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El embarazo en filosofía de la biología: un enfoque organísmico relacional
El embarazo es un tema relativamente novedoso en los debates filosóficos. Introducido fundamentalmente desde perspectivas feministas, plantea desafíos a las posiciones tradicionales. Consideramos que la exploración de estas cuestiones es especialmente para la filosofía de la biología, pues obliga a reconsiderar la naturaleza de la reproducción, así como la concepción convencional de la biología del embarazo, y a revisar cómo la literatura más reciente sobre su evolución obliga a cambiar el modelo. Este trabajo sostiene que el estudio filosófico del embarazo tiene el potencial de transformar significativamente los debates actuales en la filosofía de la biología. En particular, puede reformular nuestra comprensión de los organismos y sus procesos, afectando conceptos clave como la individualidad, las relaciones inter-organísmicas, la temporalidad, la historicidad y la fisión. Pregnancy is a relatively new topic in philosophical debates. Introduced mainly by feminist perspectives, it raises issues that constitute challenges to traditional positions in philosophy. We examine some of these related to pregnancy, such as the subject and experience, ontologies, the problem of counting entities, and origin or birth. The discussion of these questions is relevant to the philosophy of biology. As such, it forces us to reconsider the problem of reproduction as well as the conventional conception of the biology of pregnancy, and to review how the more recent literature on its evolution forces us to change the model. On this basis, the main argument of this paper is that the question of pregnancy has an enormous potential to influence and suggest changes in current arguments in the philosophy of biology, mainly in the conceptions involved in the understanding of organisms and their processes, such as individuality, relationa-lity and temporality, historicity and fission.
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