrs. dist. atty., and 6 yrs. State senator. Address: Allentown, Pa.

ALBRO, Addis, clergyman, educator, lec- turer; b. Middleburgh, Schoharie Co., N. Y., Feb. 18, 1855; ed. Fort Edward Collegiate School; D. D., Grant Memorial Univ.); Inst., Eastman Coll., Union Univ. (M. S., Lawrence Univ,; LL. B., Albany Law prof, and coll. pres., 1877-86; pastor 1st M. E. Ch., Moline, 111., and 1st M. E. Ch., Utica, N. Y., 1887-93; Field sec. N. Y. State Sabbath Assn., 1893-8; gen. sec. The Am. Re- form Assn. since 1898; m. Schoharie, N. Y., Feb. 19, 1878, Mary Alice Scribner; charter mem. Order of Founders and Patriots of America; mem. Soc. Colonial Wars, Sons Am. Revolution, Descendants of Colonial Governors, etc. Author: History of Our Country's Flag. Home: Detroit, Mich. Busi- ness Address: Albany, N. Y.

ALDEN, Charles Henry, colonel U. S. A.; retired April 28, 1900; late asst. surgeon- gen. U. S. A. ; pres. Army Med. School Washington, D. C. ; b. Phila., April 28, 1836 grad. Brown, 1856; Pa. Med. Coll., 1858 mem. Am. Pub. Health Assn., Am. Med Assn., Am. Climat. Assn., Am. Acad. Med. m. Katherine Russell Lincoln, Oct. 25, 1864. Residence: 33 Washington Park, Newtonville, Mass.

ALDEN, Cynthia May Westover, jour- nalist; b. Afton, la., May 31, 1862, d. Oliver S. and Lucinda (Lewis) Westover; grad. Colo. State Univ. and Denver Business Coll. ; taught geology, bookkeeping, vocal music; was for several yrs. soprano soloist in ch. choirs in New York; U. S. insp. of customs at New York, 1887; made many im- portant seizures; 2 yrs. sec. to comm'r of st. cleaning; for a time was engaged in the N. Y. State Museum of Natural History, re- signed to engage in journalism; edited Wo- man's dept. New York Recorder; 3 yrs. ed- itor Woman's dept. New York Tribune; is now on editorial staff of The Ladies' Home

Journal. Founder and pres. -gen. of Inter- nal Sunshine Soc. Residence: 112A Rodney St., Brooklyn. Business Address: 96 5th Av., New York.

ALDEN, Henry Mills, editor Harper's Magazine since 1869; b. Mt. Tabor, nr. Danby, Vt., Nov. 11, 1836; attended schools at Hoos- ick Falls, N. Y. ; grad. Williams Coll., 1857 (L. H. D., 1890) ; grad. Andover Theol. Sern., 1860, but never took orders; m. 1861, Susan Frye Foster, N. Andover, Mass; 2d, 1900, Mrs. Ada Foster Murray, Norfolk, Va. Lec- turer, 1863-4, before Lowell Inst., Boston, subject, "Structure of Paganism"; manag- ing editor Harper's Weekly, 1863-9. Author: God in His World; A Study of Death; Har- per's Pictoral History of the Great Rebel- lion (with A. H. Guernsey), etc. Address: Metuchen, N. J.

ALDEN, Isabella Macdonald ("Pan- sy"); author; b. Rochester, N. Y., Nov. 3, 1841; d. Isaac and Myra Spafford Macdonald; ed. Seneca Collegiate Inst., Ovid, N. Y., and Young Ladies' Inst., Auburn, N. Y. ; m. 1866, Rev. G. R. Alden, D. D. Author of about seventy-five Sunday-school books, and of a number of volumes of fiction for older read- ers, all L9; also "The Prince of Peace," a life of Christ. Her works have been trans- lated into Swedish, French, Japanese, Ar- menian, etc. Edited the juvenile periodical "Pansy," 1873-96; now on editorial staff "Herald and Presbyter," Cincinnati; "Christian Endeavor World," Boston. Ad- dress: 4421 Baltimore Av., Philadelphia.

ALDEN, William Livingston, author; b. Williamstown, Mass., Oct. 9, 1837; grad. Jefferson Coll., Pa., 1858; m. 1865, Agnes M. McClure; admitted to N. Y. bar, 1860; prac- ticed until 1865; leader-writer on New York World, Times, Graphic, etc., until 1885; U. S. consul-gen. at Rome, 1885-9; leader-writer on Paris Herald, 1890-3; since then resident in London. Received decoration of Knight of the Crown of Italy, 1890. Author: Canoe and Flying Proa; Domestic Explosives; Shooting Stars; Life of Columbus; Adven- tures of Jimmie Brown; Loss of the Swan- sea; The Moral Pirates; Cruise of the Ghost; Cruise of the Canoe Club; New Robinson Crusoe; Trying to Find Europe; A Lost Soul; Told by the Colonel; Among the Freaks; The Mystery of Elias G. Roebuck; His Daughter; Van Wagener's Ways; etc. Address: 61 Cloudesdale Rd., London, S. W., England.

ALDERMAN, Edward Sinclair, pres. Bethel Coll., Ky., since 1898; b. Wilmington, N. C, July 27, 1861; 5. Alfred and Mary Sin- clair A.; grad. Wake Forest Coll., N. C, 1883; Southern Baptist Theol. Sem., 1886 (D. D., Bethel Coll., 1898); m. June 3, 1886, Lida Glover, Louisville, Ky. Pastorates: Chapel Hill, N. C. ; Paris, Woodlake, Russellville, Ky. Address: Russellville, Ky.

ALDERMAN, Edwin Anderson, pres. Tulane Univ. since April 5, 1900; b. Wilming- ton, N. C, May 15, 1861; s. James and Susan J. A.; grad. Univ. of N. C. Ph. B.), 1882; (D. C. L., Univ. of the South; LL. D., Tu- lane Univ., 1898); m. 1886, Emma Graves

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

(died, 1896); supt. Goldsboro city schools, 1884-7; asst. State supt. N. C, 1889-92; prof. English, State Normal Coll., 1892; prof, ped- agogy, Univ. of N. C, 1892-6; pres. same 1896-9; well known as speaker and lecturer. Author: Life of William Hooper, Signer of the Declaration; School History of North Carolina. Address: Tulane Univ., New Or- leans.

ALDERSON, Victor Clifton, educator; b. Plymouth, Mass., June 4, 1862; s. Andrew P. A. ; grad. Harvard, 1885 (A. M.) ; was fellow Geol. Soc. of America; dean and act- ing pres. since Nov. 1, 1900, Armour Inst, of Technology, Chicago; mem. Soc. of Colonial Wars; Historian Soc. of Mayflower De- scendants; writer on scientific and math, subjects. Widower. Residence: 428 34th St. Office: 33d St. and Armour Av., Chicago.

ALDRICH, Charles, founder, in 1892, and now curator and sec. Hist. Dept. of Iowa; b. Ellington, N. Y., Oct. 2, 1828; ed. public schools, Little Valley, N. Y., and James- town Acad., N. Y. (A. M., Iowa Coll., 1869) ; m. 1st, Matilda Williams Aldrich (died Sept. 18, 1892;) 2d, Nov. 12, 1898, Thirza Louise Briggs, Webster City, la. Founded "The Freeman," newspaper, Webster City, la., June 29, 1857; chief clerk la. Ho. of Reps., 1860, 1862, 1866, 1870; mem. of house, 1882; mem. U. S. Geol. Survey, 1875, in Rocky Mountains; traveled in Europe, 1883-4, 1885-6 and 1889. Home: Boone, la. Office: Des Moines, la.

ALDRICH, Charles Henry, lawyer; b. La Grange Co., Ind., Aug. 28, 1850; grad. Univ. of Mich., 1875 (A. M., Univ. of Mich., 1893); admitted to Ind. bar, 1876; practiced Fort Wayne, 1876-86; since then in Chicago; solicitor-gen. U. S., 1892-3; Republican; m. Oct. 13, 1875, Helen Roberts, Steuben Co., Ind. Residence: 645 University PL, Evans- ton, 111. Office: Home Insurance Bldg., Chi- cago.

ALDRICH, Edgar, U. S. judge dist. of N. H., since 1891; b. Pittsburg, N. H., 1848; attended Colebrook Acad. (A. M., Dart- mouth, 1891); grad. law dept. Univ. of Mich., 1868; m. Oct. 7, 1872, Louise M. Remick; ad- mitted to N. H. bar, Aug., 1868; practiced at Colebrook, N. H., 1868-81; Littleton, N. H., 1881-91; solicitor Coss Co., N. H., 1872-4 and 1876-9; mem. and speaker N. H. legis- lature, 1885. Address: Littleton, N. H.

ALDRICH, J. M., zoologist; collegiate ed'n (M. S.); prof, zoology, Univ. of Idaho; spe- cial student in entomology, particularly dip- tera. Address: Univ. of Idaho, Moscow, Ida.

ALDRICH, Leander Jefferson, prof, since 1885, pres. since 1887, Union Christian Coll.; b. Conklinville, N. Y., May 21, 1851; s. Hudson A.; grad. Oberlin Coll., 1880; A. M., 1883; Oberlin Theol. Sem., 1885 (D. D., Elon Coll., N. C); has taught since 1873; m. Oct. 23, 1889, Clara E. Preslar. Address: Merom, Ind.

ALDRICH, Mary Jane, temperance work- er; b. Sidney Plains, N. Y., March 19, 1833; d. Milton and Delia (Hull) Johnston; m. John Aldrich, 1855; lived in Neb., 1855-66; then Cedar Rapids, la.; moved to Mo., 1894.

Began temperance work with the Crusade movement; became Nat. v. -p. and State pres. W. C. T. U. ; joined Non-Partisan W. C. T. U., 1890, becoming sec. of its evange- listic work. Address: Springfield, Mo. ALDRICH, Nelson Wilmarth, U. S. senator from R. I. Dec. 5, 1881-1905; b. Foster, R. I., Nov. 6, 1841; academic ed'n; is engaged in mercantile pursuits. Pres. Providence common council, 1871-3; mem. R. I. legislature, 1875-6, and its speaker, 1876; mem. Congress, elected for terms 1879-83, but resigned to take seat in Senate; Repub- lican. Chmn. Com. on Rules, 55th Congress, and Rep. leader in Senate. Home: Privi- dence, R. .1.

ALDRICH, Orlando W., lawyer; b. Clar- ence, Erie Co., N. Y., March 30, 1840; .?. Sid- ney and Lydia A. (York) A. ; grad. 111. Wes- leyan Univ. (Ph. D., D. C. L. same; LL. B., LL. D., Albert Univ., Belleville, Ont.); studied law; admitted to bar, 1870; m. Mt. Vernon, O., July 25, 1878, Sarah A. Coulter. In mil. service 14th N. Y. vol. inf., 1860-3; prof, law, 111. Wesley an Univ., 1876-81; prof, law, Ohio State Univ., 1891-6; pres. Ohio Soc. Sons Am. Revolution, 1894-5; pres. Ohio Soc. War of 1812 since 1894; Judge Advocate Ohio G. A. R., May, 1894; pres. Worthing- ton, Clintonville & Columbus St. Ry. Co., 1891-8; Republican. Editor: 1st Am. edition Anson on Contracts, 1879 C15; Supplemental vol. Ohio Statutes, Columbus, 1884. Wrote: Article on Elections, 1st edition Am. and English Encyclopedia of Law; articles in Weekly Jurist, Bloomington, 111., 1877-81. Office: 11 Wesley Blk., Columbus, O.

ALDRICH, Samuel Nelson, pres. State Nat. Bank of Boston since Dec. 15, 1900; b. Upton, Mass., Feb. 3, 1838; s. Sylvanus Bucklin and Lucy Jane (Stoddard) A. ; ed. Worcester Acad., Brown Univ., and Har- vard Law School; m. Upton, Mass., Sept., 1865, Mary J., d. J. F. Macfarland. Ad- mitted to bar 1863, practiced Marlborough, Mass., 1863-74, after that in Boston retain- ing residence in Marlborough; was 9 yrs. mem. Marlborough School Com. ; 4 yrs. mem. bd. of selectmen; was pres. old Fram- ingham & Lowell R. R., later pres. Mass. Central R. R. Mem. Mass. State senate, 1879, 1880, Ho. of Reps., 1883; Dem. candi- date for Congress old 7th dist., Mass., 1880; asst. treas. U. S. in Boston, March, 1887, to Jan. 15, 1891. Residence: Marlborough, Mass.

ALDRICH, Thomas Bailey, author; b. Portsmouth, N. H., Nov. 11, 1836; passed part of boyhood in La. ; returned to Ports- mouth, 1850, and prepared for Harvard (A. M., Yale, 1883; Harvard, 1896), but his father died, 1852, and he went into an uncle's banking house in New York until 1855. Then occupied editorial positions on New York Evening Mirror, N. P. Willis's Home Jour- nal, and The Illustrated News until 1865 conducted Every Saturday, Boston, 1865-74 editor The Atlantic Monthly, 1881-90. Author The Ballad of Baby Bell, and Other Poems Poems; The Story of a Bad Boy; Cloth of Gold; Flower and Thorn; Mercedes, and Later Lyrics; Marjorie Daw, and Other Peo- ple; Prudence Palfry; The Queen of Sheba;

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

The Stillwater Tragedy; From Ponkapog to Pesth; Wyndharn Towers (poem); The Sis- ters' Tragedy; An Old Town by the Sea; Two Bites at a Cherry, and Other Tales; Unguarded Gates; Judith and Holofernes; (complete works in 8 vols.). Address: Care Houghton, Mifflin & Co., Boston.

ALDKIC'Il, Truman H., mining engineer; b. Palmyra, Wayne Co., N. Y., Oct. 17, 1848; ed. in public schools, the Mil. Acad., West Chester, Pa., and Rensselaer Polytechnic Inst., Troy, N. Y., graduating M. E., 1869; practiced, N. Y. and N. J., 1869-71; in bank- ing business, Selma, Ala., 1871-3; since then in coal mining; now connected with the Cahaba Southern Mining Co. ; also blast fur- nace interests. Was Rep. candidate for Con- gress (indorsed by People's party), 1894; his opponent was seated; after a successful con- test he was seated near the close of the 54th Congress. Address: Birmingham, Ala.

ALDRICH, William F., civil engineer, ex- congressman; b. Palmyra, N. Y., March 11, 1853; 5. Wni. F. and Louisa M. A.; ed. pub- lic schools; grad. Warren's Mil. Acad., Poughkeepsie, taking course in civil eng'r- ing; removed to Ala., 1874; engaged in min- ing and mfg. and built up town of Aldrich; was postmaster same; delegate Rep. Nat. conv., 1896 and 1900; mem. Rep. Congres- sional Com., Ala., 6 yrs., Ala. State execu- tive com. Mem. 54th, 55th and 56th con- gresses, 4th Ala. dist; seated only after con- test after each election. Republican. Address: Aldrich, Ala.

ALDRICH, William Sleeper, prof. elec. eng'ring, Univ. of 111., since Sept. 1, 1899; b. Phila., March 3, 1863; grad. U. S. Naval Acad., 1883; Stevens Inst. Technology, mech. eng'r, 1884; m. Phila., July 1, 1886, Mary Lavinia Purdy. Since graduation engaged in eng'ring practice and teaching, 3 yrs. in electrical eng'ring dept., Johns Hopkins Univ.; prof. mech. eng'ring, W. Va. Univ.; 6 and one-half yrs. ; volunteered for service in Spanish- Am. war; apptd. passed asst. eng'r (with relative rank of It. U. S. N.), at- tached to the U. S. S. Vulcan, with Ad- miral Sampson's fleet in Cuban waters, May 12 to Oct. 18, 1898. Mem. Am. Inst. Elec. Eng'rs; Am. Soc. Mech. Eng'rs; Am. Soc. Naval Eng'rs; Soc. Naval Architects and Marine Eng'rs; Nat. Geog. Soc. (corr. mem.); Soc. for Promotion of Eng'ring Ed'n; Franklin Inst.; fellow A. A. A. S. Has contributed valuable papers to eng'ring and scientific societies and the tech. press; also in North Am. Review, vol. 162, Speed in Modern Warships, and The Engineer in Naval Warfare, Art. II. ; joint author with asst. prof. W. H. Browne, Jr., of "Manual for Electrical Engineering Laboratory." Ad- dress: Urbana, 111.

ALDRIDGE, George Washington,

mfr. ; b. Michigan City, Ind., Dec. 28, 1856: ed. Rochester public schools and Carey Mil. Inst. ; m. Mary Mack. As chmn. of exec, bd. had charge of fire and street depts. of Rochester, 1884-94; elected mayor of Roch- ester, 1894; resigned as mayor to become State supt. public works; apptd. by Gov.

Morton; reapptd. by Gov. Black. During 2d term had charge of construction, and brought to completion, new N. Y. State capitol; has been mem. Rep. State Com. 12 yrs.; 32d degree Mason. Address: Rochester, N. Y.

ALERDING, Herman Joseph, R. C. bishop of Fort Wayne, Ind. ; consecrated in Cathedral at Fort Wayne, Nov. 30, 1900, b. Newport, Ky., April 13, 1845; j. B. Her- man and Theresa (Schrameier) A. ; ed. Vin- cennes, Ind.; St. Thomas, Ky., and St. Meinrad's Abbey, Spencer Co., Ind. Or- dained priest, Sept. 22, 1868, at St. Meinrad. Address: Fort Wayne, Ind.

ALEXANDER, De Alva Stanwood, congressman, lawyer; b. Richmond, Me., July 17, 1846; served as private in Union army, 1862-5; grad. Bowdoin Coll., 1870; prac- ticed law at Indianapolis, Ind., until 1881; 5th auditor U. S. Treasury, 1881-5; served 1 term as dept. comdr., G, A. R., dept. of the Potomac; practiced law in Buffalo, N. Y., since 1885; U. S. atty. Northern Dist. of N. Y., 1889-93; mem. congress, 1897-1903, 33d N. Y. dist; Rep. Home: Buffalo, N. Y.

ALEXANDER, Eben, educator, diplomat; b. Knoxville, Tenn., March 9, 1851; 5. Judge Ebenezer and Margaret White (McClurg) A. ; grad. Yale, 1873 (LL. D., Univ. of N. C, 1893) ; m. Oct. 15, 1874, Marion Howard-Smith, instr. and prof, ancient languages, Univ. of Tenn., 1873-86; chmn. of faculty, 1885-6; pres. State Teachers' Ass'n Tenn., 1886; prof, of Greek, Univ. of N. C, 1886-93; re- turned to same chair after serving as U. S. minister to Greece, Roumania, and Servia, 1893-7. Address: Chapel Hill, N. C.

ALEXANDER, Edward Porter, eng'r; b. Washington, Ga., May 26, 1835; s. Adam Leopold and Sarah Gilbert A. ; grad. U. S. Mil. Acad., 1857; m. 1860, Bettie Mason, King George Co., Va. ; apptd. 2d It. U. S. eng'r corps; resigned, 1861; entered C. S. army, capt. of eng'rs; served in army of Northern Va. until surrender at Appomattox in 1865, as chief of ordnance, and later as brig. -gen. of arty, and chief of arty., Longstreet's corps; prof, mathematics and eng'ring, Univ. of S. C, 1866-70; gen. mgr. and pres. of va- rious railroads (including Louisville & Nash- ville, Central of Ga., Ga. R. R. & Bank Co.), 1871-92; capitol comm'r, State of Ga., 1883-8; mem. bds. on navigation of Columbian Riv- er, Ore., and on ship canal between Chesa- peake and Delaware bays, 1892-4; gov't di- rector Union Pacific R. R. Co., 1885-7; now eng'r arbitrator of boundary survey between Costa Rica and Nicaragua. Is rice planter on South Island, Georgetown, S. C. Author: Railway Practice; also many mag. articles. Address: Augusta, Ga.

ALEXANDER, George, clergyman; b. West Charlton, N. Y., Oct. 12, 1843; s. Alex- ander F. and Margaret (Bunyan) A. ; grad. Union Coll., 1866 (D. D., 1884); Princeton Theol. Sem., 1870. Pastorates: East Av. Presby'n Ch., Schnectady, N. Y., 1870-83; University PI. Presby'n Ch., New York, since 1884. Trustee Union Coll., Sao Paulo Coll., Brazil; pres. New York Coll. Dentis-

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

try; v.-p. Council of New York Univ.; di- rector Princeton Theol. Sem. ; mem. Presby'n Bd. Foreign Missions; prof, rhetoric and logic, Union Coll., 1877-83. Residence: 47 Uni- versity PI., New York.

ALEXANDER, Gross, prof. New Testa- ment Greek and exegesis in theol. dept. Van- derbilt Univ. since 1885; b. Scottsville, Ky., June 1, 1852; 5. Dr. Charles Holliday and Eliza A. (Drane) A.; grad. Univ. of Louis- ville, 1871; tutor in same, 1871-3; prof. Latin and Greek Warren Coll., Ky., 1873-5; B. D., Drew Theol. Sem.,N. J., 1877 (S. T. D., Em- ory and Henry Coll., Va., 1890); m. 1st, Louisville, Ky., Aug. 12, 1875, Helen M. Watts; 2d, Chicago, Nov. 30, 1887, Arabel Wilbur. Pastor in Ulster Co., N. Y., 1875-6; pastor at New Brighton, Staten Island, 1877; joined Louisville conf. M. E. Ch. S., 1877; was pastor in Ky., 1877-84; student of Dr. J. A. Broadus, 1877-80; traveled in Europe, 1880; mem. and one of sees, of gen. conf., Mem- phis, 1894, Baltimore, 1898; was some yrs. mem. Soc. of Biblical Literature and Exege- sis; was elected mem. Am. Ch. History Soc. Author: Life of S. P. Holcombe, 1888 L8; Homilies of Chrysostom on Galatians and Ephesians (vol. 9 Library of Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers), 1889 S3; History of Methodist Episcopal Church, South (Am. Church History Series), 1894 S3; The Begin- nings of Methodism in the South, 1897 B16; The Son of Man: Studies in His Life and Teaching, 1899 B16. Also has written essays on The Tiibingen Theory, The Canon of the New Testament and The Making of a Ser- mon, in book of essays, 1890 (Discussions in Theology, pub. by Vanderbilt Univ.); The Historical Situation in First Epistle of St. John, The Methodist Review, Nov., 1894; Earliest Schools of Methodism in America, same, 1896. Address: Nashville, Tenn.

ALEXANDER, James F., M. D.; b. Green- ville Dist., S. C, May 28, 1824; ed. Ogle- thorpe Univ. and at Lawrenceville, Ga. ; grad. Med. Coll. of Ga., Augusta, 1849; lo- cated at Atlanta; delegate to secession conv., 1861; surgeon 7th Ga. regt., C. S. A.; m, 1st, 1855, Georgia Orme of Milledgeville, Ga. (died, 1876) ; 2d, Ada Reynolds of Covington, Ga. ; chmn. Fulton Co. Dem. Com. during reconstruction times; several yrs. pres. At- lanta Bd. of Health; has been pres. Ga. State Med. Ass'n; mem. Am. Med. Ass'n; still in active practice. Address: Atlanta, Ga.

ALEXANDER, James Waudel, pres. Equitable Life Assurance Soc. of U. S. ; b. Princeton, N. J., July 19, 1839; s. Rev. Dr. James W. A., pastor 5th A v. Ch. ; grad. Princeton Univ., 1860 (A. M.); m. Nov. 24, 1864, Elizabeth, N. J., Elizabeth Beasley, d. Chancellor Benjamin Williamson of N. J.; admitted to New York bar, 1862; practiced law until 1866; trustee Princeton Univ.; pres.- Univ. Club, 8 yrs. ; pres. Princeton Club, 6 yrs. Residence: 4 E. 64th St. Office: 120 Broad- way, New York.

ALEXANDER, John White, artist; b. Allegheny City, Pa., Oct. 7, 1856; .?. John and Fanny (Smith) A. ; art ed'n Royal Acad. Fine Arts, Munich; m. Nov. 2, 1887, Eliza- beth Alexander. Received gold medal (Tem-

ple) Phila. Acad. Fine Arts; 1st gold medal, Paris Exp'n, 1900; societaire Societe Nation- ale des Beaux Arts, Paris; hon. mem. In- ternat. Soc. London land Vienna Soc. of Painters, and Munich Soc. of Painters; mem. Soc. of Am. Artists, Societe Nouvelle, Paris. Residence: 4 E. 64th St. Studio: 123 E. 63d St., New York.

ALEXANDER, William, Presby'n clergy- man; b. Huntingdon Co., Pa., Dec. 18, 1831; 5-. Ranald and Sara Henderson (Carothers) A. ; prep, ed'n Tuscarora and Juniata Acads., Pa.; studied 3 yrs. Lafayette Coll.; grad. Jefferson Coll. ; grad. Princeton Theol. Sem., 1861 (D. D., Univ. of Wooster, O.); m. Hudson, N. Y., Dec. 25, 1861, Miss M. P. Os- borne. Ordained Presby'n ministry, June, 1862; pastor Lycoming Ch., Williamsport, Pa.; pres. Carrol Coll., 1863-5; pastor Beloit, Wis., 1865-9; San Jose, Calif., 1869-71; pres. City Coll., San Francisco, 1871-4; principal founder San Francisco Theol. Sem., 1871; prof. New Testament Greek and Exegesis, 1871-6; Ch. history, same, since 1876; trav- eled in Europe and the East, 1899-1900; Dem. until 1862; Rep. since. Mem. com. to revise Westminster Confession of Faith, 1890-3; one of editors Presby'n and Reformed Reviews. Wrote: Commentaries on Internat. Sunday School Lessons for 3 yrs. ; Letters to Gov- ernor George Stoneman on the Sunday Laws of California; Letters to Bishop McQuaid on Failure of Romanism; several contributions to Presby'n and Reformed Reviews, etc. Ad- dress: San Anselmo, Calif.

ALEXANDER, William DeWitt, sur- veyor gen. of Hawaiian Islands since March, 1872; asst. in U. S. Coast Survey since Feb.

1, 1901; b. Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands, April

2, 1833; j. Rev. W. P. A., of Paris, Ky., mis- sionary, arrived Hawaii, 1832 (died 1884) ; ed. mission school, Punahou, nr. Honolulu, and at Harrisburg, Pa.; grad. Yale Coll., salu- tatorian, 1855 (A. M., Yale); m. Abigail Charlotte Baldwin (fe. Waimea, Hawaii, Nov. 7, 1833); went round Cape Horn to Harris- burg, Pa., 1849; tutor Beloit Coll., Wis., 1856; teacher of Acad. Vincennes, Ind., 1857; re- turned to Honolulu, via Panama, 1858; prof. Greek, Oahu Coll.; pres. same, 1864-71; mem. privy council, 1884; bd. of ed'n, 1887-1900; comm'r Internat. Meridian Conf., Washing- ton, 1884, and again comm'r from provision- al gov't to Washington, 1893; Rep. Fellow Royal Geog. Soc. since 1892; Astron. Soc. of the Pacific, Hawaiian Hist. Soc, Knight of Order of Kalakaua. Author: A Brief History of the Hawaiian People, 1891 Al; History of the Later Years of the Hawaiian Monarchy, and of the Revolution of 1893, 1896 H13; Brief Hawaiian Grammar, H13; Introduction to L. Andrews' Hawaiian Dictionary. Wrote: An- cient Systems of Land Tenure in Polynesia, Am. Law Review, St. Louis, May, 1888. Also Hawaiian Hist. Soc. papers: No. 1, Rela- tions Between Hawaii and Spanish America; No. 6, Proceedings of the Russians on Kauai, 1814-19; No. 9, The Uncompleted Treaty of Annexation, 1854; several articles in Thrum's Annual, Honolulu, 1891-6. Resi- dence: Punahou St., Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands.

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

ALFURD. William Hays, lawyer; b. Bowie Co., Tex., Sept. 14, 1866; j. Benjamin Michael and Josephine M. A. ; chmn. Dem. State Com. Calif., 1896; mem. Calif, legisla- ture, 1893; Dem. nominee for Congress, 7th dist., Calif., 1894; candidate U. S. senate, 1899; distinguished as a jury lawyer. Un- married. Residence: Olympic Club. Office: Cluuie Bldg., San Francisco.

ALFRIEND, Edward Morrisson, dra- matist; b. Richmond, Va., Oct. 25, 1843; s. Thomas M. and Mary Ann A.; ed. William and Mary Coll., Williamsburg, Va. Not married. Author: A Woman's Ordeal, 1877; A Foregone Conclusion, 1889; The Louisian- ian, 1891; Across the Potomac, 1892; The Diplomats, 1894; The Great Diamond Rob- bery, 1895; His Double Life, 1896; New York, 1897. Address: Ashland House, New York.

ALGER, Russell Alexander, ex-sec. of War of U. S. ; b. Lafayette Tp., Medina Co., 0., Feb. 27, 1836; orphaned at 11 yrs. of age, and for 7 yrs. worked on farm, earning money to defray expenses at Richfield (O.) Acad, during winters. Taught school 2 win- ters; admitted to bar, 1859; began practice in Cleveland; removed to Mich., Jan. 1, 1860; began lumbering in a small way; enlisted, Sept. 2, 1861, and served as capt. and maj. 2d Mich., lt.-col. 6th Mich., col. 5th Mich, cav.; bvtd. brig. -gen. and maj. -gen. vols. In lumber business after war; head of Alger, Smith & Co., and Manistique Lumbering Co., which owns and operates extensive tim- ber tracts and mills in Mich, and Minn. Was gov. Mich., 1885 and 1886; a leading candidate for pres. in Rep. Nat. Conv., 1888;

1 term comdr.-in-chief G. A. R. ; Sec. of War of U. S., 1897-9, resigned. Home: De- troit.

ALGER, William Rounseville, Unita- rian clergyman; b. Freetown, Mass., Dec. 28, 1822; grad. Harvard Theol. School, 1847 (A. M., Harvard, 1852); m. 1847, Anne Lang- don Lodge, Boston. Filled pastorates in Roxbury, Mass.; Boston; New York; Den- ver; Chicago; Portland, Me., and returned to Boston. Author: Symbolic History of the Cross; The School of Life; History of the Doctrine of a Future Life; The Genius of Solitude; The Friendships of Women; Poet- ry of the Orient; Life of Edwin Forrest; Sources of Consolation in Human Life; etc. Address: 6 Brimmer St., Boston.

AL1 FERROUH HEY, E. E. & M. P. of Turkey to U. S. since March, 1895; b. Con- stantinople, 1865; degree of licentiate from Nat. Univ., Constantinople; diploma of ficole de Sciences Politiques et Morales, Paris. Was sec. of embassy at Paris, London and Bucharest; counsellor of embassy in St. Pe- tersburgh. Author: Public and Private Inter- national Law; History of Turkey; History of Arabia. Address: Cleveland Park, D. C.

ALLAN. William Temple, D. D., P. E. clergyman; b. Clarke Co., Va., Dec. 15, 1855; descended from Robert Allan, who settled in Va. 1834; attended common schools until 17 yrs. of age; at Theol. Sem. of Va.,

2 yrs.; taught in public schools of W. Va., and Ch. School of Seguin, Tex. ; 2 yrs. at Univ. of the South. Ordained deacon, 1880;

priest, 1883, San Antonio, Tex. Built the church at Boerne, Tex., and at Gadsden, Ala.; had charge of St. John's Ch., Ft. Smith, Ark., 2d in size in State; erected a handsome stone church there; sec. bd. of mgrs. diocesan missions; mem. standing com. diocese of Ark. ; delegate to Gen. Conv., 1898; chaplain Ben. T. Duval Camp, Confederate Veterans, 5 yrs. ; chaplain Am. Guild, 4 yrs. ; chaplain Battery B of Ft. Smith, Ark., organized for war with Spain; state missioner of Ark. for Foreign and Do- mestic Missionary Soc. of New York; be- came rector Christ Ch., Springfield, Mo., Feb. 10, 1899; chaplain Actors' Ch. Alliance; chaplain Blue Lodge of Masons; mem. Ar- chaeol. and Palaeontol. Soc, Univ. of Pa., apptd. div. chaplain Sons of Confederate Veterans of Mo., Feb. 20, 1901. Address: Springfield, Mo.

ALLEN, Addison, lawyer; b. New York, Feb. 28, 1865; j. John Hull and Mary (Hill) A., lineal descendant of Gen. Ethan Allen and Joseph Addison; ed. Leonard Acad., Es- sex Co., N. J.; Grammar School, New York School of Languages; Amherst Coll., 1884-7; grad. Columbia, 1888, M. A., 1889; grad. Col- umbia Coll. Law School, cum laude, 1889; unmarried. In ins., iron and stock broker- age business, 1881-4; admitted to N. Y. bar, May 16, 1889; traveled through every coun- try of Europe, 1889-91 ; has spoken on stump in every campaign since 1884; practicing law since 1891; mem. Sons Am. Revolution, Columbia Coll. Alumni Assn., Alpha Delta Phi, and Quill Clubs. Wrote articles in The Educator: Language As a Study, 1887; Rail- roads, 1887; My Summer Home, 1887; The Owl and the Kitten, 1887; The City, 1887; contributor to Sag Harbor Express on Euro- pean Travel, 1897-9. Residence: 31 E. 127th St. Office: 120 Broadway, New York.

ALLEN, Alexander Viets Griswold, prof. ch. history, Episcopal Theol. School, since 1867; b. Otis, Mass., May 4, 1841; s. Rev. Ethan and Lydia Child (Burr) A. ; grad. Kenyon Coll., 1862; Andover Theol. Sem., 1865 (D. D., Harvard, 1886); m. 1872, Elizabeth Kent Stone (died, 1892). Ordained priest in P. E. Ch., 1805. Author: Continuity of Christian Thought, 1884 H5; Life of Jon- athan Edwards, 1889 H5; Religious Progress, 1893 H5; Christian Institutions, 1897 S3; Life and Letters of Phillips Brooks, 1900 D4. Has contributed theol. and biog. articles to re- views and mags. Address: 2 Phillips PI., Cambridge, Mass.

ALLEN, Alfred, author, playwright; b. Al- fred, N. Y., April 8, 1866; s. Rev. Dr. J. A., pres. Alfred Univ. ; grad. Alfred Univ. (A. B. and A. M.); also studied at Harvard, Johns Hopkins and Columbia univs. ; sp'l studies Am. Acad. Dramatic Arts, New Eng- land Conservatory of Music; unmarried. Prof, at Alfred Univ. ; teacher in Balti- more, 4 yrs. ; geologist State Survey of N. Y. ; owner of mines in Ga. and Fla., 5 yrs.; editor and publisher of "Florida," 2 yrs.; editor, 2 yrs., "Dramatic Studies"; prof. de Mille and Alberti schools, and Am. Acad, of Dramatic Arts. Pres. N. Y. Johns Hop- kins Alumni, 3 yrs. Author: (Novels): The

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

Heart of Don Vega; Judge Lynch; Chivalry; The Cup of Victory, (with Richard Hovey) ; The Triumph of Todd, (with Theodore Burt Sayre). Plays (produced): Jack the Giant Killer; A Burglar Honeymoon; Playmates; Head of the House. Has contributed short stories to Cosmopolitan, Criterion, South- ern, Harper's and other mags. Address: 316 W. 57th St., New York. ALLEN, Amos L., congressman; b. Water- borough, Me., March 17, 1837; grad. Bow- doin Coll., 1860; studied law Columbian Law School; admitted to bar York Co., Me., 1866; clerk U. S. Treasury Dept., 3 yrs. ; clerk of courts, York Co., Me., 1870-83; clerk judi- ciary com., U. S. Ho. of Reps., 1883-4; sp'l examiner pension bureau, 1884-5; mem. leg- islature, 1886-7; delegate at large, and mem. com. on resolutions, Rep. Nat. Conv., St. Louis, 1S96; private sec. Speaker Thomas B. Reed, 1893-6; succeeded him as mem. 56th Congress, 1st Me. dist; re-elected to 57th Congress; Rep. Home: Alfred, Me.

ALLEN, Andrew Hnssey, chief Bureau Rolls and Library, Dept. of State of U. S. ; b. New York, Dec. 6, 1855; grad. Harvard, 1878; lawyer by profession, but has never practiced; disbursing agt. court of comm'rs of Alabama Claims, 1882-5; mem. U. S. Bd. on Geographic Names since Sept. 4, 1890; ac- tive mem. Am. Hist. Soc. ; inaugurated Sept., 1893, and is editor Bulletin of Rolls and Library of Dept. of State, as a medium for publication of catalogues, indexes and important papers of the National Archives; now editing, in the Bulletin, the Documen- tary History of the U. S. Constitution. Un- married. Author: Official Relations of the United States with the Hawaiian Islands, from the First Appointment of a Consular Office there by the United States Govern- ment, 1893 W8; The Historical Archives of the Department of State, 1895 W8; Method of Recognition of Foreign Governments and Foreign States by the Government of the United States, 1897 W8. Residence: 1500 Ver- mont Av. Office: Dept. of State, "Washington, D. C.

ALLEN, Charles, justice supreme judicial court of Mass., 1882-1898; b. Greenfield, Mass., April 17, 1827; grad. Harvard Univ., 1847 (LL. D., 1892). Practiced law in Green- field till 1862, after that in Boston. Reporter Decisions, Supreme Jud. Court, Mass., 1861-7; atty.-gen. of Mass., 1867-72; chmn. of Comm'n to Revise Statutes of Mass., 1881. Author: Allen's Mass. Reports (14 vols.), 1861-9; Telegraph Cases, 1873; Notes on the Bacon-Shakespeare Question, 1900 H5. Ad- dress: Boston.

ALLEN, Charles Dexter, editor "In Lan- tern-Land" since Dec, 1898; b. Windsor Locks, Conn., May 8, 1865; ed. in common and high schools, Hartford, Conn. ; is by oc- cupation a banker. Author: American Book Plates, 1894 Ml; A Classified List of Early American Book Plates, 1894; Ex Libris, Es- says of a Collector, 1896 L2. Wrote article on book plates in 1899; edit. Appleton's Cy- clopedia. Mem. Authors Club, New York, and other literary clubs; v.-p. Ex Libris

Soc, London; Bibliog. Soc, London. Ad- dress: 78 Vernon St., Hartford, Conn. ALLEN, Charles Herbert, gov. Porto Rico since April 18, 1900; b. Lowell, Mass., April 15, 1848; grad. Amherst, 1869 (A. M.); LL. D., Amherst, 1900; in business as lumber mcht. at Lowell. Served in both branches Mass. legislature; mem. Congress, 1885-9; Rep. candidate for gov. Mass., 1891; defeated; asst. sec. U. S. navy, 1898-1900. Address: San Juan, Porto Rico.

ALLEN, Dudley P., M. D., prof, theory and practice of surgery and clinical surgery, Med. Coll., Western Reserve Univ.; b. Kins- man, O., March 25, 1852; grad. Oberlin, 1875 (A. M., 1879); grad. med. dept. Harvard, 1880; m. Aug. 4, 1892, Elizabeth S. Sever- ance. Visiting surgeon, Lakeside Hosp. ; con- sulting surgeon, Charity and Citp hosps., Cleveland; mem. Am. Surg. Ass'n. Address: 278 Prospect St., Cleveland, O.

ALLEN, Edward Archibald, prof. Eng- lish language and literature, Univ. of Mo., since 1885; b. Suffolk, Va., Oct. 3, 1843; ed. Dr. Gessner Harrison's Classical School, Randolph-Macon Coll., and Univ. of Va. (hon. Litt. D. Washington and Lee Univ.); m. Liberty, Va., 1872, Priscilla Armistead Saunders. Prof. English and modern lan- guages Central Coll., Fayette, Mo., 1881-5; contributor to leading edn'l and literary journals; mem. Sons Am. Revolution; Mod- ern Language Ass'n of America; Grammat- ical Soc. of England. Address: 900 Conley Av., Columbia, Mo.

ALLEN, Edward P., R. C. bishop; b. Lowell, Mass., March 17, 1853; .y. John and Mary (Egan) A. ; grad. Mount St. Mary's Coll., Emmitsburg, Md., June 26, 1878, fol- lowed by 4 yrs.' course in theology. Or- dained priest Dec. 17, 1881. Remained at Mount St. Mary's as prof, until spring of 1882; then became asst. at the Cathedral at Boston, and later at Framingham, Mass. ; pres. Mount St. Mary's Coll. from 1884 until consecrated, May 16, 1897, 5th bishop of Mo- bile, Ala. Address: Mobile, Ala.

ALLEN, Edwin West, asst. director, Of- fice of Expt. Stas., U. S. Dept. of Agr. ; 6. Amherst, Mass., Oct. 28, 1864; grad. Mass. Agr'l Coll., 1885 (B. S., Boston Univ.; Ph. D., Univ. of Gottingen); m. April 2, 1890, Estelle Standish Perkins, Amherst, Mass. Author of various papers on agr'l chemistry and on history and work of agr'l expt. stas. ; now editor "Experiment Station Record," published by U. S. Dept. of Agr. Address: 1725 Riggs PL, Washington.

ALLEN, Elizabeth Alters, poet and mis- cellaneous writer; 6. (Chase) Strong, Me., Oct. 9, 1832. Began to write at 15 under pen- name "Florence Percy," under which she published her first vol. of verse, Forest Buds, 1855. Became contributor to Atlantic Monthly, 1858; wrote her famous poem, "Rock Me to Sleep, Mother," 1859. Was for several years literary editor Portland (Me.) Advertiser; frequent contributor to periodical literature; m. Paul Akers, the sculptor (died, 1861); 2d, 1865, E. M. Allen of New York. Author: Forest Buds from the

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

Woods of Maine, 1855 01; Poems by Eliza- beth Akers, 1866-8-9; Queen Catharine's Rose, 1885 01; The Silver Bridge, 1885 H5; The Triangular Society (prose), 1887; Two Saints, 1888 XI; The High-Top Sweeting, 1891 S3; The Proud Lady of Stavoren, 1897 XI; The Ballad of the Bronx, 1901 XI. Ad- dress: Tuckahoe, N. Y.

ALLEN, Ethan, lawyer; b. in Monmouth Co., N. J., May 12, 1832; .?. Samuel Fleming and Phoeby Goble A.; grad. Brown Univ., 1860 (M. A.); m. Aug. 20, 1861, Eliza Clagett, Washington (died, Feb. 8, 1899). Practiced law, New York, 1870-90; never lost a case. Recruited brigade for Civil war, but did not enter service; deputy U. S. atty. Southern dist. N. Y., 1861-69; chnin. Nat. Com. of Liberal Reps, to make Horace Greeley pres. ; pres. Cuban League U. S. ; retired from bus- iness, 1890. Author: Washington, or the Rev- olution (history Am. Revolution in dramatic form, blank verse; also in prose). Residence: 45 W. 52d St. Office: 115 Broadway, New York.

ALLEN, Fred Hovey, author, Congrega- tional clergyman; b. Lyme, N. H., Oct. 1, 1845; s. Philander and Rhoda (Lord) A.; grad. Hartford Theol. Sem. ; studied Boston Univ., Berlin, Vienna., Paris. Filled pastor- ates E. St. Ch., Boston; Olivet Ch., Boston; Abington, Mass.; 1st Ch., Rockland, Mass. One of founders and edited Lawrence, Mass., Eagle; editor and prop'r Suffolk Co. Jour- nal, Boston. Author and lecturer on art topics; mem. Boston Art Club, Soc. of Am. Authors; m. Auburn, Me., 1881, M. Cora Bumpus. Author: Glimpses of Parisian Art, 1882; Masterpieces of Modern German Art, 1884 E2; Modern German Masters, 1885 E2; Recent German Art, 1885 E2; Great Cathe- drals of the World, 1886; Famous Paintings, 1887; Grand Modern Paintings, 1888; Bow- doin Art Collection, 1887; Popular History of the Reformation, 1887 E2; Grand Modern Paintings, 1888. Edited various biog. and art works. Address: Rockland, Mass.

ALLEN, Frederick limes. U. S. Comm'r Patents since March, 1901; b. Auburn, N. Y., Jan. 19, 1859; *. William A.; ed. Auburn High School and Phillips Acad., Andover; grad. Sheffield Scientific School, Yale, 1879; class prize for mineralogy; m. Auburn, N. Y., June 3, 1884, Cornelia Margaret, d. Gen. William H. Seward. Studied law, admitted to bar, 1882; has since practiced patent law at Auburn. Home: Auburn, N. Y. Office: Patent Office, Washington.

ALLEN. Henry D., congressman 2d Ky. dist., 1899-1903; b. Henderson Co., Ky., June 24, 1854: attended Morganfield Coll. Inst.; reared on farm; taught in public schools un- til 1875; grad. Mo. Med. Coll., 1877; licensed to practice law, 1878. School comm'r Union Co., Ky., 3 yrs. ; co. atty. 9 yrs. ; has been mem. Dem. State Central Com. Married. Home: Morganfield, Ky.

ALLEN, Horace N., U. S. minister Korea since 1897; b. Delaware, O., April 23, 1858; grad. Ohio Wesleyan Univ. ; m. Frances A. Messenger. Was med. missionary Presby'n Ch. in China; went to Korea, 1884; saved

life of a Prince in a revolution; became med. officer to the Korean court; went to Washington, 1887, with first Korean lega- tion; returned to Korea, 1890, as U. S. see. of legation; promoted to be minister, 1897. Address: Seoul, Korea.

ALLEN, James Lane, author; b. in Ky., 1849; grad. Transylvania Univ.; taught in Ky. Univ. ; later prof. Latin and higher English Bethany, W. Va., Coll.; since 1886 given entire attention to literature. Author: Flute and Violin; The Blue Grass Region and Other Sketches of Kentucky; John Gray: a Novel; The Kentucky Cardinal; Aftermath; A Summer in Arcady; The Choir Invisible; The Reign of Law. Address: Care Macmillan Co., New York.

ALLEN, James Lane, lawyer, author; b. Lexington, Ky., March 3, 1848; grad. Beth- any Coll., W. Va., 1867 (M. A., 1880); taught high school; admitted to bar; practiced at Omaha, Neb., 1870-2; in Chicago since 1872; director Chicago public library; m. Jose- phine E. Fenkell, Waukegan, 111., 1870. Has written numerous mag. papers and sketches, including: Exodus of the Children of Ham; Aunt Viney's Story; The Horse-Shoe Bend. Author: Allen's Handbook of the Nebraska Code. Residence: 4050 Grand Boul. Office: 409 Ashland Bldg., Chicago.

ALLEN, Joel Asaph, curator vertebrate zoology, Am. Museum Natural History, since 1885; b. Springfield, Mass., July 19, 1838; studied at Wilbraham Acad.; then studied zoology under Agassiz, Lawrence Scientific School, Harvard (Ph. D., Ind. Univ.); m. 1st, Oct. 6, 1874, Mary Manning Cleveland (died April 17, 1879); 2d, April 27, 1886, Susan A. Taft. Was with several expe- ditions, later asst. in ornithology, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard, until 1885. Was first pres. Am. Ornithologists' Union, 1883-90; mem. Nat. Acad. Sciences since 1876; corr. mem. Zool. Soc, London; foreign mem. British Ornithologists' Union, etc. Author: History of North American Pinni- peds, U6; Monographs of North American Rodentia (with Elliot Coues, U6) ; etc. Editor: Bulletin of the Nuttall Ornithological Club, 1876-83; The Auk (ornithological quarterly), 1884-1901; Bulletin and Memoirs, Am. Mu- seum Natural History, 1889-1901. Has writ- ten hundreds of contributions (monographs, articles, reviews) on researches in mammal- ogy and ornithology. Address: Am. Museum of Nat. History, New York.

ALLEN, John Beard, ex-U. S. senator, lawyer; b. Crawfordsville, Ind., May 18, 1845; ed. Wabash Coll.; served private 135th Ind. vols., Civil war; after war in Ro- chester, Minn., until 1870; admitted to bar; removed to Washington Ty., 1870; U. S. atty. for Washington Ty., 1878-85; was re- porter for Territorial and U. S. courts for years; author 1st volume of Washing- ton Territory Reports; elected to Congress for term 1889-91, but resigned on being elected U. S. senator on admission of Wash- ington as State; took his seat, Dec. 2, 1889; term expired March 3, 1893. Now practicing law in firm of Struve, Allen, Hughes & Mc- Micken. Address: Seattle, Wash.

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

ALLEN, .J oli 11 ,Ioh 11 sou. lawyer; b. Utica, N. Y., Aug. 4, 1842; s. Joseph Dana and Eliza R. (Johnson) A. ; grad. Univ. of Vt. (A. B., 1862; A. M., 1865); Columbia Law School (LL. B., 1866); admitted to bar, 1866; m. Newark, N. J., June 30, 1870, Louise A. Shaler. Acting provost marshal, 1865; asst. U. S. dist. atty., 1866-73; mem. assembly, 1874; U. S. chief supervisor of elections, 1874-93; U. S. comm'r, 1874-1901; master in chancery, U. S. courts, 1874-1901; counsel to various corporations. Residence: Hotel St. George, Brooklyn. Summer Residence: Bur- lington, Vt. Office: 203 Montague St., Brook- lyn.

ALLEN, John Kermott, journalist; 6. Chelsea, Mich., May 9, 1858; J. John M. and Nancy (Bancroft) A.; ed. Grass Lake, Mich., 1864-76; sp'l studies political econo- my, Univ. of Chicago; m. Biddeford, Me., July 31, 1882, Lillie Morton. Chief clerk Mich. State Bd. of Health, 1878-83; editor The Sanitary News, Chicago, 1883-8; editor American Storekeeper, 1888-91; editor and publisher Domestic Engineering, Chicago, 1891. Has written many articles on sanita- tion in various journals. Ex-pres. Am. Trade Press Ass'n, hon. mem. Chicago Ar- chitects' Club; mem. Chicago Press Club; Chicago Congregational Club, and Nat. Lib- eral Club, London. Residence: 798 Monroe St. Office: 64 N. Jefferson St., Chicago.

ALLEN, John M., ex-congressman, lawyer; b. Tishomingo Co., Miss., July 8, 1847; ed. common schools; private C. S. army, 1861-5; grad. Univ. of Miss., LL. B., 1870; estab- lished practice as lawyer at Tupelo, Miss. ; dist. atty. 1st jud. dist., Miss., 1875-9; mem. Congress, 1885-1901, 1st Miss, dist.; Dem.; widely known for the humorous flavor of his speeches. Address: Tupelo, Miss.

ALLEN, John Robert, prof, mental and moral philosophy Southwestern Univ. since 1892; b. Iredell Co., N. C. ; childhood in Chickasaw Co., Miss.; grad. Southern Univ., Greensboro, Ala., 1873 (D. D., 1891). M. E. South clergyman in North Miss. Conf., 1873-5; after that in Tex., as pastor and pre- siding elder; had charge of Ladies' Annex, Southwestern Univ., 1892-1900; m. Oct. 3, 1878, Mollie Crutchfleld. Author: Man, Mon- ey and the Bible, M12; Form Book for Methodist Church Courts (later edition named The Itinerant's Guide), M12. Address: Georgetown, Tex.

ALLEN, John Stevenson, clergyman; b. Mercer, Pa., Oct. 20, 1857; .?. Cochran and Elizabeth (Wilson) A. ; grad. Westminster Coll., Pa., 1882; Union Theol. Sem., New York, 1885; nt. June 6, 1888, Edith Hedden, Orange, N. J. Pastor Presby'n Ch., West- chester, N. Y., 1885-8; Presby'n Ch., Pater- son, N. Y., 1888-92; New York Av. Reformed Ch., Newark, since Oct. 1, 1892. Address: 100 New York Av., Newark, N. J.

ALLEN, Lyman Whitney, Presbyterian clergyman; b. St. Louis, Nov. 19, 1S54; j. George Otis and Julia Olds (Whitney) A. ; grad. Washington Univ., St. Louis (A. M.); studied theol. Princeton Theol. Sem. ; post- graduate studies Princeton Univ. (D. D.,

Univ. of Wooster) ; in ministry since 1880; m. Sept. 5, 1880, Myra, d. Archibald Steele Irwin, St. Louis. Now pastor South Park Presby'n Ch., Newark, N. J.; mem. Soc. Am. Authors; chaplain N. J. Soc. Sons Am. Rev- olution; mem. Princeton Club, New York; director Bd. of Home Missions, Presby'n Ch., New York. Author: Abraham Lincoln; The Star of Sangamon (the New York Her- ald's $1,000 prize poem), 1895 P2. Has writ- ten many poems and articles, notably, The Coming of His Feet (poem). Address: 41 Spruce St., Newark, N. J. ALLEN, Stephen Haley, lawyer; b. Sin- clairville, N. Y., March 19, 1847; J. Caleb Johnson and Emily (Haley) A.; ed. at home; studied law; admitted to bar, Buffalo, N. Y., May 5, 1869; m. Dec. 24, 1872, Lucina A. Smith. Located in Pleasanton, Kan., Feb. 1, 1870, and began practice; co. atty. Linn Co., 1874; judge 6th jud. dist., 1890-2; asso. justice Supreme Court Kan. (by combined vote of Populists and Democrats), 1892-9; now practicing law. Address as pres. Kan. State Bar Ass'n. on The Federal Judiciary, published 1899. Residence: 424 Greenwood Av. Office: 501 Jackson St., Topeka. Kan.

ALLEN, Thomas, landscape and animal painter; b. St. Louis, Oct. 19, 1849; ed. com- mon schools and Washington Univ., St. Louis; grad. Royal Acad., Diisseldorf, Ger- many, 1877; studied 3 yrs. in France; 1st exhibited at Nat. Acad. Design, New York, 1877; at salons in Paris, 1882, 1887 and 1889. Became mem. Soc. Am. Artists, 1880; asso. Nat. Acad., 1884; resided in Boston since .1883; m. 1st, 18S0, Eleanor G., d. Prof. J. D. Whitney, Cambridge; 2d, 1884, Alice, d. Hon. A. A. Ranney, Boston; pres. Paint and Clay Club and Boston Soc. Water Color Painters; v.-p. Boston Art Students' Ass'n; mem. per- manent com., School of Drawing and Paint- ing, Boston Museum of Fine Arts. Was a judge of awards, World's Columbia Exp'n. Address: 12 Commonwealth Av.. Boston.

ALLEN, Thomas Grant, M. D. ; b. Leeds Co., Ont., Oct. 14, 1863; grad. Queen's Univ., Kingston, Ont., 1888 (gold medalist, first- class honorman chemistry; M. A., 1889); M. D., Northwestern Univ., Chicago, 1898; in. July 10, 1890, Nettie Mabel Fralick, Toron- to, Ont. Demonstrator and instr. Queen's Univ., 1888-9; science master in Seaforth and Ingersoll, Ont., 1890-3; prof, chemistry Armour Inst, of Technology, 1894-8; Univ. Extension lecturer on chemistry, Univ. of Chicago, 1895-8. Address: 57th St., cor. Madi- son Av., Chicago.

ALLEN, Timothy Field, M. D. ; b. West- minster, Vt., April 24, 1837; grad. Amherst Coll., 1858 (LL. D., Amherst, 1885); M. D., Univ. City of New York, 1861; M. D., Univ. of State of N. Y. and Hahnemann Med. Coll., Phila., 1865; acting asst. surgeon, U. S. A., 1862-4. Prof, materia medica and dean New York Homoe. Med. Coll. ; pres. bd. trustees N. Y. Homoe. Med. Coll. ; long sur- geon in and now pres. of New York Oph- thalmic Hosp. ; fellow, N. Y. Acad, of Sciences. Author of numerous works on ma- teria medica, botany, oDhthalmology, etc.;

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

m. 18G2, Julia Bissell. Address: 3 E. 48th St., New York.

ALLEN, Viola, actress; b. in the South; d. C. Leslie A., character actor, of old Bos- ton family, and Sarah (Lyon) A., English- woman of good descent; went to Boston when 3 yrs. old; ed. in Boston, and at Wyk- ham Hall, Toronto, and boarding school in New York. Made debut, Madison Sq. Thea- tre, New York, in Esmeralda, at age of 15; after few months joined John McCullough Company, playing Virginia, Desdemona, Cordelia, etc. Subsequently played leading classical, Shakespearean and comedy roles with Lawrence Barrett, Tommaso Salvini, Joseph Jefferson and William J. Florence. Leading lady at Boston Museum for a sea- son; also at Empire Theatre in 1893, and 4 yrs. following, creating and playing roles in "Liberty Hall," "Sowing the Wind," "The Masqueraders," "Under the Red Robe," etc. Starred, 1898, as Gloria Quayle in "The Christian," by Hall Caine, and in 1900, pro- duced "In the Palace of the King," by F. Marion Crawford and Lorimer Stoddard. Permanent Address: Care of Lieber & Co., Knickerbocker Bldg., 1402 Broadway, New York.

ALLEN, Walter, journalist, author; b. Boston, Mass., March 21, 1840 (descendant Walter A., Newbury, Mass., 1640); grad. Yale, 1863 (A. M., 1893); acting asst. pay- master U. S. N., 1864-5; m. Grace Mason Weston, of New Braintree, Mass. Employed as corr., writer and editor on Cairo, 111., Times, New York Herald, Cincinnati Ga- zette, Boston Advertiser, Portland, Me., Press, New York World, New York Times. Contributor to other papers and to New England Mag., Atlantic Monthly, etc. Was clerk U. S. senate Com. on Indian Affairs; mem. comm'n apptd. by President Hayes to investigate condition of Ponca Indians; now editorial writer Boston Herald. Mem. Mil. Order Loyal Legion. Was in sp'l ser- vice, New York, New Haven & Hartford R. R. Co., 1895-9. Asst. editor Webster's International Dictionary. Author: Governor Chamberlain's Administration in South Carolina, P2; Life of General Ulysses S. Grant (Riverside Biog. Series), H5. Resi- dence: Newton Highlands. Mass.

ALLEN, William Vincent, ex-U. S. sen- ator, lawyer; b. Midway, Madison Co., O., Jan. 28, 1847; removed with family to Iowa, 1857; ed. in common schools and Upper Iowa Univ.; private 32d Iowa inf. in Civil war; admitted to bar May 31, 1869; practiced law in Iowa until 1884; after that in Neb., until elected judge dist. court, 9th jud. dist. Neb., in 1891; U. S. senator from Neb., 1893-9. Permanent pres. Populist State Conv., 1892 and 1894; permanent pres. Populist Nat. Conv., 1896, and now mem. of Exec. Com. of Populist Nat. Com. Address: Madison, Neb.

ALLEN, Willis Boyd, author; b. Kit- tery Point, Me., July 9, 1855; grad. Har- vard, 1878 (Boston Univ., LL. B.). Author: The Red Mountain of Alaska; Pine Cones; Silver Rags; Kelp; In the Morning (verse); The Mammoth Hunters; Navy Blue; The

Head of Pasht; also other books, making a total of 35, mostly for young people. Un- married. Residence: 477 Commonwealth Av. Office: 87 Court St., Boston.

ALLERTON, Samuel Waters, capital- ist, mcht. ; b. Amenia Union, Dutchess Co., N. Y., May 26, 1828; reared on farm; ed. common schools; dealer in live stock in N. Y., 1852-6; since then in Chicago. Has ex- tensive interests in the stock yards at Chi- cago, Omaha, St. Louis, Pittsburg, Phila., Jersey City and Baltimore; also owns 40,000 acres of stock farms in 111., Ohio and Iowa; formerly pres. Allerton Packing Co., Chi- cago; candidate for mayor of Chicago, 1893; Rep. Residence: 1936 Prairie Av. Office: 710 Old Colony Bldg., Chicago.

ALLIN, Roger, ex-gov. N. Dak. ; b. Brad- worthy, England, Dec. 18, 1848; ed. Canadi- an common and high schools; lived in Cana- • da until 1878, then in Mich, until 1879, when he settled in Dakota, filing on land he now farms. Mem. Territorial Council, 1886-9; Constitutional Conv., 1889; 1st legislative as- sembly N. Dak., 1889; It. -gov., 1890; gov. N. Dak., 1894-7; Rep.; m. March 22, 1881, Isa- bella McKenzie, Grand Forks, N. D. Re- sides on his farm nr. Grafton, N. Dak.

ALLINSON, Francis Greenleaf, prof, classical philology Brown Univ. since 1898; b. Burlington, N. J., 1856; s. William J. and Rebecca W. A.; grad. Haverford Coll., 1876 (A. M. by exam., 1879); Harvard Univ. (A. B., 1877); hon. A. M., Williams Coll., 1895; Ph. D., Johns Hopkins, by exam., 1880; fel- low Johns Hopkins Univ., 1877-80; m. Balti- more, Sept. 10, 1885, Mary Irwin Carey; asst. prof. Greek and Latin, Haverford Coll., 1880-2; head master classics, Univ. School, Baltimore, 1882-91; asst. prof. Greek and Latin, Williams Coll., 1892-5; asso. prof. Greek, Brown Univ., 1895-8. Author: Greek Prose Composition, 1895 A5; has written con- tributions to Am. Jour, of Philology, vols. I to 14; trans, and proc. of Am. Philol. Ass'n, vol. 27; transl. from Bacchylides, Century Mag., April, 1898; Lucianea, Harvard Stud- ies in Class, Philology, 1901. Address: 434 Brook St., Providence, R. I.

ALLISON, James, supt. House of Refuge, Cincinnati; long in plumbers' supplies busi- ness; director of Centennial Exp'n Ohio Val- ley, 1888; chief dept. manufactures, World's Columbia Exp'n. Address: 2515 Ingleside Av., Cincinnati.

ALLISON, William Boyd, U. S. senator, Iowa, 1873-1903; b. Perry, O., March 2, 1829; lived on farm in boyhood; ed. Allegheny Coll., Pa., and Western Reserve Coll., O. ; practiced law in Ohio until 1857; afterward in Dubuque, la.; delegate to Nat. Rep. Conv., Chicago, 1860; mem. gov.'s staff and raised troops for Civil war, 1861; mem. Con- gress, 1863-71; Rep. Has been a leading can- didate for President of the United States in several Nat. Rep. Con vs. Home: Dubuque, Iowa.

ALLMOND. Marens Blakey, prof. Latin and German, Hampden-Sidney Coll., since 1900; b. Stanardville, Va., Aug. 17, 1851; .y. Alfred D. and Jane Allen (Blakey) A.; grad.

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

Univ. of Va., 1875 (rnag. medalist), A. M., LL. D.; m. Prince William Co., Va., June 30, 1879, Virginia Carey, d. Capt.. William Meade and niece Bishop William Meade of Va. Formerly prof, ancient languages Male High School, Louisville, Ky., and prof, mental and moral science and modern lan- guages, Southwestern Univ., and head mas- ter Univ. School, Louisville. Author: Bstelle, an Idyl of Old Virginia; Agricola, an East- er Idyl; Fairfax, My Lord, an Historical Poem'; Outlines of Latin Syntax; Addresses and Lectures; Miscellaneous Poems, XI. Address: Hampden-Sidney Coll., Va.

ALLPORT, Frank, M. D., eye and ear

surgeon; b. Watertown, N. Y., Feb. 22, 1855; ed. at Chicago Univ. and Racine Coll. ; grad. Chicago Med. Coll., 1876; studied medicine at Heidelberg, Germany, 2 yrs. ; m. Oct. 26, 1880, Kate A. Ellwood, Sycamore, 111. Prac- ticed gen. medicine, Sycamore, 111., for 5 yrs. ; eye and ear surgery in Minneapolis, 13 yrs.; since then in Chicago. When in Min- neapolis was prof, clinical ophthalmology and otology, Minn. State Univ., and eye and ear surgeon to many hosps., insts., rys., etc. Now prof, ophthalmology and otology to Northwestern Univ. Woman's Med. Coll., and to the Chicago Polyclinic; eye and ear surgeon to St. Luke's and St. Joseph's hosps.; consulting eye and ear surgeon to Chicago Bd. of Ed'n. Residence: Hotel Met- ropole. Office: 92 State St., Chicago.

ALMY, Frederic, lawyer, and sec. Char- ity Organization Soc. of Buffalo since 1894; b. New Bedford, Mass., Nov. 28, 1858; s. Charles Almy; grad. Harvard, 1880 (A. M., 1883); Harvard Law School, 1882-4; resident of Buffalo since 1884; admitted to bar, 1885; sec. Buffalo Civil Service Reform Ass'n since 1886; mgr. Buffalo Fresh Air Mission since 1893; mgr. N. Y. State House of Refuge for Women at Albion; trustee George Junior Republic; poet opening day Pan-Am. Exp'n, Buffalo, 1901. Joint author of libretto of comic operas, "Trilby" and "Orpheus and Eurydice"; and of "The Niagara Book." Residence: 140 North St. Office: 165 Swan St., Buffalo, N. Y.

AL.SCHULER, Samuel, lawyer; b. Chica- go, Nov. 20, 1859 ; .?. Jacob and Caroline A. ; family moved to Aurora, 111., 1861; ed. Au- rora High School ; unmarried. Was clerk in gen. store 2 yrs. ; studied law in office in Aurora; admitted to 111. bar, 1881; Dem. candidate for Congress, 1892— defeated; mem. State Comm'n of Claims, 1893-6; mem. leg- islature, 1896-1900; Dem. candidate for gov. 111., 1900, defeated. Mem. Chicago law, firm Kraus, Alschuler & Holden since Feb., 1901. Democrat. Residence: Aurora, 111. Office: 728 Unity Bldg., Chicago.

ALTGELD, John Peter, ex-gov. 111. ; b. Germany, Dec, 1847; brought to U. S. when 3 months old, his parents settling nr. Mans- field, O. ; ed. in public schools; entered Union army as private at 16; fought until close of war; taught school and studied law in Mo.; admitted to Mo. bar, 1869; elected State's atty., Andrew Co., Mo., 1874; re- signed, 1875, and moved to Chicago; unsuc-

cessful candidate for Congress, 1884; judge superior court, Chicago, 1886-91; gov. 111., 1893-7; his pardon of Fielden, Schwab and Neebe, known as "the anarchists," excited wide comment. Prominent advocate of free coinage of silver; Democrat; independent candidate for mayor of Chicago, 1899, de- feated. Author: Our Penal Machinery and Its Victims; Live Questions, etc. Address: 79 Dearborn St., Chicago. ALTON, Charles De Lancey, M. D. ; b. Kenosha, Wis., May 9, 1845; s. Conde R. and Carolan Esther (Turner) A. ; ed. Woodstock Acad., Conn., 1863; Phillips Exeter Acad., 1864-5; civil eng'r, 1865-74; grad. Bellevue Hosp. Medical Coll. (M. D.), 1875; interne Charity Hosp., Jersey City, N. J., 1875-6; m. 1st, Sept. 3, 1878, Jane Gray Skinner (died April 24, 1882); 2d, June 25, 1885, Minnie Moore Clarke. Medical referee for U. S. of the Conn. Mutual Life Ins. Co. since 1878. Treas. 10 yrs. Hartford Med. Soc; mem. Conn. State Med. Soc; Am. Med. Assn. ; Am. Climatol. Assn. ; Assn. of Life Ins. Med. Directors, etc. Has written: The Therapeutic Value of Mountain Forests, 1895; State Sanatoria for Tuberculosis Pa- tients, 1900. Address: 86 Farmington Av., Hartford, Conn.

ALTSHELER, Joseph Alexander, jour- nalist, author; b. Three Springs, Ky., April 29, 1862; ed. there and at Liberty Coll., Glasgow, Ky., and Vanderbilt Univ.; since leaving coll. on Louisville Courier-Journal and New York World; m. May 30, 1888, Sara Boles. Mem. Authors Club. Author: The Rainbow of Gold and The Hidden Mine (both for boys) ; also American historical novels; The Sun of Saratoga; In Hostile Red; A Soldier of Manhattan; The Last Rebel; A Herald of the West; My Captive; In Circling Camps. Residence: 320 Manhat- tan Av. Office: The World, New York.

ALVET, Richard Henry, chief justice court of appeals, D. C, since April, 1893; b. southern Md., March, 1826; ed. St. Mary's Co., Md. ; clerk in clerk's office, Charles Co., Md., 1844-50; admitted to bar, 1849; moved to Western Md. and engaged in prac- tice at Hagerstown, 1850; one of Pierce presidential electors, 1852; mem. Md. State Constitutional Con v., 1867; chief judge 4th jud. circuit and a judge Md. court of ap- peals, 1867-83; chief justice Md. court of ap- peals, 1883-93; apptd. Jan., 1896, by Pres. Cleveland one of Venezuela Boundary com- m'n; m. 1862, Julia Hays. Home: Hagers- i town, Md. Official Address: Washington.

ALVORD, Henry Elijah, organized 1895, I and since then chief Dairy Div., U. S. Dept. ; of Agr. ; b. Greenfield, Mass., March 11, 1844; .?. late Hon. Daniel Wells A.; studied at Norwich Univ. (B. S., 1863; C. E., LL. D.); served private U. S. V., 1862, to maj. ! 2d Mass. cav., 1865; capt. regular army, 1866-72; m. Sept. 6, 1866, to Martha Scott I Swink. Farmed and taught agr. in Va., N. I Y., Mass., Md. and N. H. ; prof. agr. Mass. Agr'l Coll., Amherst, 1885-7; pres. Md. Agr'l I Coll., 1887-92; pres. Assn. ol Am. Agr'l col- leges and Exp't Stations, 1894-5; mem. In- I

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

ternat. Jury (and v. -p. class 40), Universal Exp'n, Paris, 1900; mem. Standing Comm'n for Internat. Agr'l Congress. Author: Am. chapters of "Dairy Farming," 1881 CI; and of numerous monographs and pamphlets of an agr'l nature. Residence: Spring Hill Farm, Lewinsville, Fairfax Co., Va. Office: U. S. Dept. of Agr., Washington.

AMATEIS, Louis, prof, fine arts as applied to architecture, Columbian Univ., Washing- ton, D. C. Address: 1717 19th St., Washington.

AMBAUES, Andrew Joseph, Roman C. priest, author; b. Beckenried, Canton of Un- terwalden, Switzerland, March 7, 1847; early ed'n there, later in Jesuit Coll., Feldkirch, Austrian Tyrol, and colleges at Brieg and Binsiedeln; theol. studies at sem. of Mentz, Hesse Darmstadt, and in 1872 at Archiepis- copal Provincial Sem., Milwaukee; ordained, 1872; served in various mission stations un- til 1886; since then pastor of St. Joseph's, Dodgeville, Wis. Author: The Devout Com- panion; Our Christian Duties; Floral Apos- tles, or, What the Flowers Say to Thinking Man. Also, in German: The Friend of Youth; Roses of Heaven; Guide to Our Ce- lestial Home. Address: Dodgeville, Wis.

AMBRUSTER, Watson, journalist; b. Phila., Aug. 19, 1842; ed. Pennington Sem., N. J., 1S56-7; Chester Acad., Pa., 1857-9; Univ. of Mich., 1359-G2; Law School Univ. of Mich., 1862-4; admitted to bar, but never practiced. On staff of Phila. Evening Tele- graph since June 16, 1866 (city editor, 1866-7; managing editor, 1868-97; editor-in-chief since April, 1897). Residence: 21 W. Phil- Ellena St., Germantown, Pa. Office: The Telegraph, Philadelphia.

AMEN, Harlan Page, prin. Phillips Exe- ter Acad, since 1895; b. Sinking Spring, Highland Co., O., April 14, 1853; s. Daniel and Sarah J. (Barber) A. ; ed. common and high schools, Ohio; Phillips Exeter Acad., 1872-5; grad. Harvard, 1879; hon. A. M., Williams Coll., 1886. Instr. classics, mathematics and English, 1879-82; instr. Latin and Greek and joint prin. and propr., 1882-95, Riverview Acad., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. ; prin. since 1895, and, 1895-9, also prof. Latin, Phillips Exeter Acad. Hon. mem. Am. Whig Soc, Princeton Univ., 1888; Executive Com., N. E. Assn., Coll. and Preparatory School, 1896; mem. Head-Masters' Assn. and of various edn'l organizations; mem. Am. Archaeol. Inst. ; Am. Philol. Soc. ; Am. Hist. Assn. ; pres. 1900, Harvard Teachers' Assn. ; pres. 1900, N. H. Assn. Acad. Teachers. Ad- dress: Abbot PI., Exeter, N. H.

AMEND, Bernhardt Gottwald, chemist; mem. firm of Eimer & Amend; v. -p. German Exchange Bank; mem. N. Y. Acad, of Sciences; N. Y. Chapter Am. Chem. Soc; N. Y. Mineralogical Club, and Am. Chem. Soc. since 1876. Address: 205 3d Av., New York.

AMES, Adelhert, soldier, ex-gov. of Miss. ; b. Rockland, Me., Oct. 31, 1835; grad. West Point, 1861; assigned to 5th U. S. art., pro- moted through grades to brig.-gen. vols. and bvt. maj.-gen. vols.; mustered out of vols., April, 1866; commissioned, July, 1866,

It. -col. 24th U. S. inf.; apptd. provisional gov. Miss., July 15, 1868, under reconstruc- tion acts; elected U. S. senator, 1870; elected gov. Miss., 1873, resigning 1876, when he removed to New York, later to Lowell, Mass.; apptd. brig.-gen. U. S. vols., Juno

20, 1S98, serving during war with Spain; m. to Blanche, d. late Gen. B. F. Butler, July

21, 1870. Residence: Lowell, Mass.

AMES, Charles Gordon, Unit'n clergy- man; b. Dorchester, Mass., Oct. 3, 1828; adopted .?. Thomas and Lucy A., Canterbury, N. H. ; ed. public schools and, 1847-9, Geau- ga Sem., Ohio (D. D., Bates Coll., 1896); m. 1st, March 28, 1850. Dover, N. H., Sarah J. Daniels; 2d, June 25, 1863, Cincinnati, Fanny Baker. Ordained, 1849, as Free Bap. ; passed in 1859 to the Unitarians; has preached in Minneapolis; Bloomington, 111.; Albany, N. Y. ; in Calif. 7 yrs. ; more recently in Phila. and Boston, succeeding late Dr. James Free- man Clarke as pastor of Ch. of the Disci- ples, Jan. 1, "1889. Has lectured extensively. Editor: Minnesota Republican, 1855-7; Chris- tian Register, Boston, 1877-80. Author: George Eliot's Two Marriages, 1886; As Nat- ural as Life, 1894; Poems, 1898 XI; also ser- mons serially, El. Residence: 12 Chestnut St., Boston.

AMES, Eleanor Kirk (Mrs.), author; b. (Ellen M. Easterbrooks) Warren, R. I., Oct. 7, 1831. Author: Up Broadway; Periodicals That Pay Contributors; Information for Authors; Beecher as a Humorist; Influence of the Zodiac Upon Human Life; Perpetual Youth; Libra, or What the Stars Told Eliza- beth; The Bottom Plank of Mental Heal- ing; Where You Are. Publisher and editor Eleanor Kirk's Idea, a monthly mag. devot- ed to the Science of Life. Address: Brooklyn.

AMES, Herman Vandenhurg, instr. Am. constitutional history, Univ. of Pa., since 1897; b. Lancaster, Mass., Aug. 7, 1865; s. Rev. Marcus A. ; grad. Amherst, 1888 (A. M., 1890; Ph. D., 1891, Harvard); post-grad, stu- dent Columbia, 1888-9; Harvard, 1889-91; Leipzig and Heidelberg, 1894-5; taught his- tory, Univ. of Mich., 1891-4; Ohio State Univ., 1896-7. Unmarried. Sec. Assn. of Colleges and Preparatory Schools of the Middle States and Md. since 1900. Editor: State Documents on Federal Relations, The States and the United States. Author: The Proposed Amendments to the Constitution of the United States (awarded, 1897, prize of Am. Hist. Assn.) ; also several hist, monographs and contributions. Residence: 210 S. 37th St., Philadelphia.

AMES, James Barr, dean Harvard Law School since 1895; b. Boston, June 22, 1846; grad. Harvard, 1868 (A. M., 1871); Harvard Law School, 1872 (LL. B. ; LL. D., Univ. City of New York and Univ. of Wis., both 1898, and Univ. of Pa., 1899); m. June 29, 1880, Sarah Russell, Boston. Taught in pri- vate school of E. S. Dixwell, Boston, 1868-9; tutor in French and German, Harvard, 1871-2; instr. in history, 1872-3; asso. prof, of law, 1873-7; prof, law since 1877. Compiled collections of cases on torts, pleading, bills and notes, partnership, trusts and surety- ship; author of numerous articles in Har-

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

vard Law Rev. and other law reviews. Address: Cambridge, Mass. AMES, John Griffith, P. E. clergyman, supt. documents, U. S. Dept. of the Inte- rior since 1874; b. E. Dorset, Vt., Dec. 11, 1834; .j. Benjamin and Lydia (Griffith) A.; grad. Williams, 1858; Theol. Sem., Ohio,

1863. Ordered deacon, P. E. Ch., 1863; or- dained priest, 1864; rector Ch. of the Re- deemer, Morristown, N. J., 1864-6; Christ Ch., Springfield, O., 1867-70; head of House of Evangelists, New York, 1870-3; m. Oct. 4,

1864, Elizabeth, d. Hon. Columbus Delano, Mt. Vernon, O. Author: Comprehensive Index of Publications of U. S. Gov't, 1889-93; also newspaper articles, reports regarding publications of the U. S. Gov't, check-lists of public documents, etc. Address: 1600 13th St., Washington.

AMES, Joseph Sweetman, prof, physics Johns Hopkins; b. Manchester, Vt., July 3, 1864; s. Dr. George Lapham A.; grad. Johns Hopkins, 1886 (Ph. D., 1890). Hon. mem. Royal Inst'n of Great Britain. Author: Theory of Physics, 1897; Manual of Experi- ments in Physics, 1898; Elements of Phys- ics, 1900; The Free Expansion of Gases, 1898; Prismatic Diffractive Spectra, 1898; Induction of Electric Currents, 2 vols., 1900, all Al. Editor-in-chief: Scientific Memoir Series, Al. Editor: Fraunhofer's Papers. Asst. editor Astrophysical Journal. Address: Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore.

AMES, Lucia True, (Mrs. Lucia Ames Mead) author; b. Boscawen, N. H., May 5, 1856; d. Nathan P. and Elvira A. Conducts adult classes in studies in Nineteenth Cen- tury Thought in Boston, and lectures on economic and social questions; active in woman suffrage and other advanced move- ments; m. to Edwin D. Mead, Sept. 29, 1898. Author: Great Thoughts for Little Think- ers, 1890 PI; Memoirs of a Millionaire, 1890 H5; To Whom Much Is Given, 1898 C7. Address: 30 Pinckney St., Boston.

AMES, Rohert P. M., M. D. ; b. Spring- field, Mass., Oct. 20, 1857; ed. in public schools and private acad. ; grad. Jefferson Med. Coll., Phila., 1880; was resident sur- geon Jefferson and Phila. hosps. ; surgeon U. S. Marine Hosp. Service, 1881-90; now practices at Springfield; m. April 20, 1882, Mary, d. Dr. David Benson, Hoboken, N. J.; mem. Am. Med. Assn., Mass. Med. Assn. and Hampden Med. Assn. Address: Spring- field, Mass.

AMIDON, Charles Fremont, U. S. judge, dist. of N. Dak., since Aug. 31, 1896; b. Cly- mer, Chautauqua Co., N. Y., Aug. 17, 1856; grad. Hamilton Coll., 1882; went to Fargo, Dak., 1882; studied law; admitted to bar, 1886; mem., 1893, comm'n to revise code and statutes of N. Dak. Address: Fargo, N. Dak.

AMMIDOWN, Edward Holmes, mcht. ; b. Southbridge, Mass., Oct. 28, 1830; s. Holmes and Seraph Hodges A.; grad. Harvard, 1853; traveled in U. -S. and Europe several yrs. ; in mercantile business, 1860; became direc- tor in several banks, insurance cos., etc.;

pres. Seattle Power Co. since 1895; has written numerous political articles; Repub- lican; pres. Am. Protective Tariff League, 1885; chmn. Metropolitan Industrial League, 1882; presidential elector, 1884; apptd. comm'r at large for World's Columbian Exp'n by Pres. Harrison, but declined. Sev- eral of his addresses and reports on eco- nomic and political subjects have been pub- lished. Residence: 1109 Cherry St. Office: 601 Bailey Bldg., Seattle, Wash.

AMORY, Robert, M. D.; b. Boston, May 3, 1842; grad. Harvard, 1863 (A. M.); M. D., med. dept., 1866; and established practice at Brookline, Mass. ; apptd., 1869, lecturer at Harvard on physiol. action of drugs; after- ward prof, physiology, med. school, Bow- doin Coll. Author of volume on Poisons in Wharton & Stille's Med. Jurisprudence, and of works on physiology and therapeutics. Mem. Mass. Med. Soc, Am. Acad. Arts and Sciences, etc. Address: 279 Beacon St., Bos- ton.

AMOS, William Frederick, M. D. ; b.

Cleveland, O., Sept. 3, 1869; grad. Willa- mette Univ., Portland, Ore., 1890; Coll. Phys. and Surgeons, New York, 1892; ex- demonstrator anatomy and lecturer materia medica, Willamette Univ.; has held numer- ous hospital apptmts. ; surgeon for Pre- ferred, Standard, Fidelity & Casualty, Md. Casualty, Travelers' Protective Assn., etc.; mem. staff North Pacific Sanitarium; sec. Portland Med. Soc, 1894-5; sec. Pacific Coast Assn. of Med. Examiners; sec. Ore. State Med. Soc, 1895-1901, etc Unmarried. Author of monographs on Anaesthesia; Urinalysis in Surgery; Treatment of Gonorrhoea in Women; State Restriction of Dangerous Communicable Diseases, etc. Address: Port- land, Ore.

ANDERS, James M., M. D., grad. med. dept. Univ. of Pa., 1877; prof, theory and practice of medicine and clinical medicine, Medico-Chirurg. Coll. and Medico-Chirurg. Samaritan Hosp. Address: 1605 Walnut St., Philadelphia.

ANDERS, Thomas Jefferson, judge Su- preme Court of Wash, since 1889; b. Bloom- ville, O., April 4, 1838; attended Univ. of Mich.; grad. law dept., 1861; afterward taught school in Wis. ; went to Mont. Ty., 1864; located in Walla Walla, Wash. Ty., Nov., 1871, practicing law there until elect- ed, 1889, judge Supreme Court, at first State election; re-elected 1898; Republican; m. Dec. 10, 1873, Viola Hull, Walla Walla, Wash. Address: Olympia, Wash.

ANDERSON, Abraham A., artist; b. New York, 1847. Pupil of Bonnat, Carmon Ca- banel and Collin, Paris. Exhibited at Paris Exp'n, 1900. Address: 6 E. 38th St., New York.

ANDERSON, Charles Palmerston, P. E. bishop coadjutor of Chicago; consecrated Feb. 24, 1900; b. Kemptville, Canada; s. Henry and Maria R. A.; ed. Trinity Coll. School, Port Hope, Ont., and Trinity Univ., Toronto (D. D. same); m. Belleville, Ont., Sept., 1889, Janet Glass. Ordained, 1888; in charge Beachburg, Canada, 188S-91; Grace

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

Ch., Oak Park, 111., 1891-1900. Residence: 1825 Roscoe St. Office: 510 Masonic Temple, Chicago.

ANDERSON, Edwin Hatfield, librarian Carnegie Library, Pittsburg, since 1895; b. Zionsville, Ind., Sept. 27, 1861; grad. Wa- bash Coll., 1883 (A. M.); spent a yr. at New York State Library School, Albany, N. Y.; cataloguer, 1 yr., Newberry Library, Chi- cago; librarian 3 yrs., Carnegie Free Li- brary, Braddock, Pa., before becoming first librarian Carnegie Library, Pittsburg, Pa., of which he was organizer from beginning. Address: Carnegie Library, Pittsburg, Pa.

ANDERSON, Elbert Ellery, lawyer; b. New York, Oct. 31, 1833; ed. Harvard Univ.; traveled abroad, 1843-8; admitted to bar, 1854; prominently identified with reform campaigns in New York politics; a leader in the "anti-snap convention" movement, 1892; school trustee. New York; rapid transit comm'r, and comm'r in reference to ac- quiring lands for the Croton aqueduct and the elevated ry. ; director several ry. cos. and receiver Union Pacific Ry. ; senior mem. firm of Anderson & Warren, lawyers. Demo- crat. Residence: 11 W. 38th St. Office: 27 William St., New York.

ANDERSON, Galusha, prof, practical the- ology, Divinity school, Univ. of Chicago, since 1892; b. North Bergen, N. Y., March 7, 1832; grad. Rochester Univ., 1854 (S. T. D., 1866; LL. D.,1884; alsoLL. D., Madison Uni- versity— now Colgate University — 1884) ; grad. Rochester Theol. Sem., 1856. Bap. minister, Janesville, Wis., 1856-8; St. Louis, 1858-66; m. April 23, 1861, Mary E. Roberts. Prof. Newton Theol. Sem., 1866-73; pastor, Brook- lyn, 1873-6; pastor 2d Bap. Ch., Chicago, 1876-8; pres. old Univ. of Chicago, 1878-85; pres. Denison Univ., Ohio, 1887-90. Prof, in Bap. Union Theol. Sem., 1890-2. Residence: Arlington Av., Morgan Park, 111.

ANDERSON, John, publisher; b. Voss, Norway, 1836; brought by parents to Chi- cago, 1844; attended public school 1 yr. ; father died, and at 12 he had the support of a mother and baby sister placed upon him; became apple peddler, worked in butcher shop, carried newspapers; learned typeset- ting; became printer on Chicago Tribune; es- tablished "Skandinaven," a Norwegian news- paper, 1866; lost all in great fire, 1871; bor- rowed money and re-established paper; now the leading Norwegian paper of U. S., daily, Sunday and semi-weekly; also conducts large job printing office, bindery and book publishing dept. ; married. The completion of a third of a century by the Skandinaven was celebrated May 2, 1899, by a banquet at Chicago, attended by the representative Norwegians of the U. S. Residence: 646 Cleveland Av., Chicago.

ANDERSON, John Jacob, author; b. New York, Sept. 30, 1821; grad. Normal School, City of New York, 1846 (A. M., Rutgers Coll., 1867; Ph. D., N. Y. Univ., 1876); m. Aug. 3, 1848, Glens Falls, N. Y., Elizabeth S., d. Judge Seth C. Baldwin. Was teacher for 30 yrs., including 20 yrs. as prin. of a large public grammar school in New York.

Has traveled over North and Central Amer- ica, Europe and Africa. Author: Pictorial School History of the United States; Popu- lar School History of the United States; Manual of General History; Manual of An- cient History; Manual of Mediaeval and Modern History; History of France; History of England; The Historical Reader; The United States Reader; Grammar School His- tory of the United States; A Junior Class History of the United States. Is a life mem. of the L. I. Hist. Soc, and Nat. Edn'l Assn. Address: 343 Adelphi St., Brooklyn. ANDERSON, Joseph, Cong'l clergyman; b. in Ross-shire, Scotland, Dec. 16, 1836; s. William and Mary (Rose) A. ; grad. Coll. City of New York, 1854; Union Theol. Sem., 1857 (D. D., Yale, 1878); m. Jan. 24, 1859, Anna Sands Gildersleeve, New York. Has resided in Conn, since 1858, when he be- came pastor of the First Ch. in Stamford; pastor First Ch., Norwalk, 1861-4; pastor First Ch., Waterbury, since 1865; elected mem. of the Yale corporation, 1884; pres. Conn. Bible Soc. ; mem. Am. Antiquarian Soc; Am. Hist. Assn.; Am. Social Science Assn. ; Nat. Inst, of Arts and Letters ; has made special study of the antiquities and languages of Am. Indians. Editor and largely author of "The Town and City of Waterbury" (3 vols. 1896 Lll), and author of numerous published poems and of several books and pamphlets on local history, etc. Address: Waterbury, Conn.

ANDERSON, Lara, diplomat; b. Paris, France, Aug. 15, 1866; s. late Gen. Nicholas Longworth Anderson, of Cincinnati; lived in Washington in boyhood; grad. Harvard, 1888; spent 2 yrs. in travel around the world; second sec. U. S. legation, and em- bassy London, 1891-3; first sec. U. S. em- bassy, Rome, 1893-7; capt. and asst. adj.- gen., U. S. V., during war with Spain, 1898. Address: Washington.

ANDERSON, Mary, see Navarro, Mary An- derson de.

ANDERSON, Melville Best, prof, litera- ture, Stanford Univ., since 1891; s. Rev. Edward C. A.; b. Kalamazoo, Mich., March 28, 1851; studied Cornell Univ., 1S70-2; Univ. of Gottingen, 1875-6, and at Paris, 1876-7; was consecutively prof, at Butler Univ., Knox Coll., Purdue Univ., State Univ., Iowa, to 1891; tn. 1875, Charlena Van Vleck, Appleton, Wis. Translator, from French, of Paul and Virginia, Hugo's William Shake- speare, and other works; contributor to The Dial. Residence: Menlo Park, Calif. Office: Stanford Univ., Calif.

ANDERSON, Ha. sinus Bjorn, author; b. Albion, Dane Co., Wis., of Norwegian par- entage, Jan. 12, 1846; grad. Luther Coll., Decorah, la., 1866; Univ. of Wis., 1869 (LL. D., 1888); prof. Greek and modern lan- guages, Albion (Wis.) Acad., 1866; instr. languages, 1869-75; prof. Scandinavian lan- guages and literature, 1875-83; U. S. minis- ter to Denmark, 1885-9; m. July 21, 1868, to Bertha Karina Olson. Editor and publisher Amerika since Oct., 1898. Author: Norse Mythology; Viking Tales of the North;

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

America Not Discovered by Columbus; The Younger Edda; First Chapter of Norwe- gian Immigration 1821-1840; also many translations of Norse books, and author sev- eral works in Norwegian. Address: Madi- son, Wis.

ANDERSON, Thomas H., U. S. attorney. Address: Washington, D. C.

ANDERSON, Thomas McArthnr, maj. gen. U. S. V., brig. -gen. U. S. A., retired; b. Chillicothe, O., Jan. 22, 1836; j. W. Mar- shall and Eliza (McArthur) A.; grad. Mt. St. Mary's Coll., Md., 1855; grad. Cincinnati Law School, 1858; practiced at Newport, Ky. Entered Civil war as private 6th Ohio vols., later 2d It. 5th cav., capt. 12th regular inf.; maj. 21st inf. and 10th inf., lt.-col. 9th inf.; col. 14th inf., Sept. 6, 1886. In war with Spain, brig.-gen. vols., May 4, 1898; maj.- gen. vols., Aug. 13, 1898; brig.-gen. U. S. A., March 31, 1899. At different times comd. the dept. of the Columbia, a sub-dist. in Alaska, the first expedition to the Philip- pines, 1st div. 8th army corps, and May, 1899, the dept. of the Lakes, with head- quarters at Chicago; was v. -p. gen. of Sons of Am. Revolution; comdr. Oregon Com- mandery, Loyal Legion; 32d degree Mason; m. Elizabeth Van Winkle of New Jersey. Address: War Dept., Washington .

ANDERSON, Warren Edward, M. D. ; b. Marianna, Fla., Feb. 16, 1857; ed. Mari- anna Acad, and Knox Hill Coll. ; grad. Med. Coll. of Ala., 1882; m. Oct. 24, 1889, Cather- ine Hargis; served at Jacksonville in yellow fever epidemic; writer on nat. quarantine and other med. subjects; mem. Am. Med. Assn., etc. Address: Pensacola, Fla.

ANDERSON, Winslow, M. D., surgeon; collegiate ed'n (A. M.); (M. R. C. P., Lon- don, 1891; M. R. C. S., England, 1891; L. S. A., England, 1891); grad. med. dept., Univ. of Calif., 1884; Royal Coll. Phys., and Royal Coll. Surgeons, London, England; licentiate Soc. Apothecaries, London, 1891; surgeon St. Winifred's Hosp., San Francisco; ex-sec. Calif. State Sanitary Assn. ; mem. Am. Med. Assn.; mem. Calif. State Bd. of Health; pres. and prof, gynecology and abdominal surgery, Coll. of Phys. and Surgeons, San Francisco; editor Pacific Medical Journal; m. March, 1890, B. Lillian Collins. Residence: 2115 Pacific Av. Office: 1025 Sutter St., San Francisco.

ANDREWS, Addison Fletcher, musi- cian, musical mgr. ; b. Cavendish, Vt., April 2, 1857; S. Rufus F. and Mary Cornelia (Fletcher) A. ; removed to New York in boyhood; grad. Dartmouth, 1878; studied law; also studied violin with Godone and vo- cal art with Tamaro; was mem. Dartmouth Coll. Glee Club while at college, and trav- eled with it through New England; engaged in newspaper work on Tribune, Telegram, Commercial Advertiser, Graphic and other New York journals; later in musical jour- nalism; was asst. mgr. Carnegie Hall and the Symphony Orchestra, 1 yr. ; since then in business as musical mgr. ; founded Manu- script Soc. of New York. Composer songs, quartets, anthems, piano pieces, "Dart-

mouth Songs" (16 compositions for male voices), Tiny Tunes for Tiny People (30 songs for children), etc. Residence: 256 W. 57th St. Office: 18 E. 22d St., New York.

ANDREWS, Alexander Boyd, railroad official; b. Franklin Co., N. C, July 23, 1841; i. William J. A. Entered C. S. army as 2nd It. Co. E, 1st N. C. cav., June, 1861; wounded at Jack's Shop, Va., Sept., 1863; m. Sept. 1, 1869, Julia M., d. Col. Wm. John- ston, Charlotte, N. C. ; supt. Raleigh and Gaston Ry. Co., 1867-75; supt. N. C. Ry. Co., 1875-88; 3rd v.-p. Richmond & Danville Ry. Co., 1888-90; 2nd v.-p. same, 1890-4; 2nd v.-p. Southern Ry. Co., 1894-5; 1st v.-p. same since 1896; 5th v.-p. Nat. World's Fair Comm'n, 1890, and mem. of com. on awards; trustee Univ. of N. C. since 1885; director Citizens' Nat. Bank, Raleigh, N. C, since 1871, and v.-p. same since 1890; pres. various railroad cos. owned and operated by South- ern Ry. Co. ; director Raleigh Electric Co. since 1895; director N. C. Confederate Sol- diers' Home since its organization in 1891. Residence: 407 N. Blount St. Office: 14-20 W. Martin St., Raleigh, N. C.

ANDREWS, Annulet, (Mrs. J. Kingsley Ohl), poet, writer; b. Washington, Ga., Dec. 29, 1866; d. Dr. Henry F. Andrews; g.d. Judge Garnett Andrews, for many yrs. one of foremost judges on Southern bench; m. 1889, J. Kingsley Ohl. Contributed poems to Puck, Judge, Life, The Century, and other mags. ; editor Woman's dept. and staff con- tributor to The Atlanta Constitution, 1888-96; spl. contributor to Harpers', Munsey's and others; specialty, syndicated literary, dra- matic and personal correspondence from London, Paris and Washington to leading Am. Newspapers. Address: Cleveland Park, Washington.

ANDREWS, Avery De Lano, lawyer; b. Massena, N. Y., April 4, 1864; s. Hannibal and Harriet (De Lano) A. ; grad. Williston Sem., 1881; U. S. Mil. Acad., 1886, and com- missioned 2nd It., 5th art.; m. Governor's Island, N. Y., Sept. 27, 1888, Mary C, d. Lt.-Gen. John M. Schofield; admitted to bar, 1891; resigned from regular army, Nov., 1893, and has since practiced law in New York; eng'r officer on staff of Gen. Louis Fitzgerald, comdg. 1st brigade N. G. N. Y., Nov., 1893, to Jan., 1898; maj. comdg. squad- ron "A," N. G. N. Y., to Jan., 1899; apptd. lt.-col. U. S. V., May 9, 1898; adj-gen. N. Y. and chief-of-staff to Gov. Roosevelt, with rank of brig.-gen., Jan. 1, to Dec. 31, 1899; police comm'r, New York, 1895-8; now pres. Barber Asphalt Paving Co. Residence: Ards- ley-on-Hudson, N. Y. Office: 11 Broadway, New York.

ANDREWS, Charles, jurist; b. Whites- town, N. Y., May 27, 1827; academic ed'n at Cazenovia Sem. (LL. D., Hamilton, Co- lumbia, Yale); admitted to bar, Jan., 1849; dist. atty. Onondaga Co., 1853-6; mayor Sy- racuse, 1861. 1862, 1868; mem. at large, con- stitutional conv., New York, 1867. Elected asso. judge New York Court of Appeals, May, 1870; apptd. chief judge, 1881; re- elected asso. judge, 1884; elected chief judge, 1893; nominated by both parties, 1884 and

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

1893; retired by age limit, Dec. 31, 3897; m. May 17, 1855, Marcia A. Skankland. Address: Syracuse, N. Y.

ANDREWS, Charles Bartlett, chief jus- tice State of Conn.; b. Sunderland, Mass., Nov. 4, 1834; grad. Amherst Coll. (LL. D., Amherst, Wesleyan, Yale) ; mem. Conn, sen- ate, 1S68, and 1869; house, 1878; gov. Conn., 1879-81. Address: Litchfield, Conn.

ANDREWS, Charles McLean, prof, his- tory Bryn Mawr. Coll. since 1889; b. Weth- ersfleld, Conn., Feb. 22, 1863; 5. Rev. W. W. and Elizabeth Byrne (Williams) A.; grad. Trinity Coll. (Conn.), 1881 (A. M., 1890; Ph. D., Johns Hopkins, 1889); m. 1895, Evange- line Holcombe Walker. Author: The River Towns of Connecticut, 1889 Jl; The Old English Manor, 1892 Jl; The Historical De- velopment of Modern Europe, 2 vols., 189G, 1898 P2; also occasional articles in reviews and hist, journals. Address: Bryn Mawr, Pa.

ANDREWS, Christopher Columhus, lawyer, diplomat; b. Hillsborough, N. H., Oct. 27, 1829; attended Francetown Acad, and Harvard Law School; admitted to Mass. bar, 1850; went to Kan., 1854; later to St. Cloud, Minn.; State senator, 1859; on Doug- las electoral ticket, 1860; served in Union army, 1861-5; private to brig. -gen. and bvt. maj.-gen., retiring to St. Cloud; U. S. min- ister to Sweden and Norway, 1869-77; con- sul-gen., Rio de Janeiro, 1882-5; now chief forest fire warden of Minn. Author: His- tory of Campaign of Mobile; Brazil, Its Conditions and Prospects; Administrative Reform, etc. Furnished report on forestry of Sweden to U. S. Dept. State, 1872. Address: 833 Goodrich Av., St. Paul, Minn.

ANDREW'S, Clement Walker, librarian John Crerar Library since 1895; b. Salem, Mass., Jan. 13, 1858; grad. Harvard, 1879 (A. M., 1880); instr. chemistry, 1883-95, and librarian, 1889-95, Mass. Inst. Technology. Address: The John Crerar Library. Chicago.

ANDREWS, Edmund, surgeon; b. Put- ney, Vt., April 22, 1824; grad. Univ. of Mich., 1849; M. D. and A. M., 1852 (LL. D., 1880); m. 1st, April 13, 1852, S. Eliza Tay- lor; 2nd, April 25, 1877, Mrs. Frances M. Barrett. Demonstrator and prof. med. dept. same, 1852-6; surgeon 1st Regt. 111. Light Art. ; surgeon-in-chief Camp Douglas, Civil war; since then in practice in Chicago; was instr. in human and comparative anatomy, Rush Med. Coll. ; a founder and prof, sur- gery, Chicago Med. Coll. (now med. dept. Northwestern Univ.). Author of work on rectal surgery, etc. ; has been pres. HI. State Med. Soc, Chicago Med. Soc, Chicago Acad, of Sciences, Mitchell Dist. Med. Soc, etc. ; also surgeon in chief Mercy Hosp. and consulting surgeon 111. Hosp. for Women and Children, and Michael Reese Hosp. Residence: 3912 Lake Av. Office: 65 Ran- dolph St., Chicago. ANDREWS, Edward Gayer, M. E. bish- op since May 24, 1872; b. New Hartford, N. Y., Aug. 7, 1825; 5. George and Polly A.; grad. Wesleyan Univ., Conn., 1847 (D. D., Genesee Coll.; LL. D., Allegheny Coll.,

Meadville, Pa.). Entered M. E. ministry, 1848; pastor in Central N. Y., 6 yrs. ; teach- er and prin. Cazenovia Sem., 1854-64; pas- tor in Stamford, Conn., and Brooklyn, N. Y., 1864-72. Visited missions in Europe and India, 1876-7; in Mexico, 1881; in Japan, Ko- rea and China, 1889-90. Resided in New York since 1888. Was delegate to the Eng- lish and Irish Methodist Churches, 1894. Address: 150 5th Av., New York.

ANDREWS, Eliphalet Fraaer, director of the Corcoran School of Art; b. Steuben - ville, O., June 11, 1835; grad. Marietta Coll., 1853; studied art in Europe; pupil of Knaus and Bonnat, and of Diisseldorf Acad. Resi- dence: 1232 16th St., Washington.

ANDREWS, Elisha Benjamin, chancel- lor Univ. of Neb. since July, 1900; b. Hins- dale, N. H., Jan. 10, 1844; .s. Erastus A.; prepared for college; served private to 2d It. Union army in Civil war; wounded at Pe- tersburg, Aug. 24, 1864, losing an eye; grad. Brown Univ., 1870; Newton Theol. Inst'n, 1874 (LL. D., Univ. of Neb.; D. D., Colby Univ.) ; m. Nov. 25, 1870, Ella Anna Allen. Prin. Conn. Literary Inst., Suffield, Conn., 1870-2; pastor 1st Bap. Ch., Beverly, Mass., 1874-5; pres. Denison Univ., Granville, O., 1875-9 ; prof, homiletics, Newton Theol. Inst'n, 1879-82; prof, history and political economy, Brown Univ., 1882-8; prof, political economy and finance, Cornell, 1888-9; pres. Brown Univ., 1889-98. Because of criticism by trustees of his belief in free coinage of sil- ver, resigned, 1897, presidency of Brown, but the trustees asked withdrawal of his resig- nation and he complied. Supt. of schools, Chicago, 1898-1900. Mem. internat. monetary conf., Brussels, 1892; mem. Loyal Legion. Author: Institutes of Constitutional His- tory, English and American; Institutes of General History; Institutes of Economics,; An Honest Dollar; Wealth and Moral Law; History of the United States; History of Last Quarter Century in the U. S. Address: Univ. of Neb., Lincoln, Neb.

ANDREWS, Eliza Frances, author; b. Washington, Ga., Aug. 10, 1840; d. Judge Garnett and Annulet (Ball) A. ; grad. La. Grange Coll., Ga., 1857; (A. M., Wesleyan Coll., Macon); prof, latter, 1885-97; in poli- tics, Fabian Socialist. Author: A Family Secret, 1876; A Mere Adventure, 1878; Prince Hal, or the Romance of a Rich Young Man, 1882, all L5. Since 1882 has written only for mags, and periodicals, including short stories and the serials "How He Was Tempted," "In the Pine Lands of Georgia," "The Mistake of His Life," etc.; also nu- merous poems. Address: Washington, Ga.

ANDREWS, Ethan Allen, asso. prof. Johns Hepkins since 1892; b. New York, Sept. 10, 1859; .$. Horace and Julia Russell (Johnson) A.; g.s. Prof. Ethan Allen An- drews, lexicographer and editor Latin au- thors; prep, ed'n Tarry town (N. Y.) Inst.; grad. Yale (Ph. B.), 1881; grad. student Yale and Polytechnicum, Hanover, Ger- many; fellow Johns Hopkins, 1884-6; Ph. D., 1887; m. Phila., March 17, 1894, Sara Gwen- dolen Foulke. Asso. editor Am. Natural- ist since 1892; mem. Washington Acad. Sci-

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

ences; Am. Morphol. Soc. (v. -p., 1891-2). Has written biol. papers in various journals. Address: 821 St. Paul St., Baltimore.

ANDREWS, Garnett, lawyer; b. Wash- ington, Ga., May 15, 1837; descendant Maj. Wm. Andrews of Accomae Co., Va., (1633); grad. Univ. of Ga. ; in mil. service during Rebellion; practiced law at Yazoo City, Miss., until 1882; mem. Miss, legislature, 1879-80; removed to Chattanooga, Tenn., 1882; mayor of Chattanooga, 1891; m. Rosalie Champe Beirne, Monroe Co., W. Va., 1865. Author: Andrews' Digest of the Laws of Mississippi, etc. Residence: 508 Georgia Av. Business Address: llV/2 Market St., Chat- tanooga, Tenn.

ANDREWS, George Pierce, lawyer; b. N. Bridgeton, Me., Sept. 29, 1835; s. Solo- mon and Sibyl Ann A.; ed. Williston Sem., Easthampton, Mass.; grad. Yale, 1858; m. London, England, 1889, Mrs. Catherine M. Van Auken. Admitted to bar, 1861; asst. U. S. dist. atty., N. Y., 1859-65; asst. and cor- poration counsel, N. Y., 1872-84; asso. jus- tice supreme court, N. Y., 1884-1901. Address: County Court House, New York.

ANDREWS, George Wliitefield, clergy- man, educator; b. Wayne, Ashtabula Co., O., Feb. 4, 1833; s. John Calvin and Eliza- beth Crosby A.; grad. Oberlin Coll., 1858, (A. M.; D. D., Ripon Coll., 1886); grad. An- dover Theol. Sem., 1867; m. 1859, Harriet West. Taught school 5 yrs. in Bloomfield Sem., Ohio; preached in East Hampton and Collinsville, Conn. Since 1875 prof, the- ology, and since 1896 acting pres., Talla- dega Coll. Address: Talladega, Ala.

ANDREWS, Gwendolen Fonlke, au- thor; b. Bala Farm, Chester Co., Pa., June 26, 1863; d. William Parker and Julia De- Veaux (Powell) Foulke; ed. private schools; m. Phila., March 17, 1894, Ethan Allen An- drews. Author: The Living Substance, 1897 Gl. Contributor of biol. papers in Am. Jour. Morphology, etc. Address: 821 St. Paul St., Baltimore.

ANDREWS, Jolin Newman, brig. -gen. U. S. Vols., retired April 1, 1899; b. "An- drusia," Wilmington, Del., Sept. 16, 1838; grad. U. S. Military Acad., West Point, 1860; m. Lucy McEntee, Kingston, N. Y. Served through Civil war; bvtd. capt. for gallantry, Cedar Mountain; maj., for same, Franklin, Tenn.: and It. -col. Served since in Indian country and Spanish-Am. war. Address: Wilmington, Del.

ANDREWS, Lanncelot Winchester, prof, chemistry in collegiate and pharmacy depts., Univ. of Iowa, since 1885; b. London, Canada, June 13, 1856; .?. Alfred A. and Louisa A.; grad. Yale (Ph. B.), 1875; (A. M. ; Ph. D. ; Gottingen, 1882) ; graduate course in philosophy, history, etc., at Har- vard; in. 1883, Anna Ritter Lane. Taught in Springfield, Mass., High School, J.876-7; practiced as analytical chemist, Springfield, 1878-82; prof, chemistry Iowa State Coll. of Agr., 1884-5. Author: An Introduction to the Study of Qualitative Analysis, 1891 Ol; also many scientific papers. Address: Iowa City, la.

ANDREWS, Newton Lloyd, educator; b. Fabius, N. Y., Aug. 14, 1841; grad. Colgate Univ., 1862; (A. M., 1864); theol. dept., 1864; (Ph. D., Hamilton Coll., 1878; LL. D., Chi- cago Univ., 1883); m. 1st, Sept. 6, 1865, Cyn- thia S. Burchard, Hamilton, N. Y. (died, 1886); 2d, Dec. 27, 1888, Charlotte P. Har- bach, Newton Centre, Mass. Prin. prep, dept., Colgate Univ., 1864-9; prof. Greek, Colgate Univ., 1868; dean coll. faculty, 1880- 95; acting pres., 1890-5; since 1895 prof. Greek, and lecturer on history of art. Address: Colgate Univ., Hamilton, N. Y.

ANDREWS, Robert D., architect, firm of Andrews, Jaques & Rantoul; fellow Am. Inst, of Architects, 1891. Address: 1 Somer- set St., Boston.

ANDREWS, Samuel James, clergyman; b. Danbury, Conn., July 31, 1817; .s. Rev. William and Sarah (Parkhill) A.; grad. Wil- liams, 1839 (D. D., Union); m. April 15, 1850, Catherine A. Day, Hartford, Conn. ; admit- ted to Conn, bar, 1842; Ohio bar, 1844; stud- ied Lane Theol. Sem., Cincinnati; licensed to preach, 1846; ordained pastor Cong'l Ch., E. Windsor, Conn., 1848; dismissed because of loss of voice, 1855; entered ministry of Catholic and Apostolic Ch. (Irvingite) ; since then in charge of a congregation in Hart- ford, Conn. Author: Life of Our Lord Upon the Earth, 1862 S3; God's Revelations of Himself to Men, 1885 S3; Christianity and Anti-Christianity in Their Final Conflict, 1898 P2; The Church and Its Organic Minis- tries, 1899 F5; William Watson Andrews, a Religious Biography, 1900 P2; also various papers and reviews. Address: 956 Asylum Av., Hartford, Conn.

ANDREWS, William Given, P. E. cler- gyman; b. Kent, Conn., Oct 8, 1835; .?. Rev. William Watson and Mary Anne (Given) A.; grad. Marietta (O.) Coll., 1855 (A. M., 1858; D. D., 1885); Princeton Theol. Sem., 1859- 61; m. Washington, Dec. 11, 1895, Caroline Caldwell, d. late Rear Admiral T. A. Jenk- ins, U. S. N. Teacher (Peekskill, N. Y., Fairfield, and Hamden, Conn.), 1855-9; tutor Marietta Coll., 1861-2; officiated Princeton and Rocky Hill, N. J., 1862-6; teacher and clerical asst., Hamden, Conn., 1866-7; abroad 1867; rector Ch. of Ascension, New Haven, Conn., 1868-79; officiated Trinity Ch., Prince- ton, N. J., 1880; rector Christ Ch., Guilford, Conn., since 1881; instr. doctrinal theology (temp.), Berkeley Div. School, 1899; sec. New Haven Colony Hist. Soc, 1873-80; now life mem. same; mem. Am. Hist. Assn. Has made and published several addresses, con- tributions to newspapers and reviews, chief- ly on church history. Address: Guilford, Conn.

ANDREWS, William Loring, merchant, author; b. New York, Sept. 9, 1837; 5. Loring and Caroline C. (Delemater) A.; ed. in pri- vate schools; (hon. M. A., Yale, 1893); m. Oct. 17, 1860, Jane Elizabeth Crane. Trustee Bank for. Savings; director Continental Ins. Co. ; trustee and hon. librarian Metropolitan Museum of Art; hon. mem. 11th Army Corps Assn. ; mem. Nat. Acad, of Design, Metro- politan Museum of Art, Century Assn., etc. Author: New Amsterdam, New Orange,

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

New York; A Trio of French Engravers; Portraiture of the American Revolutionary War; etc. Address: 16 E. 38th St., New York.

ANGELL, Frank;, prof, psychology, Leland Stanford, Jr., Univ. since 1892; grad. Univ. of Vt., B. S., 1878 (L. H. D., 1892; Ph. D., Leipzig, 1891); teacher Washington, D. C, High School, 1880-7; asst. prof, psychology, Cornell, 1891-2. Address: Stanford Univer- sity, California.

ANGELLi, George Tliorndike, founder and pres. since 1889 Am. Humane Ed'n Soc. ; b. Southbridge, Mass., June 5, 1823; grad. Dartmouth, 1846; studied at Harvard Law School; admitted to bar, 1851; one of found- ers, 1868, and ever since pres. Mass. Soc. for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals; editor of "Our Dumb Animals," which he founded, 1868; promoted organizations for protection of animals in England, Chicago, and various States; has caused to be estab- lished over 44,000 "Bands of Mercy," and printed over 117,000,000 pages of humane literature in a single year; active also in movements for prevention of crime; for pre- venting sale of adulterated foods, etc. : di- rector Am. Social Science Assn. ; m. 1872, Mrs. Eliza A. Martin (b. Mattoon) of North- field, Mass. Address: 19 Milk St., Boston.

ANGELL, Henry Clay, M. D. ; b. Provi- dence, R. I., Jan. 27, 1829; grad. Hahnemann Med. Coll., Phila., 1853; studied 3 yrs. in Vienna Univ., Austria, and has since prac- ticed in Boston; for 20 yrs. prof, of ophthal- mology, Boston Univ. ; later pres. Philhar- monic Soc, Boston. Author: Diseases of the Eye; also other tech. books, and papers on literary and art subjects. Address: 16 Beacon St., Boston.

ANGELL, James Bnrrill, educator, dip- lomat; b. Scituate, R. I., Jan. 7, 1829; grad. Brown Univ., 1849; m. 1855, Sarah S. Cas- well, d. of the pres. Brown Univ. Prof, modern languages and literature Brown, 1853-00; editor Providence Journal, 1860-6; pres. Univ. of Vt., 1866-71; pres. Univ. of Mich, since 1871; U. S. minister to China, 1880-1, acting as comm'r in negotiating important treaties; mem. Anglo-Am. Internat. Comm'n on Canadian Fisheries, 1887; chmn. Cana- dian-Am. Comm'n on Deep Waterways from Lakes to Sea, 1896; apptd. minister to Tur- key, 1897, but resigned May, 1898. Author numerous addresses and articles in leading reviews. Address: Ann Arbor, Mich.

AXTHONY, Andrew Variek Stont, ar- tist, engraver, mag. writer; b. New York, 1838. One of foundation members New York Water Color Soc; one of organizers St. Botolph Club, Boston; mem. Century Club, New York, since 1866; had sole charge of il- lustrated work issued by Ticknor & Fields, and Fields, Osgood & Co., and their suc- cessors, 1866-89; projected and superintended publication of quarto illustrated edition Longfellow's Works ; has contributed articles, many illustrated by himself, to several mags. ; since 1894 connected with literary dept. Harper & Bros. Address: care Harper & Bros., Franklin Sq., New York.

A.NTHONV, Daniel Read, editor and

propr. Leavenworth Times; b. S. Adams, Mass., Aug. 22, 1824 (brother of Susan B. Anthony) ; ed. in common school Batten- ville, N. Y. ; worked for his father as clerk in store and in a cotton mill; removed to Rochester, N. Y., 1847, and to Kan., July, 1854; was It. -col. in Union army, 1862-3; ed- itor of Daily and Weekly Times for 40 yrs.; mayor of Leavenworth, 1863 and 1872; mem. Kan. legislature, 1873; postmaster Leaven- worth, 1874-85; gov't director Union Pacific R. R., 1886; m. Jan. 21, 1864, Annie E. Os- born, Edgartown, Mass. Address: Leaven- worth, Kan.

ANTHONY, Gardner Chaee, dean engi- neering dept., Tufts Coll., since 1898; b. Providence, R. I., April 24, 1856; j. David Chace and Sarah (Carpenter) A. ; ed. Eng- lish and Classical School, Providence, R. I. ; sp'l course in eng'ring, Brown Univ. and Tufts Coll., 1875-8 (hon. A. M., Tufts); m. Boston, June 25, 1879, Susan Pearson. Prac- ticed eng'ring, 1878-85, since then teaching; director mech. dept., R. I. School of De- sign, 1886; founded R. I. Tech. Drawing School, 1887; dean Bromfield-Pearson School and eng'ring dept. Tufts Coll., and prof, drawing Tufts Coll., 1893-8. Mem. Am. Soc. Mech. Eng'rs, Soc. for Promotion Eng'ring Ed'n. Author: Elements of Mechanical Drawing, 1893; Machine Drawing, 1893; Es- sentials of Gearing, 1897 H2. Address: Tufts College, Mass.

ANTHOXY, Susan Brownell (Miss), re- former; b. Adams, Mass., Feb. 15, 1820; d. Daniel and Lucy (Read) A.; ed. in school maintained by father for his own and neigh- boring children, Battenville, N. Y., and 1837-8 at Quaker Boarding School, West Phila. Taught school from age of 15 to 30; aided, 1852, in organizing the first State woman's temperance soc. ; became active in anti-slavery and woman's rights work; sec. Women's Nat. Loyal League during Civil war. Since war entirely devoted to the woman suffrage movement; founded, 1868, "The Revolution," exclusively woman's rights paper; managed it several yrs.; ar- rested and tried for voting under the Four- teenth Amendment in 1872; has been en- gaged in 8 different State campaigns for a constitutional amendment enfranchising wo- man; has been granted a hearing before committees of every Congress since 1869; has held high offices in Nat. Woman Suf- frage Assn. ever since its organization; now hon. pres. Nat. Am. Woman Suffrage Assn. Joint author with Mrs. Elizabeth Cady Stan- ton and Mrs. Matilda Joslyn Gage of "The History of Woman Suffrage" (4 vols.), A7, and has contributed to leading mags, and lectured in England and throughout the U. S. Address: 17 Madison St., Rochester, N. Y.

ANTHONY, William Arnold, prof, phys- ics, electrical expert; b. Coventry, R. I., Nov. 17, 1835; grad. Yale Scientific School (Ph. B.); m. 1861, Eliza Matilda Girven. Taught science at Providence Conference Sem., 1859-60; Delaware Literary Inst., Franklin, N. Y., 1862-7; prof, physics and chemistry, Antioch Coll., 1867-9; prof, phy-

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

ics Iowa Agr'l Coll., 1869-72; Cornell Univ., 1872-87; consulting electrician to Mather Electric Co., Manchester, Conn., 1887-93. Since 1893 consulting electrician, New York, and prof, physics, Cooper Union Night School of Science. Author: ("With Prof. Cy- rus Fogg Brackett of Princeton) Manual of Physics; also contributor to scientific periodicals; mem. and past pres. Am. Inst. Electrical Eng'rs. Residence: 313 W. 33d St., New York. Office: Cooper Union, New York.

ANTIN, Mary, author; b. Plotzk, Russia, June 13, 1883; d. Israel and Esther A.; ed. Chelsea, Mass., 1894-7; Boston, 1897-8, com- mon schools; now mem. class of 1902, Boston Latin School. Came to U. S. with family, 1894; went to school for first time that year. Wrote account of journey from Russia in Yiddish. Translated it into English; pub- lished in book form as: From Plotzk to Boston, 1899. Address: 6 Letterfine Terrace, Roxbury, Mass.

APPEL, Theodore, Reformed Ch. clergy- man; b. Easton, Pa., April 30, 1823; grad. Marshall Coll., Mercersburg, Pa., 1842, (D. D., Univ. of Pa.); m. 1854, Susan Burton; d. Rev. B. C. Wolff, D. D. Rector, 1845-50; pastor and prof, mathematics Marshall Coll., 1851-3; prof, mathematics, physics and astronomy, Franklin & Marshall Coll., Lancaster, 1853-77; acting editor, Mercers- burg Review, 1851-6; delivered popular lec- tures on astronomy at many places, 1873- 88; gen. supt. home missions Reformed Ch., 1878-86; editor Reformed Missionary Her- ald, 1880-6; also of Reformed Messenger, in part, 1888-93; retired since 1897. Author: Letters to Boys and Girls About the First Christmas at Bethlehem, 1886; College Rec- ollections, 1886; Beginnings of the Theologi- cal Seminary, 1886; Life and Work of Rev. John W. Nevin, D. D., LL. D., 1889. Edited: Lectures of Prof. William M. Nevin on the History of English Literature, 1895. Has contributed extensively to periodicals. Ad- dress: Lancaster, Pa.

APPLETON, Daniel, v.-p. D. Appleton & Co., publishers, and active mem. firm and co. since 1879; g.s. Daniel Appleton, found- er; 6. New York, Feb. 24, 1852; ed. New York and Carlsruhe, Germany; clerk, 1871-9; long mem. 7th N. Y. regt. ; promoted from capt. to col., July 18, 1889. Residence: 122 W. 72d St. Office: 72 5th Av., New York.

APPLETON, John Howard, prof, chem- istry, Brown Univ., since 1868; b. Portland, Me., Feb. 3, 1844; grad. Brown, 1863 (A. M., Sc. D.); instr. chemistry, Brown, 1863-8; past pres. Providence Art Club; v.-p. Am. Chem. Soc; mem. U. S. Mint Comm'n, 1891. Author: The Young Chemist; Qualitative Chemical Analysis; Quantitative Chemical Analysis; Chemistry of the Non-Metals ; The Metals of the Chemist; The Carbon Compounds, etc. Address: Providence, R. I.

APPLETON, William Hyde, prof. Greek and early English, Swarthmore Coll., since 1872; b. Portland, Me., June 10, 1842; grad. Harvard, 1864; Harvard Law School, 1869; hon. Ph. D., Swarthmore Coll.; mem. Am.

Philos. Soc. Author: Greek Poets in English Verse, H5. Address: Swarthmore, Pa.

APPLETON, William Worthen, pres. D. Appleton & Co., publishers, since incor- poration of firm as a co. in 1896, and the senior active mem. of firm for many yrs. before; b. Brooklyn, Nov. 29, 1845; .?. Wil- liam H. A.; fitted for Harvard but did not enter owing to ill health; traveled and stud- ied abroad; asst. in school-book dept. of firm, 1865; mem. of firm, 1868; later in charge of mfg. dept. ; has had special charge of editorial dept. and London office for many yrs. Like his father, he took an active part in securing internat. copyright and aided largely in securing passage of Copyright Act of 1891. Pres. Am. Publish- ers' Copyright League. Chmn. of library committee of New York Free Circulating Library, of which he has been a leading supporter; m. 1881, Anna D. Sargent, of Bos- ton. Address: 72 Fifth Av., New York.

APTHORP, William Foster, dramatic, musical critic; b. Boston, Oct. 24, 1848; grad. Harvard, 1869; studied pianoforte, harmony and counterpoint under J. K. Paine; piano- forte under B. J. Lang; in. 1876, Octavie Loir Iasigi. Taught in Nat. Coll. of Music, New England Conservatory and Coll. of Music (Boston Univ.) up to 1884. Musical critic Atlantic Monthly, 1872-6; Boston Sun- day Courier, 1876-8; musical and dramatic critic, Evening Traveler, 1878-80; Boston Evening Transcript since 1881; was critical editor Scribner's Cyclopedia of Music and Musicians. Author: Hector Berlioz, Auto- biography and Musical Grotesques; Musi- cians and Music-Lovers; Jacques Damour and Other Stories (translated from Zola) ; By the Way; The Opera, Past and Present. Residence: 14 Otis PI. Office: 324 Washing- ton St., Boston.

ARBEELY, Abraham Joseph, M. D., author; b. Damascus, Syria, 1852; s. Dr. Joseph A. Arbeely, prof, in Damascus, Bei- root and Lebanon colls. ; grad. Med. Coll. Protestant Univ., Beiroot, July 17, 1872, and Imperial Med. Coll., Constantinople, Nov. 7, 1874; m. 1885, Anna Mary La Fetra, War- ren Co., O. Served Ottoman gov't on comm'n of inquiry into causes and character of the Asiatic cholera, and his formula for its treatment was adopted throughout the Turk- ish empire. A founder and pres. Syrian- Greek Orthodox Ch. and Benevolent Soc. ; a founder and publisher of "Kawkab Amer- ica" ("Star of America," daily Arabic news- paper), published in New York. Author: A Complete Self-Teaching Manual of the Arabic and English Languages; also many articles in medical and other journals. Residence: 1425 8th St., N. W., Washington. Office: 108 Broad St., New York.

ARBUCKLE, John, business man; ed. Al- legheny, Pa. ; in 1871, with brother Charles (now deceased), established New York firm of Arbuckle Bros., which introduced on a large scale the roasting and grinding of cof- fees for sale in packages, becoming largest in country in that line ; now head of firm. Director Importers and Traders' Bank, and Kings County Trust Co. ; pres. Royal Horse

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

Assn., owning ranches in Wyo., etc. Resi- dence: 315 Clinton Av., Brooklyn. Office: Old Slip and Water St., New York.

ARCHER, Frederic, music director Car- negie Music Hall and city organist of Pitts- burg since 1895; b. Oxford, England, 1838; ed. there; studied organ; organist, 1852, St. Clement's Ch. and Merton Coll. Chapel, Ox- ford; continued studies and later became organist of Royal Panopticon, London ; joint conductor with Sir Julius Benedict of Lon- don Vocal Assn., 1S63; organist and choir- master, Christ Ch., Lancaster Gate, London, 1865; later, Ch. of Jesuit Fathers, and, in 1873, organist and orchestral and choral di- rector at Alexandra Palace; musical exam- iner Glasgow Univ., 1879, and conductor Glasgow select choir. In 1880 became organ- ist Plymouth Ch., Brooklyn, N. Y. ; later of Ch. of Incarnation, New York. In 1885 founded "The Keynote," of which he was editor. In 1887, conductor Boston Oratorio Soc. and director to club. Founded, 1896, Pittsburg Symphony Orchestra; also, since May, 1898, musical examiner Univ. of To- ronto, Canada. Has given many recitals and concerts in U. S. and Canada; conduc- tor; lecturer on musical subjects; also, since Jan., 1899, organist and choirmaster Ch. of the Ascension, Pittsburg. Mem. Social Science Assn. ; asso. mem. Nat. Inst. Art, Science and Letters. Author: Organ School, etc. Residence: 5525 Ellsworth Av. Office: Carnegie Music Hall, Pittsburg, Pa.

ARCHER, William, British author, critic; b. Perth, Scotland, Sept. 23, 1856; s. Thomas A.; grad. Edinburgh Univ., A. M. ; barris- ter, Middle Temple, 1883; journalist, Edin- burgh, 1875; traveled in Australia, 1876-7; in London since 1878; dramatic critic London Figaro, 1879-81; London World since 1884 visited U. S. to study Am. theatres, 1899 Author: English Dramatists of To-Day, 1882 Henry Irving, Actor and Manager, 1883 About the Theatre— Essays and Studies 1886; The Theatrical World (5 vols)., 1893-7 William Charles Macready (biography), 1890; Masks or Faces, A Study in the Psychology ef Acting, 1888; Study and Stage, A Year Book of Criticism, 1899, all F5; America To-Day, Observations and Re- flections, 1900 S3. Translations: Ibsen's Prose Dramas, F5 (with Capt. Charles Archer); Ibsen's Peer Gynt, F5; Gerhart Hauptmann's Hannele, F5; Nansen's Eski- mo Life, L4; Brogger and Rolfsen's Life of Nansen, L4; Brandes' William Shakespeare (vol. 1), H8; Kielland Tales of Two Coun- tries, HI. Address: Care The World, 1 York St., Covent Garden, London, England.

ARCHIBALD, Andrew Webster, Cong'l clergyman, author; b. New Kingston, N. Y., April 10, 1851; 5. Robert and Betsy (Hamil- ton) A.; grad. Union Coll., 1872, at head of class, with literary and oratorical honors (D. D., 1891); taught in Acad. Pulaski, N. Y., 1872-3; grad. Yale Divinity School, 1876; m. May 18, 1876, Julia Agnes Warren, New Haven, Conn. Pastorates in Iowa, at Nev- inville and Fontanelle (Zoked), Stuart, Ot- tumwa and Davenport, 1876-87 and 1888-92; at Andover Theol. Sem., 1887-8; pastor,

1892-7, Hyde Park, Mass. ; since 1897 of Por- ter Cong'l Ch., Brockton, Mass. Trustee Iowa Coll., 1889-99. Author: The Bible Veri- fied (4 editions, besides translations into Spanish and Japanese), 1890 P6; The Trend of the Centuries, 1901 P8, etc. Address: Brockton, Mass.

ARCHIBALD, Mrs. Geo., see Palmer, Anna Campbell.

ARCHIBALD, James F. J., war corr. ; b. New York, Sept. 22, 1869; .s. Dr. F. A. and Martha Washington (Jewell) A. ; grad. Ohio Wesleyan Univ., 1888; served in Chinese- Japanese war; with Gen. Miles through la- bor riots, in the Sioux campaign, and the last Apache campaign; vol. a. d. c. 5th army corps through Spanish war; on Gen. McKibben's staff in Santiago campaign; was on first scouting expdn. that landed in Cuba about a month before the Santiago expdn; first man wounded in war with Spain, being shot through left arm in an engagement that lasted about 3 hours; was in Chippewa campaign on Leech Lake and arranged surrender of the hostiles; with army of occupation of Cuba with staff of Gen. Ludlow; with British forces in Sou- dan, 1899; with Boer army in the South African war until occupation of Pretoria; wounded in battle of Pretoria; remained with British army 2 months. Hon. mem. Nat. Am. Red Cross for services in the field; Distinguished Service Order of U. S. A. for bravery in action; mem. Soc. of the Army of Santiago; Spanish Order of Merit; Mil. Order of Pretoria. Author: Blue Shirt and Khaki, S6; Tales from the Trenches. Residence: 966 18th St., Oakland, Calif. Ad- dress: Care H. R. Payne, 26 Broadway, New York.

ARCOS, Duke of, see Gayoso, Jose Bru- netti. •

ARDEJf, Edwin Hnnter Pendleton, actor, playwright; b. St. Louis, Feb. 13, 1864; common school ed'n; wen>; west, 1881; suc- cessively mine helper, cowboy, railroad brakeman, clerk, political clerk, reporter, theatrical mgr. Went on stage, Chicago, 1882, with Thomas W. Keene's co. ; since then with various companies; 9 yrs. a star, under own management, in Eagle's Nest, Barred Out, and Raglan's Way, of which he was either part or sole author. In 1889, produced his own play, "Zorah." Is now under Charles Frohman's management. Address: 70 W. 36th St., New York.

ARENS, Franz Xavier, composer, con- ductor and voice specialist; b. Neef, Rhen- ish Prussia, Oct. 28, 1856; emigrated to U. S., 1866; grad. Royal Conservatory of Mu- sic, Dresden, 1885; conductor, Cleveland, O., Philharmonic Orchestra, 1885-8; American Composers' Concerts in Europe, 1890-2; American Composers' Concert at Vienna In- ternat. Musical and Theatrical Exb'n; In- dianapolis May music festivals, 1892-6; pres. Metropolitan School of Music and prin. vo- cal dept. until 1897, when he removed to New York; 1898, conductor of New York Manuscript Soc. concerts; since 1900, con- ductor New York People's Symphony con- cert. Address: 305 5th Av., New York.

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

ARESTS, Albert, mining eng'r, metallur- gist; b. Clausthal, Germany, March 14, 1840; grad. School of Mines, Clausthal, 1858; stud- ied at Univ. of Berlin, Germany, for 2 yrs. ; came to U. S., 1865, under engagement to treat lead ores in Hampden Co., Mass.; since 1866 has practiced in West; introduced the rectangular large-sized lead-furnaces with boshes at Eureka, Nev., "which are the type now used by lead-smelters of U. S.; invented and patented modern "leadwell" or "siphon-tap" for lead blast furnaces; mem. Am. Soc. Mining Eng'rs. A widower. Address: 561 Railroad Av., Alameda, Calif.

ARKELL, William J., publisher; pub- lisher of Judge, Leslie's Weekly and Deni- orest's Family Magazine; also standard sub- scription books; director in several New York corporations. Republican. Residence: Canajoharie, N. Y. Office: 110 5th Av., New York.

ARLENT-EDWARDS, S., engraver, illus- trator. Address: Ducomb Av., Williams- bridge, N. Y.

ARMISTEAD, Henry Beanford, ex-sec. of state of Ark.; b. Upperville, Fauquier Co., Va., Oct. 19, 1833; grad. Va. Mil. Inst; went West and was in Rocky Mountains when Civil war began; went South; served private, C. S. army, 1861-5; since then mcht. and farmer; brig. -gen. Ark. militia during the Brooks-Baxter gubernatorial war, 1874; State senator, 1877-9; delegate Dem. Nat. Conv., 1884; deputy sec. State, 1889-93; sec. State, 1893-7. Address: Charleston, Ark.

ARMOUR, Herman Ossian, packer, com- mission mcht. ; resident New York mem. firm of Armour & Co.; b. Stockbridge, N. Y., March 7, 1837; brother of P. D. Ar- mour; in Milwaukee, Wis., 1855-62; grain comm'n mcht., Chicago, 1862; in 1865, leav- ing business in a brother's hands, went to New York to represent Plankington, Ar- mour & Co. Chicago firm of H. O. Armour & Co. began pork-packing, 1868, and in 1870 changed to Armour & Co., now the largest packing and provision enterprise in the world. Residence: 856 5th Av. Office: 201 Produce Exchange, New York.

ARMSBY, Henry Prentiss, director Pa. Agr'l Exp. Sta. since 1887; b. Northbridge, Mass., Sept. 21, 1853; grad. Worcester Poly- technic Inst., 1871 (Ph. D., Yale, 1879). Instr. chemistry, Worcester Polytechnic Inst., 1871-2; teacher Fitchburg, Mass., High School, 1874-5; asst. in chemistry, Rutgers Coll., 1876-7; chemist to Conn. Agr'l Exp. Sta., 1877-81; v.-p. Storr's Agr'l School, 1881-3; prof, agr'l chemistry, Univ. of Wis., 1883-7; chmn. Exp'n Com. on Exp. Sta. Ex- hibit, World's Columbia Exp'n, 1893, and Paris Exp'n, 1900; mem. Com. on Dairy Tests, same; pres. Ass'n Am. Agr'l Colls, and Exp. Stas., 1898-9. Author: Manual of Cattle Feeding; m. Oct. 15, 1878, Lucy A. Harding. Address: State Coll., Centre Co., Pa.

ARMSTRONG, David Maitland, genre and decorative artist; b. Newburg, N. Y., 1837; grad. Trinity Coll., Hartford, 1858; practiced law a few yrs.; studied art in

Paris and Rome; was 4 yrs. U. S. consul- gen, for Italy; direct. Am. Art Dept, Paris Exp'n, 1878; received decoration of Legion of Honor; mem. Soc. Am. Artists, Archi- tectural League, etc. Address: 61 Washington Sq. S., New York.

ARMSTRONG, Frank C, mem. Comm'n to treat with the Five Tribes in the Indian Territory; b. Choctaw Agency, Ind. Ter., 1835; j. Frank W. and Anne M. (Millard) A.; ed. Holy Cross Coll., Worcester, Mass.; went to Tex., 1854, and made a trip across State from Corpus Christi to El Paso with his stepfather, Gen. Persifer F. Smith, U. S. A. ; for bravery in an encounter with In- dians on this trip was apptd., June, 1855, It. 2d U. S. dragoons, serving in Tex., Kan. and Neb. until 1857, then went to Utah with Gen. Albert Sydney Johnston; resigned comm'n, 1861, and joined C. S. army; apptd. adj. -gen. under Gen. McCulloch in Ark., and after McCulloch's death, apptd. maj., and soon after elected col. 3d La. inf. Un- der orders from Gen. Bragg organized cav. command and engaged in Miss, and Ala.; attacked and captured Federal camp, Court- land, Ala., and afterward was successful in actions at Bolivar and nr. Denmark; apptd. brig. -gen. ; assigned to brigade under Van Dorn, and later under Forrest; comd. brig- ade during campaign in Tenn., and on re- treat to Chattanooga, took important part at Chickamauga, comd. cav. div. Moved with Longstreet to E. Tenn., under Gen. Jos. Wheeler, then moved to Ga. and served until after fall of Atlanta; later in Tenn. and Miss. ; surrendered to Gen. Canby. Last bat- tle was at Selma, Ala., under Gen. Forrest. After war engaged in Overland mail service in Tex.; U. S. Indian insp. 1885-9; asst. comm'r Indian Affairs, 1893-5. Address: 1912 Sunderland PL, Washington.

ARMSTRONG, Mrs., prima donna; see Melba, Mme. Nellie.

ARMSTRONG, Moses Kimball, banker, author; b. Milan, O., Sept. 19, 1832; ed. Hu- ron Inst, and Western Reserve Coll. ; went to Minn., 1856, and held local offices there; moved to Yankton, Dak. ; published first Democratic newspaper in the territory; served 10 yrs. in territorial house and sen- ate; was speaker house and pres. senate; delegate in Congress, 1871-5; Dem.; pres. Old Bank of St. James, Minn.; m. 1872, Martha Bordeno. Author: Early History of Dakota Territory, 1866. Address: St. James, Minn.

ARMSTRONG, Philander Banister, in- surance; b. Brookville, Ind., Feb. 3, 1847; reared on farm; employe and agt. ins. cos., 1868-75; founder and pres., 1875-80, Phoenix Mut. Fire Ins. Co. ; moved to New York, 1880; organized and was pres. for yrs. of Mut. Fire Ins. Co. ; acquired controlling in- terest in and became pres., 1888, Fire Ass'n of New York; organized, 1889, and became pres. of Armstrong Fire Ins. Co. ; organized, 1893, and was first pres. Am. Union Life Ins. Co. ; owns, in Calif., the largest almond orchard in the world. Residence: 638 St. Mark's Av., Brooklyn. Office: 45 Broadway, New York.

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

ARMSTRONG, Regina (Mrs. Niehaus), mag. writer; 6. Va., March 4, 1869; d. Thom- as and Jeanne (de Moss) A.; ed. privately; m. New York, 1900, Charles Henry Niehaus, sculptor. Began writing in 1892 as soc. ed- itor of a Southern newspaper; became ed- itor, and eventually owner of Social Graph- ic, Memphis, Tenn. Removed to New York in 1890, and became gen. contributor to mags. ; now engaged on book of poems and an art volume to be issued this yr. Wrote: Series of five articles: New Leaders in American Illustration, The Bookman, 1900; series of four articles: American Women Il- lustrators, The Critic, 1900; Representative American Illustrators, Art Interchange, 1899-1900, ten papers. Has contributed poems stories and critiques in leading New York mags, since 1896. Also contributor to "The Studio," London, England. Address: 251 5th Av., New York.

ARMSTRONG, Sydney, actress; b. (Wells) Memphis, Tenn. ; moved to New York and later went West; debut with a traveling co. in Illinois; appeared with stock co., Front St. Theatre, Baltimore, and played Arte O'Neill in "The Shaughraun." Interpreted dual role in "Hoodman Blind," and later took leading female roles in "The Still Alarm," "The Burglar," "The Girl I Left Behind Me," and other modern dramas. Address: Care Smith & Rice, Knickerbocker Theatre Bldg., New York.

ARMSTRONG, William, music critic, lec- turer; ed. Stuttgart and Vienna; was on staff of Belford's Mag. until suspended; music critic Chicago Tribune, 1893-8; lec- turer on musical and kindred subjects; first American to lecture before Royal Acad, of Music, London (June 30, 1897) ; first London appearance, Queen's Hall, June 18, 1897. Author: Thekla; An American Nobleman; etc. Address: Hotel Belvedere, New York.

ARMSTRONG-HOPKINS, Saleni, Mrs., M.D. ; b. London, Canada, Jan. 21, 1855; d. Rev. William L., M. D., and Elizabeth Summers Armstrong. Ed. public schools Mich., high school Blair, Neb., 1 yr. Northwestern Univ., 1877-8; grad. Woman's Med. Coll. of Pa., 1885, Mt. Vernon Inst, of Elocution and Lan- guages (Bachelor of Elocution), 1885; grad. obstetrics and gynecology, Phila. Lying-In Charity Hosp., 1885; res. phys. New En- gland Hosp., Boston, 1885-6; med. mission- ary, under Bishop William Taylor, in In- dia, 1886; conducted private hosp. for wom- en and children and missionary training school for nurses, Bombay, India, 1887-9;

■ physician in charge to Lady Atchison Hosp., Lahore, Ind., 1889, and of Woman's Hosp., Dispensary and Training School for Nurses, 1893; m. Karachi, India, Rev. George F. Hopkins, A. M. Returned to U, S. ; prac- tices in Syracuse. Author: Motto and Reso- lutions of a Little Girl; A Divine Call to Foreign Missionary Service; Seven Thoughts in Seven Garbs; Record of Daily Work; Extra Uterine Fcetation; Fruit of Suffering; Pork and Mustard; Heart Echoes from the Silence of Secret Prayer; Within the Pur- dah; Heroes and Heroines of Zion; In the Zenana Homes of Indian Princes; Record of

Daily Work and Diary; Prayer Inspired by Promise; Khetwadi Castle; In Secret; My Esther; Living Out Loud. Residences Amber,

N. Y. Office: 402 S. Warren St., Syracuse, N. Y.

ARNOLD, Abraham Kerns, brig. -gen. U. S. V.; col. 1st U. S. eav. ; b. Bedford, Pa., March 24, 1837; grad. U. S. Mil. Acad., 1859; bvt. 2d It., 2d cav. ; commissioned 2d It. June 28, 1860; 1st It. 5th cav., July 17, 1862; maj. 6th cav., June 22, 1869; It. -col. 1st cav., June 11, 1886; col. 8th cav., Feb. 7. 1891; transferred to 1st cav., April 22, 189L Bvtd. capt. June 27, 1862, for gallantry at Gaines' Mill, and maj., May 6, 1864, for gal- lantry at Todd's Tavern; Congressional med- al of honor for gallantry in action at Daven- port Bridge, N. Anna River, Va., May 18, 18G4; comd. cav. div. at Chickamauga; comd. 5th cav. in Civil war; served against Indians on frontier; commissioned brig. -gen. U. S. Vols., 1898; served in war with Spain in the field from April 22, 1898; comdg., 1899, 2d div., 7th army corps, in Cuba. Address: Care War Dept, Washington.

ARNOLD, Birch* see Bartlett, Alice Eloise.

ARNOLD, Edmund Samuel Foster, M.

D. ; b. Bermondsey, London, England, Jan. 30, 1820; ed. private school and at Moravian Inst., Neuwied, on the Rhine; med. ed'n as house pupil, Guy's Hosp., London, 1835-44, and Univ. of Bonn; licensed med. practi- tioner at Apothecaries' Hall, London, 1842; mem. Royal Coll. of Surgeons, 1844; M. D., Jefferson Med. Coll., Phila., 1848; practiced in New York, 1848-54, and at Yonkers, 1854- 1872; retired from practice, 1872; treas. In- ternat. Med. Congress, Washington, 1887; living at Newport, R. I., until 1898, when he removed to Fla. ; consulting phys. and sur- geon of Newport Hosp., R. I. ; wrote many papers published in med. journals, and was connected with various med. socs. ; m. 1856, Eliza, d. James R. Whiting, judge Supreme Court of N. Y. (died, 1897). Address: Man- darin, Fla.

ARNOLD, James Newell, author, pub- lisher; b. Cranston, R. I., Aug. 3, 1844; com- mon school ed'n, supplemented by private study: genealogist and historian. Author: The Narragansett Historical Register (8 vols.); Rhode Island Vital Records (10 vols.), the largest geneal. compilation ever made by one man in America; now adding other vols, of latter and preparing a Digest of Probate of Rhode Island. Unmarried. Ad- dress: Box 114, Providence, R. I.

ARNOLD, Maurice, composer (real name, M. Arnold-Strothotte) ; b. St. Louis, Jan. 19, 1865; .?. of a physician; his mother gave him his first instruction; studied Coll. of Music, Cincinnati, also in Cologne and Ber- lin, under Bruch, Wuellner and Yensen; his best known work, American Plantation Dances, produced in 1894 at Madison Sq. Garden, under auspices of Dr. Anton Dvor- ak; incited Dvorak's interest in negro mus- ic and was apptd. teacher of theory at Nat. Conservatory of Music. Ccmposer: American Plantation Dances; Dramatic Overture;

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

Wild Chase (performed in St. Louis); The Merry Benedicts (opera perf. Brooklyn, 1896); Violin Sonata in B. min. ; Songs: Say Not I'm Forsaken, Lady of My Heart; Piano: Souvenir de Seville, Bolero, Little Turtle-Dove, Tete-a-tete, etc.; Duets for Violin, Viola; Valses for String Quartet. Address: 10 B. 17th St., New York. ARNOLD, Sarali Louise, supervisor of schools, Boston, since 1895; b. N. Abington, Mass., Feb. 15, 1859; grad. State Normal School, Bridgewater, Mass., 1878; taught various schools in Mass., Pa., Vt., N. H. ; was prin. training school, Saratoga, N. Y., 2 yrs. ; supervisor schools, Minneapolis, 7 yrs. ; prominent in summer school work; contrib- utor to edn'l journals. Author: Waymarks for Teachers, 1894 S6; Stepping Stones to Literature, 1897 S6; Reading: How to Teach It, 1899 S6; The Mother Tongue, 1900 Gl. Residence: Newton Centre, Mass. Office: Ma- son St., Boston. ARNOLDSON, Sigrid (Mme. Fischof), prima donna; b. Stockholm, Sweden; studied under Mme. Desiree Artot de Padilla and Maurice Strakosch; debut at Moscow, Rus- sia, in II Barbiere de Siviglia; sang several seasons at Opera Comique, Paris, and Co- vent Garden, London; appeared in grand op- era in U. S. under Abbey & Grau; m. Albert Fischof; toured U. S., 1894. ARONSON, Maurice, pianist, writer, critic; b. Mitau, Kurland, Russia, June 24, 1869; s. Hermann and Annette A. ; grad. Mitau Gym- nasium, 1885; made splty. of chemistry but gave it up for music, which he had studied from 9th yr. ; advanced musical ed'n in Riga, St. Petersburg, Berlin, 1885-8; unmar- ried. Came to U. S., 1888, settled in South as pianist and organist; pianist for Chicago Conservatory of Music, 1896-1900. Made ex- tensive studies in musical history, litera- ture and theory. Contributed to "Music," Chicago, Symphony and Symphonic Poem, 1897; Schumann's Song Cycles, 1897; Robert Franz In His Relation to Music and Its Masters, 1897; The Poles in Music, 1898; Franz Schubert (in memory of the 100th an- niversary of his birth), 1897. Residence: 759 42d St. Office: Auditorium Tower, Chicago. ARONSON, Rudolph, theatrical mgr., mu- sical composer; now mgr. Bijou Theatre, New York; projector and builder Metropoli- tan Concert Hall (site of present Broadway Theatre) ; also projector and builder Casino (with first roof garden in America). Com- poser of more than 150 pieces for orchestra, including the famous Sweet Sixteen waltz; in 1894 presented, in behalf of American mu- sicians, to Johann Strauss, Vienna, a silver and gold wreath in honor of his golden jub- ilee celebration. Residence: 144 W. 94th St. Office: 1239 Broadway, New York. "ARP, Bill," see Smith, Charles Henry. ARRASMITH, John W., farmer; b. Sulli- van Co., Mo., Oct. 11, 1850; ed. public schools of Mo. and Ore. ; engaged in farming in Wash. Ty. Elected to territorial legisla- ture, 1884 and 1886; State legislature, 1892; and chosen speaker of the house, Jan. 9, 1893; defeated for It. -gov., 1896; Rep. A char-

ter mem., 1888, and 3 yrs. sec. and treas. Washington Territory Farmers' Alliance; now v.-p. of Nat. Farmers' Alliance for State of Washington; m. Feb. 11, 1877, Austa A. Miller. Address: Colfax, Whitman Co., Wash.

ARRIAGA, Antonio Lazo, E. E. & M.

P. from Guatemala to U. S. ; b. Danli, Span- ish Honduras, April 10, 1857; ed., first by private tutors, then Univ. of Tegucigalpa, 1870, and Univ. of Guatemala, 1872-7; grad. from latter as lawyer and public notary ; mem. Nat. Assembly of Guatemala, 1882-7; asst. sec. of ed'n, 1890; Minister of Foreign Relations, 1885; v.-p. Council of State, 1887; speaker Nat. Assembly, 1891; has been prof, in various colls, and Nat. Univ. of Guat- emala; has served in various corporations and corns. ; mem. of several scientific socs. Residence: 1783 P St. N. W. Office: Guatemal- an Legation, Washington. ARRINGTON, Lillie, see Burroughs,

Marie. ARTHUR, Alfred, musician; b. Pittsburg, Pa., Oct. 8, 1844; studied under private teachers in Boston, and Julius Eichberg, at the Boston Conservatory of Music; while in Boston sang tenor in a choir of Ch. of the Advent; settled in Cleveland, O., 1871, and taught and directed musical socs.; founded Cleveland Vocal Soc, 1873; founded Bach Choir of Woodland Presby'n Ch., 1878; vis- ited Europe, 1879, and again, 1887. Now di- rector Cleveland School of Music. Address: 701, The Arcade, Cleveland, O. ARTHUR, Joseph Charles, botanist; b. Lowville, N. Y., Jan. 11, 1850; grad. Iowa State Coll., 1872 (M. S. ; D. Sc, Cornell); studied at Johns Hopkins, Harvard, and Bonn, Germany. Was instr. at Univs. of Minn, and Wis.; then 4 yrs. botanist to exp. sta., Geneva, N. Y. ; since then prof, vegetable physiology and pathology, Purdue Univ., and botanist to Ind. Exp. Sta. Writer on bot. subjects. Address: Lafayette, Ind. ARTHUR, Julia, actress; b. in Hamilton, Ont., May 3, 1869, of Irish and Welsh pa- rentage; real name, Ida Lewis, stage name being taken from her mother's maiden name of Arthur. At 11 played in amateur dramat- ic club, taking part of Gamora in The Hon- eymoon and of Portia in The Merchant of Venice; 3 yrs. later made professional debut as the Prince of Wales in Daniel Band- mann's presentation of Richard III; re- mained 3 seasons with that co. ; studied vio- lin music and dramatic art in England: first New York success at Union Sq. Theatre in The Black Masque; later in A. M. Palmer's co. in several roles, notably in Mercedes, 1893; London debut, Feb. 1, 1895, in Henry Irving's co., playing roles next to Miss Ter- ry; especially successful as Rosamond in A'Becket, with Irving and Terry in U. S., 1896; since then starring in U. S. Address: 41 Spring St., Hamilton, Ont. ASDALE, William J., physician; grad. Rush Med. Coll., Chicago; sec. Western Pa. Med. Coll.; prof, diseases of women, same; mem. Am. Med. Ass'n, Am. Ass'n of Ob- stetricians and Gynecologists, and Pa. State

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

and Allegheny Co. Med. Socs. Address: 5523 Elsworth Av., Pittsburg, Pa. ASHBRIDGE, Samuel H., mayor Phila. ; b. Phila., Dec. 5, 1849; ed. pub. schools; en- tered mercantile life as clerk in coal office; later engaged in same business for himself; became known as orator on patriotic occa- sions; chief clerk coroner's office, 1880-6; coroner, 1886-99; elected mayor, Feb., 1899, by 120,000 majority (largest ever given). Address: Philadelphia.

ASHBY, Thomas Almond, M. D.; b.

Front Royal, Warren Co., Va., Nov. 18, 1848; took an elective course in Washington Coll. (now Washington & Lee Univ., Va.), 1867-70; M. D., med. dept., Univ. of Md., 1873; located in Baltimore; held numerous hosp. and coll. apptmts. ; was a founder, 1877, and later ed- itor and prop'r until 1888, Md. Med. Jour.; a founder, 1882, and late prof, obstetrics Wom- an's Med. Coll., Baltimore; prof, diseases of women, Baltimore Med. Coll., 1889-97; same chair Univ. of Md. since 1897; mem. many med. socs. ; prominent as operative gynecol- ogist; m. 1887, Mary Cunningham, Coving- ton, Ky. Address: 1125 Madison Av., Balti- more.

ASHHURST, Richard Lewis, lawyer; b. Naples, Italy, Feb. 5, 1838; s. John and Har- riet (Eyre) A., both of Phila.; grad. Univ. of Pa., 1856 (A. M., 1859); grad. law dept., same, 1859; admitted to bar June, 1859; m. May 30, 1861, Sara, d. Prof. John F. Frazer. Mustered into Union army, 1st It. and adj. 150th Pa. Vols., Aug. 11, 1862; honorably discharged for wounds received at Gettys- burg, Sept. 5, 1863; bvtd. capt. for services at Chancellorsville; bvtd. maj. U. S. Vols., for distinguished gallantry at Gettysburg. Mem. Phi Beta Kappa, Am. Philos. Soc, Pa. Hist. Soc, vice dean Shakespeare Soc; Rep. Residence: 321 S. 11th St. Office: 225 S. 6th St., Philadelphia.

ASHLEY, Barnas Freeman, clergyman, author; b. Liverpool, Nova Scotia, Nov. 27, 1833; 5. Rev. William Washington and Han- nah Kempton A. ; ed. public schools, Bar- rington, N. S. ; classical and theol. course under private tutors in Boston; 3 yrs'. med. course, Ohio Med. Coll., Cleveland, 0.; m. Nov. 26, 1857, Caroline L. Goodspeed, Oster- ville, Mass. In active pastorate 43 yrs., of Bapt. chs.,' and later of Reformed (Dutch) Ch., New York. Began to write poems and sketches at 16; lately writer of short stories for McClure syndicate, and books for boys. Author: Tan-Pile Jim, 1895 LI; Dick and Jack's, 1897 LI; Adventures on Sable Island, 1896 LI; Air Castle Don; etc. Address: Ra- venna, O.

ASHLEY, Clarence Degrand, lawyer; b. Boston, July 4, 1851; studied law; practices In New York; organized and was prof, in Metropolis Law School, New York; later prof, law Univ. Law School, of which he be- came vice-dean, and is now dean; 1899, apptd. non-resident lecturer in law, Bryn Mawr Coll. Residence: 82 E. 55th St. Office: 11 Williams St., New York.

ASHLEY, George Hall, prof, biology and geology, and curator of museum, Coll. of 3

Charleston, S. C, since Oct. 1, 1900; b. Roch- ester, N. Y., Aug. 9, 1866; grad. Cornell (M. E.), 1890 (A. M., 1892; Ph. D., 1894, Leland Stanford, Jr., Univ.); m. July 11, 1895, Mary E. Martin, Buffalo, N. Y. Paleontologist, Rochester, N. Y., 1889-91; asst. geologist Geol. Survey of Ark., 1891-3; teaching in Calif., 1894-6; asst. State geologist of Ind., 1896-1900. Has contributed to literary period- icals and tech. journals and has published geol. reports, etc. Address: 41 Bee St., Charleston, S. C.

ASHLEY, John liar man, insurance jour- nalist, 120 Liberty St., New York.

ASHLEY, John Pritehard, pres. Albion Coll.; b. Stoke-on-Trent, England, April 14, 1862; common school and academic ed'n at Brooklyn, N. Y. ; grad. Ohio WesleyanUniv., 1890; post graduate studies at Boston Univ., Jena, Berlin and Oxford; (A. M., S. T. B., Ph. D., D. D.). Prof, philosophy; author and lecturer; pres. Genesee Wesleyan Sem., 1895-8; Mich. Coll. Ass'n, 1898-9; m. Delia Gust, Fostoria, O. Address: Albion, Mich.

ASHLEY, O. D., pres. Wabash R. R. since 1889; b. Townsend, Vt., April 9, 1821; en- tered ry. life as 2d sec. and transfer agt. Wabash, St. Louis & Pacific Ry. ; mem. purchasing com., same, 1885-7; pres. Wabash Western R. R., 1887-9. Address: 195 Broad- way, New York.

ASHLEY, William James, prof, eco- nomic history Harvard, since 1892; b. Lon- don, England, Feb. 25, 1860; s. James A., London, England; ed. St. Olave's Grammar School, Southwark, England; Balliol Coll., Oxford, England, B. A., 1881; M. A., 1885; m. Annie Margaret, d. George Birkbeck Hill, D. C. L., and great-niece of Sir Row- land Hill, originator of Penny Postage. First Class Modern History, Oxford, 1881; Lothian prize, Oxford, 1882; fellow Lincoln Coll., Oxford, 1885-8; lecturer in history Lin- coln and Corpus Christi colls., Oxford, 1885-8; prof, political economy and consti- tutional history Univ. Toronto, Canada, 1888-92; examiner in History Tripos, Univ. of Cambridge, England, 1899; corr. Royal Hist. Soc, England. Author: James and Philip van Artevelde, 1883 Ml; An Introduc- tion to English Economic History and The- ory, vol. 1, 1888, vol. 2, 1893 L4 and P2 (translated into German, 1896, and French, 1900) ; Introductory chapter on The English Manor in the Origin of Property in Land, by Fustel de Coulanges, translated by Mrs. Ashley, 1891 Sll; Surveys Historic and Eco- nomic, 1900 L4; many articles in Quarterly Journal of Economics, Political Science Quarterly, Economic Journal, New York Nation, etc. Edited Economic Classics, Ml, translating for same Schmoller's Mercantile System, 1896; Turgot's Reflections, 1898. Address: 6 Acacia St., Cambridge, Mass.

ASHMEAD, William Harris, asst. cura- tor, div. insects, U. S. Nat. Museum since July, 1897; b. Phila., Sept. 19, 1855; 5. Capt. Albert S. A.; ed. private and public schools; m. Phila., 1878, Harriet, d. Thomas O. Holmes. After leaving school was in pub- lishing house J. B. Lippincott Co., Phila.;

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

went to Jacksonville, Fla., 1876, and with brother established as publisher of agr'l books, an agr'l weekly, and started a daily. Edited scientific dept. of weekly, devoting himself chiefly to investigation of injurious insects; sp'l field entomologist U. S. Dept. Agr., 1887; entomologist State Agr'l Coll., Lake City, Fla., 1888; asst. entomologist and investigator U. S. Dept. Agr.; 1889, sp'l studies in Berlin winter, 1889-90; returned to Dept. Agr. Fellow A. A. A. S. ; corr. mem. Am. Entom. Soc, Phila. ; v. -p. Washing- ton Biol. Soc; pres. Cambridge Entom. Soc, 1894; pres. Washington Entom. Soc, 1894-5; v. -p. Washington Acad. Sciences, 1898. Au- thor: Orange Insects (treatise on beneficial and injurious insects in Fla.), 1880 A7. Wrote: Monograph of the North American Proctotryphidae; also 183 contributions to entom. mags., journals and soc. proceed- ings. Residence: 1825 A St., N. W. Office: U. S. Nat. Museum, Washington.

"ASHMONT," see Perry, J. Frank.

ASHMORE, Otis, educator, astronomer; b. Lincoln Co., Ga., March 6, 1853; hon. A. M. Univ. of Ga. ; taught in several schools in Ga., 1876-87. Went to Savannah, Ga., 1887; taught science in the high school till 1896, when he was elected supt. of public schools of that city, which position he now holds. Has made astron. calculations for Grier's Almanac for 17 years, and contributed many articles to public press on scientific subjects. Address: Savannah, Ga.

ASHMORE, Sidney G., prof. Latin lan- guage and literature, Union Univ., since 1881; b. London, England, April 15, 1852; j. late Sidney and Maria Elsworth (Phelps) A. ; grad. Columbia, 1872, A. M., same, 1875, L. H. D., Hobart Coll., 1884; m. Troy, N. Y., Oct. 31, 1895, Fanny Hart Vail. Instr. Latin and Greek, Lehigh Univ., 1873-6; instr. in Latin, Columbia, 1876-81; mem. Archaeol. Inst, of America, Am. Philol. Ass'n, Man- aging Com. Am. School of Classical Studies, Rome, Italy. Author: Terence (Adelphce), 1893, revised 1896, Macmillan's Classical Series; Caesar (Helvetian War), and Caesar (Invasion of Britain), both in Macmillan's Elementary Series, Ml. Wrote article, The Latin Language and Literature, in Interna- tional Encyclopaedia (revised edition); Re- view of Schlee's "Scholia Terentiana," Classical Review, Oct., 1894; article on Ter- ence, Harper's Dictionary Classical Litera- ture and Antiquities; article on Latin Pro- nunciation in New York Education, Feb., 1899, and other papers for various edn'l pub- lications. Address: Union Univ., Schenec- tady, N. Y.

ASHMUN, George Coates, M. D., prof.

hygiene and preventive medicine-registrar and bursar faculty, Med. Coll. Western Re- serve Univ.; b. Tallmadge, O., Jan. 31, 1841; ed. Tallmadge Acad.; grad. Med. Coll., Western Reserve Univ., 1873; m. 1st, May 20, 1880, Laura J. Post; 2d, Nov. 27, 1888, Alice Ford. Served in Civil war, Aug. 26, 1861, to Sept. 12, 1862, and Nov. 23, 18C3, to Sept. 9, 1865; U. S. examiner for pensions, Cleve- land, O., 1873-86; health officer, Cleveland,

1881-91. Mem. Loyal Legion; G. A. R.; city council. Address: 794 Republic St., Cleve- land, O.

ASHTON, William Easterly, M. D.; b. Phila., June 5, 1859; grad. Univ. of Pa.; M. D., 1881; prof, gynecology, Medico-Chirur. Coll. Address: 2011 Walnut St., Philadel- phia.

ASPINWALL, Alicia, author; b. (Towne); m. Thomas Aspinwall. Author: Short Stories for Short People, 1896 D4; The Echo Maid and Other Stories, 1897 D4. Address: Brook- line, Mass.

ASSIS-BRASIL, Joaquim Francisco de,

E. E. and M. P., from Brazil to U. S., since 1898; b. State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, July 29, 1858; grad. law, Saint Paulo Univ., 1882 (doc. law); practiced law native state; mem. legislative assembly as Rep. ; actively engaged in politics to overthrow empire, 1885-9; mem. constituent congress, 1890-1; apptd. by Republic diplomatic representative to Argentine Republic, 1890; sp'l mission to China, 1894; Portugal, 1895, to resume inter- rupted friendly relations. Mem. Royal Acad. Sciences, Lisbon. Author: A Republica Fed- eral; Democracia Representativa; Do Gov- ermo Presidencial na Republica Brasileira; Volume of Poetry; Popular Treatise to Pro- mote Agriculture in Brazil. Founded and pres. soc. in Paris to promote agr. in Brazil. Farmer and horse breeder (all gold and sil- ver medals, 1896, exhibition Rio de Janeiro). Address: 2012 Columbia Rd., N. W., Wash- ington.

ASTOR, John Jacob, It. -col. U. S. V.; b.

Rhinebeck, N. Y., July 13, 1864; s. William, and great g.s. John Jacob Astor; grad. Harvard (B. S.), 1888; traveled abroad, 1888-91; since then mgr. family estates; built 1897, Astoria Hotel, New York, adjoining Waldorf Hotel, which was built by Wm. Waldorf Astor, his cousin, the two now forming one building under name of Wal- dorf-Astoria Hotel, one of the largest and probably most costly hotels in the world. Was col., staff of Gov. Levi P. Morton, and May, 1898, commissioned lt.-col. U. S. vols.; presented to the Govt, a mountain battery for use in war against Spain, said to cost over $75,000. After assisting Maj. -Gen. Breck- inridge, Insp.-Gen. U. S. A., in inspection of camp and troops at Chickamauga Park, Ga., assigned to duty on staff of Maj. -Gen. Shafter and served in Cuba in operations ending in surrender of Santiago. Has in- vented a bicycle brake and a pneumatic road improver. Author: A Journey In Other Worlds; etc Owns a country home (Fern- cliff) at Rhinebeck-on-Hudson, N. Y. Ad- dress: 840 5th Av., New York. ASTOR, William Waldorf, capitalist, author; b. New York, March 31, 1848; s. late John Jacob Astor, and great g. s. of first John Jacob, founder of the Astor fortune. Ed. by private tutors, finishing in Europe; entered office of the Astor Estate, 1871; suc- ceeded his father, 1890, as head of the Astor family, with personal fortune estimated at about $100,000,000; m. June 6, 1878, Mary Dahlgren, d. James W. Paul, Phila. Mem.

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

New York legislature, 1878-81; U. S. minis- ter to Italy, 1882-5; removed to England, 1890; became owner Pall Mall Gazette and Pall Mall Mag. Author: Valentino, a Story of Rome; Sforza, an Historical Romance of the 16th Century in Italy; etc. Address: Cliveden, Taplow, Bucks, England.

ATHERTOJi, George W., pres. the Pa. State Coll. since 1882; b. Boxford, Essex Co., Mass., June 20, 1837; left fatherless at 12; helped to support mother and two sis- ters; worked in cotton mill, then on farm, later as teacher; worked his way through Phillips Exeter Acad, and Yale; grad. 1863 (LL. D., Franklin and Marshall Coll., 1883); m. Dec. 25, 1863, Frances D. W. Washburn. Served as It. and capt. 10th Conn, vols., 18G1-3; taught in Albany Boys' Acad., 1863-7; prof. St. John's Coll., Annapolis, Md., 1867- 8; Univ. of 111., 1868-9; prof, political econ- omy and constitutional law, Rutgers, N. J., 1869-82; mem. Bd. of Visitors to U. S. Naval Acad., 1873 and 1891; on comm'n to investi- gate Red Cloud Indian agency, 1875; chmn. comm'n to digest and revise State system of taxation, N. J., 1878; admitted to N. J. bar, 1878; was first pres. Am. Ass'n of Agr'l Colls, and Exp. Stas. Author: Magna Charta, a Comparative View of the Barons' Articles and the Great Charter. Address: State Col- lege, Pa.

ATHERTON, Gertrude Franklin, au- thor; b. San Francisco, Calif.; o. d., Thom- as L. Horn and Gertrude Franklin; g. g. niece Benjamin Franklin. Ed. St. Mary's Hall, Benicia, Calif.; Sayre Inst., Lexing- ton, Ky. ; m. George H. Bowen Atherton, Menlo Park, Calif, (now deceased). Has lived abroad much of time. Author: The Doomswoman, 1892; Before the Gringo Came, 1894; A Whirl Asunder, 1895; Patience Spar- hawk and Her Times, 1897; His Fortunate Grace, 1897; American Wives and English Husbands, 1898; The Calif ornians, 1898; A Daughter of the Vine, 1899; The Valiant Runaways, 1899; Senator North, 1900. Ad- dress: 49 W. 44th St., New York.

ATKINS, James, Sunday school editor, M. E. Ch., South, since 1896; b. Knoxville, Tenn., April 18, 1850; s. James and Mary F. A.; ed. Riceville Acad., Tenn., 1858-62; Em- ory & Henry Coll., 1866-72 (A. M., same, D. D., Trinity Coll., Durham, N. C); entered ministry in the Holston Conf. M. E. Ch., South, 1872; m. Mossy Creek, Tenn., Sept. 14, 1876, EllaM. Branner. Pastor 1872-9; pres. Asheville Female Coll. 1879-89; pres. Emory & Henry Coll. 1889-93; pres. Asheville Fe- male Coll., 1893-6. Residence: 1511 Hayes St. Office: 346 Public Sq., Nashville, Tenn.

ATKINSON, Edward, economist, under- writer; b. Brookline Mass. Feb. 10 1827; 5. Amos and Anna G. A. ; ed. in private schools, (LL. D., Univ. of S. C; Ph. D. Dartmouth Coll.); m. Oct. 4, 1855, Mary C. Heath. For nearly 40 yrs. he has been ac- tively engaged in authorship of papers and pamphlets on banking, competition, rail- roading, cotton manufacture, fire preven- tion, the tariff, the money question, imperi- alism, etc. Has invented an improved cook- ing stove called "Aladdin Oven"; has been

pres. Boston Mfrs.' Mutual Fire Ins. Co. since 1878. Author: The Distribution of Prop- erty, P2; Industrial Progress of the Nation, P2; The Margin of Profit, P2; Taxation and Work, P2; The Science of Nutrition; The Prevention of Loss by Fire. Residence: Heath Hill, Brookline, Mass. Business Address: Box 112, Boston.

ATKINSON, Fred Washington, gen. supt. public instruction for Philippine Islands since May 5, 1900; b. Reading, Mass., May 23, 1865; 5. George W. and Eliza A.; ed. Reading High School, 1879-82; Bridgewater, Mass., State Normal School, 1882-6; grad. Harvard, 1890; studied at Berlin, Halle, Leipzig univs. (Ph. D., Leipzig, 1893); re- turned to Germany and studied at Jena one semester, thence to Paris for 5 months at Sorbonne; m. Waltham, Mass., Aug. 27, 1890, Winnifred G. Whitford. While abroad visited schools throughout Germany, France and Austria; taught Upton, Mass., 1886-7; Westfield, Mass., 1890-1; in Europe, 1891-4; prin. high school, Springfield, Mass., 1894- 1900; contributor to edn'l journals. Address: Manila, P. I.

ATKINSON, George Francis, prof, bot- any, Cornell Univ.; b. Raisinville, Monroe Co., Mich., Jan. 26, 1854; studied Olivet Coll., Mich., 1878-83; grad. Cornell Univ. (Ph. B.), 1885; m. 1888, Lizzie S., d. W. C. Kerr. State geologist of N. C. ; asst. prof., 1885-6, and asso. prof, entomology and gen. zoology, Univ. of N. C, 1886-8; prof, botany and zoology Univ. of S. C, and botanist of expt. sta., 1888-9; prof, biology, Ala. Polytechnic Inst, and Agr'l and Mech. Coll. of Ala., and biologist of expt. sta., 1889-92; 1892-3, asst. prof, cryptogamic botany, Cornell Univ.; asso. prof, same, 1893-6; since 1896, prof, of botany and botanist of the expt. sta. Fellow A. A. A. S., (v. -p., 1896-8); mem. Soc. for Plant Physiology and Morphology; sec. Bot. Soc. Am., 1898; asso. editor The Bot- anical Gazette. Author: Biology of Ferns; Elementary Botany; Lessons in Botany; Stories on Plant Life; Studies of American Fungi — Mushrooms, Edible, Poisonous, etc.; and many papers in Am. and foreign bot. journals. Address: Cornell Univ., Ithaca, N.Y.

ATKINSON, George Wesley, ex-gov. W. Va. ; b. Charleston, W. Va., June 29, 1845; grad. Ohio Wesleyan Univ., 1870; post grad- uate studies gaining degree Ph. D., Mt. Union Coll., O. ; grad. Howard Univ. law dept. (LL. B. ; LL. D., Univ. of Nashville and U. S. Grant Univ.; D. C. L., Univ. of W. Va.) Lawyer; has been mem. W. Va. legislature, Charleston bd. ed'n; co. supt. public schools; postmaster Charleston, 6 years; U. S. Internal revenue agt., 4 yrs.; U. S. Marshal, W. Va., 4 yrs.; mem. Con- gress, 1889-91; gov. W. Va., 1897-1901; Rep.; twice married; Knight Templar; grand sec. Grand Lodge of Freemasons, W. Va. ; was grand master, 1876-7. Author: History of Kanawha; West Virginia Pulpit; A B C of the Tariff; Don't, or Negative Chips from Blocks of Living Truths; Revenue Digest; Prominent Men of West Virginia; After the Moonshiners; Psychology Simplified; also vol. of poems. Address: Wheeling, W. Va.

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

ATKINSON, Henry Morrell, pres. South- ern Banking and Trust Co.; b. Brookline, Mass., Nov. 13, 1862; ed. Harvard, class of 1884; went to Atlanta, 1885, and was con- nected 3 yrs. with S. M. Inman & Co., cot- ton merchants; established, 1889, Southern Banking and Trust Co., becoming its v.-p. and later pres. Established, 1891, and is pres., Ga. Electric Light Co.; v.-p. Third Nat. Bank of Atlanta; officer and director of various other corporations; chmn. trus- tees Empire Bldg. ; m. April, 1888, May, d. Col. Richard Peters, of Atlanta. Address: Atlanta, Ga.

ATKINSON, Isaac Edmondson, physi- cian; b. Baltimore, Jan. 23, 1S46; s. James Edmondson and Hannah Ann (Smith) A. ; ed. Univ. of Md.; grad. med. dept., same, 1865; m. Frederick, Md., Oct. 17, 1867, Vir- ginia Rebecca Duval. Mem. and ex-pres. Clinical Soc. of Md. ; of the Med. and Chi- rurg. Faculty of Md., Am. Dermatol. Ass'n; mem. Ass'n Am. Physicians; emeritus prof, therapeutics and clinical medicine Univ. of Md. Has written many articles in med. journals, chiefly relating to dermatology and internal medicine; also contributor to sev- eral med. handbooks and systems. Address: 609 Cathedral St., Baltimore.

ATKINSON, William Biddle, physi- cian; b. in Haverford Township, Dela- ware Co., Pa., June 21, 1832; grad. Phila. Central High School, 1850 (A. M., 1855); Jefferson Med. Coll., 1853. Has been editor of several med. journals, and is now editor Public Health, Phila. ; lecturer on diseases of Children, Jefferson Med Coll.; prof, san- itary science and pediatrics, Medico-Chirurg. Coll., Phila.; permanent sec. Am. Med. Ass'n, 1864-99; permanent sec. Med. Soc, State of Pa., 1862-97; has been pres. Phila. Co. Med. Soc. ; now sec. Associated Health Authorities of Pa. ; mem. several learned 60cs. ; married. Author: Hints in the Obstet- ric Procedure, 1879; Therapeutics of Gyne- cology and Obstetrics, 1881; Physicians and Surgeons of the United States, 1879, all 01; also many monographs on medical subjects. Address: 1400 Pine St., Philadelphia.

ATKINSON, William Elrie, lawyer, pres. Ouachita Bapt. Coll.; b. Shelby Co., Aia., July 24, 1852; removed to Ark., 1857; studied law, Washington and Lee Univ. ; practices at Little Rock; atty.-gen. Ark., 1888-92; prominent in Missionary Bapt. Ch. ; one of founders of Ouachita Baptist Coll. Address: Little Rock, Ark.

ATTERBURY, Anson Phelps, clergy- man; b. New York, June 18, 1854; attended Phillips Acad, and Yale; grad. Union Theol. Sem., 1879 (Ph. D., N. Y. Univ.; D. D., Hamilton Coll.); tn. June 11, 1891, Catharine G. Van Rensselaer; pastor Park Presby'n Ch., New York. Author: Islam in Africa. Translator : Sombart's Socialism. Address: 145 W. 86th St., New York.

ATWATER, John Wilhur, ex-congress- man; b. Chatham Co., N. C, Dec. 27, 1840; academic ed'n; enlisted Co. D., 1st N. C. vols., C. S. A., and served with Gen. Lee to

close of war; State senator, 1890, 1892 and 1896, first term as Dem., and last two as Populist; mem. 56th Congress, 4th N. C. dist. Address: Rialto, N. C.

ATWATER, R. M., chemist; mem. Am. Chem. Soc. Address: 13 Rue de 1' Aqueduc, Paris, France.

ATWATER, Wilbnr Olin, prof, chem- istry Wesleyan Univ. since 1873; b. Johns- burgh, N. Y., May 3, 1844; grad. Wesleyan, 1865; studied chemistry Sheffield Scientific School, Yale (Ph. D., 1869), and univs. of Leipzig and Berlin; prof, chemistry East Tenn. Univ., 1871-2; Me. State Coll., 1873; director Conn. Agr'l Expt. Sta., the first Institution of the kind in the U. S., 1875-7; director Storrs (Conn.) Expt. Sta. since 1887; founded, 1888, and until 1891 director, Office Expt. Stas., U. S. Dept. Agr. ; since 1891 sp'l agt. Dept. Agr., and since 1894 in charge of nutrition investigations; has published over 100 papers on chem. and allied sub- jects; tn. Aug. 26, 1874, Marcia Woodard, Bangor, Me. Address: Middletown, Conn.

ATWILL, Edward Robert, P. E. bishop of West Mo., consecrated Oct. 14, 1890; b. Red Hook, N. Y., Feb. 18, 1840; s. Robert E. and Margaret A. ; grad. Columbia, New York, 1862; (D. D., Univ. of Vt.); grad. Gen. Theol. Sem., New York, 1864. Rector St. Paul's, Burlington, Vt., 1867-80; Trinity, To- ledo, O., 1881-90; m. Mary Whiting. Address: 1709 Lin wood Av., Kansas City, Mo.

ATWOOD, Charles Edwin, M. D. ; 6.

Shoreham, Vt., July 21, 1861; grad. Cornell, 1880, followed by a year there in natural his- tory and preparatory med. course; grad. Bellevue Hosp. Med. Coll., 1883. Entered civil service of the State of N. Y., Jan., 1885, after competitive exam., as asst. physician Hudson River State Hosp., Poughkeepsie; transferred to Utica State Hosp., 1887; was also asso. editor Am. Journal of Insanity for iY2 yrs.; since 1892 on med. staff Soc. N. Y. Hosp., Bloomingdale, and clinical asst. in nervous diseases med. dept. Columbia. Mem. Am. Social Science Ass'n, Nat. Inst. of Art, Science and Letters; asso. mem. Am. Psychological Ass'n, and N. Y. Co. Med. Soc; has served as med. expert in courts, etc. ; tn. Feb. 5, 1896, Helen Pearce Jarvis, New York. Address: Bloomingdale, White Plains, N. Y., or 10 W. 16th St., New York.

ATWOOD, Isaac Morgan, gen. supt. of Universalist Ch. in U. S. and Canada since Oct., 1898; b. Pembroke, N. Y., March 24, 1838; s. O. J. and Nancy (Shearer) A.; ed. Royalton Acad, and Lockport High School; prepared for sophomore entrance at Yale; M. A., St. Lawrence Univ., 1871; D. D., Tufts Coll., 1879; m. Clarendon, N. Y., Oct. 29, 1861, Almira Church; ordained, 1861 ;- served in various Universalist pastorates; edited Christian Leader, 1867-72; pres. Can- ton Theol. Sem., 1879-99; now asso. editor Universalist Leader, Boston. Author: Have We Outgrown Christianity? 1870; Latest Word of Universalism, 1879; Walks About Zion, 1880; Episcopacy, 1885; Revelation, 1893; Balance Sheet of Biblical Criticism,

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

1896, all U18; A System of Christian Doc- trines, 12. Address: 159 Meigs St., Rochester, N. Y. ATWOOD, Lemuel T., treasurer and edi- torial supt. Scripps-McRae League; b. Ab- ington, Mass., Sept. 17, 1852; 5. Albert A.; ed. public schools Mass., Ky., 111. and Ohio, 1858-65; grad. law dept. Univ. of Mich., 1876; m. Sept. 10, 1877, Kate Kenton. Practiced law 6 yrs. ; reporter and city editor Cincin- nati Post, 1882-9; editor same, 1889-95; ed- itorial supt. Scripps-McRae League, con- sisting of Cincinnati Post, Covington, Ky., Post, Cleveland Press, St. Louis Chronicle, and Kansas City World, since 1895. Residence: St. Leger PI., Walnut Hills. Office: Care The Post, Cincinnati.

AUCHINCLOSS, William Stuart, civil eng'r; b. New York, March 19, 1842; grad. Rensselaer Polytechnic Inst. (C. E.), 1862; in construction dept. A. & G. W. Ry., and Jersey City Locomotive W'ks, 1863-9; U. S. comm'r to Paris Exp'n, 1867; mfr. rolling stock and ship-builder, 1871-9; commission mcht., 1879-95; inventor of averaging in- strument for rapid calculation of accounts. Author: Link and Valve Motions (published in New York, Germany and Holland). Ad- dress: Reading, Pa.

AUDSLEY, George Ashdown, architect, author; b. Elgin, Scotland, Sept. 6, 1838; came to U. S., 1892; has since practiced as architect in New York; in conjunction with his brother, William James. Audsley, built Layton Art Gallery, Milwaukee, Bowling Green offices, New York, etc. Author: (with William J. Audsley): Illuminated Sermon on the Mount; Illuminated Prisoner of Chil- lon; Guide to Illuminating and Missal Paint- ing; Handbook of Christian Symbolism; Cot- tage, Lodge and Villa Architecture; Poly- chromatic Decoration Applied to Buildings in the Gothic Styles; Outlines of Ornament in all Styles; Taste versus Fashionable Colors; Popular Dictionary of Architecture and the Allied Arts (unfinished). Author: Keramic Art of Japan; Ornamental Arts of Japan; The Art of Chromolithography ; The Prac- tical Decorator; also several lesser publica- tions. Residence: Plainfield, N. J. Office: 11 Broadway, New York.

AULD, John Maxwell, physician; b. Hen- ry Co., la., June 5, 1855; s. George Todd and Martha Ann A. ; grad. Coll. of Phys. & Surg., Keokuk, la., 1880; attended post- grad., New York, 1889. Prof, rectal surgery, Harvey Med. Coll. (formerly West Chicago Med. Coll., post-grad, and poly.); attend- ing surgeon Bapt. Hosp. Mem. la. State Med. Soc; Am. Med. Assn. since 1887; Path. Soc, and Physicians Club; Mississippi Valley Med. Soc. Office: 100 State St., Chi- cago.

AURINGER. Oltetliah Cyrus, clergyman, author; b. Glens Falls, N. Y., June 4, 1849; s. Francis Strong and Eliza (Denis) A. ; studied in public schools; ed'n completed by private tutors in literature and science; in U. S. Marine Corps, 1871, and passed 4 yrs. on flagship Worcester, in tropics; en- gaged in agr. until 1889; ordained Presby'n

minister, 1890; pastor Northwood, N. Y , 1889-92; Third Presby'n Ch., Troy, since 1892; m. 1876, Mrs. Eva Hendryx, Glens Falls, N. Y. Mem. Authors Club. Author: (poems): Scythe and Sword, 1887 L9; The Heart of the Golden Roan, 1890 L9; Book of the Hills, 1896 Lll; The Christ, 1900 P2. Has written various articles on prehistoric anthropology, poems, etc., to mags, and papers. Address: Grant, N. Y.

AUSTEN, Peter Townsend, chemist; b. Clifton, S. I., N. Y., Sept. 10, 1852; grad. Col- umbia School of Mines, Ph. B. ; Zurich, Ph. D. ; instr. chemistry Dartmouth, 1876; prof, chemistry Rutgers Coll. and the N. J. Scientific School, 1877-87; resigned chair be- cause of large private practice; continued with the coll. as univ. extension lecturer; prof, chemistry Brooklyn Polytechnic Inst., 1893-8; became, 1899, pres. Austen Chemical Research Co. ; mem. of many Am. and for- eign chem. socs. ; often called as a chem. expert in court; has patented numerous im- portant mfg. processes. Address: 52 Beaver St., New York.

AUSTIN, George Curtis, lawyer; b. Sa- luvia, Pa., July 19, 1863; studied law; prac- tices in New York; several yrs. instr. in law of contracts, New York Law School; mem. New York Assembly, 1896-7. Author: Dwight Method of Legal Instruction. Residence: 265 W. 93d St. Office: 192 Broadway, New York.

AUSTIN, Henry, lawyer, author; b. Bos- ton, Mass., Dec. 21, 1858; practices law in Boston. Has been a comm'r of insolvency for 6 yrs., and is an asso. justice of the mu- nicipal court of Boston (West Roxbury Dist.). Author: The Law Concerning Farms; American Farm and Game Laws; American Fish and Game Laws; Liquor Law in New England. Address: 332 Tremont Bldg., Bos-' ton.

AUSTIN, Osear Phelps, chief Bureau Sta- tistics, Treas. Dept., since May, 1898; b. in 111. ; m. Anna M. Richardson. Has been a writer during entire business life; reporter, editor, Washington corr. for metropolitan dailies; active in politics; edited documents for Rep. Nat. Com., 1892, 1896. Author: Un- cle Sam's Secrets; Uncle Sam's Soldiers, etc. (series historical and statistical novels for youth); Colonial Systems of the World; Submarine Telegraphs of the World; etc. Residence: 1620 Mass. Av. Office: Treasury Dept., Washington.

A VARY, Myrta Loekett, missionary re- porter, editor; b. in Va. ; m. Dr. James Cor- bin Avary; for some time resident of New York, serving on editorial staff of several periodicals; since 1897 on staff of The Chris- tian Herald. Has been contributor to The Outlook, Independent, Success, the Les- lie publications, Harper's Bazar, Judge, Truth, The Sun, The Tribune, Atlanta Con- stitution, Atlanta Journal, New Orleans Times-Democrat and other high-class jour- nals; specialist in stories of tenement life; well known as fiction writer and poet; some of her fiction work has been incorporated into volumes of selected stories. Promi- nently connected with fresh-air work and

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

other metropolitan philanthropies. Address: Care Christian Herald, Bible House, New York.

AVEML.li, John H., dir.-gen. Charleston Exp'n. Connected with rys. many years; master transportation Charlotte, Columbia & Augusta R. R., during the war; div. supervisor B. & O. R. R., 1878-9; master transportation S. C. Ry., 1879-86; gen. supt. same, 1886-91; supt. Port Royal & Western R. R. of Ga., Jan. to March, 1891; gen. mgr. Charleston, Sumter & Northern R. R., 1891-5; also formerly gen. supt. Blackville, Alston & Newbury Ry., and supt. Charles- ton, Cincinnati & Chicago R. R. ; receiver and gen. mgr. Port Royal & Augusta Ry. since 1893. Address: Charlston, S. C.

AVERY, Alphonso Calhoun, lawyer; b. Swan Ponds, Burke Co., N. C, Sept. 11, 1835; grad. Univ. of N. C, 1857; studied law under Chief Justice Pearson of N. C. ; served in 6th N. C. regt. as 1st It. and capt. and as asst. insp.-gen. with rank of maj. on staffs of Gens. D. H. Hill and J. B. Hood, C. S. A. ; was organizing regt. and had apptmt. of col. when Lee surrendered. Mem. legis., 1866; elected to State senate, 1868, but was not allowed to take his seat; mem. Constitutional con v., 1875; Tilden elector, 1876; judge superior court, 1878-88; judge supreme court, N. C, 1888-96; defeated for reelection, 1896. Was recommended for U. S. circuit judge, to fill vacancy caused by death of Judge Bond. Address: Morgan- ton, N. C.

AVERY, Elroy McKendree, author; b. Erie, Monroe Co., Mich., July 14, 1844; j. Caspar Hugh and Dorothy (Putnam) A.; grad. Univ. of Mich., Ph. B., 1871; (Ph. M., ^Ph. D., Hillsdale Coll., LL. D.). Served in ^Civil war; mustered out at close as sergt.- maj. 11th Mich. vol. cav. ; m. July 2, 1870, Catherine Hitchcock Tilden. Prin. high school, Battle Creek, Mich., and high and normal schools, Cleveland, O. Mem. Cleve- land City Council, 1891-2; of Ohio Senate, 1893-7; fellow A. A. A. S. ; mem. of many hist, and economic socs. Author: Elemen- tary Physics, 1876 B7; Elements of Na- tional Philosophy, 1878 S5; Physical Tech- nics, 1879 S5; Teachers' Hand Book of Nat- ural Philosophy, 1879 S5; Elements of Chemistry, 1881 S5; Teachers' Hand Book of Chemistry, 1882 S5; Complete Chemistry, 1883 S5; First Principles of Natural Phi- losophy, 1884 S5; Words Correctly Spoken, 1887 B7; Columbus and the Columbia Bri- gade, 1892 B7; School Physics, 1895 B31; Ele- mentary Physics, 1897 B31; First Lessons in Physical Science, 1897 B31; School Chemis- try, 1901. Since 1885 has been writing a Popular History of the United States, 12 vols, royal 8vo., 12. Address: 657 Woodland Hills Av., Cleveland, O. AVERY, John, physician, surgeon; b. Watertown, N. Y., 1824; ^. John A.; ed. Grass Lake Acad., Mich.; grad. Cleveland Med. Coll., 1849; m. Romeo, Mich., 1852, Jane H. Ewell. Mem. Mich, legislature, 1869-72; mem. and pres. Mich. State Bd. of Health, 1880-92; served 3 yrs. in Civil war, surgeon 21st Mich, inf.; mem. Congress,

1893-7; mem. local and nat. med. socs.; Rep, Address: Greenville, Mich.

AVERY, Rachel Foster, corr. sec. Nat- Suffrage Ass'n; b. Pittsburg, Dec. 30, 1858- d. J. Heron Foster; ed. in Phila. and in Europe; studied political economy at Univ. of Zurich. From girlhood has been active in woman suffrage movement; has had charge of numerous convs. and the Neb. campaign; m. Nov., 1888, Cyrus Miller Av- ery. Address: 4069 Powelton Av., Philadel- phia.

AVERY, Robert, lawyer; b. Tunkhannock, Pa., Sept. 22, 1839; s. Abel Marcy and Eu- phemia Pell A.; ed. Wyo. Sem., Kingston, Pa.; m. New York, July 4, 1874, Virginia C. Risley. Admitted to bar, 1870; served capt. to bvt. maj. -gen. Civil war, 1861-5; pres. Union Loan and Investment Co., Niagara Tin Smelting Co., Locomotive Fuel Saving Co., Burlington and Hinesburg R. R. Co., Brooklyn Hygienic Ice Co., and v. -p. and gen. counsel M. J. Dady & Co. Mem. G. A. R., and Mil. Order of the Loyal Legion. Residence: 98 Second PI., Brooklyn. Office: 11 Broadway, New York.

AVERY, Samuel, prof, chemistry Univ. of Ida., and chemist of Agr'l Expt. Sta. since Sept., 1899; b. Lamoille, 111., April 19, 1865; grad. Doane Coll., Crete, Neb., 1887; Univ. of Neb., B. Sc, 1892; Ph. D., Heidel- berg, 1896; adjunct prof, chemistry Univ. of Neb.; m. Aug. 4, 1897, May B. Bennett. Mem. Am. Chem. Soc. ; German Chem. Soc, Berlin. Joint author of Nicholson & Av. ery's Exercises in Chemistry, H4. Address: Moscow, Ida.

AVERY, Samuel Putnam, retired mcht. ; b. New York, March 17, 1822; learned cop- per-plate engraving; was with a bank note co., later a wood engraver; compiled and illus. several vols, of humorous quality; in 1865 added to his business art publishing and dealing in art works, retiring, 1888. Was comm'r Am. Art Dept., Paris Exp'n, 1867; sec. Art. Com. Union League Club; a founder and long trustee Met. Museum of Art; life mem. Am. Museum of Nat. Hist., Am. Geog. Soc, Am. Hist. Soc, Chamber of Commerce, Am. Zool. Soc. ; pres. Grolier Club; v.-p. Sculpture Soc, etc. With his wife, Mary Ann (Ogden) Avery, created and endowed, 1891, the Avery Architectural Library at Columbia Coll. (now 15,000 vols.) in memory of their deceased son, Henry Ogden Avery. Address: 4 E. 38th St., New York. AYER, Benjamin F., general counsel 111. Cen. R. R., since Jan. 1, 1890; b. Kingston Rockingham Co., N. H., April 22, 1825 grad. Dartmouth, 1846 (LL. D., 1878) studied Dane Law School, Harvard; ad- mitted to N. H. bar, 1849; practiced at Man- chester, N. H., 1849-57; since then in Chi- cago. Mem. N. H. legislature, 1853; pros, atty. Hillsborough Co., 1854-7; corporation counsel, Chicago, 1861-3; general solicitor 111. Cen. R. R., 1876-90; director same since 1877; m. 1868, Janet H., d. U. S. Dist. Judge James C. Hopkins (now deceased) of Mad- ison, Wis. Residence: 99 Lincoln Park Boul.

I Office: 111. Central Station, Chicago.

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

AYER, Edward E., capitalist; b. Har- vard, 111. For many yrs. at head of Ayer & Lord, mfrs. ry. ties, from which he retired; has extensive lumber interests in S. and S. W. ; was pres. Field Columbian Museum, 1893-8; life mem. Am. Hist. Assn. Has one of the finest private libraries in U. S. and an especially noteworthy collection of Americana. Residence: 1 Bank St. Office: Old Colony Bldg., Chicago.

AYER, Frederick Fanning, lawyer; b. Lowell, Mass., Sept. 12, 1851; s. James Cook Ayer and Josephine Mellen (Southwick) A. ; not married. Admitted to Mass. bar, 1875; since his father's death, 1878, has managed the great properties of the Ayer estate; presented Ayer Memorial Library costing $40,000, to town of Ayer, Mass. Director The Lake Superior Ship Canal, Ry. and Iron Co., The Portage Lake and River Improvement Co., Lowell & Andover R. R., and J. C. Ayer Co., New York Trib- une Ass'n, The Tremont and Suffolk Mills, etc. Address: Mills Bldg., New York.

AYER, Harriet Hubbard, journalist, au- thor; b. Chicago, 1854; d. Henry G. and Juliet Elvira Hubbard; grad. Sacred Heart Convent, Chicago, 1869; m. Chicago, 1869, Herbert Copeland Ayer (died, 1899). Born and reared in luxury, married at 16 to man of large wealth; society leader; extensive traveler, linguist, woman of fashion. In 1883 husband failed for over $2,000,000. She voluntarily gave up her home and all her belongings for benefit of her husband's creditors, and went into trade; established mfg. business; cleared $200,000 in 4 yrs. Ill health forced her to give up management of business, which lost money from the date of her retirement. In 1894 retired from com- mercial life to accept editorial position on New York World; has educated her daugh- ters in best European schools and has maintained her family without aid; now the highest paid woman journalist in U. S. Author: Harriet Hubbard Ayer's Book, New York, 1900. Residence: 129 E. 17th St. Office: New York World, New York.

AYER. Joseph Cnllen, Jr., P. E. cler- gyman; b. Newton, Mass., Jan. 7, 1866; s, Joseph Cullen and Caroline Eliza (Rob- erts) A. ; ed. univs. of Harvard, Berlin, Halle and Leipzig; grad. Episcopal Theol. School, Cambridge, Mass., 1887, Ph. D., Leipzig, 1893; tn. Groveland, Mass., Jan. 11, 1894, Cora Julia Whittaker. Fellow, by courtesy, Johns Hopkins, 1899-1900; lecturer on Canon Law, Episcopal Theol. School, Cambridge, Mass., 1901; mem. Am. Hist. Soc. Author: Die Ethik Joseph Butlers. Ed- itor The World's Orators (G. C. Lee, ed- itor-in-chief), vol. 2, vol. 3 (collaboration) and vol. 4, 1900 P2. Wrote: The Development of the Appellate Jurisdiction of the Roman See, in vol. viii, Am. Soc. of Ch. History; The Ecclesiastical Authority sede vacante, Am. Ch. ; also articles on music and paint- ing in Living Church and Church Eclectic. Address: Sandwich, Mass.

AYERS; see also Ayres.

AYERS, Howard, pres. Univ. Cincinnati since July 1, 1899; b. Olympia, Wash., May

21, 1861; grad. Harvard, S. B., 1883; grad. Univ. of Frieberg, Germany, Ph. D., 1885; studied Univs. of Strasburg and Heidelberg (LL. D. Univ. of Mo., 1899). Director Lake Laboratory, 1889-93; mem. staff of instruc- tion Marine Biol. Laboratory, Wood's Holl, Mass., since 1889; instr. in zoology, Har- vard, and Radcliffe Coll.; prof, biology, Univ. of Mo., 1894-9. Pres. Scientific Ass'n, Univ. of Mo., 1894-9; mem. Am. Soc. Nat- uralists, Am. Morphol. Soc; fellow A. A. A. S. ; corr. mem. Phila. Acad, of Sciences. Author: The Vertebrate Ear; and other works and papers on morphology of ani- mals; also on education. Residence: 3240 Bur- net Av., Cincinnati.

AYLESWORTH, Barton Orville, pres. Colo. State Coll. since 1900; b. Athens, 111., Sept. 5, 1860; s. Ezra M. and Malinda A.; grad. Eureka Coll., 1879; (A. M., Bethany Coll.; LL. D., Drake Univ.); m. Dec. 12, 1882, Georgia L. Shores. Pres. Drake Univ., 1889-97; pastor Central Ch. of Christ, Den- ver, 1897-9; lecturer on recent Am. litera- ture. Author: Thirteen and Twelve Others; Song and Fable. Address: Fort Collins, Colo.

AYLSWORTH, Nicholas John, clergy- man (Disciples of Christ); b. Lake Co., 111., Jan. 15, 1843; j. John and Ann Frances A.; grad. Univ. of Chicago, 1863, A. M., 1866; tn. Chicago, March 14, 1863, Nancy M. Oat- man. Prin. academic school at Barrington, 111., 1863-5; established chs. at Angola and Fort Wayne, Ind., 1870-7; disabled invalid, 1881-96; paid corr. The Christian Evangel- ist, St. Louis, since 1896. Author: Moral and Spiritual Aspects of Baptism, 1901, C28; and monograph: Frequency of the Lord's Sup- per, Considered with Reference to Its Na- ture and Uses: or, A Study of the Law of Repetition in Its Relation to Public Wor- ship, 1899 C28. Address: 7 Myrtle Av., Au- burn, N. Y.

AYLSWORTH, "William Prince, pres. Cotner Univ.; b. Cuba, 111., Dec. 12, 1844; s. John and Ann Frances (Freeman) A. ; ed. public schools, Univ. of Chicago, and Beth- any Coll.; grad. from latter, 1869; A. M., 1883; (LL. D., Cotner Univ.). Taught in common schools; prin. schools Waukegan, 111., 1866-7; after graduation entered Chris- tian (Disciples) ministry, and was pastor of chs. in Angola, Ft. Wayne and Greens- burg, Ind., and Columbus, O. Taught in Fairfield Coll. and Cotner Univ. ; became pres. of latter, 1896; m. Dec. 5, 1871, Mary Doane Stuzaker. Address: Lincoln, Neb.

AYRES; see also Ayers.

"AYRES. Alfred"; see Osmun, Thomas Embley.

AYRES, Brown, prof, of physics Tulane Univ. of La., since 1880; b. Memphis, Tenn., May 25, 1856; s. Samuel W. and Elizabeth (Cook) A.; early ed'n private schools Mem- phis and New Orleans; eng'ring course Washington and Lee Univ.; grad. Stevens Inst. Technology, B. Sc, 1878 (Ph. D., 1888); fellow Johns Hopkins, 1879-80; dean Coll. Technology, Tulane Univ., 1894-1900; vice- chmn. of faculty of Tulane Univ. of La., 1890; vi. Lexington, Va., July 5, 1881, Katie

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

A. Anderson. Fellow A. A. A. S.; mem. Am. Inst. Electrical Eng'rs, Am. Phys. Soc, Ass'n Promotion Eng'ring Ed'n; see. physics sect. A. A. A. S., 1892; mem. elec. jury, World's Columbian Exp'n, 1893, At- lanta Exp'n, 1895, Nashville Exp'n, 1897. Address: 4206 St. Charles Av., New Orleans.

AYRES, Milan Church, editor The Bos- ton Daily Advertiser, since Sept., 1890; b. Lewiston, 111., May 17, 1850; j. Lorenzo Dow and Lucy (Trowbridge) A. ; prepara- tory ed'n, Independence, 111., 1854-64, State Agr'l Coll., Manhattan, Kan., 1864-6; grad. Yale Coll., dept. Theology, 1879; grad. Nat. School Elocution and Oratory, Phila., Oct. 1876; took post-graduate course Yale Coll., dept. Theology, 1880-1; m. Wetmore, Kan., Dec. 24, 1871, Georgiana Gall. Teacher Wet- more Inst., Kan., 1867-8; home missionary preacher in Kan., 1872-6; pastor Cong'l Ch., Southington, Conn., 1880-4; journalist and stenographic law reporter, Boston, 1884-90; Rep. Mem. and one of founders, Twentieth Century Club, Boston. Author: Phillips Brooks in Boston (with introduction by Rev. W. J. Tucker, D. D., Pres. of Dart- mouth Coll.), 1893 El. Wrote: Review of The Christ of To-day, by Rev. G. A. Gordon, D. D., Bibliotheca Sacra, Oct., 1896. Residence: 32 Copeland St. Office: 246 Washington St., Boston.

AYRES, Philip Wheelock, supt. of the Summer School in Philanthropic Work, New York Charity Organization Soc, since 1898; b. Winterset, la., May 26, 1861; 5. Elias J. A.; early ed'n public schools, Villa Ridge, 111.; grad. Cornell, 1884; (Ph. D., Johns Hopkins, 1888); m. Newton, Mass., Aug. 8, 1899, Alice Stanley Taylor. Tutor Johns Hopkins, 1886-7; fellow same, 1887-8; in charity organization work since 1888; gen. sec. Associated Charities, Cincinnati, 1889- 95; studied penal and charitable inst'ns, in Europe, 1895; gen. sec. Bureau of Asso- ciated Charities, Chicago, 1895-7; asst. sec. Charity Organization Soc, New York, 1897- 1900; mem. Nat. Conf. of Charities and Cor- rections. Wrote: Hist. Reviews in The Out- look, 1886-8; articles in Charities Review, since 1894; articles in Proc Nat. Conf. Char- ities, 1895-9; articles in Proc. Internat. Conf. Charities and Corrections, Chicago, 1893. Address: 105 E. 22d St., New York.

AYRES, Samuel Gardiner, librarian Drew Theol. Sem., Madison, N. J., since 1888; b. Peru, N. Y., April 25, 1865; grad. Burlington (Vt.) High School, 1885; Drew Theol. Sem., 1888; (D. B., 1891); m. April 25, 1889, Ollie Reynolds, Keeseville, N. Y. Author: Drew Theol. Sem. Record; Fifty Literary Evenings; History of the English Bible, Studied by the Library Method (with C. F. Sitterly, Ph. D.). Assisted in revision McClintock & Strong's Encyclopedia. Con- tributor to religious periodicals. Address: Madison, N. J.

AZPIROZ, Manuel tie, ambassador of Mexico to U. S. since 1899; b. Puebla, State of Puebla, Mexico, June 8, 1836; grad. Univ. of Mexico, 1856; Coll. of Lawyers, Puebla, 1863; m. Chihuahua, Mexico, Dec. 2, 1866,

Dona Belen Garcia. Sub-It. arty., May, 1862; capt. inf., July, 1862, commandant (maj.) inf., June, 1863; lt.-col., July, 1866; col., Jan. 16, 1899. Prof, law, State Coll., Pu- ebla, 1882-90; prof. languages, Normal School, Puebla, 1882-90; sec. of govt., State of Puebla, 1882-5; sec. of gov. Chihuahua, 1865-6; asst. sec. foreign affairs, Mexico, 1867-72, 1890-9. Agt. of Mexico before Mixed Claims Comm'n, Washington, 1872-3; con- sul of Mexico, San Francisco, Calif., 1873-6; senator, 1876. Mem. Sociedad de Geografia y Estadistica, Mexico; Nacional Colegio de Abogados, Mexico; Academia Mexicana de Legislacion y Jurisprudencia, Correspond- iente de la Real de Madrid, Mexico; Asso- ciacao dos Advogados, Lisbon, Portugal; comdr. Order of Jesus Christ, of Portugal. Author: Causa de Maximiliano de Haps- burgo, Miramon y Meja, 1867; Codigo de Extranjeria de los Estados Unidos de Me- jico, 1876; La Libertad, Civil Como Base del Derecho Internacional Privado, 1896; also contributor on law topics to Los Derechos del Hombre; reviews, etc Address: 1413 1 St., N. W., Washington.

BABB, Cyrus Gates, civil engr., hydro- grapher U. S. Geol. Survey since 1895; b. Portland, Me., June 18, 1867; 5. Cyrus K. B. ; grad. Mass. Inst. Technology; mem. Nat. Geog. Soc, Geol. Soc. of Washington; asso. mem. Soc. Civ. Eng'rs. Author: Va- rious articles in scientific journals. Residence: 1118 R. I. Av. Office: U. S. Geological Sur- vey, Washington.

BABBITT, Edwin Dwight, dean Coll. Fine Forces (scientific sun healing), founded in 1883; b. Hamden, N. Y., Feb. 1, 1828; attended Knox Coll.; M. D., Eclectic Med. Coll., Cincinnati, 1883; (LL. D.); m. Mrs. Elizabeth S. Clark, New Haven, Conn. Author: Principles of Light and Color; Hu- man Culture and Cure; Health and Power; etc. Address: 61 N. 2d St., San Jose, Calif.

BABBITT, Prank Cole, prof. Greek, Trinity Coll., since 1899; b. Bridgewater, Conn., June 4, 1867; s. Isaac and Sarah (Cole) B.; ed. common schools and Phillips Acad., Andover, Mass.; grad. Harvard, 1890; (A. M., 1892, Ph. D., 1895); m. Newton, Mass., June 28, 1900, Ethel Hall. Taught in common schools, Conn., 1885-7; private school, Boston, 1890-5; fellow Am. School of Classical Studies, Athens, 1895-6; instr. Greek, Harvard, 1896-8; Trinity Coll., Hart- ford, 1898-9; mem. Phi Beta Kappa, Am. Archaeol. Inst., Am. Philol. Ass'n. Author: Greek Grammar, 1900 Al; and other papers in Am. Journal of Archaeology, and Har- vard Studies in Classical Philology. Address: 65 Vernon St., Hartford, Conn.

BABBITT, Juliette M., v. -p. League of Am. Pen Women, 1900-1901; b. Hancock Co., 111.; d. Joseph and Susanne Younger; ed. in Iowa; in. Magnolia, la., Dec 19, 1863, Charles Henry Babbitt. Writer of short stories, mag. articles, Washington gossip

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

for Western papers, syndicate matter; Washington representative of New York Mirror, 1879-91; New York Home Journal, sp'l articles and letters, 1888-1900; librarian League of Am. Pen Women, 1898-1900. Ad- dress: 933 Mass. Av. N. W., Washington.

BABCOCK, Charles, P. E. clergyman, emeritus prof, architecture, Cornell; b. Ballston Spa, N. Y. ; s. Rev. Deodatus and Mary (Hine) B. ; grad. Union Coll., N. Y., 1847; (A. M., 1850); mem. firm of Richard Upjohn & Co., architects, New York, 1853-8; ordered deacon, 1860; ordained priest, 1864; rector Greenwood Iron Works, N. Y., 1863- 71; St. Paul's, Ithaca, N. Y., 1874-92; prof, architecture, Cornell, since 1871 — now emeritus; hon. mem. Am. Inst. Architects; hon. corr. mem. Royal Inst. Brit. Archi- tects. Address: Sage Av., Ithaca, N. Y.

BABCOCK, Earle Jay, prof, chemistry and geology, State Univ., and State geolo- gist, N. Dak.; b. St. Charles, Minn., June 11, 1865; s. David L. and Lavinia P. (Camp- bell) B. ; attended Carlton Coll.; grad. (B. S.) Univ. of Minn., 1889; took sp'l studies after graduation; is director State School of Mines, N. Dak. ; has worked extensively on U. S. Geol. Survey; author of geol. re- ports and sp'l scientific articles. Address: Univ. of N. Dak., Grand Forks, N. Dak.

BABCOCK, Joseph Weeks, congress- man, mfr. ; b. Swan ton, Vt., March 6, 1850; removed to Iowa, 1855; ed. at Mt. Vernon and Cedar Falls, la. ; removed to Necedah, Wis., 1881; m. 1867, Mary A. Finch, Lyons, la. Elected to Wis. assembly, 1888 and 1890; mem. Congress 3d Wis. Dist., 1893-1903; chmn. Com. on D. C. ; chmn. Nat. Rep. Congressional Com., campaigns of 1894, 1896, 1898 and 1900. Home: Necedah, Wis.

BABCOCK, Kendric Charles, assistant prof, history and political science, Univ. of Calif.; b. S. Brookfield, N. Y., Sept. 8, 1864; grad. Univ. of Minn., 1889 (Harvard, A. M., 1895; Ph. D., 1896). Brought up on farm; taught country schools, N. Y., 1881-5; instr. history and Old English, 1890-4, Univ. of Minn. Contributor to Forum, Atlantic, etc. Pres. Delta Tau Delta fraternity, 1893-9. Not married. Address: 2727 Bancroft Way, Berkeley, Calif.

BABCOCK, Samuel Denison, capitalist, pres. and director Internat. Bell Telephone Co., New York, Central, Colonial and Man- hattan Real Estate Ass'ns, director Am. Exchange Nat. Bank, Bank of New Amster- dam, Nat. Union Bank. N. Y. C. & H. R. R. Co., and numerous other corporations; mem. Am. Geog. Soc, Nat. Acad. Design, Metropolitan museum of Art, Am. Museum of Natural History, etc. Residence: 636 5th Av. Office: 32 Nassau St., New York.

BABCOCK, Stephen Moulton, chemist to Wis. Agr'l Expt. Sta., since 1888; b. Bridgewater, N. Y., Oct. 22, 1843; 5. Peleg B. B.; ed. Babeock Hill School, 1850-7, Clinton Liberal Inst., 1858-60; grad. Tufts Coll., 1866, studied chemistry, Cornell, 1872-5 (Ph. D., Gottingen Univ., Germany, 1877); m. Winfleld, N. Y., Oct. 27, 1896, May Cran- dall. Instr. chemistry Cornell, 1875-6; chem-

ist to N. Y. Agr'l Expt. Sta., 1888-1900; con- tributor to reports. Address: 432 Lake St., Madison, Wis.

BABCOCK, Washington Irving, pres. Chicago Ship Bldg. Co., since 1900; b. Ston- ington, Conn., Sept. 21, 1858; s. Capt. David S. and Charlotte A. (Noyes) B. ; ed. public schools Brooklyn; grad. Brooklyn Polytech- nic Inst., B. S., 1896; Rensselaer Polytech- nic Inst., Troy, N. Y., C. E., 1878; m. New Orleans, Jan. 1, 1890, Grace W., d. Hon. H. P. Kernochan of La. Mem. Am. Soc. Mech. Eng'rs, Soc. Naval Architects and Marine Eng'rs, Am. Soc. Naval Eng'rs, U. S. Nav- al Inst., Western Soc. Eng'rs, Inst'n Naval Architects, London, England; was at Roach's Ship Yard, Chester, Pa., 1878-85; Providence and Stonington Steamship Co., New York, 1885-7; supt. Union Dry Dock Co., Buffalo, N. Y., 1887-9; mgr. Chicago Ship Bldg. Co., Chicago, 1889-99; has pub- lished numerous technical papers in pro- ceedings of socs. Address: 35 Pearson St., Chicago.

BABCOCK, William H., lawyer, author; b. St. Louis, Jan. 1, 1849; grad. Columbian (Washington, D. C.,) Univ. Law School, 1869 (B. L.); m. 1st, June, 1874, Anne Johns Earle, Queen Anne's Co., Md. ; 2d, Aug. 18, 1897, Mrs. Gertrude Lee Mahood, Richmond, Va. Lawyer and editor, Kansas City, 1869- 70; editor St. Paul, Minn., 1872; asst. exam- iner in patent office, 1873-5; since then in patent law practice. Mem. Anthrop. Soc, Washington. Author: Lord Stirling's Stand, and Other Poems; Lays from Over Sea; Cy- press Beach; The Brides of the Tiger; An Invention of the Enemy; Cian of the Char- iots; Two last Centuries of Britain; The Tower of Wye, 1901 C 4. Home: "Rock Hav- en," on Ridge Road, nr. Georgetown, D. C. Office: 709 G St., Washington.

BACHE, Dallas, asst. to surgeon-gen. U. S. A., with rank of col.; b. in Pa.; apptd. asst. surgeon U. S. A., May 28, 1861; bvt. capt. and maj., 1865; capt. and asst. surgeon, May 28, 1866; maj. and surgeon, Aug. 5, 1867; lt.-col. surgeon, Feb. 9, 1890; col. and asst. surgeon-gen., April 18, 1895. Residence: The Cairo, Washington.

BACHE. Bene. mag. and newspaper writ- er; b. Phila. ; .?. R. Meade B. ; ed. Harvard and Yale (not graduated). In journalism and literature since 1889. Address: 1823 Q St., Washington.

BACHELLER, Irving, autbor; b. Pier- pont, N. Y., Sept. 26, 1859; s. Sanford Paul and Achsah Ann (Buckland) B. ; ed. Can- ton, N. Y., Acad.; grad. St. Lawrence Univ., B. S., 1882, M. S., 1892; m. Brook- lyn, Dec. 13, 1883, Anna Detmar Schultz. Ac- tively connected with press of New York for years; until recently one of the editors of the New York World. Author: The Mas- ter of Silence, 1890 W10; The Still House of O'Darrow, 1894 CI; Eben Holden, 1900 L9; D'ri and I, 1901 L9. Residence: 320 St. Nich- olas Av., New York.

BACHEH, Otto H., artist; b. Cleveland, O., March 31, 1856; s. Henry and Charlotte B.; pupil of Duveneck, Carolus-Duran,

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

Boulanger and Lefebvre; m. Cleveland, O., 1888, Mary Holland. Mem. Soc. Am. Artists since 1892. Address: Lawrence Park, Bronx- ville, N. Y.

BACKUS, Truman Jay, pres. Packer Collegiate Inst.; b. Milan, N. Y., Feb. 11, 1842; j. Rev. Jay S. B. (D. D.); grad. Univ. of Rochester, 1864 (A. M., 1867; LL. D., 1883); m. 1st, Jan. 9, 1866, Sarah C. Glass; 2d, July 16, 1883, Helen C. Hiscock, Syra- cuse. Was Brooklyn civil service comm'r under Mayors Schieren and Wurster; pres. bd. of mgrs. of civil service system and of State care of the insane. Author: Great Eng- lish Writers; Outlines of English Litera- ture; Reviser of Shaw's "History of En- glish Literature." Residence: 5 Kingston St. Office: Packer Collegiate Inst., Brooklyn.

BACON, Alice Mabel, teacher, editor Southern Workman; b. New Haven, Conn., Feb. 26, 1858; ed. private schools; Harvard examinations, 1881; taught at Hampton Inst., 1883-8; went to Japan and taught at Tokyo, 1888-9; returned to Hampton Inst., 1889; founded Dixie Hosp. for training col- ored nurses, 1890; teaching 1900-2 in Girls' High School, Tokyo, Japan. Author: Jap- anese Girls and Women; Japanese Interior. Address: Hampton Inst., Hampton, Va.

BACON, Ausustns Octavius, U. S. sena- tor from Ga., 1895-1907; b. Bryan Co., Ga., Oct. 20, 1839; grad. Univ. of Ga., 1859; law dept. same, 1860. Served as regim'tl adjt. and staff capt. in C. S. A. ; in law practice in Macon since 1866; presd'l elector, 1868; mem. 1870-82, 1892 and 1893; speaker, 1873-4 and 1877-81, Ga. Ho. of Reps.; Democrat; m. Miss Virginia Lamar. Home: Macon, Ga.

BACON, Re ii .jam in Wisner, prof. New Testament criticism and exegesis, Yale since 1896; b. Litchfield, Conn., Jan. 15, 1860 grad. Yale, 1881 (B. D., 1884; A. M., 1891 D. D., Western Reserve, 1892; Litt. D., Sy- racuse, 1894); m. May 27, 1884, Eliza Buck- ingham Aiken, Norwich, Conn. Pastorates: First Ch. (Cong'l), Old Lyme, Conn., 1884-9; Cong'l Ch., Oswego, N. Y., 1889-96. Author: The Genesis of Genesis, 1891; Triple Tradi- tion of the Exodus, 1894; Introduction to the New Testament, 1900 Ml. Translator: Wilde- boer's Kanon des Ouden Verbonds; also contributor to Haupt's Sacred Literature of the Old Testament, and to various period- icals and scientific reviews. Address: 142 Edwards St., New Haven, Conn.

BACON, Edgar Mayhew, author; b. June 5, 1855, Nassau, New Providence, Bahamas, where his father, John R. B., was then U. S. consul; ed. private schools, Tarrytown, N. Y. ; worked in bookstore, Albany, N. Y. ; later adopted art as a profession ; later, editorial writer on New York weeklies. Re- visited West Indies in 1888-9, and again in 1890 to study conditions of life there. Has contributed stories, sketches, poems, etc., to various mags., etc. Author: The New Jamaica; The Pocket Piece (collection of short stories) ; Chronicles of Tarrytown and Sleepy Hollow; etc. Address: Tarry- town-on-Hudson, N. Y.

BACON, Edwin Mini roe, journalist, au- thor; b. Providence, R. I., Oct. 20, 1844;

academical ed'n (A. M., Dartmouth, 1879). At age of 19 became reporter on Boston Advertiser; then editor Illustrated Chicago News; then, 1868-72, on New York Times; 1872-3, on staff of Boston Advertiser again; editor-in-chief Boston Globe, 1873-8; man- aging editor Advertiser, 1878-84; and editor- in-chief, 1884-6; 1886-91, editor-in-chief Bos- ton Post; editor Time and the Hour, 1897- 1900. Author and editor of various historical works relating to Boston and New England, including King's Handbook of Boston; Bos- ton Illustrated; Bacon's Dictionary of Bos- ton; Boston of To-day; Walks and Rides in the Country Round About Boston; His- toric Pilgrimages in New England; Liter- ary Pilgrimages in New England. Address: 6 Beacon St., Boston. BACON, John Mosby, brig. -gen. U. S. vols.; col. 8th cav., U. S. A.; b. in Ky., April 17, 1844; enlisted in 11th Ky. cav., Sept. 22, 1862; entered 4th Ky. cav., Nov. 5, 1S62; promoted 1st It., Feb. 1, 1863; capt. March 14, 1863; maj., Nov. 20, 1864, in U. S. vols.; apptd. capt. 9th cav., U. S. A., July 28, 1866; maj. 7th cav., April 14, 1884; It. -col. 1st cav., April 7, 1893; col. 8th cav., June 29, 1897. He was bvtd. maj. March 2, 1867, for gallantry at siege of Resaca, Ga., and It. -col., Feb. 27, 1890, for gallant ser- vices against Indians in Tex. ; apptd. brig.- gen. U. S. V., May 4, 1898; placed in com- mand Dept. Dakota; put down outbreak of Chippewas, Oct., 1898; later assigned to duty in Cuba with headquarters at Nue- vitas. Address: Care War Dept., Washing- ton.

BACON, John W., engineer, banker; b. Hartford, Conn., June 9, 1827; grad. Trinity, 1846; m. Dec. 20, 1852, Caroline E. Bots- ford; studied law 2 yrs., then became civil eng'r; made first survey of present New England R. R., and later was its gen. supt. until 1859; gen. supt. Danbury & Norwalk R. R., 1859-77; gen. R. R. comm'r of Conn., 1877-87; since 1893 pres. Savings Bank of Danbury; State comm'r of topog. survey of Conn. Mem. Am. Soc. Civil Eng'rs. Address: Danbury, Conn.

BACON, Leonard Woolsey, Cong'l cler- gyman; b. New Haven, Conn., Jan. 1, 1830; J. Leonard and Susan (Johnson) B.; grad. Yale, 1850; theol. studies Andover and Yale, and medicine at Yale; M. D., 1855; m. 1st, 1857, Susan Bacon; 2d, 1890, Letitia Jordan. Ordained, 1857; served in several Cong'l and Presby'n Chs. ; was in Europe, 1872-7; then pastor at Norwich, Conn., and Phila. Author: A Life Worth Living— Life of Emily Bliss Gould, 1878 R2; Church Papers, 1876 P2; The Simplicity That Is in Christ, 1885 F3; Irenics and Polemics, 1898; History of American Christianity, 1898 S3; etc. Address: Norwich, Conn.

BACON, Selden, lawyer; b. New Haven, Conn., Sept. 28, 1861; j. Rev. Dr. Leonard W. and Susan B.; ed. Gymnasium, Coburg, Germany; College de Geneve, Switzerland; Hopkins Grammar School, New Haven, Conn.; grad. Carleton Coll., Minn., 1882 (A. M., 1885); studied at Yale, 1878-80; grad. law dept., Univ. of Wis., 1884; m. Oct. 24,

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

1894, Sarah Blair Fairchild. Practiced law Minneapolis, 1884-94; in New York since 1894; prof, civil procedure, Univ. of Minn. Law School, 1889-94. Author: Equity Plead- ing and Procedure, 1892. Residence: Flush- ing, N. Y. Office: 154 Nassau St., New York. BAENSCH, Kmil, lawyer; b. Manitowoc, Wis., June 12, 1857; attended Univ. of Wis.; m. Nov. 13, 1882, Ida Koehler. Justice of peace, 1882-4; city clerk, 1885-8; county judge, 1888-94; lt.-gov. Wis., 1894-8. Capt. Co. H, 2d Wis. Nat. Guard, 1882-8. Curator Wis. Hist. Ass'n. Publisher Manitowoc Post; Republican. Address: Manitowoc, Wis.

BAKU, Libbie C, writer, pres. Dept. Wis. Woman's Relief Corps; b. Bethel, Clermont Co., O., Nov. 18, 1846; d. Rev. G. P. and Sarah B. Riley; grad. Clermont Acad., 1865; m. Nov. 17, 1867, Capt. John M. Baer, at Bethel, O. Writer of verse and short articles on current events; contributor to patriotic literature; long prominent in Woman's Relief Corps. Among her notable poems are "Long Ago," "A Summer Idyll" and "In the Land of Fancy." Writer of sp'l recitations for elocutionists, etc. Address: Appleton, Wis.

BAER, William Jacob, artist; b. Cin- cinnati, Jan. 29, 1860; j. Henry and Barbara B. ; m. New York, 1885, Laura Schwenk, Pu- pil of Munich Royal Acad., 1880-4, receiving 4 medals and one of his works being pur- chased by the Directors of the Acad. Awarded 1st medal for miniatures and ideal paintings, New York, 1897; medal, Paris Exp'n, 1900, for miniatures and ideal works. Painted pictures in genre and portraits in oil and taught, 1885-92; then confined him- self to miniature painting, of which art he is a pioneer of the modern school. Among his better known works in minia- ture are: "Aurora," "The Golden Hour," "Summer," "Daphne," "Nymph," and "In Arcadia," "Madonna with the Auburn Hair." Sec. and treas. Am. Soc. Miniature Painters. Residence: East Orange, N. J. Studio: 90 Grove St., New York.

BAGBY, Albert Morris, author, musician; b. Rushville, 111., April 29, 1859; studied music many yrs. in Berlin and in Weimar, Germany, under Franz Liszt; originator of the "musical mornings" (for subscribers only), of which he has given over 100, and at which the greatest artists of the day have appeared; also has extensive mining interests. Author: Miss Traumerei, a mus- ical novel; mag. articles. Residence: 21 W. 31st St. Office: 18 W. 34th St., New York.

BAGBY, Jobn Hampden Chamber- layne, prof, physics and astronomy, Hampden-Sidney Coll., since 1892; b. Mid- dleburg, Loudoun Co., Va., July 20, 1867; .j. Dr. George W. and Lucy Parke (Chamber- layne) B. ; prep, ed'n Univ. School, Rich- mond, Va., 1884-8; grad. Univ. of Va., M. A., 1888, M. E., 1891, Ph. D., 1894; unmar- ried. Mem. A. A. A. S. Address: Hampden- Sidney, Va.

BAGG, Lyman Hotchkiss, author, jour- nalist; b. West Springfield, Mass., Dec. 24, 1846; 5. Richard and Susan (Atwater) B. ;

grad. Yale, 1869; wrote weekly "College Chronicle" for New York World, 1876-82; managed the Harvard- Yale boat race at New London, 1878-83; librarian Univ. Club March 20, 1889, to April 3U, 1900. Not mar- ried. Author: Four Years at Yale, by a Graduate of '69, 1871 Ol; Ten Thousand Miles on a Bicycle, by Karl Kron, 1887. Wrote: History of Yale Boating, in Kings- ley's History of Yale. Has resided on Wash- ington Square, New York, since 1876. Ad- dress: 107 Waverly PI., New York. BAGG, Rufus Mather, Jr., prof, geology, Colo. Coll., since 1898; b. W. Springfield, Mass., April 19, 1869; j. R. Mather B. ; ed. W. Springfield High School; grad. Amherst Coll., 1891, B. A.; Ph. D., Johns Hopkins, 1895; m. W. Springfield, Mass., April, 1896, Grace Raybold. Prin. high school, Lubec, Me., 1891-2; instr. geology and mineralogy, Worcester summer school for boys, 1891-2; asst. geology Johns Hopkins, 1895-7; asst. N. Y. State Museum, winter of 1897; instr. in science Colo- rado Springs High School; lecturer on geology, Chautauqua of Mt. Lake Park, Md., Aug., 1900. Fellow Geol. Soc. of Ameri- ca; mem. Geol. Soc. of Washington, Nat. Geog. Soc. ; hon. mineralogist to Paris Exp'n, 1900. Author of technical articles and papers. Mem. of Colo. Springs Mining Stock Exchange. Address: Barnes Blk., Colorado Springs, Colo.

BAILEY, Alice Ward, author; b. Am- herst, Mass., April 30, 1857; d. Horace Ward; grad. Smith Coll., 1883; m. Burling- ton, Vt., 1884, Dr. A. G. Bailey. Author: Flower Fancies (verse), 1889 P7, Ol; Mark Heffron (novel), 1896 HI; Outside of Things, a Sky Book (verse), 1899 D4. Wrote: Invalidism as a Fine Art (essay), Harper's Mag., also other essays, stories and poems, contributed to Harper's Mag., Scribner's, Century, Atlantic, and other periodicals, a part over the signature "A. B. Ward." Address: Amherst, Mass.

BAILEY, Benjamin Franklin, homce. physician; b. Littleton, N. H., June 22, 1860; s. William and Mariette (Barnes) B. ; ed. Stev- ens High School, Claremont, N. H. ; grad. Hahnemann Med. Coll., Phila., 1881; m. Wareham, Mass., Feb. 8, 1882, Minnie F. Bryant. Pres. Neb. State Homce. Med. Soc, 1888; at age of 27, pres. Neb. State Bd. of Health, 1898; pres. Am. Inst. Homoeopathy, elected June, 1898 (first pres. elected from west of Missouri River) ; now pres. Dr. Benjamin F. Bailey Sanatorium Co., Incor- porated, Lincoln, Neb.; Republican. Author: Present Status of Paedology (with Dr. Alli- son Clakey), 1896. Published addresses: Homoepathy, a Reply to an Attack Upon the Same by Dr. William E. Quine of Chi- cago, delivered at Hahnemann Med. Coll., Chicago, Nov. 9, 1899; Homoeopathy in the Public Service, delivered at 50th anniver- sary N. Y. State Homoeopathic Soc, Brook- lyn, Oct., 1900. Address: Lincoln, Neb.

BAILEY, Edgar Henry S iierfield,

prof, chemistry and director of chemical laboratory Univ. of Kan. ; b. Middlefield,

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

Conn., Sept. 17, 1848; grad. Yale, Ph. B., 1873 (Ph. D., 111. Wesleyan, 1883); m. 1876 Aravesta Trumbauer. Studied in Germany at Strasburg, 1881, and Leip- sic, 1895; instr. Yale, 1873-4; Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, Pa., 1874-83. Pres. Kansas City, local section, Am. Chem. Soc, 1901. Author: Guide to Qualitative Chemical Analysis; numerous scientific articles in current jour- nals. Address: Lawrence, Kan.

BAILEY, Elijah Prentiss, editor Utica Observer since 1883; 6. Manlius, N. Y., Aug. 15 1834- ed. common and Latin grammar schools,' Utica, N. Y. ; (LL. D., St. John's Coll , Fordham; A. M., Colgate Univ.); m. 1st, Sept. 25, 1857, Julia S. Wetherby (died July 9, I860); 2d, June 24, 1868, Hannah Chapman. City editor Observer, 1853; one of proprs. and managing editor, 1867; editor- in-chief since 1883; continuously connected with the Observer for 47 yrs. Twice apptd. postmaster Utica by Pres. Cleveland. Pres. N Y State Civil Service Comm n, 1892-4. Residence: 336 Genesee St. Office: Observer, Utica, N. Y.

BAILEY, Florence Merriam (Mrs.), au- thor; b. Locust Grove, N. Y„ Aug. 8, 1863; d Hon. Clinton L. Merriam; was 4 yrs. at Smith Coll. as sp'l student, class of '86; m. Vernon Bailey. Author: Birds Trough an Opera Glass, 1889; My Summer in a Mor- mon Village, 1895; A-Birding on a Bronco, 1896; Birds of Village and Field, 1898, all H5. Address: The Portner, Washington.

BAILEY, Henry Tnrner, art teacher, author; b. Scituate, Mass., Dec. 9, 1865; s. Charles Edward and Eudora (Turner) B.; grad. Scituate High School, valedictorian, 1882; grad. State Normal Art School, Bos- ton 1887; m. Scituate, Mass., Sept. 5, 1889, Josephine Litchfield. Teacher of drawing, night schools, Boston, 1884-5; supervisor of drawing, city of Lowell, 1886-7; agt. State Bd. Ed'n, Mass., for the Promotion of In- dustrial Drawing, since 1887; on leave of absence for study abroad, 1898; official rep- resentative for U. S. to Internat. Congress of Public Art Brussels, 1898. Mem. several art and edn'l socs., and of 20th Century Club of Boston. Author: A First Year in Drawing, 1894; The Blackboard in Sunday School, 1899 W2; School Sanitation and Dec- oration (with Prof. Severance Burrage), 1899 H2; The Great Painters' Gospel, 1900 W2; Official Reports to Board of Education, pub- lished by State; Sketch of the History of Public Art Instruction in Mass., 1900, pub- lished by State. Contributor to various jour- nals. Residence: North Scituate, Mass. Office: State House, Boston.

BAILEY, John M., lawyer; b. Bethlehem, N. Y., Aug. 24, 1838; grad. Union Coll., 1861; m. Sept. 21, 1864, Dell L. Hooker; entered army, 1862; adj. 177th N. Y. vols.; in dept. of Gulf, battle of Amite River, Pouchatula and siege Port Hudson; dist. atty., Albany Co., N. Y., 1865-7; mem. Congress, 1877-81; U. S. consul Hamburg, Germany, 1881-5; delegate Nat. Rep. Conv., 1888; surveyor of customs, port of Albany, 1889-94. Residence:

118 Lancaster St. Office: 93 State St., Albany, N. Y.

BAILEY, John M., pres. judge 20th jud. dist., Pa., since 1895; b. Dillsburg, Pa., July 11, 1839; ed. public schools and Tuscarora Acad., Juniata Co., Pa.; admitted to bar; m. May 25, 1869, at Huntingdon, Pa., Let- tie B. Fisher. Studied law in office of late John Scott (afterward U. S. senator), and was his partner until 1869; mem. Pa. Con- stitutional Conv., 1872-3. Address: Hunting- don, Pa.

BAILEY, Joseph Walden, U. S. senator, 1901-7; b. Copiah Co., Miss., Oct. 6, 1863; ad- mitted to bar, 1883; presidential elector, 1884; removed to Tex., 1885, and began practice of law at Gainesville; presidential elector at large, 1888; mem. Congress 1891-1901; Dem- ocrat; caucus nominee of his party for speaker and minority mem. Com. on Rules, 55th Congress. Home: Gainesville, Tex.

BAILEY, Liberty Hyde, prof, horticul- ture Cornell since 1888; b. S. Haven, Mich., March 15, 1858; grad. Mich. Agr'l Coll., 1882 (M. S.); m. 1883, Annette Smith. Reared on farm; has given particular attention to bot. and hort. subjects, and to economics of agr. and agr'l ed'n; asst. to Asa Gray, Harvard, 1882-3; prof, horticulture and landscape gardening Mich. Agr'l Coll., 1883- 8. Author: Survival of the Unlike; Evolu- tion of Our Native Fruits; Lessons with Plants; Botany, an Elementary Text for Schools; Principles of Fruit-Growing; Prin- ciples of Vegetable-Gardening; Plant-Breed- ing; Garden-Making; Horticulturist's Rule- Book; Principles of Agriculture; Nursery- Book; Forcing-Book; Pruning-Book; Prac- tical Garden-Book; Cyclopedia of American Horticulture, 4 vols., etc. Editor: Rural Science series; Garden-Craft series; contrib- utor to tech. journals. Chief Bureau of Na- ture-Study and Farmer's Reading-Course. Address: Ithaca, N. Y.

BAILEY, Loring Woart, chemist, geol- ogist; b. West Point, N. Y., Sept. 28, 1839; s. late Prof. Jacob Whitman Bailey; grad. Harvard, 1859; since 1861 prof, chemistry and natural history Univ. of New Bruns- wick; m. Aug. 19, 1863; Laurestine M. d'Av- ray, Fredericton, N. B. Author: Mines and Minerals of New Brunswick; Geology of Southern New Brunswick; Elementary Nat- ural History. Address: Fredericton, N. B.

BAILEY, Mark, Jr., prof, ancient lan- guages, Whitworth Coll., since Sept., 1899; b. Petaluma, Calif., Aug. 19, 1867; s. Mark B., Sr., Ph. D., formerly prof, mathematics Univ. of Ore. ; ed. in academic and colle- giate depts. Univ. of Ore. (A. B., 1888); grad. Harvard, A. B., 1890, A. M., 1891; m. Seattle, Wash., Nov. 26, 1891, Edith Howe, Medford, Mass. Sp'l study of Latin, Greek, Hebrew and Sanskrit; prof, ancient lan- guages, Univ. of Wash., Seattle, Wash., 1891-8. Mem. Am. Oriental Soc. since 1891. Author: The Latin Verb (on the Synthetic System) and Its Uses, C8; Latin Preposi- tions—the Principles of Their Use. Address: Tacoma, Wash.

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

BAILEY, Pearce, M. D., author; b. New York, July 12, 1S65; grad. Princeton (A. M.), 1886; Coll. Phys. & Surg., New York, 1889; specialist diseases of mind and nervous system; consulting neurologist, St. Luke's Hosp., New York. Author: Accident and Injury, Their Relation to Disease; also va- rious pamphlets. Residence: 4 W. 50th St., New York.

BAILEY, Solon Irving:, asso. prof, as- tronomy, Harvard Univ.; b. Lisbon, N. H., Dec. 29, 1854; s. Israel C. and Jane (Suth- erland) B. ; ed. Tilton Acad., 1876-7; grad. Boston Univ., 1881; A. M., same, 1884; A. M. Harvard, 1887; m. Ruth Poulter, Con- cord, N. H., 1883. In 1889 sent to Peru, S. A., to investigate conditions there in order to determine best location for a Southern sta. for Harvard Coll. observatory; exam- ined west coast from equator to Southern Chili. Result, the selection of Arequipa, Peru, where Southern observatory of Har- vard now is. Has had charge of work there for 8 yrs. ; established, 1893, a meteorol. sta. on summit of El Misti, at 19,000 feet eleva- tion, where observations have since been carried on; by far the highest scientific sta. in world. Various other meteorol. stas. have been placed in Peru. Mem. Am. Acad. Arts and Sciences, A. A. A. S., Geog. Soc. of Lima. Has written many papers in An- nals of Harvard Coll. Observatory. Address: Harvard Univ. Observatory, Cambridge, Mass.

BAILEY, Steele, permanent see. Ky. State Med. Soc. since 1884; b. Shelby Co., Ky., June 26, 1845; s. W. C. and Desdemona (O'Connor) B.; grad. Jefferson Med. Coll., Phila., 1866; work in Univ. City of New York. Engaged in gen. practice; m. Ella Hart, Nov. 6, 1878, Columbus, Ga. Demo- crat. Sec. Secretary Ky. Med. Ass'n; pres. Lincoln Co. (Ky.) Med. Soc; sec. bd, pen- sion surgeons for past 8 yrs. Address: Stan- ford, Ky.

BAILEY, Vernon, chief field naturalist U. S. Biol. Survey; b. Manchester, Mich., June 21, 1863; common school ed'n; studied at Univ. of Mich, and Columbian Univ.; m. Florence Augusta Merriam. Author: Sper- mophiles of the Mississippi Valley; Pocket Gophers of Mississippi Valley; Revision of Voles of the Genera Evotomys and Micro- tus; Mammals of District of Columbia, etc. Home: Elk River, Minn. Washington Address: Dept. of Agriculture.

BAILEY, William Henry, Sr., lawyer, author; b. Pasquotank Co., N. C, Jan. 22, 1831; ed. Caldwell Inst. (LL. D., Rutherford Coll., N. C); m. Oct. 20, Hillsborough, N. C, Annie Chamberlayne Howerton. Admitted to bar Supreme Court, N. C, Jan., 1853; elected co. atty. Caswell Co., N. C, 1858; repeatedly afterward for other counties; elected atty. -gen. by legislature of N. C, 1856; mem. N. C. legislature, 1882; apptd. C. S. receiver, 1863; code comm'r N. C, 1872; taught law school many yrs. ; has lived in Texas since 1891. Author: The Effect of Civil War Upon the Rights of Persons and Property; Onus Probandi; Conflict of Ju- dicial Decisions; Self-Taught Law; The De-

tective Faculty; also many legal historical and literary articles. Edited 5th N. C. Digest of the Decisions of the Supreme Court. Address: Cor. Gray and Brazos Sts., Houston, Tex.

BAILEY, William Whitman, prof, bot- any Brown Univ. since 1877; b. West Point, N. Y., Feb. 22, 1843; s. Prof. Jacob Whit- man and Maria (Slaughter) B. ; grad. Brown, 1864 (B. Ph.; A. M.); LL. D., Univ. of New Brunswick. 1900; took special course in botany, Harvard; m. March 14, 1880, Eliza R. Simmons, Providence, R. I. Served in Civil war as private, 10th R. I. vols.; was botanist, 1867-8, of U. S. Geol. Survey of 40th parallel; mem. and sec, 1896, Bd. of Visitors to U. S. Mil. Acad.; director Providence Athenaeum, 1900; mem. Phi Beta Kappa (sec. R. I. Alpha since 1897); PI Upsilon, Sigma 'Xi, New England Bot. Club, R. I. Hort. Soc, Boston and Newport Socs. of Natural History. Author: Botanical Collector's Hand- Book, 1SS1; Among Rhode Island Wild Flow- ers, 1895 PI; New England Wild Flowers, 1897 PI; Botanical Note-Book; Botanizing, 1899 PI; Boyhood at West Point, 1901 PI; and many articles in journals and mags. Residence: 6 Cushing St., Providence, R. I.

BAILHACHE, Preston H., chief Marine Hosp. Div., Marine Hosp. service; b. Co- lumbus, O., Feb. 21, 1835; s. Judge John B., editor; ed. Shurtleff Coll., Alton, 111.; St. Xavier Univ., St. Louis, and Pa. Med. Coll., Phila.; m. Mary L. Goodwin, Hart- ford, Conn. Asst. surg. Camp Yates, Springfield, 111., April 17, 1801; surg. 14th 111. cav., Feb. 14, 1863, serving through war; captured on Stoneman's raid, July 31, 1864; exchanged Sept. 3, 1864; practiced medicine in 111. and later was asso. editor Quincy (111.) Whig, until apptd. to Marine Hosp. service, 1873. Assisted in revising regulations of the service, 1873. Mem. Nat. Bd. Health, 1879-85, and selected Nat. quar- antine stations for it, 1880; mem. Am. Med. Assn., Am. Public Health Assn., hon. mem. State Bd. Health, Calif. Apptd delegate by President to represent U. S. at Internat. Sanitary Conf., Paris, 1894. Contributed articles to supplement 9th edit. Encyclopaedia Britannica on Sanitary Science, Sewerage, Vaccination, Ventilation, and the history of the Marine Hospital Service; also on kindred subjects in gov't publications. Address: Marine Hospital Service, Staple- ton, Staten Island, N. Y.

BAILIE, Virginia, pianist and piano teacher; b. Marshall, Mich., Feb. 3, 1867; d. James D. and Emma V. B. ; ed. Marshall, Mich.; pupil in music of C. N. Colwell, Marshall; Max. Pinneo, New York; William Mason, New York; Georges Mathias, Paris, and Theodore Leschetizky, Vienna. Residence: 421 W. 57th st. Studio: 1202 Carnegie Hall, New York.

BAILIE, William L., lieut. U. S. N., di- rector Department of Mechanic Arts and prof, theory and practice of the steam en- gine, Drexel Inst. Address: Drexel Insti- tute, Philadelphia.

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

BAIN, Harry Foster, geologist; b. Sey- mour, Ind., Nov. 2, 1872; grad. Moore's Hill Coll., 1890 (Ph. D., Univ. of Chicago, 1897) ; graduate student Johns Hopkins, 1891-8; asst. Iowa geol. survey, 1893-5; asst. State geologist, Iowa, 1895-1900; lecturer on economic geology, Univ. of Iowa, 1897; con- sulting geologist since 1900; mem. Am. Inst. Mining Eng'rs; fellow Geol. Soc. of Amer- ica. Not married. Address: Des Moines, Iowa.

BAIN, Robert Edward Mather, general southwestern agt. "White Star Line" steam- ers.; b. Chicago, Aug. 9, 1858; ed. Washing- ton Univ.; m. Nov. 3, 1880, Mary Valle; mem. Mo. legislature, 1881-3; well known amateur photographer; traveled through lower Egypt, Palestine, Turkey, Greece and Italy for the purpose of illustrating "Earth- ly Footsteps of the Man of Galilee" and the "Self-Interpreting Bible." Also illustrated "A Romance of Palestine" and "Child's Bible." Now for the 10th time pres. St. Louis Photographic Club. Residence: 3819 Flad Av. Office: Century Bldg., St. Louis.

BAINES-MILLER, Minnie Willis, au- thor; b. Lebanon, N. H., 1845; d. Horace F. and Minerva J. Willis; ed. common schools, Springfield, 0. ; first sketch published in Waverly Mag. when only 14 yrs. old; m. 1st, 1863, Evan Franklin Baines, Spring- field, O. ; 2d, 1892, Leroy Edgar Miller, same city; writer of books, short and serial sto- ries, poems, etc., for various papers and mags.; has lectured on temperance. Author: The Silent Land, 1890 M25; Mrs. Cherry's Sister, 1900 M25; His Cousin, the Doctor, 1891, M25; The Pilgrim's Vision, 1891 M25, etc. Address: Springfield, O.

BAIRD, Absalom, brig.-gen. U. S. army (retired, 1888); b. Washington, Pa., Aug. 20, 1824; grad. Washington Coll., 1841; studied law; grad. West Point, 1849; m. Oct. 17, 1850, Cornelia W. Smith, New York (de- ceased). Served in Florida, 1850-3; asst. prof, mathematics West Point, 1853-9; serv- ed during Civil war in Va., Tenn., and in the march to the sea; became bvt. maj.- gen. ; after war, insp.-gen. Address: Care War Dept., Washington.

BAIRD, Henry Carey, political econo- mist; b. U. S. Arsenal, Bridesburg, Pa., Sept. 10, 1825 (his father being capt. 3rd regt., U. S. art.); academic ed'n; m. 1850, Elizabeth Davis Penington. Has written on economic questions; protectionist, green- backer and silver man; was nominated by Greenbackers for State treas. of Pa. ; de- clined; was Greenback candidate for mayor, Phila. ; publisher and book-seller; author of articles "Bank," "Money" and "Political Economy" in Appleton's Am. Cyclopedia; an elaborate article "Money" Atlantic Monthly, March, 1876, and numerous econ. tracts; appeared as econ. expert before Com. on Ways and Means, and U. S. Mone- tary Comm'n on Silver, 1876, and Com. on Banking and Currency, 1878; his testimony in each case officially printed; hon. mem. Mfrs. Club, Phila. ; active mem. Am. Philos. Soc. Address: 810 Walnut St., Philadelphia.

BAIRD, Henry Martyn, prof. Greek N. Y. Univ. since 1859; b. Phila., Jan. 17, 1832; grad. N. Y. Univ., 1850; studied Univ. of Greece, Athens, 1851-2 (Ph. D., 1867; LL. D., 1882, Coll. of N. J.; D. D., 1877, Rutgers; L. H. D., 1896, Princeton) ; m. Aug. 15, 1860, Susan E. Baldwin. Author: Modern Greece; Life of Rev. Robert Baird, D. D. (his fath- er); Rise of the Huguenots of France; The Huguenots and Henry of Navarre; The Huguenots and the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes; Theodore Beza, the Counsellor of the French Reformation, 1899. Address: 219 Palisade Av., Yonkers, N. Y.

BAIRD, Julian William, chemist; b. Battle Creek, Mich., Feb. 14, 1859; ed. pub- lic schools, Jackson, Mich. ; grad. Univ. of Mich., 1882 (M. A., 1883; Ph. C, 1883); M. D., Harvard Univ. Med. School, 1890; asst. chem. laboratory, dept. pharmacy, Univ. of Mich., 1882-3; instr. in chemistry in charge of qualitative analysis and assaying, 1883-6, Lehigh Univ.; since 1886 prof, analytical and organic chemistry and since 1887 dean, Mass. Coll. of Pharmacy, Boston. Address: 102 St. Botolph St., Boston.

BAKER, A. George, physician; b. Pitts- burg; s. Dr. Jacob and Mary Catherine (Piatt) Baker; grad. Western Univ. of Pa. (A. M., 1869); Western Theol. Sem., Alle- gheny, 1872; Jefferson Med. Coll., 1887; or- dained deacon P. E. Ch., 1878; priest, 1879; pastor in Phila. ; later rector St. James Ch., Perkiomen, Pa.; retired from ministry, 1887; has since practiced medicine; mem. State and Co. med. socs. ; physician-in- chief Chinese Med. Dispensary, Phila., since 1897. Author: History of the Ger- mans in America, 1891; History of the Knights of St. John of Malta; German- American Christianity and the Protestant Episcopal Church; Flora of Arabia and the Arabian Prophet, 1894 Zl; The Pho- nendonope and Its Practical Application (medical), 1898. Address: 404 Susquehanna Av., Philadelphia.

BAKER, Albert C, lawyer; b. Girard, Ala., Feb. 15, 1845; s. Benjamin H. and Eliza B. ; ed. E. Ala. Male Coll.; studied and practiced law; m. Feb. 2, 1881, Mary Alex- ander. Removed to Ariz., 1879; has been city atty., Phoenix; dist. atty., Maricopia Co.; asst. U. S. atty., Ariz.; mem. and chmn. judiciary com. 11th legislature of Ariz.; mem. bd. curators, territorial li- brary; mem. bd. directors, Territorial Nor- mal School; chief justice of Ariz., 1893-7; Democrat. Address: Phoenix, Ariz.

BAKER, Albert Knfus. M. D. ; b. Salem, Pa., March 24, 1858; .?. Benjamin Franklin and Sabina (Pershing) B. ; m. 1885, Emily L. Shackleton, Pittsburg, Pa.; grad. West- ern Reserve Univ., med. dept., Cleveland, O., 1879; studied in dispensaries and hosps. of New York; practiced 2 yrs. at Duke Centre, Pa. ; post-graduate work London, Berlin, Vienna and Paris, 1881-3. Located in Cleveland, 1884, limiting practice to the eye, ear, nose and throat; prof, ophthalmol- ogy, otology and laryngology, Cleveland Coll. Phys. & Surg, since 1888; chmn. fac-

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

ulty since 1898; editor Cleveland Med. Ga- zette, 1885-96; pres. Am. Med. Coll. Assn., 1900-01; frequent contributor to med. jour- nals and mem. numerous med. societies. Address: 122 Euclid Av., Cleveland, O.

BAKER, Benjamin W., pres. Mo. Wes- leyan Coll. since 1898; b. Hutton Tp., Coles Co., 111., Nov. 25, 1841; lived and worked on farm until 1861; served through war, 1861-5, in 25th 111. vol. inf.; took part in many battles and was wounded several times; grad. 111. State Normal Univ., 1870; taught there 4 yrs. while studying in 111. Wesleyan Univ. (A. M., Ph. D., 111. Wes- leyan Univ.; D. D., Chaddock Coll.); m. Dec. 14, 1871, Miss M. F. Henry. Joined Central 111. Conf., M. E. Ch., 1874; ever since connected with it except, 1881-3, when pastor in Denver, Colo. ; presiding elder, 1885-9; financial sec. 111. Wesleyan Univ., 1889-93; pres. Chaddock Coll., 1893-8. Address: Cameron, Mo.

BAKER, Charles Hinckley, pres. Sno- qualmie Falls Power Co.; b. Chicago, Nov. 30, 1864; ed. public schools; grad. Cornell, C. E., 1886; m. June 13, 1888, Gladys France. Resident eng'r Chicago, Burling- ton & Quincy Ry., Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Ry., and Chicago & Northwestern Ry., 1884-7; resident eng'r Seattle, Lake Shore & Eastern Ry., 1887-90; civil eng'r and contractor, 1890-5; built 3d St. and Su- burban Ry., Seattle. Receiver Merchants' Nat. Bank, Seattle, since 1895. Promoted, organized and completed Snoqualmie Falls Power Co., transmitting, electrically, 10,000 h. p. 30 miles to Seattle and 44 miles to Ta- coma, 1898; pres. Seattle Cataract Co., 1899; pres. Tacoma Cataract Co., 1899; delegate to Dem. Nat. Con v., 1896; bolted and start- ed Gold Dem. movement in State of Wash- ington. Residence: 1216 Queen Anne Av. Office: Cataract Bldg., Seattle, Wash.

BAKER, Charles Whiting, managing editor Engineering News; b. Johnson, Vt., Jan. 17, 1865; ed. Vt. State Normal School; grad. eng'ring dept. Univ. of Vt., 1886; m. June 4, 1890, Rebekah Wheeler, Burlington, Vt. Author: Monopolies and the People (Putnam's "Questions of the Day" series); etc. Residence: Montclair, N. J. Office: St. Paul Bldg., New York.

BAKER, David, supt. blast furnaces, South Works 111. Steel Co., since Aug., 1898; 6. Boston, May 31, 1861; grad. Mass. Inst. Technology (S. B.), 1885; also grad. mining eng'r; m. Nov. 25, 1886, Kate M. Baker, Auburndale, Mass. In charge blast furnaces Pa. Steel Co. ; then in charge erec- tion and operation blast furnaces Md. Steel Co., 1887-97; metall. supt., 1897-8. Address: 5744 Washington Av., Chicago.

BAKER, Francis E., judge Supreme Court, Ind., since 1899; b. Goshen, Ind., Oct. 20, 1860; .y. John H. B. (now U. S. judge, dist. of Ind.); ed. public and private schools, Goshen, until 1875; Ind. State Univ., 1876-8; grad. Univ. of Mich., 1882 (class poet) ; literary editor University Chronicle, 1879-82. Entered, 1882, law office of his father and his uncle, Joseph A. S. Mitch-

ell; latter became supreme judge, Ind., 1885; firm Baker & Baker, until senior be- came U. S. judge, 1892, then was Baker & Miller until 1899; firm were attys. for Lake Shore & Mich. Southern Ry., and other prominent corporations. Home: Goshen, Ind. Official Address: Indianapolis, Ind. BAKER, Frank, M. D. ; supt. Nat. Zo- 61. Park; grad. Nat. Med. Coll. (Colum- bian Univ.), 1880 (Ph. D.); prof, anatomy Univ. of Georgetown; fellow A. A. A. S. mem. Washington Acad, of Sciences; An throp. Soc. ; Biol. Soc. of Washington, etc. m. Sept. 13, 1873, May E. Cole, Sedgwick Me. Address: 1728 Columbia Rd., Wash ington.

BAKER. Franklin Thomas, prof. Eng- lish, Teachers* Coll., Columbia, since 1893; b. Hagerstown, Md., Sept. 12, 1864; s. John Henry and Julia (McCoy) B.; prep, ed'n high school, Hagerstown, Md. ; grad. Dick- inson Coll., 1885 (A. M. same; A. M., Colum- bia); m. Brooklyn, Sept. 15, 1896, Emilie A. Kip. Editor: DeQuincey's Revolt of the Tartars, 1896 L16; The DeCoverley Pa- pers, 1899 A2; Browning's Shorter Poems, 1899 Ml. Residence: 602 S. Broadway, Yonk- ers, N. Y.

BAKER, George Angnstns, lawyer, au- thor; b. 1849; 5. painter of same name; grad. Coll. City of New YoYk and Columbia Law School, 1870; now practicing, New York. Author: The Bad Habits of Good So- ciety; also several volumes of society verses and stories. Address: 13 E. 46th St., New York.

BAKER, George Danielson, Presby'n clergyman; b. Watertown, N. Y., Nov. 30, 1840; .y. Josiah W. and Abigail B. (Bates) B. ; preparatory ed'n, Mount Washington Collegiate Inst., New York; grad. Univ. City of New York; Princeton Theol. Sem. (D. D., Olivet Coll., Mich.); m. New York, Nov. 30, 1864, Gertrude F. Magie. Consecu- tively pastor Stone St. Presby'n Ch., Wa- tertown, N. Y. ; Presby'n Ch., Oneida, N. Y. ; 1st Presby'n Ch., Detroit; 1st Presby'n Ch., Phila. ; pres. Bd. Ed'n of Presby'n Ch. in U. S. A.; v. -p. Bd. Directors Princeton Theol. Sem.; pres. Christian League of Phila.; corr. sec. Pa. Bible Soc; mem. Presby'n Hist. Soc, New England Soc. Address: 906 Pine St., Philadelphia.

BAKER, George Fisher, banker; b. Troy, N. Y., March 27, 1840; married; pres. First Nat. Bank; director Astor Nat. Bank, Long Island Water Supply Co., and N. Y. & Long Branch R. R. Co.; v.-p. and direc- tor Bankers' Safe Deposit Co. ; director Balto. & Del. Bay. R. R. Co., Car Trust Investment Co., Ltd., of London, Lake Erie & Western R. R. Co., Lehigh & Hud- son River R. R. Co., Liberty Nat. Bank, Northern Pacific Ry. Co., and numerous other corporations. Residence: 258 Madison Av. Office: 2 Wall St., New York.

BAKER, George Hall, librarian; b. Ash- field, Mass., April 23, 1850; grad. Amherst, 1874 (A. M.); studied Berlin, Germany, Univ., 1876-8; connected with Columbia Univ. library since 1883; librarian-in-chief,

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

1889-99; m. July 14, 1875, Ellen B. Adkins, Brattleboro, Vt. Address: 291 Manhattan Av., New York. BAKER, George Pierce, asst. prof. Eng- lish, Harvard Univ.; b. Providence, R. I., April 4, 1866; grad. Harvard, 1887; m. Aug. 16, 1893, Christina Hopkinson. Author: The Principles of Argumentation, 1895 Gl. Editor: Specimens of Argumentation, 1893 H4; also various Elizabethan plays. Address: Cam- bridge, Mass.

BAKER, George Titns, civil engineer, gen. contractor; b. Homestead, la., July 9, 1859; s. Albert W. and Freelove M. B.; ed. Iowa State Univ., 1874-5; Cornell Univ., 1875-9; m. Ithaca, N. Y., 1879, Clara I. Poole. Mem. Iowa legislature, 1896-7; delegate-at- large Dem. Nat. Con v., 1900. Mayor, Da- venport, la., 1898-1900. Address: Daven- port, la.

BAKER, Henry Brooks, surgeon, statis- tician; b. Brattleboro, Vt., Dec. 29, 1837; .y. Ezra and Deborah K. (Bigelow) B. ; com- mon school ed'n; studied medicine Univ. of Mich., 1861-2 (hon. A. M., 1890); m. Sept. 9, 1868, Fannie H. Howard. Enlisted 20th Mich, inf., 1862; was its asst. surgeon, 1864-5; grad. Bellevue Hosp. Med. Coll., 1866; practiced, Lansing, 5 yrs., and Bay Co., Mich., 8 yrs; in charge vital statis- tics of Mich. ; sec. State Bd. of Health since 1873. Author 28 annual reports; also many papers on sanitary subjects; mem. many scientific socs. ; has been pres. Am. Public Health Assn.; pres. Mich. Acad, of Science; hon. mem. French Soc. of Hygiene; lec- turer on public health, Univ of Mich. Address: 726 Ottawa St., W. Lansing, Mich.

BAKER, Ira Osborn, prof, civil engineer- ing, Univ. of 111., since 1882; b. Linton, Ind., Sept. 23, 1853; s. Hiram W. and Amanda J. B.; grad. Univ. of 111., C. E., 1874; m. Philo, 111., Aug. 15, 1877, Emma Burr. Mem. Am. Soc. Civil Eng'rs; Western Soc. Eng'rs; Soc. Promotion Eng'ring Ed'n. Contributor to eng'ring journals and proc. of eng'ring socs. Author: Treatise on Masonry Con- struction, 1889; Engineer's Surveying In- struments, 1892 W9. Address: 702 W. Uni- versity St., Champaign, 111.

BAKER, James Hatching, pres. Univ. of Colo, since 1891; b. Harmony, Me., Oct. 13, 1848; grad. Bates Coll., Me., 1873 (LL. D., 1892); prin. Denver high school, 1875-92; pres. Nat. Council of Ed'n, 1891. Originated the scheme which led to the report of the "Nat. Com. of Ten" on secondary ed'n in the U. S. Author: Elementary Psychology, 1890 Mil; Education and Life, 1900 L4; etc. Address: Boulder, Colo.

BAKER, Jehu, ex-congressman, lawyer; b. Fayette Co., Ky., Nov. 4, 1822; ed. common schools and McKendree Coll. (hon. A. M. and LL. D.); studied medicine, then law, and was admitted to the bar; Master in Chancery, St. Clair Co., 1861-5; mem. Con- gress, 1865-9, 1887-9; U. S. minister Ven- ezuela, 1878-81 and 1882-5; elected to Con- gress for term 1897-9, as nominee of Peo- ple's party and Democrats. Address: Belle- ville, 111.

BAKER, Joanna, prof. Greek Simpson Coll. since 1890; d. Orlando Harrison and Mary C. (Ridley) B. ; was taught Greek, Latin and French in childhood, by her par- ents, beginning the three languages at 4; read Homer in coll. at 8; moved to Algo- na, la., and entered coll. ; apptd. tutor in Greek, Simpson Coll., when 16 yrs. old; grad. Cornell Coll., la., 1882 (A. M., 1885); tutor in Greek and sp'l student, Greek, Ger- man, French and music, De Pauw Univ., 1886-8 (A. M.), and admitted as an alumna ad eundem gradum; instr. Latin, De Pauw, 1888-9; student 1 term, 1895, in the Sauveur School of Languages, Amherst Coll., Mass.; post-graduate work Univ. of Chicago, 1896-9; unmarried. Address: Indianola, la.

BAKER, John H., U. S. dist. judge dist. of Ind. since March 29, 1892; b. Parma Tp., Monroe Co., N. Y., Feb. 28, 1832; ed. Ohio Wesleyan Univ.; studied law; practiced at Goshen, Ind.; State senator, Ind., 1862; mem. Congress, 1875-8. Address: Indian- apolis, Ind.

BAKER, Lawrence Simons, agt. Sea- board Air Line; b. Gatesville, N. C, May 15, 1830; j. Dr. John and Mary (Wynns) B. ; ed. Gatesville, N. C, and Norfolk, Va.,; grad. West Point, 1851; m. Salisbury, N. C, March 13, 1855, Elizabeth Carl Henderson. Apptd. 2d It. U. S. A., resigned as 1st It. mounted rifles, U. S. A., 1861. Apptd. col. 1st N. C. cav., May 20, 1861; brig. -gen., Aug. 1, 1863; severely wounded— right arm shattered, Aug. 1, 1863, at battle of Brandy Station; in command eastern dept., N. C, from June, 1864, until close of Civil war. Address: Suffolk, Va.

BAKER, Lncien, ex-U. S. Senator, lawyer; b. Fulton Co., O., 1846; shortly afterward removed with parents to Mich. ; began to practice law at Leavenworth, Kan., 1869; U. S. senator, 1895-1901; Republican. Address: Leavenworth, Kan.

BAKER, Marcus, cartographer, United States Geol. Survey; b. Kalamazoo, Mich., Sept. 23, 1849; grad. Univ. of Mich., 1870 (LL. D., Columbian Univ., 1896); became connected with U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey in 1873; and with U. S. Geol. Survey in 1886; spent several yrs. in explorations and surveys in Alaska and on Pacific coast; with William H. Dall, prepared the "Alaska Coast Pilot." Has written geog. and math, papers. Now sec. U. S. Bd. on Geographic Names; was cartographer Venezuelan Boundary Comm'n. Residence: 1905 16th St., Washington.

BAKER, Martha S., artist; b. Evansville, Ind.; d.. Chas. E. and Susan (Stevenson) B. ; pupil of Art Inst., Chicago. First prize at Arche Salon, 1897, Chicago; exhibited at Paris Exp'n, 1900; instr. at Art Inst., Chicago. Home' Address: 73 Bolton Av., Cleveland, O. Address: 1026 Fine Arts Bldg., Chicago.

BAKER, Moses Nelson, asso. editor En- gineering News; b. Enosbiirgh, Vt., Jan. 26, 1 864 : s. Benjamin N. and Sarah M. (Wright) B.; grad. Univ. of Vt. (Ph. B.), 1886; m. Aug. 22, 18S9, Ella Sophia Babbit, Burling-

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

ton, Vt. Editor: The Manual of American Waterworks, 1888, 1889-90, 1891 and 1897. Author: Sewage Purification in America, 1893; Sewage Disposal in the United States (joint author), 1894 VI; Sewage and Sew- age Purification, 1896 VI; Potable Water 1899 VI; Municipal Monopolies (joint au- thor), 1899 C7; Municipal Engineering and Sanitation, 1901 Ml; Municipal Engineer- ing Topics in International Year Book, 1898, 1899 D3; same in revision, Interna- tional Cyclopaedia, 12. Has written numer- ous articles in tech. and other publications, and proc. of socs. Residence: Upper Mont- clair, N. J. Office: 220 Broadway, N. Y.

BAKER, Page M., mgr. and editor-in- chief Times- Democrat, New Orleans. Resi- dence: 3307 Prytania St. Office: 320 Camp St., New Orleans.

BAKER, William B., ex-congressman, fruit packer; b. nr. Aberdeen, Md., July 22, 1840; ed. public and private schools; worked on farm until 1872; since then engaged in fruit packing. Mem. Md. house of delegates, 1882; Md. senate, 1892; mem. Congress, 1895- 1901, 2d Md. dist. ; Republican. Address: Aberdeen, Md.

BAKER, "William Henry, homoe. physi- cian; b. West Chester, Pa., June 7, 1844; s. Joshua and Ellen B. ; common school ed'n, Phila. ; grad. Hahnemann Med. Coll., Phila., 1880, taking prize for superior scholarship out of a class of 90 graduates; has since practiced at Lynn, Mass.; m. Millville, N. J., June 1, 1868, Mary E. Madden. Served April 19 to Aug. 5, 1861, private Co. G, 2d Pa. vols. ; served in U. S. N. from Aug. 13, 1862, for 3 yrs., on "Water Witch" and "New Ironsides." Wounded in engagement with Ft. Moultrie and battery B. Med. director, Dept. of Mass., 1897-8, surg.-gen. 1899-1900, G. A. R. ; pres. U. S. bd. examin- ing surgeons for pensions at Lynn, Mass., for past 10 yrs. Address: 153 Washington St., Lynn, Mass.

BAKEWELL, Charles Montague, asso. prof, philosophy, Univ. of Calif., since 1900; b. Pittsburg, April 24, 1867; grad. Univ. of Calif., 1889 (Ph. D., Harvard, 1894). Traveling fellow Harvard, and student of Berlin, Strassburg and Paris Univs., 1894-6; instr. philosophy Harvard, 1896-7; Univ. of Calif., 1897-8; asso. prof, philosophy Bryn Mawr Coll., 1898-1900. Author of various essays in ethical and philos. criticism. Address: Berkeley, Calif.

BALCH, Edwin Swift, lawyer, author; j. Thomas and Emily (Swift) B. ; grad. Har- vard, 1878; law dept., Univ. of Pa., 1895; admitted to bar; practices, Phila. Mem. Am. Philos. Soc. ; Franklin Inst. ; Geog. Soc. of Phila.; fellow Am. Geog. Soc, Royal Geog. Soc. Author: Mountain Exploration, 1893; Glacieres, or Freezing Caverns, 1900 A13; Antarctica, a History of Antarctic Dis- covery, 1901. Address: 1412 Spruce St., Philadelphia.

BALCH, Emily Greene, instr. economics, Wellesley Coll., since 1896; b. Jamaica Plain, Mass., Jan., 1867; d. Francis V. and Ellen M. (Noyes) B.; ed. private schools in

Jamaica Plain and Boston; grad. Bryn Mawr, 1889; studied political economy in Paris, 1890-1, with private direction from Prof. Emile Levasseur; studied in Univ. of Chicago, 1895, and in Berlin, 1895-6. Semi- nary work with Profs. Schmoller and Wag- ner; mem. Am. Economic Assn., Am. Statist. Assn.; connected with Denison House (coll. settlement, Boston) during its first winter (1892-3) ; mem. of municipal bd. trustees for children (in charge of pauper and neglected children, truants and juve- nile offenders), June, 1897, to Oct., 1898 (re- signed). Wrote monograph, "Public As- sistance of the Poor in France," 1893 A6. College Address: Wellesley, Mass. Home: Prince St., Jamaica Plain, Mass.

BALCH, George Beall, rear admiral U. S. N. (retired Jan., 1883); b. Tenn., Jan. 3, 1821; apptd. from Ala., Dec. 30, 1837; passed midshipman, June 29, 1843; commissioned It., Aug. 16, 1850; comdr., July 16, 1862; capt., July 25, 1866; commodore, Aug. 13, 1872; rear admiral, June 5, 1878; during Civil war comd. U. S. S. "Pocahontas" and "Pawnee;" took part in many engagements with C. S. batteries. Address: Baltimore.

BALCH, Thomas Willing, lawyer, au- thor; s. Thomas and Emily (Swift) B. ; grad. Harvard, 1890; law dept., Univ. of Pa., 1895; mem. Phila. bar. Author: Some Facts About Alsace and Lorraine, 1895; The Brooke Family of Whitchurch, Hampshire, England, 1899 XI; The Alabama Arbitra- tion, 1900; Emeric Cruce, 1900. Address: 1412 Spruce St., Philadelphia.

BALDWIN, Ahel Seymour, M. D.; 6. of

English descent, Oswego Co., N. Y., March 19, 1811; grad. Hobart Coll., A. B. and B. S., 1834 (A. M., 1838); grad. med. dept. same, 1837; also pursued science studies and was botanist, Mich. Geol. Survey, 1836-8; prac- ticed at Geneva, Mich., 1837-8; since then at Jacksonville, Fla. ; m. June, 1838, at Ge- neva, Mich, (wife died of yellow fever, 1857). Has served in both houses of Fla. legislature; secured charter for 1st railroad leading out of Jacksonville, and was pres. of 1st co. organized under that charter. Warden St. John's P. E. Ch. nearly 60 yrs.; mem. and was 1st pres. (1873-5) Fla. State Med. Assn. For 36 yrs. furnjshed record of climatol. observations to Smithsonian Inst'n. Address: Jacksonville, Fla.

BALDWIN, Charles Sears, asst. prof, rhetoric, Yale; b. New York, March 21, 1867; j. John S. and Martha J. (Church) B. ; com- mon school ed'n in N. J.; grad. Columbia Coll., 1888; fellow same, 1888-91, studying in English philology; A. M., 1889; Ph. D., 1894; m. Sept. 20, 1894, Agnes Irwin (died Jan. 14, 1897). Author: The Inflections and Syntax of the Morte d'Arthur of Sir Thomas Malory, 1894 Gl; Specimens of Prose De- scription, 1895 H4; an edition of DeQuin- cey's Revolt of the Tartars, 1896 L4; The Expository Paragraph and Sentence, 1897 L4. Writer of reviews of text books in Educational Review and Journal of Ger- manic Philology. Address: 57 Wall St., New Haven, Conn.

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

BALDWIN, Daniel Pratt, capitalist; b. Madison Co., N. Y., March 22, 1837; g.s. Daniel Pratt and nephew, U. S. Senator Daniel D. Pratt; preparatory ed'n Caze- novia Sem., N. Y. ; grad. Colgate Univ., 1856; grad. Columbia Coll. Law School, 1860; (LL. D.( Wabash Coll., Ind., 1872; Madison Univ., N. Y., 1872, Hamilton Coll., N. Y., 1901); unmarried. Judge circuit court, Ind., 1870; atty.-gen. Ind., 1880; took trip round the world, 1899; pres. Hamilton Coll. Alumni, Chicago, 1900. Republican. For many yrs. trustee Wabash Coll. Wrote: A Lawyer's Readings in the Evidences of Christianity, 1875; How States Grow, 1880; Manners, 1880; Personality, 1883; The Wastes of Life, 1885; Christ's Credentials, 1892. Address: Logansport, Ind.

BALDWIN, Elbert F., asso. editor The Outlook. Address: 287 4th Av., New York.

BALDWIN, Evelyn Brings, arctic ex- plorer; b. Springfield, Mo., July 22, 1862; s. Elias Briggs B. (capt. Co. C, 36th 111. vols., and afterward It. -col. 8th Mo. cav. vols., U. S. A.); ed. DuPage Co., 111.; lived with parents in Iowa, 1865-8, on farm, Labette Co., Kan., 1869-80; grad. Northwestern Coll., Naperville, 111.; taught dist. school; unmarried. Pedestrian and cyclist in Eu- rope, 1885-6; prin. high school and supt. city schools, Kan., 1887-91; observer U. S. Weather Bureau since 1892; now insp.-at- large, signal corps, U. S. A. Accompanied Peary, North Greenland exped'n., 1893-4, as meteorologist; made voyage to Andree bal- loon sta., Spitzbergen, 1897, hoping to join Andree in case services could be utilized, but arrived a few days too late. In 1898-9 accompanied Wellman polar expd'n to Franz-Josef Land as meteorologist and 2d in command; built and named Fort Mc- Kinley; discovered and explored Graham Bell Land, May, 1899. Mem. Nat. Geog. Soc, Arctic Club, New York; Knight Tem- plar, 32d degree Mason; Shriner; many scientific socs.; contributor to gov't me- teorological publications. Organized and comdg. Baldwin-Ziegler polar expd'n, 1901. Author: Search for the North Pole; also wrote in Weather Bureau publications; Me- teorological Report, Franz-Josef Land, 1898-9; Auroral Observations, Franz- Josef Land, 1898^99; Meteorological Reports, N. Greenland expd'n, 1893-4. Address: 60 Lib- erty St., New York.

BALDWIN, Foy Spencer, prof, econom- ics Boston Univ. since 1895; b. Charlotte, Mich., July 6, 1870; 5. Rev. William Wallace B.; grad. Boston Univ., 1888 (Ph. D.; Doc. Pol. Science, Univ. Munich); m. March 5, 1896, Cordelia Schultz Losey, Elmira, N. Y. ; asst. editor Vt. Watchman, Montpelier, 1889; master St. Luke's School, Phila., 1890-1; studied economics in Germany, 1892-3; instr. economics, Norwich (Conn.) Free Acad., 1894. Author: History of Mining Legislation in England. Contributor to periodicals. Resi- dence: West Newton, Mass. Address: 12 Somerset St., Boston.

BALDWIN, Henry, custodian Am. His- tory; b. New York, Feb. 1, 1832; attended Washington Inst., New York; entered busi-

ness at 14; m. April 18, 1872, Cornelia Es- telle Hoskins, Phila. Sec. New York Ex- change Co. 6 yrs.; sec. Gallatin Fire Ins. Co. 6 yrs., at same time directing mission work in New York. April 21, 1861, sergt. in command corps eng'rs, 12th regt., N. Y. State troops; after 4 months' service organ- ized corps of instruction, from which sev- eral grad. as officers in vol. service. Feb. 24, 1891, selected by conv. of patriotic or- ganizations at Chicago to verify "all facts of Am. history," and collect a Library Americana to be deposited at Washington when provision can be made for it there. Has since devoted entire time to this work without pay. Address: 260 Crown St., New Haven, Conn.

BALDWIN, James, author; b. in Hamilton Co., Ind., Dec. 15, 1841; received some in- struction in dist. schools, but was for the most part self-educated; (Ph. D., De Pauw Univ., 1885). Teacher in dist. public schools of native co., 1865-8; supt. city graded schools, Huntington and other cities in Ind., 1869-87; filled important position in edn'l dept. of Harper & Bros., New York, 1887- 90; asst. editor Harper's Mag., 1890-3; editor of school books for Am. Book Co., 1893- 1900. Author: The Story of Siegfried, 1882 S3; The Story of Roland, 1883 S3; The Book Lover, 1884 M5; A Story of the Golden Age, 1886, S3; Harper's Readers (5 vols.), 1887- 90 HI; Harper's School Speakers (3 vols.), 1891 HI; Six Centuries of English Poetry, 1892, S6; The Book of Elegies, 1892 S6; The Famous Allegories, 1893 S6; Choice Eng- lish Lyrics, 1893 S6; Fairy Stories and Fa- bles, 1895 Al; Fifty Famous Stories Retold, 1895 Al; Old Greek Stories, 1895 Al; Old Sto- ries from the East, 1895 Al; Guide to Sys- tematic Readings in the Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1895 W20; Four Great Amer- icans, 1896 W21; The Horse Fair, 1895 C2; Baldwin's Readers (8 vols.), 1897, Al; The Discovery of the Old Northwest, 12; The Conquest of the Old Northwest, 12. Editor: Everybody's Writing-Desk Book; Baldwin's Biographical Booklets (30 vols.), W21; The Four Great Americans Series of Biographies (8 vols.), W21. Occasional contributor to edn'l periodicals and leading magazines. Address: 100 Washington Sq., New York.

BALDWIN, James Fairchild, surgeon; b. Orangeville, N. Y., Feb. 12, 1850; s. Cy- rus H. and Mary P. (Fairchild) B. ; grad. Oberlin Coll., 1870, A. M., 1876; grad. Jef- ferson Med. Coll., Phila., 1874 (1st prize thesis, $100); m. 1st, Wellington, O., 1874, Fidelia Finch; 2d, Columbus, O., 1889, Ida Strickler. Prof, physiology and anatomy, Columbus Med. Coll., 1875-82; prof. surg. gynecology and chancellor, Ohio Med. Univ., 1892-9; surgeon and chief of staff Grant Hosp., 1900; mem. Am. Med. Assn., Ohio State Med. Soc, Am. Assn. of Obstet- rics and Gynecology, etc. Author: Operative Gynecology, 1898. Contributor on surgery and gynecology to med. journals. Residence: 405 E. Town St. Office: Great Hosp., Colum- bus, O.

BALDWIN, James Mark, psychologist; b. Columbia, S. C, Jan. 12, 1861; s. Hon.

WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA

Cyrus H. B., U. S. Sub-Treas. ; grad. Princeton, 1884, A. M., 1887; Ph. D., 1889 (Sc. D., Oxford Univ., England, 1900; first hon. degree in science ever given by Oxford); studied Leipzig, Berlin and Tu- bingen; m. Nov., 1888, Helen Hayes, d. Prin. W. Henry Green, D. D., LL. D., Princeton Theol. Sem. Instr. French and German, Princeton, 1886; prof, philosophy, Lake For- est Univ., 111., 1887-9; same, Toronto (Can.) Univ., 1889-93; since 1893 prof, psychology, Princeton. Was v. -p. Internat. Congress of Psychology, London, 1892; hon. pres. In- ternat. Congress of Criminal Anthropology, Geneva, 1896; judge of award, World's Co- lumbian Exp'n, 1893; pres. Am. Psychol. Assn., 1897-8; mem. Am. Philos. Soc. ; Am. Soc. of Naturalists; awarded gold medal Royal Acad, of Denmark, 1897; elected mem. Institut Internat. de Sociologie, 1898. Author: German Psychology of To-day (trans.), 1886 S3; Hand-Book of Psychology, 1890 H4; Elements of Psychology, 1893 H4; Mental Development in the Child and the Race, 1896 Ml; Social and Ethical Inter- pretations in Mental Development, 1898 Ml; Story of the Mind, 1898 A2, etc. Editor-in- chief, Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychol- ogy, 1901 Ml. His volumes on Mental De- velopment have been translated into French and German. Editor: Psychological Review; Princeton Contributions to Psychology; ed- itor for Philosophy, Johnson's Universal Cyclopaedia. Address: Princeton, N. J. BALDWIN, Simeon Eben, judge Supreme Court of Errors, Conn.; b. New Haven, Conn., Feb. 5, 1840; grad. Yale, 1861 (A. M., LL. D., Harvard); practiced law in New Haven until apptd. judge; prof, constitu- tional law, Yale. Was pres. Am. Bar Assn., 1890; Am. Social Science Assn., 1897, and New Haven Colony Hist. Assn., 1884-96; is pres. Internat. Law Assn., and Conn. Soc. of Archaeol. Inst, of America. Author: Baldwin's Connecticut Digest; Baldwin's Cases on Railroad Law; Modern Political Institutions, etc. Address: 44 Wall St., New Haven, Conn.

BALDWIN, Theodore A., brig.-gen. U. S. vols., lt.-col. 10th cav., U. S. A.; b. New Jersey; entered army May 3, 1862; served as private and q. m's sergt., 19th inf., un- til May 3, 1865, when he was promoted to 1st It. in same regt. ; promoted capt. July 23, 1865; assigned to 10th cav. Dec. 15, 1870; maj. 7th cav. Oct. 5, 1887; lt.-col. 10th cav. Dec. 11, 1896; apptd. brig.-gen. vols, for service in war against Spain; mustered out of vol. service, Dec. 31, 1898. Address: Care War Dept., Washington.

BALDWIN, William Henry, Jr., pres. Long Island R. R. Co. since 1896; b. Bos- ton, Feb. 5, 1863; 5. W. H. B. ; preparatory ed'n, public schools, Boston, and Roxbury Latin School; grad. Harvard, A. B., 1885; m. Springfield, Mass., Oct. 30, 1889, Ruth Standish Bowles. Prior to June 1, 1888, div. freight agt. Union Pacific Ry., Butte, Mont.; asst. gen. freight agt. same, Omaha, 1888-9; mgr. Leavenworth div., same, Leav- enworth. Kan., 1889; gen. mgr. Mont. Union Ry., 1889-90; asst. v.-p. Union Pacific Ry.,

Omaha, Neb., 1890-1; gen. mgr. Flint & Pere Marquette R. R., 1891-4; 3d v.-p., 1894-5; 2d v.-p., 1895-6, Southern Ry. Has written various articles on railroad and so- cial economic questions. Residence: 112 Willow St., Brooklyn. Office: 32 Nassau St., New York. BALDY, John Montgomery, physician; b. Danville, Pa., June 16, 1860; grad. Univ. of Pa., 1884; prof, gynecology Phila. Poly- clinic; surgeon to Gynecian Hosp.; gyne- cologist to Pa. Hosp. ; consulting surgeon to Frederick Douglas Hosp., all of Phila. Author: American Text Book of Gynecol- ogy, D15. Address: 1722 Chestnut St., Phila- delphia.

BALL, George Harvey; b. Sherbrooke, Can., Dec. 7, 1819 (ancestor Jonathan, New- ark, N. J.; Edward, Bradford, Conn); mov- ed to Ohio, 1837; ed. Farmington Acad, and Grand River Inst., O., and Cobb Divinity School, Lewiston, Me.; prin. Geauga Sem., O., 1847-50; pastor Hudson St. Bapt. Ch., Buffalo, 1S50-5; pastor Roger Williams Ch., Providence, R. I., 1855-7; mem. 1st Rep. Conv., Phila., 1856; pastor of ch. at Buffalo again, 1857-71; editor Baptist Union, New York, 1871-77; pastor Buffalo ch. again, 1877-90; pres. Keuka Coll., 1892-1901. Author of several books; contributor to reviews and mags. Address: Keuka Park, N. Y.

BALL, Lewis Heisler, congressman from Del., 1901-3, physician; b. nr. Stanton, Del., Sept. 21, 1861; 5. John and Sarah (Baldwin) B. ; early ed'n Milltown and at Rugby Acad., Wilmington, Del.; grad. Del. Coll., Newark, Del., and m

Who's who in America

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