Non-volatile Multistate Magnetic Switching via Spin-orbit Torque and Intrinsic Anisotropy

[2603.11656] Non-volatile Multistate Magnetic Switching via Spin-orbit Torque and Intrinsic Anisotropy Skip to main content Search Submit Donate Log in Condensed Matter > Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics arXiv:2603.11656 (cond-mat) [Submitted on 12 Mar 2026 ( v1 ), last revised 27 Aug 2026 (this version, v2)] Title: Non-volatile Multistate Magnetic Switching via Spin-orbit Torque and Intrinsic Anisotropy Authors: Fei Ye , Chunzheng Wang , Xue Zhang , Sihai Jiao , Zhongjie Wang , Long Cheng , Zhifeng Zhu , Chunlei Gao , Xiaofang Zhai View PDF Abstract: While current-induced bistate spin-orbit torque (SOT) switching has been well established, deterministic electrical control of multiple magnetic states remains a central challenge in spintronics. Here, we realize a conceptually new multistate SOT device in a SrIrO_3/SrRuO_3 bilayer, hosting four intrinsically stable yet electrically distinguishable magnetic states, including two in-plane canted (IP_c^$\pm$) and two out-of-plane canted (OP_c^$\pm$) states. Pulsed current excitations fully map all twelve deterministic transitions among the four states, establishing a robust switching protocol defined by two characteristic current densities. In-situ scanning nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center magnetometry provides direct real-space evidence for the previously unobserved IP_c^$\pm$ states, and spin dynamics simulations uncover a two-step switching pathway, driven by the concerted action of spin torques and the effective anisotropy field within the fourfold anisotropy landscape. Our demonstration of the intrinsic multistate SOT device directly addresses the density bottleneck of conventional bistate SOT technology, establishing a powerful paradigm for compact, high-speed, and energy-efficient multistate spintronics. Subjects: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) ; Applied Physics (physics.app-ph) Cite as: arXiv:2603.11656 [cond-mat.mes-hall] (or arXiv:2603.11656v2 [cond-mat.mes-hall] for this version) https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2603.11656 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite Journal reference: Chinese Phys. Lett. 43, 080707 (2026) Related DOI : https://doi.org/10.1088/0256-307X/43/8/080707 Focus to learn more DOI(s) linking to related resources Submission history From: Long Cheng [ view email ] [v1] Thu, 12 Mar 2026 08:25:44 UTC (1,315 KB) [v2] Thu, 27 Aug 2026 03:03:18 UTC (15,612 KB) Full-text links: Access Paper: View PDF view license Current browse context: cond-mat.mes-hall < prev | next > new | recent | 2026-03 Change to browse by: cond-mat physics physics.app-ph References & Citations SciX Google Scholar Semantic Scholar export BibTeX citation Bookmark Bibliographic Tools Bibliographic and Citation Tools Bibliographic Explorer Toggle Bibliographic Explorer ( What is the Explorer? ) Connected Papers Toggle Connected Papers ( What is Connected Papers? ) Litmaps Toggle Litmaps ( What is Litmaps? ) scite.ai Toggle scite Smart Citations ( What are Smart Citations? ) Code, Data, Media Code, Data and Media Associated with this Article alphaXiv Toggle alphaXiv ( What is alphaXiv? ) Links to Code Toggle CatalyzeX Code Finder for Papers ( What is CatalyzeX? ) DagsHub Toggle DagsHub ( What is DagsHub? ) GotitPub Toggle Gotit.pub ( What is GotitPub? ) Huggingface Toggle Hugging Face ( What is Huggingface? ) ScienceCast Toggle ScienceCast ( What is ScienceCast? ) Demos Demos Replicate Toggle Replicate ( What is Replicate? ) Spaces Toggle Hugging Face Spaces ( What is Spaces? ) Spaces Toggle TXYZ.AI ( What is TXYZ.AI? ) Related Papers Recommenders and Search Tools Link to Influence Flower Influence Flower ( What are Influence Flowers? ) Core recommender toggle CORE Recommender ( What is CORE? ) IArxiv recommender toggle IArxiv Recommender ( What is IArxiv? ) Author Venue Institution Topic About arXivLabs arXivLabs: experimental projects with community collaborators arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website. Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them. Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs . Which authors of this paper are endorsers? | Disable MathJax ( What is MathJax? ) We gratefully acknowledge support from our major funders , member institutions , and all contributors. About · Help · Contact · Subscribe · Copyright · Privacy · Accessibility · Operational Status (opens in new tab) Major funding support from (opens in new tab) (opens in new tab) (opens in new tab)

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