余英时、许倬云思想史体系的批判性分析 A Critical Analysis of the Intellectual-Historical Systems of Yu Yingshi and Xu Zhuoyun

本文旨在对当代华人思想史学者余英时与许倬云的学术体系进行批判性分析。二人作为国际知名的中国思想史家，代表了20世纪下半叶以来海外汉学界和中国学术界对“儒家传统”的重估。然而，其思想史构建存在三个致命盲点：其一，过度儒家中心化，将中国思想史简化为儒学史；其二，忽视或误读老子及道家思想，未能把握其宇宙论和自然哲学维度；其三，缺乏科学基础，未能与现代科学的宇宙学、生态学和系统论相结合，思想史停留在文化怀旧与道德史的层面。本文提出一个替代性方案——以“老-杨创世纪宇宙观”为基础，重建中国思想史的整体视野：将“道”作为宇宙本源与自然法则，将老子思想与现代科学结合，从而实现从文化史向宇宙观史学的根本转型。 This paper offers a critical analysis of the intellectual-historical frameworks of Yu Yingshi and Xu Zhuoyun, two of the most prominent contemporary Chinese intellectual historians. They represent the late 20th-century reevaluation of the Confucian tradition within both overseas Sinology and Chinese academia. Yet their constructions of Chinese intellectual history contain three fatal blind spots: excessive Confucian-centrism, neglect of Laozi and Daoist thought, and lack of a scientific foundation. This paper proposes an alternative—the “Lao-Yang Genesis Cosmology”—to reconstruct the overall horizon of Chinese intellectual history, integrating Dao as the cosmic origin and natural law with Laozi’s philosophy and modern science, achieving a transformation from cultural history to cosmological intellectual history.