Ponderomotive Achromat for Electron Optics: Radially Polarized Annular Focusing and a Round-Lens Corrector Regime

[2603.07923] Ponderomotive Achromat for Electron Optics: Radially Polarized Annular Focusing and a Round-Lens Corrector Regime Skip to main content Search Submit Donate Log in Physics > Optics arXiv:2603.07923 (physics) [Submitted on 9 Mar 2026 ( v1 ), last revised 27 Aug 2026 (this version, v2)] Title: Ponderomotive Achromat for Electron Optics: Radially Polarized Annular Focusing and a Round-Lens Corrector Regime Authors: Yuuki Uesugi , Yuichi Kozawa View PDF HTML (experimental) Abstract: Ponderomotive electron optics has attracted attention because structured optical fields provide round-lens functionalities, including negative lens power and negative spherical aberration, that are difficult to achieve with conventional Einzel and solenoid lenses. How ponderomotive lenses disperse with electron energy, and whether that dispersion can be engineered for achromatization, have remained largely unexplored. Here we show that the transverse and longitudinal components of a vector optical field exhibit distinct energy dispersions because a relativistic correction modifies the effective lens action of the component polarized parallel to the electron velocity. In a radially polarized Bessel field coaxial with the electron beam, the two components form spatially co-located $J_1^2$- and $J_0^2$-type ponderomotive potentials whose relative weights depend on the electron energy, the Bessel cone angle, and the propagation direction of the light relative to the electrons. Using a local Abbe number defined in the energy domain, we find that this single field can operate as a self-achromatic round lens. We further construct zero-separation doublets---with a magnetic objective-lens model or an azimuthally polarized Bessel lens---that simultaneously cancel the first-order axial chromatic- and third-order spherical-aberration coefficients at a fixed electron-optical focal length, with the useful solutions occurring for counter-propagating light. Finite-aperture calculations at optical wavelengths of $1064~\mathrm{nm}$ and $10.6~\mathrm{\mu m}$ relate the achievable probe size to the required optical power, and at $10.6~\mathrm{\mu m}$ they identify a low-energy, large-energy-spread regime in which the corrected doublets outperform the magnetic objective-lens model. The required optical power is compatible with demonstrated near-infrared ultrashort-pulse sources. Comments: 19 pages, 6 figures Subjects: Optics (physics.optics) Cite as: arXiv:2603.07923 [physics.optics] (or arXiv:2603.07923v2 [physics.optics] for this version) https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2603.07923 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite Related DOI : https://doi.org/10.1103/5s6w-2dt5 Focus to learn more DOI(s) linking to related resources Submission history From: Yuuki Uesugi [ view email ] [v1] Mon, 9 Mar 2026 03:34:54 UTC (1,397 KB) [v2] Thu, 27 Aug 2026 01:31:25 UTC (435 KB) Full-text links: Access Paper: View PDF HTML (experimental) TeX Source view license Current browse context: physics.optics < prev | next > new | recent | 2026-03 Change to browse by: physics References & Citations SciX Google Scholar Semantic Scholar export BibTeX citation Bookmark Bibliographic Tools Bibliographic and Citation Tools Bibliographic Explorer Toggle Bibliographic Explorer ( What is the Explorer? ) Connected Papers Toggle Connected Papers ( What is Connected Papers? ) Litmaps Toggle Litmaps ( What is Litmaps? ) scite.ai Toggle scite Smart Citations ( What are Smart Citations? ) Code, Data, Media Code, Data and Media Associated with this Article alphaXiv Toggle alphaXiv ( What is alphaXiv? ) Links to Code Toggle CatalyzeX Code Finder for Papers ( What is CatalyzeX? ) DagsHub Toggle DagsHub ( What is DagsHub? ) GotitPub Toggle Gotit.pub ( What is GotitPub? ) Huggingface Toggle Hugging Face ( What is Huggingface? ) ScienceCast Toggle ScienceCast ( What is ScienceCast? ) Demos Demos Replicate Toggle Replicate ( What is Replicate? ) Spaces Toggle Hugging Face Spaces ( What is Spaces? ) Spaces Toggle TXYZ.AI ( What is TXYZ.AI? ) Related Papers Recommenders and Search Tools Link to Influence Flower Influence Flower ( What are Influence Flowers? ) Core recommender toggle CORE Recommender ( What is CORE? ) Author Venue Institution Topic About arXivLabs arXivLabs: experimental projects with community collaborators arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website. 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