Documenting the Łódź Ghetto Through the Photographs by Mendel Grossman

The Polish Jewish photographer Mendel Grossman captured with his camera (officially and clandestinely) the harsh and cruel reality of the Łódź ghetto: industrial production, suffering, starvation, deportation, and death. In this paper, I depict the Łódź ghetto and the agony of the Jewish people through Grossman's eyes, as well as the cultural, religious, and Zionist activities that took place in the ghetto in the midst of so much destruction and death. I assert that Grossman's photographs humanize the victims and are a crucial source of the suffering and annihilation of the Jewish victims of the Łódź ghetto. Moreover, I argue that Grossman's photographs symbolize courage and defiance (two acts that fall within the spectrum of the term amidah) and are an invaluable source for researching both the Łódź ghetto and the Shoah.