Toward a Functional Theory of Natural Organization: The One-Zero Theory of Line-Circle Duality Across Biological, Physical, and Human Systems

Natural and human-made systems consistently express two recurrent structural forms: line-shaped structures -cylindrical, tubular, or linear- that channel, direct, or transmit flows, and circle-shaped structures -spherical, cavity-like, or circular- that receive, accumulate, store, and transform them. This paper argues for a functional theory of natural organization grounded in this persistent duality. The theory proposes that line-forms (one-ness) and circle-forms (zero-ness) are not accidental or decorative appearances but operate as recurring organizing principles observable across biological, physical, ecological, social, technological, philosophical, and theological domains. While many existing studies explain how such forms emerge, this research focuses on the significance of their persistent recurrence and what it may reveal about nature, human life, and reality. Through systematic observation, comparative analysis, symbolic interpretation, and philosophical reflection, this paper develops the One-Zero Theory and argues that it offers new insights into natural organization while providing a unifying framework for exploring fundamental questions concerning human life, social organization, and the relationship between human systems and nature.