Comparing the Architectures of Multiplanet Systems from Kepler, K2, and TESS Data

[2506.20654] Comparing the Architectures of Multiplanet Systems from Kepler, K2, and TESS Data Skip to main content Search Submit Donate Log in Astrophysics > Earth and Planetary Astrophysics arXiv:2506.20654 (astro-ph) [Submitted on 25 Jun 2025 ( v1 ), last revised 25 Sep 2025 (this version, v3)] Title: Comparing the Architectures of Multiplanet Systems from Kepler, K2, and TESS Data Authors: Robert Royer III , Jason H. Steffen View PDF Abstract: Exoplanet surveys like Kepler, TESS, and K2 have shown that planetary systems are common in our galaxy. These surveys, along with several others, have identified thousands of planetary candidates, with more than five thousand having already been confirmed. Many of these planetary systems host multiple planets. As we discover more multiplanet systems, notable trends begin to appear in the data. We use kernel density estimation (KDE) to analyze the period ratios of adjacent planet pairs in multiplanet systems in the most recent Kepler, TESS and K2 data, paying particular attention to pairs in first order mean motion resonance (MMR). We compare a recent Kepler catalog with the DR25 data release. We also compare TESS and K2 against this recently released Kepler data. To verify the significance of our findings against selection bias, we perform Monte Carlo simulations of multiplanet systems in the TESS catalog, finding an excess of planet pairs near the 2 (2:1), and 1.5 (3:2) period ratios, both exceeding the 99\% confidence interval. We also find a significant peak at the 2.19 period ratio, which exceeds the 90\% confidence interval. Using a lower limit for period ratios determined by the period of the inner planet proposed in Steffen & Farr (2013), we identify two planet pairs orbiting M dwarf stars in a very tight ratio. We also note a likely misidentified planet pair orbiting an FGK type star, which if further study proves to be true, would indicate that only planets orbiting M dwarf stars may violate this limit. Comments: Published in the Open Journal of Astrophysics Subjects: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP) Cite as: arXiv:2506.20654 [astro-ph.EP] (or arXiv:2506.20654v3 [astro-ph.EP] for this version) https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2506.20654 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite Related DOI : https://doi.org/10.33232/001c.144936 Focus to learn more DOI(s) linking to related resources Submission history From: Robert Royer Iii [ view email ] [v1] Wed, 25 Jun 2025 17:51:20 UTC (1,209 KB) [v2] Fri, 8 Aug 2025 21:46:56 UTC (1,183 KB) [v3] Thu, 25 Sep 2025 19:22:07 UTC (1,103 KB) Full-text links: Access Paper: View PDF TeX Source view license Current browse context: astro-ph.EP < prev | next > new | recent | 2025-06 Change to browse by: astro-ph References & Citations SciX Google Scholar Semantic Scholar export BibTeX citation Bookmark Bibliographic Tools Bibliographic and Citation Tools Bibliographic Explorer Toggle Bibliographic Explorer ( What is the Explorer? ) Connected Papers Toggle Connected Papers ( What is Connected Papers? ) Litmaps Toggle Litmaps ( What is Litmaps? ) scite.ai Toggle scite Smart Citations ( What are Smart Citations? ) Code, Data, Media Code, Data and Media Associated with this Article alphaXiv Toggle alphaXiv ( What is alphaXiv? ) Links to Code Toggle CatalyzeX Code Finder for Papers ( What is CatalyzeX? ) DagsHub Toggle DagsHub ( What is DagsHub? ) GotitPub Toggle Gotit.pub ( What is GotitPub? ) Huggingface Toggle Hugging Face ( What is Huggingface? ) ScienceCast Toggle ScienceCast ( What is ScienceCast? ) Demos Demos Replicate Toggle Replicate ( What is Replicate? ) Spaces Toggle Hugging Face Spaces ( What is Spaces? ) Spaces Toggle TXYZ.AI ( What is TXYZ.AI? ) Related Papers Recommenders and Search Tools Link to Influence Flower Influence Flower ( What are Influence Flowers? ) Core recommender toggle CORE Recommender ( What is CORE? ) IArxiv recommender toggle IArxiv Recommender ( What is IArxiv? ) Author Venue Institution Topic About arXivLabs arXivLabs: experimental projects with community collaborators arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website. Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them. Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs . Which authors of this paper are endorsers? | Disable MathJax ( What is MathJax? ) We gratefully acknowledge support from our major funders , member institutions , and all contributors. About · Help · Contact · Subscribe · Copyright · Privacy · Accessibility · Operational Status (opens in new tab)

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