To what extent did food rations and logistics affect the outcome of the Siege of Port Arthur during the Russo-Japanese War?

The war between Imperial Japan and Russia, which erupted at the dawn of the 20th century, had a profound impact on modern society, and the crucial battle that ultimately led to Japan’s victory was the Siege of Port Arthur. Although numerous scholars argue that the Russian Army’s defeat in this siege was primarily due to commanders' mistakes, the fortress's flawed design, and a disparity in morale, few have systematically analyzed food rations and logistics as contributing factors to Japan’s victory. This article explores the significance of food supply in the battle through a comparative analysis of Japanese and Russian logistical systems, an evaluation of other contributing factors, and a detailed examination of the supply crisis inside Port Arthur.