Metabolic Impact on the Mitochondria-gut Microbiota Axis of Failure to Follow Restrictive Dietary Interventions in Subjects Living With Obesity

Nutritional interventions with dietary restrictions have become highly popular for promoting weight and body fat loss; In addition, they are largely associated with the improvement and preservation of mitochondrial function as well as the changes they generate in the composition of the gut microbiota and microbial metabolites. During obesity, mitochondrial dysfunction in monocytes can increase low-grade inflammation and contribute to alterations in various metabolic tissues. There have been many studies that have been dedicated to describing the benefits and mechanisms of the use of restrictive interventions, but few have focused on further monitoring and evaluating the metabolic changes that occur due to the lack of follow-up of the use of these interventions, where subjects resume eating patterns with energy overload. behavior that happens in the vast majority of patients, so keeping mitochondria in good condition is a key aspect of maintaining health. The present project aims to study the metabolic changes that are generated by the lack of follow-up of restrictive dietary interventions, focusing on the effects produced in mitochondrial function evaluated in monocytes isolated from peripheral blood and the impact that the composition of the intestinal microbiota is generated from the metabolites produced, affecting as a consequence the inflammatory state of the host. A randomized controlled clinical trial will be carried out where the selected participants will be assigned by lottery to one of the 3 nutritional interventions for 8 weeks, then the participants will be followed up at 8, 16 and 24 weeks after the intervention has ended. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters, resting energy expenditure, blood pressure, oxidative stress markers, metabolomics, gut microbiota composition, and mitochondrial function will be evaluated during follow-up.