SOCB Proceedings Series 01.1: Sustainable Inside and Outside

As climate change accelerates with undeniable force, the spaces we inhabit, both inside and outside, are undergoing profound transformation and increasing vulnerability. Across the globe, cities are confronting overlapping crises that include extreme heat, water scarcity, flooding, pollution, biodiversity loss, and widening social inequities. These challenges are no longer distant forecasts but lived realities shaping everyday life. Clean air, fresh water, healthy food systems, safe shelter, accessible public spaces, and cultural continuity, once taken for granted, are now under threat. Urban environments in particular are burdened by congestion, noise, inefficient infrastructure, and development models that often prioritize short-term growth over long-term resilience and human well-being. In response to this moment of urgency, the International Conference on Sustainable Inside and Outside, held in Vienna in 2025, convened scholars, architects, planners, designers, educators, environmentalists, and policymakers from across the world. The conference was conceived not merely as an academic forum, but as a collective platform for reflection, responsibility, and action. It recognized sustainability as a multidimensional challenge that is environmental, social, cultural, and ethical, and emphasized the inseparable relationship between interior and exterior spaces, between buildings and cities, and between human environments and the natural world.