Cosmological intercept tension

[2604.28013] Cosmological intercept tension Skip to main content Search Submit Donate Log in Astrophysics > Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics arXiv:2604.28013 (astro-ph) [Submitted on 30 Apr 2026] Title: Cosmological intercept tension Authors: Jia-Qi Wang , Shao-Jiang Wang View PDF HTML (experimental) Abstract: The long-standing tension in the Hubble constant $H_0$ has motivated extensive explorations of both new physics and observational systematics, for example, the late-time systematics in measuring the B-band absolute magnitude $M_B$ of type Ia supernovae, which is degenerated with $H_0$ via an intercept $-5a_B=M_B+5\lg (c/H_0/\mathrm{Mpc})+25$ in the linear relation $m_B=5\lg d_L(z)-5a_B$ between the apparent magnitude $m_B$ and logarithmic dimensionless luminosity distance $\lg d_L(z)$. Therefore, this intercept can be evaluated directly from pure observational quantities ($m_B$ and the redshift $z$) for a given model of $d_L(z)$ without knowing underlying systematics in $M_B$-$H_0$ degeneracy. Hence, the constancy of this intercept across different supernova datasets and different redshift bins within the same dataset for a given late-time model serves as a powerful diagnostic for disentangling late-time new physics from local supernova systematics. In this mini-review, we will show that: (1) there is a local $a_B$ tension in PantheonPlus around $z\sim0.01$, and the elimination of it leads to a $H_0$ measurement consistent with both SH0ES typical three-rung and first two-rung measurements; (2) there is a late-time $a_B$ tension in DES-Y5 around $z\sim0.1$, and the elimination of it largely reduces the preference for dynamical dark energy. We also update the late-time $a_B$-tension analysis for both DES-Y5 and DES-Dovekie supernovae, and find that this $a_B$ tension around $z\sim0.1$ is mainly driven by the inter-data tension between DES supernovae and DESI+Planck constraint, and the dynamical dark energy is preferred as a compromise of this tension. Finally, we briefly mention an interacting dark energy model that resolves this tension among DES, DESI, and Planck, and point out a crucial difference between the effective and apparent equations of state of dark energy. Comments: 27 pages, 6 figures, mini-review (of 2401.14170 , 2410.06053 , 2502.04212 , 2508.01759 ) based on the invited talk for Proceedings of the Corfu Summer Institute 2025: Tension in Cosmology 2025, updated with DES-Dovekie Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO) Cite as: arXiv:2604.28013 [astro-ph.CO] (or arXiv:2604.28013v1 [astro-ph.CO] for this version) https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2604.28013 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite Journal reference: PoS(CORFU2025)213 Related DOI : https://doi.org/10.22323/1.509.0213 Focus to learn more DOI(s) linking to related resources Submission history From: Shao-Jiang Wang [ view email ] [v1] Thu, 30 Apr 2026 15:31:57 UTC (1,230 KB) Full-text links: Access Paper: View PDF HTML (experimental) TeX Source view license Current browse context: astro-ph.CO < prev | next > new | recent | 2026-04 Change to browse by: astro-ph References & Citations INSPIRE HEP SciX Google Scholar Semantic Scholar export BibTeX citation Bookmark Bibliographic Tools Bibliographic and Citation Tools Bibliographic Explorer Toggle Bibliographic Explorer ( What is the Explorer? ) Connected Papers Toggle Connected Papers ( What is Connected Papers? ) Litmaps Toggle Litmaps ( What is Litmaps? ) scite.ai Toggle scite Smart Citations ( What are Smart Citations? ) Code, Data, Media Code, Data and Media Associated with this Article alphaXiv Toggle alphaXiv ( What is alphaXiv? ) Links to Code Toggle CatalyzeX Code Finder for Papers ( What is CatalyzeX? ) DagsHub Toggle DagsHub ( What is DagsHub? ) GotitPub Toggle Gotit.pub ( What is GotitPub? ) Huggingface Toggle Hugging Face ( What is Huggingface? ) ScienceCast Toggle ScienceCast ( What is ScienceCast? ) Demos Demos Replicate Toggle Replicate ( What is Replicate? ) Spaces Toggle Hugging Face Spaces ( What is Spaces? ) Spaces Toggle TXYZ.AI ( What is TXYZ.AI? ) Related Papers Recommenders and Search Tools Link to Influence Flower Influence Flower ( What are Influence Flowers? ) Core recommender toggle CORE Recommender ( What is CORE? ) IArxiv recommender toggle IArxiv Recommender ( What is IArxiv? ) Author Venue Institution Topic About arXivLabs arXivLabs: experimental projects with community collaborators arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website. 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