A Hypothetical Model of the Universe Based on Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation and the Observable Universe (Part III)/一个基于宇宙微波背景辐射和可观测宇宙的模型假想 (第三篇)

Abstract The standard ΛCDM cosmological model is constructed upon Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN), Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMB), and cosmic expansion theory, providing a fundamental framework for understanding the origin of light elements, matter evolution, and the overall mass‑energy distribution. Nevertheless, this model encounters persistent observational tensions across four critical areas: the missing baryon problem, the unobservability of primordial cosmic plasma, systematic discrepancies in the predicted ⁷Li abundance, and the unexpected presence of heavy elements in the early universe. Existing corrections either lack direct observational evidence or require additional new physical assumptions to maintain consistency. Based on the theoretical framework of "continuous central white‑hole ejection + radial energy gradient + observable universe as a gentle gradient zone", this paper offers a logically consistent explanation for these four issues without introducing extraneous physical assumptions. It aims to provide an alternative perspective that transcends the traditional "global synchronous time evolution" paradigm. Additionally, several potential observational signatures derived from the model are proposed for validation. Keywords Primordial Plasma; ⁷Li Abundance Discrepancy; Heavy Element Origin; Missing Baryons; ΛCDM Model; Radial Energy Gradient; Continuous White‑Hole Ejection; Observable Universe; Observational Validation (For the English version, please click the DOI link below.) 摘要 标准 ΛCDM 宇宙学模型依托大爆炸核合成（BBN）、宇宙微波背景辐射（CMB）与宇宙膨胀理论，构建了轻元素起源、物质演化与总量分布的核心解释框架。然而，该模型在失踪重子问题、宇宙原初等离子体不可观测、锂 - 7 丰度理论与观测的系统性偏差及早期宇宙重元素存在四大关键问题上，面临难以调和的观测矛盾。现有修正假说或缺乏直接实证，或需引入额外新物理假设以维持模型自洽。本文基于 “中心白洞持续喷射 + 径向能量梯度 + 可观测宇宙为梯度平缓带” 的理论模型，在不引入额外新物理假设的前提下，对上述四大问题进行了逻辑自洽的阐释，以期提供一种跳出 “全域同步时间演化” 传统框架的解释视角。同时，结合模型内涵推导了若干可供未来观测检验的潜在特征与方向。 关键词 原初等离子体；锂 7 丰度偏差；重元素起源；失踪重子；ΛCDM 模型；径向能量梯度；白洞持续喷射；可观测宇宙；观测验证