What are the ethics of having children today?

Please receive this question as having come from a young person who wants to have children, but given the state of affairs (climate change, growing costs of living and wealth inequality, "technology", the human condition, etc.) is considering to not have children. What information would you give them to aid their personal investigation, and how would you leverage the great thinkers who have considered this topic? For the purposes of this question, I propose the following premises to be taken as true: This is a question many young people today are seriously considering for themselves There is a maximum sustainable population for the human species (i.e. the decision will be "forced" at some point) A bit more context - As someone who has had the time to read Russell's thoughts on population control and Plato's view of eugenics (among others), I genuinely struggle to answer this question for myself despite living a rather privileged life as a software engineer. I split this into two categories, though it seems they may trend to unite. Choosing not to have children Being forced to not have children The first is most relevant to the question. It is observable, for example, via the decline of birth rates in the US and the Aging of Japan. The second is relevant in as far as the two premises become united (or perhaps in more ways). It is observable, for example, in China's One-child Policy and in the prediction that birth rates will taper off.