Philosophical Enquiry of Duhkha (pain) in Shrimadbhagwat Gita and Yoga-Sutra

Why has the concept of duḥkha (suffering) and its cessation (duḥkha-nivṛtti) been primarily explored through the lens of Buddhist philosophy, while the profound philosophical treatments found in the Shrimadbhagwad Gita and the Yoga-Sutra of Patanjali have received comparatively limited attention? Why is there a scarcity of comparative studies that examine these two foundational Hindu texts specifically in relation to duḥkha from the Purusha-Prakriti perspective? Among the few available works, why do most tend to focus on therapeutic or medical interpretations, aimed at patient comfort, rather than engaging with the philosophical and spiritual dimensions of suffering and its transcendence? In this context, what philosophical frameworks do the Gita and the Yoga-Sutra offer to understand the nature, origin, and cessation of duḥkha? How do these texts differ or converge in their interpretations of suffering and the means to overcome it? And in what ways can their insights, when studied comparatively, contribute to a deeper and more holistic understanding of liberation (mokṣa)? This study seeks to explore these critical questions by uncovering the philosophical foundation of duḥkha and duḥkha-nivṛtti in both texts, thereby filling a significant gap in existing scholarship and offering fresh perspectives on suffering, consciousness, and spiritual well-being.