Ultrasound-guided Non-invasive Simulation in Anesthesia Residency Training

Study Aim: This trial evaluates if a novel non-invasive, AI-assisted simulation training improves ultrasound-guided needle visualization skills in anesthesia residents. Design: Trainees were randomized into two groups: Intervention: AI-based, non-invasive simulated needle puncture training. Control: Conventional ultrasound teaching. Key Outcomes: The primary outcome is objective needle tip visibility. Secondary outcomes include anatomical identification, correct view acquisition, operator confidence, and overall scanning performance. Assessment: Outcomes are measured via blinded expert evaluation and theoretical tests. The goal of this randomized controlled clinical trial is to determine whether an ultrasound-guided non-invasive simulated needle puncture training technique can improve ultrasound-guided needle visualization skills in anesthesiology residents undergoing standardized residency training. The study is conducted in anesthesiology residents enrolled in a standardized residency training program. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. Does non-invasive simulated needle puncture training improve objective needle tip visibility during ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve block procedures? 2. Does this training method improve anatomical structure identification, acquisition of correct block views, operator confidence, and overall scanning performance compared with conventional ultrasound teaching? Researchers will compare a non-invasive simulated needle puncture training group with a conventional ultrasound teaching group to see if the simulated training technique leads to superior needle visualization and procedural performance. Participants will: Receive standardized theoretical instruction on ultrasound- guided peripheral nerve blocks; Be randomly assigned to either non-invasive simulated needle puncture training using an artificial intelligence-assisted system or conventional ultrasound scanning training; Perform ultrasound scanning and simulate